消融的格陵兰 Greenland Is Melting Away
大学英语四级分类模拟题366
大学英语四级分类模拟题366Listening ComprehensionSection AQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1、 A. More than 6 million.B. 6 million.C. Less than 2 million.D. More than 2 million.2、 A. To attack hackers' computers.B. To protect people from being attacked by hackers.C. To improve their computer skills.D. To test their anti-hacking proficiency.Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3、 A. The melting of the major glacier in Greenland.B. The melting of all the glaciers in the earth.C. The growth of carbon emissions.D. The destruction of ozone layer.4、 A. The earth movement.B. The volcanic eruption.C. Warmer air temperatures.D. The glacier's special location.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5、 A. The UK. B. Canada. C. France. D. Germany.6、 A. It has better universities.B. It has rich educational resources.C. The cost of education is lower.D. The competition is less strong.7、 A. To earn more tuition fees.B. To improve its economic competitiveness.C. To attract international attention.D. To make the universities diversified.Section BQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8、 A. Disappointed. B. Pleased. C.Surprised. D. Hopeful.9、 A. They have no books left.B. They have a lot of books left.C. They have two books left in the store.D. They have two books left in another store.10、 A. Provide more details about the book.B. Sign a contract with the woman.C. Make a phone call to another store.D. Pay the reservation fee.11、 A. Write down the book's information.B. Go to the next block.C. Fill in the customer card.D. Get back the reservation fee.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12、 A. He used to do business with the woman.B. He used to be colleagues with the woman.C. He used to work out with the woman.D. He used to be a doctor with the woman.13、 A. She failed her business.B. She loved to be a doctor.C. She was fired by her company.D. She felt tired and lonely.14、 A. Help the clients re-evaluate their lives.B. Help the clients make more money.C. Help the clients succeed in life.D. Help the clients keep healthy.15、 A. To ask for professional advice.B. To talk about their old days.C. To visit their coach Alexandra.D. To invite the woman to his company.Section CPassage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16、 A. Widespread use of color in clothes.B. Widespread use of color in boxes and cans.C. Widespread use of color in commerce and art.D. Widespread use of black and white photographs.17、 A. It made mass production of color possible.B. It enabled Americans to see colors.C. It made colors more expensive to get.D. It helped to produce more colors.18、 A. Frenchmen brought it there.B. English immigrants brought it there.C. German immigrants brought it there.D. Americans invented it themselves.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19、 A. It may have to do with a tallying system.B. Sheep is a kind of lovely animal.C. It is useful for people to get good sleep.D. The reason is not clear to us.20、 A. The subjects can easily fall asleep by counting sheep.B. The subjects can't fall asleep when given no instructions.C. The subjects can easily fall asleep when imagining a soothing scene.D. The subjects can't fall asleep when imagining a relaxing scene.21、 A. Think about unpleasant images before sleep.B. Picture things they have done before sleep.C. Imagine worries and noises before sleep.D. Imagine soothing images before sleep.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22、 A. It is the hottest month of the year.B. It is the most beautiful season of the year.C. The temperature has reached a new high in this month.D. There is a lot of rain in this month.23、 A. Both global warming and below-average rainfall.B. Both below-average rainfall and natural climate variability.C. Global warming as well as natural climate variability.D. Natural climate variability and geographical conditions.24、 A. High food yields.B. High food prices.C. More starving people.D. More refugees.25、 A. Hurricane. B. Food crisis. C. Watercrisis. D. Annual bushfire.答案:Listening ComprehensionSection A1、C[听力原文]There were 6 million cyber-attacks recorded last year in Kenya. That is more than double the number recorded in 2013. Most of the attacks involved financial crimes or targeted information infrastructure like computer systems. The targets were Kenyan government agencies, other groups and private citizens. Many computer users wonder what they should be doing to guard against possible online attacks.Felix Ngugi is a 22-year-old information technology student. He is taking a two-year-long class. The course helps students learn how to secure information stored on computers. It tells them about computer hacking and tests their anti-hacking proficiency. "Why we are learning this is to be able to secure the people who are innocently being attacked by people who know computers and to protect their data and information from getting out to the open."How many cyber-attacks were recorded in 2013?[解析] 新闻中提到，去年肯尼亚的网络攻击记录达600万次，比2013年多两倍，即2013年是去年的三分之一不到。
合肥市45中2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试初三英语试题试卷含答案
合肥市45中2024-2025学年第二学期期末考试初三英语试题试卷注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、—Yang Liwei is ________ astronaut.—Yes. He is ________ first Chinese person in space.A．不填；a B．an; a C．an; the D．the; a2、The bus will stop in front of the school.A．correct B．right C．correctly D．rightly3、---Look! Who’s girl under the tree?---Oh, she is my sister, Kate. She is honest girl.A．the; an B．a: the C．the; a D．an; the4、--- The accident which happened on March 10, 2019 teaches us to care for ourselves and the people around us.--- So it does. , life is the most important to everyone.A．First of all B．Above all C．After all D．In all5、Father's Day is coming. I'm thinking about .A．what present I gave himB．if I planned a party for himC．how I will give him a surprise6、—Can we play soccer here?—No, you play it near the road. That’s too dangerous!A．can B．may C．mustn’t7、Nowadays, it takes us only _____ hour and a half to travel from Changchun to Shenyang because of high speed railway. A．an B．the C．a D．/8、–The players in Super Brain can work out different problems in a very short time.–they are! They have super brains indeed.A．How interesting B．How amazingC．What interesting D．What amazing9、The organization is considering _________ some money to victims of the natural disaster.A．donate B．donating C．to donate D．to donating10、— What shall we do now?—__________ it’s raining hard, let’s stay at home.A．So B．Since C．Though D．OtherwiseⅡ. 完形填空11、完形填空Mrs. Black was a famous musician a few years ago. She 1 music at a school and her students did well in their lessons. They liked her very much. Now the old woman stays at home with her husband. The old man looks after his wife well and she 2 worries about anything. And she is very 3Just like some old people, Mrs. Black finds that her memory(记忆) is falling. Sometimes she________ what she did or will do. It often gets her in trouble. Her 4 noticed（注意到）it and asked her to see a famous doctor. He bought two tickets 5 London and told her he put 6 into her handbag while she was playing the piano. The next morning, they got to the7 just on time to catch the plane. Mrs. Black said,“I wish we had the8 with us.”“Don’t be a fool, dear!”said Mr. Black,“We are not going to a concert, but to see a9 ”“I know，”she said，“but I left the tickets on it!”1．A．loved B．taught C．enjoyed D．studied2．A．always B．often C．never D．sometimes3．A．sorry B．worried C．sad D．happy4．A．forget B．remember C．forgets D．remembers5．A．husband B．daughter C．son D．student6．A．to B．in C．from D．of7．A．it B．them C．this D．that8．A．airport B．bus stop C．station D．hospital9．A．money B．music C．tickets D．piano10．A．doctor B．film C．play D．houseⅢ. 语法填空12、World Book Day falls on April 23 every year. It was set up by the UNESCO(联合国教科文组织) in 1955 to encourage people to discover the pleasure of 1．(read) . It means you read a book out of interest not because your teachers or parents tell you to do so. “Reading for pleasure ” plays a more important role 2．one’s growth than one’s family background.Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of materials can help us know 3．(many) about the outside world and perfect us. However, computer games, online videos and Internet are pushing books off the shelf. Some experts believe it’s a worrying trend(趋势).Each 4．( China) read 0.38 more books in 2013 than 2012 but still far fewer than those in majorthan before.However, many people do still prefer reading because it has been part of 7．(they) life. It can benefit (使受益) people in many ways. It gives us information about other cultures and places of the world. It 8．has a strong influence on forming our personality and makes us more intelligent. The more we read, the more we know. The more we know. The 9．(smart ) we become. It’s never too late to start reading. So jump into the 10．(wonder )world of books now！Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、There are many unusual hotels around the world. In Greenland(格陵兰岛), there is a hotel made of ice, open between December and April every year. In Turkey(土耳其), there is a cave(岩洞) hotel with a television, furniture, and a bathroom in each room. And in Bolivia(玻利维亚), there is a hotel named the Salt Palace Hotel.Thousands of years ago, the area around the Salt Palace Hotel was a large lake. But today, the area has only two small lakes and two salt deserts(荒漠).The larger of the two deserts is called Uyuni salt desert. During the day, the desert is bright white because of the salt. There are no roads across the Uyuni desert, so local people must show guests the way to the hotel.In the early 1990s, a man named Juan Quesada built the hotel. He cut big blocks of salt from the desert and used the blocks to build it. Everything in the hotel is made of salt: the walls, the roof(屋顶), th e tables, the chairs, the beds, and the hotel’s bar. The sun makes the walls and roof warm during the day. At night the desert is very cold, but the rooms are warm. The hotel has twelve rooms. A single room(单人间) costs＄40 a night, and a double room(双人间) costs＄60.A sign on the hotel’s wall tells guests, “ Please don’t lick（添）the walls.”1．The Salt Palace Hotel is unusual because__________.A．it has long history. B．the price of the rooms is high.C．the guests are special. D．it is made of salt.2．Which sentence about the area around the Salt Palace Hotel is NOT true?A．It was a lake many years ago.B．It is white during the day.C．There are several roads to the hotel.D．There are only two small lakes now.3．Juan Quesada got the salt from ___________to build the hotel.A．the salt deserts B．Greenland C．Turkey D．the small lake4．__________ keeps the rooms warm at night?A．Heat from the walls B．The desert air5．Which of the following is true?A．You can live in the ice hotel in Greenland in October.B．You can watch TV in the cave hotel.C．The salt hotel is in Turkey.D．