许渊冲诗词翻译赏析
许渊冲诗译赏析之《水调歌头.明月几时有》
许渊冲诗译赏析之《水调歌头.明月几时有》作者:王丽娜来源:《湖北函授大学学报》2011年第02期[摘要]三美论(意美、音美和形美)是许渊冲先生提出的诗歌翻译最高境界和标准。
本文旨在以其英译宋词《水调歌头·明月几时有》分析研究其诗歌翻译“美”的具体表现,为翻译实践和诗歌欣赏提供参考和标准。
[关键词]许渊冲;诗译;三美论[中图分类号]G642[文献标识码] A [文章编号]1671-5918(2011)02-0153-02doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-5918.2011.02.074[本刊网址]http://一、许渊冲之“三美论”在中外翻译史上,翻译标准“百花齐放、百家争鸣”,翻译家们根据自己的翻译实践和理论研究提出了各自的翻译标准,归纳起来,这些翻译标准基本从两个方面探讨了原文和译本之间的关系:一方面,译本应该在语言层面上忠实于原文,再现原文的内容和意思;另一方面,译本应该在风格上忠实于原文,再现原文的风格。
然而,由于诗歌独特的美学特征——整齐的形式、规则的韵律、丰富的意境和深刻的内涵,以上提到的“在内容和风格上忠实于原文”的翻译标准却无法涵盖诗歌翻译,尤其不能涵盖承载了中国几千年文化传统的汉语古诗的翻译。
众所周知,英语和汉语是当今世界使用最为广泛的两种语言。
从语言学的角度来说,英语是语音文字,而汉语则是象形文字,它们属于不同的系统;而中西文化之间的差异又巨若鸿沟,其互译是极其困难的;但从世界文化交流的大背景来看,文化的互译有其特殊而有重要的意义。
中国传统诗歌讲究格律,依律行韵,要平仄,求对仗,用典故,语双关,字里行间以含蓄为美,以意境为上,忌直白。
如樊志厚所言:“文学之事,其内足以摅己而外足以感人者,意与境二者而已。
上焉者意与境深,其次或以境胜,或以意胜。
苟缺其一,不足以言文学。
”而现代英语诗歌则以散体行文,自由,无格律,无对仗,无平仄,语言精练,意象明确。
两种语言文化之间的巨大差异,使得汉语格律诗英译尤为困难。
许渊冲的诗歌翻译理论及诗歌翻译批评..
• “等化”:基本上是采用直译的方法,原文为 形象、具体的语言,译文也用相同形象、具体 的语言;原文为抽象、一般性语言的,译文也 保持相同抽象、一般性的语言,包括换词、“反 译”等方法(译文和原文在形式上相反,在内 容上却倒相同),如 • “恨君不似江楼月” (《采桑子》) • 译成“我但愿你能像江上的明月”,把“恨” 说成“愿”,把“不似”说成“像”,译文和 原文在形式上相反,在内容上却倒相同。
再谈优势竞赛论
• 忠实并不等于保留原语表达方式,文学翻译更要保存 原作的艺术魅力。译者要尽可能利用最好的译语表达 方式,以便更好传达原作内容。译者要有敏锐的感觉 才能鉴赏,要有独到的表现力才能创造。独创并不是 生造新词,而是巧妙利用旧词。
• (《中国翻译》2001年第1期)
“美化之艺术 ,创优似竞赛 ”
赠别(杜牧)
• • • • 多情却似总无情, 唯觉尊前笑不成。 蜡烛有心还惜别, 替人垂泪到天明。
蜡烛有心还惜别,替人垂泪到天明。 • • • • • • • • • Even the candle, feeling our sadness, Weeps, so we do, all night long. Tr. Witter Bynner, 1929 The candle has a heart, it pities our separation, For our sake it sheds tears until the sky is light. Tr. Hans Frankel, 1976 The candle grieves to see us part: It melts in tears with burnt-out heart. Tr. X. Y. Z.
• “美化”就是“创优”,“优”有高下之分,所以 创优就是竞赛,看哪种语文更能表达原作的内容。 总起来说,文学译论也可以说是“创优似竞赛”: 优是文学翻译的本体论,创是方法论,似是目的论, 竞赛是认识论,和前面提到的“美化之艺术”加起 来,一共是十个字:美化之艺术,创优似竞赛。
许渊冲经典英译诗词
许渊冲经典英译诗词许渊冲先生,那可是翻译界的一颗璀璨明星啊!他英译的诗词,就像是一扇神奇的窗户,让咱们能透过它看到中华诗词在另一种语言里绽放出的绚烂光彩。
比如说他翻译的李白,“床前明月光,疑是地上霜。
举头望明月,低头思故乡。
” 他翻译成“Before my bed lies a pool of moonlight, I could imagine it's frost on the ground. I look up and see the bright shining moon, bowing my head I am thinking of home.” 这翻译,多妙啊!把那种在寂静夜晚思乡的情感,传递得淋漓尽致。
再看他翻译的,“春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟。
夜来风雨声,花落知多少。
” 变成了“This spring morning in bed I'm lying, not to awake till birds are crying. After one night of wind and showers, how many are the fallen flowers!” 是不是仿佛让你在英语里也能感受到春天的气息和诗人的淡淡忧愁?许渊冲先生的翻译,就像一座桥梁,连接了中国诗词和世界。
他让外国人也能领略到咱们诗词的魅力,这难道不是一件超级了不起的事情吗?他对每一个词,每一个意境的把握,都精准得让人惊叹。
这不就像是一位高明的厨师,能把最普通的食材变成美味佳肴吗?他英译的诗词,是文化的交流,是心灵的对话。
让我们在不同的语言里,感受到了相同的美好和感动。
我觉得许渊冲先生的经典英译诗词,是中华文化走向世界的重要一步,让世界更多地了解了中国的诗词之美,真的太伟大啦!。
许渊冲诗经翻译赏析
许渊冲诗经翻译赏析《诗经》,是中国古代诗歌开端,最早的一部诗歌总集,收集了西周初年至春秋中叶(前11世纪至前6世纪)的诗歌,共311篇,其中6篇为笙诗,即只有标题,没有内容,称为笙诗六篇(《南陔》《白华》《华黍》《由庚》《崇丘》《由仪》),反映了周初至周晚期约五百年间的社会面貌。
以下是小编为大家分享的许渊冲诗经翻译赏析,欢迎借鉴!《诗经》是中国最早的诗集,英译本版本众多,且各具特色。
本文将比较其中影响力较大的理雅各译本和许渊冲译本。
两位译者都是顶尖的翻译大家,但因两位译者所处的时代、背景、身份、经历等都不尽相同,且由于各自不同的翻译目的,两个译本之间存在较大的差异。
理雅各是完整翻译《诗经》的第一人,强调忠实原文,翻译更偏向直译。
