动词不定式用法经典例句总结
动词不定式用法 经典例句总结
定义(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。
当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。
如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。
如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)形式1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
一般为:动词+ to do sthHe seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
不定式知识点归纳总结
不定式知识点归纳总结一、不定式的构成不定式是动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。
例如:to be, to do, to go等。
二、不定式的用法1. 作主语例句:To study hard is important for students.翻译:努力学习对学生来说是很重要的。
2. 作宾语例句:I want to learn English.翻译:我想学英语。
3. 作宾语补足语例句:She asked me to help her.翻译:她要求我帮助她。
4. 作表语例句:Her dream is to become a doctor.翻译:她的梦想是成为一名医生。
5. 作定语例句:There is a lot of work to do.翻译:有很多工作要做。
6. 作状语例句:He came here to see you.翻译:他来这里是为了见你。
7. 用在and, but, or连接两个不定式例句:I want to learn English and to improve my speaking skills.翻译:我想学英语,还想提高口语能力。
8. 与形容词和副词连用例句:I'm happy to meet you.翻译:见到你我很高兴。
9. 用在名词前表示目的,结果等例句:He gave us some advice to help us study better. 翻译:他给了我们一些建议,帮助我们更好地学习。
三、不定式的特殊用法1. with + 宾语 + 不定式例句:He left me with nothing to say.翻译:他让我无话可说。
2. for + 宾语 + to 不定式例句:We have a lot of work for you to do.翻译:我们有很多工作需要你做。
3. 不定式的被动形式例句:The book is difficult to finish.翻译:这本书难以完成。
语法知识点梳理动词不定式的用法
语法知识点梳理动词不定式的用法动词不定式是英语语法中的一项重要知识点。
它是由动词原形加上"to"构成,常用作名词、形容词或副词的补充。
本文将对动词不定式的用法进行梳理,帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以作为句子的主语。
例如:1. To learn a foreign language is beneficial to one's personal development.学习一门外语对个人发展有益。
2. To exercise regularly is important for maintaining good health.定期锻炼对保持健康很重要。
二、动词不定式作宾语1. 表示建议或命令动词不定式常用于表示建议、命令或请求的动词后。
例如:1. He advised me to take a vacation.他建议我去度假。
2. The teacher told the students to be quiet.老师告诉学生们安静。
2. 表示喜好或感知某些动词后面跟动词不定式,用来表示喜好、感知、感觉等。
例如:1. I enjoy playing the piano in my free time.我喜欢在闲暇时弹钢琴。
2. She saw him enter the room quietly.她看到他悄悄地进了房间。
三、动词不定式作宾语补足语某些动词需要与动词不定式连用,形成宾语补足语,用来补充说明或补充宾语的意义。
例如:1. I found it difficult to solve the math problem.我发现解决这个数学问题很困难。
2. He considers her to be the best candidate for the job.他认为她是这份工作的最佳候选人。
四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以用作名词的前置定语,用来修饰名词。
动词的不定式用法
动词的不定式用法动词的不定式在语法中扮演了重要的角色,它可以用来表示一种动作、状态、目的或意愿。
本文将具体讨论动词的不定式用法,并给出一些例句来加深理解。
一、不定式用作动词的宾语动词的不定式可以作为某些动词的宾语。
这些动词通常是感官动词(如see, hear, watch)、使役动词(如make, let, allow)、感受动词(如feel, sense, perceive)等等。
常见的用法有:1. 感官动词+不定式:- I saw him leave the room.(我看到他离开了房间。
)- She heard the baby cry.(她听到了婴儿在哭。
)2. 使役动词+不定式:- They made us study late into the night.(他们让我们学习到深夜。
) - My boss won't let me take a day off.(我的老板不让我休假。
)3. 感受动词+不定式:- I felt my heart race with excitement.(我感到自己的心跳因兴奋而加速。
)- She sensed someone watching her.(她感觉到有人在看她。
)二、不定式用作目的状语动词的不定式还可以表示动作的目的或用途,常常用作目的状语。
常见的用法有:1. 为了完成某一动作而使用不定式:- I study hard to pass the exam.(我努力学习是为了通过考试。
) - She exercises regularly to stay healthy.(她定期锻炼是为了保持健康。
)2. 为了表达方便、方法、准备等目的:- She went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(她去超市买了些杂货。
)- We need to save money to buy a new car.(我们需要存钱买一辆新车。
动词不定式的用法总结及例句
动词不定式的用法总结及例句动词不定式是指以动词原形加上to构成的形式,在句中可以充当名词、形容词或副词的功能。
以下是动词不定式的用法总结及例句:1. 作为动词的目的或意图:- I want to go to the beach.(我想去海滩。
)- She studies hard to get good grades.(她努力学习以获得好成绩。
