动词ing和过去分词
05 不定式过去分词动词ing形式之功能比较 思维导图(改进版)
过去分词
作时间状语[The table set], they began to have their meal.桌子摆好以后，他们就开始吃饭。
作原因状语[Her heart broken], she locked herself in the room.她非常伤心，把自己锁在房间里。
过去分词表示条件，不可代之以现在分词一般被动式
Certain poisons, used as medicines in small quantities, prove not only innocuous(无毒), but beneficial（有益）
动词ing形式
这里强调原因，故应用现在分词一般被动式
ing形式作定语有说明被修饰词的性质
a (speaking) bird会说话的鸟(freezing) wind刺骨寒风(running) water自来水(sleeping) bag睡袋
作表语
不定式
通常是说明主语的内容，这时主语通常是表示目的愿望一类的名词
Our plan isto finish the work in two weeks.To see is to believe.
begin, start等动词之后，接ing形式表示有意的动作，接不定式表示无意的动作。
After lunch it began to rain.午饭后就开始下雨。（无意识的）Philip began to cry.菲利普开始哭了起来。So I at once began making preparation for a trip home.因此我立刻着手回家旅途的准备。（有意识的）She started laughing.她笑了起来。
动词ing的变化规则
动词i n g的变化规则文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-动词的第三人称单数的变化规则1、一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s.work-worksget-getssay-saysread-reads2、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-es.例如：study-studiestry-triescarry-carriesfly-fliescry-cries3、以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的动词,在后面加-es。
go-goesteach-teacheswash-washesbrush-brushescatch-catchesdo-doesfix-fixes动词ing的变化规则1.一般动词直接加–inggo---goingwork---workinglook---looking2.以-y结尾的动词，直接加-ingsay---sayingenjoy---enjoyingcry---cryingcarry---carryingstudy---studying3.以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加–ingdie---dying,lie---lying,tie---tying4.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e加–ingmake-makingwrite-writinglove-writinghate-hatinghope-hopingtake-takingsave-savingbreathe-breathingproduce-producing注意：be-beingsee-seeingagree-agreeing5.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这一辅音字母，再加-ing。
begin-beginningadmit-admittingsit-sittingfit-fittinghit-hittingprefer-preferringswim-swimmingshop-shoppingcut-cuttingget-gettingforget-forgettingspit-spittingshut-shuttingstop-stoppingplan-planningdig-diggingdrop-droppingstep-stepping注意：blow-blowinggrow-growingdraw-drawingbow-bowingshow-showingknow-knowing动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。
非谓语动词(动词ing形式和动词ed形式)课件
03
Hale Waihona Puke 动词ed形式可以作为状 语，表示动作发生的时 间、原因、条件等。
04
例如：He was born in 1990.（他出生于1990 年。）
动词ed形式与分词的区别
动词ed形式与分词在语法功能和用法 上存在显著差异。
例如：I have seen the movie.（我 已经看过这部电影了。）（动词ed形 式）
动词ing形式表示正在进行的动作或行为，而动名词表示已经完成或结果的状态。
动词ing形式在句子中做主语或表语时，表示一个动作或行为，而动名词则表示一个 名词概念。
03 动词ed形式
动词ed形式的构成
动词ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，规则动词的-ed形式一般直接在词尾加-ed。 例如：work -> worked，play -> played。
表示被动关系
如"The book was written by him."。
表示习惯或经常性的行为
如"He likes reading books."。
表示时间或条件状语
如"If you study hard, you will succeed."。
动词ing形式与动名词的区别
动词ing形式既可以作为谓语的一部分，也可以作为独立成分，而动名词只能作为谓 语的宾语或表语。
非谓语动词的语态
主动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作是 由句子主语发出来的。
被动语态
表示非谓语动词所表示的动作不 是由句子主语发出来的，而是被 其他人或物完成的。
非谓语动词时态和语态的用法
过去分词可以用于描述已经完成 的动作或存在的状态，常与时间 状语连用，如“已经”、“已经 完成”、“已经达到”等。
现在分词和过去分词的区别
过去分词作表语
描述主语的状态或信仰，如 "I am convinced."
