形容词和副词的基本用法

一、考查形容词和副词的基本用法

形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语，而副词在句中主要作状语。如：

(1)Tom sounds very much ______in the job, but I’m not sure whether he

can manage it. (2006安徽)

A. interested

B. interesting

C. interestingly

D. interestedly

解析：句中sounds意为“听起来”，是系动词，后接表语，要用形容词，排除C和D；又因表示“对……感兴趣”，用interested。答案是A。

(2)We don't care if a hunting dog smells ______, but we really don't want

him to smell______. (1995上海)

A. well; well

B. bad; badly

C. well; badly

D. badly; bad

解析：句意是：“我们不在乎猎狗闻

起来难闻，但是我们确实不希望它的嗅觉力差。”前者smell是系动词，后接形容词，后者smell是行为动词，用副词来修饰；此外well作形容词是表示人身体好、气色好，用在此句中不行，只能作副词用。答案是B

(3)These oranges taste _______. (1991全国)

A. good

B. well

C. to be good

D. to be well

解析：因taste(尝起来)是系动词，后要接形容词作表语，故选A。

(4)—What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!

—During the winter I like my house ______.(2005上海春)

A. warmly and comfortably

B. warm and comfortable

C. warm and comfortably

D. warmly and comfortable

解析：在宾语后补语要用形容词。答案是B。

(5)She doesn't speak ________her friend, but her written work is

excellent. (1993全国)

A. as well as

B. so often as

C. so much as

D. as good as

解析：由语境可知，前一分句的意思是：“她不如她朋友说得好。”修饰动词speak，用副词well。答案是A。

(6)He drives much ________than he did three years ago. (1981全国)

A. careful

B. carefully

C. more careful

D. more carefully

解析：由than可知要用比较级，排除A和B；修饰动词drives要用副词作状语，排除C。答案是D。

(7)______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful

and careless. (2004上海春)

A. Strangely enough

B. Enough strangely

C. Strange enough

D. Enough

strange

解析：由语境可知，选项是修饰整个句子的状语，应用副词，排除选项C和D；又因enough修饰副词要放在所修饰的副词后，排除B。答案是A。

二、考查形容词作定语的后置规律

形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前，但下列三种情况形容词要后置：①形容词短语作定语时；②表语形容词作定语时；③修饰复合不定代词时。如：

(8)_______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of

useful skills. (2000全国)

A. Brave enough students

B. Enough brave students

C. Students brave enough

D. Students enough brave

解析：由enough要放在所修饰的形容词brave之后，排除选项B和D；brave

enough与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词students之后，排除A。答案是C。

(9) All the people ______at the party were his supporters. (2002北京)

A. present

B. thankful

C. interested

D. important

解析：因为要在名词后作定语，选项中只有present(出席的，在场的)这个表语形容词作定语才可以放在所修饰的名词后，故选A。

三、考查多个形容词作定语的排序

多个形容词修饰名词时，其排序规律是：(限定词+程度副词+)

描绘+大小(长短、高低)+形状+年龄(新旧)+颜色+国籍或产地+物质材料+类别或用途+名词。如：

(10) John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. (2004辽宁)

A. large German white

B. large white German

C. white large German

D. German large white

解析：large是“大小”，German是“产地”，white是“颜色”；其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+产地”。故选B。

(11)______ students are required to take part in the boat race. (2004浙江)

A. Ten strong young Chinese

B. Ten Chinese strong young

C. Chinese ten young strong

D. Young strong ten Chinese

解析：根据“限定词+形容词+名词”，数词属于限定词，选出A和B来；再根据“描绘(strong)+大小(yo ung)+国籍(Chinese)”，所以选A。

(12)The _____house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years.

(2004江苏)

A. little white wooden

B. little wooden white

C. white wooden little

D. wooden white little

解析：因为little是限定词，应放在形容词前面，排除C和D；表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形容词的前面，所以只有A对。

答案：A

(13)This _____girl is Linda’s cousin. (2005北京)

A. pretty little Spanish

B. Spanish little pretty

C. Spanish pretty little

D. little pretty Spanish

解析：pretty是描绘性形容词，little是表示大小的形容词，Spanish是表示国籍的形容词，所以，它们的排序是pretty little

Spanish。答案是A。

注：限定词的排序：前位限定词 (指量限定词all, both, half等；倍数词double, twice等；分数词one-third,

two-fifths等) +中位限定词 (冠词，指示代词，形容词性物主代词，名词所有格)+后位限定词 (序数词及last,

next等；基数词及few, several等)。如：

(14) The husband gave his wife ______every month in order to please her.

(2004重庆)

A. all half his income

B. his half all income

C. half his all income

D. all his half income

解析：all和half都是前位限定词，his是中位限定词，所以his要位于all和half之后，故选A。

(15)－How was your recent visit to Qingdao?