)2. 作为动词的补足语:- My goal is to learn a new language.(我的目标是学一门新语言。
)- The teacher asked us to complete the assignment.(老师要求我们完成作业。
)3. 作为形容词的补足语:- The task is difficult to complete.(这个任务很难完成。
)- She is happy to help.(她愿意帮助。
)4. 作为副词修饰动词:- He ran to catch the bus.(他跑着去赶公交车。
)- She sings beautifully to entertain the crowd.(她唱得很好听来取悦观众。
)5. 作为短语动词的一部分:- I look forward to seeing you.(我期待见到你。
)- He decided to give up smoking.(他决定戒烟。
)6. 作为动词的主语:- To live a healthy lifestyle is important.(过健康的生活方式很重要。
)- To travel the world is his dream.(环游世界是他的梦想。
)7. 作为动词的宾语:- I like to read novels.(我喜欢读小说。
)- They want to visit their grandparents.(他们想去拜访祖父母。
)需要注意的是,动词不定式在句中的位置可以灵活变化,但通常放在动词之后、名词之前、或者作为句子的结尾。
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结
千里之行,始于足下。
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结1. 动词不定式作为主语:- To study is important for success.(学习对于成功很重要。
)- To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)2. 动词不定式作为宾语:- I want to go shopping.(我想去购物。
)- She loves to read books.(她喜欢看书。
)3. 动词不定式作为宾补:- They made her apologize.(他们让她道歉。
)- I saw him leave.(我看见他离开。
)4. 动词不定式作为目的状语:- He went to the park to play soccer.(他去公园踢足球。
)- She sings to entertain the audience.(她唱歌为了娱乐观众。
)5. 动词不定式作为结果状语:- She ran fast to catch the bus.(她快速跑着赶上了公交车。
)- He worked hard to achieve his goals.(他努力工作以实现自己的目标。
)6. 动词不定式作为原因状语:- He woke up early to catch the sunrise.(他早早醒来为了看日出。
)- She stayed up late to finish her homework.(她熬夜完成作业。
)第1页/共2页锲而不舍,金石可镂。
7. 动词不定式作为条件状语:- If you want to succeed, you must work hard.(如果你想成功,你必须努力。
)- You have to practice every day to improve your English.(你必须每天练习才能提高英语。
)8. 动词不定式作为伴随状语:- She listened to music to relax.(她听音乐放松。
不定式的六种形式及例句
不定式的六种形式及例句一、不定式的六种形式1. 带to的不定式:例句:He can’t wait to go to Canada. 他迫不及待想去加拿大。
2. 不带to的不定式:例句:We watched the star rise in the sky. 我们看到星星升起在天空。
3. 带-ing形式的不定式:例句:She enjoys swimming in the ocean. 她喜欢在大海里游泳。
4. 带-ed形式的不定式:例句:The little girl was frightened of seeing a ghost. 小女孩吓得不敢看鬼。
5. 带bare infinitive形式的不定式:例句:I must make him pay for his mistake. 我必须让他为他的错误付出代价。
6. 带for形式的不定式:例句:He made me wait for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。
二、不定式的六种形式1. 带to的不定式:不定式带to是最基本的不定式形式,它包含未来及过去的时态,意思是“要做某事”。
例如:I need to call my parents. 我要给父母打电话。
2. 不带to的不定式:不带to的不定式不含有表示将来意义的to,只有主要动词,意思是“看到,听到”某事的发生。
例如:I heard the wind blow. 我听到风吹。
3. 带-ing形式的不定式:带-ing形式的不定式表示对象做动作的原因,是以动作为中心的一种不定式形式,意思是“为了做某事”。
例如:He left school early, worrying his mother. 他早早离开学校,令他妈妈担心。
4. 带-ed形式的不定式:被动语态的-ed形式不定式表示被动状态,意思是“被做某事”。
例如:He was offered an interesting job. 他得到一份有趣的工作机会。
动词不定式的用法及示例
动词不定式的用法及示例动词不定式是指在语法上具有动词性质,但没有时态和语态变化的一种形式。
在英语中,动词不定式常由to加上动词原形构成。
本文将介绍动词不定式的基本用法,并附上相关的示例,以方便理解和运用。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以作为一个句子的主语。
它可以用来表达抽象的概念、行为或情感。
下面是一些示例:1. To learn a foreign language is beneficial for personal development.(学一门外语对个人发展有益。
)2. To forgive is divine.(宽容是神圣的。
)二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,在句子中承担动作的接受者或承受者。
以下是一些示例:1. She wants to travel around the world.(她想环游世界。
)2. I need to finish this report by tomorrow.(我需要在明天之前完成这份报告。
)三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式有时可以用作系动词的表语,用来说明主语的身份、状态或特征。
