2019考研英语长难句精炼与解析整理
2019考研英语 长难句六月份每日一句解析(43)
2019考研英语:长难句六月份每日一句解析(43)
2019考研英语:长难句六月份每日一句解析(43),更多2019考研复习指导等信息,请及时关注点击查看:2019考研英语:长难句六月份每日一句解析汇总
2019考研英语:长难句六月份每日一句解析(43)
(真题Section ⅠUse of English 第3段第1句)
But the pandemic is “moderate”in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization’s director general, with the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the absence of any medical treatment.
译文:但是根据该组织的总干事陈冯富珍的看法,疫情的严重程度是“中等的”,因为绝大多数的患者只出现了轻微的症状,并且常常在没有治疗的情况下也能完全康复。
2019考研英语长难句解析(43)
2019考研英语长难句解析(43)The United States is the most powerful colossus in thehistory of the world: Our nuclear warheads could wipe outthe globe, our enemies tweet on iPhones, and kids worldwide bop to Beyoncé. Yet let’s get real. All this hasn’tbenefited all Americans. A newly released global index finds that America falls short, along with other powerful countries, on what matters most: assuring a high quality of life for ordinary citizens. As Porter notes, Americans generally understand that we face economic impediments such asdeclining infrastructure, yet we’re frozen. We appreciatethat our education system is a mess, yet we’re passive.词汇突破:1. colossus大国2. tweet (动词) 上Twitter3. bop 舞动身体4. falls short 做的不够好5. impediment 障碍6. infrastructure 基础设施建设7. passive 消极应对8. appreciate 理解;了解到9. mess 混乱10. wipe out 消灭句子解析:第一句:The United States is the most powerful colossusin the history of the world: Our nuclear warheads could wipe out the globe, our enemies tweet on iPhones, and kids worldwide bo p to Beyoncé.参考译文:美国是有史以来影响力的大国:我们的核弹头能把整个地球夷为平地,我们的敌人用iPhone上Twitter,全世界的孩子都跟随碧昂斯(Beyoncé)的音乐舞动身体。
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【181-185】
【导语】海阔凭你跃,天⾼任你飞。
愿你信⼼满满,尽展聪明才智;妙笔⽣花,谱下锦绣⽂章;冷静细⼼,发挥如鱼得⽔;⼼想成,努⼒备考,考到理想院校!以下是为⼤家整理的《2019考研《英语》长难句解析【181-185】》供您查阅。
【第⼀篇】(2013年真题 Section Ⅰ Use of English 第4段第1句) Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one before that, then the score for the next applicant would drop by an average of 0.075points. 译⽂:西蒙松博⼠发现,在⼀天中,如果之前的申请⼈分数⽐再前⼀位⾼出0.75分或更多,那么下⼀位申请⼈的得分平均会降低0.075分。
分析:本句的主⼲为Dr Simonsohn found…,此后的部分直到句末为全句的宾语从句,此宾语从句的主⼲结构是the score(主语)+ would drop(谓语)。
同时此宾语从句中包含⼀个由if引导的条件状语从句,此状语从句的主⼲结构为the score(主语)+was(系动词)+0.75 points or more higher…(表语)。
词汇指南 previous ['pri:vjəs](adj.)先前的,以前的;(to)在…之前(CET-4)(2013年-完型)(pre-前,vi=way-路,ous-形容词后缀→前⼈已经⾛过的路——即“先前的,以前的”) candidate ['kændidit](n.)候选⼈;求职应征者,应试者(CET-4)(2005年-阅读1、2009年-阅读2、2011年-阅读2、2013年-完型)(can=chancellor-⼤⾂,did=do-做,ate-动词后缀→将来能做“⼤⾂”的⼈——即“候选⼈”,引申为“求职应征者,应试者”。
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【176-180】
【导语】天空吸引你展翅飞翔,海洋召唤你扬帆启航,⾼⼭激励你奋勇攀登,平原等待你信马由缰……出发吧,愿你前程⽆量,努⼒备考,考⼊理想院校!以下是为⼤家整理的《2019考研《英语》长难句解析【176-180】》供您查阅。
【第⼀篇】(2013年真题 Section Ⅰ Use of English 第1段第2句) At first glance this might seem like a strength that grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by external factors. 译⽂:乍⼀看这似乎是个优点,即给予我们不受外界影响⽽给出公正看法的能⼒。
