3份研究生英语阅读练习题(附答案)
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text3部分试题及答案解析：Text 3If you’re heading for your nearest branch of Waterstones，the biggest book retailer in the UK, in search of the Duchess of Sussex’s new children’s book The Bench, you might have to be prepared to hunt around a bit; the same may be true of The President's Daughter, the new thriller by Bill Clinton and James Patterson. Both of these books are published next week by Penguin Random House, a company currently involved in a stand-off with Waterstones.The problem began late last year, when Penguin Random House confirmed that it had introduced a credit limit with Waterstones “at a very significant level”. The trade magazine The Bookseller reported that Waterstones branch managers were being told to remove PRH books from prominent areas such as tables, display spaces and windows, and were “quietly retiring them to their relevant sections”.PRH declined to comment on the issue, but a spokesperson for Waterstones told me: “Waterstones are currently operating with reduced credit terms from PRH, the only publisher in the UK to place any limitations on our ability to trade. We are not boycotting PRH titles but we are doing our utmost to ensure that availability for customers remains good despite the lower overall levels of stock. We are hopeful with our shops now open again that normality will return and that we will be allowed to buy appropriately. Certainly, our shops are exceptionally busy and book sales are very strong. The sales for our May Books of the Month surpassed any month since 2018.”In the meantime, PRH authors have been the losers. Big-name PRH authors may suffer a bit, but it’s those mid-list authors, who normally rely on Waterstones staff’s passion for promoting books by lesser-known writers, who will be praying for an end to the dispute.It comes at a time when authors are already worried about the consequences of the proposed merger between PRH and another big publisher, Simon & Schuster - the reduction in the number of unaligned UK publishers is likely to lead to fewer bidding wars, lower advances, and more conformity in terms of what is published.“This is all part of a wider change towards concentration of power and cartels. Literary agencies are getting bigger to have the clout to negotiate better terms with publishers, publishers consolidating to deal wi th Amazon,” says Lownie. “The publishing industry talks about diversity in terms of authors and staff but it also needs a plurality of ways of delivering intellectual contact, choice and different voices. After all, many of the most interesting books in re cent years have come from small publishers.”We shall see whether that plurality is a casualty of the current need among publishers to be big enough to take on all-comers.31. The author mentions two books in Paragraph 1 to present ______.[A] an ongoing conflict[B] an intellectual concept[C] a prevailing sentiment[D] a literary phenomenon32. Why did Waterstones shops retire PRH books to their relevant section?[A] to make them easily noticeable[B] to comply with PRH’s requirement[C] t o respond to PRH’s business move[D] to arrange them in a systematic way33. What message does the spokesperson for Waterstones seem to convey?[A] Their customer remain loyal.[B] The credit limit will be removed.[C] Their stock is underestimated.[D] The book market is rather slack.34. What can be one consequence of the current dispute?[A] Sales of books by mid-list PRH writers fall off considerably.[B] Lesser-known PRH writers become the target of criticism.[C] Waterstones staff hesitate to promote big-name author’s book.[D] Waterstones branches suffer a severe reduction in revenue.35. Which of the following statements best represents Lownie’s view?[A] Small publishers ought to stick together.[B] Big publishers will lose their dominance.[C] The publishing industry is having a hard time.[D] The merger of publishers is a worrying trend.答案解析：31.【答案】[A] an ongoing conflict【解析】本题为例证题。
考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案
考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案要在考研英语考试之前，好好训练自己的阅读能力的话，非做题莫属了。
下面是店铺给大家整理的考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案，供大家参阅!2002年全国考研英语阅读真题1Section III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile, you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems. Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view. Depending on whom you are addressing, the problems will be different. If you are talking to a group of managers, you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries; alternatively if you are addressing secretaries, you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example, which I heard at a nur ses’ convention, of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. He sees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on. Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line for lunch, thenew arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, who rushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself. “Who is that?” the new arr ival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”If you are part of the group, which you are addressing, you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties. With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman. You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous, you must practice so that it becomes more natural. Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner. Often it’s the delivery which causes the audience to smile, so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor. It often comes from the unexpected. A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed, give up” or a play on words or on a situation. Search for exaggeration and understatements. Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.41. To make your humor work, you should ________.[A] take advantage of different kinds of audience[B] make fun of the disorganized people[C] address different problems to different people[D] show sympathy for your listeners42. The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, they are ________.[A] impolite to new arrivals[B] very conscious of their godlike role[C] entitled to some privileges[D] very busy even during lunch hours43. It can be inferred from the text that public services ________.[A] have benefited many people[B] are the focus of public attention[C] are an inappropriate subject for humor[D] have often been the laughing stock44. To achieve the desired result, humorous stories should be delivered ________.[A] in well-worded language[B] as awkwardly as possible[C] in exaggerated statements[D] as casually as possible45. The best title for the text may be ________.[A] Use Humor Effectively[B] Various Kinds of Humor[C] Add Humor to Speech[D] Different Humor Strategies2002年全国考研英语阅读真题2Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics -- the science of conferring various humancapabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor. Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms. Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction. Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers. And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy -- far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility, they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves -- goals that pose a real challenge. “While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,” says Dave Lavery, manager of a robotics program at N ASA, “we can’t yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’ to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results. Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented -- and human perception far more complicated --than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.46. Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in ________.[A] the use of machines to produce science fiction[B] the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry[C] the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work[D] the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work47. The word “gizmos” (Line 1, Paragraph 2) most probably means ________.[A] programs[B] experts[C] devices[D] creatures48. According to the text, what is beyond man’s ability now is to design a robot that can ________.[A] fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery[B] interact with human beings verbally[C] have a little common sense[D] respond independently to a changing world49. Besides reducing human labor, robots can also ________.[A] make a few decisions for themselves[B] deal with some errors with human intervention[C] improve factory environments[D] cultivate human creativity50. The author uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are ________.[A] expected to copy human brain in internal structure[B] able to perceive abnormalities immediately[C] far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information[D] best used in a controlled environment2002年全国考研英语阅读真题3Text 3Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 1979-80, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were, and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price. Energy conservation, a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy, energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption. Software, consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production. For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices) rich economies now use nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, compared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5% of GDP. That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oil-importing emerging economies -- to which heavy industry has shifted -- have become more energy-intensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago. In 1973 commodity prices jumped by 70%, and in 1979 by almost 30%.51. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is ________.[A] global inflation[B] reduction in supply[C] fast growth in economy[D] Iraq’s suspension of exports52. It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if ________.[A] price of crude rises[B] commodity prices rise[C] consumption rises[D] oil taxes rise53. The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries ________.[A] heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive[B] income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices[C] manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed[D] oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP54. We can draw a conclusion from the text that ________.[A] oil-price shocks are less shocking now[B] inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks[C] energy conservation can keep down the oil prices[D] the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry55. From the text we can see that the writer seems ________.[A] optimistic[B] sensitive[C] gloomy[D] scared2002年全国考研英语阅读真题4Text 4The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect,” a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects -- a good onethat is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen -- is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death.”George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. “It’s like surgery,” he says. “We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on ph ysician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedure s that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. “Large num bers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering,” to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse.” He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear… that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension.”56. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that ________.[A] doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’ pain[B] it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives[C] the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide[D] patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide57. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?[A] Doctors will be held gui lty if they risk their patients’ death.[B] Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.[C] The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can be prescribed.[D] A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.58. According to the NAS’s report, one of the problems in end-of-life care is ________.[A] prolonged medical procedures[B] inadequate treatment of pain[C] systematic drug abuse[D] insufficient hospital care59. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive” (Line 3, Paragraph 7)?[A] Bold[B] Harmful[C] Careless[D] Desperate60. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ________.[A] manage their patients incompetently[B] give patients more medicine than needed[C] reduce drug dosages for their patients[D] prolong the needless suffering of the patients2002年全国考研英语阅读真题答案解析Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)41.[C]42.[B]43.[D]44.[D]45.[A]46.[C]47.[C]48.[D]49.[B]50.[C]51.[B]52.[D]53.[D]54.[A]55.[A]56.[B]57.[C]58.[B]59.[A]60.[D]看过考研英语阅读理解练习题及答案。
