whether,if及疑问词引导的宾语从句

whether/ if及疑问词引导的宾语从句上一个模块中我们学习了that引导的宾语从句，本模块我们学习whether / if 引导的宾语从句和疑问词引导的宾语从句。

一、whether / if引导的宾语从句

当一般疑问句充当句中的宾语时，用连词whether或if引导，连词在从句中不充当任何句子成分，意为“是否”，不可省略。当宾语从句中没有or not时，whether和if都能用；但当宾语从句中有or not时，只能用whether。另外，充当宾语从句的一般疑问句要变为陈述句语序。如：

Will s he go to Beijing tomorrow? I don’t know.

→I don’t know if / whether she will go to Beijing tomorrow.

Will David move to our city or not? She asked.

→She asked whether David will move to our city or not.

二、疑问词引导的宾语从句

当特殊疑问句充当句中的宾语时，由原来的疑问代词what, who, which等或疑问副词when, where, how, why等作为连接词，这些词在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分，都有各自的词义，不可省略。另外，充当宾语从句的特殊疑问句要变为陈述句语序。如：

What is his sister going to do? I ask Jack.

→I ask Jack what his sister is going to do.

When did she arrive in Beijing? I want to know.

→I want to know when she arrived in Beijing.

Where did you buy the beautiful scarf? Could you tell me?

→Could you tell me where you bought the beautiful scarf?

三、whether / if及疑问词引导的宾语从句的时态

我们在使用这两类从句的过程中，当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候，宾语从句的谓语动词可根据需要使用适当的时态；当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句的谓语动词常用相应的过去时态；但当宾语从句表述的是客观真理时，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，该从句须用一般现在时。如：

I want to know whether / if your brother went to the zoo yesterday.

Susan asks whether / if she can go to the school a fter eight o’clock. He asked me what I was doing at that time.

The little boy asked whether / if all the planets go around the sun. 【运用】将下列汉语句子翻译成英语。

1. 托尼问我住在哪儿。

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2. 我想知道他明天会去游泳还是不会。

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3. 我想知道他姐姐是不是英语老师。

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答案

【运用】

1. Tony asks where I live.

2. I want to know whether he’ll go swimming tomorrow or not.

3. I want to know if / whether his sister is an English teacher.