分析:本句的主⼲结构为:…this might seem like astrength…,其后由that引导的定语从句修饰先⾏词strength,从句中that代替strength做主语,谓语是grants,宾语是 the ability, to make judgments…是ability的后置定语。
之后由which引导的定语从句修饰先⾏词judgments,该从句中are是系动词,unbiased…是表语。
词汇指南 unbiased [ʌn`baiəәst](adj.)公正的,⽆偏见的(超纲词汇)(2013年-完型)(un-否定,bias-偏见,ed-的→公正的,⽆偏见的) 2个派⽣词: ●bias ['baiəs](n.)偏见,成见;偏⼼(adj./ adv.)斜的(地)(vt.)使存偏见(超纲词汇)(2009年-阅读3、2013年-完型)(bi-词根,⼆,as=aside-在旁边;向旁边→站在第⼆个⼈旁边,引申为“偏见,成见;偏⼼”。
) ●biased [ˈbaiəst](adj.)有偏见的(超纲词汇)(2007年-阅读2)(ed-的) external [eks'tə:nl] (adj.)外⾯的,外部的;表⾯的(CET-4)(2013年-完型)(ex-向外,出去,tern=turn-转,al-形容词后缀→转到外⾯去的、向外转的——即“外⾯的,外部的”,引申为“表⾯的”。
2019考研英语语法:长难句例句解析【七篇】
【导语】没有秋霜的锤打,没有秋风的锻铸,秋天的枫叶怎会周⾝红彻?愿你像这⽕红的枫叶,在⽣活的风霜中染成鲜红的颜⾊!以下是为⼤家整理的《2019考研英语语法:长难句例句解析【七篇】》供您查阅。
【篇⼀】 This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home,and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s. 译⽂:他们为这种做法辩解,声称家⾥需要⼥性;于是,陪审团没有⼥性代表的状况持续了整个20世纪60年代。
分析:本句包含由and连接的两个并列句。
第⼀个分句中,主语为This practice,谓语为was justified,后接介宾结构by…解释justified的⽅式,其后接that引导的同位语从句,对claim的内容做进⼀步的说明。
第⼆个分句中,主语it指代前⼀个分句中的This practice,谓语为kept,宾语为juries,后接形容词短语unrepresentative…做宾语补⾜语,对juries的状态进⾏补充说明,最后的through…是时间状语,表⽰kept的时间背景。
【篇⼆】 Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia ,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws. 译⽂:虽然美国法院早在1880年Strauder诉西弗吉尼亚州⼀案中就禁⽌了在陪审团遴选中出现蓄意的种族歧视,但挑选所谓的精英或⼀流陪审团的做法却为绕过这种规定及其他反歧视法律提供了便利。
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】导读:本文2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】,仅供参考,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享。
As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even know their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who resemble our kin.”译文:正如加州大学圣迭戈分校的医学遗传学教授詹姆斯·福勒所说的那样:“大多数人甚至根本不知道自己隔了好几重的远亲,但却总是莫名其妙地选择那些与自己亲戚相似的人做朋友。
”分析:本句是一个主从复合句。
句首是As 引导的方式状语从句;从句中,主语是James Fowler, 谓语是says,中间的professor…Diego是James Fowler的同位语,补充说明其身份。
之后的直接引语部分是主句。
其中,主语是Most people,转折连词but连接了两个并列谓语do not even know和manage,宾语分别是their fourth cousins 和不定式结构to select…kin。
这个不定式结构的自然语序实际上是to selectthe people who resemble ourkinas friends,因为select的宾语较长,所以把as friends移到前面了;关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the people 。
词汇指南select [sə'lekt](v.)挑选,选拔(adj.)挑选的,精选的(n.)被挑选出来的人(或物)(高考词汇)(2008年-阅读3、2012年-阅读1、2013年-完型、2015年-完型)(s-加强语气,elect-选举,推选→ 强调与“选举”如出一辙的表达——即“挑选,选拔”,引申为“挑选的,精选的”和“被挑选出来的人(或物)”。
历年考研英语试题长难句分析(2019英语二)
历年考研英语试题长难句分析(2019英语二)大家还一定要多做梳理,查漏补缺,放眼全局,把复习过以及没复习到的地方梳理一遍,下面传媒研考小编整理了复习资料,希望可以帮助到大家!首先,我们选取以下的长难句翻译试题:Like the majority of authors, he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, but these made him all the more determined to succeed.其次,我们来找非常明确的方法论来处理这个句子。
同学们之前或多或少应该都有所体会,在长难句翻译这里,有一个较为成体系的解题方法:第一步要划分结构,第二步要分析语法,第三步要调整翻译语序再逐字翻译。
