高考阅读理解第一讲-细节理解题
高考英语江苏：专题三+阅读理解第一讲+细节理解题
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【能力要求】
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【图解题型】
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阅读理解解题四步法 第一步：扫描题干，画关键定位词，区分题型和预测文章主要内容 第二步：通读全文，抓住中心 1.通读全文，抓两个重点： (1)段中心句。核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题。 (2)其他各段的段首和段尾句。其他部分略读，有重点地读。
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[典例4] (2019·江苏卷，阅读C) In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the
recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”.As a result，in the last twenty years or so，many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back.Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital，labour and goods, with poor results.
2021浙江新高考英语二轮复习课件：专题一 阅读理解 第一讲 理解文中具体信息——细节理解题
29．Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch? A．To meet with her coworkers. B．To catch up with her work. C．To have some time on her own. D．To collect data for her report.
[典例] (2019·全国卷Ⅰ·A 片段) Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符 合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.
常见的设问方式： ◆Which of the following best describes...? ◆Why was...a success? ◆How does the writer recommend...to readers?
专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)(解析版)
专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题(讲义)目录考点阅读理解之细节理解题------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1页【真题研析·规律探寻】-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向1 考查直接信息题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页考向2 考查间接信息题--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页考向3 考查数字计算题----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------7页【核心提炼·考向探究】----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页1．命题规律--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页2．细节题的设题方式-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------9页3．常用的解题方法-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10页4．阅读理解之细节理解题的解题关键-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页5．细节理解题的实用技巧---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页【题型特训·命题预测】------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向1 考查直接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12页预测考向2 考查间接信息题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------14页预测考向3 考查数字计算题-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17页考点 阅读理解之细节理解题考情分析：分析2021-2023年新高考阅读理解细节理解题考向分布。
(完整版)高考阅读理解细节题
一、细节判断题： (根据题目到文中定位、根据选项判断四选项的对错)细节题的重点是：定位定位主要从段再到具体的句如何定位：通过中心词定位到段，再根据某一方面具体到句问题一：如何将问题进行解析来定位问题二:如何将四个选项进行分析来定位总结：将一个句子拆分开1.which one is ture among the sentences?（判断四个选项的对错：其中有3个选项存在细节性的错误，在看选项时务必将每个选项可能存在的错误找出来在到文中进行比对）2。
what can we infer from the passage?（四个选型那句话是对的)课堂讲解训练ATEACH DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN IN QUITO IN ECUADORSUMMARY FACTFILEPrice: From ￡775, excluding flightsDuration ： From 2 weeks to 6 months subject to visa requirementsStart Dates ： All year round —you choose your start and finish datesRequirements ： At least aged 17, no qualifications necessary, but you’ll have to be enthusiastic。
You’ll need to know a little Spanish to do this project, but if you have no knowledge of Spanish at all, you can combine your project with 1—week intensive （强化的) Spanish course in Quito before starting your project 。
01 阅读理解(细节理解题 )
阅读理解---细节理解题[设题特点]新高考阅读理解的4种命题形式中，细节理解题所占相对比例最高，但相对容易，重在考查对文章的某一细节或事实的理解，都是对文中具体信息进行提问，如who,when,where,which,why,what,how many/much等。