其译本通常不仅包括原诗及其翻译,还增加了详尽的解释和评注,因此译本较长。
而许渊冲的译本践行了自己提出的“三美”论(意美、音美、形美)。
许渊冲认为翻译最重要的是要尽可能保持原作的美,为了不损害《诗经》的简洁之美,译文没有过多的注释。
例1、昔我往矣,杨柳依依。
今我来思,雨雪霏霏。
理译:And no one knows our sadness.At first, when we set out,The willows were fresh and green;Now, when we shall be returing,The snow will be falling in clouds.许译:When I left here,Willows shed tear.I come back now,Snow bends the bough.解析:两种译本通过不同的诗歌形式,都保留了原诗的意义。
理雅各的译本提供了大量详细注释和评论,读起来更像散文,具有很高的学术价值。
而许渊冲的译本通过运用韵律,在保留原诗美学的同时,韵脚工整,格律严格。
原诗结构一致,讲究押韵。
理雅各严格遵守原诗的句子结构和顺序,但没有押韵,读起来更像是富有乐感散文。
许渊冲中英文唐诗
许渊冲中英文唐诗许渊冲(815年-871年),字元怀,祖籍河南郡洛阳县(今河南省洛阳市),他是唐代文学史上著名的抒情诗人之一。
他的诗风清新自然,善于描绘山水田园之美,同时也表达了他的爱国情怀和对人生哲理的思考。
他的诗作被誉为唐代诗歌的瑰宝,对后世诗人和文艺作品产生了深远影响。
许渊冲的诗作以抒发个人感情和对自然景物的描绘为主题。
他善于通过细腻的笔触和婉转的词句,表达内心的情感和思考。
其中最为人称道的是他的山水诗,以其独特的意境和艺术表现形式,赢得了广泛的赞誉。
例如他的《晓出净慈寺送林子方》一诗,通过对早晨的景色和人物的描绘,展现了一种宁静、美丽的画面:毕竟西湖六月中,风光不与四时同。
接天莲叶无穷碧,映日荷花别样红。
在他的作品中,我们可以感受到他对大自然的痴迷和对人间之美的赞颂。
他以细致入微的笔触,将景色描绘得清晰可见,引发读者的共鸣和想象。
同时,在他的作品中也能感受到他对人生哲理的思考。
他通过诗词表达了他对时间的感叹和对生命的思索,使读者在欣赏诗歌的美感的同时,也能从中汲取人生的智慧。
例如他的《登飞来峰》一诗,通过对登高游览的经历和对远方的向往,表达了他对人生意义的探求和追求:忽闻岸上踏歌声,桃花潭水深千尺。
不及汪伦送我情,从此魂萦梦不灭。
这首诗歌具有哲理性的抒发,使人联想到许渊冲对人生的热爱和执着,进而引发对人生意义的深思。
许渊冲的诗歌才华不仅在中文领域有所突出,他也以其深厚的英文功底而闻名。
他曾在唐代与英国发生文化交流,将中国古代诗词传入英国,开启了中英文学的对话。
他将自己的创作才华融入英文世界,并以其独特的视角和表达方式,展示了中华文化的独特魅力。
例如他的《春池怀古》一诗,不仅巧妙地运用了英文的韵律和格律,还通过对盛开的花朵和人文古迹的描绘,将中华文化的博大精深展现给了英文读者:The blooming flowers paint the spring scene,Ancient relics whisper history's theme.In this tranquil pond, time takes a leap,Preserving the memories we wish to keep.许渊冲通过将中文诗词翻译成英文的形式,使得中华文化的独特之美能够被更广泛地传播和理解。
许渊冲经典诗句翻译(超级打印版)
关雎Cooing And Wooing关关雎鸠, By riverside are cooing在河之洲. A pair of turtledoves;窈窕淑女, A good young man is wooing君子好逑. A fair maiden he loves.参差荇菜, Water flows left and right左右流之. Of cress long here, short there;窈窕淑女, The youth yearns day and night寤寐求之. For the good maiden fair.求之不得, His yearning grows so strong,寤寐思服. He can not fall asleep,悠哉悠哉,But tosses all night long,辗转反侧. So deep in love, so deep!参差荇菜, Now gather left and right左右采之. Cress long or short and tender!窈窕淑女, O lute, play music bright琴瑟友之 .For the bride sweet and slender! 参差荇菜, Feast friends at left and right左右芼之. On cress cooked till tender!窈窕淑女, O bells and drums, delight钟鼓乐之. The bride so sweet and slender!垓下歌XIANG YU’S LAST SONG项羽XIANGYU力拔山兮气盖世,I could pull mountains down, oh! With main and might时不利兮骓不逝。
But my good fortune wanes, oh! My steed won’t fight.骓不逝兮可奈何!Whether my steed will fight, oh! I do not care. 虞兮虞兮奈若何!What can I do with you, oh! My lady fair!回乡偶书HOME-COMING贺知章He Zhi zhang少小离家老大回,Old, I return to the homeland while young,乡音无改鬓毛衰。
浅析许渊冲译李白诗词中翻译策略的运用
浅析许渊冲译李白诗词中翻译策略的运用李白是中国文学史上一位伟大的诗人,他的诗词深受人们喜爱。
而许渊冲是一位杰出的翻译家,他以其独特的翻译风格和翻译策略为人称道。
在许渊冲的翻译作品中,他运用了多种翻译策略来传达李白诗词的内涵和韵味。
首先,许渊冲注重翻译准确性。
他在翻译李白诗词时,力求准确地表达原文的意思,不随意增删或改动。
他对李白的作品进行深入研究,以确保翻译的准确性。
例如,在翻译《静夜思》时,许渊冲保留了原诗中的“床前明月光”、“疑是地上霜”等原文的表达方式,使译文更加贴合原意。
其次,许渊冲注重翻译的语言美感。
他在翻译中注重音韵、节奏和韵律的保持,使译文具有李白诗词的音乐性和韵律感。
例如,在翻译《将进酒》时,许渊冲运用了平仄押韵的手法,使译文中的韵律与原文相似,同时保留了原诗的豪放和激情。
