考研英语完型填空第三讲

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2024年度考研完形填空讲义pdf

关注段落间的因果连词，如“因此”、 “所以”等，这些词语可以帮助判断段落间的因果关系。
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识别并列关系
留意段落间的并列连词，如“同时” 、“并且”等，这些词语表明段落间存在并列关系。
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上下文线索寻找
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注意代词指代
代词如“它”、“他们”等在文章中通常指代前文提及的某个或某些事物，通过寻找代词指代可以明确上下文关系。
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备考策略与技巧
扩大阅读量
通过大量阅读，提高对不同文体和主题的熟悉度，增强语感和阅读速度。
积累词汇和短语
重点记忆和复习考研词汇范围内的单词和短语，特别注意一词多义和熟词僻义的现象。
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训练上下文推理能力
学会利用上下文线索推断词义和选择最佳答案，注意文章中的逻辑关系和转折词。
高频词汇例句解析
针对每个高频词汇，给出相应的例句和解析，帮助考生在具体语境中理解词汇的含义和用法。
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常用短语搭配
完形填空常用短语汇总
总结考研完形填空中经常出现的短语搭配，包括动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语等，方便考生系统学习和记忆。
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短语搭配记忆技巧
提供记忆短语搭配的方法和技巧，如联想记忆、对比记忆等，帮助考生快速掌握并灵活运用这些短语。
定语和状语
识别定语和状语，理解它们对句子意思的修饰和限制。
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复杂句型解析
并列句
识别并列连词，理解并列句的结构和意义。
复合句
识别主句和从句，理解复合句的结构和意义。
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考研英语VIP班讲义状语从句

考研语法精讲第三讲状语从句请找出句子中的状语部分He will arrive here next week.In order to succeed, he insists reading the lecture notes once a day. Terry was late this morning because of the traffic congestion.He will not pay back your money if you do not cooperate. Johnson went to the theatre by foot.一、状语从句的分类1. 时间状语从句2. 地点状语从句3. 原因状语从句4. 条件状语从句5. 目的状语从句6. 结果状语从句7. 让步状语从句8. 比较状语从句9. 方式状语从句二．时间状语从句1.时间状语从句☆连接词例句As As the time went on, Einstein’s theory proved to becorrect.When Can you spare me 5 minutes when it’s convenien t? While While I stayed in France, I made many friends. After He changed his address after he left Beijing.before It may be many years before the situations improve.2. 时间状语从句☆ ☆3.时间状语从句☆ ☆ ☆连接词例句No sooner than 一 …就…We hardly sat down to supper when the phone rang. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. (倒装)(时态——hardly 后跟过去完成时， when 后跟一般过去时)the time we graduate from the university, She no sooner has said it than she burst into tears.No sooner has she said it than she burst into tears. (倒装)她一说起这件事，眼泪就哗哗的留下来。

2019考研英语完形填空精选练习题第三套

2019考研英语完形填空精选练习题第三套Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is ___1___ only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, ___2___ embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to ___3___ the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive. ___4___, thereis an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, ___5___ broken, makes the offender immediately the object of___6___.It has been known as a fact that the a British has a___7___ for the discussion of their weather and that, ifgiven a chance, he will talk about it ___8___. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom ___9___ forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and ___10___to everyone. This may be so. ___11___ a British cannot have much ___12___ in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong___13___ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather toall districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate——or as inaccurate——as the weathermen in his___14___.Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references___15___ weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetingsare ___16___ by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn't it?" "Beautiful!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning,how are you?" ___17___ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. ___18___ he wants to start a conversation with a British but is ___19___ to knowswheresto begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather.It is a safe subject which will ___20___ an answer from even the most reserved of the British.1. A. relaxed B. frustrated C. amused D. exhausted2. A. yet B. otherwise C. even D. so3. A. experience B. witness C. watch D. undergo4. A. Deliberately B. Consequently C. FrequentlyD. Apparently5. A. unless B. once C. while D. as6. A. suspicion B. opposition C. criticism D. praise7. A. emotion B. fancy C. likeliness D. judgement8. A. at length B. to a great extent C. from his heart D. by all means9. A. follows B. predicts C. defies D. supports10. A. dedication B. compassion C. contemplationD. speculation11. A. Still B. Also C. Certainly D. Fundamentally12. A. faith B. reliance C. honor D. credit13. A. if B. once C. when D. whereas14. A. propositions B. predictions C. approvalD. defiance15. A. about B. on C. in D. to16. A. started B. conducted C. replaced D. proposed17. A. Since B. Although C. However D. Only if18. A. Even if B. Because C. If D. For19. A. at a loss B. at last C. insgroups D. on the occasion20. A. stimulate B. constitute C. furnish D. provoke参考答案1. A2.C3.B4.D5.B6.C7.B8.A9.A 10.D11. C 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.D。

考研备考英语：完形填空真题解析

考研备考英语：完形填空真题解析考研备考英语：完形填空真题解析【真题例举】As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar考查逻辑关系第1题，答案A【解析】空白处的词语作“We suddenly can't remember”的宾语，同时在宾语从句“we put the keys just a moment ago”中作状语。

考研英语辅导---第三次课(完形填空语法) (1)

练习 The use of advanced techniques by farmers who could afford them could raise their incomes through increased productivity although prices went down. 虽然价格下跌，用得起先进技术的农民仍可以通过提高生产力来增加自己的收入。 The ratio in the table shows the extent to which value added in agriculture has been protected relative to value added in industry. 表中的比率表明与工业增值相比，农业增值所受到的保护程度。
某一特定的语法结构的形式、意义和用法这
三者之间是相互联系的，图示如下：
形式（Form）语法结构怎样构成（准确性）（基础）
意义（Meaning）语法结构表达什么意义（表意性）（关键）
Байду номын сангаас
用法（Usage）何时/为什么使用（合适性）（目的）
两个目标、三个阶段：
高级阶段过渡阶段初级阶段

