ALIF两线电子式无触点磁性开关特色说明
磁敏开关的原理和应用场合
磁敏开关的原理和应用场合1. 磁敏开关的原理磁敏开关（Reed开关）是一种基于磁场感应原理的电子开关，由Reed线圈和铁磁性材料组成。
当外部磁场作用于磁敏开关时，铁磁性材料会受到磁场的吸引，导致Reed线圈内的金属片闭合或断开，实现电路的开关。
2. 磁敏开关的工作原理磁敏开关内部包含两个金属片，当金属片被磁场吸引时，会闭合线圈，电路通电；当磁场消失时，金属片会恢复原位，打开线圈，电路断电。
这种开关结构简单且可靠，无接触式操作，因此在许多应用场合中被广泛使用。
3. 磁敏开关的应用场合3.1 安防系统磁敏开关常用于安防系统中，如门窗报警系统。
将磁敏开关连接到门窗等物体上，当门窗关闭时，磁敏开关闭合，电路通电，系统处于正常状态；一旦门窗打开，磁敏开关断开，电路断电，触发报警器发出警报。
3.2 汽车电子磁敏开关广泛应用于汽车电子领域。
例如，用于发动机的点火系统中，磁敏开关监测发动机转速，控制点火时机。
同时，在车辆的防盗系统中，磁敏开关能够检测车窗和车门的状态，一旦检测到异常，会触发报警系统。
3.3 工业自动化在工业自动化领域，磁敏开关也得到广泛应用。
例如，在流水线上用于检测物体的位置和运动状态，通过安装磁敏开关，可以实现精确的物体检测和位置控制。
3.4 电子游戏磁敏开关也常用于电子游戏中的控制设备，如游戏手柄。
通过安装磁敏开关，可以实现游戏手柄上按键的控制和操作。
4. 磁敏开关的优势•简单易用：磁敏开关结构简单，安装方便，可靠性高。
•零接触：磁敏开关无接触式操作，无需担心磨损和寿命问题。
•高灵敏度：磁敏开关对磁场的感应灵敏度高，能够快速响应。
5. 磁敏开关的注意事项•避免过大磁场：长时间暴露在强磁场中会损坏磁敏开关，因此在使用过程中应避免过大的磁场。
•防水防尘设计：根据具体场合的需求，选择合适的磁敏开关进行防水防尘设计，以保证其正常工作。
6. 结论磁敏开关作为一种基于磁场感应原理的电子开关，具有结构简单、可靠易用的特点，在安防系统、汽车电子、工业自动化和电子游戏等领域得到广泛应用。
两线i3感应器及风格D触发循环的2W-MOD2模块说明书
NOTE: If two–wire i3 detectors are used in conjunction with a style D initiating circuit, the 2W–MOD2 must be used to provide that capability. Ground fault on a mod-ule’s two-wire loop can be indicated at a control panel if the control panel is capable of ground fault detection on the power supply to the module and meets NFPA 72 ground fault indication requirements for initiating device circuits. The installer must verify that capability.Figure 3. Module LED modes:Power on. Detectors on loop do not havecommunication capability.Power on. One or more detectors on loop have communication capability.Power not applied or module not operating properly.Detector on loop in alarm.One or more detectors out of sensitivity or in Freeze Trouble.Detectors on loop not in alarm, maintenance or Freeze Trouble.Loop wiring fault.EZ Walk Test mode.Loop wiring normal.ONBlink 1 sec. ON and 1 sec. OFFOFFONBlink 1 sec. ON and 1 sec. OFFOFF ONBlink 0.5 sec. ON and 0.5 sec. OFF OFFGREEN LEDRED LEDYELLOW LEDLED COLORSTATUS CONDITIONThe module has loop trouble restoration detection. If theloop trouble (open loop) doesn’t exist any more, the mod-ule will restore to standby condition with a maximum delay of 1 minute. There is no delay in loop trouble detection.If an alarm occurs while the module is indicating mainte-nance, the alarm will supercede maintenance.If the green LED remains ON (no blinking) three minutes af-ter applying power, it means that the module has determined that no detector on its loop has communication capability. In this condition, the detectors are still capable of initiating alarm and loop trouble at the module. However, maintenance and freeze trouble, will not be indicated at the module, and EZ walk test will not be available. If i 3 detectors are installed on the loop, verify wiring and system operation.Before InstallingThis information is included as a quick reference installa-tion guide. Refer to the control panel installation manual for detailed system information. If the modules will be in-stalled in an existing operational system, inform the opera-tor and local authority that the system will be temporarily out of service. Disconnect power to the control panel before installing the modules.NOTICE: This manual shall be left with the owner/user of this equipment.General DescriptionThe 2W-MOD2 allows a control panel to receive a “need for maintenance” signal from two–wire i3 series smoke detec-tors, model numbers 2W–B, 2WT–B, 2WT A–B, and 2WTR–B. The module uses a form C zone relay to initiate “out of sen-sitivity” and “freeze trouble”, a form A zone alarm relay and a second form A zone relay to indicate loop fault (see Figure 1). An EZ Walk T est puts all detectors on the loop into a Walk T est mode for easy verification of detector loop wiring. Figure 1:Condition Maintenance relay (form C) Alarm relay (form A) Loop trouble relay (form A)Normal OFF Open Close Loop troubleOFF Open Open Maintenance/Freeze trouble ON Open Close Loop trouble andON Open Open Maintenance/Freeze trouble AlarmOFF CloseN/A Alarm and loop troubleOFF Close N/A Alarm and Maintenance/Freeze OFFCloseN/AtroubleTerminal Location Terminal 7 – N.O. Relay connected Relay connected between Terminal 8 – Common between terminals terminals 10 and 12Terminal 9 – N.C.10 and 11S0236-00Figure 2. Module front view:Green LED Red LED Yellow LED EZ Walk-Test PushbuttonS0218-00Three LED’s on the module provide a local visual indica-tion of the module status(es).The maintenance module allows two-wire smoke detectors to be used on any electrically compatible four-wire control panel.D500-46-001I56-2174-003INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS3825 Ohio Avenue, St. Charles, Illinois 601741-800-SENSOR2, FAX: 630-377-6495Loop Test/Maintenance ModuleModel: 2W-MOD2SeriesD500-46-00 4 I56-2174-003©2006 System SensorSystem Sensor warrants its enclosed product to be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of three years from date of manufacture. System Sensor makes no other express warranty for the enclosed product. No agent, representative, dealer, or employee of the Company has the authority to increase or alter the obligations or limitations of this Warranty. The Company’s obliga-tion of this Warranty shall be limited to the replacement of any part of the product which is found to be defective in materials or workman-ship under normal use and service during the three year period com-mencing with the date of manufacture. After phoning System