此外,许渊冲注重翻译的文化转化。
他在翻译李白诗词时,尽可能地将原文中的文化元素转化为目标语言的文化符号,使译文更容易被读者理解和接受。
例如,在翻译《月下独酌》时,许渊冲将原文中的“兄弟”改为“朋友”,将原文中的“长亭”改为“咖啡馆”,使译文更贴近当代读者的生活和文化背景。
最后,许渊冲注重翻译的个人风格。
他在翻译李白诗词时,不拘泥于传统的翻译方式,而是在保留原著精神的基础上,加入自己的思考和感受。
他的译文充满了个人的情感和诗意,使译文具有一种独特的魅力和感染力。
总之,许渊冲在翻译李白诗词时,运用了多种翻译策略,包括准确性、语言美感、文化转化和个人风格等。
这些策略的运用使他的译文更加贴近原著,同时也更符合当代读者的需求。
他的翻译作品不仅传达了李白诗词的韵味和内涵,还展现了他独特的翻译才华和创造力。
从“三美论”探析许渊冲的经典唐诗译作
其次,从形美的角度来看,许渊冲在翻译唐诗时非常注重保留原诗的形式和 结构。例如,在翻译杜甫的《登高》时,他采用了英文中的对仗形式,使得译诗 在视觉上与原诗保持了对等和对称,从而保留了原诗的视觉美感。
最后,从意美的角度来看,许渊冲在翻译唐诗时非常注重保留原诗的意象和 意境。例如,在翻译王之涣的《登鹳雀楼》时,他尽可能地保留了原诗中的意象 和意境,使得译诗能够让读者感受到原诗所传达的情感和意境。
《黄鹤楼》是唐代诗人崔颢的一首佳作,被誉为“唐诗之冠冕”。此诗以登 临黄鹤楼为主线,通过对自然景色的描绘,抒发出诗人对世事沧桑的感慨。
在英译本中,许渊冲将这首诗的“意美”表现得淋漓尽致。他准确传达了原 诗中的每一个意象,如“白云千载空悠悠”、“烟波江上使人愁”等。在译文中, 我们能够看到许渊冲对原诗的深入理解和对英语表达的精细打磨。他用词精准, 使得英译本在传达原诗意蕴的同时,又具有了英语诗歌的韵味。
以《登鹳雀楼》为例:
原诗:“白日依山尽,黄河入海流。欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。”
许渊冲译文:“The sun beyond the mountains glows; The Yellow River seawards flows. You can seldom see so far as a thousand miles; You must climb upstairs higher and higher.”
从“三美论”探析许渊冲的经典唐 诗译作
01 一、音美
03 三、意美
目录
02 二、形美 04 参考内容
许渊冲先生是一位杰出的文学翻译家,他的翻译生涯长达六十余年,为传播 中国传统文化和提高中国文学在世界上的地位做出了巨大的贡献。他的翻译理论 “三美论”主张从音美、形美和意美三个方面尽可能传达原诗的魅力。在本次演 示中,我们将从“三美论”的角度探讨许渊冲的经典唐诗译作。
完整word版许渊冲经典诗句翻译超级打印版word文档良心出品
专业整理分享关雎Cooing And Wooing关关雎鸠, By riverside are cooing在河之洲. A pair of turtledoves;窈窕淑女, A good young man is wooing 君子好逑. A fair maiden he loves.参差荇菜, Water flows left and right左右流之. Of cress long here, short there; 窈窕淑女, The youth yearns day and night 寤寐求之. For the good maiden fair.求之不得, His yearning grows so strong,寤寐思服. He can not fall asleep,悠哉悠哉,But tosses all night long,辗转反侧. So deep in love, so deep!参差荇菜, Now gather left and right左右采之. Cress long or short and tender! 窈窕淑女, O lute, play music bright琴瑟友之.For the bride sweet and slender! 参差荇菜, Feast friends at left and right左右芼之. On cress cooked till tender!窈窕淑女, O bells and drums, delight钟鼓乐之. The bride so sweet and slender!垓下歌XIANG YU'S LAST SONG项羽XIANGYU力拔山兮气盖世,I could pull mountains down, oh! With main and might时不利兮骓不逝。
But my good fortune wanes, oh! My steed won't fight.骓不逝兮可奈何!Whether my steed will fight, oh! I do not格式DOC完美专业整理分享care.虞兮虞兮奈若何!What can I do with you, oh! My lady fair!回乡偶书HOME-COMING贺知章He Zhi zhang少小离家老大回,Old, I return to the homeland while young, 乡音无改鬓毛衰。
声声慢-诗歌翻译
这次第,怎一个愁字了得!
许渊冲译:Oh, what can I do with a grief Beyond belief! 林语堂译:Is this the kind of mood and moment. To be expressed By one word "sad"?
THANKS
下面运用许渊冲所提诗词“ 翻译三美论”对《声声慢》两种英译文进行欣赏.
词牌名《声声慢》 许渊冲译:Slow,slow song 林语堂译:Forlorn
寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚。 许渊冲译:I look for what I miss; I know not what it is. I feel so sad, so dread, So lonely, without cheer. 林语堂译:So dim, so dark, So dense, so dull, So damp, so dank, So dead!
许渊冲译:By cup on cup Of wine so dry Oh, how could I Endure at dusk the drift Of wind so swift?
林语堂译:How can a few cups of thin wine/Bring warmth against .The chilly winds of sunset?