意义：某个语法结构表达的意义。如“现在完成进行时”可以表示“一个活动从过去一直延续到现在说话时刻”这样的含义，这就是现在完成时态这一结构所具备的语法意义。由此可以看出，特定意义一般是对应于特定的结构形式的，或者说，特定的结构形式能够表达特定的意义。对于一个句子，它的含义不仅仅是来自于句中所使用的词汇的含义，而是还有来自于其中特定语法结构所含有的语法意义。
演绎
即兴回答提问想象理解，想出
真题词汇句型

研究生英语精读教程第三版 i have a dream的完形填空

研究生英语精读教程第三版 i have a dream的完形填空I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.I have a dream today!I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers.I have a dream today!I have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places willbe made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight; and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.This is our hope. This is the faith that I go back to the South with. With this faith, we will be able to hew out of the mountain of despair a stone of hope. With this faith, we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood. With this faith, we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to go to jail together, to stand up for freedom together, knowing that we will be free one day.And this will be the day -- this will be the day when all of God's children will be able to sing with new meaning:My country 'tis of thee, sweet land of liberty, of thee I sing.Land where my fathers died, land of the Pilgrim's pride,From every mountainside, let freedom ring!And if America is to be a great nation, this must become true. So let freedom ring from the prodigious hilltops of New Hampshire. Let freedom ring from the mighty mountains of New York. Let freedom ring from the heightening Alleghenies of Pennsylvania.Let freedom ring from the snow-capped Rockies of Colorado! Let freedom ring from the curvaceous slopes of California!But not only that; let freedom ring from Stone Mountain of Georgia! Let freedom ring from Lookout Mountain of Tennessee!Let freedom ring from every hill and molehill of Mississippi. From every mountainside, let freedom ring.And when this happens, when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual:Free at last! Free at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last!。

2018考研英语完型填空提分试题

考研英语完型填空提分试题2018考研英语完型填空提分试题Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible14. A. outB. forC. onD. up15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory参考答案及解析：1. 【答案】B. However【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. however 然而，正合题意。

2021考研英语完型填空练习题及解析(三)

2021考研英语完型填空练习题及解析（三）【导语】锲而舍之，朽木不折；锲而不舍，金石可镂。

备考也需要这样持之以恒的精神。

There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest.In a plan called“Station Renaissance”that it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at trainstations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods.The company also plans to introduce __14__cards&mdashknown in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuitfor__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an__18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink答案1.C2.A3.D4.A5.C6.D7.B8.C9.A 10.A11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A总体分析本文介绍了东日本铁路公司引人关注的新计划。

考研英语复习题及答案：完型填空

考研英语复习题及答案：完型填空考研英语复习题及答案：完型填空【考研英语复习题及答案：完型填空1】As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“mon law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other centralgover____ental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our mon-law system.Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the UnitedStates.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides casesafter“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to havethe__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.Juries are used in both civil cases，whichdecide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the gover____ent __14__ that individuals have mitted crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyersrepresenting the__20__under rules dictated by state law.1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D]integrated5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C]reflections [D] speculations11.[A] outline [B] oute [C] input [D] intake12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective[D] prospective20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units答案1. B2. D3. A4. C5. B6. D7.C8.B9. B 10. A11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19.D 20. B总体分析^p本文介绍了美国的陪审团制度。

2014考研英语冲刺突击完型填空专项模拟与答案(3)

凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！2014 考研英语冲刺突击完型填空专项模拟及答案 (3)Text 3Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast 1 places on earth. But they also 2 beyond theindividual places and consider the earth as a 3 . The word Geography 4 from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for“ earth” and graphein, 5 means“ to write” . The English word geography means“ to describe the earth” . 6 geography books 7 on asmall area like a town or city. Other deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an8 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another 9 to dividethe study of10 is to distinguish between physical geography and 11 geography. Theformer focus on the natural world; the 12 starts with human beings and studies 13human being and their environment act 14 each other.15 when geography is consideredas a single subject, 16 branch can neglect the other.A geographer might be described17 one who observes, records, and explains the18 between places.If places were alike,there would be little need for geographer.We know, 19 ,that no two places are exactly the same. Geography,20 ,is a point of view, a special way of looking at places.1.A. similarB. distantC. variousD. famous2.A. passB. go C. reachD. get3.A. wholeB. untilC. part D. total4.A. fallsB. resultsC. removesD. comes5.A. whatB. which C. that D. it6.A. SomeB. MostC. ManyD. Few7.A. relyB. restC. reckonD. focus8.A. extensiveB. overallC. entire D. enormous9.A. wayB. meansC. habitD. technique10.A. world B. earthC. geographyD. globe11.A. mental B. militaryC. economicD. cultural12.A. second B. nextC. laterD. latter13.A. when B. whatC. whereD. how14.A. upon B. asC. forD. to15.A. And B. ButC. ThereforeD. For16.A. neither B. oneC. either D. each17.A. for B. asC. toD. by18.A. exceptions B. samenessC. differenceD. divisions19.A. moreover B. meanwhileC. howeverD. or else20.A. still B. then C. neverthelessD. moreoverText 3答案1.【答案】 C. various【解析】本题测试词义搭配. various各种各样的，不同的。