If you and your friend want to live in the Salt Hotel, you should pay＄40 a night together.B14、Mark Twain left school when he was twelve. He had little school education. In spite of this, he became the most famous writer of his time. He made millions of dollars by writing. His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but he is better known all over the world as Mark Twain, his penname.Mark Twain was born in 1835 and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother’s care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all his friends and neighbors. He didn’t like to go to school, and he often ran away from home. He always went in the direction of the nearby Mississippi. He was nearly drowned nine times.After his father’s death, Mark Twain began to work for a printer, who only provided him with food and clothing. Then, he worked as a printer, a river-boat pilot and later joined the army. But shortly after that he became a miner. During this period, he started to write short stories. Afterwards he became a full time writer.In 1870, Mark Twain got married. In the years that followed he wrote many books including Tom Sawyer in 1876, and Huckleberry Finn in 1884, which made him famous, and brought him great fortune.Unfortunately, Mark Twain got into debts in bad investments(投资) and he had to write large numbers of stories to pay these debts. In 1904, his wife died, and then three of his children passed away.At the age of 70, his hair was completely white. He bought many white suits and neckties. He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death on April 21, 1910.1．In his childhood, Mark Twain, ________.A．learned a lot at school B．he often went swimming with other boysC．his mother often worried about his safety D．he often played jokes on others2．In order to make a living, Mark Twain _______.A．first worked as a printer B．did many kinds of workC．wrote stories in the beginning D．joined the army after he worked in a mine3．From the passage we can see that Mark Twain _______.A．had a happy childhood B．was a good boy and always did what he was askedC．was very naughty when he was young D．lived a pleasant life4．Before his death, Mark Twain _______.A．became a white man B．was in low spiritsC．liked to buy all kinds of clothes D．had nothing on5．Which of the following shows the right order about Mark Twain?a. He started to write short stories.b. He got into debts.c. He played jokes on others.d. He wrote the book Tom Sawyer.e. He worked as a printer.A．c-a-d-e-b B．c-e-a-d-b C．e-a-d-b-c D．e-c-a-b-dC15、My name is Bess Curle, but this is not my story. It is the story of my lady Mary, Queen of Scots. She wrote the story, and then she gave it to me. I am going to give it to her son.She began the story a week ago. It was January 1587, and we sat here in our cold room in Fotheringhay Castle, in the north of England. We couldn't see much from the window. One or two houses, a river, some trees, some horses, and a road. That's all. The road goes to London, the home of Queen Elizabeth of England. Mary sat with her little dog in her hands and watched it, all day long.No one came along the road. Nothing happened. I watched Mary, unhappily."Please, Your Majesty, come away from that window," I said. "It doesn't help. No one is going to come. Queen Elizabeth can't do it-Queens don't kill Queens.""Don't they, Bess?" Mary said. "Then why are we here, in this prison? Why am I not free?""Why, Your Majesty(陛下)? Because Queen Elizabeth is afraid of you.""That's right," Mary said. "She's afraid of me, and she hates me too. She hates me because I am beautiful, and she is not; because I had three husbands, and she never married. And because many people-good Catholic(天主教的)people in England France, Scotland, Spain-say that I, Mary, am the true Queen of England, not Elizabeth. And E}zabeth has no children, so, when she is dead, my son James..."She came away from the window and stood in front of me. "James," she said quietly, "my son, does he think about me sometimes? He was only ten months old when I last saw him. It is nearly twenty years..."1．This story happened in .A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter2．According to the passage, James was in 1587.A．nearly 20 years old B．less than 19 years oldC．more than 21 years old D．nearly 19 years old3．What may the next paragraph talk about?A．Mary started to hate Elizabeth. B．Mary started to remember her son.C．Bess started to save Mary. D．Bess started to kill Mary.D16、Karen always said that she didn’t like her house at all. One day I asked why she didn’t look for another house. Karen answered, “I will look for another one when I come back from vacation.”Sam hated his job. However, he loved taking photos, and was taking a two-year course to make him better at it. Every day he said his work was boring. I asked him why he didn’t give up his job and start a business of taking photos. His reply was, “When I finish my course, I will start a business."Harry worked for a company that allowed him to retire early, but he had to get less money after he retired. Now Harry became very weak and found it difficult to deal with his work. I was worried about his health because too much work was bad for him. "Why don't you retire, Harry? Do something that you want to do, "I said."If I were older, I would get my full pension. When the next summer comes, maybe I will, "Harry replied.There is an old saying that says:"If and When were planted, and Nothing grew."A year later, Karen is still living in the houses he hates. Sam is still busy with his boring job and hasn't finished his course. Harry is still working and his health is even worse. These people had a lot of stress in their liv es and couldn’t change the situations by thinking "if or when".Life is too short for "ifs and whens". The next time you find yourself thinking "if or when", remember the saying: "If and When were planted, and Nothing grew."1．How did Karen like her house?A．She liked it. B．She hated it. C．She valued it. D．She didn’t mind it.2．What course was Sam taking?A．Tour-guiding. B．Advice-giving. C．Picture-taking. D．House-painting.3．Why didn’t Harry want t retire?A．Because he was very strong and healthy.B．Because he wasn’t allowed to retire early.C．Because his work was interesting and relaxing.D．Because he wanted to get full pay after retiring.4．Which of the following is TRUE?A．Sam has finished his course. B．Karen lives in a new house now.C．Harry is still working in the company now. D．They didn’t have any stress in their lives at all.5．The underlined old saying wants to tell us .A．when to grow plants B．to take action at onceC．to stop working hard D．how to change yourselfE17、Millions of Chinese have been playing a mobile game called Travel Frog recently. You play as the “mother” of a frog who lives alone and enjoys traveling. You need to prepare food and tools for his trips. The frog will send you postcards while he is away.The game’s popularity may have something to do with how lonely people are these days, according to the Xinhua News Agency. Many players have said that the lonely frog is just like them. But playing with the frog helps them forget their loneliness for a short time.Loneliness seems to be a common problem today. According to the Guardian, about 40 percent of American adults say they’re lonely. And in the UK, about one in five people in the country are “always or often lonely”, The Telegraph reported.This might be why the UK government declared (宣布) the country’s very first “Minister of Loneliness” (孤独大臣) in January. The minister’s job is to find ways to help UK citizens feel less lonely. The minister’s office will provide more money for activities that connect people together.This loneliness problem may be partly due to social media. When we see pictures of friends having fun or posting selfies (自拍) without us, we may compare their “perfect” lives with our own and feel inferior (较差的) and lonely.But we should remember that no one is destined (注定) to be lonely. As UK poet John Donne once wrote, “No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent (陆地), a part of the main.”Tips to get rid of lonelinessSing your favorite songs.Connect with a friend.Do something creative, such as drawing a picture.Imagine some place you’d like to visit, like a fun gathering or a sporting event.1．What do players do while playing Travel Frog?A．Build houses for their frogs.B．Prepare food and tools for their frogs’ trips.C．Choose places for their frogs to travel.D．Write postcards to their frogs.2．To deal with loneliness, the UK government _____.A．designed the game Travel FrogB．created the “Minister of Loneliness”C．holds parties for people to get togetherD．stopped people’s use of social media3．What can we infer from the last paragraph?A．Everyone is connected with others.B．We should not compare ourselves to others.C．It’s not fun to feel lonely.D．No one should live alone.F18、Children with autism(孤独症) have difficulty with social skills and communication. They often act in limited and repeated ways and have what seem like unusual strong interests.Autism is more often seen in boys than girls. What causes it is not clear. Scientists are studying DNA and possible environmental influences.Doctors usually cannot confirm a diagnosis(确诊) of autism until a child is about three years old. Rebecca Landa is a researcher at the Kennedy Krieger Institute. Professor Landa wanted to find out what differences in development might be seen earlier. She led a new study that observed 235 babies between 6 and 36 months of age.“At six months of age, when you lay your baby on their back and you pull them by the arms gently into a seated place, the baby’s head may nod back behind the shoulders, like poor head control. But that does not mean that the baby is going to have autism. It does mean the baby needs to have some exercises to help their body get stronger. And when the babies strengthen their bodies, they are b etter able to play with toys and also with people, which will help them have better outcomes.”By the time a baby is one year old, signs of possible autism include difficulty in using words and not looking eye-to-eye or reaching out to other people. By 14 months, the baby might smile less and use language less. However, Professor Landa says these signs can be very small and their children might be missed during a short health exam.“It’s important for parents to pay attention to their children’s development, and if they care about a child’s development, they should listen to experts.”The earlier parents notice delays, she says, the sooner they can begin simple things that may help improve their children’s development. For example, they can talk to the children about what they are doing, give opinions when the children show them something, and play simple games that keep the children’s attention.1．What’s the best title of the passage?A．How to Confirm a Diagnosis of AutismB．Catching the Early Signs of Autism in BabiesC．Ways to Help Children with Autism to Get BetterD．Children with Autism with Difficulty in Communication2．What can we learn from the third paragraph?A．Landa tried to find differences in babies’ development earlier.B．Landa has found ways to confirm a diagnosis of autism.C．Doctors led a new study to confirm a diagnosis of autism.D．Doctors helped babies with autism develop without difference.3．When a baby with signs of autism is 14 months old, he or she may ________.A．nod the head back behind the shoulders B．have difficulty raising his or her headC．dislike to communicate with others D．like reaching out to other peopleⅤ.书面表达19、假如你是李华，你被邀请在学校组织的“中英学生学习交流会”上发言。
格陵兰的冰山800字作文