如何划分结构?有一些标志来帮助大家:第一种,标点符号如分号、冒号、句号和逗号(分隔较长成分);第二种,连词如并列连词and、but等,以及从属连词如that、what、who 等;第三种,on、in、with等介词短语。
那来实际应用一下。
同学们,我们从前往后看这个句子,在authors这里就出现了第一个标点符号——逗号,此时逗号前的成分较长,我们可以在这里划开一个结构。
继续往下面看,下一个明显的划分标志是and,但此时and并列的两个结构较短,所以没有划分开来的必要。
再下来的明显的划分标志仍然是一个逗号,可以在这划开,但是同学们也可以注意到,逗号后面出现了一个从属连词but,又是一个明显的划分标志,所以在这里划开没有什么问题。
到此,句子结构划分完毕,呈现以下效果:A. Like the majority of authors, //B. he had to suffer many disappointments and rejections along the way, //C. but these made him all the more determined to succeed.再来按照结构分析一下语法知识。
(完整版)2019英语考研长难句解析【五篇】
2019英语考研长难句解析【五篇】导读:本文2019英语考研长难句解析【五篇】,仅供参考,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享。
【第一篇】2019考研英语长难句每日一句解析(71)( 2011年真题Section I Use of English 第3段第1句)Last month,Howard Schmidt,the nation’s cyber-czar,offered the federal government a proposal to make the Web a safer place-a “voluntary trusted identity” system that would be the high-tech equivalent of a physical key,a fingerprint and a photo ID card,all rolled into one.译文:上个月,全国网络专家Howard Schmidt向联邦政府提出了一个加强网络安全性的建议,即建立一个“自愿身份认证”系统,这种高科技手段将有形的钥匙、指纹和带照片的身份证融为一体。
分析:本句的句子结构是Howard Schmidt(主语)+offered(谓语)+ the federal government (间接宾语)+a proposal (直接宾语)。
Howard Schmidt之后的the nation’s cyber-czar是其同位语,对其进行补充说明;a proposal之后的不定式to make the Web a safer place是修饰a proposal的后置定语。
此后破折号之后的信息是a proposal的同位语,对其进行详细说明。
这个同位语中又包含了一个由that引导的定语从句,从句的先行词是system;从句句末的all rolled into one是一个独立主格结构,做伴随状语。
2019考研英语长难句分析(1)
2019考研英语长难句分析(1)People with a grasp of the law ofconservation of energy are, however, skepticalin their turn of these positions and doubt thatthe pause is such good news. They wouldrather understand where the missing heat hasgone, and why- and thus whether the pausecan be expected to continue.考研英语词汇突破:grasp 理解law of the conservation of energy 能量守衡定律Position 观点,态度in their turn 轮到他们be skeptical of sth = don’t believe in sth 质疑某事考研英语参考译文:那些理解能量守衡定律的人也相对应的表达了他们对于以上观点的质疑。
他们不相信这种放缓是一个好消息。
他们知道丢失的热量去了哪里以及为什么会这样,从而知道这次放缓是否可持续The most likely explanation is that it is hiding in the oceans, which store nine timesas much of the sun’s heat asdo the atmosphere and land combined.考研英语参考译文:最有可能的解释就是这些热量藏在了海洋里。
海洋里所储存的太阳的热量是大气和大陆所储存的热量的九倍。
But until this week, descriptions of how the sea might do this have largely comefrom computer models.考研英语参考译文:但是直到这周,对于海洋如何储存更多热量的描述大多来自计算机模型。
2019考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析(150)
2019考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析(150)
2019考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析(150),更多2019考研复习指导等信息,请及时关注点击查看:2019考研《英语》长难句每日一句解析汇总
2019考研英语长难句每日一句解析(150)
( 真题Section ⅡReading Comprehension Part A Text 4 第5段第2句)
But it’s interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “ the Rachel” might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston.