[选项特征]正确选项特征1.同义替换：指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换；有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换；2.信息归纳：用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案；3.正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项；4.原文原词：利用原文原词作为正确选项。
干扰选项特征1.张冠李戴：是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容；2.无中生有：符合常识，但不是文章的内容；3.曲解文意：与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动；4.颠倒是非：在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反；5.正误参半：部分正确，部分错误。
考法一直接细节题[技法点拨][设题特点]直接细节题的特点是在原文中可以找到和选项信息几乎一样的短语或句子。
只需要弄清题干问的是什么,找到题干中的关键信息，然后根据信息在文中寻找相关内容(有时需跨段落寻找细节信息)。
正确选项和原文在表述上没有太大的变化。
常涉及考查直接细节题的一般为应用文，涉及人与社会这一主题的：①旅游广告；①活动介绍/通知/启事；①演出信息；①飞机/火车等交通工具出行问题。
[设问方式] 特殊疑问句形式：以when,where,what,which,who等疑问词开头引出问题。
典例1【江苏省百校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次考试】Even tree-planting can increase health risks to local human populations if it focuses too narrowly on a small number of species, as is often the case in commercial forests. Outbreaks of infectious diseases are more likely in areas of monoculture plantations, according to a new study.The researchers of the study said this was because diseases are filtered (过滤) and blocked by a range of predators (食肉动物) and habitats in a healthy, biodiverse forest. When this is replaced by a palm oil plantation or soy fields, the specialist species die off, leaving generalists such as rats and mosquitoes to thrive (繁殖) and spread pathogens across human and non-human habitats. The net result is a loss of natural disease regulation.The researchers examined the correlation between trends for forest cover, plantations, population and disease around the globe using statistics from international institutions such as the World Health Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization. Over the period of study from 1990 to 2016, this covered 3,884 outbreaks of 116 diseases that crossed the species barrier and 1,996 outbreaks of 69 vector-borne infectious diseases, mostly carried by mosquitoes, ticks or flies.The new study adds to a growing body of evidence that viruses are more likely to transfer to humans or animals if they live in or near human-disturbed ecosystems. This is shaped by trade patterns and consumer behaviour. A quarter of global forest loss is driven by the production of commodities such as beef, soy, palm oil and wood fibre.Morand, lead-author of the study, said his study showed that disease risks need to be added to risk-benefit analysis of new projects. “We should take the costs of public health into account when considering new plantations. The risks are first to local people, but then worldwide because we have seen with Covid how quickly diseases can spread.”Morand is now working on a more detailed study that will use satellite analysis of forest cover to examine links with disease. With more information, he believes it may be possible to predict future outbreaks and to work with local communities to build ecologically diverse and economically productive landscapes that reduce the risks.12．Why are outbreaks of infectious diseases more likely in areas of monoculture plantations?A．The specialist species are wiped out by their predators.B．Biodiversity decline destroys natural disease regulation.C．Local human populations have no knowledge of health risks.D．Commercial forests provide food for disease-carrying insects.13．How did the researchers get their findings?A．By conducting data analysis.B．By referring to another study.C．By making field investigation.D．By consulting authoritative agencies.【答案】12．B13．A12．细节理解题。
