20186月大学英语六级考试真题及答案及解析(共三套)(20200629182740)
2018年6月英语六级详细参考答案(全三套)
2018年6月英语六级详细参考答案（全三套）2018年6月丨六级听力1听力第一套Section AConversation OneM: What's all that? Are you going to make a salad?W: No I'm going to make a gazpacho.M: What's that?W: Gazpacho is a cold soup from Spain. It’s mostly vegetables. I guess you could call it a liquid salad.M: Cold soup? Sounds weird.W: It's delicious. Trust me. I tried it for the first time during my summer vacation in Spain. You see, in the south of Spain, it gets very hot in the summer, up to 40°C.So acold gazpacho is very refreshing. The main ingredients are tomato, cucumber, bell peppers, olive oil and stale bread.M: Stale bread? Surely you mean bread for dipping into the soup?W: No. Bread is crushed and blended in like everything else. It adds texture and thickness to the soup.M: Mm. And is it healthy?W: Sure. As I said earlier it's mostly vegetables. You can also add different things if you like, such as hard-boiledegg or cured ham.M: Cured ham? What’s that?W: That's another Spanish delicacy. Have you never heard of it? It is quite famous. M: no, is it good too?W: Oh, yeah, definitely. It’s amazing. It’s a little dry and salty, and it's very expensive because it comes from a special type ofpigthat only eats a special type of food. The harm is covered in salt to dry and preserve it. And left to hang for up to 2 years, it has a very distinct flavor.M: Mm. Sounds interesting. Where can I find some?W: Itusedto be difficult to get Spanish produce here. But it's now a lot more common. Most large supermarket chains have cured ham in little packets but in Spain you combine a whole leg.M: A whole peg leg? Why would anybody want so much ham?W: In Spain, many people buy a whole leg for special group events, such as Christmas. They cut it themselves into very thin slices with a long flat knife.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. What do we learn about gazpacho?2. For what purpose is stale bread mixed into gazpacho?3. Why does the woman think gazpacho is healthy?4. What does the woman say about cured ham?Conversation TwoM: Hello, I wish to buy a bottle of wine.W: Hi, yes. What kind of wine would you like?M: I don't know, sorry. I don't know much about wine.W: That’s no problem at all. What’s the occasion and how much would you like to spend?M: It's for my boss. It’s his birthday. I know he likes wine, but I don't know what type.I also do not want anything too expensive, maybe mid-range. How much would you say is a mid-range bottle of wine approximately?W: Well, it varies greatly. Our lowest prices are around $6 a bottle, but those are table wines. They are not very special. And I would not suggest them as a gift. On the other end, our most expensive bottles are over $150. If you are looking for something priced in the middle, I would say anything between $30 and $60 would make a decent gift. How does that sound?M: Mm, yeah. I guess something in the vicinity of 30 or 40 would be good. Which type would you recommend?W: I would say the safest option is always a red wine. They are generally more popular than whites, and can usually be paired with food more easily. Our specialty here are Italian wines, and these tend to be fruity with medium acidity. This one here is a Chianti,which is perhaps Italy's most famous type of red wine. Alternatively, you may wish to try and surprise your boss with something less common, such as the Infantile. The grapes are originally native to Croatia but this winery is in east in Italy and it has a more spicy and peppery flavor. So to summarize, the Chianti is more classical and the Infantile more exciting. Both are similarly priced at just under $40.M: I will go with Chianti then. Thanks.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the woman think of table wines?6. What is the price range of wine the man will consider?7. Why does the woman recommend red wines?8. What do we learn about the wine the man finally bought?Section BPassage OneMany people enjoysecretcodes, the harder the code the more some people would try to figure it out. In war time, codes are especially important, they help army sendnews about battles and signs of enemy forces. Neither side wants its code broken by the other. One very important code was never broken, it was used during world war two by the Americans. It was spoken code, never written down and it was developed and used by NH Indians. They were called the NH code talkers. The NH created the codes in their own language. NH was hard to learn and only a few people know it. So it was pretty certain that the enemy would not be able to understand the code talkers. In addition, the talkers used code words. They called a submarine and an iron fish and a small bomb thrown by hand, a potato. If they wanted to spell something, they used code words for letters of the Alphabet. For instance, the letter A was ant orappleor ax, the code talkers worked mostly in the islands in the Pacific. One or two would be assigned a group of soldiers. They would send messages by field telephone to the code talker in the next group. And he would relay the information to his commander. The code talkers played an important part in several battles. They helped the troops coordinate their movements and attacks. After the war, the US governments honored them for what they had accomplished. Theirs was the most successful wartime codeever used.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9 . What does the speaker say many people enjoy doing?10.What do we learn about the NH talkers?11.What is the speaker mainly talking about?Passage TwoIf you are young and thinking about your career, you want to know where you can make a living, well, this going to be a technological replacement of a lot of knowledge intensive jobs in the next twenty years. Particularly in the two largest sectors of the labor force with professional skills. One is teaching, and the other, health care. You have so many applications and software and platforms, but going to come in and provide information and service in these two fields, which means a lot of health care and education sectors, would be radically changed, and lots of jobs will be lost. Now, where will the new jobs be found, well the one sector of the economy that can't be easily duplicated by even small technologies is the caring sector, the personal care sector, that is, you can't really get a robot to do a great massage or physical therapy. Or, you can't get the kind of personal attention you need with regard to therapy or any other personal service. There could be very high and personal services, therapist do charge a lot of money, I think there's no limit to the amount of personal attention and personal care, people would like if they could afford it. But, the real question in the future is, how come people afford these things if they don't have money, because they can't get a job that pays enough, that's why I wrote this book, which is about how to reorganize the economy for the future when technology brings about destructive changes, to what we used to consider high income work.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. What does the speaker say will happen in the next twenty years?13. Where will young people have more chances to find jobs?14. What does the speaker say about therapist?15. What is the speaker’s book about?Section CRecording OneAmerican researchers have discovered the world's oldest paved road, a 4,600-year-old highway. It linked a stone pit in the Egyptian desert to waterways that carried blocks to monument sites along the Nile. The eight-mile road is at least 500 years older than any previously discovered road. It is the only paved road discovered in ancient Egypt, said geologist Thomas Bown of the United States Geological Survey. He reported the discovery on Friday. "The road probably doesn't rank with the pyramids as a construction feat, but it is a major engineering achievement," said his colleague, geologist James Harrell of the University of Toledo. "Not only is the road earlier than we thought possible, we didn't even think theybuiltroads." The researchers also made a discovery in the stone pit at the northern end of the road: the first evidence that the Egyptians used rock saws. "This is the oldest example of saws being used for cutting stone," said Bown’s colleague James Hoffmeier of Wheaton College in Illinois. "That's two technologies we didn't know they had," Harrell said "And we don't know why they were both abandoned." The road was discovered in the Faiyum Depression, about 45 miles southwest of Cairo. Short segments of the road had been observed by earlier explorers, Bown said, but they failed to realize its significance or follow up on their observations. Bown and his colleagues stumbled across it while they were doing geological mapping in the region. The road was clearly built to provide services for the newly discovered stone pit. Bown and Harrell have found the camp that housed workers at the stone pit. The road appears today to go nowhere, ending in the middle of the desert. When it was built, its terminal was a dock on the shore of Lake Moeris, which had an elevation of about 66 feet above sea level, the same as the dock. Lake Moeris received its water from the annual floods of the Nile. At the time of the floods, the river and lake were at the same level and connected through a gap in the hills near the modern villages of el-Lahun and Hawara. Harrell and Bown believe that blocks were loaded onto barges during the dry season, then floated over to the Nile during the floods to be shipped off to the monument sites at Giza and Saqqara.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. What do we learn from the lecture about the world’s oldest paved road in Egypt?17. What did the researchers discover in the stone pit?18. For what purpose was the paved road built?Recording TwoThe thin, extremely sharp needles didn’t hurt at all going in. Dr. Gong pierced them into my left arm, around the elbow that had been bothering me. Other needles were slipped into my left wrist and, strangely, into my right arm, and then into both my closed eyelids.There wasn’t any discomfort, just a mild warming sensation. However, I did begin to wonder what had driven me here, to the office of Dr. James Gong, in New York’s Chinatown.Then I remembered－－the torturing pain in that left elbow. Several trips to a hospital and two expensive, uncomfortable medical tests had failed to produce even a diagnosis.“Maybe you lean on your left arm too much,”the doctor concluded, suggesting I see a bone doctor.During the hours spent waiting in vain to see a bone doctor, I decided to take another track and tryacupuncture. A Chinese-American friend recommended Dr. Gong. I took the subway to Gong’s second-floor office, marked with a hand-painted sign.Dr. Gong speaks English, but not often. Most of my questions to him were greeted with a friendly laugh, but I managed to let him know where my arm hurt. He asked me to go into a room, had me lie down on a bed, and went to work. In the next room, I learned, a woman dancer was also getting a treatment. As I lay there a while, I drifted into a dream-like state and fantasized about what she looked like.Acupuncturists today are as likely to be found on Park Avenue as on Mott Street. In all there are an estimated 10,000 acupuncturists in the country. Nowadays, a lot of M.D.s have learned acupuncture techniques; so have a number of dentists. Reason? Patient demand. Few, though, can adequately explain how acupuncture works. Acupuncturists may say that the body has more than 800 acupuncture points. A life force called qi circulates through the body. Points on the skin are energetically connected to specific organs, body structures and systems. Acupuncture points are stimulated to balance the circulation of qi.The truth is, though acupuncture is at least 2,200 years old,“nobody really knows what’s happening,”says Paul Zmiewski, a Ph.D. in Chinese studies who practices acupuncture in Philadelphia.After five treatments, there has been dramatic improvement in my arm, and the pain is a fraction of what it was. The mainly silent Dr. Gong finally even offered a diagnosis for what troubled me.“Pinched nerve,”he said.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. What does the speaker find especially strange?20. Why did the speaker go see Dr. Gong?21. What account for the growing popularity ofacupuncturein the United States, according to the speaker?Recording ThreeRonald and Lois married for two decades considered themselves a happy couple. But in the early years of their marriage both were distilled by persistent arguments that seem to fade away without ever being truly resolved. They uncovered clues to what was going wrong by researching a fascinating subject. How birth order affects not only your personality but also how compatible you are with your mate. Ronald and Lois are only children and onlies grow up accustomed to being the apple of parents’ eyes. Match two onlies and you have partners to sub consciously expect each other to continue fulfilling this expectation while neither has much experience in the giving and here's a list of common birth order characteristics and some thoughts on the best and worst Marischal matches for each. The oldest tends to be self-assured, responsible, a high achiever and relatively seriously reserved. He may be slow to make friends. Perhaps content with only one companion. The best matches are with a youngest and only or a mate raised in a large family. The worst match is with another oldest since the two will be too sovereign to share a household comfortably. The youngest child of the family thrives on the tension and tends to be outgoing, adventurous, optimistic, creative and less ambitious than others in the family. He may lack self-discipline and have difficulty making decisions on his own. A youngest brother of brothers often unpredictable and romantic will match best with an oldest sister of brothers. Theyoungest sister of brothers is best matched with the oldest brother of sisters who will happily indulge these traits. The middle child is influenced by many variables however middles are less likely to take initiative and more anxious and self-critical than others. Middles often successfully marry other middles. Since both are strong on tact not so strong on the aggressiveness and tend to crave affection. The only child is often most comfortable when alone. But since an only tends to be a well-adjusted individual she'll eventually learn to relate to any chosen spouse. The male only child expects his wife to make life easier without getting much in return. He is sometimes best matched with the younger sister of brothers. The female only child who tends to be slightly more flexible is well matched with an older man who will indulge her tendency to test his love—her worst much. Another only of course.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. What does the speaker say about Ronald and Lois's early years of married life?23. What do we learn about Ronald and Lois?24. What does the speaker say about the oldest child in the family?25. What does the speaker say about the only children?参考答案：BADCB ADDCA CBCAB DABDC .ACADB2听力第二套Section AConversation One1. D) She is the owner of a special cafe.2. A) They bear a lot of similarities.3. A) By giving them regular cleaning and injections.4. C) They love the animal in her cafe.Conversation Two5. D) It is mostly garbage.6. B) TV commercials.7. C) Trying to trick children into buying their products.8. C) They seldom had junk foodSection BPassage One9. C）Tombs of ancient rulers.10. B) It’s hardly associated with great civilizations.11. A ) It carries about one fifth of the world’s fresh water. Passage Two12.B) We are always in a rush to do various things.13. C) She was accustomed to tight schedules.14. D) Reading a book about slowing down.15. B) She came to enjoy everyday tasks.Section CRecording One16. C) They pose a threat to the local ecosystem.17. D) Their distinctions are artificial.18. A) Only a few of them cause problems to native species. Recording Two19. A）Respect their traditional culture.20. C) Drinking alcohol on certain days of a month.21.D) They have a break from 2:00 to 5:30.Recording Three22. D) He had the company’s bedroom extensively renovated.23. B) Its articles should be short and inspiring.24 D) He treated the employees like members of his family.25 C) Several hundred of its employees got fired.2018年6月丨六级阅读1阅读第一套Section A开头：Scientists26. K) puzzled27. M) removed28. A) chronicles29. L) remnants30. F) maximum31. D) fascinates32. I) perfect33. J) precision34. E) hypothesis35. O) slightlySection B标题：Peer presure36-40 HCLJG 41-45 AIFKDSection CPassage One开头：The Ebno Dleta46．C) Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.答案出处：…during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies…47. D) Using one evil to combat the other.答案出处：The most promising stragy has become to harness one foe against the other.48. C) Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.答案出处：…the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fight against climate change, But the sanil has given the project greater urgency.49．B) It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.答案出处：For now, the giantapplesnial's presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. "The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when."50. A) Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.答案出处：Asan EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countires. Each team is crossbredding a local European short-grain rice with a long-term Asian varity that carrises the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successivee generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European rice genome (基因组)。