以下是一些示例:1. His dream is to become a professional musician.(他的梦想是成为一名专业音乐家。
)2. The important thing is to never give up.(重要的是永不放弃。
)四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以用作定语来修饰名词或代词,说明其具体的功能、用途或目的。
以下是一些示例:1. I bought a book to improve my English.(我买了本书来提高我的英语水平。
)2. She needs a computer to do her work.(她需要一台电脑来完成她的工作。
)五、动词不定式作状语动词不定式可以作状语来修饰动词、形容词或副词,说明动作的原因、目的、结果等。
动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结
1.作为句子的主语:
Ex: To study English is important for success.
2.作为句子的宾语:
Ex: I want to learn how to play the guitar.
3.作为动词的宾语补语:
Ex: She found it difficult to understand the instructions.
4.与一些动词连用,构成特定的动词短语:
Ex: I need to go to the store.
He wants to buy a car.
5.作为目的状语,表示动作的目的或意图:
Ex: He went to the library to study.
6.作为结果状语,表示结果或后果:
Ex: She studied hard to pass the exam.
7.作为方式状语,表示动作的方式或方法:
Ex: He walked slowly to avoid falling.
8.与形容词连用,表示主语的特征或状态:
Ex: She is happy to see her friends.
9.与副词连用,表示副词的程度或程度的变化:
Ex: He tried to be more careful.。
动词不定式用法例子
动词不定式用法例子动词不定式是英语语法中的一个重要部分,它具有多种用法,在句子中扮演着不同的角色。
下面让我们通过一些具体的例子来深入了解动词不定式的常见用法。
一、作主语动词不定式作主语时,通常位于句首,但有时为了保持句子平衡,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语(动词不定式)后置。
例如:“To learn a foreign language well is not easy”(学好一门外语不容易。
)在这个句子中,“To learn a foreign language well”就是主语,表示一个具体的动作或行为。
再比如:“It is important to protect the environment”(保护环境很重要。
)这里,“It”是形式主语,“to protect the environment”才是真正的主语。
二、作宾语动词不定式可以用作某些动词的宾语,常见的这类动词有:want, hope, wish, decide, plan, expect 等。
例如:“I want to go shopping this weekend”(这个周末我想去购物。
)“want”表示“想要”,“to go shopping”就是“want”的宾语,表达想要做的事情。
又如:“She decides to study harder”(她决定更努力学习。
)“decides”(决定)的宾语是“to study harder”。
三、作宾语补足语某些动词如 ask, tell, want, allow 等后面可以接动词不定式作宾语补足语。
比如:“The teacher asked us to do our homework carefully”(老师要求我们认真做作业。
)“asked”(要求)后面的“us”是宾语,“to do our homework carefully”则是宾语补足语,补充说明老师要求我们做的具体事情。
(完整版)动词不定式用法归纳
动词不定式用法归纳动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。
但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。
另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。
动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。
1.作主语可以直接作主语。
如: To see is to believe.但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。
如:It's wrong to play tricks on other people.It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson 10).点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或It is +n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语。
2.作宾语a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。
attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲,打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎,显得 determine决定manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨,厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱;烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢,宁愿 care关心,喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉,遗憾choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺,允许 start开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法,图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找,寻觅 try试图b.love,like ,begin,start,hate ,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。
动词不定式的形式例句
动词不定式的形式例句
1. 哎呀,想要知道动词不定式的形式啊,那就像“I want to eat that cake”,这里的“to eat”就是动词不定式呀,我就是想吃那块蛋糕呀!