高考英语二轮复习-第二部分-题型突破-专题12-阅读理解-第1讲-细节理解题(二)对点特训
第1讲细微环节理解题（二）细微环节理解题(二)A(2016·山西四校高三第三次联考)World Book Day is a celebration of all things wonderful about books for all ages, with author events, school fancy－dress parades(游行) and a ￡1 book token(购书券) given to all school children under 18. It is a yearly event on 23rd April, organized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO), to promote reading.In the United Kingdom, the day is recognized on the first Thursday in March. On 3rd March, 2016 children of all ages in the U．K. will come together to appreciate reading. Sometimes, reading a modern novel can be tough (Booker Prize winner The Luminaries runs to 832 pages! ), especially if reading is not your strong suit. In fact, one in six people in the U．K. never pick up a book because they've experienced difficulties or are out of the habit of reading for pleasure.The Galaxy Quick Reads series are designed to introduce reluctant readers to bestselling short funny novels, which bring the joy of reading without demanding hours of concentrated time. They cover a range of subjects, from romance to comedy.Jojo Moyes's Paris for One is a romantic adventure in which 26－year－old Nell books a weekend away to Paris with her lazy, neglectful boyfriend. When he fails to turn up, she is alone in the city. That is, until she meets Fabien, who shows her the charms of the French capital—in more ways than one.Adele Geras's moving story Out In The Dark was set in World War I, in which young Rob came back from the battlefields. Determined to find the officer's widow to return the photo of her and their daughter that the captain kept with him, he traveled several thousand miles but never gave up.Dead Man Talking is a fantastic tale of Pat, who had a terrible fight with his best friend, Joe, ten years ago—but now hears that Joe is dead, and he must attend his funeral. But Joe is not going quietly that very night—he's lying in his coffin being very chatty indeed.体裁：说明文题材：介绍说明主题：《银河快速阅读》系列语篇导读：有些书让不擅长阅读的读者望而却步。
通用版2024高考英语二轮复习第一板块阅读理解之题型篇专题一第一讲细节理解题_定位信息巧比对讲义
专题一阅读理解[全国卷3年考情分析]题型与题量卷别细微环节理解题推理推断题主旨大意题词义揣测题考情分析从统计表可以看出，高考英语阅读理解的题型设置以细微环节理解题和推理推断题为主，兼顾主旨大意题和词义揣测题。
细微环节理解题相对简洁，而其他三种题型相对较难。
在近两年的考查趋向上，细微环节理解题的答案更加隐藏，叙述含蓄，干脆信息题会越来越少，取而代之的将是事实细微环节题加入很多推理、推断、归纳等元素；推理推断题的难度会适当加大。
本专题将对这四种题型进行递进式的指导。
2024 卷Ⅰ7 5 2 1 卷Ⅱ9 3 2 1 卷Ⅲ9 3 2 12024 卷Ⅰ7 6 1 1 卷Ⅱ 5 6 2 2 卷Ⅲ 6 6 2 12024 卷Ⅰ10 3 1 1卷Ⅱ7 5 1 2卷Ⅲ8 4 1 2第一讲细微环节理解题——定位信息巧比对细微环节理解题在英语高考阅读理解中占了较大的比重，而且此类题型相对比较简洁，只须要依据题干中的关键词，回到原文定位信息区间，稍加比对，就能得出正确答案。
因此，对于这类题目要力求读得快、找得准、答得对，力争不丢分，保住基本分才能得高分。
但有些细微环节理解题由于命题人有意设置障碍，把有用信息分散在文章不同位置，有时又有转折、否定等，因此有些题目须要细致地思索、对比、计算、对上下文关键信息把握和分析。
尽管细微环节理解题相对简洁，但不行掉以轻心。
细微环节理解题常见的考查题型有：干脆信息题、间接信息题、概括细微环节理解题和正误推断题。
一、题型特点要知晓(一)细微环节理解题常见设问方式1．特别疑问句形式。
以when, where, what, which, who, how much/many等疑问词引出的问题。
2．推断是非形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE, NOT true或EXCEPT等的推断是非的问题。
此时要留意题干中是否含有否定词，如not, never等。
3．以“According to ...”开头的提问形式。
高考英语二轮复习第一部分阅读理解篇专题1阅读理解第1讲细节理解类课件
• ……
• Q：What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
• A．Her lack of proper training in law. • B．Her little work experience in court. • C．The discrimination against women. • D．The poor financial conditions.
• ◆Rental Information
• Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
•
(2017·全国Ⅰ，A片段)
• Pacific Science Center Guide
• ◆Visit Pacific Science Center's Store
• Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome.