考研英语阅读理解试题及答案
考研英语阅读理解试题及答案考研英语阅读理解试题会怎么考呢，大家做一做试题了解一下吧！下面是小编为大家收集的关于考研英语阅读理解试题及答案分析，欢迎大家阅读!Specialization canbe seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation ofscientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units,one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis forfurther research. But specialization was only one of a series of relateddevelopments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was thegrowing professionalisation of scientific activity。
No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals andamateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Neverthelss, the wordamateur does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integratedinto the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share itsvalues. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with itsconsequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greaterproblems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally mostobvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical orlaboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development ofgeology in the United Kingdom。
考研英语题阅读试题及答案
考研英语题阅读试题及答案阅读材料：In recent years, the concept of a "smart city" has gained significant traction. A smart city is an urban area that uses different types of electronic data collection sensors to supply information which is used to manage assets, resources and utilities efficiently. This concept incorporates the Internet of Things (IoT), fifth-generation cellular networks (5G), and big data. The goal is to improve the quality oflife for citizens by enhancing sustainability, mobility, and overall performance of urban services.One of the key benefits of smart cities is the ability to reduce energy consumption through smart grids and smart buildings. Smart grids are electrical grids that can optimize the production and distribution of energy. They are fully automated and can react to the real-time changes in the supply and demand of electricity. Smart buildings, on the other hand, use IoT devices to monitor and control heating, cooling, lighting, and security systems, which leads to significant energy savings.Another advantage is the improved traffic management. Smart transportation systems use real-time data to manage traffic flow, reduce congestion, and improve public transportation. This not only saves time for commuters but also decreases the emission of harmful gases, contributing to a cleanerenvironment.However, the implementation of smart city technology also raises concerns about privacy and data security. As cities become smarter, they collect vast amounts of data from their citizens. Ensuring that this data is protected from unauthorized access and potential misuse is a significant challenge. Cities must invest in robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard their digital infrastructure.Questions:1. What is the primary goal of a smart city?2. How do smart grids contribute to energy efficiency?3. What is one of the benefits of smart transportation systems?4. What are the concerns associated with the implementation of smart city technology?Answers:1. The primary goal of a smart city is to improve the quality of life for citizens by enhancing sustainability, mobility, and the overall performance of urban services through the use of electronic data collection sensors, IoT, 5G, and big data.2. Smart grids contribute to energy efficiency by optimizing the production and distribution of energy. They are fully automated and can react to real-time changes in the supply and demand of electricity, which leads to reduced energy consumption.3. One of the benefits of smart transportation systems is improved traffic management. These systems use real-time data to manage traffic flow, reduce congestion, and improve public transportation, which saves time for commuters and decreases the emission of harmful gases.4. The concerns associated with the implementation of smart city technology include privacy and data security. As cities collect vast amounts of data from their citizens, there is a significant challenge in ensuring that this data is protected from unauthorized access and potential misuse. Cities must invest in robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard their digital infrastructure.。
研究生试题及答案英语
研究生试题及答案英语一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "phenomenon" is most closely related to which of the following?A. AppearanceB. EventC. FactD. Factoid2. In the sentence "She is adept at playing the piano," the word "adept" means:A. SkilledB. ClumsyC. IndifferentD. Inexperienced3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a narrative?A. Chronological orderB. Subjective interpretationC. Detailed descriptionD. Linear progression4. The phrase "to break the ice" is used to describe:A. Initiating a conversationB. Cooling a drinkC. Freezing a lakeD. Shattering a mirror5. The term "symbiosis" refers to a relationship between two organisms that is:A. Mutually beneficialB. CompetitiveC. ParasiticD. Predation6. The word "altruism" is associated with:A. SelfishnessB. GenerosityC. GreedD. Envy7. In the context of literature, "allegory" is a figure of speech that:A. Compares two things directlyB. Uses symbolism to represent abstract ideasC. Describes a real eventD. Provides a literal translation8. The phrase "to go the extra mile" means to:A. Travel an additional distanceB. Exceed expectationsC. Take a breakD. Avoid a task9. The word "pragmatic" is often used to describe someone who is:A. IdealisticB. Practical and realisticC. EmotionalD. Dogmatic10. In the sentence "The company is going to scale back its operations," the term "scale back" means:A. ExpandB. ReduceC. RelocateD. Reorganize二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The opposite of "optimistic" is __________.12. "Ecology" is the branch of biology concerned with the relationships between __________ and their environments.13. The word "paradox" refers to a statement that despite sounding reasonable leads to a conclusion that seems__________.14. "Democracy" is a system of government where __________ have the authority to choose their governing legislation. 15. "Empathy" is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another, which is the opposite of __________. 16. "Eloquence" is the quality of expressing oneself fluently and __________.17. "Hypocrisy" is the practice of claiming to have__________ or moral standards that one does not actually possess.18. "Inertia" in physics refers to the property of matter by which it remains at rest or in __________ motion unless acted upon by an external force.19. "Juxtaposition" is the act of placing two or more elements, subjects, or __________ close together or side byside.20. "Kaleidoscope" is an optical instrument that produces symmetrical patterns of __________ colors.三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Passage:In recent years, the concept of a "green economy" has gained traction globally. It is an economic system aimed at reducing environmental risks and ecological scarcities. The green economy seeks to improve human well-being and social equity while significantly reducing the environmental pressures of cities, industry, and agriculture. It is not simply about planting more trees or recycling; it encompasses a fundamental shift in the way we produce and consume goods and services.Questions:21. What is the primary goal of a green economy?A. Reducing environmental risksB. Improving social equityC. Enhancing human well-beingD. All of the above22. According to the passage, what is NOT a characteristic ofa green economy?A. Planting more treesB. Reducing ecological scarcitiesC. Fundamental shift in production and consumptionD. Recycling23. The term "green economy" is associated with which of the following?A. Economic growth at any costB. Environmental sustainabilityC. Ignoring social equityD. Unregulated industrial expansion24. What does the passage suggest about the scope of a green economy?A. It is limited to urban areasB. It applies to cities, industry, and agricultureC. It is only concerned with individual consumer choices。
考研英语历年英语阅读真题及答案
考研英语历年英语阅读真题及答案考研英语阅读是考试中的重要部分，通过阅读理解题目，考生可以提升英语语言能力和考试答题能力。
下面将为大家整理一些历年考研英语阅读真题及答案，供各位考生参考。
一、真题一阅读理解题目：Passage 1Questions 1-3 are based on the following passage.Vasily Grossman, a journalist and writer, was recognized only belatedly in the Soviet Union. But by the time of his death in 1964 his works could no longer be ignored or suppressed completely.Grossman was born in a Jewish family in 1905 in Berdichev (Ukraine) and after training for a career in civil engineering became a writer and journalist, first in Ukraine, then in Moscow. His first literary success was a volume of short stories (1934) and his first novel, Stalingrad (1952), established his reputation as a writer of remarkable talents. It is a fine example of the "Bread and Battles" type of fiction-- novels with a Central Russian war theme.Between the wars Grossman established himself as a newspaper reporter of the first rank. At the outbreak of the German invasion in 1941 he became a war reporter. His articles in the army newspaper Red Star had considerable effect. After the war he continued to write--describing, for example, the1943 Battle of Kursk in which a German advance was halted. These articles lead directly to the writing of Stalingrad.In 1959 his novel Life and Fate was finished, and when it became apparent that the manuscript would be suppressed by the authorities, Grossman gave copies to friends. A "textbook example of containment," the manuscript switched across the Iron Curtain and was first published in the West in 1980; in the Soviet Union only an abridged version was eventually published in 1988.Grossman's major themes are war and totalitarianism. He writes with great authority and humanity. In his later years he suffered from cruel persecution at the hands of the authorities and died a broken man.1. Vasily Grossman was initially recognized as a writer(A) during his lifetime(B) after his death(C) when his works were published in the West(D) after his works had been highly evaluated2. Grossman's first novel, Stalingrad, established his reputation by(A) describing a battle of the Second World War(B) criticizing the authorities' persecution(C) relating his post-war experience(D) criticizing totalitarianism3. Grossman's Life and Fate(A) was not praised as much as Stalingrad(B) was first published in the Soviet Union(C) was taken out of the Soviet Union in its entirety(D) was intended to show the effects of containment参考答案：1. A2. A3. C二、真题二阅读理解题目：Passage 2It is a common belief that emotions interfere with our reasoning abilities and lead to irrational decisions. However, recent studies have shown that emotions can actually be beneficial to the decision-making process.One study conducted by neuroscientist Antonio Damasio revealed that individuals with damage to a specific part of the brain had difficulty making decisions, even though their intelligence was not affected. This study suggests that emotions play a crucial role in our ability to make choices.Another study conducted by psychologists Loewenstein and Lerner found that individuals who experienced mild emotions during the decision-making process made better decisions compared to those who were emotionally neutral. This suggests that emotions can provide valuable information that can aid in decision-making.Furthermore, research has shown that individuals who are able to understand and regulate their emotions have better decision-making skills. This is because emotional intelligence allows individuals to consider both their rational thoughts and emotional responses when making decisions.In conclusion, emotions are not always detrimental to decision-making. They can provide valuable information and aid in the decision-making process. Additionally, individuals who possess emotional intelligence have better decision-making skills overall.4. According to the passage, recent studies have shown that emotions(A) interfere with our reasoning abilities(B) lead to irrational decisions(C) play a crucial role in decision-making(D) have no impact on decision-making5. The study conducted by Antonio Damasio suggests that individuals with damage to a specific part of the brain(A) have difficulty making decisions due to a lack of intelligence(B) have no emotional responses to aid in decision-making(C) are more likely to make irrational decisions(D) experience interference from their emotions when making decisions6. According to Loewenstein and Lerner's study, individuals who experienced mild emotions during the decision-making process(A) made better decisions compared to those who were emotionally neutral(B) were more likely to make irrational decisions(C) had difficulty making decisions due to a lack of emotional responses(D) had no impact on their decision-making abilities参考答案：4. C5. A6. A根据上述两道真题及其答案，我们可以看到考研英语阅读理解题目通常包括一篇或多篇文章，每篇文章后面配有若干问题，考生需要根据文章内容选择正确的答案。