考研英语完形填空32篇和标准答案

完型填空练习题Text 1Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the 1 of finger-prints and discovered that no 2 similar pattern is 3 from parents to children, 4 nobody knows why this is the 5 .The ridge 6 on a person’ finger doesn’t change7 growth and is not affected by 8 injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the 9 part of the skin will be replaced 10 by a new one which bears the reproduction of the 11 pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 12 Some criminals make use of this to 13 their own finger-prints 14 this is a dangerous and rare step to 15 .Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method, 16 can be achieved successfully within a short time. 17 the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A 8 man may deny the charge but this may be 19 . His finger-prints can prove who he is even his 20 has been changed by age or accident.C. magnitudeD. uniqueness1. A. uselessness—B. quantity2. A. naturally B. exactly C. especially D. particularlyC. passed outD. passed off3. A. passed on@B. passed away4. A. if B. when C. though D. asC. groundD. case5. A. reason]B. cause6. A. construction B. structure C. location D. position7. A. with%C. untilD. underB. because of8. A. grave B. severe C. substantial D. superficialC. innerD. outer9. A. outside·B. outward10. A. in time B. on time C. at times D. behind timeC. definiteD. customary11. A. original￥B. different12. A. restored B. hurt C. destroyed D. restrictedC. undermineD. remove13. A. diminish/B. dispose14. A. and B. but C. when D. if15. A. make%C. doD. adaptB. take16. A. realization B. detection C. identification D. investigationC. Because ofD. In case of17. A. In spite of；B. Irrespective of18. A. suspected B. doubted C. distrusted D. doubtfulC. at randomD. in question19. A. out of case*B. in vain20. A. look B. expression C. appearance D. sight《~Text 2When television first began to expand, very few of the people who had become famous as radio commentators were equally effective on television. Some of the 1 they experienced when they were trying to 2 themselves to the new medium were technical. When working 3 radio, for example, they had become 4 to seeing on 5 of the listener. This 6 of seeing for others means that the 7 has to be very good at talking. 8 all, he has to be able to 9 a continuous sequence of visual images which 10 meaning to the sounds which the listener hears. In the 11 of television, however, the commentator sees 12 with the viewer. His role, therefore, is 13 different. He is there to make 14 that the viewer does not 15 some points of interest, to help him 16 on particular things, and to 17 the images on the television screen. 18 his radio colleague, he must know the 19 of silence and how to use it at those moments 20 the pictures speaks for themselves.1. A. difficulties B. successes C. sufferings D. incidentsD. modify2. A. turn B. adapt（C. alter3. A. on B. at C. with D. behindD. accustomed4. A. experienced B. determined…C. established5. A. account B. side C. point D. behalf6. A. efficiency B. technology，D. performanceC. art7. A. commentator B. TV viewer C. speaker D. authorD. In8. A. Of B. For#C. Above9. A. inspire B. create C. cause D. perceiveD. reflect10. A. add B. apply！C. affect11. A. occasion B. event C. fact D. caseD. anything12. A. something B. nothing—C. everything13. A. equally B. completely C. initially D. hardly14. A. definite B. possible,D. clearC. sure15. A. lose B. deprive C. relieve D. miss16. A. focus B. attend[D. insistC. follow17. A. exhibit B. demonstrate C. expose D. interpret18. A. Like B. Unlike)D. ForC. As19. A. purpose B. goal C. value D. intention20. A. if B. when |D. asC. which]"Text 3Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land. Geographers compare and contrast 1 places on earth. But they also 2 beyond the individual places and consider the earth as a 3 . The word Geography 4 from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, 5 means “ to write”. The English word geography means “to describe the earth”.6 geography books7 on a small area like a town or city. Other deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an8 continent. Many geography books deal with the whole earth. Another9 to divide the study of 10 is to distinguish between physical geography and 11 geography. The former focus on the natural world; the 12 starts with human beings and studies 13 human being and their environment act 14 each other. 15 when geography is considered as a single subject, 16 branch can neglect the other.A geographer might be described 17 one who observes, records, and explains the 18 between places. If places were alike, there would be little need for geographer.We know, 19 ,that no two places are exactly the same. Geography, 20 ,is a point of view, a special way of looking at places.1. A. similar B. distant C. various{D. famous2. A. pass B. go C. reach D. get3. A. whole B. until C. part ]D. total4. A. falls B. results C. removes D. comes5. A. what B. which C. that ·D. it6. A. Some B. Most C. Many D. Few7. A. rely B. rest C. reckon；D. focus8. A. extensive B. overall C. entire D. enormous9. A. way B. means C. habit/D. technique10. A. world B. earth C. geography D. globe11. A. mental B. military C. economic—D. cultural12. A. second B. next C. later D. latter13. A. when B. what C. where>D. how14. A. upon B. as C. for D. to15. A. And B. But C. Therefore…D. For16. A. neither B. one C. either D. each17. A. for B. as C. to—D. by18. A. exceptions B. sameness C. difference D. divisions19. A. moreover B. meanwhile C. however…D. or else20. A. still B. then C. nevertheless D. moreover￥~Text4Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.1. A. Hence B. However、C. AnywayD. Furthermore2. A. joy B. discomfort C. convenience D. relief3. A. consideration B. attention[C. beliefD. concern4. A. against B. for C. in D. on5. A. In consequence B. On the otherhand @C. In factD. After all6. A. instinctively B. instantly C. spontaneously D. reluctantly7. A. suffer B. subject\C. submitD. sustain8. A. certain B. sure C. doubtless D. right9. A. entered B. joined%C. attendedD. involved10. A. reason B. persuade C. argue D. suggest11. A. stop B. object@C. banD. prevent12. A. entirely B. likely C. generally D. possibly13. A. likely B. probable*C. properD. possible14. A. out B. for C. on D. up15. A. rather B. better"C. moreD. other16. A. prohibited B. protected C. reserved D. cleared17. A. Furthermore B. Consequently！C. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere18. A. idea B. duty C. sense D. responsibility19. A. persist B. maintain'C. stickD. adhere20. A. in mind B. in head C. in heart D. in memory }Text5}Having passed what I considered the worst obstacle, our spirits rose. We 1 towards the left of the cliff, where the going was better, 2 rather steeper. Here we found little snow, 3 most of it seemed to have been 4 off the mountain. There was no 5 of the mountain in the distance because the clouds were forming all around us.About 1 o’clock a storm 6 suddenly. We had time to have 7 its approach but we were concentrating on cutting steps, and 8 we had time to do anything, we were blinded by snow. We could not move up or down and had to wait 9 , getting colder and colder. 10 my hood(兜帽), my nose and cheeks were frostbitten and I dared not take a hand out of my glove to warm them. After two hours of this, I realized we would have to do 11 to avoid being frozen to death where we stood. From time to time through the mist I had 12 the outline of a dark buttress(扶壁)just above us, to descend in the wind was 13 question; our only hope was to scramble up to this buttress, and dig out a platform at the foot of it on which we could 14 our tent.We climbed to this place and started to 15 the ice. At first my companion seemed to regard the 16 as hopeless but gradually the wind 17 and he cheered up. 18 we had made a platform big enough to put up the tent, and we did this as 19 we could. We 20 into our sleeping bags and fell asleep, felling that we were lucky to be still alive.1. A. set B. got C. made%D. took2. A even B. though C. so D. if3. A. when B. where C. as，D. so that4. A. fallen B. flown C. split D. blown5. A. view B. vision C. look）D. glimpse6. A. came up B. came out C. came over D. came on7. A. viewed B. noticed C. notified,D. glanced8. A. after B. before C. unless D. until9. A. motionlessly B. constantly C. steadily:D. continually10. A. In spite of B. In relation to C. In case of D. In the event of11. A. anything B. nothing C. something？D. everything12. A. laid out B. made out C. drawn out D. marked out13. A. without B. in C. beyond}D. out of date14. A. wrench B. wedge C. pad D. pinch15. A. cut down B. cut away C. cut out"D. cut off16. A. position B. situation C. occupation D. orientation17. A. died out B. died off C. died back！D. died down18. A. Instead of B. Furthermore C. Indeed D. At last19. A. well B. good C. best#D. better20. A. climbed B. crashed C. crept D. crawled【Text6Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends Because they destroy so many insects, and insects 1 some of the greatest enemies of the human race. Insects would make 2 impossible for us to live in the world. They would devour (eat up quickly) all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, were it not 3 the protection we get from insect-eating animals. We 4 a lot to the birds and beasts who eat insects but all of them 5 together kill only a fraction of the 6 destroyed by spiders. 7 , unlike some of the insect eaters, spiders never do the least 8 to us or our belongings.Spiders are not insects, 9 many people think, 10 even nearly related to them. One can tell the 11 almost at a glance, 12 a spider always has eight legs but an insect never more than six.…How many spiders are 13 in this work on our 14 One authority 15 spiders made a 16 of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, and he estimated that there were more than 2 250 000 in one acre; that is 17 like 6000 000 spiders of different kinds on a football field. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is 18 to make more than the 19 guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creature, not 20 with only three meals a day.1. A. include B. involve C. consist D. cover2. A. this B. that ？D. themC. it3. A. with B. for C. of D. on4. A. devote B. dedicate!D. contributeC. owe5. A. gotten B. put C. linked D. associatedD. proportion6. A. number B. amount、C. plenty7. A. Consequently B. Moreover C. Conversely D. HoweverD. harm8. A. damage B. ruin%C. good9. A. as B. which C. because D. thoughD. none10. A. so B. either~C. nor11. A. likeness B. difference C. similarity D. appearance12. A. if B. although） D. whenC. for13. A. participated B. joined C. enclosed D. involvedD. behalf14. A. honor B. sake；C. side15. A. on B. in C. about D. withD. consciousness16. A. census B. consensus{C. conscience17. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everythingD. probable18. A. likely B. useless(C. impossible19. A. broadest B. widest C. bravest D. wildestD. content20. A. concerned B. identified|C. patient￥Text7Cheques have largely replaced money as a mean s of exchange, for they are widely accepted everywhere . Though this is very 1 for both buyer and seller, it should not be forgotten that cheuqes are not real money: they are quite 2 in themselves. A shop-keeper always runs a certain 3 when he accepts a cheque and he is quite 4 his rights if, 5 ,he refuses to do so.People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called 6 . An old and very wealth friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant 7 . He went to a famous jewellery shop which keeps a large 8 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces. After examining several trays, he 9 to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay 10 cheque. The assistant said that this was quite 11 , but the moment my friend signed his name, he was invited into the manager’s office.（The manager was very polite, but he explained that someone with 12 the same name had presented them with a 13 cheque not long age. He told my friend that the police would arrive 14 any moment and he had better stay 15 he wanted to get into serious trouble. 16 , the police arrived soon afterwards They apologized to my friend for the 17 and asked him to 18 a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shop .The note 19 :“I have a gun in my pocket. Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.”20 , my friend’s handwriting was quite unlike the thief’s.1. A. complicated B. trivial C. bearable D. convenient2. A. valueless B. invaluable`D. indefiniteC. valuable3. A. danger B. change C. risk D. opportunityD. out of4. A. within B. beyond]C. without5. A. in general B. at the least C. on occasion D. in shortD. in question6. A. in difficulty B. in doubt！