Sensor’s toll free number 800-SENSOR2 (736-7672) for a Return Authorization number, send defective units postage prepaid to: System Sensor, Returns Specifications:ElectricalMechanicalSupply Voltage - Min.8.5 Volts (Power limited)Height: 4.5 inches Max. 30 Volts (Power limited) Width: 4.0 inches Max.Ripple Voltage: 30% of applied voltageDepth: 1.25 inches Max. Standby Current: 30mA (12 detectors on loop) Weight: 0.5 poundMax. Alarm Current: 90mA(Includes packaging Alarm Contact Ratings: 0.5 Amp @ 36 V DC, Resistivematerials)Maintenance Contact Ratings: 2 Amp @ 30 V DC, Resistive Min. Reset Voltage: 6 Volts Min. Reset Time:0.3 sec.Operating T emperature Range: 14°F to 122°F (-10°C to 50 °C)Operating Humidity Range: 0 to 95% RH non-condensing Storage T emperature Range: –4°F to 158°F (–20°C to 70 °C)Initial Communication Cycle: 2-6 minutes after power-up or panel reset EZ Walk T est Available: 6 minutes after power-up or panel reset2-wire compatibility Min. loop voltage: 10 Volts Max. loop voltage: 11.5 Volts Max. loop resistance: 50 ohm Max. loop ripple:1 Vpp Max. Loading Capacitance: 0.01 mF Max. Alarm current: 40 mA Max. Reset Voltage: 0.3 V Alarm Delay: NoMin. Alarm reset time: 0.3 sec.Max. normal load current: 1.25 mA Zone T ype: StandardEOL Device: 3.9 K Ω (0.25W , 5%)Loop style:B, D Compatibility/Zone identifier: AMax. detectors per zone: Models 2W–B and 2WT–B: 12 Model 2WTR–B: 1 Model 2WTA–B: 1N OTE: When used with the RRS–MOD reversal relay/synchroniza-tion module and the 2W–MOD2, a maximum of 12 2WTA–B detec-tors are allowed per zone.FCC StatementThis device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to pro-vide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: – Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. – Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. – Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. – Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.Three-Year Limited WarrantyDepartment, RA #__________, 3825 Ohio Avenue, St. Charles, IL 60174. Please include a note describing the malfunction and suspected cause of failure. The Company shall not be obligated to replace units which are found to be defective because of damage, unreasonable use, modi-fications, or alterations occurring after the date of manufacture. In nocase shall the Company be liable for any consequential or incidental damages for breach of this or any other Warranty, expressed or implied whatsoever, even if the loss or damage is caused by the Company’s negligence or fault. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limita-tion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation orexclusion may not apply to you. This Warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.I56-2174-003able to detect alarm and wiring fault from the 2-wire loop.NOTE: If an alarm occurs on the 2W-MOD2 zone beforethe 2W–MOD2 has completed its power–up sequence, the module’s green LED will remain on. T o reset this condition, the system must be reset and the module must be allowed to complete its power–up sequence.When using the RRS-MOD with model 2WTA-B, do not mix the 2WTA-B with other model smoke detectors and dry con-tact closure devices, including mechanical heat detectors, manual pull stations and waterflow switches. Such mixing can cause a direct short on the auxiliary power terminals, damaging the control panel’s internal circuitry and/or dam-age devices connected to the initiating device circuit.EZ Walk TestThe 2W-MOD2 has a push button for EZ Walk T est mode (see Figure 2.). The EZ Walk T est feature is available 6 min-utes after power-up or panel reset. If the push button is pressed momentarily the module will activate EZ Walk T est for five minutes. All detectors on the loop should enter EZ Walk T est mode. See i3 detector manual for detector re-sponse in EZ Walk T est mode.NOTE: EZ Walk T est cannot be initiated if the Green LED is not blinking.If the 2W-MOD2 is in normal condition (Green LED blink-ing) and pressing the push button does not initiate EZ Walk T est, wait one minute and try again.At the end of the five minute period, the module will ter-minate EZ Walk T est and the yellow LED will stop blink-ing. The EZ Walk T est period can be extended by pressing the push button a multiple number of times. For example, pressing the push button N times will result in a Walk T est duration of 5*N minutes.If an alarm occurs during EZ Walk T est, the alarm condition will supercede EZ Walk T est (alarm is the highest priority).ing (alarm, trouble and other functional tests) of the system.If a module or detector fails the test, its wiring should be checked. If the module still fails, it should be replaced.Notify the proper authorities when the system is back in service.Wiring DiagramInstall module wiring in accordance with appropriate wir-ing diagrams (Figures 5 - 7). Reset is performed through power inputs 1 and 2.Figure 5. The Module Wiring: maintenance signal is sent to a separate zone.Control PanelALL CIRCUITS ARE SUPERVISED AND MUST BE POWER LIMITED.S0232-00Figure 6. The Module Wiring: maintenance signal is indicated at the panel as a fire trouble.Control PanelALL CIRCUITS ARE SUPERVISED AND MUST BE POWER LIMITED.S0233-00Figure 7. The Module Wiring: two-wire detectors tofour-wire panel conversion.Control PanelALL CIRCUITS ARE SUPERVISED AND MUST BE POWER LIMITED.S0234-00For NFPA loop Style D wiring the EOL resistor