考研英语阅读真题及答案
考研英语阅读真题及答案考研英语阅读真题及答案英语历年考试真题是必备的资料，真题是一个标准，做真题可以把握试题难度，出题角度，了解命题重点。
下面是店铺给大家准备的.考研的英语阅读真题及答案，一起来练习一下吧!第一篇：In 1960-1961, Chad (乍得) harvested 9800 tons of cotton seed for the first time in its history, and put out the flag a little too soon. The efforts of the authorities to get the peasants back to work, as they had slacked off (松懈) a great deal the previous year during independence celebrations, largely contributed to it. Also, rains were well spaced, and continued through the whole month of October. If the 1961-1962 total is back to the region of 45000 tons, it is mostly because efforts slackened again and sowing was started too late.The average date of sowing is about July 1st. If this date is simply moved up fifteen or twenty days, 30000 to 60000 tons of cotton are gained, depending on the year. The peasant in Chad sows his millet (小米) first, and it is hard to criticize this instinctive priority given to his daily bread. An essential reason for his lateness with sowing cotton is that at the time when he should leave to prepare the fields he has just barely sold the cotton of the previous season. The work required to sow, in great heat, is psychologically far more difficult if one's pockets are full of money. The date of cotton sales should therefore be moved forward as much as possible, and purchases of equipment and draught animals encouraged.Peasants should also be encouraged to save money, to help them through the difficult period between harvests. If necessarythey should be forced to do so, by having the payments for cotton given to them in installments (分期付款). The last payment would be made after proof that the peasant has planted before the deadline, the date being advanced to the end of June. Those who have done so would receive extra money whereas the last planters would not receive their last payment until later.Only the first steps are hard, because once work has started the peasants continue willingly on their way. Educational campaigns among the peasants will play an essential role in this basic advance, early sowing, on which all the others depend. It is not a matter of controlling the peasants. Each peasant will remain master of his fields. One could, however, suggest the need for the time being of kind but firm rule, which, as long as it cannot be realized by the people, should at least be for the people.21. In 1960-1961, Chad had a good harvest of cotton because .A) the government greatly encouraged peasantsB) rains favored the growth of cottonC) Chad gained independence in the previous yearD) Both A)and B)22. We learn from the passage that the date of sowing cotton is usually .A) on June 15thB) on July 15thC) on July 1stD) on July 20th23. As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph,daily breadrefers to .A) breakfastB)bread and butterC)riceD)millet24. In order to help them through the difficult time between harvests the peasants have to .A) sell cotton in advanceB) be encouraged to save moneyC) sow cotton in timeD) plant millet first25. Which of the following is NOT true?A)Educational campaigns are very important to early sowing.B) Of all the advances that the writer hopes for, early sowing is the most important.C) Peasants should remain the masters of their fields.D) Government might as well make good and firm rule for peasants.第二篇：We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And Paul-why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car? When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends-or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, You're a lucky dog. That's being friendly. But lucky dog? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the dog bit puts you down a little.What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve your luck.Just think of all the things you have to be thankful foris another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture(姿态)? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.26. This passage is mainly about .A)how to interpret what people sayB)what to do when you listen to others talkingC)how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with peopleD)Why we go wrong with people sometimes27. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .A)We fail to listen carefully when they talkB) People tend to be annoyed when we check what they sayC)People usually state one thing but means anotherD)We tend to doubt what our friends say28. In the sentence Maybe he doesn't see it himself. in the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to.A) being friendlyC) lucky dogB) a bit of envyD) your luck29. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .A)notice the way the person is talkingB)take a good look at the person talkingC)mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyesD)examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture30. The author most probably is a .A) teacherC) philosopherB) psychologistD) doctor>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<第一篇：1.D 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.B第二篇：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B下载全文。
考研历年英语试题及答案
考研历年英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. According to the passage, what is the main reason for the decline in the number of bees?A. Increased use of pesticides.B. Loss of habitat due to urbanization.C. Climate change and its unpredictable effects.D. The introduction of non-native species.2. What does the author suggest about the future of bees?A. They will adapt to the changing environment.B. Their numbers will continue to decrease.C. They will become extinct in the foreseeable future.D. Their population will stabilize in the long term.3. In the third paragraph, the author discusses the impact of bees on what?A. The economy.B. The environment.C. The food chain.D. Human health.4. What is the author's purpose in writing this passage?A. To raise awareness about the importance of bees.B. To argue for more research into bee conservation.C. To discuss the causes of bee population decline.D. To suggest solutions to the problem of bee decline.二、完形填空（共20分）5. The word "abundant" in the first sentence is closest in meaning to _______.A. numerousB. diverseC. scarceD. unique6. The author's tone in the passage can best be described as _______.A. optimisticB. pessimisticC. informativeD. persuasive7. The phrase "in the face of" in the second paragraph is used to mean _______.A. despiteB. in front ofC. as a result ofD. because of8. The word "vulnerable" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A. strongB. weakC. adaptableD. resistant9. The author uses the example of the almond industry to_______.A. illustrate the economic impact of bee declineB. demonstrate the importance of bees in agricultureC. emphasize the adaptability of beesD. argue for more funding for bee research10. The word "contribute" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A. donateB. causeC. addD. result三、翻译（共20分）11. 将以下句子翻译成英文：蜜蜂对维持生态平衡至关重要，但近年来它们的数量急剧下降。
2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案
2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success untilthey met Ray Kroc. Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milk shake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特许经营)other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches(拱门).Today McDonalds is really a household name. Its names for itssandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to order fifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonalds had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.1. This passage mainly talks about .A) the development of fast food servicesB) how McDonalds became a billion-dollar businessC) the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldD) Ray Krocs business talent2. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except .A) a drive-inB) a cinemaC) a theaterD) a barbecue restaurant3. We may infer from this passage that .A)Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to KrocB)The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of thegreat popularity of their drive-inC)Forty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurantsD) Ray Kroc was a good businessman4. The passage suggests that .A) creativity is an important element of business successB) Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersC) Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocD) California is the best place to go into business5. As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the worduniquemeans .A)specialB)financialC )attractiveD)peculiar1.C2.B3.D4.A5.D【2023年考研英语阅读理解练习及答案】。
考研英语阅读练习题及答案
考研英语阅读练习题及答案考研英语阅读部分是考生们备战考研的关键阶段。
为了帮助考生们更好地应对考研英语阅读题，下面将给出一些经典的考研英语阅读练习题及答案。
Passage 1Questions 1-3 are based on the following passage.Scientists have long assumed that genetic forces determine when a bird will lay its eggs. However, a study conducted by researchers at the University of Windsor challenges this assumption. The study involved observing the breeding habits of over 500 bird species. Surprisingly, the results showed that environmental factors, such as climate and food availability, play a more significant role in determining breeding schedules than genetic factors. The researchers also discovered that birds have the ability to adjust their breeding times to adapt to changes in their environment.1. The main focus of the passage is onA) genetic factors that determine bird breeding habits.B) environmental factors that influence bird breeding schedules.C) the breeding habits of over 500 bird species.D) the ability of birds to adjust their breeding times.2. According to the study, which of the following is NOT a genetic factor that determines bird breeding habits?A) Climate.B) Food availability.C) Environmental factors.D) All of the above.3. The researchers found that birdsA) cannot adjust their breeding times.B) rely solely on genetic factors to determine breeding schedules.C) adapt their breeding times according to environmental changes.D) play no role in determining their breeding habits.答案及解析：1. B) environmental factors that influence bird breeding schedules.本题问的是文章的主旨，关键词是“main focus”。
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析Unit1Part ADirections：Read the following four texts。
Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B，C or D。
Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1。
(40 points）T ext 1It’s plain common sense？ D the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience。
It’s plain common sense，but it's not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion。
They are two distinct feelings that，coexisting, rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a person's level of unhappiness，the lower their level of happiness and vice versa。
But when researchers measure people's average levels of happiness and unhappiness，they often find little relationship between the two.The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co—exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life。
考研英语历年阅读真题及答案
考研英语历年阅读真题及答案考研英语阅读部分是考研考试中的重要组成部分，它旨在考查考生的英语阅读能力和理解能力。
在备考阶段，了解历年真题及其答案是非常重要的，它不仅可以帮助考生熟悉考试内容和出题方式，还可以帮助考生提高答题技巧和解题速度。
下面将为大家整理一些历年考研英语阅读真题及答案，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