高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(01)讲义
一、高考英语细节题考察概况：1.宏观考察概况：细节理解题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。
细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右，是最重要的得分点。
2.微观考察概况：（1）设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节，或就文中的数字进行提问。
（2）考察规律①正确选项特征A.同义替换（原句重复出现，200%错。
正确的都是有改动的，即同义替换。
）(1)替换关键词。
把原文的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成了be out of occupation(2)改变词性。
把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性，如把so much important变换成of importance(3)改变语态。
把原文主动语态转为被动语态，如restoring and repairing the bridge变换成the bridge was restoring and reparing.B.信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息; 正确答案具有概括性（考察考生的理解归纳能力），深刻性，因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。
C.正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项比如说：I constantly remained confused about the learning predicament.我一直对学习的困境感到困惑。
②干扰选项特征A.张冠李戴，无中生有B.曲解文意，答非所问C.颠倒是非，因果倒置，无原因推导（过度推断）D.正误参半，盲目推断，正反混淆二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法：第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）第三步，利用正确选项特点，确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息，关注变换原文语态词性或词形，简化或概括原文，正话反说)三、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练1.What do we know about Astro Access?A. It redesigns jet airplanes.B. It offers weightlessness experience.C. It provides physical treatmentD. It hires the disabled to be astronauts第一步，初步读题干，弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.What do we know about Astro Access?我们对星际通道了解多少?问的角度是什么what；对象是星际通道第二步，迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词，反义词或者解释性信息，最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系（因果，递进，解释，转折，对比，比较等关系）Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero Gravity flight, organized by the group Astro Access. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness.The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would never have experienced in my wildest dreams," she says, “especially the floating the weightlessness.原词对应：weightlessness（失重；无重状态）；experience（体验）；由于这段话没有出现转折连接词，所以判断这个段落各个句子的逻辑关系是顺承关系段落翻译：Mazyck是由Astro Access组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。
阅读理解1(细节题)讲义(教师逐字稿)
高中阅读理解1（细节题）PPT(第1页)：今天我要讲解的阅读理解中的细节题。
PPT(第2页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第3页)：我们的学习是按照这个思路进行的，一，构建知识图;二，利用知识图解题；三，复习练习。
PPT(第4-5页)：这是我们本次学习的整个思维导图体系。
PPT(第6页)：我们正式开始学习细节题。
PPT(第7页)：首先我们学习一般细节题，还有一种细节题叫原因细节题，我们下节课讲。
PPT(第8页)：在细节题中，一般细节题占90%以上。
很重要，更重要的是，很多其它类型的题目都要用到细节题的解题技巧。
PPT(第9页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第10页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第11页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第12页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第13页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第14页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第15页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第16页)：【思考1】读完4道题的题干后（以全国卷BCD篇为例），为什么不马上读选项？答：16个句子，信息太多，记不住选项；干扰选项12个，很多是使用形似的方式干扰，反而容易选错。
【思考2】在原文中没有找到定位词怎么办？答案：在阅读理解的最后一课，讲到“80%出题点”的概念，来解决这个问题。
PPT(第17页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第18页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第19页)：我们来看一下这道真题。
（学霸直接读题干即可）PPT(第20页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）PPT(第21页)：（学霸照着PPT读即可）需要注意的是，这里的“大：锁定区域”是没有展示的，因为一篇阅读的篇幅太长，没办法聚焦，我们就直接锁定了答案对应的段落，我们在后面刷题的过程中，会完整演示如何从大到小，从锁定区域到锁定句子。
在这里我们只是演示如何锁定句子。
定位标志出现后，翻译，看是不是题干所需要的，如果是，就是答案。
高中的高考阅读理解第一讲细节理解题
阅读理解第一讲细节理解题1.全国卷 3 年高考统计表[解题指导 ]1．阅读短文和读题审题的先后次序问题。
Passage→ Questions→Passage这类答题模式有益于掌握文章的要旨和作者的态度感情，可是速度较慢，不可以在阅读过程中踊跃主动地展望文章内容，不可以迅速地掌握题目和选项的关系性。
所以，阅读过程缺少主观能动性。
Questions→ Passage→Questions 这类答题模式针对性较强，节俭答题时间，可用来解答细节性的问题，可是关于要旨性和推测性问题显得成效不显然。
关于两种答题模式，可依据题型而做出选择，以提升答题效率。
2．正确立位阅读资料的题材和体裁，抓住正确选项和扰乱选项的特色，掌握短文资料的要旨粗心，依照题目和自然段对应的关系，找失事实依照，清除绝对意义的语义选项，提高阅读速度和精准度。
1．特别疑问句形式。
以when， where， what， which ， who ，how much/many 等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．判断是非的形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE ， NOT true/false 或 EXCEPT 等词的判断是非的问题。
要注意题干中能否含有否认词，如not， never 等。
3．以“ According to...开头”的发问形式。
4．填空形式。
如The teacher used Tinkertoys in order to________ 。
一、细节理解题正确选项的特色1．同义替代。
对原词句子中的重点词进行同义替代。
如把lose one’s job 换成了be out of work ；有时词性或许语态有所变化。
把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important 改成of importance ；改变原文中句子的语态，即主动语态与被动语态的变换。
2．语言简化。
把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
3．正话反说。
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
最新高考英语第1讲细节理解题ppt课件
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ阅读 A 节选) When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at
Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员) and, in 1981, the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many
important cases during her 24 years on the top court. 22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the
law firm? A．Her lack of proper training in law. B．Her little work experience in court. C．The discrimination against women. D．The poor financial conditions.