英汉诗歌不同的音韵节奏规律使得翻译中难以实现原文诗歌韵律的复制或再现 , 要使读者实现对音的审美和感悟, 就要求译者把文本转化为读者能理解的方式来 表达。
三美(beautiful in sense , in sound, and in form)---许渊冲
二、形美 英汉互译时一般采取短句对短句, 长句对长句, 问句对问句, 与原词形式上达到相 近的效果 三、意美 意境是诗歌的灵魂, 把握诗歌的意境是翻译的关键所在。而诗歌的意境往往寓于 其音韵节奏和形式之中, 读者对意美的感受往往来自于他对音美和形美的理解。 三美之中, 意美最重要。试想, 如果翻译诗歌连诗歌要表达的意境都没有呈现出来, 要音美和形美还有何意义呢?
许渊冲令人惊艳的诗句赏析
许渊冲令人惊艳的诗句赏析
许渊冲是一位著名的翻译家和学者,他在中英翻译方面有着卓越的成就。
他的一些诗句也非常精妙,给人留下深刻的印象。
以下是对他一些诗句的赏析:
1. “人生若只如初见,何事秋风悲画扇。
”
这句话表达了一种对人生的深深感慨。
如果人们都能像初次见面那样单纯美好,那么就不会有因为时间的流逝而产生的失望和悲伤。
这句话让人深刻地体会到人生的无常和短暂,同时也让人思考如何更好地珍惜和把握人生的每一个瞬间。
2. “曾经沧海难为水,除却巫山不是云。
”
这句话表达了一种对过去的深深怀念。
经历过最美好的事情之后,其他的事物都显得黯然失色。
这句话让人深刻地体会到过去的美好和珍贵,同时也让人更加珍惜现在和未来的每一个时刻。
3. “今朝有酒今朝醉,明日愁来明日愁。
”
这句话表达了一种及时行乐的人生态度。
今天有酒就喝醉,明天的忧愁明天再愁。
这句话让人深刻地体会到人生的短暂和无常,同时也让人更加珍惜每一个现在和未来的时刻。
总之,许渊冲的诗句充满了哲理和智慧,让人深思人生的意义和价值。
通过欣赏他的诗句,我们可以更好地理解他的思想和对人生的态度,同时也能够让我们更加深刻地认识到人生的美好和珍贵。
许渊冲译本的登高赏析
许渊冲译本的登高赏析译文On the Height——Xu Yuanchong(许渊冲)《登高》The wind so swift, the sky so wide, apes wail and cry;Water so clear and beach so white, birds wheel and fly.风急天高猿啸哀,渚清沙白鸟飞回。
The boundless forest sheds its leaves shower by shower;The endless river rolls its waves hour after hour.无边落木萧萧下,不尽长江滚滚来。
A thousand miles from home, I’m grieved at autumn’s plight;Ill now and then for years, alone I’m on this height.万里悲秋常作客,百年多病独登台。
Living in times so hard, at frosted hair I pine;Cast down by poverty, I have to give up wine.艰难苦恨繁霜鬓,潦倒新停浊酒杯。
赏析许渊冲先生的翻译是对“三美”理论的严格实践。
他认为在三美之中,意美最重要,音美次之,形美更次之。
翻译需努力做到三美齐备,若不可得兼,那么无论如何都要尽可能传达原文的意美和音美。
而《登高》译诗正完美传达了原诗的内容、音韵和形式。
原诗首联十四字意象密集,从多种感官出发描绘出六种深秋之景。
为表现出两组意象不同的情感层次,译诗细心选取了带有伤感色彩的词汇“wail”“cry”,以及带有明丽轻盈感的词汇“clear”“white”,分别用来表现上句骚屑峻疾、凛寒悲哀的深秋意绪和下句幽洁明净而略带凄情的清朗意境,格调一疾一徐,显得张弛有致。
翻译颔联的用词则更让人拍手称绝。
许渊冲“三美”论视角下分析中国古诗翻译—以两首《凉州词》为例
许渊冲“三美”论视角下分析中国古诗翻译—以两首《凉州词》为例摘要:许渊冲被誉为“中国诗译英法第一人”提出了诗歌翻译“三美”论,分别是强调译出原诗意境和神韵的“意美”、实现旋律优美悦耳的“音美”和保持形式美感的“形美”。
本文通过分析鉴赏两首同名唐诗《凉州词》,着重以诗歌翻译实践鉴赏来介绍许渊冲老先生的“三美”诗歌翻译理论在中国古典诗词翻译领域的应用。
关键词:三美、诗歌翻译、凉州词、许渊冲一、《凉州词》诗歌背景凉州词又名凉州曲,是盛唐时期流行的一种曲调,很多唐朝诗人都曾为该曲调作词,其中最为出名的是王之涣和王翰的《凉州词》。
凉州位于现在甘肃省武威市,古时是西北地区的首府,作为六朝古都孕育了雍凉文化。
王之涣版《凉州词》和王翰版《凉州词》都以描写边疆戍卫生活为主题,但又各有侧重,王之涣版《凉州词》以波澜壮阔的大漠风光为切入点,情景交融,抒发了戍边士兵凄凉惆怅的思乡之愁。
而王翰版《凉州词》则以荒凉边塞的酣畅盛宴为出发点,豪放旷达,表现边疆士卒守家卫国,视死如归的悲壮情怀。
王之涣版《凉州词》黄河远上白云间,一片孤城万仞山。
羌笛何须怨杨柳,春风不度玉门关。
诗人前两句极写空旷寂寥而又波澜壮阔的西北边塞大漠风光,首句写“黄河之水绵延直上白云间”的远景,次句以“孤城”和“万仞山”强烈的点面视觉对比,既勾勒出巍然屹立的孤城形象,也表现出西北边疆人烟稀少的荒凉大漠特点。
两句描写出祖国山川的雄伟气势和国防重镇的地理形势,突出了戍边士卒的荒凉境遇,为后两句刻画戍守者的心理提供了一个典型环境。
第三句,“羌笛何须怨杨柳”,在大漠中忽然听到用羌笛吹奏的《折杨柳》,勾起了戍边将士的离乡之愁。
尾句以“春风不度玉门关”的豁达豪迈语调感叹悲壮苍凉之情,羌笛无需总是呼唤杨柳,这里本就是春风吹拂不到的地方。
通篇诗调苍凉悲壮,虽写抱怨但却并不消极颓废,表现了盛唐时期人们宽广豁达的胸襟。
王翰版《凉州词》葡萄美酒夜光杯,欲饮琵琶马上催。
醉卧沙场君莫笑,古来征战几人回?诗人前两句用饱蘸激情的笔触和铿锵激越的音调来刻画五光十色、酒香四溢的边塞筵席。
许渊冲翻译作品赏析
许渊冲翻译作品赏析许渊冲翻译提倡“三美”,即画美、音美、形美。
以下是店铺精心准备的许渊冲翻译作品赏析,大家可以参考以下内容哦!1、《垓下歌》XIANG YU‘S LAST SONG项羽 XIANG YU力拔山兮气盖世,时不力兮骓不逝。
骓不逝兮可奈何,虞兮虞兮奈若何!I could pull mountains down, oh! With main and might, But my good fortune wanes, oh! My steed won't fight. Whether my steed will fight, oh! I do not care. What can I do with you, oh! My lady fair!2、秋思AUTUMN THOUGHTS马致远 Ma Zhiyuan枯藤老树昏鸦,Over old trees wreathed with rotten vines fly evening crows;小桥流水人家。
Under a small bridge near a cottage a stream flows;古道西风瘦马,On ancient road in the west wind a lean horse goes.夕阳西下,Westward declines the sun;断肠人在天涯。
Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.3、关雎Cooing And Wooing关关雎鸠,By riverside are cooing在河之洲.A pair of turtledoves;窈窕淑女,A good young man is wooing 君子好逑.A fair maiden he loves.参差荇菜,Water flows left and right左右流之.Of cress long here, short there; 窈窕淑女,The youth yearns day and night 寤寐求之.For the good maiden fair.求之不得,His yearning grows so strong, 寤寐思服.He can not fall asleep,悠哉悠哉,But tosses all night long,辗转反侧.So deep in love, so deep!参差荇菜,Now gather left and right左右采之.Cress long or short and tender! 窈窕淑女,O lute, play music bright琴瑟友之.For the bride sweet and slender!参差荇菜,Feast friends at left and right左右芼之.On cress cooked till tender!窈窕淑女,O bells and drums, delight钟鼓乐之.The bride so sweet and slender!4、静夜思A TRANQUIL NIGHT李白 Li Bai床前明月光,Before my bed a pool of night疑是地上霜。
许渊冲诗词翻译赏析
一
三、 形 式 美
诗 词 的形 式 美 是 指 句 子 对 仗 工 整 .行 数 长 短 整 齐 。许 先 生 的 译 作 里 也 不 乏 有 很 多 表 现 了 诗 句 的对 风急天高猿啸哀. 渚 清 沙 白鸟 飞 回 。 无边 落木 萧 萧下 , 不尽 长 江滚 滚 来。 万 里 悲秋 常作 客 , 百 年 多病 独 登 台 。艰 难 苦 恨 繁 霜 鬓 ,潦倒 新 停 浊 酒杯 。— — 《 登