【真题一】文本：（节选自2019年考研英语一真题）Protein is just one of many toxic substances that animals evolved to eat. In fact, some of the hardest foods to eat are some of the most nourishing and could be the most important ones in our diet. More than one billion people, mostly in the tropics, rely on cassava, a starchy root that has to be processed correctly to remove cyanide, which is present in its flesh. A root with the wrong texture or taste contains enough poison to cause a debilitating condition called konzo. To their cost, thousands of the very people most dependent on cassava can afford neither pots to cook it in nor firewood.1. According to the passage, konzo is caused byA) overconsumption of cassavaB) insufficient nutrients in the dietC) improper processing of cassavaD) lack of firewood for cooking答案：C) improper processing of cassava【真题二】文本：（节选自2018年考研英语一真题）Certainly, there is no shortage of individual exceptions to the rule, but on the whole, a rising tide of academic research over the last 30 years reports an significant increase in the diversity and complexity of the tasks that people now accomplish in the workplace. Routine analytic tasks requiring repetitive, rule-based work have declined substantially in employment overall.2. According to the passage, what has happened to the number of routine analytic tasks in the workplace?A) They have stayed the same.B) They have increased significantly.C) They have decreased substantially.D) They have become more complex.答案：C) They have decreased substantially.【真题三】文本：（节选自2017年考研英语二真题）Some people’s biometrics change with age, and these systems may ha ve difficulty identifying them over time. For example, studies have shown that facial recognition algorithms are not as accurate at identifying older adults.A study in 2010 found that error rates escalated between the ages of 45 and64.3. According to the passage, what is one limitation of facial recognition algorithms?A) They are inaccurate for older adults.B) They cannot distinguish biometric changes.C) They do not work on people under 45.D) They are not commonly used in studies.答案：A) They are inaccurate for older adults.【真题四】文本：（节选自2016年考研英语二真题）A new study suggests that humans are more prone to overeat in the evening due to the higher calorie content and larger portion sizes typically consumed. The study also found that perceived hunger levels, following a standardized meal, were lower in the morning than in the evening prior to eating the same meal.4. According to the passage, why are humans more likely to overeat in the evening?A) The portion sizes are larger.B) The hunger levels are higher.C) The calorie content is higher.D) The study did not explain the reason.答案：C) The calorie content is higher.以上是几道历年考研英语阅读真题及答案的节选，希望能够帮助考生们更好地备考考研英语阅读部分。
研究生英语阅读练习题（附答案）
１Part I Reading Comprehension (20%) Directions: Directions: Each Each Each of of of the the the following following following passage passage passage below below below is is is followed followed followed by by by some some some questions. questions. questions. For For For each each each question question question there there there are are are four four four answers answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your on the ANSWER SHEET. Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage ：In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage containers. Within a year, consumers had retu millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and gla raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up bu landfills The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic. Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United states. The reason for the change is that now th dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brus etc. As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangem exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actu depress prices for used materials. Shrinking Shrinking landfill landfill landfill space, space, space, and and and rising rising rising costs costs costs for for for burying burying burying and and and burning burning burning rubbish rubbish rubbish are are are forcing forcing forcing local local local governments governments governments to to to look look look more more closely closely at at at recycling recycling recycling In In In many many many areas, areas, areas, the the the East East East Coast, Coast, Coast, especially, especially, especially, recycling recycling recycling is is is already already already the the the least least least expensive expensive expensive waste-management waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to s of more than $ 100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution contro energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material 1.What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers? A) Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles. B) Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling. C) A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling. D) Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them. 2.The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _________. A) end up somewhere underground. B) Be turned into raw materials. C) Have a second-life value. D) Be separated form other rubbish. 3.The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______. A) to sell them at a profitable price. B) How to turn them into useful things. C) How to reduce their recycling costs. D) To lower the prices for used materials. 4.Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because _____. A) local governments find it easy to manage. B) Recycling has great appeal for the jobless. C) Recycling causes little pollution. D) Other methods are more expensive. ２5.It can be concluded from the passage that _______. A) rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials. B) Local governments in the US can expect big profits from recycling. C) Recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally. D) Landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal. Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage: With With the the the possible possible possible exception exception exception of of of equal equal equal rights, rights, rights, perhaps perhaps perhaps the the the most most most controversial controversial controversial issue issue issue across across across the United the United States States today today today is is is the the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence the death penalty reduces the number of murders. The The principal principal principal argument argument argument advanced advanced advanced by by by those those those opposed opposed opposed to to to the the the death death death penalty, penalty, penalty, basically, basically, basically, is is is that that that it it it is is is cruel cruel cruel and and and inhuman inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to anyway. In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extr individuals individuals in in in every every every society society society who who who were were were capable capable capable of of of terribly terribly terribly violent violent violent crimes crimes crimes such such such as as as murder. murder. murder. But But But some some some are are are more more more extreme extreme extreme than than others. For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from so such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer. The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of c believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty d murder. murder. For For For example, example, example, from from from 1954 1954 1954 to to to 1963, 1963, 1963, when when when the the the death death death penalty penalty penalty was was was consistently consistently consistently imposed imposed imposed in in in California, California, California, the the the murder murder murder rate rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in the state's murde which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter m murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murdered-some whose lives may h been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent must be protected. 6. The principal purpose of this passage is to _______. A. criticize the government B. argue for the value of the death penalty C. speak for the majority D. initiate a veto 7. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between _______. A. the importance of equal rights and that of the death penalty B. executions and murders C. the murder rate and the imposition of the death penalty D. the effects of execution and the effects of isolation 8. The author's response to those who urge the death penalty for all degrees of murder would most likely be _______. A. supportive B. hostile C. rigative D. friendly 9. In the passage the author is primarily concerned with _______. A. supporting a position B. describing an event C. analyzing a problem objectively D. settling a dispute ３10. It can be inferred that the author thinks that _______. A. the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importance B. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debated C. the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States today D. the second type murderers (in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to death Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: The competition among producers of personal computer is essentially arace to get the best, most innovative product the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors' role when mak marketing marketing strategy strategy strategy decisions. decisions. decisions. If If If major major major competitors competitors competitors are are are changing changing changing their their their products,then products,then products,then a a a marketer marketer marketer may may may want want want to to to follow follow follow suit suit suit to to remain competive. Apple Computer, Inc.has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackinto SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple's major competitors. Apple's new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is abl run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatibal programs. This compatibil feature illustrates computer manufacturers' new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple compute captible of runing IBM software is Apple's effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus m popular in office, where Apple hopes to increase ers of the Apple can also add accessories to make their mac specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing. The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers. Even Even though though though Apple Apple Apple and and and IBM IBM IBM are are are major major major competitors, competitors, competitors, both both both companies companies companies realize realize realize that that that their their their competitor's competitor's competitor's computers computers computers have have certain certain features features features that that that their their their own own own models models models do do do not. not. not. The Apple The Apple line line has has always always been been been popular popular popular for for its its sophisticated sophisticated sophisticated color color color graphics, graphics, whereas whereas the the the IBM IBM IBM machines machines machines have have have always always always been been been favored favored favored in in in offices. offices. offices. In In In the the the future, future, future, there there there will will will probably probably probably be be be more more more compatibility compatibility between the two companies' products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies. 11.According 11.According to to to the the the passage, passage, passage, Apple Apple Apple Computer, Computer, Computer, Inc, Inc, Inc, has has has introduced introduced introduced the the the Mackintosh Mackintosh Mackintosh II II II and and and the the the Mackintosh Mackintosh Mackintosh SE SE SE because because ___________. A)IBM is changing its computer models cintinuously B)it wants to make its machines specialize in specific uses C)it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer market D)it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example 12.Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by _________. A)making its new models capable of running IBM software B)improving the color graphics of its new models C)copying the marketing stratefies of IBM D)giving the customers what they want 13.Apple sells its new computer model at a high price because_______. A)they have new features and functions B)they are more sophisticated than other models C)they have new accessories attached D)it wants to accumulate funds for future research 14.It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by_______. A)copying each other's technology B)incorporating features that make their products distinctive ４C)making their computers more expensive D)making their computers run much faster 15.The best title for the passage would be_______. A)Apple's Effort to Stay Ahead of IBM B)Apple's New Computer Technology C)Apple's New personal Computers D)Apple's Research Activities Questions16 to 20 are based on the following passage: How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the tim cook for themselves (or anyone else). Registered dietitian Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help. "Go for nutrient-dense foods,"she suggests, "foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wh bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a percentage percentage of of of real real real juice-the juice-the juice-the rest rest rest is is is largely largely largely colored colored colored sugar sugar sugar water. water. water. Y Y ou just just can't can't can't compare compare compare the the the value value value of of of these these these foods, foods, foods, the the nutrient-dense ones are so superior,"she emphasizes. Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life-it's the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are bas only one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to sustain, they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients supplied in sufficient amounts or balance. According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that will cure your illnesses, or make you superwoman is a fruitless se As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of mag to replace food. "We need carbohydrates, protein and fat-they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are the m the spark, for the fuel," she explains. "We need them all, but in very different proportions. And if the fuel isn't there, the is useless." 16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that working women _______. A. think cooking is especially complicated B. do not share the same views with registered dietitians C. are busy and not interested in cooking D. are likely to eat healthfully 17. Orange juice is different from orange drink in that _______. A. it contains only a small percentage of real juice B. it is nttural, nutritious and prepared from real oranges C. it is largely orange-colored sugar water D. it produces nothing but calories 18. In paragraph 4, "a fruitless search" means _______. A. an effort with no results B. a search for a diet without fruits C. a research on fruitless diets D. a diet serving as medicine 19. Many women take it for granted, according to the passage, that ______. A. a balanced diet can result in being fat B. staying thin and healthy are both possible C. lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin ５D. vitamins are some kind of substitutions for food 20. By "if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless", the author means _______. A. carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to rsustain a human life B. vitamins and minerals are virtually of no value C. carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and minerals D. without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no use Part II cloze (10%) Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C D. Choose the best one and mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET . When my turn came I was thinking hard about how to jump out properly, and not asking myself whether to jump o Then the green light went up, the man in front of me shot 21 : I clutched the sides of the door-way, 22 the air outside the plane seem to be screeching past. One, two---the dispatcher was beside me 23 with his arm like a boxing referee---then the order to jump, and 24 fixedly ahedad so as not to look down, I wrenched with both arms. The next half-second is 25 which no one who has experienced a first 26 can ever forget, or indeed contemplate calmly, 27 is anyone likely to be able to imagine it merely from a 28 . The parachutist jumps 29 a static atmosphere inside the 30 into the slipstream flowing past outside 31 perhaps 40 to 320 km per hour, and immdediately it seems that a 32 mighty wind or raging torrent has 33 one side of his body. I have never felt so 34 in the power of blind 35 forces, completely beyond the control of my own 36 . To be rolled about and knocked over by waves might feel something like 37 , if you could 38 the sea about you moving at twice the pace of a racing motorist. Then Then suddenly suddenly suddenly there there there was was was a a a hard hard hard tug tug tug at at at my my my shoulders, shoulders, shoulders, and and and the the 39 of of being being being a a a snowflake snowflake snowflake in in in a a a maelstrom maelstrom maelstrom ceased ceased ceased as as abruptly as it had begun. The parachute had 40 . 21. A. up B. down C. out D. away 22. A. when B. as C. for D.while 23. A. shaking B. waving C. signaling D. counting 24. A. looking B. keeping C. seeing D. holding 25. A. nothing B. something C. that D. somewhat 26. A. chance B. time C.jump D. shot 27. A. nor B. either C. scarecely D. hardly 28. A. description B. jump C. referee D. dispatcher 29. A. in B. with C. around D. from 30. A. room B. plane C. space D. body 31. A. from B. between C. within D. at 32. A. growing B. gushing C. rushing D. coming 33. A.struck B. stuck C. stripped D. staked 34. A. hopeless B. helpless C. tearless D. dauntless 35. A.vital B. ocean C. physical D. tidal 36. A. skill B. feat C. parachute D. will 37. A. those B. it C. floating D. diving 38. A. pretend B. dream C. imagine D. fancy 39. A. impression B. sensation C. excitement D. surprise 40. A. opened B. finished C. completed D. broken ６Part III Translation(10%) Directions: There is one short passage below. Translate the passage into Chinese and write down your version on the ANSW SHEET. Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organis and and the the the nature nature nature of of of matter matter matter itself. itself. itself. The The The invention invention invention of of of the the the visible-light visible-light visible-light microscope microscope microscope late late late in in in the the the sixteenth sixteenth sixteenth century century century introduced introduced introduced a a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscopes have provid direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structure. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes x-rays rather light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world. Part IV Wrting (20 Points) Directions: Write an article to an English newspaper discussing laid-off workers and re-employment in China. In your art you should 1) describe briefly the present situation of unemployment. 2) analyze the causes of it. 3) give advice on re-employment. Keys to Reading Comprehension 1.D 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.A10.D 11.C 12.A 13.D14.B15.A16.C 17.B18.A 19.D 20.D (61.A 62.C 63.A 64.D 65.A 66.C 67.A 68.D 69.A 70.B) Writing V ersion Recent Recent years years years have have have witnessed witnessed witnessed a a a steady steady steady rise rise rise of of of unemployment unemployment unemployment rate rate rate in in in China. China. China. On On On the the the one one one hand, hand, hand, factories factories factories are are are either either introducing more automated equipments or simply closing down. On the other hand, more and more workers are being laid The The present present present situation situation situation of of of unemployment unemployment unemployment can can can be be be attributed attributed attributed to to to several several several factors. factors. factors. For For For one one one thing, thing, thing, intense intense intense competition competition competition from from private private and and and foreign foreign foreign enterprises enterprises enterprises is is is reducing reducing reducing many many many state-owned state-owned state-owned factories factories factories to to to bankruptcy, bankruptcy, bankruptcy, which which which renders renders renders a a a large large large proportion proportion proportion of of workers jobless. For another, the arrival of information age and the rapid high-tech development are reshaping the facto workers jobless. For another, the arrival of information age and the rapid high-tech development are reshaping the factor which means that fewer workers will do all the work and thus the unemployment. To solve this problem, the government should try to create more job opportunities for the workers. In the meantime workers themselves will have to "go back to schools" to receive reeducation or training so as to adjust themselves to th requirements of the job market. Keys to cloze 21.c 22.c 23.d 24.a 25.b 26.c 27.a 28.a 29.d 30.b 31.d 32.c 33.a 34.b 35.d 36.d 37.b 38.c 39.b 40.a 。
英语专业考研试题及答案
英语专业考研试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）Passage 1:In the heart of the city stands a monument that has been a symbol of our nation's history. The monument was erected to honor the heroes who fought for our freedom. Over the years, it has become a place where people gather to reflect on the sacrifices made by those who came before us. The monument is not just a physical structure; it is a testament to the courage and resilience of our people.Questions:1. What is the primary purpose of the monument mentioned in the passage?2. How has the monument evolved over time?3. What does the author suggest the monument represents?Answers:1. The primary purpose of the monument is to honor the heroes who fought for the nation's freedom.2. Over time, the monument has become a place for people to gather and reflect on the sacrifices made by those who came before them.3. The author suggests that the monument represents thecourage and resilience of the people.Passage 2:The advancement of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we communicate. With the advent of smartphones and social media, we are now more connected than ever before. However, this constant connectivity has also led to a paradoxical sense of isolation. While we can instantly reach out to others, we often find ourselves feeling more alone.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?2. How has technology impacted our communication methods?3. What is the paradoxical effect of constant connectivity mentioned?Answers:1. The main topic of the passage is the impact of technology on communication and its paradoxical effects.2. Technology has made our communication methods more instant and widespread through smartphones and social media.3. The paradoxical effect is that despite being more connected, there is a sense of isolation and feeling more alone.二、完形填空（共20分）In recent years, the concept of a "work-life balance" has become increasingly important to many people. It refers to the idea of balancing one's work and personal life, ensuring that neither overshadows the other. However, achieving this balance is not always easy. Many individuals find themselves caught between the demands of their job and the needs oftheir family. Despite the challenges, it is crucial to find a balance to maintain overall well-being.Answers:1. balancing2. overshadows3. easy4. caught5. challenges三、翻译（共20分）英译汉：The beauty of nature is a source of inspiration for many artists. It provides a canvas for creativity and a backdrop for imagination.汉译英：随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便捷。
考研英语阅读理解真题答案
考研英语阅读理解真题答案阅读理解在巩固词汇，培养语感，提高英语水平方面有不可替代作用。