现在分词作状语
时间
Using Facebook every morning is his habit.
原因
Feeling bored, she passed the time by making pizza.
方式
The cowboy crossed the plain riding his horse.
过去分词作定语
被动语态
The lost ball was found behind the couch.
描述状态
The broken pencil cannot be used.
描述感受
The frightened deer ran away immediately.
过去分词作表语
1 描述状态
2 描述感受
3 描述事件结果
The flowers are wilted.
I was thrilled with the gift.
The job was done.
构成方式
1
现在分词
大多数动词加 -ing，但有一些变化，如双写结尾的词，或结尾为 -ie 的动词变为 -ying。
2
过去分词
大多数动词加 -ed 结尾，但是一些动词有它们自己的形式。也有其他表示过去的 形式，如- d 或 -t。
3
不规则动词
有些动词的现在分词和过去分词是相同的形式，如 cut 和 put。
用法区别
现在分词作定语
描述正在发生的动作，如 “the running man”。
现在分词作状语
描述一个动作发生的时间、原因、方式等， 如 "Walking slowly, he enjoyed the breeze."
现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别现在分词（动词-ing形式）和过去分词的主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”（不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成）。
一、现在分词和过去分词作定语的用法单个的分词放在所修饰的名词前（少数动词除外），分词短语放在所修饰的名词后。
作定语的现在分词和过去分词的区别在于：现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系，现在分词表示动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生；过去分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是被动关系，过去分词的动作发生在谓语之前或没有时间性。
有一点要指出的是：现在分词的被动式既表进行，又表被动。
1. 前置定语（1）现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。
二者都表主动。
the rising sun正在升起的太阳the risen sun已经升起的太阳developing countries发展中国家developed countries发达国家the boiling water正在沸腾的水the boiled water已经烧开的水（2）现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动。
remaining money 剩下的钱working people劳动人民____________a sleeping child一个睡着的孩子written English书面英语a man-made satellite人造卫星a newly-built school新修的学校the exciting news令人激动的消息the excited people感到激动的人们a puzzling problem令人迷惑的问题a puzzled look感到迷惑的表情2.后置定语（1）现在分词的主动式表主动或进行；过去分词在语态上表被动，在时间上或表过去发生，或表没有时间性。
There are 20 people working for the project. 有20人参与这个项目。
动词-ing形式用法归纳
高三复习学案学习目标：1. 复习并掌握动词ing形式的构成以及ing形式的用法;2. 能基本弄清Ing形式和过去分词以及不定式的用法。
一：动词ing形式的构成规律有哪些?各举一个例子说明.例如：1. 在动词后直接加ing , walk→walking二.动词－ing形式用法归纳1. 动词ing形式的构成，填下面的表格分词的否定形式：三．Ing形式用法探究探究1：Ing形式的句法功能动词的-ing形式，可以在句子中作主语﹑宾语和表语﹑定语和补足语；动词ing形式还可以在句子中做状语：1) 时间状语2). 结果状语3). 伴随状语，方式状语或补充说明4). 原因状语5）作让步状语6) 作条件状语说出下列句子中ing形式在句中做什么成分1.Being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin .2.Being more careful, you can make fewer mistakes .3. Knowing all this , they made me pay for the damage .4. I heard someone knocking at the door.5. While walking slowly on the street, Tom met one of his old friends.6. Her husband died ten years ago, leaving her with three children to look after.7. I stood by the door ,not daring to say a word .8. The bridge being built is designed by his uncle .9. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her.注意：分词与主句主语是主谓关系；否定副词放在分词之前探究2 ing形式用在with 复合结构和独立主格结构中1．with 的复合结构The policemen made their way into the forest with a hunter leading the way.知识拓展：with复合结构与其他非谓语动词形式的运用With his eyes fixed on the wall, Tom lay on the floor.With a lot of work to deal with , Jim can’t go out with his friends.2. 独立主格结构If weather permits, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow.=Weather permitting, we will go out for a picnic tomorrow.There is nobody in the room. Come in and have a chat.=There being nobody in the room, come in…知识拓展1.在动词ing形式前可加连词为了强调与谓语动词同时发生，在动词的-ing 之前可用when或while；为强调在谓语动词之前或之后发生，在动词的-ing 之前可用before或after.E.g. Don’t laugh, while eating.Before going abroad, he studied in Peking University.After watching TV, he went to bed.2 在动词的-ing 之前可用on或upon, 表示”一….就…”.E.g. On/Upon arriving in Bejing, he went to see his uncle.3.为了强调结果, 可在动词的-ing 之前用thus.E.g. My friend Lucy works hard, thus getting praised by her boss.4. 在动词的-ing 之前可用though或although,E.g. Though working hard, he couldn’t make enough money to pay off his debts. 探究3 动词ing的一般式与完成式，主动与被动形式在句中的运用1) 动词－ing形式的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生﹑几乎同时发生或在谓语动词前发生。