格陵兰的冰山800字作文英文回答：Greenland is known for its stunning landscapes, and one of its most iconic features is its massive icebergs. These icebergs are a sight to behold, with their towering heights and brilliant shades of blue and white. They are formed through a process called calving, where chunks of ice break off from glaciers and float away into the ocean. The icebergs in Greenland can be as large as mountains, andthey create a breathtaking scene against the backdrop ofthe Arctic landscape.Not only are these icebergs beautiful, but they also play a crucial role in the ecosystem. They provide ahabitat for various marine creatures, such as seals, whales, and seabirds. The icebergs also act as a source of freshwater, as they slowly melt and release their purewater into the surrounding ocean. This freshwater is essential for the survival of many species in the Arcticregion.Furthermore, Greenland's icebergs are an important indicator of climate change. As global temperatures rise, the icebergs are melting at an alarming rate. This not only affects the delicate balance of the ecosystem but also contributes to rising sea levels worldwide. The melting icebergs in Greenland are a clear sign of the impact of human activities on the environment.中文回答：格陵兰以其壮丽的风景而闻名，其中最具代表性的特点之一就是其巨大的冰山。
2024届广东省清远市名校中考英语模试卷含答案
2024届广东省清远市名校中考英语模试卷含答案注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。
2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、My brother moved to Korea w ith his family last year. I haven’t heard from him until now, which makes me worried about him.A．had contact with B．had a chat withC．telephoned D．received letters from2、I really like the ________ of this chocolate. It is a star.A．smell B．taste C．color D．shape3、— There is a lot of wind in North China.— Well, more trees ________ every year to stop the wind.A．must be planted B．can plantC．should planted D．must been planted4、Can you hear Mary ________ when you pass her room?A．sing B．singing C．to sing D．sang5、If you keep working with your courage(勇气) and belief, you can reach the stage(舞台) on which you can show all your _____.A．furniture B．talents C．collections6、—I have no idea the meeting room yesterday afternoon.—Jack, I guess.A．who cleans B．who cleaned C．why he cleaned7、I won’t _______ working hard on the English test even if I fail it.A．enjoy B．regret C．consider D．practice8、—Do you know the Great Wall?—Next Friday.A．when will we visit B．when we will visitC．How will we visit D．How we will visit9、Millie is using the search engine to find information about how to look after a pet. Help her choose the best keywords. A．pet care B．pet problems C．e-pet D．different pets10、My pen pal from America is coming to visit me . I’m thinking about ______________.A．What present did I give her B．how I will give her a surpriseC．where will we have a big meal D．whether I planned a trip for herⅡ. 完形填空11、Two years after I finished medical school, I began my internship(实习)in a hospital. There, I met with a patient named Benny. I discovered that he was 1 for a heart transplant(移植). He'd seen so many fellow patients during his stay that he felt comfortable giving tips to the 2 men and women."You have got a minute?" he asked me one day."I have a minute.""I see a new group of interns here every month. But I think I have to say something to you. Matt, it seems that you're always in a 3 and that talking to me is another box to check for you,"' he said.These words were 4 for me. No one wants to hear that his patients think he doesn't 5 about them. "Take a look at what you're doing. You're sitting down, and we're having an actual 6 . Usually you just…，" Benny said."Plan to run away as soon as I enter the room. ""Yeah…"From that day on, I found myself 7 in to see Benny often, not only to examine him but also to talk about how I was working hard 8 a new doctor.As the months passed, I was becoming a better doctor, but nothing happened to Benny. One evening, I couldn't help asking, "Anything going on with the wait list?""No news is 9 news," he said softly. "But I'm sure I will."Finally, Benny got the heart.Standing in front of his bed, I felt so 10 ." Take good care of this guy," I said to the other doctors softly. "I'm not his doctor anymore. Now…just a friend."1．A．looking B．waiting C．asking D．going2．A．brave B．busy C．serious D．nervous3．A．dream B．mood C．hurry D．mess4．A．hard B．wise C．special D．valuable5．A．talk B．care C．worry D．think6．A．conversation B．introduction C．operation D．presentation7．A．cutting B．pushing C．breaking D．stopping8．A．for B．as C．with D．against9．A．good B．bad C．secret D．right10．A．bored B．tired C．excited D．movedⅢ. 语法填空12、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
格陵兰岛英文
格陵兰岛英文Greenland is widely regarded as a natural wonder with picturesque landscapes and unique cultural heritage. Located in the North Atlantic Ocean, it is the world's largest non-continental island. With a land area of approximately 2.16 million square kilometers, Greenland attracts tourists from all over the world who come to explore its pristine beauty.Greenland, known as Kalaallit Nunaat in the native Greenlandic language, is an autonomous territory within the Kingdom of Denmark. Its population of around 56,000 people is mainly Inuit, who have inhabited the island for thousands of years. The Inuit culture is deeply intertwined with the land and the sea, and traditional practices such as hunting, fishing, and dog sledding are still an important part of daily life.The landscape of Greenland is truly breathtaking. The island is covered by the Greenland Ice Sheet, which is the second largest ice body in the world after the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The ice sheet stretches over 1.7 million square kilometers and is up to 3 kilometers thick in some places. The icebergs that break off from the ice sheet often drift along the coastline, creating a magnificent spectacle for visitors.Exploring Greenland's wilderness is a once-in-a-lifetime experience. The island is home to numerous fjords, mountains, and glaciers, offering hiking and climbing opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts. One of the most popular destinations is Ilulissat Icefjord, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Here, visitors can witness the calving of gigantic icebergs from the Jakobshavn Glacier, creating a thunderous spectacle and a reminder of the raw power of nature.Greenland is not just about ice and snow. The summer months bring a burst of life to the island as the temperature rises, and the landscape changes dramatically. Colorful wildflowers bloom, and the tundra comes alive with Arctic foxes, reindeer, and a variety of bird species. It is also a fantastic time for kayaking and sailing along the coastline, exploring the hidden coves and bays.Another unique aspect of Greenland is its cultural heritage. The Inuit people have a rich history of storytelling, art, and craftsmanship, which can be seen in their traditional clothing, carvings, and jewelry. Many communities organize cultural festivals, such as the National Day of Greenland, to showcase their traditions and celebrate their cultural identity. Visitors have the opportunity to immerse themselves in the Inuit way of life, learning about their customs and traditions.Despite its remote location and harsh climate, Greenland is becoming increasingly accessible to tourists. There are regular flights from Denmark, Iceland, and Canada, as well as cruise ships and expedition tours that offer a unique perspective of the island. Accommodation options range from cozy guesthouses to luxury lodges, ensuring that visitors have a comfortable stay while experiencing the rugged beauty of Greenland.In conclusion, Greenland is a destination like no other. Its vast ice-covered landscapes, diverse wildlife, and rich cultural heritage make it a truly unique place to visit. Whether you are an adventure seeker, a nature lover, or someone interested in learning about different cultures, Greenland offers an unforgettable experience. So, pack your bags and get ready to discover the beauty of Greenland!。
英语听力入门第三册第四单元
Unit 4World News: Earth and Environment Part Ⅰ Warming upkey words:desertification沙漠化The transformation of arable or habitable land to desert, as by a change in climate or destructive land use.沙漠化：由于气候的变化或对土地无限制地使用将可耕耘的或能居住的土地变成沙漠endangered reptile濒危的爬行动物endangered：Faced with the danger of extinction濒临灭绝的：面临绝种的危险的reptile：Any of various cold-blooded, usually egg-laying vertebrates of the class Reptilia, such as a snake, lizard, crocodile, turtle, or dinosaur, having an external covering of scales or horny platesand breathing by means of lungs爬行动物：一种爬行纲的冷血的、通常是卵生的脊椎动物，例如蛇、晰蜴、鳄鱼、乌龟或恐龙，具有鳞状外皮或角质板块结构并用肺进行呼吸oil spillspill：To run or fall out of a container or containment溢，溅：从容器或包围物中流出或溢出wildfires【林】①林野火灾②野火<未受消防措施影响在森林野地自由燃烧的火>directory通讯录A book containing an alphabetical or classified listing of names, addresses, and other data, such as telephone numbers, of specific persons, groups, or firms通讯录，工商行名录，号码簿：内含按字母顺序排列分类的人名、地址和其他资料的书，如特定的人、团体或公司的电话号码Vocabulary:climatologist[klaimə'tɔlədʒist]气象学家deformity畸形A bodily malformation, distortion, or disfigurement.畸形：身体的变形、扭曲或缺陷salamander['sæləmændə]蝾螈Any of various small lizardlike amphibians of the order Caudata, having porous scaleless skin and four, often weak or rudimentary legs蝾螈：有尾目中一种像蜥蜴的小型两栖动物，具有多孔无鳞的皮肤和四条常无力或发育不完全的腿alligator['æli.geitə]短吻鳄Either of two large reptiles,Alligator mississipiensis of the southeast United States or A. sinensis of China, having sharp teeth and powerful jaws. They differ from crocodiles in having a broader, shorter snout短吻鳄：两种大型爬行动物，美国东南部的密西西比鳄或中国的扬子鳄中一种，它们有尖利的牙齿和有力的颚部。
unit2答案及原文
英语专业学生经典的听力材料Unit 2Earth and EnvironmentPart 1Warming upA1. ...impact of climate change … damage to crops … worse ...2. ...2000 delegates …northern Brazil … third United Nations Conference ondesertification.3. ...A huge oil spill … Mexico, ...4. Wildfires … Florida … contained … a week ...5. ... Greenland is melting around the edges … 50 cubic kilometers … raise globalsea level ...Tapescript:1. New research on the likely impact of climate change suggests that damage to crops in low-lying coastal regions could be worse than previously thought.2. More than 2,000 delegates from around the world have gathered in northern Brazil for the third United Nations Conference on Desertification.3. Crews are working to clean up a huge oil spill off the coast of Mexico, about 50 miles south of San Diego.4. Wildfires in the Florida Everglades have been contained after nearly a week of blaze s that consumed 65,000 hectare s in the southern part of the state.5. A US Space Agency study finds that Greenland is melting around the edges. The loss to the world’s second largest ice sheet –more than 50 cubic kilometer s per year –is enough to raise global sea level by 0.13 millimeter s.B1. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community.2. Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3. A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called the “Boulder CountyGreen Pages”.Transcript:1. Australia is the world‟s driest continent. There‟s general agreement that the country has to use water more efficiently. In many parts supplies are in crisis. At a meeting in Canberra, the Council of Australian Governments has approved a national water plan. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community. Theamount of water taken from rivers for commercial use is to be cut and farmers will be compensate d.2. The disappearance and deformity of amphibian s such as frogs and salamander s from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wide-spread scientific attention over the last decade. Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligator s are in even greater trouble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are currently listed as endanger ed by the World Conservation Union. The study says habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and over-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threat to reptiles.3. Four regional governors from Columbia, on a visit to Washington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coke and poppy plantation s. At a news conference the governors called for a different approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicide s currently being used were harmful to public health and the environment.4. Much attention has been devoted to the threatened animal species. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains begin in the sphere of plant life, this is bad news for the animals too, including humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicines, building materials, and other vital purposes.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware is now available, called the “Boulder County Green Pages.” The Rotary Clubs in Boulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this first-ever directory. It includes quick reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, energy conservation, and more. The $5 cost helps raise funds for the sponsoring groups.Part II News ReportsA...Washington … the information economy … deteriorating health of the planet … information economy … communication … education and entertainment … physical exam … vital signs … species … climate … temperatures … water tables … glaciers … forests … fisheries … to stabilize both climate and world population growthTranscript:An annual study by the Worldwatch Institute here in Washington says with the boom in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet.State of the World 2000 says the fast growing information economy is affectingevery aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment.Lead author and Worldwatch President Lester Brown says while Americans generally feel a sense of optimism about the economy, the planet‟s health is suffering. He says it is a mistake “to confuse the vibrancy of the virtual world with the increasingly troubled state of the real world.”“We give the earth an annual physical (exam), and this book is the result of that annual physical (exam). We check its vital signs. And almost all those vital signs, whether it‟s the number of species, whether it‟s the stability of climate, whether it‟s the health of coral reefs, all those trends show deterioration."Lester Brown says other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling water tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. He says the major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to stabilize both climate and world population growth.Worldwatch Institute President Lester Brown also points out initiatives by multinational corporations to seek energy alternatives (替代能源). For example, Daimler-Chrysler and Shell Oil are working with the government of Iceland to turn that country into the first hydrogen-powered economy (氢动力经济体).BSummary… the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. … global solutions are found soon.Answers to the questions1.1502. Monday3. Almost one billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.4. Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, Northeastern China, western andsouthern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America.5.To treat water as a precious resource.6. 5 liters7.50 liters8.500 litersTranscript:The UN water experts are warning that a severe water shortage will have what they call catastrophic consequences in some developing nations unless global solutions are found soon. One hundred and fifty experts around the world will discussthe water situation at a conference beginning Monday in Geneva.A top official from the World Meteorological Organization Arthur Askew says that by the year 2025, almost 1 billion people could be living in areas suffer ing from a scarcity of water. He says the number could double by the middle of the next century. Mr. Askew says one area with serious water problems is the Middle East. But he says officials in the area are already working on ways to deal with the situation.Experts say water shortage problems also could develop in parts of Africa and western Asia as well as northeastern China, western and southern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, and parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America. Mr. Askew says there's a moral obligation to treat water as a precious resource and a need to realize that large amounts of water are used often wastefully in food production and manufacturing.“All commodities have used water in their production and you must be aware therefore that if you're importing food from one country to another you are in fact importing part of the water resources of that country.”Mr. Askew also says water shortages lead to a conflict between rural and urban demands.“In many regions of the world, the water crisis is not coming because of human consumption directly for potable water, for drinking, or for sanitary purposes, it's coming for agriculture. And in general about 80 percent of the water, which is consumed, i.e., is extracted from the rivers or from underground resources and is not returned, is for agriculture. And there's considerable pressure now on the agricultural sectors to see if they cannot use that water more efficiently.”Mr. Askew says it's estimated that a person needs about 5 liter s of water a day to survive, and a person lives comfortably with about 50 liters a day. But he says people in many countries are using 500 liters of water each day. He says ways must be found to reduce such overuse before it's too late.Part III City recyclingA a. 2 b. 4 c. 3 d. 1B1.130,000 / 80%2. Plastic / glass / tin cans / newspapers3. Recycle truck pick it up.4. On e of community‟s recycling centers5. Each weekday6. Conducts tours of the plant7. 3 / 48. Sold to other companies that make them into different products9. Made into new containers10. One of the top five in the USATranscript:The United States is running out of landfill space, places to put its trash. Because of that, more communities are encouraging their residents to recycle, to set aside certain materials that won't go to the landfill. One area that's met the recycling challenge head-on, is the southeast City of Charlotte, North Carolina. In just a few years, its recycling program has become one of the country's most successful.Catherine Smith lives in one of the 130,000eligible recycling households in Charlotte, North Carolina.Nearly 80 percent of the households participate in the program. Each week, Smith goes to her front porch and fills her red plastic bin with recyclable s. "You've got any plastic containers marked one or two. You've got any glass. They also recycle tin can s and newspapers. So all of that can go in the curbside pick-up bin.""Well, you've got everything out here on the curb. What happens next?""Well, this is the easy part. Then someone, ah, driving a Charlotte Mecklenburg …Recycle Now‟truck comes and, usually, at some point - tomorrow or Friday - and they pick it up at curbside. And that's it."From there, Smith's cans, bottles, and newspapers are taken to one of the community's recycling centers. The City of Charlotte actually contracts with a private company to process the recyclables.This plant is operated by a company called FCR. The recycling trucks pull into FCR each weekday morning to drop off the used material.Inside, the processing center at FCR is bustling with activity. One of the first things you notice in the 26,000-square-foot facility is a huge mound of materials called the "commingle area." Basically, it's a big pile of assorted trash. There are forklift s transporting garbage, and people sorting through it. Across from the sorter s and the commingle area is a mound of newspaper. Of the material brought to FCR, three quarters of it is newsprint.Paula Hoffman is education coordinator at FCR. She conducts tours of the plant for more than one thousand people a month. Back in the quiet of FCR's auditorium, Paula Hoffman describes what happens to the sorted and processed recyclables the company receives from Catherine Smith and the thousands of other area residents. Hoffman says they're sold to other companies that then make them into different products."Your food and beverage glass containers are always made into new food and beverage glass containers. Your aluminum beverage cans are, the biggest percentage of the time, made into new aluminum beverage cans. Twenty five percent of allbeverage, Coca-Cola, Pepsi bottles are now made into new Pepsi or Coke bottles. However, a certain percentage is also made into other products such as the fuzz on a tennis ball, carpeting ... your number two plastic.., a lot of it's made into plastic wood."Charlotte, the surrounding county, and FCR are glad to add new recyclables to their program as long as there's a need for the recycled material. From its high participation rate to the quality end product, Charlotte's recycling program is considered one of the top five in the nation.But ultimately, the success of the Charlotte area recycling program can be traced to the curbsides of the many individual citizens who, like Catherine Smith, are active participants in the program.。
研究生英语教材Unit 5 A Global Warning 听力原文脚本
Unit 5 A Global WarningThe North Pole has been frozen for 100,000 years. But according to scientists, that won't be true by the end of this century. The top of the world is melting.There's been a debate burning for years about the causes of global warming. But the scientists you're about to meet say the debate is over. New evidence shows man is contributing to the warming of the planet, pumping out greenhouse gases that trap solar heat.Much of this new evidence was compiled by American scientist Bob Corell. He led a study called the "Arctic Climate Impact Assessment." It's an awkward name —but consider the findings: the seas are rising, hurricanes will be more powerful, like Katrina, and polar bears may be headed toward extinction.Clip OneWhat does the melting arctic look like? We went north to see what Bob Corell calls a "global warning."Towers of ice the height of 10-story buildings rise on the coast of Greenland. It's the biggest ice sheet in the Northern Hemisphere, measuring some 700,000 square miles. But temperatures in the arctic are rising twice as fast as the rest of the world, so a lot of Greenland's ice is running to the sea.Corell: "Right now the entire planet is out of balance."Bob Corell is among the world's top authorities on climate change. He led 300 scientists from eight nations in the "Arctic Climate Impact Assessment."And he believes he has seen the future.Corell: "This is a bellwether, a barometer. Some people call it the canary in the mine. The warning that things are coming. In 10 years here in the arctic, we see what the rest of the planet will see in 25 or 35 years from now."Look at what‟s happened in 26 years. That‟s the North Pole in September 1979, this is six month ago. Have another look at that, 26 years ago and now.Corell: “The glaciers there have been