2018 年 6 月英语六级考试真题(第三套)(含答案)(Word精校版)
2018 年6 月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第3 套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on theimportance ofbuilding trust between businesses and consumers. You can citeexamples to illustrate yourviews. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)说明：由于2018 年6 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2 套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence tobuild domesticrobots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies,Tesla Motors andSpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and ___26___ humans to live on otherplanets. This sounds like so much hot air, butthe near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneurhas ___27___ comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are ___28___ about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will oneday become so ___29___ that they'll murder all of us. Thesefears are mostly ___30___: aswith hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough tomanage these problems with speed and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could,___31___, belike having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that required ___32___intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk's imagined machine, at least someone to chopthe carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn.Once purchased and trained, this would allowthe ___33___ user to save money and time, freeing up ___34___ space in our busy lives toread a good book.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk's latest ___35___, and wish him well. As long as robotsadd to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and createtime to read world-classjournalism, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will neverdo.A) amassed B) casual C) emotional D enabling E) eventually F) exaggerated G)extravagant H) generously I) misleading J) precious K) reward L) smart M) sphere N)terrified O) ventureSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA) As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the right college.I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placementtest preparation courses. Ijuggled (尽力应付) cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church's youthgroup and drama team. I didn't drink, party, or even do much dating. The right college, Ithought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn't haveto be the Ivy League, but itneeded to be a "top school."B) Looking back now, nine years later, I can't remember exactly what it was about theseuniversities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared morerigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line?Maybe."I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition," notes M arybethGasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. "I don'tnecessarily think that's a reason to go to one."C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not tomention a bitsnobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculumsto be automatically inferior to northeastern orwestern counterparts. Instead, I dreamed ofliving in New York City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York University's (NYU)campus. Duringthe tour, tuition fees were discussed.(NYU is consistently ranked one of thecountry's most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $ 64,000 ayear.) Up until then, Ihadn't truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over thenext few months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn't evenafford the ones where I'd been accepted. City University of New York (CUNY), RutgersUniversity, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and theUniversity of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-ofstate fees. Further complicating mycollege search was a flourishing track career—I wanted to keep running but my timesweren't quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.D) And so, at 11 pm on the night of Georgia State University's (GSU) midnight deadline, Iapplied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes' Lists Top Colleges, No.183 in ResearchUniversities, and No.108 in the South, I can't say it was my top choice. Still, the trackcoach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus ad ecent consolation prize after New York City.E) While it may have been practical, it wasn't prestigious. But here's the thi ng: I loved my"lower-tier" (低层次的) university.(I use the term "low-tier" cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded researc h institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all overth e country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools an d getting thebest grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future . But what if lower-tiercolleges and universities were the ticket to escaping th e rat race? After all, where else canyou leave school with a decent degree—b ut without a lifetime of debt?F) My school didn't come prepackaged like the more popular options, so we were left to takecare of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no onewas championing for us to succeed in. What I'm saying is, I loved my university because ittaught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded schola rship calledHOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started c ollege, the HOPEscholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered t o graduating high school seniorswith a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during highschool, supplemented by a sm all college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and amodest savings ac count my parents created when I was born.H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues a nd competitorshave more glamorous alma maters (母校) than I do. As a journalist, I have competed againstNYU, Columbia, and No rtheastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer hasever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I've e verhad was due to a connection—one that I've gained through pure determi nation, not a schoolbrand.I) According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelor's in 2012 have anaverage monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduatedin 2004. Ultimately, that's the thing universities do n't want to admit. Private universities aremoney-making institutions. If you ca n afford to buy prestige, that's your choice. For the restof us, however, our h earty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J) Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates: na mely, strongalumni networks, star faculty, and a résuméboost. But you nee dn't attend an Ivy Leagueschool to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the for mer CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis arealumni of my college, as well as VI CE's first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successfulpeople tend to be successful no matter where they go to school, and lower-tier schools canhave alu mni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tie r schoolalumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recog nize that you didn'tnecessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be m ore willing to offer career help,because your less famous school denotes that , like them, you are also full of energy andperseverance.K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, i n which collegegraduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12 th grade were compared tothose who applied to slightly less selective schoo ls. They found that students with morepotential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where theywent to school.L) Likewise, star faculty are not always found where you'd expect. Big name s chools are notnecessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professor s split teaching time betweenmultiple colleges and/or universities. This mea ns, for instance, a CUNY student couldreasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professoras they would if they were enrolled in the same class at NYU.M) It's possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particulareducational résumé, but it's no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in TheAtlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluatinggraduates for hire, beaten out by top fa ctors like internships, employment during college,college major, volunteer ex perience, and extracurriculars.N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to suc ceed becausethey are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I co uld do it again, I'd still makethe same choice. Today I'm debt-free, resourcef ul—and I understand that even theshiniest packaging can't predict what you'll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expe nses and booksat college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying tochoose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduate's salary is determined by their pot ential, not theuniversity they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities app ear a lot better.41. None of the author's job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious u niversity.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took partin variousextracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses. 44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twentyyears ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recentreport by theCensus Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015.Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on auseful, but flawed andincomplete, statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census's measure arethat:1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided healthinsurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured,income data exclude important determinants of economic wellbeing, such as the hours ofwork needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by CharlesJones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare.While by no means perfect, it is considerably morecomprehensive than average income,taking into account not only growth inconsumption per person but also changes in workingtime, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economicperformance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we wantto compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe: real consumption per person in France wasonly 60% ashigh as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off thanthe French on average. However, that comparisonomits other relevant factors: leisuretime, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retireearlier, so typically workfewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumablyreflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income andconsumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of thesedifferences, comparing France's consumption with the U.S.'s overstates the gap in economicwelfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. Forexample, thiscalculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, butestimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy's performance over time.According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economicwelfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic we lfare in the U.S. has continued toimprove. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare ismulti-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in pri nciple other importantquality-of-life changes could be incorporated-for exa mple, decreases in total emissions ofpollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics.B) It reflects the economic changes.C) It evidences the improved-welfare.D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people's livelihood.C) It focuses on people's consumption rather than their average income.D) It is a more comprehensive measure of people's economic well-being.48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U. S. interms of real consumption per person?A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.B) It neglected many important indicators of people's welfare.C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?A) It can accurately pinpoint a country's current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people's awareness of their economic well-being.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country's slowing pace of economic impr ovement.D) It can compare a country's economic conditions between different periods of time.50) What can we infer from the passage about American people's economic well-being?A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s. Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you've ever started a sentence with,"If I were you..." or found yourself scratching yourhead at a colleague's agon y over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there's ascientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become depleted over thecourse of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone elseis an enjoyable task that doesn't suffer the same pitfalls. The problem is "decision fatigue," a psychological phenomenon that takes a toll on thequality of your choices after a long day of decision making, sa ys Evan Polman, a leadingpsychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely toprescribe antibiotics to patients when it's unwise to do so. "Presumably it's because it'ssimple and easy to write a prescription and con sider a patient case closed rather thaninvestigate further," Polman says.But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for som eone else.When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their ow n choices as belonging tosomeone else, they feel less tired and rely less on d ecision shortcuts to make those choices."By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer theconsequences of decision fatigue," he says."It's as if there's something fun and liberatingabout making someone else's c hoice."Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought pr ocess; it oftenalso includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it c an be quite good, says Polman."When people experience decision fatigue-when they are tired of making ch oices—theyhave a tendency to choose to go with the status quo (现状)," he says."But the status quocan be problematic, since a change in the course of acti on can sometimes be important andlead to a positive outcome."In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is al most alwaysessential."People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do not hingover something," he says,"That's not to say that risk is always good, but it is related totaking action9w hereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagrin(懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfo rtunatelyhindered."Just because you can make good choices for others doesn't mean you'll do th e same foryourself, Polman cautions."Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries forothers than the y do for themselves," he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.51. What does the author say about people making decisions?A) They may become exhausted by making too many decisions for themselve s.B) They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselve s.C) They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.D) They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.52. What does the example about the physicians illustrate?A) Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.B) Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients' health.C) Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.D) Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.53. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A) When they take decision shortcuts.B) When they help others to make decisions.C) When they have major decisions to make.D) When they have advisers to turn to.54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A) They turn to physicians for advice.B) They tend to make risky decisions.C) They adopt a totally new perspective.D) They refrain from trying anything new.55. What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A) It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.B) It is likely to entail serious consequences.C) It will enable people to be more creative.D) It will more often than not end in regret.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案系列全3套
2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案全3套目录2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案-1...... 1-18页2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案-2......19-36页2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案-3......37-55页2018年6月大学英语六级真题与参考答案-1Part 1 writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.范文示例：The relationship between employers and employees is based on the labor contract that they have signed together. However, if this relationship is to develop well and the two sides intend to achieve success through cooperation, trust has to be built between employers and employees.On the one hand, employers should communicate their vision, mission and code of ethics to their employees in order to inspire employees´trust in the company: On the other hand, employees should strictly comply with company or industry rules and regulations. Otherwise, any irregular or deceitful practice will easily destroy the trust between employers and employees. In fact, trust is the foundation on which companies are built. Without trust, no company will be able to survive, and no individual can fully explore his or her potential.Both employers and employees should bear in mind that trust is not built overnight. It requires months, even years of hard work, and yet it may be still very fragile. The trust between employers and employees needs to be nurtured and protected by both sides carefully.Part ⅡSection A Directions：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．During the pause，you must read the four choices marked A) ，B) ，C) and D) ，and decide which is the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre．。