动词ing和过去分词
动词ing和过去分词英语语法●动词ing和过去分词V-ing 和p.p.是一种非谓语动词◆动词ing由动词原形加ing构成，在句子中起名词、形容词、副词作用，在句中除了担当谓语外的任何成分，如主语、表语、宾语（介词宾语和动词宾语）定语、状语、宾补。
V+ing作主语A.基本用法：通常表示事物化，抽象化概念，而且谓语动词一律用单数。
Talking mends no holes.空谈无济于事。
B.It 作形式主语。
句型：it is no use +VingIt is no good +Ving “……是没用的”It is of no useIt is useless.It ‘s no use crying over the spilt milk.哭无济于事。
动词Ving 作表语。
A.基本用法：表示抽象的习惯性动作。
He is hobby is painting.One of the good exercises is swimming.起形容词作用的动词ing 作表语时，一般表示主动或主语的性质和特征，含有“令人…..”的意思。
主语多数是物，而动词ing是由能够表示人们的某种感情和情绪的动词变化而来。
如：Amusing astonishing boring encouraging Exciting inspiring interesting missingMoving promising puzzling surprisingThe news sounds encouraging.作表语时动词ing 和进行时现在分词的区别：动词ing表示主语的特征和性质现在分词：表示主语正在进行的动作。
动词的ing 作宾语Deny enjoy escape excuseForbid forgive give up imagineMind keep keep on permitPractise prevent put off resistRisk suggest understand句型：advise doing sth.建议做某事Advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事Mind doing sth.介意做某事I can’t imaging doing that with them.She denied making a mistake.动词+ing 作介词宾语，常用的词组：Insist on be sick of （对…感到恶心）excuse for （为…而原谅）Hear of 听说think of 想到be ashamed of (为。
动词ing被动与过去分词区别
动词-ing形式的被动式和过去分词的区别一、现在分词现在分词由动词加ing构成。
非谓语动词中的现在分词主要起形容词和副词的作用，在句中作定语、表语、补语或状语。
一、现在分词的两个基本特点。
1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行。
例如：a developing country. 一个发展中的国家，boiling water 沸水，rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳。
（试比较： a developed country 一个发达国家，boiled water 白开水，risen sun 升起的太阳）2. 在语态上表示主动。
例如：the ruling class 统治阶级，the exploiting class 剥削阶级。
（试比较：the ruled class 被统治阶级，the exploited class 被剥削阶级）二、掌握现在分词的基本功能。
1. 现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。
也可以说明被修饰词的性质和特征，此时可换成相应的定语从句。
例如：①There was a terrible noise following the sudden burst of light.②He saw a flying bird and raised his bow.③I was satisfied with the exciting speech.2. 现在分词作状语时，可作时间、条件、结果、原因和伴随状语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。
此时分词的逻辑主语就是主句的主语，因此要注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。
例如：①The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.②European football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world.③Seeing from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.3. 现在分词作补足语，表示正在进行的或主动的动作。
动词ing与过去分词
Edison wasor family in 1847. He
received little school eduction, mainly taught (teach) by his mother. In his early years, Edison had great difficulty supporting (support) himself. However, later on, he became a scientist. He was especially famous for inventing (invent) telephone and electric light. Although praised (praise) by people all over the world, Edison was not satisfied (satisfy) with his achievements and little cared about spending (spend) the money on himself. He died in 1931. Hundreds of people went to his funeral, mourning (mourn) him in the rain.