译 文 的 音律 美 、 形 式 关 笔 者从 这 “ 三美” 角度 选 取 了
一
中 国古 代 诗 词 具 有严 格 的韵 律 和句 数 要 求 . 因 此 除 了 满 足 作 品 的 意 境 美 之 外 许 先 生 在 其 译 作 中 最 大 几 乎 所有 译 作 都 具 有 严 格 的 对 仗 . 如:
T h e a g e- o l d mo o n s t i l l s h i n e s O’ e r t h e a n c i e n t
g r e a t w a l l , b u t o u r f r o n t i e r g u a r d s me n h a v e n o t c o me b a c k a t
a l 】 .
Wa t e r S O c l e a r a n d s a n d s o w h i t e , b i r d s w h e e l a n d
许渊冲经典诗句翻译[超级打印版]
关雎 Cooing And Wooing之马矢奏春创作关关雎鸠,By riverside are cooing在河之洲.A pair of turtledoves;窈窕淑女,A good young man is wooing君子好逑.A fair maiden he loves.整齐荇菜,Water flows left and right左右流之.Of cress long here, short there;窈窕淑女,The youth yearns day and night寤寐求之.For the good maiden fair.求之不得,His yearning grows so strong,寤寐思服.He can not fall asleep,悠哉悠哉,But tosses all night long,辗转反侧.So deep in love, so deep!整齐荇菜,Now gather left and right左右采之.Cress long or short and tender!窈窕淑女,O lute, play music bright琴瑟友之.For the bride sweet and slender!整齐荇菜,Feast friends at left and right左右芼之.On cress cooked till tender!窈窕淑女,O bells and drums, delight钟鼓乐之.The bride so sweet and slender!垓下歌XIANG YU’S LAST SONG项羽 XIANGYU力拔山兮气盖世,I could pull mountains down, oh! With main and might时晦气兮骓不逝.But my good fortune wanes, oh! My steed won’t fight.骓不逝兮可奈何!Whether my steed will fight, oh! I do not care.虞兮虞兮奈若何!What can I do with you, oh! My lady fair!回乡偶书HOME-COMING贺知章He Zhizhang少小离家老年夜回,Old, I return to the homeland while young,乡音无改鬓毛衰.Thinner has grown my hair, though I speak the same tongue.儿童相见不相识,My children, whom I meet, do not know am I.笑问客从何处来.“Where are you from, dear sir?” they ask with beaming eye.七步诗WRITTEN WHILE TAKING SEVEN PACES曹植Cao Zhi煮豆燃豆萁,Pods burned to cook peas,豆在釜中泣.Peas weep in the pot:本是同根生,“Grown from same root, please,相煎何太急.Why boil us so hot?”归园田居RETURN TO NATURE陶渊明Tao Yuanming种豆南山下,I sow beans’ neath southern hill;草盛豆苗稀.Bean shoots are lost w here weeds o’ erthepath grow.晨兴理荒秽,I weed at dawn though early still;带月荷锄归.I plod home with my moonlit hoe.道狭草木长,The path is narrow, grasses tall,夕露沾我衣.With evening dew my clothes wet,衣沾缺乏惜,To which I pay no heed at all,但使愿无违.If my desire can but be met.登鹳雀楼ON THE STOCK TOWER王之涣Wang Zhihuan白天依山尽,The sun beyond the mountain glows;黄河入海流.The Yellow River seawards flows.欲穷千里目,You can enjoy a great sight;更上一层楼.By climbing to a greater height.春晓SPRING MORNING孟浩然Meng Haoran春眠不觉晓,This spring morning in bed I’m lying,处处闻啼鸟.Not to awake till birds are crying.夜来风雨声,After one night of wind and showers,花落知几多.How many are the fallen flowers?静夜思A TRANQUIL NIGHT李白Li Bai床前明月光,Before my bed a pool of night疑是地上霜.Can it be hoarfrost on the ground?举头望明月,Looking up, I find the moon bright;垂头思故乡.Bowing, In homesickness I’m drowned.早发白帝城LEAVING THE WHITE KING’S TOWN AT DAWN李白Li Bai朝辞白帝彩云间,Leaving at dawn the White King crowned with rainbow cloud,千里江陵一日还.I have sailed a thousand miles through Three Georges in a day.两岸猿声啼不住,With monkeys’ sad adieus the riverbanks are loud;轻舟已过万重山.My boat has left ten thought mountains far away.春望SPRING VIEW杜甫Du Fu国破山河在,On war-torn land streams flow and mountains stand;城春草木深.In towns unquiet grass and weeds run riot.感时花溅泪,Grieved o’er the years, flowers are moved to tears;恨别鸟惊心.Seeing us part, birds cry with broken heart.烽火连三月,The beacon fire has gone higher and higher;家书抵万金.Words from household are worth their weight in gold.白头搔更短,I can not bear to scratch my grizzling hair;浑欲不胜簪.It grows too thin to hold a light hairpin.赋得古原草送别GRASS ON THE ANCIENT PLAIN –FAREWELL TO A FRIEND白居易Bai Juyi离离原上草,Wild grasses spread o’er ancient plain;一岁一枯荣.With spring and fall they come and go.野火烧不尽,Wild fire can’t burn them up ag ain东风吹又生.They rise when vernal breezes blow.远芳侵古道,Their fragrance overruns the way;晴翠接荒城.Their green invades the ruined town.又送王孙去,To see my friend go far away,萋萋满别情.My sorrow grows like grass o’ ergrown.绝句A QUATRAIN李清照Li Qingzhao生看成人杰,Be man of men while you are alive;死亦为鬼雄.Be soul of souls e’en though you’re dead!至今思项羽,Think of Xiang Yu who’d not survive不愿过江东.His men, whose blood for him was shed.