receding for the last 50 years.”Back in 1987, President Reagan asked Corell to look into climate change. He's been at it ever since.In Iceland, he showed 60 Minutes glaciers that were growing until the 1990s and are now melting. In fact, 98 percent of the world's mountain glaciers are melting.Corell says all that water will push sea levels three feet higher all around the world in 100 years.Corell:"You and I sit here, another foot. Your children, another foot. Your grandchildren, another foot. And it won't take long for sea level to inundate. This lake will go all the way back to there.”What I‟m standing on is a huge block of ice that had split off from the glacierrecently and dropped into the sea. It‟s a big iceberg at this point. This part of Greenland is melting faster than just about any other. And to get a sense of the enormity of what‟s happening, consider this: The ice that is melting here is the equivalent of all of the ice in the Alps.That's more than 105 million acres of melted ice in 15 years. And just four minutes after we cleared off this berg, our ice joined in.We saw how unstable the ice is becoming on a flight with glaciologist Carl Boggild. Boggild anchored 10 research stations to the ice. But every time he comes to visit, the ice and his stations have moved.Correspondent:“One of the really impressive things you see from the air is all these fissures, these crevices are breaking through the ice everywhere. What causes this?”Boggild: "This is actually the ice flow, where you have so much tension in the ice that it cannot stick together. And it breaks and opens a crevice which goes about 150, 200 feet down."Correspondent:“And it‟s melting.”Boggild:“It‟s also melting on the sides. Yes.”Correspondent: “I think you can hear it down there. It‟s a little river.”Boggild: “It‟s like a small river.”A leading theory says those little rivers are lubricating the bottom of the ice sheet, helping it move off the bedrock and out to sea.Correspondent: “There goes Greenland.”Boggild:“Yeah, that‟s true.”And there may be no stopping it. Arctic warming is accelerating. It's a chain reaction. As snow and ice melt they reveal dark land and water that absorb solar heat. That melts more snow and ice, and around it goes.Clip TwoThere's long been a debate about how much of this is earth's naturally changing climate and how much is man's doing. Paul Mayewski, at the University of Maine, says the answer to that question is frozen right here.Mayewski:“Let‟s go over here and take a look at an ice core that we got from Greenland.”With funding from the National Science Foundation, Mayewski has led 35 expeditions collecting deep ice cores from glaciers. The ice captures everything in the air, laying down a record covering half a million years.Mayewski:"We can go to any section of the ice core, to tell, basically, what the greenhouse gas levels were; we can tell whether or not it was stormy, what the temperatures were like."We brought Mayewski back to Greenland, where he says his research has proven that the ice and the atmosphere have man's fingerprints all over them. Correspondent:“Looking back through these records frozen in time, we haven‟t seen temperature changes like this in how long?”Mayewski: “We haven't seen a temperature rise to this level going back at least2,000 years, and arguably several thousand years.”Correspondent:“We haven‟t seen CO2 levels like this in how long?”Mayewski: "We haven't seen CO2 levels like this in hundreds of thousands of years, if not millions of years."Correspondent: “What does that tell you?”Mayewski:"It all points to something that has changed and something that has impacted the system which wasn't doing it more than 100 years ago. And we know exactly what it is. It's human activity."Activity like burning fossil fuels, releasing carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. The U.S. is by far the largest polluter. Corell says there's so much greenhouse gas in the air already that more temperature rise is inevitable.Correspondent: “Are you saying that if twomorrow, we stopped every car, truck, and power plant —stopping all greenhouse gas emissions —the planet would continue to warm anyway? "Mayewski: “Absolutely. It will continue to warm for another, about an other degree." Clip ThreeThat's enough to melt the Arctic — and if greenhouse gases continue to increase, the temperature will rise even more. The ice that's melting already is changing the weather by disrupting ocean currents.Corell points to floods in the U.S., heat waves in Europe; and we wanted to know about this past catastrophic hurricane season.Corell: "The one thing I think we can say with a fairly high degree of confidence is the severity of the storms, how strong the storms, these cyclonic events like hurricanes and cyclones in the Pacific, are going to get —they're gonna be more severe. Now one thing that is in doubt is whether there'll be more of them." Correspondent: “But the intensity is going to be worse?”Corell:“The oceans of the Nor thern Hemisphere are the warmest they've been on record. When they get up in that temperature, they spin off hurricanes. Well, if it goes up another degree, it's going to spawn these with more intensity." Correspondent:“So when people say …where is the harm in global warming?‟, you say…?”Corell: “Here is one of them.”Clip FourThe name "arctic" comes from ancient Greek meaning "Land of the Great Bear."But the warming climate is threatening this icon of the arctic, the polar bear. Flying above the sub-arctic region of Hudson Bay, Canadian scientist Nick Lunn is hunting polar bears in a 30-year study that tracks their health. It's the job of his assistant Evan Richardson to take them down with a tranquilizer dart. Correspondent:“Don‟t tell me you are going to touch him with a ten-foot pole.”Lunn:“ This bear has got a little bit of head movement, so we are just going to usethe pole, just to, just to check without having to get necessarily too close. Hey bear! Hey!”It‟s only when a polar bear is essentially paralyzed for certain and for hours…Correspondent: “You just grab, grab him by the fur and…”Lunn: “Just like this.”Correspondent:“And pull it?”Lunn: “One, two, three.”…that doing this is recommended.The polar bear is the largest predator on land. And native people here say he'll even hunt humans, but not today.Correspondent:“He just can‟t move his legs at all, can he?”Lunn: “No.”With the tranquilizer, the bear remains awake but immobile.They knew his bear by his tattoo.Lunn:“This is Bear X19788.”His history is written chapter and verse in the "bear bible."Lunn: "This is the record book of all the bears that have been handled by us or Manitoba Conservation."The study began at the Wapusk National Park, because the bear population was thought to be the healthiest in the world.Correspondent:“These paws and claws are really amazing.”Lunn's annual checkup records changes in fat…Lunn: “We get a measure of the bear‟s straight-line length.”…dimensions…Lunn:“From the nose to the tip of the tail.”…and an inventory of weapons. The polar bear uses its teeth to hunt primarily one thing — seal. And that's where arctic warming comes in.The polar bear can only hunt on the ice. And Lunn says the ice is breaking up three weeks earlier than it did 30 years go. He's now finding female bears 55 pounds lighter — weaker mothers with fewer cubs.Correspondent:“How big was the population a couple of decades ago when you started this? And how big is it now?”Lunn:"When we first started doing this research, we've done inventories in the mid-80s, in the mid-90s. Both times we came out with an estimate of approximately 1,200 animals for what is known as the western Hudson Bay population. The numbers now suggest that the population has declined to below 1,000."The bears are unlikely to survive as a species if there's a complete loss of ice in summer, which the arctic study projects will happen by the end of this century.Clip 5There are skeptics who question climate change projections like that, saying they're no more reliable than your local weatherman. But Mayewski says arctic projections done decades ago are proving accurate.Mayewski: "The skeptics have brought up some very, very interesting issues over the last few years. And they've forced us to think more and more about the data that we collect. We can owe the skeptics a vote of thanks for making our science as precise as it is today."One big supporter of climate science research is the Bush administration, spending $5 billion a year. But Mr. Bush refuses to sign a treaty forcing cuts in greenhouse gases.The White House also declined 60 Minutes' request for an interview. Corell, who first studied the issue for President Reagan, believes the climate change facts are in, even if President Bush does not.Correspondent:"When you look at the American government, which is saying essentially, 'Wait a minute. We need to study this some more. We can't flip our energy use overnight. It would hurt the economy.' When you hear that, what do you think?" Corell: "Well, what I do then is, I try to tell them exactly what we know scientifically. The science is, I believe, unassailable. I'm not arguing their policy, that's their business, how they deal with policy. But my job is to say, scientifically, shorten that time scale so that if you don't push out the effects of climate change into the long, long distant future. Because even under the best of circumstances, this natural system of a climate will continue to warm the planet for literally hundreds of years, no matter what we do."。
the harm of global warming
for glaciers.
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A larger problem with melting glaciers is the loss of drinking water. The Ganges River（恒河）provides water to at least 500 million people in Southeast Asia and India. Its source is the Himalayan glaciers and according to The Washington Post, the glaciers in the Himalayan Mountains are shrinking by 40 yards per year. The loss of these glaciers would have a devastating impact on the areas dependent on the rivers that get their source from the
•
Drought
Under the influence of global warming, some areas will see an increase in rain, but there are many areas will see less rain and more droughts. According to Scientific American, drought conditions in the next century will increase by roughly 66 percent, which is made worse by shrinking water supplies around the planet.
英语听力入门3000unit2答案