I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head． 当现在分词的主语为句子主语时，现在分词的主 语应省略。当现在分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语 不一致时，要在现在分词之前说明其主语。
现在分词的完成时
1. the homework , I went home . A. Finish B. Finishing C. Having finished
现在分词的否定形式
初中英语现在进行时、过去时、过去分词归纳
现在分词由动词原形在词尾加ing构成，其变化规则如下：1、一般情况下直接加ingbook--booking think--thinking sleep--sleeping heat--heatingtalk--talking sell--selling see--seeing （看见，由于）fly--flying say--saying buy--buying carry--carryingtry--trying study--studyingI remember seeing him once. 我记得见过他一次。
I did not like seeing that. 我一点也不喜欢见到这样。
Seeing that it is 10 o'clock, we will wait no longer. 由于时间已到十点，我们不再等了。
2、以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ingcome--coming drive--driving have--having make--makingleave--leaving lose--losing shake--shaking wake--wakingtake--taking use--using3、以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ingstop--stopping shop--shopping drop--dropping nod--noddingrun--running cut--cutting chat--chattingget--getting set--setting beg--begging let--letting step--stepping begin--beginning swim--swimming sit--sitting fit--fitting（适合的）常见的这类词还有：forget，regret，dig(挖) 等。
Grammar 过去分词作状语与动词—ing形式作状语的区别
B.流连忘返
Let’s go on to study the past participle used as the adverbial.
1. 过去分词作状语表示被动或完成，但 有些过去分词(短语) 因来源于系表结构， 作状语时不表动作而表状态。这样的过 去分词(短语) 常见的有: lost (迷路); seated (坐); absorbed in (全神贯注于); dressed in (穿着); tired of (厌烦)等。如：
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定。 Though beaten by the opposite team, the players didn’t lose heart. 尽管这些球员被对方球队打败了，但 他们并没有灰心。
2. _____ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. （陕西2008） A. Having shown C. Having been shown B. To be shown D. To show
人教课标 高二 选修 8 Unit 4
Look at the sentence below and you may find the past participle is used as the adverbial.
动词的ing形式和过去分词
龙文教育------您值得信赖的中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家
Look at , listen to , see, watch, hear, find，get, notice，keep，have，set He found the city greatly changed. (4)过去分词短语常用做状语，修饰谓语，说明动作发生的背景或情况。 过去分词谓语句首多做原因、时间、条件、或让步状语，它与句子的主语在逻辑上 含有动宾关系。 Finished the homework, she returned home.(表时间) Seriously hurt， he can’t go to school. （表原因） Given more time，I can make a better cake.(表条件) Mr. smith entered the classroom, followed by two of his students.(表伴随) My glass fell to the floor，broken.（表结果)
动词 ing 形式的被动语态 一般式：being + 过去分词表示动词 ing 形式表示的被动正在进行或与谓语动词动
1
龙文教育------您值得信赖的中小学 1 对 1 课外辅导专家
作同时发生。 完成式 Having + been+过去分词 表示动词 ing 形式所表示的被动动作在谓语动词之前发 生。 She doesn’t remember having ever been given a chance to go abroad. 在 want、require、need 等动词后，常用动词的-ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义， 相当于 to be 加过去分词。 The room needs cleaning(to be cleaned).