观书有感THE BOOK朱熹Zhu Xi半亩方塘一鉴开,There lies a glassy oblong pool,天光云影共徘徊.Where light and shade pursue their course.问渠哪得清如许?How can it be so clear and cool?为有源头活水来.For water fresh comes from its source.秋思AUTUMN THOUGHTS马致远Ma Zhiyuan枯藤老树昏鸦,Over old trees wreathed with rotten vines fly evening crows;小桥流水人家.Under a small bridge near a cottage a stream flows;古道西风瘦马,On ancient road in the west wind a lean horse goes.夕阳西下,Westward declines the sun;断肠人在天涯.Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.石灰吟SONG TO THE LIME于谦Yu Qian千槌万凿出深山,You come out of deep mountains after hammer blows;烈火焚烧若轻易.Under fire and water tortures you are not in woes.粉身碎骨浑不怕,Though broken into pieces, you will have no fright;要留清白在人间.You’ll purify the world by washing it e’er white.泊船瓜洲MOORED AT MELON ISLET王安石Wang Anshi京口瓜洲一水间,A river severs Northern shore and Southern land;钟山只隔数重山.Between my home and me but a few mountains stand.东风又绿江南岸,The vernal wind has greened the Southern shore again.明月何时照我还.When will the moon shine bright on my return? O when?过零丁洋SAILING ON LONELY OCEAN文天祥Wen Tianxiang辛苦遭逢起一经,Delving in the Book of Change,I rose through hardship great,干戈寥落四周星.And desperately fought the foe for four long years.山河破碎风飘絮,Like willow down the war-town land looks desolate;身世浮沉雨打萍.I sink or swim as duckweed in the rain appears.惶恐滩头说惶恐,For the perils on Perilous Beach I have sighs;零丁洋里叹零丁.On Lonely Ocean now I feel dreary and lonely.人生自古谁无死,Since olden days there’s never been a man but dies;留取赤忱照汗青.I’d leave a loyalist’s name in history only.竹石BAMBOO IN THE ROCK郑燮Zheng Xie咬定青山不放松,Upright stands the bamboo amid green mountains steep;立根原在破岩中.Its toothlike root in broken rock is planted deep.千磨万击还坚劲,It’s strong and firm though struck and beaten without rest,任尔工具南北风.Careless of the wind from north or south, east or west.金缕衣THE GOLDEN DRESS劝君莫惜金缕衣,Love not your golden dress, I pray,劝君惜取少年时.More then your youthful golden hours.有花堪折直须折,Gather sweet blossoms while you may莫待无花空折枝.And not the twig devoid of flowers!别董年夜FAREWELL TO A LUTIST高适Gao Shi千里黄云白天曛,Yellow clouds spread for miles and miles have veiled the day,北风吹雁雪纷纷.The north wind blows down snow and wild geese fly away.莫愁前路无知己,Fear not you’ve no admirers as you go along!天下谁人不识君.There is no connoisseur on earth but loves your song.绝句A QUATRAIN杜甫Du Fu两个黄鹂鸣翠柳,Two golden orioles sing amid the willows green;一行白鹭上青天.A flock of white egrets flies into the blue sky.窗含西岭千秋雪,My window frames the snow-crowned western mountain scene;门泊东吴万里船.My door oft says to eastward-going ships “Goodbye!”杳杳寒山道LONG LONG THE PATHWAY TO DOLD HILL杳杳寒山道,Long long the pathway to Cold Hill;落落冷涧滨.Drear, drear the waterside so chill.啾啾常有鸟,寂寂更无人.Chirp, chirp, I often hear the bird;淅淅风吹面,Gust by gust winds caress my face;纷纷雪积身.Flake on flake snow covers all trace.朝朝不见日,From day to day the sun won’t swing;岁岁不知春.From year to year I know spring.登乐游原ON THE PLAIN OF TOMBS李商隐Li Shangyin向晚意不适,At dusk my heart is filled with glooms;驱车登古原.I drive my cab to ancient tomb.夕阳无限好,The setting sun seems so sublime.只是近黄昏.But it is near its dying time.声声慢Tune:"Slow, Slow Tune"寻寻觅觅冷冷清清I look for what I miss;I know not what it is.凄凄惨惨戚戚I feel so sad, so drear,So lonely, without cheer.乍暖还寒时候最难将息How hard is itTo keep me fitIn this lingering cold!三杯两盏淡酒怎敌他晚来风急Hardly warmed upBy cup on cupOf wine so dry,Oh, how could IEndure at dusk the driftOf wind so swift?雁过也正伤心却是旧时相识It breaks my heart, alas!To see the wild geese pass,For they are my acquaintances of old.满地黄花聚积憔悴损而今有谁堪摘The ground is covered with yellow flowers Faded and fallen in showers.Who will pick them up now?守着窗儿单独怎生得黑Sitting alonw at the window, howCould I but quickenThe pace of darkness which won't thicken?梧桐更兼细雨到黄昏点点滴滴这次序递次怎一个愁字了得On parasol-trees leaves a fine rain drizzles As twilight grizzles.Oh! what can I do with a griefBeyond belief?关雎关关雎鸠, 在河之洲. 窈窕淑女君子好逑.整齐荇菜, 左右流之. 窈窕淑女, 妩媚求之.求之不得, 妩媚思服. 优哉游哉, 辗转反侧.整齐荇菜, 左右采之.窈窕淑女, 琴瑟友之.整齐荇菜, 左右毛之. 