C. in earnest7. A. accident B. experience C. event D. incidentD. store8. A. amount B. stock-C. number9. A. considered B. thought C. conceived D. decidedD. through10. A. by B. in^C. with11. A. in order B. in need C. in use D. in common12. A. largely B. mostly<D. extremelyC. exactly13. A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. worthlessD. during14. A. for B. at》C. until15. A. whether B. if C. otherwise D. unlessD. However16. A. Really B. Sure enough 】C. Certainly17. A. treatment B. manner C. inconvenience D. behavior18. A. write off B. write out，D. make outC. copy out19. A. read B. told C. wrote D. informedD. Basically20. A. Especially B. Fortunately￥C. Naturally>Text 8In October 2002, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank 1 a new electronic market for economic indices that 2 substantial economic risks, such as nonfarm payroll (a measure of job availability) and retail sales. This new market was made possible by a 3 rating technology, developed by Longitude, a New York company providing software for financial markets, 4 the Parimutuel Digital Call Auction. This is “digital” 5 of a digital option: ., it pays out only if an underlying index lies in a narrow, discrete range. In effect, Longitude has created a horse race, where each “horse” wins if and 6 the specified index falls in a specified range. By creating horses for every possibl 7 of the index, and allowing people to bet 8 any number of runners, the company has produced a liquidintegrated electronic market for a wide array options on economic indices.Ten years ago it was 9 impossible to make use of electronic information about home values. Now, mortgage lenders have online automated valuation models that allow them to estimate values and to 10 the risk in their portfolios. This has led to a proliferation of types of home loan, some of 11 have improved risk-management characteristics.We are also beginning to see new kinds of 12 for homes, which will make it possible to protect the value of 13 , for most people, is the single most important 14 of their wealth. The Yale University-Neighbourhood Reinvestment Corporation programme, 15 last year in the city of Syracuse, in New York state, may be a model for home-equity insurance policies that 16 sophisticated economic indices of house prices to define the 17 of the policy. Electronic futures markets that are based on econometric indices of house prices by city, already begun by City Index and IG Index in Britain and now 18 developed in the United States, will enable home-equity insurers to hedge the risks that they acquire by writing these policies.These examples are not impressive successes yet. But they 19 as early precursors of a technology that should one day help us to deal with the massive risks of inequality that 20 will beset us in coming years.D. originated1. A. created B. generated(C. initiated2. A. reproduce B. restore C. represent D. resumeD. established3. A. sophisticated B. expensive：C. available4. A. made B. called C. asked D. readD. in the sense5. A. in the course B. in the event}C. in the light6. A. when B. until C. now that D. only if7. A. extent B. range@D. areaC. line8. A. for B. in C. on D. upD. originally9. A. virtually B. admittedly&C. absolutely10. A. assume B. assess C. dismiss D. eraseD. whom11. A. them B. which`C. that12. A. management B. insurance C. security D. technologyD. it13. A. what B. those，C. where14. A. guarantee B. protection C. component D. sourceD. launched15. A. secured B. sponsored*C. released16. A. look to B. set up C. lay down D. rely onD. consequences17. A. terms B. specifications@C. concepts18. A. is B. being C. been D. are19. A. emerge B appear【D. ariseC. stand20. A. somehow B. anyway C. otherwise D. therebyText 9/Globalization will h ave a powerful effect on the future of dining. Recipes and meals from the world’s kitchens will be 1 anywhere and anytime. Globalization is the master2that will drive the world of food. Formerly remote 3 and cooking styles are creating a whole new culinary mosaic as they are4and reinterpreted all over the world.For the globe-trotting businessman, food savvy will be an important5of career mastery. Being successful in South America or the Far East means having insight6another culture, and local7will become an important component of that. People will need8of food and ingredients from different continents and cultures as one aspect of9, cultural exchange, and success.10, culinary globalism will not be limited to physical travel. Chefs will learn about 11 ingredients, recipes, and techniques without ever leaving their kitchens. Soul food will continue to appeal, even as diners grow more12. Look for collard greens and fried chicken on the menus of upscale restaurants. Fast-casual restaurants--trendy eateries that combine speed and quality--should keep growing in 13 . Ethnic cuisines will14 globally and combine: Look for chifa, a mixture of Japanese and Spanish foods,15 its native Peru. Uzbek dishes, meanwhile, combine Persian, Russian, and Chinese16at bistros in New York and Chicago.Pizza on a griddle New York chef Mario Batali is among those 17pizza, making it thinner, healthier, and more 18. One size does not fit all: look for designer delis, 19 you can choose from a wide variety of main and 20 dishes to take home and heat up yourself.1[A]suitable[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]available2[A] trend—[B] fashion[C] tendency[D] style3[A] components[B] foods[C] ingredients[D] stuffs、4[A] transported[B] transplanted[C] transferred[D] translated5[A] part[B] role>[C] portion[D] side6[A] in[B] into[C] to[D] by7<[A] tastes[B] flavors[C] dishes[D] courses8[A] information[B] knowledge[C] insight([D] experience9[A] socialization[B] realization[C]standardization[D] localization10[A] However;[B] Somehow[C] Moreover[D] Anyway11[A] strange[B] new[C] exotic[D] remote& 12[A] health-conscious[B]price-conscious[C]taste-conscious[D]diversity-conscious13[A] population[B] popularity；[C] quantity[D] prosperity 