2. 嘿,你看“ He decided to go shopping”,“to go shopping”就是动词不定式呢,他决定去购物啦!
3. 哇塞,“She hopes to see him again”,这“to see”不就是嘛,她多希望能再见到他呀!
4. 哟呵,“They planned to travel abroad”,“to travel abroad”不就是动词不定式的例子嘛,他们计划去国外旅行呢!
5. 嘿呀,“I need to study harder”,“to study”就是呀,我得更努力学习才行呀!
6. 哇哦,“He tried to solve the problem”,“to solve”就是,他努力去解决那个问题呀!
7. 哎呀呀,“We agreed to meet at the park”,“to meet”就是咯,我们都同意在公园见面呢!
8. 嘿哟,“She offered to help me”,“to help”就是,她主动提出要帮我呀!
9. 哇啦,“They decided to start a new business”,“to start”就是,他们决定开始一项新业务呢!
10. 哎呀妈呀,“I want to be a great writer”,“to be”就是嘛,我好想成为一个伟大的作家呀!
我的观点结论:动词不定式的形式在句子中真的很常见很重要呀,大家一定要好好掌握呀!。
动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结
1、动词不定式作主语时常用it来作形式主语,而将动词不定式移至谓语动词后作真实主语。
It is dangerous to drive very fast.
2、动词不定式可以作表语,如果主语部分含有实义动词do,且作表语的动词不定式又是do 的内容,这时表语不定式的to可以省去。
My idea is to ring him up at once.
3、动词不定式作宾语。
I do not know who to ask .
4、用作宾语补足语的动词不定式.
He was heard to sing every day .
5、不定式复合结构for somebody to do something。
可用作主语\表语\定语\状语等。
It is for her to decide.
6、作状语的动词不定式常表示目的、原因、方法、方向、结果等。
I am glad to meet you.
7、作定语的动词不定式。
We have no time to go to the town today .。
高中动词不定式的用法总结
高中动词不定式的用法总结
1. 作主语(主语通常为it):
- It is important to study every day.
- To travel is my dream.
2.作宾语:
- I want to sleep.
- She likes to dance.
3.作补语:
- My plan is to take a vacation.
4. 与一些动词连用,如agree, decide, hope, plan, want等:
- I decided to go to the party.
5.作状语表示目的、原因、结果等:
- He went to the bookstore to buy a new book.
- I ran fast to catch the bus.
6.作状语表示条件或让步:
- He studied hard to pass the exam.
- She tried her best to finish the project.
7.与形容词连用表示结果:
- She was happy to receive the gift.
- He is excited to start his new job.
8.作宾补:
- They made me play the piano.
- I saw him leave the room.
9.作定语表示目的或所需工具:
- We need a pen to write.