15
13．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley? A．They were made last week. B．They showed undersea sceneries. C．They were found by a cameraman. D．They recorded a disastrous adventure. 第一步：审读题干抓关键，定位信息区间 根据关键词的醒目性和唯一性原则，可以确定本题的关键
新高考英语专题1讲义阅读理解第1讲细节理解含答案解析
英语24字整体教学法第二部分题型应对策略I精通四种题型解题技巧，有的放矢多拿分第一讲理解文中具体信息一一细节理解题细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解中非常重要的一种题型。
细节理解题题干针对原文的具体叙述进行提问，主要考查考生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节、文章的主要事实或文中个别词句的理解能力，一般包括查找信息题、数字计算题等。
高考全国卷细节理解题题量统计考纲解读年份卷别\2019 2018 2017(1)文章细节对于理解全文内容来说至关重要，冋时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。
(2)命题人员会要求考生根据不冋的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻求所需的细节。
(3)这类试题有时比较直接，理解字面意思即可答题；有时则较为间接，需要归纳、概括和推理才能答全国卷I 6 7 7全国卷∏10 9 5全国卷川10 9 6【考查特点】I .把握细节理解题常见的命题方式：(1)特殊疑问句形式：以When, where, What, WhiCh , Who, how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题。
(2)填空题形式：通常涉及与主题有关的事实和细节。
(3)就文中数字、排序等提问。
∏ .掌握细节细解题的考查角度：(1)高频考点：直接信息题；综合细节题。
(2)低频考点：数字计算题；正误判断题；细节排序题。
［考向1］直接细节题 --- 精准定位判细节直接细节题即事实认定类细节题，该题型在原文中可直接找到答案，不要求考生对事实做出解释或者判断，只需要从阅读材料中直接获取信息(有时需要跨段落查找细节信息)。
正确选项和原文在表述上没有太大的变化。
常见的设问方式：WhiCh activity will you choose if...?.What will you/the StUde nts do On TUeSday/o n the CaPitaI City Bike Tour?.When Can you See a play in Hebrew?定位对比♦Where Can you buy a souve nir at PaCifiC SCienCeCen ter?6 "Sθqμ□Sθp ]Sθq 6uiM0||0j θi∏ joι∣□!IIM⅜o≡≡皐俸阴Y齬用瞬曲'爭俸号茅韦俸壷墨奧ζl≡≡MX^≡MX^ '回X回宙剥皿呦ζ≡⅜^∣τx⅛⅛≡i⅜X^⅛WM}W≡W≡∙^≡≡ ζWM}⅜W≡≡ΦXm^W^W⅛≡^ W≡i^W≡B≡——齬丄腸号茅[乙回俸] o≡^≡≡≡ t⅛≡ΦXd^WWqqW⅛ζ≡W乎二蚩o WM≡^>^Φ⅛WW '目WB 乎一蚩□:昜搦王目^»¥SW®BW¥B：±W^Γ∣≡M Xuedωoo Jθωω∩s≡^≡W≡ACT 乎三蚩sθssθuιsnq JΘIUIU∩S UMO j∣θμ; UnJ PUe μe⅜s o; 000 ; G$ o; dn 40 SPJeMe PUe 6UIUIBJ; ssθuιsnq UO -spueμ m∣∕v∖ s⅜uθpn⅜s SΘP∣ΛOJC I XUedIUOg JΘIUIU∩S≡≡> 乎二蚩AUedIUOg JΘIUIU∩SM≡^^IΦ⅛WW 乎一蚩 [划苗齬搦]sθ∏ιUnIJOddO qof Jθiuιuns ΘJOIU SJΘ⅛O ↑∖, Q 1UΘIUUOJIΛUΘ ∣EJ∏1EU θl∏ Ul ψOΛΛ 0] ΘU0 SMOlIe ]∣, QSΘSSΘUIS nq MΘU biquuru」Oj SPJeMesθp∣∆θjd ↑∖,g luθiuΛo∣dιuθθj04θq 6uiuiej)OU sθJ!∏bθJ ↑∖,∀乙人UEdlUoO Jθtuιu∏s InOqE ∣eι□θds siIEilAA J乙IIej θ屮ui ∣ooμ□s o; buMn® '6乙一GL pθ6eS]Uθp∏ιs :θ∣qQ!