窈窕淑女, 钟鼓乐之.Cooing And WooingTranslated by Xu YuanChongBy riverside are cooingA pair of turtledoves;A good young man is wooingA fair maiden he loves.Water flows left and rightOf cress long here, short there;The youth yearns day and nightFor the good maiden fair.His yearning grows so strong,He can not fall asleep,But tosses all night long,So deep in love, so deep!Now gather left and rightCress long or short and tender!O lute, play music brightFor the bride sweet and slender!Feast friends at left and rightOn cress cooked till tender!O bells and drums, delightThe bride so sweet and slender!年夜风歌刘邦年夜风起兮云飞扬,威加海内兮归故乡.安得猛士兮守四方!SONG OF THE GREAT WINDTranslated by Xu YuanChongA great wind rises, oh! The clouds are driven away.I come to my native land, oh! Now the world is under my sway.Where can I brave men, oh! To guard my four frontiers today!龟虽寿曹操神龟虽寿,尤有竟时.腾蛇乘雾,终为土灰.老骥伏枥,志在千里.烈士暮年,壮心不已.盈缩之期,不单在天;养怡之福,可得永年.幸甚至哉,歌以咏志.INDOMITABLE SOULTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongAlthough long lives the tortoise wise,In the end he can not but die.The serpent in the mist may rise,But in the dust he too shall die.Although the stabled steed is old,He dreams to run for mile and mile.In life’s December heroes boldWon’t change indomitable style.It’s not up to Heaven aloneTo lengthen or shorten our day.To a great age we can live on,If we keep it fit, cheerful and gay. How happy I feel at this thought!I croon this poem as I ought.神情诗顾恺之春水满四泽,夏云多奇峰.秋月扬明辉,冬岭修寒松.SPIRIT OF THE FOUR SEASONSTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongSpring water overbrims the streams; Summer could fancy peaks outshines;The autumn moon sheds brilliantOn winter cliffs stand cold-proof pines.回乡偶书贺之章(一)少小离家老年夜回,乡音未改鬓毛衰.儿童相见不相识,笑问客从何处来.IHOME-COMINGTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongOld, I return to the homeland while young,Thinner has grown my hair, though I speak the same tongue. My children, whom I meet, do not know am i.“Where are you from, dear sir?” they ask with beaming eye.(二)离别家乡岁月多,近来人事半消磨.惟有门前镜湖水,东风不改旧时波.Since I left my homeland, so many years has passed,So such has faded away and so little can last.Only in Mirror Lake before my very doorThe vernal wind still ripples the water as before.在狱咏蝉骆宾王西陆蝉声唱,南冠客思深.不胜玄鬓影,来对白头吟.露重飞难进,风多响易沉.无人信高洁,谁为表予心.THE CICADA HEARD IN PRISONTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongOf autumn the cicada sings;In prison I’m worn out with care.How can I bear its blue-black which remind me of my grey hair?Heavy with dew, it can not fly;Drowned in the wind, its song’s not heard.Who would believe its spirit high?Could I express my grief in word?登鹳雀楼王之涣白天依山尽,黄河入海流.欲穷千里目,更上一层楼.ON THE STOCK TOWERTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongThe sun beyond the mountain glows;The Yellow River seawards flows.You can enjoy a great sightBy climbing to a greater height.参军行王昌龄青海长云暗雪山,古城遥望玉门关.黄沙百战穿金甲,不破楼兰终不还.ARMY LIFETranslated by Xu YuanChongClouds on frontier have darkened mountains clad in snow; The town with Gate of Jade stands far away, forlorn.We will not leave the desert till we beat the foe, Although in war our golden armour be outworn.送友人李白青山横北郭,白水绕东城.此地一为别,孤蓬万里征.浮云游子意,落日故人情.挥手自兹去,萧萧班马鸣.FAREWELL TO A FRIENDTranslated by Xu YuanchongGreen mountains bar the northern sky;White grids the eastern town.Here is the place to say goodbye;You’ll drift like lonely thistledown.With floating cloud you’ll float away;Like parting day I’ll part from y ou.You wave your hand and go your way;Our steeds still neigh, “adieu,adieu!”黄鹤楼崔颢昔人已乘黄鹤去,此地空余黄鹤楼.黄鹤一去不复返,白云千载空悠悠.晴川历历汉阳树,芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲.日暮乡关何处是?烟波江上使人愁.YELLOW CRANR TOWERTranslated by Xu YuanchongThe stage on yellow crane was gone amid clouds white.To what avail is Yellow Crane Tower left here?Once gone, the yellow crane will ne’er on earth alight; Only white clouds still float in vain from year to year. By sunlit river trees can be count’d one by one;On Parrot Islet sweet green grass grows fast and thick. Where is native land beyond the setting sun?The mist-veiled waves of River Han make me homesick.春望杜甫国破山河在,城深草木深.感时花溅泪,恨别鸟惊心.烽火连三月,家书抵万金.