- She bought a bookshelf to organize her books.。
最全面英语动词不定式的用法归纳整理总结
最全面英语动词不定式的用法归纳整理总结英语动词不定式的用法有以下几种:1.作为动词的宾语:- I want to go to the store.(不定式作为动词go的宾语)- He likes to play tennis.(不定式作为动词play的宾语)2.作为形容词的补语:- She is excited to see her friends.(不定式作为形容词excited的补语)- He seems to be a nice person.(不定式作为形容词nice的补语)3.作为介词的宾语:- She apologized for being late.(不定式作为介词for的宾语)- They are interested in learning Chinese.(不定式作为介词in的宾语)4.作为状语:- I work hard to improve my English.(不定式作为状语表目的)- They went to the park to play basketball.(不定式作为状语表目的)5.作为主语:- To study is important for success.(不定式作为主语)- To be or not to be, that is the question.(不定式作为主语)6.作为条件状语从句的口述形式:7.作为动词的补语:- They considered him to be the best candidate.(不定式作为动词consider的补语)- We elected her to be the team captain.(不定式作为动词elect的补语)8.作为状语从句的口述形式:- He woke up early in order to catch the train.(不定式作为状语从句的口述形式)9.作为表语:需要注意的是,不定式的肯定形式一般由to加动词原形构成,否定形式则在to后面加not构成。
英语动词不定式的用法总结
英语动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,它通常由不定式符号to后接动词原形构成,但有时to也可省略(省略to的不定式叫不带to的不定式,与动词原形相同)。
下面小编告诉你英语动词不定式的用法总结,大家一起来看看吧!英语动词不定式的用法总结:1.不定式作主语To see is to believe.常用it作形式主语It's for sb/It's of sb1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:It's very hard for him to study two languages.2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, cruel, right。
It's very nice of you to help meTo serve the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我的最大幸福。
It is right to give up smoking.戒烟是对的。
不定式作主语常见句型如下:a.It is + adj (easy, important, difficult…) + 不定式b. It is + n (a pity, a pleasure, one’s duty, a shame) + 不定式c. It takes/needs/requires + some time (hours, months, days, patience…) + 不定式It’s important for us to learn English well. 我们学好英语很重要。
It’s my duty to teach you how to be a useful person. 教你如何做一个有用的人是我的职责。
动词不定式6种用法总结
动词不定式6种用法总结动词不定式(infinitive)有以下六种基本用法:1. 作为动词的宾语:动词不定式可以作为另一个动词的宾语,例如:- I want to learn Chinese.(我想学中文。
)- She loves to dance.(她喜欢跳舞。
)2. 作为主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,通常用于表达一般的动作、状态、观点等,例如:- To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)- To wait is boring.(等待很无聊。
)3. 作为表语:动词不定式可以作为动词 "be" 的表语,常用于表达目的、原因、结果等,例如:- The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the new project.(这次会议的目的是讨论新项目。
)- Her suggestion is to study harder.(她的建议是更加努力学习。
)4. 作为定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,通常用来表示目的、结果、用途等,例如:- The best way to learn a language is to practice speaking.(学习一门语言的最佳方法是练习口语。
)- He needs a pen to write with.(他需要一支可以写字的笔。
)5. 作为状语:动词不定式可以作为句子的状语,表示目的、结果、方式、条件等,常常与动词 "to be" 连用,例如:- She went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.(她去超市买些食品杂货。
)- He ran fast to catch the bus.(他跑得很快,以便赶上公交车。
)6. 作为补语:动词不定式可以作为某些动词的宾语补足语,常用于表示目的、愿望、需求等,例如:- They made her promise to come back.(他们让她答应会回来。
动词不定式用法大全
动词不定式用法大全
1. 作为动词的宾语:I want to go (我想去)。
2. 作为动词的补语:He seems to know the answer (他似乎知道答案)。
3. 作为目的状语:He went to the store to buy some groceries (他去商店买些杂货)。
4. 作为原因状语:I stayed home to finish my homework (我呆在家里完成我的家庭作业)。
5. 作为结果状语:He ran fast to catch the bus (他跑得快以赶上公共汽车)。
6. 用于被动语态:I hope to be invited to the party (我希望被邀请参加晚会)。
7. 用于虚拟语气:If I were you, I would study harder (如果我是你,我会更加努力学习)。
8. 用于感叹句:What a wonderful place to visit! (真是一个美妙的地方可供参观)
此外,动词不定式还可以有时态和语态的变化,如:to be + 动词的不定式形式。
在句子中,动词不定式通常是以 "to" 作为引导词,但有时也可以省略 "to",具体取决于动词或动词短语的前后关系。
需要注意的是,动词不定式一般不具有时态和人称的变化,常用的形式为:to + 动词原形。
总之,动词不定式在句子中具有多种用法,可以根据句子的结构和意义来确定具体的用法。
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结[推荐5篇]
常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结[推荐5篇]第一篇:常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结.固定用法(非谓语动词):以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配1.希望做某事hope to do sth.2.决定做某事decide to do sth3.同意做某事agree to do sth.4.需要某人做某事need to do sth..5.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth6.计划做某事plan to do sth.It’s +adj.for/of sb.to do sth.对于某人来说做某事是……(当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of)例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so.★find/think/feel it +adj.to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是… 例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well.★序数词+to do 第…..个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?★我不知/忘记了怎么办。
I didn't know/forgot what to do.★ 离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯例句:Don’t forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法★ let sb.do sth让某人做某事★ make do sth使得某人做某事★ hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事why not 或why don’t you +动词原形?为什么不….?(表示建议)例:Why not/Why don’t you take a walk?★ 某人+had better(not)do 某人最好(不)做某事★ 情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形(包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形)★ 助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即don’t/doesn’t /didn’t/will not/would not+ 动词原形★ be going to + 动词原形(表示“即将”“打算”15.动词+to(19)1)add to增添2)agree to同意3)attend to处理4)belong to属于5)devote to贡献给6)get to到达7)lead to导致,通向8)object to反对9)point to指向10)reply to答复做某事)第二篇:动词不定式用法小结动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式,其结构为“to+动词原形”,其中to不是介词,而是动词不定式的符号,称为小品词,动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。