14[A] expand[B] extend[C] export[D] exclude15|[B] by[C] over[D] beyond[A] from16[A] flavors[B] flowers[C] flours|[D] flames17[A] recreating[B] rethinking[C] representing[D] replacing18[A] portable,[C] edible[D] popular[B] attractive19[A] when[B] why[C] where[D] which[A] small[B] side[C] minor[D] secondary)20\Text 10Things in the henhouse changed practically overnight when McDonald’s announced in 1999 that it would no longer buy eggs from producers who didn’t meet its guidelines for care of chickens. Those guidelines included limiting the 1 of birds that could be kept in one 2 and prohibiting beak removal, 3 trimming just the tips.Once McDon ald’s had4the way in issuing animal care guidelines for the company’s suppliers, many other giants of the fast-food industry rapidly followed 5, including Burger King, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Wendy’s, A and W and KFC. Now, the American Meat Institute ha s 6 welfare guidelines and audit 7 for cattle, pigs, and chickens. And the European Union, representing our foreign customers, is also 8 in with, among other things, legislation banning. 9 use of crates to house pregnant sows, 10 in 2013.Questions about animal care 11 with the explosive growth in large-scale livestock farms, 12 spurred customers to complain about animals being treated as “factory parts”. That spurred ARS and the livestock industry to take a proactive approach to addressing animal13issues, making sure that guidelines are based on facts 14 through scientific research. The goal is to share research findings with the retail food industry and others so that the livestock industry can improve its 15 guidelines.Ten years ago, to 16 these concerns, ARS started a research program on livestock behavior and stress. The scientists involved were tasked with finding out whether modern farming practices were 17 stressing animals. And if so, could scientific methods be developed to measure this stress so that 18 could be evaluated objectively rather than subjectively？A decade later, the 19 answer is “yes” to both questions, Many had expected the answer to be “no” on both counts, but science works independently20 pe ople’s opinions.1. A. amount B. number C. figure D. sumC. caseD. cart2. A. cage'B. cave3. A. but for B. except for C. aside from D. away from4. A. paved【C. ledD. openedB. changed5. A. suit B. step C. set D. super6. A. adapted· C. approved D. acceptedB. adopted7. A. booklets B. pamphlets C. brochures D. checklistsC. consideringD. thinking8. A. measuring·B. weighing9. A. prolonged B. proceeded C. programmed D. progressed10. A. efficient（C. effusiveD. electiveB. effective11. A. raised B. rose C. arose D. poseC. whichD. how12. A. who 【B. what13. A. health B. life C. wealth D welfareC. provedD. tested14. A. decided(B. determined15. A. voluntary B. revolutionary C. preliminary D. necessaryC. suppressD. compress16. A. express》B. address17. A. unduly B. unequally C. unfortunately D. unfavorablyC. problemsD. practices18. A. performances$B. programs19. A. sequential B. initial C. essential D. financialC. byD. with20. A. of^B. onText 11,You probably know that it’s better for both you and the environment if you buy an organic tomato instead of one that’s been doused in pesticides, but there are lots of other things to consider before venturing down the aisle of your local superm arket (or farmer’s market).The explosion in1produce and other foods during the last few years has been an extremely 2development in the food industry. However,3still exists about exactly what the organic4 means. Do you know the difference betwee n a cereal that’s “organic,” “100% organic,” and “made with organic5” The USDA has clearly defined standards that6which of those labels can legally go on your raisin bran. You can learn more about them atOrganic foods are great, but the jury is still very much out7another new development in the food world: genetically8organisms (GMOs). No one knows for certain the short and9 effects of these products of gene engineering,l0there’s a chance they could lead to the11 creation of “superweeds” o r12with natural plant stocks, for more information on GMOs, we recommend visiting13you’re shopping, don’t forget to consider the companies behind the14names. One cereal company might be an environmental champion,15the other manufactures its corn flakes via l6environmental practices. An easy way to compare two companies is to use17such as Responsible . They present both the good and bad sides of every company they18, and they grade hundreds of companies on social, ethical and environmental issues.Remember:19conscious shopping is a powerful tool for effecting change. You can make a difference every time you fill your 20cart.1. A. green B. organic C. healthy D. optional2. A. positive B. negative C. active :D. passive3. A. controversy B. contribution C. conversion D. confusion4. A. label B. mark C. word…D. food5. A. components B. genes C. ingredients D. compositions6. A. determine B. illustrate C. recommend <D. demonstrate7. A. in B. to C. for D. on8. A. moved B. modified C. modeled、D. motivated9. A. long-run B. long-term C. long-day D. long-distance10. B. and C. but》D. or. unconditional B. unexceptional C. unintentional D. uncontroversial12. A. interfere B. intervene C. interact…D. intrude13. A. Any time B. Anytime C. Some time D. Sometime14. A. brand B. code C. product \D. family15. A. when B. while C. as D. because16. A. constructive B. destructive C. instructive `D. obstructive17. A. sights B. addresses C. sites D. webs18. A. profit B. profile C. propose ~D. protect19. A. socially B. conditionally C. morally D. environmentally20. A. nursery B. grocery C. bakery *D. stationeryText12Responsibilities. We all have them; most of us have more than we’d like. That doesn’t change the reality that, sooner or later, we all have to1up to them. But perhaps it does explain our2to add to the ever-growing list. There’s already so much to do in a day, why tack on an3burden？Unfortunately, it’s this kind of defeatist mentality4keeps people from enhancing their lives through proper5and exercise. Here is the salient point, though: The health and fitness benefits you’ll derive from6the necessary work are worth whatever sacrifices you must make7the way. I can’t count how many times I’ve heard the same8. Each time, I always give the same response: Yes, I say, working out is work. So is taking the9to eat right.10yourself on the。