2018年6月大学英语六级CET6真题试卷及详细答案精品版(三套全)
2018年6月大学英语六级CET6真题试卷及详细答案精品版（三套全）目录2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷一详细答案 (1)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（一） (49)快速对答案 (64)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（二） (64)快速对答案 (79)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷二详细答案 (80)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（三） (131)快速对答案 (141)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷三详细答案 (141)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷一详细答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees.You can cite examples to illustrate your views.you should write at least150words but no more than200words.【解析】写作题考察了同学们的写作能力，要求在30分钟内完成，时间有限，因此在备战英语四级的时候，平时应积累一些模版，多背一些精彩的句子，在平时的练习中，应该在20分钟内完成一篇不少于150词的作文，下面给出以下几点建议：一，写作中，字体要工整，改卷老师在批改四级作文的时候，由于任务量大，再加上批改时视觉疲劳，不可能对每一篇作文都看得那么仔细，有时候就凭卷面的第一印象打分，因此字体美观大方能提高作文的分数；二，注意段落结构，写作时，应带有题目，一般分三段进行，第一段总体概述，引出正文，第二段详细阐述文档内容，要分条理进行，比如，firstly，secondly，等，正文一般4-6句话阐述完毕，第三段总结正文部分，回归主题。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷三及详细答案（精品）
2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷三及详细答案（精品）2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷三及详细答案（精品）⽬录2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷三详细答案 (1)2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷（三） (54)快速对答案 (69)2018年6⽉⼤学英语六级真题试卷三详细答案Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半⼩时内完成该部分，之后将进⾏听⼒考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【解析】写作题考察了同学们的写作能⼒，要求在30分钟内完成，时间有限，因此在备战英语六级的时候，平时应积累⼀些模版，多背⼀些精彩的句⼦，在平时的练习中，应该在20分钟内完成⼀篇不少于150词的作⽂，下⾯给出以下⼏点建议：⼀，写作中，字体要⼯整，改卷⽼师在批改六级作⽂的时候，由于任务量⼤，再加上批改时视觉疲劳，不可能对每⼀篇作⽂都看得那么仔细，有时候就凭卷⾯的第⼀印象打分，因此字体美观⼤⽅能提⾼作⽂的分数；⼆，注意段落结构，写作时，应带有题⽬，⼀般分三段进⾏，第⼀段总体概述，引出正⽂，第⼆段详细阐述⽂档内容，要分条理进⾏，⽐如，firstly，secondly，等，正⽂⼀般4-6句话阐述完毕，第三段总结正⽂部分，回归主题。
三，写作要注重语法结构，不要出现明显的语法错误，否则扣分较多，影响总体成绩。
四，遇到不会写的词，要⽤其他相关的词语表达。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案(三套全)
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（三套全）目录2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一） (1)快速对答案 (16)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（二） (16)快速对答案 (31)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（三） (32)快速对答案 (42)2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（一）Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees.You can cite examples to illustrate your views.you should write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
18年6月六级第3套答案详解
2018年6月大学英语六级真题答案详解(第3套)PartⅠWriting(30minutes) The Importance of Building Trust Between Business and CustomersRecently,I saw a cartoon on the Internet.The cartoon shows a cigarette shop owner and a customer who is buying cigarettes.The customer is holding the cigarette,doubting about the quality of the bargain.The seller is holding100yuan,worrying the bill is counterfeit.It reflects a serious social problem—the trust crisis between the customers and the businesses.The main reason for this phenomenon is the constant exposure of fake products by the media.To solve this problem,first we should call on the whole society to realize the value of honesty and credibility to economic development.Second,the government should formulate strict laws and regulations to punish counterfeiting.Meanwhile,the mass media and education departments should play an active role in restoring trust among people.Finally,everyone should raise their own moral standards and have the courage to trust others.Trust is the bridge between heart and heart,and it also has the magic power for people to communicate with each other.When consumers and businesses have established a trusting relationship,the society will be more harmonious and beautiful.原文翻译：在企业和客户之间建立信任的重要性最近，我在网上看到了一幅漫画。
20186月大学英语六级考试真题及答案及解析(共三套)
2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(第一套)Part I Writi ng (30 min utes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend avocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Whether to Atte nd a Vocatio nal College or a Uni versity?It ' s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encoun ter the choices betwee n a vocati onal college and a uni versity. And whe n it comes to this question, students ' ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration,my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instanee, a vocational college specializes in cultivating humanresources with practical capabilities; while a university servesas the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow thathigh school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their stre ngths whilst circumve nt weak nesses. In additi on, in terest is the best teacher and it ' s also the premise of learning on one' s own initiative. Thus interest mustbe taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professi on ally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the in terest of on eself. Only the n can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Liste ning Comprehe nsion (30 minu tes)Sectio n ADirections: In this secti on, you will hear two long con versatio ns. At the end of each con versati on, you will hear four questi ons. Both the con versati on and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 1 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel in sulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappo in ted.【答案】A【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。
2018年6月英语六级真题答案及解析(卷三)
2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第3套）Part I Writing审题思路：这是一篇六级考试中常见的议论文。
此次话题——企业和消费者之间的信任是考生日常生活中熟悉的话题，因此写起来并不难。
考生应该将重点放在第二段阐述企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性上，并联系三鹿奶粉事件分析企业失信带来的严重后果。
全文翻译：企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性如今，在日趋商业化和数字化的时代背景下，企业和消费者之间相互信任的关系显得尤为重要。
在我看来，企业在这种信任关系的建立中应该起主导作用：对消费者诚实。
首先，如果企业失信于消费者，那么消费者就会对其商品和服务缺乏购买信心，这将会给企业带来巨大的经济损失。
更严重的是，失信带来的不良副作用会危及企业的发展，并令其难以翻身。
三鹿奶粉公司的倒闭就是一个例证。
而且，此次毒奶粉事件给整个奶粉市场带来了毁灭性的后果。
此外，由于假货泛滥，越来越多的消费者对国内的商品失去了信心，他们别无选择，只能将目光投向海外品牌，这也是网上海淘在中国越来越受欢迎的原因之一。
因此，为了促进整个社会经济的健康发展，我们是时候强调企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性了。
PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A全文翻译：当埃隆·马斯克宣布他最新优先考虑的事是使用人工智能制造家用机器人时，我们应该满怀钦佩之情期待着它的到来。
马斯克先生是能帮把事情干成的人。
他是两家科技术公司特斯拉电动汽车公司和太空探索技术公司的创始人，他正在将电动汽车引入大众市场，并（26）使人们能在其他行星上生活。
这听起来是在说大话，但这位企业家（27）积累的将近130亿美元的财富来自于他的实际成就而非假想。
很多聪明人（28）害怕人工智能，担心有一天机器人会变得如此（29）聪明，以至于它们像将灭全人类。
这些恐惧大多（30）言过其实：就像对转基因的非理性恐惧一样，其实一般来讲，我们人类足够英明，能够快速小心地处理好这些问题。
2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题及部分答案
2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【参考范文】It is universally acknowledged that trust is one of the most valuable assets for interpersonal communication. However, it is not uncommon to have misunderstanding and generation gap between teachers and students. with the current trend of communication becoming necessary and indispensable in this ever-changing modern society, building trust is of great significance.In order to set up the credibility between teachers and students, on the one hand, as teachers, weshould sincerely deal with the studen ts’ problems and difficulties, comprehending their necessities.On the other hand, as students, it is necessary that more understanding and respect should begiven. Becoming good friends to have the trans-positional consideration each other canbuilda harmonious atmosphere.Only in this way, would the relationship of trust between teachers and students be established effectively. When students encounter the difficulties and problems, they would be willing to turn to their respected teachers, whereby the education development in our country could have a further step.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)暂缺选项PartⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live on other planets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one day become so 29 that they’ll murder all of us. These fears are mostly 30 : as with hysteria about genetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems with speed and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, 31 , be like having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one--or, if that required 32 intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at least someone to chop the carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to save money and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to read a good book.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to readworld-class journalism, we should be their fans. Especially since journalism is one job robots will never do.A)amassedB)casualC)emotionalD)enablingE)eventuallyF)exaggeratedG)extravagantH)generouslyI)misleadingJ)preciousK)rewardL)smartM)sphereN)terrifiedO)venture【参考答案】26. D. enabling27. A. amassed28. N.terrified29. L. smart30. F. exaggerated31. E. eventually32. C. emotional33. B. casual34. J. precious35. O. venture Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA) As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into the right college. I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. I juggled （尽力应付）cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church’s youth group and drama team. I didn’t drink, party, or even do much dating. The right college, I thought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn’t have to be the Ivy League, but it needed to be “top school.”B) Looking back now, nine years later, I can’t remember exactly what it was about these universities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I hoped would open doors down the line? Maybe. “I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition,” notes Marybeth Gasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylvania. “I don’t necessarily think that’s a reason to go to one.”C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bit snobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern schools, believing their curriculums to be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed of living in New York City and my parents obliged me with a visit to New York University’s (NYU) campus. During the tour, tuition fees were discusse d. (NYU is consistently ranked one of the country’s most expensive schools, with room and board costs totaling upwards of $64,000 a year.) Up until then, I hadn’t truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over the next few months, I realized n ot only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn’t even afford the ones where I’d been accepted. City University of New York (CUNY), Rutgers University, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Mississippi State and the University of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicating my college search was a flourishing stack career—I wanted to keep running but my times weren’t quite fast enough to secure a scholarship.D) And so, at 11pm on the night of Georgia State Univ ersity’s (GSU) midnight deadline, I applied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes’ Lists Top Colleges, No. 183 in Research Universities, and No. 108 in the South, I can’t say it was my top choice. Still, the track coach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a decent consolation prize after New York City.E) While it may have been practical, it wasn’t prestigious, But here’s the thing: I loved my “lower-tier” (低层次的) university. (I use the term “low-tier” cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded research institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all over the country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools and getting the best grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future. But what if lower-tier colleges and universities were the ticket to escaping the rat race? After all, where else can you leave school with a decent degree—but without a lifetime of debt?F) My school didn’t come pre-packaged like the more popular options, so we were left to take care of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no one was championing for us to succeed in. What I’m saying is, I loved my university because it taught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded scholarship called HOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started college, the HOPE scholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered to graduating high school seniors with a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during high school, supplemented by a small college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings account my parents created when I was born.H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues and competitors have more glamorous alma maters（母校）than I do. As a journalist, I have competed against NYU, Columbia, and Northeastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer has ever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I’ve ever had was due to a connection—one that I’ve gained through pure determination, not a school brand.I) According to The Bosto n Globe, students who earned their bachelor’s in 2012 have an average monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduated in 2004. Ultimately, that’s the thing universities don’t want to admit. Private universities are money-making institutions. If you can afford to buy prestige, that’s your choice. For the rest of us, however, our hearty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J) Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates; namely, strong alumni networks, star faculty, and a résumé boost. But you needn’t attend an Ivy League school to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the former CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis are alumni of my college, as well as VICE’s first femaleeditor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successful people tend to be successful no matter where they go to school. And lower-tier schools can have alumni networks just as strong astheir big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tier school alumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recognize that you didn’t necessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be more willing to offer career help, because your less famous school denotes that, like them., you are also full of energy and perseverance.K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, in which college graduates, who applied to the most selective schools in the 12th grade were compared to those who applied to slightly less selective schools. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where they went to school.L) Likewise, star faculty is not always found where you’d expect. Big name schools are not necessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professors split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This means, for instance, a CUNY student could reasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professor as they would if they were enrolled in the same class at NYU. M) It’s possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational résumé, but it’s no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in The Atlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluating graduates for hire, beaten out by top factors like internships, employment during college, college major, volunteer experience, and extracurriculars.N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to succeed because they are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I could do it again, I’d still make the same choice. Today I’m debt-free, resourceful—and I understand that even the shiniest packaging can’t predict what you’ll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expenses and books at college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying to choose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduate’s salary is determined by their potential, not the university they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear a lot better.41. None o f the author’s job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious university.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.【参考答案】46. [J] 题干：Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.47. [G] 题干：The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expenses and books at college.48. [C] 题干：The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying to choose a university to attend.49. [K] 题干：A recent study found that a graduate’s salary is determined by their potential, not the university they attended.50. [B] 题干：The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities appear a lot better.51. [H] 题干：None of the author’s job interviewers cared which college she went to.52. [N] 题干：The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious university.53. [A] 题干：In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses.54. [E] 题干：The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expensive.55. [I] 题干：Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) , C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, which found that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015. Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among th e more significant problems with the Census’s measure are that: 1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation likeemployer-provided health insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precisely measured, income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income, taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance both across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want to compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe, real consumption per person in France was only 60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically much better off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. The French take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of these differences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gap in economic welfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97% of U.S. levels, but estimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve. However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions of pollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics.B) It reflects the economic changes.C) It evidences the improved welfare.D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people’s livelihood.C) It focuses on people’s consumption rather that their average income.D) I t is a more comprehensive measure of people’s economic well-being.48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.B) It neglected many important indicators of people’s welfare.C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?A）It can accurate ly pinpoint a country’s current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people’s awareness of their economic well-being.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country’s slowing pace of economic improvement.D) It can compare a country’s economic conditions between different periods of time.50. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economicwell-being?A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.暂缺。