Unit2. World News: Earth and Environment Contents:Warming upNews reportCity recyclingGoals:To train students to recognize key words and phrases in listeningTo develop students’ ability to identify significant information through listeningTo activate students’ knowledge about environmentTo cultivate students’ ability of summarizingTeaching methods:Students’ listening; group discussion; teacher’s instructionDuration:90 minutesI.Warming upA.blaze(n. & v) [C] (a) bright flame or fire 火焰; 火光: Dry wood makes a good blaze. 乾木燃起夺目的火焰. (b) very large (often dangerous) fire 大火; 火灾: Five people died in the blaze. 有五人死於火灾.Brazil ---- Rio de Janeiro（former capital of Brazil）The new city,Brasilia, replaced Rio de Janeiro as the capital of Brazil in 1960.Desertification is the process by which a piece of land becomes dry, empty, and unsuitable for growing trees or crops on. (土壤)荒漠化, 沙漠化----- A third of Africa is under threat of desertification.everglade n. marshland, swamp------- wetlands region in southern Florida大沼泽地Greenlandn. self-governing island belonging to Denmark located between Iceland and the northeastern coastal islands of North America (largest island in the world)Listen to some sentences about environment and supply the missing information. Check the answers after students’ discussion.1.New research on the likely impact of climate change suggests that damage tocrops in low-lying coastal regions could be worse than previously thought.2.More than 2000 delegates from around the world have gathered in northern Brazilfor the third United Nations Conference on Desertification.3.Crews are working to clean up a huge oil spill off the coast of Mexico, about 50miles south of San Diego. ----- a port city in California (USA)4.Wildfires in the Florida Everglades have been contained after a nearly a week ofblazes that consumed 65,000 hectares in the southern part of the States.5. A. US Space Agency study finds that Greenland is melting around the edges. Theloss to the world’s second largest ic e sheet---more than 50 cubic kilometers per year---is enough to raise global sea level by 0.13 millimeters.B.Aerial offensivereptile/ ˈreptaɪl; US -tl; ˋrɛptl/ n any of the class ofcold-blooded, egg-laying animals includinglizards, tortoises, crocodiles, snakes, etc with relatively short legs or no legs at all 爬行动物（冷血, 卵生, 如蜥蜴﹑龟﹑鳄鱼﹑蛇等）; 爬虫.‘salamander火蜥蜴alligator短吻鳄amphibian: 两栖动物poppy:罂粟herbicide: substance used to destroy weedsdirectory: list of telephone subscribers, business firms, etc.xeric adj. of a dry environment, suited for a dry environmentxeriscaping -----a landscaping method that employs drought-resistant plants in an effort to conserve resources, especially water.旱生园艺; 节水型花园----通过选择需水少的植物，进行环境美化sawgrass ----A tall coastal or marshy sedge of eastern North America, Mexico, and the West Indies, having leaves with sharp, minutely toothed margins.Step by S tep 3000 (3)锯齿草:一种产于北美东部、西哥和西印度群岛高海岸或沼生的蓑衣草,叶片具有尖利的小齿边缘.锯草球场----golf coursePreliminary listening. Listen to the items and summarize each of them.Listen to the news items again. Focus your attention on the “wh-“ questions and try to answer them.Discussion after the first listening.1.What?It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community.2.What?Reptile species are in greater trouble than amphibian species.3．What?A new approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade.4. What?One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction.5. What?A new local directory for the environmentally-aware, called th e “Boulder County Green Pages.”News items:1. Aus tralia is the world’s driest continent. There’s general agreement that the country has to use water more efficiently. In many parts, supplies are in crisis. At a meeting in Canberra, the Council of Australian Governments has approved a national water plan. It attempts to balance environmental concerns and the needs of the community. The amount of water taken from rivers for commercial use is to be cut and farmers will be compensated.2. The disappearance and deformity of amphibians such as frogs and salamanders from rain forests and mountain lakes worldwide has attracted wide-spread scientific attention over the last decade. Now a new study says reptile species including turtles, snakes, and alligators are in even greater trouble. Twice as many reptiles as amphibians, or some 100 species, are currently listed as endangered by the World Conservation Union. The study says habitat loss and degradation, pollution, disease, climate change, and over-collection for food, pets and drugs are the major threats toreptiles.3. Four regional governors from columbia, on a visit to Washington, have sharply criticized an American-backed aerial offensive to eradicate thousands of hectares of illegal coca and poppy plantations. At a news conference the governors called for a different approach in the fight against the illegal drugs trade, saying that the herbicides currently being used were harmful to public health and the environment.4. Much attention has been devoted to threatened animal species. But what about plants which are the fundamental bases of life? One in every eight species of plants is threatened with extinction. Since all food chains begin in the sphere of plant life, this is bad news for the animals too, including humans who depend on plants not only for food but also for medicines, building materials, and other vital purposes.5. A new local directory for the environmentally-aware is now available, called the “Boulder County Green Pages”. The Rotary Clubs in Bo ulder County got together with local recycling and environmental specialists to put together this first-ever directory. It includes quick reference to green products and services for recycling, xeriscaping, energy conservation, and more. The $5 cost helps raise funds for the sponsoring groups.II. News reportsADeteriorate: become worse in quality or conditionVibrancy----- vitality, essentiality, powerfulness, vigorousnessvibrant:full of life and energy; exciting 充满生气的; 精力充沛的; 兴奋的: a v ibrant atmosphere, personality,performance 活跃的气氛﹑活泼的个性﹑有活力的表演* She was vibrant with health and enthusiasm. 她健康活泼生气勃勃.virtual world虚拟世界imaginary, hypothetical; computer simulated representation of an actual objectCoral reef: 珊瑚礁Glacier: mass of ice, formed by snow on mountainsListening. Listen to the first news report and supply the missing information.Give students time to discuss their answers. Ask some students about their answers. Furthering listening. Listen again and check the answers.An annual study by the Worldwatch Institute in Washington says with the boomStep by S tep 3000 (3)in the information economy, Americans have lost sight of the deteriorating health of the planet. The fast growing information economy is affecting every aspect of life, from communication, commerce and work, to education and entertainment. The Worldwatch Institude gives the earth an annual physical exam. According to this year’s result, almost all those vital signs of the health of the earth, including the number of species, the stability of climate, the health of coral reefs, show deterioration. Other warning signs are rising temperatures, falling water tables, melting glaciers, shrinking forests and collapsing fisheries. The major environmental challenges in the 21st century will be to stabilize both climate and world population growth.B.Catastrophic (a.)Catastrophe (n.)Obligation: law, moral pressure, promise, etc that forces one to do sth义务，责任Potable (fml) fit for drinking; drinkableSanitary (a): hygienic; free from dirt or substances that may cause diseaseWorld Meteorological Organization: 世界气象组织Shell oil---- Shell Union Oil CorporationListening. Listen to the second news report. Complete the news summary and then briefly answer the questions you hear.Summary:This news report is about the severe shortage of water in some developing nations. It will lead to catastrophic consequences unless global solutions are found soon.Answers to some of the questions:3.almost one billion people could suffer from a scarcity of water.4.Middle East, parts of Africa, western Asia, northeastern china, western andsouthern India, large parts of Pakistan and Mexico, parts of the Pacific coast of the United States and South America5.to treat water as a precious resource6. 5 liters;II.City recyclingTo meet sth head-onwith the head foremost, frontally; directly, face to faceeligiblesuitable or fit to be chosen; having the right or proper qualifications 适宜被选中的; 有恰当资格的; 合格的: eligible for a pension, a job, an award 有资格领取养老金﹑得到工作﹑获得奖品* eligible for promotion, membership 适宜提升﹑得到会员身分* eligible to join a club 有资格加入俱乐部* an eligible young man, eg one who would be a satisfactory choice as a husband 合意的年轻人（如可做佳婿者）.Head-onCurb (side):路边,(人行道旁的)镶边石,边栏He parked his car close to the curb. 他将汽车停在紧靠人行道路缘的地方bustle (with sth) ---- be full of (noise, activity, etc) 到处是（嘈杂的声音﹑繁忙的景象等）: bustling streets 熙熙攘攘的街道* The city centre was bustling with life. 城市中心充满了生活的繁忙景象.Mound: mass of piled-up earth; small hillCommingle: merge, mix, blendAssorted: mixed; different sorts各种各样的; 混杂的; 什锦的: a tin of assorted biscuits一罐什锦饼乾.Forklift: machine used to lift and transport heavy loads叉车;铲运车Newsprint ----- cheap paper used mainly for printing newspapers (often made of recycled materials)Fuzz （u.n）: mass of soft light particlesConduct toursListening. Listen to a reportabout city recycling. Number the following major points accordint to the order you hear them.Discuss your answers with you partners.Suggested answers:2-a 4-b 3-c 1-dB. Listen to the report again and answer the corresponding questions on your textbook.1. 130,000/80%2. plastic/glass/tin cans/newspapers3. recycle truck picks it up.4. one of community recycling centers.5. each weekday.6. conducts tours of the plantStep by S tep 3000 (3)7. 3/48. sold to other companies that make them into different products9. made into new containers.10. one of the top five in the USA。
2024届上海市浦东新区川沙中学中考英语模拟精编试卷含答案
2024届上海市浦东新区川沙中学中考英语模拟精编试卷含答案注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、---- _________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing?--- It’s less than three ___________ flight.A．How long, hour’s B．How far, hour’sC．How long, hours’D．How far, hours’2、--The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.--But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by________.A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody3、The two skirts in the shop looked nice, but ______ of them were the right size for me.A．both B．all C．neither D．none4、—What does your new English teacher look like?—She is a pretty lady________ long hair.A．of B．for C．with5、Those children _______to use words like"thanks"and"please”every morning.Now they are much more polite. A．teach B．will teach C．are taught D．will be taught6、— When I climbed the final meters，I felt a sense of _____.— Good job!A．development B．movement C．treatment D．achievement7、--- It’s getting dark. Could you please ____ the light for me?--- All right. Just a minute.A．keep on B．turn onC．try on D．put on8、I am too heavy. I don’t know how to ________ the problem.A．care about B．deal with C．decide on9、—We are planning a Yangtze River Protection Day this weekend. Do you have any advice?—You’d better signs around the school to tell all the students about that.10、—Mum, I think I'm ________to get back to school.—Not really, my dear. You'd better stay at home for another day.A．so well B．so goodC．well enough D．good enoughⅡ. 完形填空11、I’m sure many people are working hard for a lot of money, a big house, a new car, expensive clothes and so on. Those are considered to be symbols of 1 on the material level. When I was young, I was also 2reaching for material success. So I chose a job as a salesman and I did make some pretty good money.But later I realized that was not what I wanted, because I was often forced to sell products that might not be good for customers. I become very unhappy 3 I could make a lot of money. I no longer felt proud of my job and even 4 myself for doing things like that. So I 5 my job and took another job, this time helping 6 the poor and the weak. The sense of belonging was great and suddenly I felt successful in my life again, I made less money but I was 7 with myself.For my own past, success comes from the feeling of satisfaction and joy. I feel successful when I love what I do, not caring so much about 8 . And I feel the most successful when I 9 my kindness everywhere go.So, be 10 to yourself: learn to listen to the voice from the bottom of your heart. And find your own way with a happy heart to achieve your own success.1．