is provided internal to the module. An external EOL resistor must not be connected at the last detector on the loop (see Fig-ures 5 – 7).Compatibility RequirementsThe 2W-MOD2 is marked with a compatibility/zone identi-fier as the last digit of a 5 digit code on the back of the unit. T o ensure proper operation, this module shall be connected to compatible two-wire smoke detectors or the alarm con-tacts of four–wire i3 series detectors only. (Consult SystemSensor’s 2-wire compatibility guide).Figure 4. Mounting moduleMountingInstall in a dry indoor location. The 2W-MOD2 Mainte-nance Module mounts directly to 4 inch square electrical boxes (supplied by installer). The box must have a mini-mum depth of 2 1/8 inches. Secure module to box as shown in Figure 4.D500-46-00 2 I56-2174-003D500-46-00 3 I56-2174-003Wiring Installation GuidelinesAll wiring must be installed in compliance with the Na-tional Electrical Code, applicable state and local codes, and any special requirements of the local authority having ju-risdiction (AHJ).Proper wire gauges should be used. The conductors used to connect the module to the alarm control panel, smoke detectors and accessory devices should be color-coded to reduce the likelihood of wiring errors. Improper connec-tions can prevent a system from responding properly in the event of a fire.The screw terminals in the mounting base will accept 14-24 gauge wire. For best system performance, all wiring should be installed in separate grounded conduit; do not mix fire alarm system wiring in the same conduit as any other elec-trical wiring. T wisted pair may be used to provide addi-tional protection against extraneous electrical interference.Wire connections are made by stripping about 1/4 inch of insulation from the end of the feed wire, inserting it into the proper terminal, and tightening the screw to secure the wire in place.circuits before installing modules.After all modules have been installed, notify the proper au-thorities that the system is in operation.TestingNOTE: Before testing, notify the proper authorities that maintenance is being performed and the system will be temporarily out of service. Disable the zone or system un-dergoing maintenance to prevent any unwanted alarms.Modules must be tested after installation and following pe-riodic maintenance. T esting should be performed at least once a year.Timing at Power-Up or ResetT wo minutes after power-up, the module will check for communication, high maintenance, low maintenance, and freeze trouble with each communication spaced 1 minute apart. If a valid response to the communication check is received, the module will check for freeze trouble every 4 hours, low and high maintenance every 24 hours, and will recheck communication every 24 hours. Whenever the module fails to receive a valid response to the communica-tion checks, it will verify the result with another commu-nication check one minute later. If it still fails to receive a valid response, the module will cease to communicate until a valid reset from the panel. In this mode, the module is stillS0235-00S0237-00S0238-00。
电磁式数字流量开关lfef系列使用说明书
文件No.LFE****-OMY0008电磁式数字流量开关LFE####有限公司SMC有限公司安全注意事项 2 型式表示・型号体系 11 产品各部分名称及功能 13 用语说明 14 安装·设置 16 安装方法 18 配管方法 19 配线方法 21 流量设定 24 功能设定 26 出厂时的设定 26 F1 OUT1设定 28 F2 OUT2设定 36 F3响应时间设定 40 F10子画面的显示内容选择 41 F20外部输入设定 45 F22模拟输出设定 46 F30累计保持功能 47 F32流动方向设定功能 48 F33密接安装设定 50 F34复零设定 51 F80省电模式设定 52 F81 密码输入设定 53 F82 生产线名的输入 54 F90 全项目设定 55 F98 输出确认 56 F99 恢复出厂设置 57 其他设定 58 保养 60 故障一览表 61 规格 64 适用流体 66 特性表 67 模拟输出 70 外形尺寸图 71此处所示的注意事项是为了确保您能安全正确地使用本产品，预先防止对您和他人造成危害和损失而制定的。
这些注意事项，按照危害和损伤的大小及紧急程度分为「注意」「警告」「危险」三个等级。
无论哪个都是与安全相关的重要内容，所以除了遵守国际规格(ISO/IEC)、日本工业规格(JIS)※1）以及其他安全法规※2）外，这些内容也请务必遵守。
※1) ISO 4414:Pneumatic fluid power -- General rules relating to systems.ISO 4413:Hydraulic fluid power -- General rules relating to systems.IEC 60204-1:Safety of machinery --Electrical equipment of machines. (Part1:General requirements) ISO 10218-1992:Manipulating industrial robots -Safety JIS B 8370:空气压系统通则 JIS B 8361:油压系统通则JIS B 9960-1:机械类的安全性-机械的电气装置((第1部:一般要求事项) JIS B 8433-1993:工业用操作机器人－安全性等 ※2) 劳动安全卫生法等注意:误操作时，有人员受伤的风险，以及仅有物品破损的风险的事项。
磁性开关有触点和无触点的区别
磁性开关有触点和无触点的区别展开全文磁性开关是一种利用磁场信号来控制的线路开关器件，也叫磁控开关。
常用的磁性开关有单触点和双触点两种。
磁性开关意思就是通过磁铁来感应的，这个“磁”就是磁铁，磁铁也有好几种，磁性开关的工作原理，市场上面常用的磁铁有橡胶磁、永磁铁氧体、烧结钕铁硼等。
开关就是干簧管了。
当有磁性物质靠近玻璃管时，在磁场磁力线的作用下，管内的两个簧片被磁化而互相吸引接触，簧片就会吸合在一起，使结点所接的电路连通。
外磁力消失后，两个簧片由于本身的弹性而分开，线路也就断开了。
磁性开关有触点和无触点区别与从来用于气缸活塞位置检出的舌簧接点方式不同，无接点磁性开关使用了磁敏电（传感器）和电子回路，因此也被称作电子磁性开关。
特征：根据内部构成部品的不同，两种磁性开关分别具有下述的各种不同特征。
1）寿命：2）有接点有接点开关的寿命标称值为500万回。
但是根据所带负载情况的不同，其寿命值也会有比较大的区别，一般分布在几百万回～1500万回之间。
b）无接点无接点开关的内部由于没有机械式的接点，因此寿命是半永久*的。
半永久：并不是指没有寿命的限制。
2）振荡现象：a）有接点舌簧接点在开闭时产生的弹动，会造成输出信号有振荡的现象。
b）无接点由于使用三极管进行ON/OFF动作，因此不会使输出信号产生振荡。
3）开闭容量：a）有接点由于对能流过舌簧接点的电流有限制，不能进行大容量的开闭。
b）无接点虽然基于三极管的热损失也有一定的限制，但是比有接点开关的上限容量大。
另外，对于瞬时间的变动（如突入电流等）有一定的余量保证空间。
4）内部电压降：有接点？无接点开关都要满足下述条件：电源（负载）电压－内部电压降＞负载工作电压使用PLC时：ON电压）* 如果不能够满足上述条件时，负载不能正常ON（或一直保持OFF的状态）。
a）有接点因为显示灯（LED）串联在回路中，内部电压降也包括其顺方向的电压降。
实力值：2～3Vb）无接点二线式为使电子回路工作，不能将电压设置过低。
常用开关的种类及特点
常用开关的种类及特点电气装置中使用许多开关，开关的作用是断开、接通或转换电路，以控制电气装置的工作或停止。
它们的种类及规格非常多，应用十分广泛。
开关的文字符号用“S”或“xS”表示。
开关的“极”对应于过去所称的“刀”，“位”则对应于过去所称的“掷”，如：双极双位开关就是原称的双刀双掷开关。
开关的极相当于开关的活动触点(触头、触刀)，位相当于开关的静止触点。
当技动或拨动开关时，活动触点就与静止触点接通(或断开)，从而起到接通或断开电路的作用。
由于单极单位开关只有一个活动触点和一个静止触点，所以只能接通或断开一条电路。
单极双位开关则可选择接通(或断开)两条电路中的一条；双极双位开关可同时接通或断开两条独立的电路，其他极位开关的作用可依次类推。
1．滑动开关滑动开关的内部置有滑块，通过不同的方式驱动滑块，使滑块动作，开关触点接通或断开，从而起到开关作用。