译文:但想想这个问题是很有趣的:我们每周看到的那些没有压力、倍感幸福的父母形象,是不是在以一种细微的、无意识的形式影响我们,让我们对实际情况更加不满呢?就像我们中有一小部分人希望,剪个瑞秋式的发型可能会使她们看起来有一点像珍妮弗·安妮斯顿。
2019考研英语长难句解析(62)
2019考研英语长难句解析(62)1. While still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.2.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.(原文)长难句解析(切分以后:)1.women are still catching-up to men in some spheres of modern life,2.But women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.3.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chiefpsychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.1. Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.2.In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.(原文)长难句解析(切分以后:)1.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that …2. Sex hormones somehow affect the stress response.3. It causes females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.4. In several of the studies, stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed5. Their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.1. Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress.2.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well.3.It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yeh uda.4.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes,5.“it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”(原文)长难句解析(切分以后:)1. Woman’s stress chemic als increase.2. Her “opportunities” for stress increases.3.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well.4. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda.5.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater t han men’s,” she observes,。
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】
2019考研《英语》长难句解析【五篇】As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “Most people do not even know their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who resemble our kin.”所说的那样:“绝大多数人甚至根本不知道自己隔了好几重的远亲,但却总是莫名其妙地选择那些与自己亲戚相似的人做朋友。
”分析:本句是一个主从复合句。
句首是As 引导的方式状语从句;从句中,主语是James Fowler, 谓语是says,中间的professor…Diego 是James Fowler的同位语,补充说明其身份。
之后的直接引语部分是主句。
其中,主语是Most people,转折连词but连接了两个并列谓语do not even know和manage,宾语分别是their fourth cousins 和不定式结构to select…kin。
这个不定式结构的自然语序实际上是to selectthe people who resemble ourkinas friends,因为select的宾语较长,所以把as friends移到前面了;关系代词who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the people 。
词汇指南select [sə'lekt](v.)挑选,选拔(adj.)挑选的,精选的(n.)被挑选出来的人(或物)(高考词汇)(2008年-阅读3、2012年-阅读1、2013年-完型、2015年-完型)(s-增强语气,elect-选举,推选→ 强调与“选举”如出一辙的表达——即“挑选,选拔”,引申为“挑选的,精选的”和“被挑选出来的人(或物)”。
)1个派生词:●selected [si'lektid](adj.)选定的(超纲词汇)(2010年-阅读3)(ed-的)That is what a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has concluded.译文:这是加州大学和耶鲁大学发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的一项研究得出的结论。
2019考研英语长难句分析(24)