∣θ si OlIM SΘSSΘUIS nq JΘIUIU ns UMO」©屮UrLl PUe PEIS o; OOO '£$ 0] dn jo SPJeMe PUe 6uiuiej)SSΘUIS nq Uo - SPUEll 屮g s]Uθprηs sθp∣∆θjdAuediuog Jθiuιu∏s Auediuog J θiuιu ∏s ∙(列萇)sθ!i!UnIUIUOo QΘ∣ΘS UI PIO SJBΘΛg∣, —g∣, Inno人:θ∣qι6ι∣θ si OlIMB UIUIBJ;屮g 6uo∣e ⅜uθiuΛo∣dιuθ pied 40 S>∣ΘΘM IiIb Q SΘP∣ΛOJC I IP!i∣∕v∖I IUeJ60JCl sιμ⅞ Joj ( 劫卷呂魅)θ∣qι6ι∣θ θq Pln(X) noA 1Θ□UIAOJC IΘ屮joSlJeCl uιeμθ□ uι 6UIAI| JΘ6BUΘΘ; B ΘJB noA j∣ 屮no人JOj SqOr(W ∀ I a≡Ψ 6103)[呦谛] 乙SθlUEl∣丄θ屮Ul SPUeISI θ屮UO MlEl θ屮ΘΔ∣6 IIIM Ol∣∕∖Λ∙乙IIbΠE∣poo6 B Λofuθ SΘ6B ⅜UΘJΘ⅛∣P40 θ∣dθθd Ueo θ□e∣d IP MMμ/.♦Why was...a success?♦HoW does the Writer recomme nd...to readers?［典例］（2019 全国卷∏ C 片段）"I Prefer to go out and be out. Alone, but together, you know ?” BeChteI said, looking UP from her book. Bechtel, who works in downtown WeSt Palm Beach, has IUnCh With coworkers sometimes, but like many Of us, too often works through IUnCh at her desk. A Iun Chtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapp ing her On the shoulder. She retur ns to work feeling energized.“ Today, I just Wanted some time to myself , ” She said.29.Why does BeChteI Prefer to go out for IUnch?A . To meet With her coworkers.B.To CatCh UP With her work.C.To have some time On her own.D.To collect data for her report.［解题思路］第一步确定题干中的关键词Prefer to go OUt , IUnCh第二步根据关键词定位信息句用Prefer to go OUt 禾口IUnCh 寻读，可以定位在第三段，在第三段找至U IjUSt Wanted Sometime to myself .第三步比对选项确定答案根据信息句可知，BeChtel更喜欢出去吃午饭的原因是想拥有自己的时间。
高考英语复习专题三阅读理解第一讲细节理解题课件2
Travel through 100 of the most unbelievable years in world history and learn why being a Roman Emperor wasn’t always as good as it sounds， how the Hundred Years’ War didn’t actually last for 100 years and why Spencer Perceval holds a rather unfortunate record. CHRONOLOGICA is an informative and entertaining tour into history， beautifully illustrated and full of unbelievable facts.While CHRONOLOGICA tells the stories of famous people in history such as Thomas Edison and Alexander the Great，this book also gives an account of the lives of lesser-known individuals including the explorer Mungo Park and sculptor Gutzon Borglum.