滑动开关有拨动式、杠杆式、旋转式、推动式及软带式等。
(1)拨动式开关。
拨动式开关一般由金属外壳、塑料支架和开关片三部分组成，开关片的绝缘基体一般为玻璃丝板，上面压接有两排切入式固定触点；塑料支架上开有小槽，槽中相应固定咬合式滑动；金属外壳把塑料支架与开关片固定在一起。
当拨动开关时，塑料支架带动在开关片上的固定触片上滑动，定位珠和弹簧使开关动作定位淮确，并能保证在一定震动情况下不致错位常用的拨动式开关有1极2位、1极3位、2极2位、2极3位、4极3位、4极4位、10极3位、4极10位等。
其中大于3极的多极多位开关主要用做波段转换，有些波段开关的位数可多达十几位，可变换十几个挡位。
拨动式转换开关一般是直接焊在印制电路板上的，具有体积小、引线接线短、价格较低的优点，但由于结构上的原因，位数和刀数不可能做得太多，在电路中换接的电压不能太高，电流也不能太大。
拨动开关广泛应用于收音机、收录机、电视机及各种仪器仪表中，用做波段开关、声道转换开关、功能(收录放等)切换开关、磁带选择开关及杜比降噪开关等。
磁感应开关
磁感应开关磁感应开关也叫感应开关，是用来检测磁场的传感器。
在当今电气一体化的设备中，检测气缸活塞运动位置的传感器，磁感应开关无疑是首要选择。
磁感应开关可分为有触点式（机械式）和无触点式（电子式）两种。
一、有触点式磁感应开关有触点式磁感应开关是通过内部机械触点的接通与断开来工作的感应开关。
1、工作原理有触点式磁感应开关内部的主要元件是磁簧管（也叫舌簧管）如图5.4所示。
磁簧管的两块簧片是由软磁金属材料制成。
软磁材料在磁场环境中非常容易被磁化，而离开磁场环境后也非常容易消磁。
磁簧管图 5.4 磁感应开关内部原理图与接线图感应开关安装在带有磁环的气缸上，气缸活塞移动到一定位置，当活塞上的磁铁处在磁簧管正下方时，磁簧管内部的两块弹片分别被磁化成N极与S极，两块弹片因异性相吸而连接在一起，从而使开关导通，如图5.5（a）。
磁簧管图5.5（a）磁铁处于磁簧管正下方（b）磁铁处于磁簧管的某一侧当磁铁处在磁簧管的某一侧时，磁簧管的两块弹片会被磁化成相同的N极或S极，两块弹片因同性相弃而离得更远，如图5.5（b）。
见图5.6，活塞向右运动，当磁环到A位置时，磁簧管被接通，磁环移到B 位置时，磁簧管断开，A—B区间称为动作范围。
活塞向左反向运动，当磁环移到C位置，磁簧管才接通，当继续左行至位置D时，磁簧管才断开，C—D区间也是动作范围。
有触点磁性开关的动作范围一般在5~12mm,与开关型号及气缸缸径有关。
如图中A—D与C—B区间，只有活塞向某一个方向运动才可使开关接通的区间，称为磁滞区间，此区间通常小于2mm。
除去磁滞区间的动作范围为最适合安装位置，其中间位置称为最高灵敏度位置。
图5.6 磁感应开关动作区间图磁环停止在最高灵敏度位置，开关动作稳定，不易受外界干扰。
若磁环停止在磁滞区间，则开关动作不稳定，易受外界干扰。
2、特点磁簧管内部充入惰性气体，触点在开闭时可避免产生火花，同时可减少火花引起的氧化、碳化，触点镀贵金属、耐磨。
磁性开关说明
磁性开关的性能对比
磁性开关的选用
说明 序号 项目 有接点 1 无接点 2 3 用途 使用电压V 使用电压V 漏电流 无 3线式：100µA以下 线式：100 A 线式：1mA以下 2线式：1mA以下 动作时间ms 动作时间ms 1.2 ≤1 寿命 几千万次 半永久 适合高频工作 耐冲击性能m/s 耐冲击性能m/s2 300 500
磁性开关
本章要求掌握的主要内容： 本章要求掌握的主要内容：
1. 磁性开关的工作原理 2. 磁性开关的分类 3. 磁性开关的性能对比 4. 磁性开关的使用注意事项
磁性开关的工作原理
• 磁性开关是用来检测气缸活塞位置的： 磁性开关是用来检测气缸活塞位置的：即检测活塞的 运动行程的。它可分为有接点型和无接点型两种。 运动行程的。它可分为有接点型和无接点型两种。
磁性开关的使用注意事项
• 有接点磁性开关注意事项
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1、安装时，不得让开关受过大的冲击力，如将开关打入、抛扔等， 、安装时，不得让开关受过大的冲击力，如将开关打入、抛扔等， 会损坏开关； 会损坏开关； 2、不能让磁性开关处于水或冷却液中使用； 、不能让磁性开关处于水或冷却液中使用； 3、绝对不要用于有爆炸性、可燃性气体的环境中； 、绝对不要用于有爆炸性、可燃性气体的环境中； 4、周围有强磁场、大电流（如电焊机等）的环境中应选用耐强磁场 、周围有强磁场、大电流（如电焊机等） 的磁性开关； 的磁性开关； 5、不要把连接导线和动力线（如电动机等）、高压线并在一起； 、不要把连接导线和动力线（如电动机等）、高压线并在一起； ）、高压线并在一起
无接点电晶体型－ 无接点电晶体型－抗强磁型
• 抗交流磁场型
CS1-69AM 磁感 应开关
只能用于直流电源，专用于 系列焊接夹紧缸； 只能用于直流电源，专用于MCK系列焊接夹紧缸； 系列焊接夹紧缸 目前我司暂未有抗直流强磁场型磁性开关。 目前我司暂未有抗直流强磁场型磁性开关。
艾礼富alef常用探测器种类及原理
艾礼富alef常用探测器种类及原理1．探测器的类型探测器类型一般有，红外、微波、震动、烟感、气感、玻璃破碎、压力、超声波等等。
其中红外探测器还可分为主动红外和被动红外，烟感还可分为离子式和光电式。
市面上常见的有红外探测器（被动红外）、对射、栅栏（主动红外）、双鉴探测器、震动探测器、玻璃破碎探测器。
2．开关式探测器开关式报警器开关式报警器是通过各种类型开关的闭合和断开来控制电路产生通、断，从而触发报警。
常见的开关有磁控开关、微动开关、压力垫，或用金属丝、金属条、金属箔等来代用的多种类型开关。
磁控开关又称磁控管或磁簧开关，由永久磁铁及干簧管组成。
磁控开关应该避免直接安装在金属物体上，必须使用时应使用钢门专用型磁控开关或改用微动开关或其它类型开关器件。
3．主动红外探测器主动红外探测器由红外发射器和红外接收器组成。
红外发射器发射一束或多束经过调制过的红外光线投向红外接收器。
发射器与接收器之间没有遮挡物时，探测器不会报警。
有物体遮挡时，接收器输出信号发生变化，探测器报警。
4．被动红外探测器被动红外探测器中有2个关键性元件，一个是菲涅尔透镜，另一个是热释电传感器。
自然界中任何高于绝对温度（-273o）的物体都会产生红外辐射，不同温度的物体释放的红外能量波长也不同。
人体有恒定的体温，与周围环境温度存在差别。
当人体移动时，这种差别的变化通过菲涅尔透镜被热释电传感器检测到，从而输出报警信号。
（菲涅尔透镜的作用：菲涅尔透镜有2个作用。
一个是将热释的红外辐射折射或反射到热释电传感器上，另一个作用是将探测区域分成若干个明区和暗区。
）5．双元四元红外探测器把2个性能相同，极性相反的热释电传感器整合在一起的探测器是双元探测器；把4个性能相同，极性相反的热释电传感器整合在一起的探测器就是四元探测器。
（温度补偿：在一般情况下，人的体温总是比环境温度高得多。
当入侵者运动时，传感器接收到红外的变化信号幅度较大而触发报警。
当附近环境温度升高到与人体温度接近时，入侵者在运动时传感器接收到的红外变化信号幅度就很小，这样有可能由于信号小于触发阀值而不会报警。
磁性开关工作原理
磁性开关工作原理
磁性开关是一种常用的电气控制元件，它利用磁场的作用实现开关的闭合和断开。
磁性开关主要由磁性触发器、触发装置和控制装置组成。
它的工作原理是利用外部磁场的作用，使磁性触发器内部的磁性材料发生磁化或去磁化，从而改变触发装置的状态，控制电路的通断。
磁性开关的磁性触发器通常采用磁性材料制成，如铁氧体、钕铁硼等。
当外部
磁场的作用下，磁性触发器内部的磁性材料会发生磁化或去磁化。
在没有外部磁场作用时，磁性触发器处于一种稳定的状态，不会改变。
而当外部磁场的作用下，磁性触发器内部的磁性材料会发生变化，从而改变触发装置的状态。
触发装置是磁性开关的核心部件，它通过磁性触发器的状态变化，控制开关的
闭合和断开。
当磁性触发器内部的磁性材料发生磁化或去磁化时，触发装置会相应地改变，从而控制开关的状态。
当外部磁场的作用下，触发装置会使开关闭合；当外部磁场消失时，触发装置会使开关断开。
控制装置是磁性开关的另一重要部件，它可以根据需要对磁性开关进行控制。
控制装置通常包括电路板、继电器等电气元件，它可以实现对磁性开关的远程控制、定时控制等功能。
总的来说，磁性开关的工作原理是利用外部磁场的作用，改变磁性触发器内部
磁性材料的状态，从而控制触发装置的状态，进而控制开关的闭合和断开。
磁性开关具有结构简单、可靠性高、使用寿命长等优点，因此在工业自动化控制领域得到了广泛的应用。
通过以上的介绍，相信大家对磁性开关的工作原理有了更深入的了解。
希望本
文可以帮助大家更好地理解磁性开关的工作原理，为相关领域的工作和学习提供帮助。
磁性开关PPT
重点 教
学
重
点 磁性式接近开关安装与调试方法； 难 点
难点
磁性开关安装与调试过程中遇到的 问题
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远 3
3 单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
项目引入
磁性开关相关知识， 观看案例、动画、视频，总结气缸工作过程， 针对气缸伸出缩回位置，进行传感器选型。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远 4
3 单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
磁性开关选用
无触点式磁性开关特点： 无触点磁性开关内无可动部件，故寿命是半永久的。动作 时间短，在1ms以下。动作范围一般为3 ～10mm，磁滞 区间通常小于1mm。检测可靠性高。耐冲击，可达 1000m/s^2。适合需开关高频动作的场合。但应注意这 种开关有漏电流，三线式100μA以下，二线式在0.8mA 以下。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远 2
3 单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
能力目标
教 学 (1) 能够正确的安装磁性开关位置； 目 (2) 熟练的完成接线； 标 (3)能够根据功能调试磁性式接近开关。
知识目标
(1) 机械手磁性开关的工作原理与特 性； (2) 磁性开关的安装调试步骤； (3) 磁性开关安装调试注意事项。
在25Ω以下。吸合功率小，过载能力较差。
3、磁性开关的安装位置的改变很方便。有动作指示灯显示，
安装、维护、检查都非常方便。寿命10^7～10^8次，价廉，
易冷焊接。
4、相应快，动作时间为1.2ms。耐冲击，冲击加速度可达
300m/s^2,无漏电流存在。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远12
3 单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远10
3 单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
接近开关原理及其应用
什么是接近开关，接近开关的应用什么是接近开关接近开关又称无触点行程开关，它除可以完成形成控制和限位保护外，还是一种非接触型的检测装置，用作检测零件尺寸和测速等，也可用于变频计数器、变频脉冲发生器、液面控制和加工程序的自动衔接等。
特点有工作可靠、寿命长、功耗低、复定位精度高、操作频率高以及适应恶劣的工作环境等。
两线接近开关和三线接近开关应用区别1、三线接近开关为二根线接DC24V电源,另一根为信号线；二线接近开关一根线接DC24V电源正，另一根为信号线。
两线的回路中必须带它允许电流的负载后，才接到电源中去。
2、三线接近开关维护时需要校线，较两线接近开关接线麻烦。
3、两线接近开关比三线接近开关漏电流大，抗干扰性能不如三线接近开关。
如何选用不同类型的接近开关在一般的工业生产场所，通常都选用对环境要求条件较低的涡流式接近开关和电容式接近开关。
1、当被测物件是导电物体或可以固定在一块金属物上的物体时，一般都选用涡流式接近开关。
因为它的回应频率高、抗环境干扰性能好、应用范围广、价格较低。
2、若所测物件是非金属（或金属）、液位元高度、粉状物高度、塑胶、烟草等，则应选用电容式接近开关。
电容式接近开关的回应频率低、稳定性好。
安装时应考虑环境因素的影响。
1、若被测物为导磁材料或者为了区别和它在一同运动的物体而把磁钢埋在被测物体内时，应选用价格最低的霍尔接近开关。