下面是店铺跟大家分享的考研英语阅读理解的真题及答案，希望大家喜欢!第一篇：Thirty-two people watched kitty Genovese being killed right beneath their windows. She was their neighbor. Yet none of the 32 helped her. Not one even called the police. Was this in gunman cruelty? Was it lack of feeling about one's fellow man?Not so, say scientists John Barley and Bib Fatane. These men went beyond the headlines to probe the reasons why people didn't act. They found that a person has to go through two steps before he can help. First he has to notice that is an emergency.Suppose you see a middle-aged man fall to the side-walk. Is he having a heart attack? Is he in a coma (昏迷) from diabetes(糖尿病)? Or is he about to sleep off a drunk?Is the smoke coming into the room from a leak in the air conditioning? Is itsteam pipes? Or is it really smoke from a fire? It's not always easy to tell if you are faced with a real emergency.Second, and more important, the person faced with an emergency must feel personally responsible. He must feel that he must help, or the person won't get the help he needs.The researchers found that a lot depends on how many people are around. They had college students in to betested. Some came alone. Some came with one or two others. And some came in large groups. The receptionist started them off on thetests. Then she went into the next room. A curtain divided thetesting roomand the room into which she went. Soon the students heard a scream, the noise of file cabinets falling and acry for help. All of this had been pre-recorded on a tape-recorder.Eight out of ten of the students taking the test alone acted to help. Of the students in pairs, only two out of ten helped. Of the students in groups, none helped.In other words, in a group, Americans often fail to act. They feel that others will act. They, themselves, needn't. They do not feel any direct responsibility.Are people bothered by situations where people are in trouble? Yes. Scientists found that the people were emotional, they sweated, they had trembling hands. They felt the other person's trouble. But they did not act. They were in a group. Their actions were shaped by the actions of those they were with.36. The purpose of this passage is .A) to explain why people fail to act in emergenciesB) to explain when people wil act in emergenciesC) to explain what people will do in emergenciesD) to explain how people feel in emergencies37. Which of the following is NOT true?A) When a person tries to help others, he must be clear that there is a real emergency.B) When a person tries to help others, he should know whether hey are worth his help.C) A person must take the full responsibility for the safety of those in emergencies if he wants to help.D) A person with a heart attack needs the most.38. The researchers have conducted an experiment to prove that people will act in emergencies when .A) they are in pairsB) they are in groupsC) they are aloneD) they are with their friends39. The main reason why people fail to act when they stay together is that .A) they are afraid of emergenciesB) they are reluctant to get themselves involvedC) others will act if they themselves hesitateD) they do not have any direct responsibility for those who need help40. The author suggests that .A) we shouldn't blame a person if he fails to act in emergenciesB) a person must feel guilty if he fails to helpC) people should be responsible for themselves in emergenciesD) when you are in trouble, people will help you anyway第二篇：We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. But most mistakes are about people. Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen? When I got that great job, did Jim really feel good about it, as a friend? Or did he envy my luck? And Paul-why didn't pick up that he was friendly just because I had a car? When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad. But when we look back, it's too late.Why do we go wrong about our friends-or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meaning. And if we don't really listen we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, You're a lucky dog. That's being friendly. But lucky dog? There's a bit of envy in those words. Maybe he doesn't see it himself. But bringing in the dog bit puts you down a little. What he may be saying is that the doesn't think you deserve yourluck.Just think of all the things you have to be thankful foris another noise that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem as part of your life as a whole. But is he? Wrapped up in this phrase is the thought that your problem isn't important. It's telling you to think of all the starving people in the world when you haven't got a date for Saturday night.How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Does what he says agree with the tone of voice? His posture(姿态)? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people to you may save another mistake.26. This passage is mainly about .A)how to interpret what people sayB)what to do when you listen to others talkingC)how to avoid mistakes when you communicate with peopleD)Why we go wrong with people sometimes27. According to the author, the reason why we go wrong about our friends is that .A)We fail to listen carefully when they talkB) People tend to be annoyed when we check what they sayC)People usually state one thing but means anotherD)We tend to doubt what our friends say28. In the sentence Maybe he doesn't see it himself. in the second paragraph, the pronoun it refers to.A) being friendlyC) lucky dogB) a bit of envyD) your luck29. When we listen to a person talking, the most important thing for us to do is .A)notice the way the person is talkingB)take a good look at the person talkingC)mind his tone, his posture and the look in his eyesD)examine the real meaning of what he says based on his manner, his tone and his posture30. The author most probably is a .A) teacherC) philosopherB) psychologistD) doctor>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<第一篇：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A第二篇：1.C 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.B【考研英语阅读理解真题答案】。
考研英语阅读理解答案
考研英语阅读理解答案考研英语阅读理解答案考研英语阅读题量很大，通过历年真题的.比较，很容易发现这个规律，因此，速度和准确率在这类题面前尤为重要。
下面是店铺给大家准备的考研的英语阅读理解题以及答案，欢迎大家阅读练习!第一篇：In order to “change lives for the better” and reduce “dependency” George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the “upfront work search” scheme. Only if the jobless arrive at the job centre with a CV, register for online job search, and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly. What could be more reasonable?More apparent reasonableness followed. There will now be a seven-day wait for the jobseeker’s allowance. “Those firs t few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on.” he claimed. “We’re doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster.” Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the so cially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better, complete with “reforms” to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidizes laziness. What motivated him, we were to unde rstand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”—protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.Losing a job is hurting: you don’t skip down to the jobcentre with a song in your heart, delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state. It is financiallyterrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get. You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life. Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared. Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.But in Osborneland, your first instinct is to fall into dependency—permanent dependency if you can get it —supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood. It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened. The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens. Even the very phrase “jobseeker’s allowance”is about redefining the unemployed as a “jobseeker” who had no fundamental right to a benefit he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions. Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited “allowance,” conditional on actively seeking a job; no entitlement and no insurance, at £71.70a week, one of the least generous in the EU.21.George Osborne’s scheme was intended to.[A]provide the unemployed with easier access to benefits[B]enco urage jobseekers’ active engagement in job seeking[C]motivate the unemployed to report voluntarily[D]guarantee jobseekers’ legitimate right to benefits22.The phrase, “to sign on” (Line 3, Para.2) most probably means.[A]to check on the availability of jobs at the jobcentre[B]to accept the government’s restrictions on the allowance[C]to register for an allowance from the government[D]to attend a governmental job-training program23.What prompted the chancellor to develop his scheme?[A]A desire to secure a better life for all.[B]An eagerness to protect the unemployed.[C]An urge to be generous to the claimants.[D]A passion to ensure fairness for taxpayers.24.According to Paragraph 3, being unemployed makes one feel.[A]uneasy[B]enraged[C]insulted[D]guilty25.To which of the following would the author most probably agree?[A]The British welfare system indulges jobseekers’ laziness.[B]Osborne’s reforms will reduce the risk of unemployment.[C]The jobseekers’ allowance has met their actual needs.[D]Unemployment benefits should not be made conditional.第二篇：All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other profession—with the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. Many of them instead become the kind ofnuisance-lawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average law-school graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Law-school debt means that many cannot afford to go into government or non-profit work, and that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a would-be lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed todo so. Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, non-lawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firmswould reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, have started liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.A lot of students take up law as their profession due to.[A]the growing demand from clients[B]the increasing pressure of inflation[C]the prospect of working in big firms[D]the attraction of financial rewards27.Which of the following adds to the costs of legal education in most American states?[A]Higher tuition fees for undergraduate studies.[B]Admissions approval from the bar association.[C]Pursuing a bachelor’s degree in another major.[D]Receiving training by professional associations.28.Hindrance to the reform of the legal system originates from.[A]lawyers’ and clients’ strong resistance[B]the rigid bodies governing the profession[C]the stem exam for would-be lawyers[D]non-professionals’ sharp criticism29.The guild-like ownership structure is considered “restrictive”partly because it.[A]bans outsiders’ involvement in the profession[B]keeps lawyers from holding law-firm shares[C]aggravates the ethical situation in the trade[D]prevents lawyers from gaining due profits30.In this text, the author mainly discusses.[A]flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes[B]the factors that help make a successful lawyer in America[C]a problem i n America’s legal profession and solutions to it[D]the role of undergraduate studies in America’s legal education>>>>>>参考答案<<<<<<第一篇：21.B22.C23.D 24.A 25.D第二篇：26.D27.C28.B 29.A 30.C。
研究生英语阅读答案.doc
IV. ClozeI.species 2. predictable6. produce7. seeing nobody 12.approved3.unrelate8.also4.differe9.obvious13. apparently 14.humans5.into10.inserte15.risksUnit 1Genetically Modified Foods—Feed the World?(2)Finding it difficult to adapt to the climate there(3)to have no access to the health service(4)an important role in prospering and developing(5)a depression in yield and a reduction in quality(6)could have made a good salary(7)We cannot estimate the value of modem science and technology too much.(8)The insurance company will recoup the farmers for the loss caused by the flood.(9)During the SARS outbreak, the lack of hygiene in poor countries had devastatingconsequences to all people of the world.(10)This University Library is one of the largest Libraries in China, with a stack ofover 2.3 million volumes. It supports the University's research and teaching acrossa full range of subjects, and provides information about the Library's collectionsand services in each subject area.(11)The recession has hit middle-income and poor families hardest, widening theeconomic gap between the richest and poorest Americans as job layoffs ravaged household budgets.(12)China's government declared two strains of genetically modified rice safe toproduce and consume, taking a major step toward endorsing the use ofbiotechnology in the staple food crop of billions of people in Asia. China is the world's top producer and consumer of rice, so its use of modified varieties has the potential to alter the grain's global supply patterns. China's officials have been less constrained by public pressure over the sometimes-controversial use ofbiotechnology in food than officials in other countries. The government has long supported research into agricultural biotechnology as part of a drive to ensure the nation remains self-sufficient in staple crops.Unit 2The Biology of Skin Color: Black and White(2)He was not severely punished for his crime(3)advance our knowledge of the HIV virus.(4)when taken according to the instruction(5)to have no access to the health service(6)He has some vague ideas about what to do(7)After three days of dismay they submitted to him and begged his forgiveness.(8)No sooner had the controversy within the administration been settled than anothermore violent storm burst over the country(9)The UN and its agencies protect vulnerable groups, like children, refugees,displaced persons, minorities, indigenous people and the disabled.(10)A recent research finds that Listening to loud music while driving can seriouslyhamper reaction times and cause accidents.(11)During the SARS outbreak, the lack of effective medicines and doctors haddevastating consequences to all people of the world.