语法复习――非谓语动词(一)动词-ing的用法讲解
语法复习——非谓语动词（一）动词-ing的用法非谓语动词主要包括动词-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中所作的成分以及一些特殊句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。
本讲主要阐述动词-ing形式的用法。
动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语和表语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独构成谓语。
“动词原形＋ing”构成动词-ing形式可分为动名词和现在分词。
一、动名词动名词是v.–ing形式的一种，它具有名词特征，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语。
1．动名词作主语的几种句型动名词直接置于句首作主语，动名词作主语可以是主动形式，也可以是被动形式。
例如： Swimming in winter is healthy. 冬泳是有益健康的运动。
Picking apples is much better than having classes. 摘苹果比上课好多了。
Being elected chairman is a great honor to him. 被选为主席对他是一个很大的荣誉。
有时主语太长，可用it作形式主语，将真正主语即动名词放在后面。
不是所有的动名词作主语都可用it作形式主语，常见的有： It is ＋ no use＋动名词做……没有用处 It is ＋ no good ＋动名词做……没有好处 It is ＋nice＋动名词做……很好/很不错 It is ＋useless ＋动名词做……没有用 It is ＋interesting＋动名词做……很有趣 It is ＋dangerous＋动名词做……很危险 It is＋a waste of＋动名词做……是浪费…… 例如：It is no use waiting here. Let’s walk home. 在这儿等着没有用，我们走回家吧。
It’s interesting watching the children play. 看着这些孩子们玩耍很有趣。
小学英语动名词相第三人称单数动词ing等变化总结
小学英语动名词相第三人称单数动词ing等变化总结小学英语动名词相第三人称单数动词ing等变化总结一、名词复数的变化规律1、规则变化1) 一般情况直接在词尾加-s . 如：chair—chairs；apple—apples；grape—grapes；desk—desks等。
2）以s、sh、ch、x等结尾的词加–es .如：bus—buses；watch—watches；box—boxes；brush—brushes等。
3）以辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y 为i 再加es，baby—babies；city—cities；family—families等。
4）以f或fe结尾的将f或fe直接换成ves. 如：knife—knives；thief—thieves；shelf—shelves等。
2、不规则变化1）没有规律的变化。
如：child—children；foot—feet；tooth—teeth；mouse—mice；woman—women等。
2）单复同形。
如：deer—deer；sheep—sheep；fish—fish；yuan—yuan；tofu—tofu；pork—pork等。
3）以o结尾的名词有的加es有的加s. 如：potato—potatoes；tomato—tomatoes；Hero—heroes等。
二、动词第三人称单数的变化规则1）直接在动词后+s. 如：like—likes；play—plays；read—reads；get—gets；help—helps；ski—skis等。
2）以s, x, sh, ch, 接尾的动词：+es. 如：wash—washes；wacth—watches；teach—teaches；brush—brushes等。
3）以辅音+o接尾的动词：+es. 如：go—goes；do—does等。
4）以辅音+y接尾的动词：变y为i+es. 如：fly—flies；study —studies；carry—carries；sky—skies等。
动词三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词变化规律
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音：1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如：asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如：enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如：wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。
大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法：1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。
如：put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat，cost—cost，hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。
3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。
如：mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。
如：blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew，throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。
如：keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt，sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e：feed—fed，meet—met7. 闭音节词，改i为a。
如：sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank，sing—sang，begin—began，8. 开音节词，改i为o。