2、在环境条件比较好、无粉尘污染的场合，可采用光电接近开关。
光电接近开关工作时对被测物件几乎无任何影。
因此，在要求较高的传真机上，在烟草机械上都被广泛地使用。
3、在防盗系统中，自动门通常使用热释电接近开关、超声波接近开关、微波接近开关。
有时为了提高识别的可靠性，上述几种接近开关往往被复合使用。
无论选用哪种接近开关，都应注意对工作电压、负载电流、回应频率、检测距离等各项指标的要求。
选择接近开关需要明确的技术参数1、接近开关使用电压2、接近开关输出状态（为常闭或常开）3、三线接近开关为NPN型或PNP型4、接近开关外径5、接近开关为埋入式或非埋入式的6、接近开关感应距离要大小7、现场被测物和环境条件决定适用涡流式接近开关、电容式接近开关或是霍尔接近开关接近开关的安装方法一般接近开关有两种安装方式：齐平安装和非齐平安装。
磁性开关
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
2、气缸磁性开关安装方式·固定在导轨上
开关壳体上有一带孔的夹片，导轨中有 一可滑移的安装螺母，将安装螺钉穿过 夹片孔，对准螺母拧紧，则开关便紧固 在导轨上。这张安装方法通常用于中小 型气缸及带安装平面的气缸。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
六、磁性开关安装注意事项
定期维护检查下面几点，以防开关误动作 1、增拧感应开关的安装小螺钉
防止感应开关松动或位置发生偏移；如果已经发生偏移， 应重新调整到正确的位置后再紧固小螺钉。 2、检查导线有无损伤
导线损伤会造成绝缘不良或导线断路。如果发现导线破 损，应更换开关或修复导线。
学
重
点 磁性式接近开关安装与调试方法； 难 点
难点
磁性开关安装与调试过程中遇到的 问题
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
项目引入
磁性开关相关知识， 观看案例、动画、视频，总结气缸工作过程， 针对气缸伸出缩回位置，进行传感器选型。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
知识讲解
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
二、无触点式磁性开关
• 无接点式感应开关从结构和原理上与有接点式感应开 关都有本质的区别，它是通过对内部晶体管的控制， 来发出控制信号。当磁环靠近感应开关时，晶体管导 通，产生电信号；当磁环离开磁性开关后，晶体管关 断，电信号消失。最大感应点如下图。
日照职业技术学院
宁静致远
单元三 磁性开关安装与调试
六、磁性开关安装注意事项
永磁断路器使用说明书2
永磁真空断路器使用说明书一、概述我厂新研制开发专利产品永磁断路器为第二代产品，目前国际领先，型号：ZNY2-6（12）/630-12.5(25)，专利号：200620027059.0磁钢采用乌克兰技术，磁系统由矽钢片组成永不串磁，电容选用世界品牌日本红宝石，使用寿命是国产品牌的2倍以上，控制器采用XB300永磁开关控制器。
XB300永磁开关控制器，主要应用于使用永磁操动机构的矿用隔爆真空断路器。
对永磁真空断路器合闸、分闸过程进行控制。
其中XB300-MD适用于单线圈、单（双）稳态永磁机构，XB300-MS使用双线圈、单（双）稳态永磁机构。
XB300磁开关控制器主要特点：1．合分闸电流可调、合闸过程可控、可实现合分闸速度可调。
2．采用IGBT作为功率驱动，输入输出无触点，体积小，智能一体化设计，全部订制参数485总线设计。
3．交流100V输入电压断电或欠压时，可实现自动分闸、合闸闭锁、和电容自动放电功能。
储能电容充4．输入电压工作范围宽，AC60V至AC150V可正常工作。
可以为1～10万F 电，提供一个DC80～160V的可调稳压的机构操作电源。
5．对永磁机构的驱动电流大，DC60或160A。
6．设有两路开入检测口，可以根据需求，实现闭锁或其它组合逻辑功能。
7．合分闸位置检测可以使用接近开关，也可以使用辅助触点。
8．合分闸操作可以使用本地按钮、100V有源远程线控、485通信。
9．控制器的状态可以通过指示灯显示、触点输出、485总线读取。
二、型号及其含义Z N Y 2-6(12)/630-12.5(25)额定短路开断电流KA额定电流A额定电压KV设计序号特征标记（Y为永磁机构）户内式真空断路器三、正常使用条件a.环境温度：-5℃～+40℃b.湿度：日平均值不大于95%，月平均值不大于90%（温度为25℃时）。
c.海拔高度：不超过1000m。
d.不能用于有明显污秽，化学腐蚀及剧烈振动的场所。
e.超出本说明书规定的要求，由用户与制造厂协商。
艾乐格A1201霍尔效应双极开关说明书
DescriptionThe Allegro ® A1201 Hall-effect bipolar switch is a next-generation replacement and extension of the popular Allegro A3134 bipolar switch. Overall, the A1201, produced with BiCMOS technology, is a continuous-time device that features fast power-on time and low-noise operation. Device programming is performed after packaging, to ensure increased switchpoint accuracy by eliminating offsets that can be induced by package stress. Unique Hall element geometries and low-offset amplifiers help to minimize noise and to reduce the residual offset voltage normally caused by device overmolding, temperature excursions, and thermal stress.The A 1201 Hall-effect bipolar switch includes the following on a single silicon chip: voltage regulator, Hall-voltage generator, small-signal amplifier, Schmitt trigger, and NMOS output transistor. The integrated voltage regulator permits operation from 3.8 to 24 V . The extensive on-board protection circuitry makes possible a ±30 V absolute maximum voltage rating for superior protection in automotive and motor commutation applications, without adding external components. The device is a member of the A1201 product family which has identical electrical characteristics throughout, but provides a range of magnetic switchpoints.Features and Benefits▪ Continuous-time operation ▫ Fast power-on time ▫ Low noise▪ Stable operation over full operating temperature range ▪ Reverse battery protection ▪ Solid-state reliability▪ Factory-programmed at end-of-line for optimum performance▪ Robust EMC performance ▪ High ESD rating▪ Regulator stability without a bypass capacitorContinuous-Time Bipolar SwitchContinued on the next page…Packages: 3 pin SOT23W (suffix LH), and3 pin SIP (suffix UA)Functional Block DiagramNot to scaleA1201VOUTThe small geometries of the BiCMOS process allow these devices to be provided in ultrasmall packages. The package styles available provide magnetically optimized solutions for most applications. Package LH is a SOT23W, a miniature low-profile surface-mountpackage, while package UA is a three-lead ultramini SIP for through-hole mounting. Each package is lead (Pb) free, with 100% matte tin plated leadframes.Selection GuidePart NumberPacking 1MountingAmbient, T AB RP (Min)B OP (Max)A 1201ELHLT-T 2 7-in. reel, 3000 pieces/reel 3-pin SOT23W surface mount–40ºC to 85ºC–5050A1201EUA-T 2Bulk, 500 pieces/bag 3-pin SIP through hole A1201LLHLT-T 27-in. reel, 3000 pieces/reel 3-pin SOT23W surface mount–40ºC to 150ºCA1201LUA-T 2Bulk, 500 pieces/bag3-pin SIP through hole1Contact Allegro for additional packing options.2Variant is obsolete.Description (continued)Absolute Maximum RatingsCharacteristicSymbol Notes Rating Units Supply Voltage V CC 30V Reverse Supply Voltage V RCC –30V Output Off Voltage V OUT 30V Reverse Output Voltage V ROUT –0.5V Output Current Sink I OUTSINK25mA Magnetic Flux DensityBUnlimitedG Operating Ambient Temperature T A Range E –40 to 85ºC Range L–40 to 150ºC Maximum Junction Temperature T J (max)165ºC Storage TemperatureT stg–65 to 170ºCPin-out DiagramsTerminal ListName DescriptionNumberPackage LH Package UAVCC Connects power supply to chip 11VOUT Output from circuit 23GNDGround32G N DV O U TV C CPackage UAPackage LHN DV O U V COPERATING CHARACTERISTICS over full operating voltage and ambient temperature ranges, unless otherwise noted Characteristic Symbol Test