(12)When it comes to your skin, there is an extremely important fact that you mustkeep in mind: Your skin is the largest organ of your body. As an obvious result, skin health and maintenance is crucial. Your skin does everything from protecting you from the elements to assisting you with breathing. Your skin keeps your body hydrated and regulates your body's temperature. In the end, this really is only the beginning of all of the various vital functions that your skin provides to you every moment of your life.IV. Cloze1 hard2 surprisingly3 represents4 out5 identify6 within7 damaged8 down9 comes 10 whyUnit 3Can Dirt Do a Little Good?(2)To allow diverse economic sectors to coexist with state economy(3)no place can compare with their own hometown.(4)you are at risk of losing your driver^ license(5)more and more intriguing.(6)the controversy has been settled.(7)The government is making efforts to eradicate racial discriminating.(8)In practical appraisal, the basic premise is to determine the value of the property.(9)The financial market system is being completed, and the distribution andutilization efficiency of social capital have increased steadily.(10)Only when we give full play to man's initiative can we make full use of machinesto transform nature.(11)The era in which the Chinese people were regarded as uncivilized is now ended.We shall emerge in the world as a nation with an advanced culture.(12)Now a Bristol University dental scientist has discovered that a common bacteriaresponsible for tooth decay and gum disease can break out into the bloodstream and help blood clots to form. In turn these can cause heart attacks and strokes,which together cause more than 200,000 deaths in Britain every year. People need to be aware that as well keeping a check on their diet, blood pressure, cholesterol and fitness levels, they also need to maintain good dental hygiene to minimizetheir risk of heart problems.IV. Cloze1. to2. significant3. breast-fed4. who5. hypothesized6. months7. laboratory8. rate9.terms 10. revealed 11.overfeedUnit 4Is Time Travel Possible?(2)With the passage of time(3)the increase in demand results in /causes the rise in prices(4)that education is not complete with graduation(5)make my head swim(6)what had happened by then(7)Science seeks the unity under the chaos of natural phenomena.(8)So what we've done is to dedicate ourselves to saving something of what's left.(9)Indeed a man, whose heart is pretty clean, can indulge in this pursuit with anenjoyment that never ceases.(10)But these tasks will ultimately be restructured to better match user goals in thefinal design.(11)Subsequently, the fine particles are widely dispersed in the atmosphere anddescend to earth very slowly.(12) A Chinese astronaut has made the historic first step in outer space for his country.With the successful spacewalk, China has become the third country, after theUnited States and Russia, to do so. Cheering erupted in the control room whenChinese astronaut Zhai Zhigang opened the hatch of the Shenzhou 7 spacecraft and went outside.IV. ClozeI. called 2. spacecraft 3. revealed 4. feasible 5. unlikely6. colonization7. minerals8. approach9. establishing 10. addedII. available 12. as 13. solving 14. event 15. volunteerUnit 5The End of Email Age(2)the reign of Gorge III.(3)take hold of my hand(4)Thanks to this contract(5)but got stuck in the last one(6)gripe about hospital services(7)All the good stuff in the house belonged to only me, and there were no brothers orsisters to vie with me for my parents* love.(8)As they had been intimate from their earliest youth, the force of habit maintainedpeace between them.(9)Today let's start all over again and figure out just how we are going to market thisproduct.(10)If, by chance, the recipient of the message happens to be online at the time thatyour message is received, a response may be back in just minutes.(11)Don t set your goals by what other people deem important. Only you know whatis best for you.(12)Email can be a great tool in helping us multitask and set our own timetables forcommunicating with friends, family and co-workers. In related research, email may make users feel less responsible for telling the truth, people are more willing to lie when communicating via email than with pen and paper, and feel more justified doing so. This was true regardless of whether the writers were told their falsehood would be discovered by others.IV. Cloze1. Watched2. via3. which4. across5. list6. position7. engine8. with9. substantially lO.onUnit 6Are Cell Phones Safe?(2)particularly in regard to taxation(3)the extent of corruption and abuse of power(4)the risks posed by hazardous materials.(5)The incidence of this disease(6)without the problems posed by global warming(7)Yet there were two main barriers to the enforcement of such regulations.(8)You can narrow the odds of a terrible accident happening in your home by beingmore safety-conscious.(9)Dr. Johnson argued that there is a strong correlation between teenage crime andlow educational achievement.(10)Local authorities have therefore been unable, and unwilling, to part with theirown meagre resources.(11)Microsoft Corp, has filed suit against a Houston computer manufacturer as part ofa nationwide crackdown on software piracy.(12)Studies so far suggest a weak connection between EMFs and illness-so weak thatit might not exist at all. A multinational investigation of cellphones and braincancer, in 13 countries outside the US, has been underway for several years. It's funded in part by the European Union, in part by a cellphone industry group. The final report should come out later this year, but data so far don't suggest a strong link between cellphone use and cancer riskoIV. Cloze1. Purchased 6. causes2. from7.radiati3. worked8.vulnerabl4. since9.absorptiv5.increase10.foundUnit 7Seeing the Earth for Its Faults(2)expose the soldiers to unnecessary risks(3)recoup their investments soon(4)can be attributed to the greed for money(5)be toxic to a child's emotional well-being.(6)to get what you want(7)The above anecdote reminds us that translators and interpreters must be aware ofthe differences between peoples and cultures.(8)This enables Mobile Users to have access to latest enterprise data and applicationsat all times.(9)Most difficult of all is to estimate the volume of storm water likely to flow in adrain / sewer.(10)Advisory committees have a role to play in holding agency administratorsaccountable for the way in which they resolve these questions.(11)They want to stimulate economic growth in the region by offering incentives toforeign investors.(12)66People are evolving more rapidly than in the distant past, with residents ofvarious continents becoming increasingly different from one another.^^ researchers say. Rapid population growth has been coupled with vast changes in cultures and ecology, creating new opportunities for adaptation. The past 10,000 years have seen rapid skeletal and dental evolution in human populations, as well as theappearance of many new genetic responses to diet and disease.IV. Cloze1. Earthquake2. derived3. observed4. unlikely5. largest6. opportunity7. re-evaluate8. showed9. from 10. released 11. make 12.. perspectiveUnit 8Why We Are Fat?(2)speculate on the reasons for this kind of bad thinking.(3)characterized by the intense contrasts of dark and light.(4)hoping that other crew would see it.(5)retained enough authority to manage(6)it provides as large an evaporation area as possible(7)His appetite became ravenous and his caloric intake doubled, yet he lost 10 kg.(8)Why permit such a criminal to speculate on some plan of escape?(9)Obesity is one of the leading causes of accelerated aging, according to Cooper.(10)They had to skimp (on everything) to send their sons to college(11)It is a cliche to say that money can't buy happiness, but the old saying seems to besupported by research.(12)The obesity problem in the US is well documented. While the World HealthOrganization has declared obesity a global epidemic, the US is at the top of the table, with two-thirds of its adults and a fifth of its children overweight or obese.Super-sized, super-sweet sodas are the norm from the corner store to the cinema, and Americans suck down not only those but even 32oz and 64oz servings, atmealtime and as refreshment in the day. The Centers for Disease Control, theofficial public health agency, is urging a reduction in sweetened drinks to reduce obesity, which has been linked to heart disease, stroke, cancer and diabetes.IV. Cloze1. Why2. was3. governing4. at5. kind6. with7. which8. influence9. cancer 10. uponUnit 9The History of UFOs(2)If an unidentified aircraft is spotted(3)has taken 12 years to compile.(4)one per cent inspiration(5)was under way(6)are especially good, comprise the first part of the novel(7)While intelligent people can often simplify the complex, a fool is more likely tocomplicate the simple.(8)It would be appreciated if you could give us a prompt answer to solve the problem.(9)Only products manufactured with sophisticated skill and high in quality can winpraise from numerous customers.(10)Analysts estimate sales could reach $ 300 million a year once regulatory hurdlesare cleared and full marketing gets under way.(11)So the company canceled its initial call for bids and issued a second one, to whichother three companies eventually responded.(12)It can be nice to feel needed - but two men returning home from an evening out inStaffordshire were less than happy when a lemon-headed alien supposedlyappeared beneath a hovering UFO and wanted to take them away. Dashing to their local police station, the terrified men filed a report which ended up with theMinistry of Defense. It can now be found among the many mysterious incidents featured in official UFO files released today.IV. Cloze1. land2. but3. identified4. attributed5. threat6. concluded7. program8. accounted9. evidence 10. howeverUnit 10Video Gamers Can Control Dreams, Study Suggests(2)experience trauma differently(3)I concur with your assessment of the novel(4) a symptom of political instability(5)have the edge over its competitors.(6)arose out of the social injustices(7)The scene of the previous night now came back to his mind with startlingclearness(8) A senior Asian executive asked his American buddy half jokingly whether Asiansor Americans are more prone to corruption.(9)Some of the members have been intriguing to get the manager dismissed.(10)They had announced that they would oppose any attempts of the FederalGovernment to coerce the states.(11)Listening skills allow one to make sense of and understand what another personis saying.(12)Lots of people have had dreams that seem to foretell the future. Somepsychologists attribute this to "retrieval cues o” A retrieval cue is a coincidence in the real world that triggers a dream memory which otherwise would have gone unnoticed o Maybe the real event triggered a recollection of a dream, which not seems like it must have been in your thoughts all along. Coincidences are bound to come up. And if the coincidence acts as retrieval cue, the sense that you predicted something can be pretty convincing... even if it's just a dream oIV. Cloze1. access2. activity3. why4. with5. volunteer6. was7. psychologist 8 .data 9. possible 10. patients。