2018年6月英语六级考试真题及答案(第3套)
2018年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第3套)Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on the importance ofbuilding trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate yourviews. You should write at least 150 words but n o more than 200 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes)说明：由于2018年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the cor responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. When Elon Musk says that his new priority is using artificial intelligence to build domestic robots, we should look forward to the day in admiration. Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two tech companies, Tesla Motors andSpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and __ _26___ humans to live on otherplanets. This sounds like so much hot air, but the near $13 billion fortune this entrepreneur has ___27___ comes from practical achievements rather than hypothetical ones.A lot of clever people are ___28___ about artificial intelligence, fearing tha t robots will oneday become so ___29___ that they'll murder all of us. These fears are mostly ___30___: aswith hysteria about genetic modification, w e humans are generally wise enough tomanage these problems with speed an d care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could, ___31___, belike having a babysitter and a nurse rolled into one—or, if that r equired ___32___intelligence beyond the power of Mr. Musk's imagined ma chine, at least someone to chopthe carrots, wash the car and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allowthe ___33___ user to save mon ey and time, freeing up ___34___ space in our busy lives toread a good book. That is why we welcome Mr. Musk's latest ___35___, and wish him well. As lo ng as robotsadd to the sum of human happiness, reduce suffering, and create time to read world-classjournalism, we should be their fans. Especially since j ournalism is one job robots will neverdo.A) amassed B) casual C) emotional D enabling E) eventually F) exaggerat ed G)extravagant H) generously I) misleading J) precious K) reward L) s mart M) sphere N)terrified O) ventureSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.In the real world, nobody cares that you went to an Ivy League schoolA) As a high school junior, everything in my life revolved around getting into t he right college.I diligently attended my SAT, ACT, and Advanced Placement test preparation courses. Ijuggled (尽力应付) cross-country and track schedules, newspaper staff, and my church's you thgroup and drama team. I didn't drink, party, or even do much dating. The ri ght college, Ithought, was one with prestige, one with a name. It didn't have to be the Ivy League, but itneeded to be a "top school."B) Looking back now, nine years later, I can't remember exactly what it was a bout theseuniversities that made them seem so much better. Was it a curriculum that appeared more rigorous, perhaps? Or an alumni network that I h oped would open doors down the line?Maybe."I do think there are advantages to schools with more recognition," notes M arybethGasman, a professor of higher education at the University of Pennsylv ania. "I don'tnecessarily think that's a reason to go to one."C) In reflection, my firm belief in the power of the brand was naive, not to mention a bitsnobby. I quickly passed over state schools and southern school s, believing their curriculumsto be automatically inferior to northeastern or western counterparts. Instead, I dreamed ofliving in New York City and my p arents obliged me with a visit to New York University's (NYU)campus. During the tour, tuition fees were discussed.(NYU is consistently ranked one of thecountry's most expensive schools, wit h room and board costs totaling upwards of $ 64,000 ayear.) Up until then, I hadn't truly realized just how expensive an education can be. Over thenext fe w months, I realized not only could I not afford my dream school, I couldn't e venafford the ones where I'd been accepted. City University of New York (CU NY), RutgersUniversity, and Indiana University were out of reach as were Miss issippi State and theUniversity of Alabama, where I would have to pay out-of-state fees. Further complicating mycollege search was a flourishing track car eer—I wanted to keep running but my timesweren't quite fast enough to sec ure a scholarship.D) And so, at 11 pm on the night of Georgia State University's (GSU) midnigh t deadline, Iapplied online. Rated No.466 overall on Forbes' Lists Top Colleges, No.183 in ResearchUniversities, and No.108 in the South, I can't say it was my top choice. Still, the trackcoach had offered me a walk-on spot, and I actually found the urban Atlanta campus a d ecent consolation prize after New York City.E) While it may have been practical, it wasn't prestigious. But here's the thi ng: I loved my"lower-tier" (低层次的) university.(I use the term "low-tier" cautiously, because GSU is a well-regarded researc h institution that attracts high quality professors and faculty from all overth e country.) We are taught to believe that only by going to the best schools an d getting thebest grades can we escape the rat race and build a better future . But what if lower-tiercolleges and universities were the ticket to escaping th e rat race? After all, where else canyou leave school with a decent degree—but without a lifetime of debt?F) My school didn't come prepackaged like the more popular options, so we were left to takecare of ourselves, figuring out city life and trying to complete degree programs that no onewas championing for us to succeed in. What I'm saying is, I loved my university because ittaught us all to be resourceful and we could make what we wanted out of it.G) I was lucky enough to have my tuition covered by a lottery-funded schola rship calledHOPE (Helping Outstanding Pupils Educationally). When I started c ollege, the HOPEscholarship was funded by the state of Georgia and offered t o graduating high school seniorswith a GPA of 3.0 or higher. Living costs and books I paid for with money earned during highschool, supplemented by a sm all college fund my deceased grandfather left for me and a modest savings ac count my parents created when I was born.H) So what about all that name recognition? Sure, many of my colleagues a nd competitorshave more glamorous alma maters (母校) than I do. As a journalist, I have competed againstNYU, Columbia, and No rtheastern graduates for jobs. And yet, not a single interviewer hasever asked me about my educational background. In fact, almost every interview I've e verhad was due to a connection—one that I've gained through pure determi nation, not a school brand.I) According to The Boston Globe, students who earned their bachelor's in 2012 have anaverage monthly loan payment of $312, which is one-third more than those who graduatedin 2004. Ultimately, that's the thing universities do n't want to admit. Private universities aremoney-making institutions. If you ca n afford to buy prestige, that's your choice. For the restof us, however, our h earty lower-tiered universities are just fine, thank you.J) Wealthy universities talk up the benefits their name will give graduates: na mely, strongalumni networks, star faculty, and a résuméboost. But you nee dn't attend an Ivy Leagueschool to reap those rewards. Ludacris and the for mer CEO of Bank of America Ken Lewis arealumni of my college, as well as VI CE's first female editor-in-chief, Ellis Jones. Successfulpeople tend to be succ essful no matter where they go to school, and lower-tier schools canhave alu mni networks just as strong as their big name counterparts. In fact, lower-tie r schoolalumni networks are arguably stronger, because fellow alumni recog nize that you didn'tnecessarily have an easy path to follow. They might be m ore willing to offer career help,because your less famous school denotes that, like them, you are also full of energy and perseverance.K) The Washington Post reported on a recent study by Princeton economists, i n which collegegraduates who applied to the most selective schools in the 12 th grade were compared tothose who applied to slightly less selective schoo ls. They found that students with more potential earned more as adults, and the reverse held true as well, no matter where theywent to school.L) Likewise, star faculty are not always found where you'd expect. Big name s chools are notnecessarily the best places for professors; plus, many professor s split teaching time between multiple colleges and/or universities. This mea ns, for instance, a CUNY student couldreasonably expect to receive the same quality of instruction from a prestigious professoras they would if they we re enrolled in the same class at NYU.M) It's possible that some hiring managers may be drawn to candidates with a particular educational résumé, but it's no guarantee. According to a 2012 survey described in TheAtlantic, college reputation ranked lowest in relative importance of attributes in evaluatinggraduates for hire, beaten out by top fa ctors like internships, employment during college,college major, volunteer ex perience, and extracurriculars.N) Maybe students who choose less prestigious universities are bound to suc ceed becausethey are determined to. I tend to think so. In any case, if I co uld do it again, I'd still makethe same choice. Today I'm debt-free, resourcef ul—and I understand that even theshiniest packaging can't predict what yo u'll find on the inside.36. Modest institutions can also have successful graduates and strong alumni networks.37. The money the author made in high school helped pay for her living expe nses and booksat college.38. The author came to see how costly college education could be when she was trying tochoose a university to attend.39. A recent study found that a graduate's salary is determined by their pot ential, not theuniversity they attended.40. The author cannot recall for sure what made certain top universities app ear a lot better.41. None of the author's job interviewers cared which college she went to.42. The author thinks she did the right thing in choosing a less prestigious u niversity.43. In order to be admitted to a prestigious university, the author took part in various extracurricular activities and attended test preparation courses. 44. The author liked her university which was not prestigious but less expen sive.45. Colleges are reluctant to admit that graduates today are in heavier debt.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Economically speaking, are we better off than we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?In their thirst for evidence on this issue, commentators seized on the recent report by theCensus Bureau, which found that average household income ros e by 5.2% in 2015.Unfortunately, that conclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete, statistic. Among the more significant pro blems with the Census's measure arethat:1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided he alth insurance; and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if precise ly measured,income data exclude important determinants of economic well-being, such as the hours ofwork needed to earn that income.While thinking about the question, we came across a recently published articl e by CharlesJones and Peter Klenow, which proposes an interesting new mea sure of economic welfare.While by no means perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income,taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changes in workingtime, life expectancy, an d inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assess economic performance bot h across countries and over time.The Jones-Klenow method can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Su ppose we wantto compare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and Fr ance in 2005.In 2005, as the authors observe: real consumption per person in France was only 60% ashigh as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economi cally much better off thanthe French on average. However, that comparison omits other relevant factors: leisuretime, life expectancy, and economic ine quality. The French take longer vacations and retireearlier, so typically work fewer hours; they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumablyreflecting advant ages with respect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income andc onsumption are somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Bec ause of thesedifferences, comparing France's consumption with the U.S.'s ove rstates the gap in economicwelfare.Similar calculations can be used to compare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation puts economic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97 % of U.S. levels, butestimates Mexican well-being at 22%.The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess an economy's performance ov er time.According to this measure, as of the early-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. ha d the highest economicwelfare of any large country. Since 2007, economic we lfare in the U.S. has continued toimprove. However, the pace of improveme nt has slowed markedly.Methodologically, the lesson from the Jones-Klenow research is that economic welfare ismulti-dimensional. Their approach is flexible enough that in pri nciple other important quality-of-life changes could be incorporated-for exa mple, decreases in total emissions ofpollutants and declines in crime rates.46. What does the author think of the 2015 report by the Census Bureau?A) It is based on questionable statistics.B) It reflects the economic changes.C) It evidences the improved-welfare.D) It provides much food for thought.47. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?A) It is widely used to compare the economic growth across countries.B) It revolutionizes the way of measuring ordinary people's livelihood.C) It focuses on people's consumption rather than their average income.D) It is a more comprehensive measure of people's economic well-being.48. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U. S. interms of real consumption per person?A) It reflected the existing big gap between the two economies.B) It neglected many important indicators of people's welfare.C) It covered up the differences between individual citizens.D) It failed to count in their difference in natural resources.49. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?A) It can accurately pinpoint a country's current economic problems.B) It can help to raise people's awareness of their economic well-being.C) It can diagnose the causes of a country's slowing pace of economic impr ovement.D) It can compare a country's economic conditions between different periods of time.50) What can we infer from the passage about American people's economic well-being?A) It is much better than that of their European counterparts.B) It has been on the decline ever since the turn of the century.C) It has not improved as much as reported by the Census Bureau.D) It has not been accurately assessed and reported since mid-2000s. Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you've ever started a sentence with,"If I were you..." or found yourself scratching yourhead at a colleague's agon y over a decision when the answer is crystal-clear, there's ascientific reason behind it. Our own decision-making abilities can become depleted over thec ourse of the day causing indecision or poor choices, but choosing on behalf of someone elseis an enjoyable task that doesn't suffer the same pitfalls. The problem is "decision fatigue," a psychological phenomenon that take s a toll on the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, sa ys Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics to patients when it's unwise to do so. "Presumably it's because it'ssimple and easy to write a prescription and con sider a patient case closed rather than investigate further," Polman says. But decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for som eone else.When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their ow n choices as belonging tosomeone else, they feel less tired and rely less on d ecision shortcuts to make those choices."By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does notsuffer theconsequences of decision fatigue," he says."It's as if there's something fun and liberatingabout making someone else's c hoice."Getting input from others not only offers a fresh perspective and thought pr ocess; it oftenalso includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it c an be quite good, says Polman."When people experience decision fatigue-when they are tired of making ch oices—theyhave a tendency to choose to go with the status quo (现状)," he says."But the status quocan be problematic, since a change in the course of acti on can sometimes be important andlead to a positive outcome."In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is al most always essential."People who are susceptible to decision fatigue will likely choose to do not hingover something," he says,"That's not to say that risk is always good, but it is related totaking action9w hereas decision fatigue assuredly leads to inaction and the possible chagri n(懊恼) of a decision maker who might otherwise prefer a new course but is unfo rtunatelyhindered."Just because you can make good choices for others doesn't mean you'll do th e same foryourself, Polman cautions."Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries forothers than the y do for themselves," he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.51. What does the author say about people making decisions?A) They may become exhausted by making too many decisions for themselve s.B) They are more cautious in making decisions for others than for themselve s.C) They tend to make decisions the way they think advantageous to them.D) They show considerable differences in their decision-making abilities.52. What does the example about the physicians illustrate?A) Patients seldom receive due care towards the end of the day.B) Prescription of antibiotics can be harmful to patients' health.C) Decision fatigue may prevent people making wise decisions.D) Medical doctors are especially susceptible to decision fatigue.53. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A) When they take decision shortcuts.B) When they help others to make decisions.C) When they have major decisions to make.D) When they have advisers to turn to.54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A) They turn to physicians for advice.B) They tend to make risky decisions.C) They adopt a totally new perspective.D) They refrain from trying anything new.55. What does the passage say about taking some risk in decision making?A) It is vital for one to reach the goal desired.B) It is likely to entail serious consequences.C) It will enable people to be more creative.D) It will more often than not end in regret.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr om Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
【7A版】2018年6月英语六级真题和答案(三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage1Atsome2300milesinlength,theMississippiisthelongestriverintheUnitedStates.Atsome1000miles,th eMackenzieisthelongestriverinCanada.Butthesewaterwaysseemminuteincomparisontotheworld’s 2lengthiestrivers:theNileandtheAmazon. TheNilewhichbeginsincentralAfricaandflowsover4100milesnorthintotheMediterraneanhostedone oftheworld’sgreatancientcivilizationsalongitsshores.Calmandpeacefulformostoftheyear,theNileus edtofloodannually,therebycreating,irrigatingandcarryingnewtopsoiltothenearbyfarmlandonwhich ancientEgyptdependedforlivelihood.Asameansoftransportation,therivercarriedvariousvesselsupa nddownitslength. AjourneythroughtheunobstructedpartofthiswaterwaytodaywouldpassbythesplendidvalleyoftheKi ngs,wherethetombsofmanyoftheseancientmonarchshavestoodforover3000years.Greatcivilization sandintensivesettlementarehardlyassociatedwiththeAmazon,yetthis4000mile-longsouthAmerican rivercarriesabout20%oftheworld’sfreshwatermorethantheMississippi,NileandYangtzecombined.O therstatisticsareequallyastonishing.TheAmazonissowideatsomepointsthatfromitscenterneithersh orecanbeseen.Eachsecond,theAmazonpourssome55milliongallonsofwaterintotheAtlantic.There,a titsmouthstandsoneislandlargerthanSwitzerland.Mostimportantofall,theAmazonirrigatesthelarges ttropicalrainforestonearth.Passage19.WhatcanbefoundinthevalleyoftheKings?10.InwhatwayistheAmazondifferentfromotherbigrivers?11.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmazon?Recording2Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen,andwelcometothethirdinourcitiesofbusinessseminarsinthepro gram“DoingBusinessAbroad”.(Q19)Today,wearegoing tolookattheinterculturalawareness,thatisthe factthatnoteveryoneisBritish,noteveryonespeaksEnglishandnoteveryonedoesbusinessinaBritishw ay.And,whyshouldthey?(Q19)Ifoverseasbusinesspeoplearesellingtous,thentheywillmakeeveryeffo rttospeakEnglishandtorespectourtraditionsandmethods.Itisonlypoliteforustodothesamewhenwev isitthem.Itisnotonlypolite,itisacentral,ifwewanttosellBritishproductsoverseas.First,ashortquiz.Let’s seehowinterculturally-awareyouare.Question1:wheremustyounotdrinkalcoholonthefirstandseven thofeverymo nth.Question2:whereshouldyouneveradmireyourhost’spossessions.Question3:hows houldyouattractthewaiterduringabusinesslunchinBangkok.Question4:whereshouldyoutrytomake allyourappointmentseitherbefore2orafter5:30pm.OK,everyonehadachancetomakesomenotes.Rig ht!Herearetheanswers.AlthoughIamsurethattheinformationcouldequallywellapplytocountriesoth erthanthoseIhavechosen.No.1:(Q20)youmustnotdrinkalcoholonthefirstandseventhofthemonthinI ndia.Ininternationalhotels,youmayfinditserved,butifyouarehavingamealwithanIndiacolleague,rem embertoavoidaskingforabeer.Ifyouareanarrival,coincidewithoneofthosetips.No.2:inArabcountries, thepolitenessandgenerosityofthepeopleiswithoutparallel.Ifyouadmireyourcolleague’sbeautifulbel tandbowls,youmaywellfindyourselfbeingpresentedwiththemasapresent.Thisisnotacheapwaytodo yourshopping,however,asyourhostwillquitecorrectlyeGpectyoutorespondbypresentinghimwithagi ftofequalworthandbeauty.InThailand,clickingthefingers,clappingyourhandsorjustshouting“Waiter ”willembarrassyourhosts,fellowdiners,thewaiterhimself and,mostofall,you.Placeyourpalmdownwa rdandmakeaninconspicuouswavinggesture,whichwillproduceinstantandsatisfyingresults.Andfinall y,(Q21)inSpain,somebusinessesmaintainthepatternofworkinguntilabout2o’clockandthenreturning totheofficefrom5:30to8,9or10intheevening.Q19:Whatshouldyoudowhendoingbusinesswithforeigners?Q20:WhatmustyouavoiddoingwithyourIndiancolleague?Q21:WhatdowelearnaboutsomeSpanishpeople?选词填空儿歌DidSarahJosephaHalewrite“Mary’sLittleLamb,”theeternalnurseryrhyme（儿歌）aboutgirlnamedMarywithastubbornlamb?Thisisstilldisputed,butit’sclearthatthewoman26reputedforwritingitwasoneofAmerica’smostfascinating27character s.InhonorofthepoempublicationonMay24,1830,here’smoreaboutthe 28supposedauthor’slife.Halewasn’tjustawriter,shewasalsoa29fiercesocialadvocate,ands hewasparticularly30obsessedwith anidealNewEngland,whichsheassociatedwithabundantThanksgivinGG gmealsthatsheclaimedhad“adeepmoralinfluence,”shebegananationwide31campaigntohaveanationalholidaydeclaredthatwou ldbringfamiliestogetherwhilecelebratingthe32traditionalfestivals.In1863,after17yearsofadvocacyi ncludingletterstofivepresidents,Halegotit.PresidentAbrahamLincolnduringtheCivilWar,issueda33p roclamationsettingasidethelastThursdayinNovemberfortheholiday.Thetrueauthorshipof“Mary’sLittleLamb”isdisputed.Accordingt oNewEnglandHistoricalSociety,Hale wroteonlyonepartofthepoem,butclaimedauthorship.Regardlessoftheauthor,itseemsthatthepoem was34inspiredbyarealevent.WhenyoungMarySawyerwasfollowedtoschoolbyalambin1816,itcause dsomeproblems.AbystandernamedJohnRoulstonewroteapoemabouttheevent,then,atsomepoint, Haleherselfseemstohavehelpedwriteit.However,ifa1916piecebyhergreat-nieceistobetrusted,Halec laimedforthe35restofherlifethat“Someotherpeoplepretendedthatsomeoneelsewrotethepoem”. A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔ScientistsscanningandmappingtheGizapyramidssaythey'vediscoveredthattheGreatPyramidofGizai snoteGactlyeven.Butreallynotbymuch.Thispyram idistheoldestoftheworld’sSevenWonders.Thepyra mid’se Gactsizehas26puzzledeGpertsforcenturies,asthe"morethan21acresofhard,whitecasingston es"thatoriginallycovereditwere27removedlongago. Reportinginthemostrecentissueofthenewsletter"AERAGRAM,"which28chroniclestheworkoftheAn cientEgyptResearchAssociates,engineerGlenDashsaysthatbyusinganewmeasuringapproachthatinv olvedfindinganysurviving29remnantsofthecasinginordertodeterminewheretheoriginaledgewas.Th eyfoundtheeastsideofthepyramidtobea30maGimumof5.55inchesshorterthanthewestside. Thequestionthatmost31fascinateshim,however,isn'thowtheEgyptianswhodesignedandbuiltthepyr amidgotitwrong4,500yearsago,buthowtheygotitsocloseto32perfect."Wecanonlyspeculateastoho wtheEgyptianscouldhavelaidouttheselineswithsuch33precisionusingonlythetoolstheyhad,"Dashw rites.Hesayshis34hypothesisisthattheEgyptianslaidouttheirdesignonagrid,notingthatthegreatpyra midisorientedonly35slightlyawayfromthecardinaldirections(itsnorth-southaGisruns3minutes54se condswestofduenorth,whileitseast-westaGisruns3minutes51secondsnorthofdueeast)—anamount that's"tiny,butsimilar,"AtlasObscurapointsout.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaGimummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人WhenElonMusksays,ashedidthisweek,thathisnewpriorityisusingartificialintelligencetobuilddomes ticrobots,weshouldnotonlytakenote,butlookforwardtothedaywecanputourlegsupinadmiration. Mr.Muskisaguywhogetsthingsdone.Thefounderoftwo“moonshot”techcompanies,TeslaMo torsand SpaceG,isbringingelectricvehiclestomassmarketand26humanstoliveonotherplanets.Lestthisstriket heamateurtechie—notthatreadersofTheIndependentwouldevercountamongthem—assomuchhot air,youcanbereassuredthatthenear$13bn(£8.8bn)fortunethisentrepreneurhas27comesfrompracti calachievementsratherthanhypotheticalones.Alotofcleverpeopleare28aboutartificialintelligence,fearingthatrobotswillonedaybecomeso29they’llmurderallofus.Thesefearsaremostly30:aswithhysteriaaboutgeneticmodification,wehumansarege nerallywiseenoughtomanagetheseproblemswithalacrityandcare. Andjustthinkofhowwonderfulitwouldbeifyouhadalive-inrobot.Itcould—31—belikehavingababysitt erandmasseuserolledintoone—or,ifthatrequired32intelligencebeyondthekenofMr.Musk’simagine dmachine,atleastsomeonetochopthecarrots,washthecarandmowthelawn.Oncepurchasedandtrai ned,thiswouldallowthe33usertosavemoneyandtime,freeingup34spaceinourbusylivesto,forinstanc e,readTheIndependent.ThatiswhywewelcomeMr.Musk’slatest35,andwishhimwell.Aslongasrobotsaddtothesumofhumanh appiness,reducesufferingorcumbersomeactivity,andcreatetimetoreadworld-classjournalism,TheIn dependentwillbetheirfans.Especiallysincejournalismisonejobrobotswillneverdo.A)amassedB)casualC)emotionalD)enablingE)eventuallyF)eGaggeratedG)eGtravagantH)generouslyI)misleadingJ)preciousK)rewardL)smartM)sphereN)terrifiedO)venture答案：26.Denabling27.Aamassed28.Nterrified29.Lsmart30.FeGaggerated31.Eeventually32.Cemotional33.Bcasual34.Jprecious35.Oventure阅读PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.TheEbroDelta,inSpain,famousasabattlegroundduringtheSpanishCivilWar,isnowthesettingforadiffe rentcontest,onethatispittingricefarmersagainsttwoenemies:therice-eatinggiantapplesnail,andrisin gsealevels.WhathappensherewillhaveabearingonthefutureofEuropeanriceproductionandtheovera llhealthofsouthernEuropeanwetlands. LocatedontheMediterraneanjusttwohourssouthofBarcelona,theEbroDeltaproduces120millionkilo gramsofriceayear,makingitoneofthecontinent’smostimportantrice-growingareas.Astheseacreepsi ntothesefresh-watermarshes,however,risingsalinity（盐分）ishamperingriceproduction.Atthesametime,thissea-wateralsokillsoffthegreedygiantapplesnail,ani ntroducedpestthatfeedsonyoungriceplants.Themostpromisingstrategyhasbecometoharnessonefo eagainsttheother.Thebattleiscurrentlybeingwagedonland,ingreenhousesattheUniversityofBarcelona.Scientistsworki ngunderthebanner“ProjectNeurice”areseekingvarietiesofricethatcanwithstandtheincreasingsalini tywithoutlosingtheabsorbencythatmakesEuropeanriceidealfortraditionalSpanishandItaliandishes. “Theprojecthastwosides,”says GavierSerrat,NeuriceprojectmanagerandresearcherattheUniversity ofBarcelona.“theshort-termfightagainstthesnail,andamid-tolong-termfightagainstclimatechange.B utthesnailhasgiventheprojectgreater urgency.”OriginallyfromSouthAmerica,thesnailswereaccidentallyintroducedintotheEbroDeltabyGlobalAqua ticTecnologies,acompanythatraisedthesnailsforfresh-wateraquariums（水族馆）,butfailedtopreventtheirescape.Fornow,thegiantapplesnail’spresenceinEuropeislimitedtotheEbroDelta.Butthesnailcontinuesitsmarchtonewterritory,saysSerr at.“Thequestionisnotifitwillreachotherrice-growingareasofEurope,butwhen.”OvertheneGtyearandahalfinvestigatorswilltestthevariousstrainsofsalt-tolerantricethey’vebred.In2 018,farmerswillplantthev arietieswiththemostpromiseintheEbroDeltaandEurope’sothertwomainri ce-growingregions—alongthePoinItaly,andFrance’sRhône.Aseasoninthefieldwillhelpdeterminewhi ch,ifany,ofthevarietiesarereadyforcommercialization.AsanEU-fundedeffort,thesearchforsalt-tolerantvarietiesofriceistakingplaceinallthreecountries.Eac hteamiscrossbreedingalocalEuropeanshort-grainricewithalong-grainAsianvarietythatcarriesthesal t-resistantgene.Thescientistsarebreedingsuccessivegenerationstoarriveatvarietiesthatincorporate salttolerancebutretainabout97percentoftheEuropeanricegenome（基因组）.46.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishCivilWaratthebeginningofthepassage?A.IthadgreatimpactonthelifeofSpanishricefarmers.B.ItisofgreatsignificanceintherecordsofSpanishhistory.C.RicefarmersintheEbroDeltaarewagingabattleofsimilarimportance.D.RicefarmersintheEbroDeltaareeGperiencingashardatimeasinthewar.47.Whatmaybethemosteffectivestrategyforricefarmerstoemployinfightingtheirenemies?A.StrikingtheweakerenemyfirstB.KillingtwobirdswithonestoneC.Eliminatingtheenemyonebyoneingoneeviltocombattheother48.Whatdowelearnabout“ProjectNeurice”?A.Itsgoalswillhavetoberealizedatacost.B.ItaimstoincreasetheyieldofSpanishrice.C.Itsimmediatepriorityistobringthepestundercontrol.D.Ittriestokillthesnailswiththehelpofclimatechange.49.WhatdoesNeuriceprojectmanagersayaboutthegiantapplesnail?A.ItcansurviveonlyonsouthernEuropeanwetlands.B.Itwillinvadeotherrice-growingregionsofEurope.C.Itmultipliesataspeedbeyondhumanimagination.D.Itwasintroducedintothericefieldsonpurpose.50.WhatistheultimategoaloftheEU-fundedprogram?A.Cultivatingidealsalt-resistantricevarieties.B.IncreasingtheabsorbencyoftheSpanishrice.C.IntroducingSpanishricetotherestofEurope.D.Popularizingthericecrossbreedingtechnology.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage. PhotographywasonceaneGpensive,laboriousordealreservedforlife'sgreatestmilestones.Now,theo nlyapparentcosttotakinginfinitephotosofsomethingascommonasamealisthespaceonyourharddrive andyourdiningcompanion'spatience.Butisthereanothercost,adeepercost,todocumentingalifeeGperienceinsteadofsimplyenjoyingit?"Yo uhearthatyoushouldn'ttakeallthesephotosandinterrupttheeGperience,andit'sbadforyou,andwe're notlivinginthepresentmoment,"saysKristinDiehl,associateprofessorofmarketingattheUniversityofS outhernCaliforniaMarshallSchoolofBusiness. Diehlandherfellowresearcherswantedtofindoutifthatwastrue,sotheyembarkedonaseriesofnineeG perimentsinthelabandinthefieldtestingpeople'senjoymentinthepresenceorabsenceofacamera.The results,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,surprisedthem.Takingphotosactu allymakespeopleenjoywhatthey'redoingmore,notless. "Whatwefindisyouactuallylookattheworldslightlydifferently,becauseyou'relookingforthingsyouwa nttocapture,thatyoumaywanttohangonto,"DiehleGplains."ThatgetspeoplemoreengagedintheeGp erience,andtheytendtoenjoyitmore."Takesightseeing.InoneeGperiment,nearly200participantsboardedadouble-deckerbusforatourofPhi ladelphia.Bothbustoursforbadetheuseofcellphonesbutonetourprovideddigitalcamerasandencoura gedpeopletotakephotos.ThepeoplewhotookphotosenjoyedtheeGperiencesignificantlymore,andsa idtheyweremoreengaged,thanthosewhodidn't.Snappingaphotodirectsattention,whichheightensthepleasureyougetfromwhateveryou'relookingat ,Diehlsays.Itworksforthingsasboringasarchaeological（考古的）museums,wherepeopleweregiveneye-trackingglassesandinstructedeithertotakephotosornot."Peo plelooklongeratthingstheywanttophotograph,"Diehlsays.TheyreportlikingtheeGhibitsmore,too. TothereliefofInstagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere,itcanevenmakesmealsmoreenjoyable.Whenpeoplewereencouragedtotakeatleastthre ephotoswhiletheyatelunch,theyweremoreimmersedintheirmealsthanthosewhoweren'ttoldtotake photos.Wasitthesatisfyingclickofthecamera?Thephysicalactofthesnap?No,theyfound;justtheactofplannin gtotakeaphoto—andnotactuallytakingit—hadthesamejoy-boostingeffect."Ifyouwanttotakemental photos,thatworksthesameway,"Diehlsays."Thinkingaboutwhatyouwouldwanttophotographalsoge tsyoumoreengaged."51.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutphoto-takinginthepast?A.Itwasapainstakingeffortforrecordinglife’smajorevents.B.ItwasaluGurythatonlyafewwealthypeoplecouldenjoy.C.Itwasagoodwaytopreserveone’spreciousimages.D.Itwasaskillthatrequiredlotsofpracticetomaster.52.KristinDiehlconductedaseriesofeGperimentsonphoto-takingtofindout__________.A.whatkindofpleasureitwouldactuallybringtophoto-takersB.whetherpeopleenjoyeditwhentheydidsightseeingC.howitcouldhelptoenrichpe ople’slifee GperiencesD.Whetheritpreventedpeopleenjoyingwhattheyweredoing53.WhatdotheresultsofDiehl’se Gperimentsshowthatpeopletakingphotos?A.Theyaredistractedfromwhattheyaredoing.B.Theycanbetterrememberwhattheyseeordo.C.Theyaremoreabsorbedinwhatcatchestheireye.D.Theycanhaveabetterunderstandingoftheworld.54.Whatisfoundaboutmuseumvisitorswiththeaidofeye-trackingglasses?A.TheycomeoutwithbetterphotographsoftheeGhibits.B.TheyfocusmoreontheeGhibitswhentakingpictures.C.Theyhaveabetterviewofwhatareondisplay.D.Theyfollowthehistoricaleventsmoreeasily.55.Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Itisbettertomakeplansbeforetakingphotos.B.Mentalphotoscanbeasbeautifulassnapshots.C.Photographerscanderivegreatjoyfromtheclickofthecamera.D.Eventheverythoughtoftakingaphotocanhaveapositiveeffect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月英语六级真题答案及解析(卷三)