考研英语语法精讲讲义——屠皓民

考研英语语法精讲讲义北京新东方学校国内部屠皓民总述1. 考研语法的重要性2. 考研语法有哪些简单句20%并列句10%三大从句60%特殊句法10%3. 考研语法怎么考直接考查（1）完形填空The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener ___ interfere with his comprehension.A. whoB. asC. whichD. what分析：The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener ___ interfere with his comprehension.used by the speaker 分词结构充当the words 的修饰定语；句子的主体结构为the words may stir up unfavorable reactions；填空部分引导从句修饰名词reactions（2）书面表达语言多样化The boy is standing there. He was praised by the teacher.The boy who was praised by the teacher is standing there.间接考查（1）理解阅读理解文章，对比选项帮助理解阅读理解People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-century department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.”句子主体：People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption”（2）分析翻译部分长句完成翻译考题中的句子分析Only recently did linguists begin the serious study of languages that were very different from their own.语言考点：部分倒装+定语从句第一讲定语从句It is Liu Yinan.Liu Yinan likes playing volleyball.用who替代指代人的相同名词who引导的句子放在相同名词的后面It is Liu Yinan who likes playing volleyball. （who代替Liu Yinan）He enjoys reading newspapers.Newspapers can tell him a lot of knowledge.用which替代指代物的相同名词which引导句子放在相同名词的后面He enjoys reading newspapers which can tell him a lot of knowledge.(which替代newspapers) The boy is my brother.He helped me.= The boy who helped me is my brother.This is the mountain village.I visited it last year.= This is the mountain village which/that I visited last year.定语从句：用who/which/that等关系代词引导一个句子修饰前面的名词The factory is over there.My father worked in it ten years ago.= The factory which my father workedin ten years ago is over there.The factory in which my father worked ten years ago is over there.His father died that year.He was born in that year.= His father died that yearwhich he was born in.His father died that year in which he was born.I cannot forget the dayMy family moved into the city on that day.= I cannot forget the day which my family moved into the city on.I cannot forget the day on which my family moved into the city.His father died that year in which he was born.in which= in whichHis father died that year when he was born.I cannot forget the day on which my family moved into the city.I cannot forget the day when my family moved into the city.The factory in which my father worked ten years ago is over there.The factory where my father worked ten years ago is over there.定语从句：用who/which/that等关系代词和where/when等关系副词引导一个句子修饰前面的名词第二讲定语从句的拆分Have you heard of a pig that is nearly as smart as a human being?从句部分：that is nearly as smart as a human beingAn elephant and a mouse fell in love with each other, which is most unusual.从句部分：which is most unusual 非限定性定语从句定语从句类型非限定性定语从句He got the first prize, which is out of my expectation.限定性定语从句Have you finished the work that the teacher asked?I have a sister who is a nurse.I have a sister, who is a nurse.区别：【1】从句作用不同【2】翻译方式不同The speed at which China’s economy has been growing in the past decade is remarkable.从句部分：at which China’s economy has been growing in the past decade拆分步骤1. 圈定句中动词2. 圈定句中关系代词或关系副词3. 动词1+ 关系词+动词2关系词+ 动词1 + 动词2The child whose parents died in the car crash was left in the care of his grandparents.The first case of bird flu that was reported in Thailand captured the attention of officials from WHO. She has the confidence with which she can overcome every obstacle that she may come across in her life.第三讲定语从句的省略句子主体构成The teacher praised the boy.主谓宾The man is the professor of the university.主系表I know the girl who comes from Beijing.I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.The book which is related to the development has been published recently.当关系词在从句中充当主语时，可以省略，后面的动词发生形式变化——主动语态时，动词变成-ING形式被动语态时，动词保留过去分词形式I know the girl who comes from BJ.I often like reading short novels which were written by Hemingway.I often like reading short novels written by Hemingway.I raise a dog which is named KING.* I raise a dog named KING.I believe the candidate who made the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support.*I believe the candidate making the speech in the assembly yesterday is sure to win the support.I know the boy who was praised by the teacher.The book which is related to the development has been published recently.They lived in a house facing the south.= They lived in a house which faced the south.The workers working in the factory are well-paid.= The workers who work in the factory are well-paid.= The workers who are working in the factory are well-paid.The tie worn by our head was made in Shanghai.= The tie which is worn by our head was made in Shanghai.The book written by Wang sells well.= The book which was written by Wang sells well.第四讲定语从句真题演练America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.For a while,it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.People are absorbed into “a culture of consumption” launched by the 19th-centur y department stores that offered “vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere.”The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.The researchers made great progress in the early 1970s, when they discovered that oncogenes, which are cancer-causing genes, are inactive in normal cells.第五讲特殊句型之倒装基本句型主谓宾定状表I like watching the romantic movies in my spare time.He is a famous teacher in this university.谓语动词的助动词watch--- dowatched--- didwatches--- doeshas/have watched--- has/havehad watched--- hadcan watch --- can全部倒装——谓语动词放置在主语之前An old man lives in the city center.= In the city center lives an old man.A temple stands on the mountain.= On the mountain stands a temple.全部倒装？强调句中的地点副词或状语There goes the bus.In the city center lives an old man.Under the tress sat a wounded soldier.With economic growth has come centralization: fully 76 percent of Japan’s 119 million citizens live in cities where community and the extended family have been abandoned in favor of isolated, two-generation house-holds.考研阅读全部倒装难点：分词结构的倒装(a) All kinds of sea animal bodies are buried in the deep sea.(b) Our teacher was walking at the head of the line.(a)Buried in the deep sea are all kinds of sea animal bodies.(b)Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.(a) Added to the stress is their opportunity for stress. (2008)(b) Emerging from the 1980 census is the picture of a nation developing more and more regional competition, as population growth in the Northeast and Midwest reaches a near standstill.部分倒装——主语和谓语动词位置不变，将谓语动词的助动词放置到主语的前面。

考研英语完形填空大纲解析及考点分析带近9年真题和答案

考研英语二完形填空第一讲大纲解析及考点分析第一部分英语知识运用考试大纲对“完形填空”题型的说明（英语一）该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素(包括词汇、表达方式和结构)的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征(如连贯性和一致性等)的辨识能力等。

共20 小题，每小题 0.5 分，共 10 分。

在一篇 240~280 词的文章中留出 20 个空白，要求考生从每题给出的 4 个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

（英语二）主要考查考生对英语知识的综合运用能力。

共 20 小题，每小题 0.5分，共 10 分。

在一篇约 350 词的文章中留出 20 个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4 个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。

英语知识运用考试要求：不同语境中规范的语言要素，包括词汇、表达方式和结构的掌握程度；对语段特征，如连贯性和一致性等的辨识能力；意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整英语知识运用：词汇知识、语法知识考试大纲对“词汇知识”的要求：考生应能掌握 5500 左右的词汇以及相关附表中的内容(详见附录 1、2)。

考生应能根据具体语境、句子结构或上下文理解一些非常用词的词义。

除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等;掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等;掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。

此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。

考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。

考试大纲中的“附表内容”2考试大纲对“语法知识”的要求英语（一）考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。