Conditions Min.Typ.Max.Units Electrical CharacteristicsSupply Voltage1V CC Operating, T J < 165°C 3.8–24V Output Leakage Current I OUTOFF V OUT = 24 V, B < B RP––10μA Output On Voltage V OUT(SAT)I OUT = 20 mA, B > B OP–215400mVPower-On Time2t PO Slew rate (dV CC/dt) < 2.5 V/μs, B > B OP(max) + 5 Gor B < B RP(min) – 5 G––4μsOutput Rise Time3t r V CC = 12 V, R LOAD = 820 Ω, C S = 12 pF––2μs Output Fall Time3t f V CC = 12 V, R LOAD = 820 Ω, C S = 12 pF––2μsSupply Current I CCON B > B OP– 3.87.5mA I CCOFF B < B RP– 3.57.5mAReverse Battery Current I RCC V RCC = –30 V–––10mA Supply Zener Clamp Voltage V Z I CC = 30 mA; T A = 25°C32––V Supply Zener Current4I Z V Z = 32 V; T A = 25°C––30mA Magnetic Characteristics5Operate Point B OP A1201South pole adjacent to branded faceof device–401550GRelease Point B RP A1201North pole adjacent to branded faceof device–50–1540GHysteresis B HYS A1201B OP – B RP53055G1 Maximum voltage must be adjusted for power dissipation and junction temperature, see Power Derating section.2 For V CC slew rates greater than 250 V/μs, and T A = 150°C, the Power-On Time can reach its maximum value.3 C S =oscilloscope probe capacitance.4 Maximum current limit is equal to the maximum I CC(max) + 22 mA.5 Magnetic flux density, B, is indicated as a negative value for north-polarity magnetic fields, and as a positive value for south-polarity magnetic fields. This so-called algebraic convention supports arithmetic comparison of north and south polarity values, where the relative strength of the field is indicated by the absolute value of B, and the sign indicates the polarity of the field (for example, a –100 G field and a 100 G field have equivalent strength, but opposite polarity).DEVICE QUALIFICATION PROGRAMContact Allegro for information.EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) REQUIREMENTSContact Allegro for information.THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS may require derating at maximum conditions, see application informationCharacteristicSymbolTest ConditionsValue Units Package Thermal ResistanceR θJAPackage LH, 1-layer PCB with copper limited to solder pads228ºC/W Package LH, 2-layer PCB with 0.463 in.2 of copper area each side connected by thermal vias110ºC/W Package UA, 1-layer PCB with copper limited to solder pads165ºC/W6789234510111213141516171819202122232425M a x i m u m A l l o w a b l e V C C (V )T = 165ºC; I = I Power Derating Curve V CC(min)V CC(max)100200300400500600700800900100011001200130014001500160017001800190020406080100120140160180Temperature (°C)P o w e r D i s s i p a t i o n , P D (m W )Power Dissipation versus Ambient TemperatureCharacteristic DataFunctional DescriptionBipolar Device SwitchingThe A1201 provides highly sensitive switching for applica-tions using magnetic fields of alternating polarities, such as ring magnets. There are three switching modes for bipolar devices, referred to as latch , unipolar switch , and negative switch . Mode is determined by the switchpoint characteristics of the individual device. The characteristic hysteresis, B HYS , of the device, is the difference in the relative magnetic strength and polarity of the switchpoints of the device. (Note that, in the following descrip-tions, a negative magnetic value indicates a north polarity field, and a positive magnetic value indicates a south polarity field. For a given value of magnetic strength, B X , the values –B X and B X indicate two fields of equal strength, but opposite polarity. B = 0 indicates the absence of a magnetic field.)Bipolar devices typically behave as latches. In this mode, magnetic fields of opposite polarity and equivalent strengths are needed to switch the output. When the magnetic fields are removed (B 0) the device remains in the same state until a magnetic field of the opposite polarity and of sufficient strength causes it to switch. The hysteresis of latch mode behavior is shown in panel A of figure 1.In contrast to latching, when a device exhibits unipolar switch-ing, it only responds to a south magnetic field. The field must be of sufficient strength, > B OP , for the device to operate. When the field is reduced beyond the B RP level, the device switches back to the high state, as shown in panel B of figure 1. Devices exhibiting negative switch behavior operate in a similar but opposite manner. A north polarity field of sufficient strength, > B RP , (more north than B RP ) is required for operation, although the result is that V OUT switches high, as shown in panel C. WhenFigure 1. Bipolar Device Output Switching Modes. These behaviors can be exhibited when using a circuit such as that shown in panel D. Panel A displays the hysteresis when a device exhibits latch mode (note that the B HYS band incorporates B= 0), panel B shows unipolar switch behavior (the B HYS band is more positive than B = 0), and panel C shows negative switch behavior (the B HYS band is more negative than B = 0). Bipolar devices, such as the A1201, can operate in any of the three modes.HYS V O U THYS HYSV OUT(SAT)CC(A)(B)(C)(D)the field is reduced beyond the B OP level, the device switches back to the low state.The typical output behavior of the A1201 device is latching. That is, switching to the low state when the magnetic field at the Hall element exceeds the operate point threshold, B OP . At this point, the output voltage is V OUT(SAT). When the magnetic field is reduced to below the