中考英语阅读理解词义猜测题练习及答案

实战练习Passage 1

Tens of thousands of baby penguins face starvation after two giant icebergs broke off the Antarctic ice sheet and blocked their parents’ road to the feeding areas. Adeline and emperor penguins nesting on the Ross island rookeries are now forced to walk long distances over the icebergs to obtain food for their chicks, born during the November-December breeding season.

What does the underlined word “obtain” probably mean?

A. eat

B. get

C. sell

D. buy

Passage 2 A man’s posit ion among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe.

The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text.

A. honor

B. endanger

C. proud

D. shame

Passage 3 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever.

The underlined word “banished” mean_______.

A. killed by stoning

B. sent away

C. imprisoned

D. punished by whipping

Passage 4 My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstick. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. Because the plantation owners were always watching us, I had to be on time every day and work as hard as I could.

What does the underlined word “tedious” probably mean?

A. interesting

B. tiresome

C. relaxing

D. challenging

Passage 5 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.

The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text.

A.protect

B. endanger

C. continue

D. Stop

练习二

1．He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated.

A. get worse

B. improve

C. was recorded

D. developed

2. The young man failed in his experiment. He seemed to have lost all his hope. Just at that time his father came to help him, saying, “ don’t despair, child. If you work harder, you’ll succeed in the end.”

A. to fail in the experiment

B. to help someone

C. to succeed in the end

D. to lost one’s hope

3. There was a talk between an English visitor and a Chinese leader. The visitor could speak nothing but English, and the leader could speak only Chinese. They couldn’t understand each other. How could they talk on ? now came an interpreter, who could speak both Chinese and English. So the talk between the English visitor and the Chinese leader went on with the help of the interpreter.

A. a thing which gives quick translation of words spoken in another language

B. a person who gives an immediate translation of words spoken in anothe r language’

C. a person who can speak nothing but English

D. a person who can speak nothing but Chinese

4. There is a legend that, long ago on Qing-Ming holiday, a young man named Xu Xian was coming back home when suddenly it started to rain heavily. He ran at once to an old tree so as to keep out of the rain. When he reached the tree, he saw a beautiful lady and her servant standing there. The young man and the beautiful lady fell in love with each other at first sight.

A. a letter from England

B. a story from old times

C. a book by Lu Xun

D. a novel by Charles Dickens

5. The young man was bashful that he did not speak to the pretty girl.

A. afraid

B. shocked

C. shy

D. surprised

6. When George Washington was quite a little boy, he chopped down the young tree his father loved best. This made his father very angry. Later, the boy told his father the truth that he had cut down the tree. And this made his father happy.

A. to shop

B.to make

C. to cut

D. to love

7. A group of soldiers were going to fight with the enemy in the village. In order to win the battle the officer had to order two soldiers to go scout the village at night, because he wondered how many soldiers there were in the village, and where the enemy soldiers were hiding.

A. to look for a place to live in

B. to search a place to get information

C. to leave a place for another one

D. to get to a place to attend a meeting

8. Researchers are worried about the increasing pressure on pilots and ground controllers. And increasing collisions, occurring at or near an airport, have called attention to the need for more aids to aviation control.

A. accidents in which two planes hit each other

B. misunderstanding between pilots and ground controllers

C. quarrels among passengers

D. breakdowns of new types of instrument

9. Mrs. White lost his husband not long ago. It is now difficult for the widow to feed a family of four because she has no job and is given only a little money by the government.

A. a window whose glass is broken

B. a woman whose husband is dead

C. a man whose wife is dead

D. a child whose parents are dead

10. His grandfather was a shepherd in those days. His job was to take care of sheep for the landlord. He was made to work long hours, but given little to eat.

A. a person who looks after children

B. a person who looks after sheep

C. a person who works long hours

D. a person who has little to eat

练习三

（1）

An advertisement is just like a Somebody Else says quotation(引语) in a news story. The newspaper does not say that what the advertiser says is true. All the newspaper says is, “This is what the advertiser says.” To find out whether it is true or not will be left to the reader. All the statements in the ads are the advertiser’s statements, not the paper’s.

Q: What does “Somebody Else” in the paragraph refer to?

A. The editor of the paper.

B. The reader of the paper.

C. The author of the passage.

D. The advertiser of the ads.

（2）

Emma had never read it, nor had she ever purchased a copy. But, when she opened it up, she was floored to see her own name and address inside the cover, in her own handwriting. It turned out that the summer before, at a concert back in Montreal, Emma had met a Californian who was in town visiting friends. They decided to exchange addresses, but neither of them had any paper. The man had opened up a book he was carrying in his backpack and asked Emma to write her name and address inside. When he returned to California, he left the book behind in Montreal, and his friend Alex kept it. When Alex later relocated to Jerusalem, he took the now-treasured book along.

Q: What does the underlined word “floored” in the paragraph mean?