件，像“from the foundation of Rome to the creation of the Internet...tales of kings and
queens，hot air balloons...and monkeys in space...why being a Roman Emperor wasn’t
第一讲细节理解题.doc
攻克第一讲细节理解题Zachariah Fike has an unusual hobby.He finds old military军队的）medals for sale in antique stores and on the Internet.But unlike most collectors, Zac tracks down the medals ' rightful owners, and returns them.His effort to reunite families with lost medals began with a Christmas gift from his mother, a Purple Heart with the name Corrado A. G.Piccoli, found in an antique shop.Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Hear—he earned one himself in a war as a soldier.So whe n his mother gave him the medal, he knew right away what he had to do.Where did Zac get a Purple Heart medal for himself?A. In the army.B. In an antique shop.C. From his mother.D. From Adeline Rockko.答案A ［直接信息理解题。
根据题干知道关键词Zac和a Purple Heart medal可直接定位于第二段第二句Zac knows the meaning of a Purple Heart —he earned one himself in a war as a soldier可知，Zac知道紫心勋章的意义--- 他当兵时获得的。
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阅读理解第一讲细节理解题
1.全国卷3年高考统计表
[解题指导]
1．阅读短文和读题审题的先后顺序问题。
Passage→Questions→Passage这种答题模式有利于把握文章的主旨和作者的态度情感，但是速度较慢，不能在阅读过程中积极主动地预测文章内容，不能快速地把握题目和选项的关联性。
因此，阅读过程缺乏主观能动性。
Questions→Passage→Questions这种答题模式针对性较强，节省答题时间，可用来解答细节性的问题，但是对于主旨性和推断性问题显得效果不明显。
对于两种答题模式，可根据题型而做出选择，以提高答题效率。
2．准确定位阅读材料的题材和体裁，抓住正确选项和干扰选项的特征，把握短文材料的主旨大意，依照题目和自然段对应的关系，找出事实依据，排除绝对意义的语义选项，提高阅读速度和精确度。
1．特殊疑问句形式。
以when，where，what，which，who，how much/many等疑问词开头引出问题。
2．判断是非的形式。
含有TRUE/FALSE，NOT true/false或EXCEPT等词的判断是非的问题。
要注意题干中是否含有否定词，如not，never等。
3．以“According to...”开头的提问形式。
4．填空形式。
如The teacher used Tinkertoys in order to________。
一、细节理解题正确选项的特征
1．同义替换。
对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换。
如把lose one’s job换成了be out of work；有时候词性或者语态有所变化。
把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把important 改成of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，即主动语态与被动语态的转换。
2．语言简化。
把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。
3．正话反说。
把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。
二、细节理解题干扰选项的特征
1．张冠李戴。
是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容。
2．无中生有。
符合常识，但不是文章的内容。
3．曲解文意。
与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动。
4．颠倒是非。
在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。
5．正误参半。
部分正确，部分错误。
一、直接信息题——“关键词”定位法
首先从问题中找到“关键词”，然后以此为线索，运用略读和跳读的技巧在文中快速寻找“关键词”细节部分，找到后仔细阅读这一部分内容，仔细对比文中细节与所给选项的细微差别，然后确定最佳答案。
二、间接信息题——对号入座法和排除法
间接信息题属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。
命题者在出此类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的方法来迷惑考生，即对原句细微处做改动，截取原文词语或结构进行改造，因果倒置，把A观点说成B观点等。
所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是解题的关键。
常见干扰项的特点：
1.将原文内容扩大或缩小。
把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上
却是错误选项。
2.无中生有。
即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。
3.偷换概念。
把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，而所述细节却与原文一致，一不小心就会误选。
4.文不对题。
这类选项最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确实属于原文中的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。
5.符合常识，但不是文章内容。
6.部分正确，部分错误。
例如：Some of the world's most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music，its significance，and its potential as a unifying(联合)voice across cultures.
…
28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?
A．To remember the birth of jazz.
B．To protect cultural diversity.
C．To encourage people to study music.
D．To recognize the value of jazz.
(2016·全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解A片段)
…
Sandra Day O'Connor (1930－present)
When Sandra Day O'Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School，in 1952，she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ，in 1981，the first woman to join the U．S. Supreme Court. O'Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
…
22．What was the reason for O'Connor's being rejected by the law firm?
A．Her lack of proper training in law.
B．Her little work experience in court.
C．The discrimination against women.
D．The poor financial conditions.。