release point threshold, B RP , the device output, V OUT , goes high. The values of the magnetic parameters are specified in the Magnetic Characteristics table, on page 3. Note that, as shown in figure 1, these switchpoints can lie in either north or south polarity ranges.The A1201 is designed to attain a small hysteresis, and thereby provide more sensitive switching. Although this means that true latching behavior cannot be guaranteed in all cases, proper switching can be ensured by use of both south and north mag-netic fields, as in a ring magnet. The hysteresis of the A1201 allows clean switching of the output, even in the presence of external mechanical vibration and electrical noise.Bipolar devices adopt an indeterminate output state when pow-ered-on in the absence of a magnetic field or in a field that lies within the hysteresis band of the device.For more information on Bipolar switches, refer to Application Note 27705, Understanding Bipolar Hall Effect Sensor ICs .CONTINUOUS-TIME BENEFITSContinuous-time devices, such as the A1201, offer the fastest available power-on settling time and frequency response. Due to offsets generated during the IC packaging process, continuous-time devices typically require programming after packaging to tighten magnetic parameter distributions. In contrast, chopper-stabilized switches employ an offset cancellation technique on the chip that eliminates these offsets without the need for after-packaging programming. The tradeoff is a longer settling time and reduced frequency response as a result of the chopper-stabilization offset cancellation algorithm.Figure 2. Continuous-Time Application, B < B RP .. This figure illustrates the use of a quick cycle for chopping V CC in order to conserve battery power. Position 1, power is applied to the device. Position 2, the output assumes the correct state at a time prior to the maximum Power-On Time, t PO(max). The case shown is where the correct output state is HIGH . Position 3, t PO(max) has elapsed. The device output is valid. Position 4, after the output is valid, a control unit reads the output. Position 5, power is removed from the device.VV PO(max)The choice between continuous-time and chopper-stabilized designs is solely determined by the application. Battery manage-ment is an example where continuous-time is often required. In these applications, V CC is chopped with a very small duty cycle in order to conserve power (refer to figure 4). The duty cycleis controlled by the power-on time, t PO, of the device. Because continuous-time devices have the shorter power-on time, they are the clear choice for such applications.For more information on the chopper stabilization technique, refer to Technical Paper STP 97-10, Monolithic Magnetic Hall Sensing Using Dynamic Quadrature Offset Cancellation and Technical Paper STP 99-1, Chopper-Stabilized Amplifiers with a Track-and-Hold Signal Demodulator.ADDITIONAL APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Extensive applications information for Hall-effect devices is available in:• Hall-Effect IC Applications Guide, Application Note 27701• Hall-Effect Devices: Gluing, Potting, Encapsulating, Lead Welding and Lead Forming, Application Note 27703.1• Soldering Methods for Allegro’s Products – SMT and Through-Hole, Application Note 26009All are provided in Allegro Electronic Data Book, AMS-702, and the Allegro Web site, .Power Derating Power DeratingThe device must be operated below the maximum junction temperature of the device, T J(max). Under certain combinations of peak conditions, reliable operation may require derating sup-plied power or improving the heat dissipation properties of the application. This section presents a procedure for correlating factors affecting operating T J. (Thermal data is also available on the Allegro MicroSystems Web site.)The Package Thermal Resistance, RθJA, is a figure of merit sum-marizing the ability of the application and the device to dissipate heat from the junction (die), through all paths to the ambient air. Its primary component is the Effective Thermal Conductivity, K, of the printed circuit board, including adjacent devices and traces. Radiation from the die through the device case, RθJC, is relatively small component of RθJA. Ambient air temperature,T A, and air motion are significant external factors, damped by overmolding.The effect of varying power levels (Power Dissipation, P D), can be estimated. The following formulas represent the fundamental relationships used to estimate T J, at P D.P D = V IN× I IN (1)∆T = P D× RθJA(2)T J = T A + ΔT (3)For example, given common conditions such as: T A= 25°C,V CC = 12 V, I CC = 4 mA, and RθJA = 140 °C/W, then:P D = V CC× I CC = 12 V × 4 mA = 48 mW∆T = P D× RθJA = 48 mW × 140 °C/W = 7°CT J = T A + ∆T = 25°C + 7°C = 32°CA worst-case estimate, P D(max), represents the maximum allow-able power level (V CC(max), I CC(max)), without exceeding T J(max), at a selected RθJA and T A.Example: Reliability for V CC at T A =150°C, package UA, using minimum-K PCB.Observe the worst-case ratings for the device, specifically:RθJA =165°C/W, T J(max) =165°C, V CC(max) =24 V, andI CC(max) =7.5mA.Calculate the maximum allowable power level, P D(max). First, invert equation 3:∆T max = T J(max) – T A = 165°C–150°C = 15°CThis provides the allowable increase to T J resulting from internal power dissipation. Then, invert equation 2:P