A. interested

B. shocked

C. frightened

D. excited

（3）

Oxygen is vital to life; it is needed by the body cells of all animals. It is also very useful in industry. The method Priestley used produces only small quantities. The large amounts needed for industry are produced in a different way. Air is put into containers under great pressure. This turns it into liquid and makes it very cold. It is then gradually warmed up and each substance evaporates at a different temperature.

The boiling point of oxygen is -183°C. It is caught and stored in strong steel cylinders at a pressure of 136 atmospheres. The process is known as fractional distillation.

Q: Which word has the rough meaning of “vital”?

A. important

B. useful

C. helpful

D. interesting

（4）

These different kinds of learning disabilities are known by different names. For example, a person who has difficulty reading may have dyslexia. Someone who cannot do mathematics may have a disorder called dyscalculia(计算困难).

Q: The underlined word “dyslexia” in the paragraph probably means _______.

A. difficulty in seeing

B. problem in reading

C. trouble in listening

D. brain disorder

（5）

A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

Q: What does the underlined word “hassle” probably mean in the paragraph?

A. a party designed by specialists

B. a plan requiring careful thought

C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble

D. a demand made by guests

（6）

And if you’ve gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛), you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with—or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy.

Q: The underlined word “conflict” in the paragraph means .

A. dependent life

B. fierce fight

C. bad manners

D. painful feeling

（7）

“She is ashamed and embarrassed but doesn’t really have any explanation why she did this,” Miss Duff said. “She didn’t intend to steal when she went into the store. She is at a loss to explain it. She is otherwise a very respectable and intelligent young lady .She went to her doctor and asked for advice because she wants to know if there is anything in particular that caused her to do this.”

Q: What does the underlined sentence “She is at a loss to explain it” mean?

A. In her opinion it was a loss to the clothes shops where she stole things.

B. She doesn’t have any idea why she has the desire to steal from shops.

C. She thinks it is a loss for her to explain why she stole things from shops.

D. Personally she feels ashamed and embarrassed for her shoplifting actions.

（8）

One of the best-known sayings must be “Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wisdom”. The promises of health, wealth, and wisdom to those who join the teams of early retirees and rises must be particularly pleasing to many people in our modern society.

Q: The underlined word “ retiree” here refers to_________.

A. people who give up their work

B. people who have a lot of free time

C. people who go to bed

D. people who live in a quiet place

（9）

The reasons for a visit to lighthouse are not all so backward-looking(思想过时的) in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience.

Q: The underlined phrase “out-of-the-way” probably means __________.

A. far-away

B. dangerous

C. ancient

D. secret

（10）

Our own native language and culture are so much a part of us that we take them for granted. When we

travel to another country, it’s as if we carry along with our passports. We view the new environment using our own culture as the standard, and although not purposely, our ways of thinking and acting often get in the way of our understanding other languages and cultures. The ability and willingness to change lenses(视角) when we look at a different culture is both the cure and prevention for such cultural blindness. Studying a new language provides us the opportunities to practise changing lenses when we also learn the context or the culture to which it belongs.

Q: The underlined word “it” in the last sentence refers to __________.

A. the context

B. the culture

C. the language

D. the opportunity

实战练习1-5 BDBBB

练习二1-5 ADBBC 6-10CBABB

练习三

（1）D。根据下文中All the newspaper says is, “This is what the advertiser says.”可推知，文章中的

Somebody Else指的是做广告的人。

（2）B。从上文可知，在一个从未到过的地方，在一本从未读过的书的封面，看到自己亲笔写的姓名和地址，当然感到“震惊”。此处“But”是关键提示。

（3）A。根据下句“氧是所有动物细胞所必不可少的元素”的内容，判断出氧非常“重要”。

（4）B。由下句“Someone who cannot do mathematics may have a disorder called dyscalculia(计算困难).”不能做数学题的人可能患有一种被称为计算困难的疾病可以推断dyslexia的意思为“阅读困难”。

（5）C。通过上下句A child’s birthday party doesn’t have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.可以看出，hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断，答案为C。

（6）B。由破折号后的or可知，前后两句的意思相近，她不想失去或破坏这个友好氛围，否则就又让她回到以前的“冲突”中。答案为B。

（7）B。从上文中她进入商店时并没打算偷窃，以及下文谈到她去看医生可以推知她不知道自己为什么会有偷窃的欲望可知答案为B。

（8）C。根据谚语“Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wisdom”以及retirees 和risers的对比关系不难猜出retiree是“睡觉的人”。

（9）A。由合成词out-of-the-way的字面意思和下句中的isolation一词可知，灯塔通常“孤零零”地呆在一个地方，因此答案为A。

（10）C。本段主要讲述语言和文化的关系。结合最后一句话可知，学习一门新的语言给我们提供一个崭新的视觉，从而使得我们更好地把握语言依附的文化环境。由此知道这里的it指代语言。