2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第3套）Part I Writing审题思路：这是一篇六级考试中常见的议论文。
此次话题——企业和消费者之间的信任是考生日常生活中熟悉的话题，因此写起来并不难。
考生应该将重点放在第二段阐述企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性上，并联系三鹿奶粉事件分析企业失信带来的严重后果。
全文翻译：企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性如今，在日趋商业化和数字化的时代背景下，企业和消费者之间相互信任的关系显得尤为重要。
在我看来，企业在这种信任关系的建立中应该起主导作用：对消费者诚实。
首先，如果企业失信于消费者，那么消费者就会对其商品和服务缺乏购买信心，这将会给企业带来巨大的经济损失。
更严重的是，失信带来的不良副作用会危及企业的发展，并令其难以翻身。
三鹿奶粉公司的倒闭就是一个例证。
而且，此次毒奶粉事件给整个奶粉市场带来了毁灭性的后果。
此外，由于假货泛滥，越来越多的消费者对国内的商品失去了信心，他们别无选择，只能将目光投向海外品牌，这也是网上海淘在中国越来越受欢迎的原因之一。
因此，为了促进整个社会经济的健康发展，我们是时候强调企业和消费者之间建立信任的重要性了。
PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A全文翻译：当埃隆·马斯克宣布他最新优先考虑的事是使用人工智能制造家用机器人时，我们应该满怀钦佩之情期待着它的到来。
马斯克先生是能帮把事情干成的人。
他是两家科技术公司特斯拉电动汽车公司和太空探索技术公司的创始人，他正在将电动汽车引入大众市场，并（26）使人们能在其他行星上生活。
这听起来是在说大话，但这位企业家（27）积累的将近130亿美元的财富来自于他的实际成就而非假想。
很多聪明人（28）害怕人工智能，担心有一天机器人会变得如此（29）聪明，以至于它们像将灭全人类。
这些恐惧大多（30）言过其实：就像对转基因的非理性恐惧一样，其实一般来讲，我们人类足够英明，能够快速小心地处理好这些问题。
2018年6月英语六级真题及答案(第三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题及答案（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150words but no more than 200 words.The Importance of Building Trust Between Businesses and Consumers Today, in the context of this era featured by increasing commercialization an d digitalization, mutually-trusted relations between businesses and consumers appear to be particularly important.As for me businesses should take a leading role in establishing the trust relationship: to be honest with their consumers. Firstly, if a business has a dishonest attitude toward its customers, the customers will lack purchasing confidence in its goods or services, which will bring huge economic loss to the business. What's worse, the adverse side effect of such dishonesty can endanger the business and it is impossible to recover. The collapse of Sanlu Milk Powder Company is a testament to this. Moreover, the incident of poisonous milk has exerted devastating consequences on the whole milk powder market. Be sides, because of the proliferation of counterfeit goods, more consumers lose confidence in domestic products, and then they have no alternative but to resort to foreign brands, which is one reason why cross-border online shopping is gaining more and more popularity in China.Therefore, it is high time for us to strengthen the importance of maintaining trust between businesses and consumers to promote the healthy development t of the whole social economy.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)说明：由于2018 年 6 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前 2 套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
2018 年 6 月大学英语六级真题试卷3套
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷第1套Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees.You can cite example to illustrateyour views.You are required to write at least150words but no more than200words.Part II Listening Comprehension(30minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear2long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spokenonly once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from thefour choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)It is a typical salad.B)It is a Spanish soup.C)It is a weird vegetable.D)It is a kind of spicy food.2.A)To make it thicker.B)To make it more nutritious.C)To add to its appeal.D)To replace an ingredient.3.A)It contains very little fat.B)It uses olive oil in cooking.C)It uses no artificial additives.D)It is mainly made of vegetables.4.A)It does not go stale for two years.B)It takes no special skill to prepare.C)It comes from a special kind of pig.D)It is a delicacy blended with bread.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)They come in a great variety.B)They do not make decent gifts.C)They do not vary much in price.D)They go well with Italian food.6.A)$30-$40.B)$40-$50.C)$50-$60.D)Around$150.7.A)They are a healthy choice for elderly people.B)They are especially popular among Italians.C)They symbolize good health and longevity.D)They go well with different kinds of food.8.A)It is a wine imported from California.B)It is less spicy than all other red wines.C)It is far more expensive than he expected.D)It is Italy's most famous type of red wine.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1witha single line through the centre.Questions9to11are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A)Learning others'secrets.B)Searching for information.C)Decoding secret messages.D)Spreading sensational news.10.A)They helped the U.S.army in World War II.B)They could write down spoken codes promptly.C)They were assigned to decode enemy messages.D)They were good at breaking enemy secret codes.11.A)Important battles fought in the Pacific War.B)Decoding of secret messages in war times.C)A military code that was never broken.D)Navajo Indians'contribution to code breaking.Questions12to15are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)All services will be personalized.B)A lot of knowledge-intensive jobs will be replaced.C)Technology will revolutionize all sectors of industry.D)More information will be available.13.A)In the robotics industry.B)In the information service.C)In the personal care sector.D)In high-end manufacturing.14.A)They charge high prices.B)They need lots of training.C)They cater to the needs of young people.D)They focus on customers'specific needs.15.A)The rising demand in education and healthcare in the next20years.B)The disruption caused by technology in traditionally well-paid jobs.C)The tremendous changes new technology will bring to people's lives.D)The amazing amount of personal attention people would like to have.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear t hree recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recordings will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through thecentre.Questions16to18are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)It was the longest road in ancient Egypt.B)It was constructed some500years ago.C)It lay8miles from the monument sites.D)It linked a stone pit to some waterways.17.A)Saws used for cutting stone.B)Traces left by early explorers.C)An ancient geographical map.D)Some stone tool segments.18.A)To transport stones to block floods.B)To provide services for the stone pit.C)To link the various monument sites.D)To connect the villages along the Nile.Questions19to21are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Dr.Gong didn't give him any conventional tests.B)Dr.Gong marked his office with a hand-painted sign.C)Dr.Gong didn't ask him any questions about his pain.D)Dr.Gong slipped in needles where he felt no pain.20.A)He had heard of the wonders acupuncture could work.B)Dr.Gong was very famous in New York's Chinatown.C)Previous medical treatments failed to relieve his pain.D)He found the expensive medical tests unaffordable.21.A)More and more patients ask for the treatment.B)Acupuncture techniques have been perfected.C)It doesn't need the conventional medical tests.D)It does not have any negative side effects. Questions22to25are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A)They were on the verge of breaking up.B)They were compatible despite differences.C)They quarreled a lot and never resolved their arguments.D)They argued persistentl y about whether to have children.23.A)Neither of them has any brothers or sisters.B)Neither of them won their parents'favor.C)They weren't spoiled in their childhood.D)They didn't like to be the apple of their parents'eyes.24.A)They are usually good at making friends.B)They tend to be adventurous and creative.C)They are often content with what they have.D)They tend to be self-assured and responsible.25.A)They enjoy making friends.B)They tend to be well adjusted.C)They are least likely to take initiative.D)They usually have successful marriages.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even.But really not by much.This pyramid is the oldest of the world's Seven Wonders.The pyramid's exact size has__26__experts for centuries,as the"more than21acres of hard,white casing stones"that originally covered it were__27__long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter"AERAGRAM,"which__28__the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates,engineer Glen Dash says his team used a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving__29__of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was.They found the east side of the pyramid to be a__30__of5.5inches shorter than the west side.The question that most__31__him,however,isn't how the Egyptians who designed and built the pyramid got it wrong4,500years ago,but how they got it so close to__32__."We can only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such__33__using only the tools they had,"Dash writes.He says his__34__is that the Egyptians laid out their design on a grid,noting that the great pyramid is oriented only__35__away from the cardinal directions(its north-south axis runs3minutes54seconds west of due north,while its east-west axis runs3minutes51seconds north of due east)—an amount that's"tiny,but similar,"archeologist Atlas Obscura points out.A)chronicles I)perfectB)complete J)precisionC)established K)puzzledD)fascinates L)remnantsE)hypothesis M)removedF)maximum N)revelationsG)momentum O)slightlyH)mysteriouslySection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph morethan once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by markingthe corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.Peer Pressure Has a Positive Side[A]Parents of teenagers often view their children's friends with something like suspicion.Theyworry that the adolescent peer group has the power to push its members into behavior that is foolish and even dangerous.Such wariness is well founded:statistics show,for example, that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of a fatal crash than an adolescent driving alone or with an adult.[B]In a2005study,psychologist Laurence Steinberg of Temple University and his co-author,psychologist Margo Gardner,then at Temple,divided306people into three age groups: young adolescents,with a mean age of14;older adolescents,with a mean age of19;and adults,aged24and older.Subjects played a computerized driving game in which the player must avoid crashing into a wall that materializes,without warning,on the roadway.Steinberg and Gardner randomly assigned some participants to play alone or with two same-age peers looking on.[C]Older adolescents scored about50percent higher on an index of risky driving when theirpeers were in the room—and the driving of early adolescents was fully twice as reckless when other young teens were around.In contrast,adults behaved in similar ways regardless of whether they were on their own or observed by others."The presence of peers makes adolescents and youth,but not adults,more likely to take risks,"Steinberg and Gardnerconcluded.[D]Yet in the years following the publication of this study,Steinberg began to believe that thisinterpretation did not capture the whole picture.As he and other researchers examined the question of why teens were more apt to take risks in the company of other teenagers,they came to suspect that a crowd's influence need not always be negative.Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teen brain's keen sensitivity to the presence of friends and leverage it to improve education.[E]In a2011study,Steinberg and his colleagues turned to functional MRI(磁共振)toinvestigate how the presence of peers affects the activity in the adolescent brain.They scanned the brains of40teens and adults who were playing a virtual driving game designed to test whether players would brake at a yellow light or speed on through the crossroad. [F]The brains of teenagers,but not adults,showed greater activity in two regions associatedwith rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers than when alone.In other words,rewards are more intense for teens when they are with peers,which motivates them to pursue higher-risk experiences that might bring a big payoff(such as the thrill of just making the light before it turns red).But Steinberg suspected this tendency could also have its advantages.In his latest experiment,published online in August,Steinberg and his colleagues used a computerized version of a card game called the Iowa Gambling Task to investigate how the presence of peers affects the way young people gather and apply information.[G]The results:Teens who played the Iowa Gambling Task under the eyes of fellow adolescentsengaged in more exploratory behavior,learned faster from both positive and negative outcomes,and achieved better performance on the task than those who played in solitude."What our study suggests is that teenagers learn more quickly and more effectively when their peers are present than when they're on their own,"Steinberg says.And this finding could have important implications for how we think about educating adolescents.[H]Matthew D.Lieberman,a social cognitive neuroscientist at the University of California,LosAngeles,and author of the2013book Social:Why Our Brains Are Wired to Connect, suspects that the human brain is especially skillful at learning socially significant information.He points to a classic2004study in which psychologists at Dartmouth College and Harvard University used functional MRI to track brain activity in17young men as they listened to descriptions of people while concentrating on either socially relevant cues(for example, trying to form an impression of a person based on the description)or more socially neutral information(such as noting the order of details in the description).The descriptions were the same in each condition,but people could better remember these statements when given a social motivation.[I]The study also found that when subjects thought about and later recalled descriptions interms of their informational content,regions associated with factual memory,such as the medial temporal lobe,became active.But thinking about or remembering descriptions in terms of their social meaning activated the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex—part of the brain's social network—even as traditional memory regions registered low levels of activity.More recently,as he reported in a2012review,Lieberman has discovered that this region may be part of a distinct network involved in socially motivated learning and memory.Such findings,he says,suggest that"this network can be called on to process and store the kind of information taught in school—potentially giving students access to a range of untapped mental powers."[J]If humans are generally geared to recall details about one another,this pattern is probably even more powerful among teenagers who are very attentive to social details:who is in, who is out,who likes whom,who is mad at whom.Their desire for social drama is not—or not only—a way of distracting themselves from their schoolwork or of driving adults crazy.It is actually a neurological(神经的)sensitivity,initiated by hormonal changes.Evolutionarily speaking,people in this age group are at a stage in which they can prepare to find a mate and start their own family while separating from parents and striking out on their own.To do this successfully,their brain prompts them to think and even obsess about others. [K]Yet our schools focus primarily on students as individual entities.What would happen if educators instead took advantage of the fact that teens are powerfully compelled to think in social terms?In Social,Lieberman lays out a number of ways to do so.History and English could be presented through the lens of the psychological drives of the people involved.One could therefore present Napoleon in terms of his desire to impress or Churchill in terms of his lonely gloom.Less inherently interpersonal subjects,such as math,could acquire a social aspect through team problem solving and peer tutoring.Research shows that when we absorb information in order to teach it to someone else,we learn it more accurately and deeply,perhaps in part because we are engaging our social cognition.[L]And although anxious parents may not welcome the notion,educators could turn adolescent recklessness to academic ends."Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,"wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore,a cognitive neuroscientist at University College London,in a review published last year.Yet,she noted, many young people are especially unwilling to take risks at school—afraid that one low test score or poor grade could cost them a spot at a selective university.We should assure such students that risk,and even peer pressure,can be a good thing—as long as it happens in the classroom and not in the car.36.It is thought probable that the human brain is particularly good at picking up sociallyimportant information.37.It can be concluded from experiments that the presence of peers increases risk-taking byadolescents and youth.38.Students should be told that risk-taking in the classroom can be something positive.39.The urge of finding a mate and getting married accounts for adolescents'greater attentionto social interactions.40.According to Steinberg,the presence of peers increases the speed and effectiveness ofteenagers'learning.41.Teenagers'parents are often concerned about negative peer influence.42.Activating the brain's social network involved in socially motivated learning and memorymay allow students to tap unused mental powers.43.The presence of peers intensifies the feeling of rewards in teens'brains.44.When we absorb information for the purpose of imparting it to others,we do so withgreater accuracy and depth.45.Some experts are suggesting that we turn peer influence to good use in education.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)andD).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta,in Spain,famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War,is now the setting for a different contest,one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies:the rice-eating giant apple snail,and rising sea levels.What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona,the Ebro Delta produces 120million kilograms of rice a year,making it one of the continent's most important rice-growing areas.As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes,however,rising salinity(盐分)is hampering rice production.At the same time,this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant apple snail,an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants.The most promising strategy has become to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land,in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona. Scientists working under the banner"Project Neurice"are seeking varieties of rice that canwithstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice ideal for traditional Spanish and Italian dishes."The project has two sides,"says Xavier Serrat,Neurice project manager and researcher at the University of Barcelona,"the short-term fight against the snail,and a mid-to long-term fight against climate change.But the snail has given the project greater urgency."Originally from South America,the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta by Global Aquatic Technologies,a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums(水族馆),but failed to prevent their escape.For now,the giant apple snail's presence in Europe is limited to the Ebro Delta.But the snail continues its march to new territory,says Serrat."The question is not whether it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe,but when."Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant rice they've bred.In2018,farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Delta and Europe's other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy,and France's Rhône.A season in the field will help determine which,if any,of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort,the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all three countries.Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asian variety that carries the salt-resistant gene.The scientists are breeding successive generations to arrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about97percent of the European rice genome(基因组).46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A)It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B)It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C)Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D)Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A)Striking the weaker enemy first.B)Killing two birds with one stone.C)Eliminating the enemy one by one.D)Using one evil to combat the other.48.What do we learn about"Project Neurice"?A)Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B)It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C)Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D)It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49.What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A)It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B)It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C)It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D)It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50.What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A)Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B)Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C)Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D)Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive,laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now,the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost,a deeper cost,to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it?"You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience,and it's bad for you,and we're not living in the present moment,"says Kristin Diehl,associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true,so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presence or absence of a camera.The results,published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them.Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more,not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently,because you're looking for things you want to capture,that you may want to hang onto,"Diehl explains."That gets people more engaged in the experience,and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing.In one experiment,nearly200participants boarded a double-decker bus for a tour of Philadelphia.Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provideddigital cameras and encouraged people to take photos.The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more,and said they were more engaged,than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention,which heightens the pleasure you get from whatever you're looking at,Diehl says.It works for things as boring as archaeological(考古的)museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph,"Diehl says.They report liking the exhibits more,too.To the relief of Instagrammers(Instagram用户)everywhere,it can even make meals more enjoyable.When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera?The physical act of the snap?No,they found;just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos,that works the same way,Diehl says."Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A)It was a painstaking effort for recording life's major events.B)It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C)It was a good way to preserve one's precious images.D)It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out_____.A)what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB)whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC)how it could help to enrich people's life experiencesD)whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doing53.What do the results of Diehl's experiments show about people taking pictures?A)They are distracted from what they are doing.B)They can better remember what they see or do.C)They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D)They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A)They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B)They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C)They have a better view of what are on display.D)They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A)It is better to make plans before taking photos.B)Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C)Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D)Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.过去，拥有一辆私家车对大部分中国人而言是件奢侈的事。
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案(三套).doc
2018年6月英语六级真题和答案听力Passage 1At some 2300 miles in length, the Mississippi is the longest river in the United States. At some1000 miles, the Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada. But these waterways seem minute inmazon.comparison to the world’s 2 lengthiest rivers: the Nile and the AThe Nile which begins in central Africa and flows over 4100 miles north into the Mediterraneanhosted one of the world’s great ancient civilizations along its shores. Calm and peaceful for mostof the year, the Nile used to flood annually, thereby creating, irrigating and carrying new topsoilto the nearby farmland on which ancient Egypt depended for livelihood. As a means oftransportation, the river carried various vessels up and down its length.A journey through the unobstructed part of this waterway today would pass by the splendidvalley of the Kings, where the tombs of many of these ancient monarchs have stood for over3000 years. Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the Amazon,yet this 4000 mile-long south American river carries about 20% of the world’s fresh water more than the Mississippi, Nile and Yangtze combined. Other statistics are equally astonishing. TheAmazon is so wide at some points that from its center neither shore can be seen. Each second,the Amazon pours some 55 million gallons of water into the Atlantic. There, at its mouth standsone island larger than Switzerland. Most important of all, the Amazon irrigates the largesttropical rain forest on earth.Passage 19. What can be found in the valley of the Kings?10. In what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?11. What does the speaker say about the Amazon?Recording 2Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the third in our cities of businessseminars in the program “Doing Business Abroad”. (Q19) Today, we are going to look at theintercultural awareness, that is the fact that not everyone is British, not everyone speaks Englishand not everyone does business in a British way. And, why should they? (Q19) If overseasbusiness people are selling to us, then they will make every effort to speak English and to respectour traditions and methods. It is only polite for us to do the same when we visit them. It is notonly polite, it is a central, if we want to sel l British products overseas. First, a short quiz. Let’s s how interculturally-aware you are. Question 1: where must you not drink alcohol on the first andseventh of every month. Question 2: where should you never admire your host’spossessions.Question 3: how should you attract the waiter during a business lunch in Bangkok. Question 4:where should you try to make all your appointments either before 2 or after 5:30 pm. OK,everyone had a chance to make some notes. Right! Here are the answers. Although I am surethat the information could equally well apply to countries other than those I have chosen. No.1:(Q20) you must not drink alcohol on the first and seventh of the month in India. In internationalhotels, you may find it served, but if you are having a meal with an India colleague, remember toavoid asking for a beer. If you are an arrival, coincide with one of those tips. No.2: in Arab countries, the politeness and generosity of the people is without parallel. If you admire yourl belt and bowls, you may well find yourself being presented with them as acolleague’s beautifupresent. This is not a cheap way to do your shopping, however, as your host will quite correctlyexpect you to respond by presenting him with a gift of equal worth and beauty. In Thailand,will embarrass your hosts,clicking the fingers, clapping your hands or just shouting “Waiter” fellow diners, the waiter himself and, most of all, you. Place your palm downward and make aninconspicuous waving gesture, which will produce instant and satisfying results. And finally, (Q21)in Spain, some businesses maintain the pattern of working until about 2 o’clock and thenreturning to the office from 5:30 to 8, 9 or 10 in the evening.Q19: What should you do when doing business with foreigners?Q20: What must you avoid doing with your Indian colleague?Q21: What do we learn about some Spanish people?选词填空儿歌Did Sarah Josepha Hale write “Mary’s Little Lamb,”the eternal nursery rhyme（儿歌）aboutgirl named Mary with a stubborn lamb? This is still disputed, but it’s clear that the woman 26reputed for writing it was one of America’s most fascinating 27 characters. In honor of the poempublication on May 24,1830, here’s more about the 28 supposed author’s life.Hale wasn’t just a writer, she was also a 29 fierce social advocate, and she was particularly 30obsessed with an ideal New England, which she associated with abundant Thanksgivinxxg mealsthat she claimed had “a deep moral influence,” she began a nationwide 31 campaign to have a national holiday declared that would bring families together while celebrating the 32 traditionalfestivals. In 1863, after 17 years of advocacy including letters to five presidents, Hale got it.President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, issued a 33 proclamation setting aside the lastThursday in November for the holiday.The true authorship of “Mary’s Little Lamb” is disputed. According to New England Historical Society, Hale wrote only one part of the poem, but claimed authorship. Regardless of the author,it seems that the poem was 34 inspired by a real event. When young Mary Sawyer was followedto school by a lamb in 1816, it caused some problems. A bystander named John Roulstone wrotea poem about the event, then, at some point, Hale herself seems to have helped write it.However, if a 1916 piece by her great-niece is to be trusted, Hale claimed for the 35 rest of herlife that “Some other people pretended that someone else wrote the poem”．A）campaignB）careerC）charactersD）featuresE）fierceF）inspiredG）latterH）obsessedI）proclamationJ）rectifiedK）reputedL）restM）supposedN）traditionalO）versatile金字塔Scientists scanning and mapping the Giza pyramids say they've discovered that the Great Pyramid of Giza is not exactly even. But really not by much. This pyramid is the oldest of theexact size has 26 puzzled experts for centuries, as the Seven Wonders. The pyramid’sworld’s"more than 21 acres of hard, white casing stones" that originally covered it were 27 removed long ago.Reporting in the most recent issue of the newsletter "AERAGRAM," which 28 chronicles the work of the Ancient Egypt Research Associates, engineer Glen Dash says that by using a new measuring approach that involved finding any surviving 29 remnants of the casing in order to determine where the original edge was. They found the east side of the pyramid to be a 30 maximum of 5.55 inches shorter than the west side.The question that most 31 fascinates him, however, isn't how the Egyptians who designed andbuilt the pyramid got it wrong 4,500 years ago, but how they got it so close to 32 perfect. "Wecan only speculate as to how the Egyptians could have laid out these lines with such 33 precision using only the tools they had," Dash writes. He says his 34 hypothesis is that the Egyptians laidout their design on a grid, noting that the great pyramid is oriented only 35 slightly away fromthe cardinal directions (its north-south axis runs 3 minutes 54 seconds west of due north, whileits east-west axis runs 3 minutes 51 seconds north of due east)—an amount that's "tiny, but similar," Atlas Obscura points out.chroniclescompleteestablishedfascinateshypothesismaximummomentummysteriouslyperfectprecisionpuzzledremnantsremovedrevelationsslightly家用机器人When Elon Musk says, as he did this week, that his new priority is using artificial intelligence tobuild domestic robots, we should not only take note, but look forward to the day we can put ourlegs up in admiration.Mr. Musk is a guy who gets things done. The founder of two “moonshot” tech companies, Tesla Motors and SpaceX, is bringing electric vehicles to mass market and 26 humans to live onother planets. Lest this strike the amateur techie—not that readers of The Independent wouldever count among them—as so much hot air, you can be reassured that the near $13bn (￡8.8bn) fortune this entrepreneur has 27 comes from practical achievements rather than hypotheticalones.A lot of clever people are 28 about artificial intelligence, fearing that robots will one daybecome so 29 they’llmurder all of us. These fears are mostly30 : as with hysteria aboutgenetic modification, we humans are generally wise enough to manage these problems withalacrity and care.And just think of how wonderful it would be if you had a live-in robot. It could —31 — belike having a babysitter and masseuse rolled into one —or, if that required 32 intelligencet some one to chop the carrots, wash thebeyond the ken of Mr. Musk’s imagined machine, at leascar and mow the lawn. Once purchased and trained, this would allow the 33 user to savemoney and time, freeing up 34 space in our busy lives to, for instance, read The Independent.That is why we welcome Mr. Musk’s latest 35 , and wish him well. As long as robots add tothe sum of human happiness, reduce suffering or cumbersome activity, and create time to readworld-class journalism, The Independent will be their fans. Especially since journalism is one jobrobots will never do.A) amassedB) casualC) emotionalD) enablingE) eventuallyF) exaggeratedG) extravagantH) generouslyI) misleadingJ) preciousK) rewardL) smartM) sphereN) terrifiedO) venture答案：26. D enabling27. A amassed28. N terrified29. L smart30. F exaggerated31. E eventually32. C emotional33. B casual34. J precious35. O venture阅读Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.The Ebro Delta, in Spain, famous