D(max) = ∆T max ÷ RθJA = 15°C ÷ 165 °C/W = 91 mWFinally, invert equation 1 with respect to voltage:V CC(est) = P D(max) ÷ I CC(max) =91 mW ÷ 7.5 mA = 12.1 VThe result indicates that, at T A, the application and device can dissipate adequate amounts of heat at voltages ≤V CC(est). Compare V CC(est) to V CC(max). If V CC(est)≤ V CC(max), then reli-able operation between V CC(est) and V CC(max) requires enhanced RθJA. If V CC(est)≥ V CC(max), then operation between V CC(est) and V CC(max) is reliable under these conditions.Package LH, 3-Pin (SOT-23W)A Active Area Depth, 0.28 mm REFB C Reference land pattern layoutAll pads a minimum of 0.20 mm from all adjacent pads; adjust as necessaryto meet application process requirements and PCB layout tolerancesBranding scale and appearance at supplier discretionN = Last two digits of device part numberT = Temperature code2.90+0.12For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference dwg. 802840)Dimensions in millimetersDimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusionsExact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shownD Hall element, not to scalePackage UA, 3-Pin SIPCopyright ©2005-2009, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc.Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. reserves the right to make, from time to time, such de p ar t ures from the detail spec i f i c a t ions as may be required to permit improvements in the per f or m ance, reliability, or manufacturability of its products. Before plac-ing an order, the user is cautioned to verify that the information being relied upon is current.Allegro’s products are not to be used in life support devices or systems, if a failure of an Allegro product can reasonably be expected to cause the failure of that life support device or system, or to affect the safety or effectiveness of that device or system.The in f or m a t ion in c lud e d herein is believed to be ac c u r ate and reliable. How e v e r, Allegro MicroSystems, Inc. assumes no re s pon s i b il i t y for its use; nor for any in f ringe m ent of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use.For the latest version of this document, visit our website:EEGate burr areaA B C Dambar removal protrusion (6X)D ED Branding scale and appearance at supplier discretion Hall element, not to scaleActive Area Depth, 0.50 mm REF For Reference Only; not for tooling use (reference DWG-9049)Dimensions in millimetersDimensions exclusive of mold flash, gate burrs, and dambar protrusions Exact case and lead configuration at supplier discretion within limits shownStandard Branding Reference View = Supplier emblemN = Last two digits of device part number T = Temperature codeFace+0.083.02。
电子型磁场断路器说明书
电子型磁场断路器ELECTRONIC FIELD CIRCUIT BREAKER科聚科大创新股份有限公司科聚分公司KEJU ELECTRIC BRANCH OF USTC CHUANGXIN CO. LTD.,科大创新股份有限公司科聚分公司KEJU BRANCH OF USTC.CHUANGXIN CO.,LTD地址：中国安徽合肥市长江西路669号G-1区邮编：230088Add： 669 West Changjiang Rd., Hefei Anhui, 230088 PR China电话(TeL): 0086-551-5329599传真(Fax): 0086-551-5329618E-mail：keju@http: //1 产品用途与特点电子型磁场断路器（简称电子断路器或DDL）是一种利用大功率电力电子器件构成的新型无弧固态直流快速断路装置。
它利用目前电力电子器件中应用最广泛、参数水平最高、制造工艺成熟、性能稳定可靠的大功率半导体元件−−可控硅为核心器件，采用热管散热器高效换热技术、人工过零关断技术、PLC智能化监控检测技术等，形成了全新概念的直流磁场断路器，可直接取代目前常规的机械式磁场断路器，应用于大中小各型同步发电机的转子励磁回路，作为移能灭磁的换流断路器。
电子断路器同样适用于各种需要直流断路器的其他场合。
电子型磁场断路器具有普通机械型磁场断路器不可比拟的优越性：(1) 电子断路器属于电子固态断路器，断流速度快。
可控硅主元件断流时间小于0.5ms，整个换流过程小于2~4ms，属于快速直流断路器，比常规机械式开关高出一个数量级。
(2) 电子断路器属于非接触式断路器，因而断流无弧光、无声响、无震动，不存在机械开关断流时引起的触头烧蚀，因而电子开关的维护工作量很少。
(3) 电子断路器因无机械操纵机构，所以不存在机械开关机构频繁动作易疲劳、长期不动易卡涩等缺点，不存在机构调校过程，也没有动作的分散性问题，由于机构原因“拒动”或“误动（偷跳）”的可能性大大降低，“机械寿命”和“电寿命”也大大延长。
自动复位型SFDL-Z双向平衡拉绳开关
自动复位型SFDL-Z双向平衡拉绳开关工作电压：0-380VACSFDLZ/拉绳开关2、触点数量：一开一闭可根据需要增加二开二闭容量：AC 380V/5A 3、复位方式：手动复位4、动作力：10Kg 重量：2.8Kg 5、极限角度：15°可靠性：>106次SFDLZ/拉绳开关的详细介绍SFDLZ/拉绳开关JDKLT2/拉绳开关/JDKLT-2主要特点：双向拉绳开关是一种开关型传感器（即无触点行程开关）它即有行程开关、微动开关的特性，同时又具有传感性能，并且动作可靠、性能稳定、频率响应快、使用寿命长、抗干忧能力强、防水、防震、耐腐蚀等特点。
广泛应用于机械、矿山、纺织、印刷、化工、冶金、轻工、阀门、电力、保安、铁路、航天等各个行业。
并具有常规的产品现货二．技术指标：型号SFDL—Z SFDL—S触点数量常开1个常闭1个常开2个常闭2个触点容量~380V 电流3A ~380V 电流3A 动作行程20±2mm 20±2mm极限行程70±2mm 70±2mm动作力8－12±2Kg 8－12±2Kg复位方式自动复位手动复位使用寿命10万次 10万次绝缘电压AC2500V 试验1分钟AC2500V 试验1分钟三、技术参数：1、环境温度：-30℃~ 60℃湿度：不大于85%2、触点数量：一开一闭可根据客户需要增加二开二闭容量：AC 380V/5A3、复位方式：手动复位4、动作力：10Kg 重量：2.8Kg5、极限角度：15°可靠性：>106次四、工作原理：本产品Z、S型采用移动凸轮结构，当拉动任意一侧拉绳时，便驱动凸轮，使开关动作转换发出停机信号，I型采用自动复位，II型采用手动复位。
本产品采用金属加工外壳，防护等级高，使用寿命长，安装方便。
五、安装及接线1、安装：根据简图，自制一安装板，用M12×30的螺栓将开关固定在安装板上，然后把安装板随同本开关装置固定在胶带机两侧，其位置满足以下要求：（1）一般把开关安装在输送机机架上，使该装置低于胶带水平位置，以操作方便为宜：（2）把拉绳（￠4mm覆塑钢丝绳）分别系在开关转臂拉环孔上，两只开关间隔距离小于40m为宜，两端拉绳要平行于胶带机沿线布置，并在间隔3—4m 左右处安装吊环起支撑作用，以减少其挠度。
无触点开关工作原理
描述什么是无触点开关无触点开关，是一种由微控制器和电力电子器件组成的新型开关器件，依靠改变电路阻抗值，阶跃地改变负荷电流，从而完成电路的通断。
无触点开关的主要特点是没有可运动的触头部件，导通和关断时不出现电弧或火花，动作迅速，寿命长，可靠性高，适合防火、防爆、防潮等特殊环境使用。
无触点开关的优点无触点开关在电磁兼容性、可靠性、安全性等方面的优越性是触点开关无法比拟的。
无触点开关是用可控硅来控制的，因此它是在PN结内部完成导通和截流的，不会有火花，弥补了触点开关复合时有火花的不足，避免因电流过大出现火花或在高电压电路中击穿空气，造成误动作。
无触点开关的耐高压性也很好，如一些大型电机在起动时，由于转子由静止变为转动的惯性非常大，造成起动电流超大（基本相当短路电流），停机时由于惯性继续运转，会造成非常高的电压，无触点开关便可应用于此。
无触点开关常见类型1.以三端稳压器实现的无触点开关三端稳压器是设计者十分熟悉的常用廉价器件之一，图1是利用三端稳压器设计的开关电路。
从控制端加入的信号决定是否将三端稳压器与地导通，若导通则输出端上电，否则输出端相当于断开。
此电路十分简单，也容易调试，且有多种电压的稳压器供选用，适用于直流负载的控制。
缺点是稳压器的管压降使输出电压有所降低，不适合电池供电的设备。
选用低压差三端稳压器可有所改善。
2.基于可控硅器件的无触点开关目前有很多这类的器件供选择，如意法半导体公司（ST）的ACS 系列产品。
该产品可以直接用来控制风扇、洗衣机、电机泵等设备，隔离电压可达到500V-1000V以上。
图2是其典型应用电路。
此类器件价格低廉，但只能用于交流负载的开关控制。
3.基于光耦三极管和达林顿管的无触点开关基于光电三极管的无触点开关被称为光电耦合器（photocoupler），其工作原理如图3所示。
当输入端加正向电压时发光二极管（LED）点亮，光敏三极管会产生光电流从集电极供给负载；当输入端加反向电压时，LED不发光，使光敏三极管处于截止状态，相当于负载开路。