如：drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后，“说”，“付钱”11.is/am—was, are—were, have/has—had, do—did, go—went, run—ran, see—saw, fly—flew, get—got, win—won, eat—ate, come—came, make—made, tell—told, take—took, fall—fell, speak—spoke, wear—wore, stand—stood, become—became, forget—forgot, hear—heard,can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found不规则动词的过去分词变化形式1、AAA动词原形，过去式，过去分词相同cost ---cost ---- cost cut ---cut---cut hit ---hit---hit hurt ---hurt ---hurt let ---let ---let put ---put ---put read ---read ---read set ---set ---set shut ---shut ---shut spread--- spread--- spread2、ABA动词原形与过去分词相同become -----became ----- become come----came ----- come run---ran---run3、动词过去分词有两个burn ---burned/burnt---burned/burnt dream---dreamed/dreamt ---dreamed/dreamt learn ---learned/learnt ---learned/learnt smell ---smelled/smelt ---smelled/smeltspell ---spelled/spelt ---spelled/spelt4、在动词原形后加---en/n构成过去分词be---was/were—been beat-----beat----beaten drive ---drove----drivenride ---rode----ridden rise ---rose----risen eat----ate-----eatenfall---fell---fallen give----gave ----given shake ----shook---shakensee----saw---seen take---took---taken blow---blew---blowndraw---drew---drawn grow---grew---grown know---knew---knownshow---showed---shown throw---threw---thrown write—wrote---written5、动词原形i过去式a 过去分词ubegin ---began----begun sing ---sang ----sung ring ---rang---rungswim ---swam ----swum drink ---drank----drunk6、在过去式后加n构成过去分词break---broke ---broken forget ---forgot---forgotten choose---chose---chosen freeze---froze----frozen hide---hid---hidden speak---spoke---spoken steal---stole---stolen wake---woke---woken wear---wore---worn7、动词过去式与过去分词相同bring ---brought ---brought buy ---bought --bought fight ---fought ---fought think ---thought---thought catch ---caught ---caught teach ---taught ---taught dig---dug---dug feed---fed----fed find---found---foundget----got---got hang----hung----hung hear—heard---heardhold----held----held keep---kept----kept lay---laid---laidlead---led---led leave---left----left lend---lent---lentlose---lost---lost make----made---made mean---meant—meant meet---met---met pay---paid---paid say---said---saidsell---sold---sold send----sent---sent shine----shone----shonesit----sat----sat sleep----slept----slept spend---spent---spent stand----stood---stood stick----stuck----stuck sweep---swept---swept tell---told----told understand----understood---understoodwin---won---won feel---felt---felt have----had---had8、特殊记忆do---did---done go---went---gone动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化AB型can—could shall —should will—would may—mightAAA型cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let must—must—must put—put—put set—set—set shut—shut—shut read—read—readAAB型beat—beat beatenABA型become became becomecome came comerun ran runABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtthink thought thoughtcatch caught caughtteach taught taughtbuild built builtlend lent lentsend sent sentspend spent spentdig dug dughang hung hungfeel felt feltkeep kept keptsleep slept sleptsweep swept sweptleave left leftsmell smelt smeltspill spilt spiltlay laid laidpay paid paidsay said saidsell sold soldsit sat satspit spat spatstand stood stoodunderstand understood understood learn learnt learntmean meant meantspoil spoilt spoiltshine shone shonewin won wonhave had hadmake made madehear heard heardfind found foundhold held heldABC型begin began begundrink drank drunkring rang rungsing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumblow blew blownfly flew flowngrow grew grownknow knew