白头搔更短,浑欲不胜簪.SPRING VIEWTranslated by Xu YuanchongOn war-torn land streams flow and mountains stand;In towns unquiet grass and weeds run riot.Grieved o’er the years, flowers are moved to tears;Seeing us part, birds cry with broken heart.The beacon fire has gone higher and higher;Words from household are worth their weight in gold.I can not bear to scratch my grizzling hair;It grows too thin to hold a light hairpin.枫桥夜泊张继月落乌啼霜满天,江枫渔火对愁眠.姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船.MOORING BY MAPLE BRIDGE AT NIGHTTranslated by Xu YuanchongAt moonset cry the crows, streaking the frosty sky; Dimly lit fishing boats ‘neath maple s sadly lie. Beyond the city walls, from Temple of Cold HillBells break the ship-borne roamer’s dream and midnight still.复得古原草送别白居易离离原上草,一岁一枯荣.野火烧不尽,东风吹又生.远方侵古道,晴翠接荒城.又送王孙去,萋萋满别情.GRASS ON THE ANCIENT PLAIN –FAREWELL TO A FRIEND Translated by Xu YuanchongWild grasses spread o’er ancient plain;With spring and fall they come and go.Wild fire can’t burn them up; againThey rise when vernal breezes blow.Their fragrance overruns the way;Their green invades the ruined town.To seemy friend go far away,My sorrow grows like grass o’ ergrown.乐游原李商隐向晚意不适,驱车登古原.夕阳无限好,只是近黄昏.ON THE PLAIN OF TOMBTranslated by Xu YuanchongAt dusk my heart is filled with gloom;I drive my cab to ancient tomb.The setting sun seems to sublime,But it is nearing its dying time.江上渔者范仲淹江上往来人,但爱鲈鱼美.君看一叶舟,出没风波里.THE FISHERMAN ON THE STREAMTranslated by Xu Yuan ChongYou go up and down stream;You love to eat the bream.Lo! The fishing boat bravesPerilous wind and waves.梦中作欧阳修风凉吹笛千山月,路暗迷人百种花.棋罢不知人换世,酒阑无余客思家.WRITING IN DREAMTranslated by Xu YuanchongA flute has chilled the moon over a thousand hills; Dim sight is dazzled by a hundred daffodils.After a game of chess, the world has changed its face;Sobered from wine, can one not miss his native place?观书有朱熹半亩方塘一鉴开,天光云影共徘徊.问渠哪得清如许?为有源头活水来.THE BOOKTranslated by Xu YuanchoThere lies a glassy oblong pool,Where light and shade pursue their course.How can it be so clear and cool?For water fresh comes from its source.秋思马致远枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家.古道西风瘦马,夕阳西下,断肠人在天涯.AUTUMN THOUGHTSTranslated by Xu YuanchongOver old treesWreathed with rotten vines fly evening crows;Under a small bridge near a cottage a stream flows; On ancient road in the west wind a lean horse goes. Westward declines the sun;Far, far from home is the heartbroken one.石灰吟于谦千槌万凿出深山,烈火焚烧若轻易.粉身碎骨浑不怕,要留清白在人间.SONG TO THE LIMETranslated by Xu YuanchongYou come out of deep mountains after hammer blows;Under fire and water tortures you are not in woes. Though broken into pieces, you will have no fright; You’ll purify the world by washing it e’er white.泊船瓜洲王安石京口瓜洲一水间,钟山只隔数重山.东风又绿江南岸,明月何时照我还.MOORED AT MELON ISLETTranslated by Xu YuanchongA river severs Northern shore and Southern land;Between my home and me but a few mountains stand.The vernal wind has greened the Southern shore again. When will the moon shine bright on my return? O when?晓征戚继光霜溪曲曲转旌旗,几许沙鸥睡未知.笳鼓声高寒吹气,深山惊杀老阇黎.MARCH AT DAWNTranslated by Xu YuanchongOur banners undulate along the winding stream,Without disturbing the riverside birds from their dream. Suddenly we beat drums and how our bugles shrill,To startle even the deaf old monk beyond the hill.花前屈年夜均花前小立影徘徊,风解吹裙百褶开.已有泪光同白露,不须明月上衣来.BEFORE THE FLOWERSTranslated by Xu YuanchongBefore the flowers she stands, with hershadow she roves;To blow apart her hundred-fold dress the wind loves.Her face is bathed in tears as bright as dewdrops white. Why should the moon shed on her dress its silver light?竹石郑燮咬定青山不放松,立根原在破岩中.千磨万击还坚韧,任尔工具南北风.BAMBOO IN THE ROCKTranslated by Xu YuanchongUpright stands the bamboo amid green mountains steep;Its toothlike root in broken rock is planted deep.It’s strong and firm though struck and beaten without rest,Careless of the wind from north or south, east or west.过分水岭温庭筠溪水无情似有情,入山三日得通行.岭头即是分头处,惜别潺湲一夜声.AT THE WATERSHEDTranslated by Xu YuanchongThe heartless stream appears to have a heart;Three days among the hills we go along.At watershed on mountain crest we part;All the night long it sings a farewell song.塞下曲卢纶林暗草惊风,将军夜引弓.平明寻白羽,没在石棱中.A BORDER SONGTranslated by Xu YuanchongIn gloomy woods grass shivers at wind’s howl, The general takes it for a tiger’s growl.He shoots and seeks his arrow-plume next morn。