本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。

考研英语专项试题与答案(完型填空)

XX年考研英语专项试题与答案(完型填空) Music es in many forms; most countries have a style of their own. 1the turn of the century when jazz (爵士乐) was born, America had no prominent2of its own. No one knows exactly when jazz was 3, or by whom. But it began to be4in the early 1900s. Jazz is America's contribution to5music. In contrast to classical music, which6 formal European traditions. jazz is spontaneous and free-form. It bubbles with energy,7 moods, interests and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz8like America. And9it does today. The10of this music arc as interesting as the music11, American Negroes , or blacks, as they are called today were theJazz12. They were brought to the Southern states 13 slaves. They were sold to plantation owners and forced to worklong14. When a Negro died his friends and relatives15a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.In .thea./ket1480/ New Orleans, a band often aompanied the 16. On the way to the cemetery the band played slow, solemn music suited to the oasion.17on the way home the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Death had removed one of their18, but the living were glad to be alive. The bandplayed19music, improvising(即兴表演) on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes20at the funeral. This music made everyone wan to dance. It was an early form of Jazz .1. A By B At C In D On2. A music B song C melody D style3. A discovered B acted C invented D designed4. A noticed B found C listened D heard5. A classical B sacred C Popular D light6. A forms B follows C approaches D introduces7. A expressing B explaining C exposing D illustrating8. A appeared B felt C seemed D sounded9. A as B so C either D neither10. A origins B originals C discoveries D resources11. A concerned B itself C available D oneself12. A Players B followers C fans D pioneers13. A for B as C with D by14. A months B weeks C hours D times15. A demonstrated B posed C hosted D formed16. A demonstration B procession C body D march17. A Even B Therefore C Furthermore D But18. A number B members C body D relations19. A sad B solemn C happy D funeral20. A whistled B sung C presented D showed1-10.BACACBADBA 11-20.BDBCDBDBCCThe human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers pared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stickto surfaces. In fact 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly bee sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1. [A]although [B]as [C]but [D]while2. [A]above [B]unlike [C]excluding [D]besides3. [A]limited [B]mitted [C]dedicated [D]confined4. [A]catching [B]ignoring [C]missing [D]tracking5. [A]anyway [B]though [C]instead [D]therefore6. [A]even if [B]if only [C]only if [D]as if7. [A]distinguishing[B]discovering[C]determining[D]detecting8. [A]diluted [B]dissolved [C]determining[D]diffused9. [A]when [B]since [C]for [D]whereas10. [A]unusual [B]particular [C]unique [D]typical11. [A]signs [B]stimuli [C]messages [D]impulses12. [A]at first [B]at all [C]at large [D]at times13. [A]subjected [B]left [C]drawn [D]exposed14. [A]ineffective [B]inpetent[C]inefficient[D]insufficient15. [A]introduce [B]summon [C]trigger [D]create16. [A]still [B]also [C]otherwise [D]nevertheless17. [A]sure [B]sick [C]aware [D]tired18. [A]tolerate [B]repel [C]neglect [D]notice19. [A]availabe [B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable20. [A]similar to[B]such as [C]along with [D]aside from1-10 CBACDADADB 11-20 CDBADCBGenerally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is 1 only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, 2 embarrassed. You have to take a muter train any morning or evening to 3 the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit readingtheir newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive. 4, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, 5 broken, makes the offender immediately the object of 6. It has been known as a fact that the a British has a 7 for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it 8. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom 9 forecast and hence bees a source of interest and 10 to everyone. This may be so. 11 a British cannot have much 12 in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong 13 a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as aurate——or as inaurate——as the weathermen in his 14. Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references 15 weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are 16 by ments on the weather. "Nice day, isn't it?" "Beautiful!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you?" 17 the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and ic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. 18 he wants to start a conversation with a British but is 19 to knowswheresto begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subjectwhich will 20 an answer from even the most reserved of the British.1. A. relaxed B. frustrated C. amused D. exhausted2. A. yet B. otherwise C. even D. so3. A. experience B. witness C. watch D. undergo4. A. Deliberately B. Consequently C. Frequently D. Apparently5. A. unless B. once C. while D. as6. A. suspicion B. opposition C. criticism D. praise7. A. emotion B. fancy C. likeliness D. judgement8. A. at length B. to a great extent C. from his heartD. by all means9. A. follows B. predicts C. defies D. supports10. A. dedication B. passion C. contemplation D. speculation11. A. Still B. Also C. Certainly D. Fundamentally12. A. faith B. reliance C. honor D. credit13. A. if B. once C. when D. whereas14. A. propositions B. predictions C. approval D. defiance15. A. about B. on C. in D. to16. A. started B. conducted C. replaced D. proposed17. A. Since B. Although C. However D. Only if18. A. Even if B. Because C. If D. For19. A. at a loss B. at last C. insgroupsD. on the oasion20. A. stimulate B. constitute C. furnish D. provoke1-10. ACBDBCBAAD 11-20. CACBDCBCAD。

完型填空第三讲共27页文档

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完型填空第三讲
41、实际上，我们想要的不是针对犯罪的法律，而是针对疯狂的法律。 ——马克·吐温 42、法律的力量应当跟随着公民，就像影子跟随着身体一样。— —贝卡利亚 43、法律和制度必须跟上人类思想进步。— —杰弗逊 44、人类受制于法律，法律受制于情理。— —托·富勒
45、法律的制定是为了保证每一个人自由发挥自己的才能，而不是为了束缚他的才能。—— 罗伯斯庇尔
பைடு நூலகம் 16、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。——华盛顿 17、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。——罗素·贝克 18、最大的挑战和突破在于用人，而用人最大的突破在于信任人。——马云 19、自己活着，就是为了使别人过得更美好。——雷锋 20、要掌握书，莫被书掌握；要为生而读，莫为读而生。——布尔沃