knownthrow threw throwndraw drew drawnshow showed shownbreak broke brokenchoose chose chosenforget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozenspeak spoke spokenwake woke wokendrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallengive gave givenhide hid hiddenride rode riddenrise rose risentake took takenmistake mistook mistakenwrite wrote writtenam,is was beendo did donego went gonelie lay lainsee saw seenwear wore worn易错型show showed shown draw drew drawnfall fell fallenfeel felt felthold held heldhelp helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took takentalk talked talkedget got gotforget forgot forgotten meet met metmean meant meanthit hit hithide hid hiddenring rang rungbring brought brought eat ate eatenbeat beat beatenlie lay lainlay laid laidfind found found found founded founded buy bought bought bring brought brought learn learnt learnt hear heard heard。
词缀ed和ing的意思
词缀ed和ing的意思全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：词缀是构成词语的重要组成部分，它可以改变词的词性或词义，使得词语的意思更加丰富和具体。
在英语中，词缀ed和ing是两个常见的词缀，它们通常用来表示动词的不同时态或形式。
下面我们来详细了解一下这两个词缀的意思及用法。
一、ed的意思及用法1. 过去分词形式：ed是一个常见的英语动词过去分词形式的词缀，通常表示过去的动作或状态。
例如：- played（玩了）- walked（走了）- talked（说了）这些词语都是动词play、walk、talk加上ed后构成的过去分词形式，表示这些动作或状态发生在过去。
通常，过去分词形式在句子中用来形成完成时态或被动语态。
比如：- I have played soccer.（我踢过足球。
）- The book was written by the famous author.（这本书是由著名作家写的。
）2. 形容词后缀：在一些情况下，ed可以用来构成形容词，表示某种特定的状态或特征。
例如：- excited（兴奋的）- bored（无聊的）- interested（感兴趣的）- She was excited to hear the good news.（她听到好消息很兴奋。
）- He seemed bored during the meeting.（他在会议中看起来很无聊。
）- decorate（装饰）-> decorated（装饰好的）- improve（改进）-> improved（改进过的）- reduce（减少）-> reduced（减少了的）这些动词在加上ed后，表示动作已经完成或产生了某种结果。
在句子中常用来描述物品或状态的变化。
比如：- exciting（令人兴奋的）- confusing（令人困惑的）- encouraging（令人鼓舞的）3. 动名词形式：在一些情况下，ing可以形成动名词，表示某个动作或状态。
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英语语法●动词ing和过去分词V-ing 和p.p.是一种非谓语动词◆动词ing由动词原形加ing构成，在句子中起名词、形容词、副词作用，在句中除了担当谓语外的任何成分，如主语、表语、宾语（介词宾语和动词宾语）定语、状语、宾补。
V+ing作主语A.基本用法：通常表示事物化，抽象化概念，而且谓语动词一律用单数。
Talking mends no holes.空谈无济于事。
B.It 作形式主语。
句型：it is no use +VingIt is no good +Ving “……是没用的”It is of no useIt is useless.It ‘s no use crying over the spilt milk.哭无济于事。
动词Ving 作表语。
A.基本用法：表示抽象的习惯性动作。
He is hobby is painting.One of the good exercises is swimming.起形容词作用的动词ing 作表语时，一般表示主动或主语的性质和特征，含有“令人…..”的意思。
主语多数是物，而动词ing是由能够表示人们的某种感情和情绪的动词变化而来。
如：Amusing astonishing boring encouraging Exciting inspiring interesting missingMoving promising puzzling surprisingThe news sounds encouraging.作表语时动词ing 和进行时现在分词的区别：动词ing表示主语的特征和性质现在分词：表示主语正在进行的动作。
动词的ing 作宾语Deny enjoy escape excuseForbid forgive give up imagineMind keep keep on permitPractise prevent put off resistRisk suggest understand句型：advise doing sth.建议做某事Advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事Mind doing sth.介意做某事I can’t imaging doing that with them.She denied making a mistake.动词+ing 作介词宾语，常用的词组：Insist on be sick of （对…感到恶心）excuse for （为…而原谅）Hear of 听说think of 想到be ashamed of (为。
感到羞耻) Devote to 把…贡献给prevent from 避免look forward to 盼望Add to 加上know of 对…了解keep from避免Be/get used to 习惯lead to 导致set about 动手去做Get to 开始be proud of 为…自豪spend ….in doing sth.Depend on be fond of 喜欢stick to 坚持Be busy in doing sth.忙于做某事thank ….for 为…而感谢be good atBe sentenced to 被宣判be afraid of 为…而海马feel likeBe interested in 对…而感兴趣。