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定义(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。
当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态;如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。
如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语)I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语)Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语)He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语)My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语)在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。
如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.)形式1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
一般为:动词+ to do sthHe seems to know this.I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2) 完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.He seems to have caught a cold.3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.4)完成进行式:She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来疑问词疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
如:①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语)②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语)③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语)④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语)以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。
如:①When we shall leave…③…how Icould learn……经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。
作主语动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用单数,其位置有以下两种:(1)把不定式置于句首。
如:To get there by bike will take us half an hour.骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。
To make up for lost time is not possible.要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。
To lean out of the window is dangerous.身子探出窗外很危险。
To save money now seems impossible.现在好像不可能存钱。
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。
如:①It+be+名词+to doIt's our duty to take good care of the old.照顾老人是我们的责任。
It is an offence to drop litter in the street.在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。
②It takes sb+some time+to doHow long did it take you to finish the work?你花了多少时间来完成这项工作?③It+be+形容词+for sb+to doIt is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这篇作文。
It is stupid of you to write down everything (that) the teacher says.你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是很愚蠢的。
④It seems(appears)+形容词+to doIt seemed impossible to save money.在句型③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary 等;在句型④中,常用careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise等表示赞扬或批评的词。
在不定式前的sb,可看作其逻辑主语。
这一句式有时相当于Sb is+形容词+to do句式,如:It's kind of you to help me with my English.=You are kind to help me with my English.⑤It + 不定式结构可位于believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think和wonder之后He thought it would be safer to go by train.他认为乘火车比较安全。
He will find it is hard to make friends.他会感觉到交朋友困难。
⑥不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语To have made the same mistake twice was unforgivable.两次犯同样的错误是不可原谅的。
It is better to have loved and lost than never to have loved at all.爱过而后失去了爱,比从未爱过要好。
(3)举例(1)It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了easy,difficult,hard,important,possible,impossible,comfortable,necessary,better;the first,the next,the last,the best,too much,too little,not enoughIt's so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。
(2)It's very kind of him to help us.他帮助我们,他真好。
Kind,nice,stupid,rude,clever,foolish,thoughtful,thoughtless,brave,considerate(考虑周到的),silly,selfish(自私的)例句:It was silly of us to believe him.我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。
注意:(1)其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型(2)不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。
(3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型(对)To see is to believe.眼见为实。
(错)It is to believe to see.作宾语1) 以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语afford(付得起),agree(同意),aim(力求做到),appear(显得),arrange(安排),ask(要求),attempt (试图),care(想要),choose(决定),claim(声称),condescend(屈尊),consent(准许),decide (决定),demand(要求),determine(决心),endeavor(竭力),expect(期待),fail(未履行),help (帮助),hesitate(犹豫),hope(希望),learn(学会),manage(设法),neglect(疏忽),offer(主动提出),plan(计划),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),proceed(接着做),promise(答应),prove(证明),refuse(拒绝),resolve(解决),seem(觉得好像),swear(发誓),tend(往往会),threaten(预示),undertake(承诺),volunteer(自愿做),vow(发誓),want(想要),wish(希望)举例:The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。