A．luck B．success C．safety D．hope2．A．sadly B．hardly C．crazily D．honestly3．A．if B．since C．until D．although4．A．look down upon B．look up to C．look through D．look into5．A．made up B．gave up C．set up D．turned up6．A．in danger B．in order C．in need D．in surprise7．A．strict B．cheerful C．angry D．satisfied8．A．trust B．love C．money D．health9．A．throw B．spread C．sell D．lend10．A．true B．brave C．friendly D．terribleⅢ. 语法填空12、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词或情态动词.It’s four o’clock in the afternoon. Some students1．(talk) about the future. Here is one of their predictions.I believe we will be able to live in the space. There2．(be) many big clean hotels in the space. We can fly our rocketsLisa Hawkins loves riding her BMX bike （极限单车）and her dream is to go to the Olympics. Lisa first got interested in BMX racing at the age of ten. Once she hired(租) a bike for a pound and immediately 4．(fall) in love with the spor t. “It was the best pound I ever spent,” she says. Lisa is only 16 but she 5．already have) lots of success, and got first prize in a world BMX competition last year. BMX racing is quite a dangerous sport. But this didn’t keep herfrom6．(want) to do more competition. Lisa exercises every day. Like many sports people, she7．(believe) in luck as well as hard work.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、When he was a little boy, his uncle called him “Sparky” after a comic-strip (连环画) horse named Spark Plug. School was all but impossible for Sparky.He failed every subject in the eighth grade. And though he did manage to make the school’s golf team, he lost the only important match of the season straight away.Throughout his youth, Sparky was awkward socially. It wasn’t that the other stud ents disliked him. It was just that no one really cared all that much. In fact, Sparky was surprised if a classmate ever said hello to him outside of school hours. Sparky was a loser. Him, his classmates… everyone knew it. So he learned to live with it. He made up his mind that if things were meant to work out, they would.One thing was important to Sparky, however-drawing. He was proud of his artwork. No one else enjoyed it. But that didn’t seem to matter to him. In his senior year of high school, he sent some cartoons to the yearbook. The editors refused to consider his ideas. Despite (即使；尽管) that, Sparky was sure about his ability. He even decided to become an artist.So, after finishing high school, Sparky wrote to Walt Disney Studios. They asked for samples (样本) of his artwork. Despite careful preparation, it too was refused. One more confirmation that he was a loser.But Sparky still didn’t give up. Instead, he decided to tell his own life’s story in cartoons. The main character would be a little boy w ho symbolized the boy who always lost. You know him well. Because Sparky’s cartoon character went on to become a kind of cultural phenomenon (现象). People readily identified with this “lovable loser”. He reminded people of the painful and embarrassing moments from their own past, of their pain and their shared humanity.The character soon became famous worldwide: “Charlie Brown”. And Sparky, the boy whose many failures never kept him from trying, whose work was refused again and again, is the highly successful cartoonist Charles Schultz. His cartoon strip Peanuts continues to inspire books, T-shirts and Christmas specials, reminding us, as someone, that life somehow finds a way for all of us, even the losers.1．The underlined part “he learned to live with it” in Paragraph 3 probably means that Sparky _______.B．learned to say no to being treated badlyC．didn’t care because no one called him a loserD．came to accept not being cared about by other students2．Before he started the Charlie Brown cartoon, _________.A．Sparky doubted whether being an artist was in his future.B．some yearbook editors encouraged Sparky to keep on drawingC．no one valued Sparky’s artwork and it w as refused again and againD．samples of Sparky’s artwork were accepted by Walt Disney Studios3．Why did Sparky’s cartoon character become so popular?A．Because Sparky’s experience was so sad.B．Because people felt they could have to do with it.C．Because it was a kind of cultural phenomenon.D．Because it inspired people to fight for their own lives.4．What can we conclude (推断) from the article?A．Sparky never lost confidence in his ability.B．Artists often have little chance of becoming successful.C．The wr iter believes that others’ opinions don’t matter.D．The writer believes that no loser will become successful in the end.B14、Do you want to have a special holiday?Have a look at our exciting activities and decide what kind of trips you'd like.1．You can do the following things during a cultural Journey EXCEPT .A．visiting an old temple B．meeting local peopleC．visiting markets D．trying diving2．During a Hiking Tour,the travelers .A．need to carry tents themselves B．must love sports very muchC．must be very healthy D．must be with their old friends3．Which of the following is NOT true?A．Y ou can see many animals in Wildlife Holidays.B．Hiking Tours allow people to get close to nature.C．Y ou can go skiing in Hiking Tours.D．They have sand boarding in deserts.C15、There are many unusual hotels around the world. In Greenland(格陵兰岛), there is a hotel made of ice, open between December and April every year. In Turkey(土耳其), there is a cave(岩洞) hotel with a television, furniture, and a bathroom in each room. And in Bolivia(玻利维亚), there is a hotel named the Salt Palace Hotel.Thousands of years ago, the area around the Salt Palace Hotel was a large lake. But today, the area has only two small lakes and two salt deserts(荒漠).The larger of the two deserts is called Uyuni salt desert. During the day, the desert is bright white because of the salt. There are no roads across the Uyuni desert, so local people must show guests the way to the hotel.In the early 1990s, a man named Juan Quesada built the hotel. He cut big blocks of salt from the desert and used the blocks to build it. Everything in the hotel is made of salt: the walls, the roof(屋顶), the tables, the chairs, the beds, and the hotel’s bar.The sun makes the walls and roof warm during the day. At night the desert is very cold, but the rooms are warm. The hotel has twelve rooms. A single room(单人间) costs＄40 a night, and a double room(双人间) costs＄60.A sign on the hotel’s wall tells guests, “ Please don’t lick（添）the walls.”1．The Salt Palace Hotel is unusual because__________.A．it has long history. B．the price of the rooms is high.C．the guests are special. D．it is made of salt.2．Which sentence about the area around the Salt Palace Hotel is NOT true?A．It was a lake many years ago.B．It is white during the day.C．There are several roads to the hotel.D．There are only two small lakes now.3．Juan Quesada got the salt from ___________to build the hotel.A．the salt deserts B．Greenland C．Turkey D．the small lake4．__________ keeps the rooms warm at night?A．Heat from the walls B．The desert airC．The sun D．The furniture5．Which of the following is true?A．Y ou can live in the ice hotel in Greenland in October.B．Y ou can watch TV in the cave hotel.C．The salt hotel is in Turkey.D．If you and your friend want to live in the Salt Hotel, you should pay＄40 a night together.D16、Building an app is a big project. If you want to build the next great smartphone app, you need a plan. First, think about the kind of app that you want to build. Will your app be a game? Will it be for business? Then make aschedule(日程安排)for building the app. You need plenty of time for research before you are ready to buildNow you're ready to make the app. Building an app is like a puzzle(拼图)with many different parts. Y ou can build it yourself or find a company to help you. There are many videos and websites that can teach you to build one. Some websites provide "building blocks" for app developers. As you build, you pick blocks from the website and put them in your app.After you build your app, you need to check it carefully. Look for bugs. Most apps have several problems to fix. Show your app to people. Ask their opinions. Mike sure everything works before letting people download it. There are so many tools that can help you build apps. Having the right tools will make the work easier. Now almost anyone can make a new app.1．What are bugs according to the article?A．Insects. B．Opinions. C．Problems. D．Tools.2．Which magazine would probably have this article?A．Outdoor Adventures. B．Business News.C．Modern Fashion. D．Technology Today.E17、Michelle Obama is the first lady of America. She visited China on March 20th, 2014. When she met the president Xi, she wore a red dress. She said her red dress is always ready for the important moment. Do you know she is also the first lady of fashion American?Every first lady since Lou Hoover (except Bess Truman) has appeared in the high-fashion magazine, Vogue. But Mrs. Obama is only the second to appear on the cover. She appeared wearing a pink silk dress by Jason Wu. When she was interviewed by the editor of Vogue, Mrs. Obama said what she wears is always paid attention to by many people. “I’m not going to preten d that I don't care about it.” she said. Most cover models have their clothes chosen for them by Vogue, or at least editors work as advisers. However, Mrs. Obama did choose outfits for the Vogue photos from labels(商标) she had worn before. “She doesn't need any help. She loves fashion and knows what works for her,” Talley said. “She’s never had a conversation with me about, `What do you think?' or `How did this look?' And I'm glad for that.”1．From the second paragraph we know__________.A．every first lady has appeared on the cover of VogueB．only Bess Truman has appeared on the cover of VogueC．only two first ladies have appeared on the cover of VogueD．only Mrs. Obama has appeared on the cover of Vogue2．According to the passage, we know Mrs. Obama________.A．is a woman of kindnessB．has her own sense of beauty and ideaC．herself is a clothes designer and modelF18、These people come from the poorest places of Kenya. They were beggars and workers on the farm. However, they are people with dreams and hopes. Thanks to Jamii Bora, thousands of them are realizing their dreams.When Ingrid Munro worked in the UK she learned about the lives of the poor, so she always tried her best to help the poor. And in 1988,Munro and her Canadian husband had adopted（收养）a homeless boy. This boy had been run over by a bus and was unable to walk freely. Munro's learning about the hard lives of the poor increased when she adopted the boy's two brothers two years later.In 1999 she decided to start a small club in Kenya. The members would be 50 women, beggars who had been kind to children. No one imagined it could become so successful that it would change into a bank called Jamii Bora Bank. Munro did not expect that it would turn out to be such a great success. Instead of employing（雇佣）experts, she has trained those women herself. And she employs ex-beggars, the ones who joined them in the very early days and have come out of poverty. She teaches these beggars how to do everything from the beginning. What makes this bank different from others is the way they treat the borrowers. They help these poor people educate their children, and help with housing. They even teach business skills so that people can live a better life.1．According to the passage, "Jamii Bora" refers to_.A．a lady named Ingrid MunroB．a small bank in KenyaC．a famous club in UK2．Why did Munro and her husband adopt a boy in 1988?A．Because this boy was born disabled.B．Because Munro and her husband had adopted his brothers before.C．Because this boy was homeless.3．Munro decided to set up a small club because she wanted toA．help more poor people in KenyaB．get to know more poor peopleC．make beggars become rich people4．From the third paragraph, we know that_.A．this bank helped the poor solve the problem of housingB．munro thought her club must be very successful with the help of beggers.C．some experts were employed to train these women beggers5．What would be the best title for the passage?A．The poorest places of KenyaB．Munro and her husbandC．From beggars to bankersⅤ.书面表达19、书面表达。