Carry on 继续，不断be tired of 厌烦Contribute to 贡献dream of 梦想save ….from防止，避免I ‘m proud of being a Chinese.Keep doing sth.一直，连续不断做某事Keep on doing sth.不断，重复做某事（有时动作之间有间隔）They kept discussing the plan for nearly three hours动词ing 作定语起名词作用的动词ing 作定语时，表示所修饰的用途，它的位置一般是放在它所修饰的词后面。
A sleeping car 卧车dancing teacher舞蹈老师drinking water 饮用水Exciting news reading room smoking roomWalking stick 手杖writing desk写字台起形容词作用的动词ing 作定语时，还含有进行和主动的意思。
动词ing 作定语表示正在发生的动作,The man running over there is our chairman.=the man who is running over there is our chairman.The road joining the two villages is very wide.=the road that joins the two villages is very wide.动词ing 作定语时，一般不表示谓语动词所表示的动作之前或之后发生的动作。
The man who came yesterday comes again.(定语从句)错误句型：the man coming yesterday comes again.动词ing 作定语时是单个词，往往放在它所修饰的词前面，但如果动词ing短语作定语时，则放在所修饰的词后面。
The swimming boy is my younger brother.This is the path leading to the school.动词ing 作宾语补足语动词ing 经常用在动词feel ,hear, leave, keep, listen, listen to , look at , notice, see, watch, 等后面做宾补，其中宾语与宾语补足语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，且表示动作正在进行，状态正在持续。
The parents can hear their daughter playing the piano.He kept me waiting for almost an hour.动词ing 作状语A.相当于一个时间状语从句，几乎每个动词ing 作时间状语时，都可以转换为一个时间状语从句，要特别注意动词ing和谓语动词所表示的动作的时间关系。
Arrive close cook hear leaveOpen return seeHearing the bad news, they could’n help crying.=when they heard the bad news, they could’t help crying.Be careful when crossing the street.=be careful when you are crossing the street.While playing the piano ,she got very excited.=while she was playing the piano ,she got very excited.动词ing having turned off the radio ,he began to go over his lessons.时间状语从句：after he had turned off the radio ,he began to go over his lessons.sAfter +动词ing after turning off the radio ,he began to go over his lessons.B.动词ing作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，同时也可以转变为一个原因状语从句，动词ing的完成时经常用来表示原因状语，和作时间状语一样，也要注意动词ing所表示的动作及谓语动词所表示的动作的时间关系动词ing所表示的动作和谓语动词同时发生或几乎同时发生，用动词ing的一般形式。
Being so angry ,he could’t go to asleep.= because he was so angry ,he could’t go to asleep.动词ing所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，动词ing的完成形式。
Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go there last week.=because he had been to the Great Wall many times ,he did n’t go last week.动词ing作让步状语相当于一个让步状语从句。
有时，动词的ing可带连词although,wheter, even if ,even though.Although working from morning till night his father didn’t get enough.Although his father worked from morning till night he didn’t get enough food.动词ing作方式或伴随状语。
它用来说明动作发生的背景或情况，此时动词ing所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作要同时发生，它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句来转换。
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing .They sang and laughed ; they came into the classroom.动词ing作结果状语，不经常使用，放在句末，中间有逗号，有时为了突出分词前带有thus ,它可以转换为结果状语从句The bus was held up by the snowstorm , thus causing the delay.The bus was held up by the snowstorm, so it caused the delay.动词ing短语物主代词，名词所有格此时物主代词和名词所有格式动词ing的逻辑主语，动词ing可以做主语、表语、和宾语Li ming’s being late made his teacher very angry.s如果动词ing不做主语，它的逻辑主语可以是代词的宾格或名词的普通格,但如果动词ing短语作主语，只能是物主代词或所有格。
He will be surprised at my/me calling.动词ing的形式的时态和语态动词ing的时态A.一般式，动词ing的一般式泛指一般性动作，即动作发生的时间并不明确，或者动名词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或者在它之后。