as a battleground during the Spanish Civil War, is now the setting for a different contest, one that is pitting rice farmers against two enemies: the rice-eating giant apple snail, and rising sea levels. What happens here will have a bearing on the future of European rice production and the overall health of southern European wetlands.Located on the Mediterranean just two hours south of Barcelona, the Ebro Delta produces-growing 120 million kilograms of rice a year, making it one of the continent’s most important rice areas. As the sea creeps into these fresh-water marshes, however, rising salinity（盐分）ishampering rice production. At the same time, this sea-water also kills off the greedy giant applesnail, an introduced pest that feeds on young rice plants. The most promising strategy hasbecome to harness one foe against the other.The battle is currently being waged on land, in greenhouses at the University of Barcelona.are seeking varieties of rice that canScientists working under the banner “Project Neurice” withstand the increasing salinity without losing the absorbency that makes European rice idealfor traditional Spanish and Italian dishes.roject manager and researcher at the“The project has two sides,” says Xavier Serrat, Neurice pUniversity of Barcelona. “the short-term fight against the snail, and a mid- to long-term fightagainst climate change. But the snail has given the project greater urgency.”Originally from South America, the snails were accidentally introduced into the Ebro Delta byGlobal Aquatic Tecnologies, a company that raised the snails for fresh-water aquariums（水族馆）,but failed to prevent their escape. For now, the giant apple snail’s presence in Europe is limitedto the Ebro Delta. But the snail continues its march to new territory, says Serrat. “The ques not if it will reach other rice-growing areas of Europe, but when.”Over the next year and a half investigators will test the various strains of salt-tolerant ricethey’ve bred. In 2018, farmers will plant the varieties with the most promise in the Ebro Deltaand Europe’s other two main rice-growing regions—along the Po in Italy, and France’s Rh?ne. A season in the field will help determine which, if any, of the varieties are ready for commercialization.As an EU-funded effort, the search for salt-tolerant varieties of rice is taking place in all threecountries. Each team is crossbreeding a local European short-grain rice with a long-grain Asianvariety that carries the salt-resistant gene. The scientists are breeding successive generations toarrive at varieties that incorporate salt tolerance but retain about 97 percent of the European ricegenome（基因组）.46.Why does the author mention the Spanish Civil War at the beginning of the passage?A. It had great impact on the life of Spanish rice farmers.B. It is of great significance in the records of Spanish history.C. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are waging a battle of similar importance.D. Rice farmers in the Ebro Delta are experiencing as hard a time as in the war.47.What may be the most effective strategy for rice farmers to employ in fighting their enemies?A. Striking the weaker enemy firstB. Killing two birds with one stoneC. Eliminating the enemy one by oneD. Using one evil to combat the other48. What do we learn about “Project Neurice”？A. Its goals will have to be realized at a cost.B. It aims to increase the yield of Spanish rice.C. Its immediate priority is to bring the pest under control.D. It tries to kill the snails with the help of climate change.49. What does Neurice project manager say about the giant apple snail?A. It can survive only on southern European wetlands.B. It will invade other rice-growing regions of Europe.C. It multiplies at a speed beyond human imagination.D. It was introduced into the rice fields on purpose.50. What is the ultimate goal of the EU-funded program?A. Cultivating ideal salt-resistant rice varieties.B. Increasing the absorbency of the Spanish rice.C. Introducing Spanish rice to the rest of Europe.D. Popularizing the rice crossbreeding technology.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Photography was once an expensive, laborious ordeal reserved for life's greatest milestones. Now, the only apparent cost to taking infinite photos of something as common as a meal is the space on your hard drive and your dining companion's patience.But is there another cost, a deeper cost, to documenting a life experience instead of simply enjoying it? "You hear that you shouldn't take all these photos and interrupt the experience, andit's bad for you, and we're not living in the present moment," says Kristin Diehl, associate professor of marketing at the University of Southern California Marshall School of Business.Diehl and her fellow researchers wanted to find out if that was true, so they embarked on a series of nine experiments in the lab and in the field testing people's enjoyment in the presenceor absence of a camera. The results, published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, surprised them. Taking photos actually makes people enjoy what they're doing more, not less."What we find is you actually look at the world slightly differently, because you're looking for things you want to capture, that you may want to hang onto," Diehl explains. "That gets peoplemore engaged in the experience, and they tend to enjoy it more."Take sightseeing. In one experiment, nearly 200 participants boarded a double-decker bus fora tour of Philadelphia. Both bus tours forbade the use of cell phones but one tour provided digital cameras and encouraged people to take photos. The people who took photos enjoyed the experience significantly more, and said they were more engaged, than those who didn't.Snapping a photo directs attention, which heightens the pleasure you get from whateveryou're looking at, Diehl says. It works for things as boring as archaeological（考古的）museums, where people were given eye-tracking glasses and instructed either to take photos or not. "People look longer at things they want to photograph," Diehl says. They report liking the exhibits more, too.To the relief of Instagrammers（Instagram用户）everywhere, it can even makes meals more enjoyable. When people were encouraged to take at least three photos while they ate lunch, they were more immersed in their meals than those who weren't told to take photos.Was it the satisfying click of the camera? The physical act of the snap? No, they found; just the act of planning to take a photo—and not actually taking it—had the same joy-boosting effect. "If you want to take mental photos, that works the same way," Diehl says. "Thinking about what you would want to photograph also gets you more engaged."51.What does the author say about photo-taking in the past?A. It was a painstaking effort for recording life’s major events.B. It was a luxury that only a few wealthy people could enjoy.C. It was a good way to preserve one’s precious images.D. It was a skill that required lots of practice to master.52.Kristin Diehl conducted a series of experiments on photo-taking to find out __________.A. what kind of pleasure it would actually bring to photo-takersB. whether people enjoyed it when they did sightseeingC. how it could help to enrich people’s life experiencesD. Whether it prevented people enjoying what they were doingexperiments show that people taking photos?53.What do the results of Diehl’sA. They are distracted from what they are doing.B. They can better remember what they see or do.C. They are more absorbed in what catches their eye.D. They can have a better understanding of the world.54.What is found about museum visitors with the aid of eye-tracking glasses?A. They come out with better photographs of the exhibits.B. They focus more on the exhibits when taking pictures.C. They have a better view of what are on display.D. They follow the historical events more easily.55.What do we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is better to make plans before taking photos.B. Mental photos can be as beautiful as snapshots.C. Photographers can derive great joy from the click of the camera.D. Even the very thought of taking a photo can have a positive effect.翻译自行车自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月英语六级真题及答案(第三套)
2018年6月英语六级真题及答案（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150words but no more than 200 words.The Importance of Building Trust Between Businesses and Consumers Today, in the context of this era featured by increasing commercialization an d digitalization, mutually-trusted relations between businesses and consumers appear to be particularly important.As for me businesses should take a leading role in establishing the trust relationship: to be honest with their consumers. Firstly, if a business has a dishonest attitude toward its customers, the customers will lack purchasing confidence in its goods or services, which will bring huge economic loss to the business. What's worse, the adverse side effect of such dishonesty can endanger the business and it is impossible to recover. The collapse of Sanlu Milk Powder Company is a testament to this. Moreover, the incident of poisonous milk has exerted devastating consequences on the whole milk powder market. Be sides, because of the proliferation of counterfeit goods, more consumers lose confidence in domestic products, and then they have no alternative but to resort to foreign brands, which is one reason why cross-border online shopping is gaining more and more popularity in China.Therefore, it is high time for us to strengthen the importance of maintaining trust between businesses and consumers to promote the healthy development t of the whole social economy.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)说明：由于2018 年 6 月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前 2 套内容相同，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题及答案
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷及答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)卷一：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between employers and employees. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.卷二：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.卷三：Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between businesses and consumers. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) （卷三）Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷(三)(题后含答案及解析)
2018年6月大学英语六级真题试卷（三）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of building trust between teachers and students. You can cite examples to illustrate your views. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.正确答案：The Importance of Building Trust Between Teachers and Students There is no denying that trust is an indispensable part of pleasant relationship between teachers and students. A renowned saying goes that trust is a priceless treasure and plays an important role in maintaining social harmony. If a student distrusts his teacher, he is very likely to lose interest in the subject. Therefore, it is imperative to build trust between teachers and students. First of all, with mutual trust, students’motivation to learn will be greatly enhanced. When students have faith in the teacher and what he or she imparts, they will put all their energies into study to acquire knowledge and pursue excellence. Undoubtedly, this will surely benefit students themselves. Second, teachers will be actively encouraged if students trust them, for students’ credibility will give them a sense of achievement in teaching career. Besides, teachers will care more about students’studies and development, which is a win-win result for both of them. Tolstoy, a Russian writer, once said, “To do the real bosom friend, you have to trust each other. “ Hence, from what’s been discussed above, we can see that trust is a must. Only by building mutual trust can teachers and students become close friends and have a sound relationship.解析：这是一篇议论文写作。
2018年06月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析
2018年06月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析一、真题回顾2018年6月的大学英语六级考试笔试部分共包括四个部分：写作、快速阅读、长篇阅读和翻译。
（一）写作Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “When it comes to traffic problems in cities, there are always different views among people.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.（二）快速阅读Passage One（三）长篇阅读Passage Two（四）翻译Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.下面是对这四个部分的真题及答案解析。
二、答案解析（一）写作真题答案：When it comes to traffic problems in cities, there are always different views among people. Some believe that the traffic problems are inevitable due to the rapid development of modern society. Others argue that effective measures can be taken to solve these problems.In my opinion, the traffic problems in cities can be solved if we take appropriate measures. Firstly, the government should invest more funds in the construction of public transportation systems, such as subways and buses. This will encourage more people to choose public transportation instead of private cars, which can reduce traffic congestion. Secondly, the government should implement stricter regulations on vehicle emissions to improve air quality and reduce pollution. Lastly, the public should be educated to cultivate good driving habits and raise their awareness of traffic safety.In conclusion, traffic problems in cities can be solved through the joint efforts of the government and the public.答案解析：本文开头以题目给出的句子作为引子，引出人们对城市交通问题的不同看法。
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2017年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案解析(第一套)Part I Writi ng (30 min utes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend avocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】Whether to Atte nd a Vocatio nal College or a Uni versity?It ' s an undisputable truth that virtually all high school graduates will encoun ter the choices betwee n a vocati onal college and a uni versity. And whe n it comes to this question, students ' ideas are not cut from the same cloth. In point of which to choose and what to be taken into consideration,my advices are as follow.In the first place, we should be conscious of the fact that both of the two choices have its own superiorities. For instanee, a vocational college specializes in cultivating humanresources with practical capabilities; while a university servesas the cradle of academic researchers in different fields. Then it does follow thathigh school graduates should have a clear picture of themselves. That is to say, they should know their merits and demerits and their choices must give play to their stre ngths whilst circumve nt weak nesses. In additi on, in terest is the best teacher and it ' s also the premise of learning on one' s own initiative. Thus interest mustbe taken into account because it can not only decide how far one can reach academically and professi on ally but also how happy and fulfilled one will be.In brief, all above just goes to show that there really is no one-size-fits-all answer for the question. The key lies in a clear cognition, accurate self-positioning and the in terest of on eself. Only the n can every one find a right path that works best for us.Part II Liste ning Comprehe nsion (30 minu tes)Sectio n ADirections: In this secti on, you will hear two long con versatio ns. At the end of each con versati on, you will hear four questi ons. Both the con versati on and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 1 with a sin gle line through the cen tre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) He would feel in sulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappo in ted.【答案】A【解析】题目问如果男士在二手书店中发现了自己写的书，那么男士会感觉怎样。
男士说到：如果他在二手书店发现了自己的书，他会认为这是种侮辱。
因此选A o2. A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C) They make good readi ng. D) They n eed improveme nt.【答案】B【解析】题目问男士的妻子认为他的书怎么样。
男士说到：他最新的一本书是在2004年写的，当时在写的时候给他妻子看了一小部分。
妻子认为他写的内容是垃圾。
这表明他的妻子认为他写的书毫无价值。
因此选B o3. A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B) He writes several books simulta neously.C) He draws on his real-life experie nces.D) He often turns to his wife for help.【答案】A【解析】题目问当男士在写作的时候，他通常会做什么。
在对话中，女士问男士他那本《被埋葬的巨人》为什么被搁置了那么久，显然是过了十年才把这本书写好。
男士回答：他写书通常都是写写停停，写到一半就会搁置几年时间再继续写。
男士的言外之意是，他很少会一口气把一本书写完。
因此选A。
4. A) Writi ng a book is just like watch ing a football match.B) Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C) He likes watch ing a football match after finishing a book.D) Un like a football match, there is no end to writ ing a book. Questi ons 5 to 8 are based on thecon versati on you have just heard.【答案】D【解析】题目问男士提到足球比赛是想表达什么。
男士在最后说到，足球运动员在结束的哨声吹响的时候，就意味着比赛已经结束了。
但是对于作家来说，永远都没有结束的哨声这一说。
因此选Do5. A) Achieveme nts of black male athletes in college.B) Finan cial assista nee to black athletes in college.C) High college dropout rates among black athletes.D) Un dergraduate en rollme nts of black athletes.【答案】C【解析】题目问这两个讲话者在谈论什么。
女士在一开始就引出主题：一份研究表明，在大学中黑人运动员的辍学率特别高。
因此选Co6. A) They display great tale nt in every kind of game.B) They are better at sports tha n at academic work.C) They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D) They make money for the college but ofte n fail to earn a degree.【答案】D【解析】题目问这份研究对黑人男性运动员有什么新的发现。
男士说到：他们是以给学校创造收入的工薪阶层的身份存在的，而不是以受教育的学生的身份存在的。
就是说，黑人男性运动员只是学校的挣钱工具，而学校并没有给他们太多接受学术教育的机会。
因此选07. A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.C) Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.【答案】C【解析】题目问黑人男性运动员的毕业率是多少。
女士回答：在65所学校中只有勉强一半多一点儿的黑人能毕业。
因此选C o8. A) Coaches lack the incen tive to graduate them.B) College degrees do not count much to them.C) They have little in terest in academic work.D) Schools do not deem it a serious problem.【答案】A【解析】题目问根据男士可知，黑人运动员没能取得大学学位的原因是什么。