Unit5RevealingNatureDevelopingideas第5课时学历案高二英语选择性
枣庄三中实验高中校区高二年级上学期英语学历案编写教师：枣庄市实验高中英语统筹组长周敏使用日期：2023.9 选必一Unit 5 Revealing Nature （第5课时）Writing an observational journal【课标要求】1.本单元的主题语境是“人与自然”，涉及的主题语境内容是认识与探索自然。
2. 围绕主题语境提供的语篇类型是水仙花生长的观察日志。
【学习目标】1.能够通过观察日志，了解水仙花的生长过程，梳理日志中的主要信息。
2.能够进行知识和思维的迁移，完成一篇草莓生长观察日志。
【自学评价】重点词组1.an observational journal __________2.side by side _____________3.sprout from the bulb ___________4.face up _____________5.produce a single flower____________【学习过程】Step 1 ReadingRead the observational journal and answer the questions. (P59 ctivity5)1. How were the daffodil bulbs planted?2. In what environment did the leaves grow?3. What do the flowers look like?Step 2 PrewritingLook at the pictures and talk about how the sunflower grows. (P59 Activity6 )Step 3 Whilewriting假定你是李华,你的英语老师要求同学们写一篇英语观察日记,介绍草莓的生长过程。
内容包括:1.幼苗(seedling)植入土壤;2.两周后:幼苗叶子变大,呈伞状;3.一个月后:长出花苞(bud);4.两个月后:雌蕊(pistil)变成草莓,约5天后,草莓成熟(mature)。
融化中的格陵兰
融化中的格陵兰Shea发表于 2008-08-21Alexandra Witze文Shea译北极最大的冰盖当真正在不可逆转地消融吗？当人们谈论灾难性的气候变化时，格陵兰就会浮现在大家的脑海中。
如果有人将其形容为“转折点”，那是再恰如其分不过的事了。
21世纪人类的命运将很大程度上取决于这个岛上的冰。
如果这些冰完全融化，那么全球的海平面就会上升7米。
格陵兰冰盖的消失是人类首当其冲要面对的潜在气候灾害。
格陵兰冰盖的融化已经在毫无争议地、同时又是剧烈地进行中了。
冰川就像下水管道中的老鼠一般涌向大海，带去了大量的冰山。
在冰川封冻的表面上形成了巨大的湖泊，大量的水通过冰与冰之间的缝隙注入了冰盖中，由此可能会加快冰川滑入海洋的速度。
在过去的4个夏季中，平均每年流失3800亿吨到4900亿吨的冰，超出它在冬季所能获得的冰量1500亿吨。
这个数字可不是一个小数目。
不过这个数目和格陵兰290万立方千米的总冰量比起来至今还算不上什么。
如此巨大的冰量使得格陵兰冰盖本身就具有一定的稳定性，因此不会出现冰盖突然消失的情况。
但是如果存在来自外界的干扰因素，那么第一个消融的就会是格陵兰。
格陵兰本身可以说是最近一个冰河时期留给我们的“遗物”，在当时造就它的气候环境已经一去不复返。
即使排除人为的变暖因素，如果目前的格陵兰冰盖行将消失的话，那么以当前的气候状况，格陵兰岛上将不再会有冰盖形成。
因此这一片冰盖其实就是一份遗产，只是这份遗产在时间上来的有点尴尬，而且相当的脆弱。
问题是，它究竟有多脆弱？到目前为止格陵兰冰盖是否已经升温，进一步的升温是否已经把它送上了一条不归路？如果情况还没有达到这个程度，那么我们距离这个转折点还有多远？当然格陵兰冰盖不会在明天或者下一个世纪就消失，但是在几千年的时间尺度上考虑这个问题就需要慎重对待现在已经出现的气候变化。
最近的一份政府间气候变化专业委员会（IPCC）综合报告指出，在该委员会早先的科学报告里所给出的对海平面升高的估计中并没有完全考虑到格陵兰岛冰盖现在正在经历的变化。
格陵兰的冰川400字作文
格陵兰的冰川400字作文英文回答：Greenland's glaciers are an awe-inspiring sight, covering almost 80% of the island's surface. These colossal rivers of ice play a crucial role in shaping Greenland's landscape, regulating the climate, and influencing global sea levels.Greenland's glaciers are vast and diverse, ranging from slow-moving ice sheets to fast-flowing outlet glaciers. The Greenland Ice Sheet, the largest and thickest ice sheet in the Northern Hemisphere, covers an area of over 1.7 million square kilometers. It contains approximately 7% of the world's freshwater and has the potential to raise global sea levels by 7 meters if it were to melt entirely.Outlet glaciers, which flow from the ice sheet into the surrounding ocean, are responsible for ice loss and contribute to the rise in sea levels. These glaciers areparticularly vulnerable to climate change, as warmer ocean temperatures and increased surface melting accelerate their flow and calving rates.The behavior and dynamics of Greenland's glaciers are closely monitored by scientists who study their impact on the environment and climate. The meltwater from glaciers provides nutrients to the surrounding ecosystem, supporting marine life and contributing to ocean currents. However, the accelerated melting of glaciers due to climate change poses significant risks, including sea level rise, changes in ocean salinity, and disruption of marine ecosystems.中文回答：格陵兰的冰川。
格陵兰的冰川400字作文
格陵兰的冰川400字作文英文回答，Greenland, the world's largest island, is famous for its massive ice sheet covering about 80% of the land. The glaciers in Greenland are some of the most impressive and majestic in the world. These glaciers are not only beautiful to look at, but they also play a crucial role in regulating the global climate.The ice sheet in Greenland is estimated to be about2,400 kilometers long and 1,100 kilometers wide, making it the second-largest ice body in the world after theAntarctic ice sheet. The thickness of the ice sheet can reach up to 3 kilometers in some places. This enormous ice sheet has a significant impact on the global sea levels, as it contains enough ice to raise the sea level by about 7.2 meters if it were to melt completely.The glaciers in Greenland are constantly moving and flowing towards the coast. As they move, they carve out deep fjords and valleys in the landscape. The icebergs thatbreak off from the glaciers are a spectacular sight to behold, as they drift out to sea and create a unique and ever-changing seascape.The melting of the glaciers in Greenland is a cause for concern due to the potential impact on global sea levelsand the climate. As the global temperatures rise, the rateof melting has increased, leading to the loss of ice at an alarming rate. This not only affects the local environment and wildlife but also has far-reaching consequences for the rest of the world.中文回答，格陵兰岛，世界上最大的岛屿，以其覆盖了约80%的土地的庞大冰盖而闻名。
格陵兰的冰山400字作文
格陵兰的冰山400字作文英文回答：Greenland is famous for its massive icebergs, which are a breathtaking sight to behold. I remember when I visited Greenland last summer, I was in awe of the sheer size and beauty of the icebergs. It's like they have a life of their own, constantly changing and evolving.I took a boat tour to see the icebergs up close, and it was an unforgettable experience. The guide told us thatwhat we were seeing was only the tip of the iceberg, andthat most of it was hidden beneath the surface of the water. It's a bit like the saying "the tip of the iceberg," which means there's a lot more to a situation than meets the eye.I also learned that the icebergs in Greenland are constantly melting and breaking apart, which is a natural process. It made me realize that nothing lasts forever, and that we should cherish the beauty of nature while we can.中文回答：格陵兰以其巨大的冰山而闻名，这些冰山的壮丽景象令人叹为观止。
融化中的格陵兰岛
融化中的格陵兰岛
谢懿
【期刊名称】《世界科学》
【年(卷),期】2008(000)008
【摘要】当人们谈论灾难性的气候变化时，格陵兰岛就会浮现在大家的脑海中。
如果有人将其形容为“转折点”，那是再恰如其分不过的事了——北极最大的冰盖当真在不可逆转地消融吗？
【总页数】4页(P9-12)
【作者】谢懿
【作者单位】无
【正文语种】中文
【相关文献】
1.科学家发现格陵兰岛融化最快冰川正重新生长 [J], 李琦
2.科学家发现格陵兰岛融化最快冰川正重新生长 [J], 李琦;
3.格陵兰岛的冰层在融化 [J], Tia Parker
4.融化的格陵兰岛冰层正淹没世界 [J],
5.气候变暖会致使格陵兰岛大的冰盖融化迅速 [J],
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ON THE GREENLAND ICE SHEET — The midnight sun still gleamed at 1 a.m. across the brilliant expanse of the Greenland ice sheet. Brandon Overstreet, a doctoral candidate in hydrology at the University of Wyoming, picked his way across thefrozen landscape, clipped his climbing harness to an anchor in the ice and crept toward the edge of a river that rushed downstream toward an enormous sinkhole. 格陵兰冰盖——凌晨1点，子夜太阳仍在照射着广阔的格陵兰冰盖。
怀俄明大学(University of Wyoming)水文学博士研究生布兰登·奥弗斯特里特(Brandon Overstreet)在这片冰面上小心翼翼，将他的安全带系到冰层中的一个锚上，朝着一条向下流入巨大深坑的河流的边缘徐徐前进。
If he fell in, “the death rate is 100 percent,” said Overstreet's friend and fellow researcher, Lincoln Pitcher.奥弗斯特里特的朋友、同为研究员的林肯·皮彻(Lincoln Pitcher)说，如果他掉进去了，“百分之百会死。
”But Overstreet's task, to collect critical data from the river, is essential to understanding one of the most consequential impacts of global warming. The scientific data he and a team of six other researchers collect here could yield groundbreaking information on the rate at which the melting of Greenland ice sheet, one of the biggest and fastest-melting chunks of ice on Earth, will drive up sea levels in the coming decades. The full melting of Greenland's ice sheet could increase sea levels by about 20 feet.奥弗斯特里特的任务是从水中收集重要数据，这对了解全球变暖最重要的影响来说是必不可少的。
他和其他六名研究员组成的团队在这里收集的科学数据，可能会提供有关格陵兰冰盖融化速度的突破性信息。
该冰盖是世界上最大且融化速度最快的冰块之一，会在未来几十年抬高海平面。
格陵兰冰盖全部融化会将海平面抬高20英尺。
This summer in Greenland, the scientists set up camp on the ice, where they hoped to capture the first comprehensive measurements of the rate of melting. Their research could yield valuable information to help scientists figure out how rapidly sea levels will rise in the 21st century, and thus how people in coastal areas from New York to Bangladesh could plan for the change.今年夏季，科学家们在格陵兰冰盖上搭起帐篷，他们希望在这里获取首批有关融化速度的全面测量数据。
他们的研究可能会提供具有价值的信息，帮助科学家们了解海平面在21世纪的抬升速度，以及从纽约到孟加拉国等沿海地带的居民该如何应对这种变化。
For years, scientists have studied the impact of the planet's warming on the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets. But while researchers have satellite images to track the icebergs that break off, and have created models to simulate the thawing, they have little on-the-ground information and so have trouble predicting precisely how fast sea levels will rise.科学家们多年来一直研究全球变暖对格陵兰和南极冰盖的影响。
但当研究人员通过卫星图像追踪破裂冰山的情况，创建模型来模拟这种融化时，他们获得的实地信息很少，因此难以精确预测海平面的抬升速度。
But the research is under increasing fire by some Republican leaders in Congress, who deny or question the scientific consensus that human activities contribute to climate change.但这项研究遭到国会中一些共和党领袖日益强烈的抨击，他们否认或质疑一个科学共识，即人类活动在一定程度上导致气候变化。
Getting Ready做好准备In July, Smith's team arrived in Kangerlussuaq, Greenland, a dusty outpost of 512 people on the island's southwest coast, which serves as a base for researchers to prepare for fieldwork on the ice sheet.史密斯的团队于今年7月抵达格陵兰岛康克鲁斯瓦格，这是位于西南沿海的一个灰尘漫天的偏远地带，只有512名居民，充当研究人员冰盖实地考察工作的准备基地。
The scientists were excited but anxious as they prepared to travel inland by helicopter to do the fieldwork at the heart of their research: For 72 hours, every hour on the hour, they would stand watch by a supraglacial watershed, taking measurements — velocity, volume, temperature and depth — from the icy bank of the rushing river.科学家们准备乘坐直升机前往内陆，深入研究的核心地带开展实地考察：接下来72个小时，他们每时每刻都要在一个冰面分水线边值班，站在结冰的河岸上，测量这条湍急河流的流速、流量、温度及深度。
“No one has ever collected a data set like this,” Asa Rennermalm, a professor of geography at the Rutgers University Climate Institute who was running the project with Smith, told the team over a lunch of musk ox burgers at the Kangerlussuaq airport cafeteria.“从来没有人这样收集数据，”罗格斯大学气候研究所(Rutgers University Climate Institute)的地理学教授阿萨·伦纳马尔姆(Asa Rennermalm)在康克鲁斯瓦格机场餐厅一边吃午餐——麝牛汉堡，一边这样对团队说。
伦纳马尔姆与史密斯是项目负责人。
Taking each measurement was so difficult and dangerous that it would require two scientists at a time, she said. They would have to plan a sleep schedule to ensure that a group was always awake to do the job. Everyone knew the team would be working just upriver from the moulin — the sinkhole that would sweep anyone who fell into it deep into the ice sheet.她表示，获取每个测量数据的过程都很艰难、危险，需要两名科学家同时作业。
他们需要制定一个作息时间表，以确保一直有人做这项工作。
大家都知道，该团队将在冰川锅穴上游工作——人掉入这个沉洞后就会被卷入水中，坠入冰盖底层。
As the researchers began to set up camp, Overstreet, the University of Wyoming doctoral student, headed toward the river, silent as it sliced through the ice. More than any other member of the team, the success of the mission rested on his shoulders.在研究人员开始搭建帐篷的同时，怀俄明大学水文学博士研究生奥弗斯特里特向着这条静静地穿过冰层的河流前行。