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Part I Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions: Each of the following passage below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage：In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United states. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling In many areas, the East Coast, especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $ 100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material1.What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A) Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B) Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C) A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D) Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.2.The returned plastic bottles in New York used to _________.A) end up somewhere underground.B) Be turned into raw materials.C) Have a second-life value.D) Be separated form other rubbish.3.The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______.A) to sell them at a profitable price.B) How to turn them into useful things.C) How to reduce their recycling costs.D) To lower the prices for used materials.4.Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because _____.A) local governments find it easy to manage.B) Recycling has great appeal for the jobless.C) Recycling causes little pollution.D) Other methods are more expensive.１5.It can be concluded from the passage that _______.A) rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials.B) Local governments in the US can expect big profits from recycling.C) Recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally.D) Landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective deterrent to murder, while others maintain there is no convincing evidence that the death penalty reduces the number of murders.The principal argument advanced by those opposed to the death penalty, basically, is that it is cruel and inhuman punishment, that it is the mark of a brutal society, and finally that it is of questionable effectiveness as a deterrent to crime anyway.In our opinion, the death penalty is a necessary evil. Throughout recorded history there have always been those extreme individuals in every society who were capable of terribly violent crimes such as murder. But some are more extreme than others.For example, it is one thing to take the life of another in a fit of blind rage, but quite another to coldly plot and carry out the murder of one or more people in the style of a butcher. Thus, murder, like all other crimes, is a matter of relative degree. While it could be argued with some conviction that the criminal in the first instance should be merely isolated from society, such should not be the fate of the latter type murderer.The value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that the death penalty deters murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963, when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate remained between three and four murders for each 100,000 population. Since 1964 the death penalty has been imposed only once, and the murder rate has risen to 10.4 murders for each 100,000 population. The sharp climb in the state's murder rate, which began when executions stopped, is no coincidence. It is convincing evidence that the death penalty does deter many murderers. If the bill reestablishing the death penalty is vetoed, innocent people will be murdered-some whose lives may have been saved if the death penalty were in effect. This is literally a life or death matter. The lives of thousands of innocent people must be protected.6. The principal purpose of this passage is to _______.A. criticize the governmentB. argue for the value of the death penaltyC. speak for the majorityD. initiate a veto7. The passage attempts to establish a relationship between _______.A. the importance of equal rights and that of the death penaltyB. executions and murdersC. the murder rate and the imposition of the death penaltyD. the effects of execution and the effects of isolation8. The author's response to those who urge the death penalty for all degrees of murder would most likely be _______.A. supportiveB. hostileC. rigativeD. friendly9. In the passage the author is primarily concerned with _______.A. supporting a positionB. describing an eventC. analyzing a problem objectivelyD. settling a dispute２10. It can be inferred that the author thinks that _______.A. the veto of the bill reestablishing the death penalty is of little importanceB. the value of the death penalty as a deterrent to crime is not to be debatedC. the death penalty is the most controversial issue in the United States todayD. the second type murderers (in Paragraph 4) should be sentenced to deathQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:The competition among producers of personal computer is essentially arace to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors' role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products,then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competive. Apple Computer, Inc.has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple's major competitors.Apple's new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatibal programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufacturers' new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers captible of runing IBM software is Apple's effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in office, where Apple hopes to increase ers of the Apple can also add accessories to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor's computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics, whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies' products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.11.According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE because ___________.A)IBM is changing its computer models cintinuouslyB)it wants to make its machines specialize in specific usesC)it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer marketD)it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example12.Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by _________.A)making its new models capable of running IBM softwareB)improving the color graphics of its new modelsC)copying the marketing stratefies of IBMD)giving the customers what they want13.Apple sells its new computer model at a high price because_______.A)they have new features and functionsB)they are more sophisticated than other modelsC)they have new accessories attachedD)it wants to accumulate funds for future research14.It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by_______.A)copying each other's technologyB)incorporating features that make their products distinctive３C)making their computers more expensiveD)making their computers run much faster15.The best title for the passage would be_______.A)Apple's Effort to Stay Ahead of IBMB)Apple's New Computer TechnologyC)Apple's New personal ComputersD)Apple's Research ActivitiesQuestions16 to 20 are based on the following passage:How to eat healthfully can be especially complex for working women who often have neither the desire nor the time to cook for themselves (or anyone else). Registered dietitian Barbara Morrissey suggests that a few simple rules can help."Go for nutrient-dense foods,"she suggests, "foods that contain a multiple of nutrients. For example, select whole wheat bread as a breakfast food, rather than coffee cake. Or drink orange juice rather than orange drink, which contains only a small percentage of real juice-the rest is largely colored sugar water. You just can't compare the value of these foods, the nutrient-dense ones are so superior,"she emphasizes.Morrissey believes that variety is not only the spice of life-it's the foundation of a healthful diet. Diets which are based on only one or two foods are not only virtually impossible to sustain, they can be very harmful, she says, because nutrients aren't supplied in sufficient amounts or balance.According to Morrissey, trying to find a diet that will cure your illnesses, or make you superwoman is a fruitless search. As women, many of us are too concerned with staying thin, she says, and we believe that vitamins are some kind of magic cure to replace food."We need carbohydrates, protein and fat-they are like the wood in the fireplace. The vitamins and minerals are the match, the spark, for the fuel," she explains. "We need them all, but in very different proportions. And if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless."16. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that working women _______.A. think cooking is especially complicatedB. do not share the same views with registered dietitiansC. are busy and not interested in cookingD. are likely to eat healthfully17. Orange juice is different from orange drink in that _______.A. it contains only a small percentage of real juiceB. it is nttural, nutritious and prepared from real orangesC. it is largely orange-colored sugar waterD. it produces nothing but calories18. In paragraph 4, "a fruitless search" means _______.A. an effort with no resultsB. a search for a diet without fruitsC. a research on fruitless dietsD. a diet serving as medicine19. Many women take it for granted, according to the passage, that ______.A. a balanced diet can result in being fatB. staying thin and healthy are both possibleC. lack of variety in diets leads to staying thin４D. vitamins are some kind of substitutions for food20. By "if the fuel isn't there, the spark is useless", the author means _______.A. carbohydrates, protein and fat are enough to rsustain a human lifeB. vitamins and minerals are virtually of no valueC. carbohydrates, protein and fat are as important as vitamins and mineralsD. without carbohydrates, protein and fat, vitamins and minerals are of no usePart II cloze (10%)Direction: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark you answer on the ANSWER SHEET .When my turn came I was thinking hard about how to jump out properly, and not asking myself whether to jump or not. Then the green light went up, the man in front of me shot 21 : I clutched the sides of the door-way, 22 the air outside the plane seem to be screeching past. One, two---the dispatcher was beside me 23 with his arm like a boxing referee---then the order to jump, and 24 fixedly ahedad so as not to look down, I wrenched with both arms.The next half-second is 25 which no one who has experienced a first 26 can ever forget, or indeed contemplate calmly, 27 is anyone likely to be able to imagine it merely from a 28 . The parachutist jumps 29 a static atmosphere inside the 30 into the slipstream flowing past outside 31 perhaps 40 to 320 km per hour, and immdediately it seems that a 32mighty wind or raging torrent has 33 one side of his body. I have never felt so 34 in the power of blind 35 forces, completely beyond the control of my own 36 . To be rolled about and knocked over by waves might feel something like 37 , if you could 38 the sea about you moving at twice the pace of a racing motorist.Then suddenly there was a hard tug at my shoulders, and the 39 of being a snowflake in a maelstrom ceased as abruptly as it had begun. The parachute had 40 .21. A. up B. down C. out D. away22. A. when B. as C. for D.while23. A. shaking B. waving C. signaling D. counting24. A. looking B. keeping C. seeing D. holding25. A. nothing B. something C. that D. somewhat26. A. chance B. time C.jump D. shot27. A. nor B. either C. scarecely D. hardly28. A. description B. jump C. referee D. dispatcher29. A. in B. with C. around D. from30. A. room B. plane C. space D. body31. A. from B. between C. within D. at32. A. growing B. gushing C. rushing D. coming33. A.struck B. stuck C. stripped D. staked34. A. hopeless B. helpless C. tearless D. dauntless35. A.vital B. ocean C. physical D. tidal36. A. skill B. feat C. parachute D. will37. A. those B. it C. floating D. diving38. A. pretend B. dream C. imagine D. fancy39. A. impression B. sensation C. excitement D. surprise40. A. opened B. finished C. completed D. broken５Part III Translation(10%)Directions: There is one short passage below. Translate the passage into Chinese and write down your version on the ANSWER SHEET.Each advance in microscopic technique has provided scientists with new perspectives on the function of living organisms and the nature of matter itself. The invention of the visible-light microscope late in the sixteenth century introduced a previously unknown realm of single-celled plants and animals. In the twentieth century, electron microscopes have provided direct views of viruses and minuscule surface structure. Now another type of microscope, one that utilizes x-rays rather than light or electrons, offers a different way of examining tiny details; it should extend human perception still farther into the natural world.Part IV Wrting (20 Points)Directions: Write an article to an English newspaper discussing laid-off workers and re-employment in China. In your article you should1) describe briefly the present situation of unemployment.2) analyze the causes of it.3) give advice on re-employment.Keys to Reading Comprehension1.D2.A3.B4.D5.C6.B7.C8.C9.A10.D 11.C 12.A 13.D14.B15.A16.C 17.B18.A 19.D 20.D(61.A 62.C 63.A 64.D 65.A 66.C 67.A 68.D 69.A 70.B)Writing VersionRecent years have witnessed a steady rise of unemployment rate in China. On the one hand, factories are either introducing more automated equipments or simply closing down. On the other hand, more and more workers are being laid off.The present situation of unemployment can be attributed to several factors. For one thing, intense competition from private and foreign enterprises is reducing many state-owned factories to bankruptcy, which renders a large proportion of workers jobless. For another, the arrival of information age and the rapid high-tech development are reshaping the factories, which means that fewer workers will do all the work and thus the unemployment.To solve this problem, the government should try to create more job opportunities for the workers. In the meantime, the workers themselves will have to "go back to schools" to receive reeducation or training so as to adjust themselves to the new requirements of the job market.Keys to cloze21.c 22.c 23.d 24.a 25.b 26.c 27.a 28.a 29.d 30.b31.d 32.c 33.a 34.b 35.d 36.d 37.b 38.c 39.b 40.a６。