2019考研英语长难句分析(24)93. Humans are unique in their capacity to notonly maketools but then turn around and usethem to create superfluous material goods-paintings, sculpture and architecture-andsuperfluous experiences-music, literature,religion and philosophy.94. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to movebeyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.95. Even after the advent of widespread socialmedia, a pyramid of production remains, with asmall number of people uploading material, aslightly larger group commenting on ormodifying that content, and a huge percentageremaining content to just consume.96. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert's appointment in the Times, calls him"an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him."考研英语长难句解析:第93题:【分析】简单句。
2019考研英语长难句解析(51)
2019考研英语长难句解析(51)“We are drowning in information, while starving for wisdom.”“信息很多,智慧很少。
”This sentence captures the dilemma of our era.“这道破了我们这个时代的困境。
”词汇:dilemma 困境Yet the solution of some folks is to disdain wisdom.但一些人给出的应对之道竟是鄙弃智慧。
词汇:distain 鄙弃接着文章给出了这样一些现象的描述,佛罗里达州的州长不觉得人类学家对于这个州有多大的作用;A leader of a prominent Internet company once told me that the firm regards admission to Harvard as a useful heuristic of talent, but a college education itself as useless.某互联网公司的负责人以前告诉我,该公司把哈佛大学的录取通知书当成一个人是否有才的具有启发性的有用依据,但并不认为大学教育本身有什么参考价值。
词汇:heuristic 启发性的依据解析:but后面省略了:firm regards (并列引起省略,这是常见的语言现象.)而家长和学生也是:Parents and students themselves are acting on these principles, retreating from the humanities.学生和家长们正按照这类准则行事,纷纷摒弃人文学科。
词汇:humanities 人文学科解析:retreating 的动作发出者就是:Parents and students;这个部分独立成句就是:Parents and students retreat from the humanities.这里普及一下尝试:Liberal arts = humanities= liberal education 都是表示人文社会科学;具体的翻译不太一样,当然你要是学高等教育学的,你要和我辩论说这三者是有区别的,我也不会搭理你,因为在考研文章中,粗略的分类就是把这三者混在一起说的。
2019考研英语:长难句解析【1-5】
【导语】进步,意味着⽬标不断前移,阶段不断更新,视野不断开阔。
考研频道整理了2019考研英语:长难句解析【1-5】,具体如下:【篇⼀】(2014年真题 Section Ⅰ Use of English 第4段第3句) Most importantly, it constantly modifies and enhances the games you play to build on the strengths you are developing-much like an effective exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use. 译⽂:最重要的是,它能不断地调整和改进你的训练内容,以不断强化你正在训练的能⼒,这与有效的⽇常锻炼要求你加⼤运动阻⼒并多样化运⽤肌⾁⾮常相似。
分析:本句是⼀个复合句,包括⼀个主句和⼀个⽅式状语从句。
主句的主⼲是it(主语)+modifies and enhances(谓语)+ the games(宾语)。
you play是省略了that的定语从句,修饰先⾏词games。
状语to build…表⽰主句谓语的⽬的,其中⼜包含⼀个省略了that的定语从句you are developing,修饰先⾏词strengths。
破折号之后是⼀个由like引导的⽅式状语从句,从句的主语是aneffective exercise routine,谓语是requires,宾语是 you,不定式结构 to increase…是宾语补⾜语。
句⾸的Most importantly是程度状语。
词汇指南 constantly ['kɔnstəntli](adv.)坚定不变地,始终如⼀地(超纲词汇)(2011年-阅读4)(ly-副词后缀) 1个派⽣词: ●constant ['kɔnstənt](adj.)固定的,不变的;持续的,永恒的(⾼考词汇)(2013年-阅读1、2011年-阅读3)(con-完全,stant-词根,站⽴→完全站着的、⼀动也不动的——即“固定的,不变的”,引申为“持续的,永恒的”) modify ['mɔdifai](vt.)修改,更改;缓和,减轻(CET-4)(2003年-翻译、2005年-阅读3)(mod-词根,模式;⽅式,⽅法,ify-动词后缀→源于“修改、更改”都是⽅法上的改变——即“修改,更改”,引申为“缓和,减轻”。
2019年考研英语:长难句练习及解析(21)
2019年考研英语:长难句练习及解析(21)
The comments attributed to Jobs are perhaps no great surprise, not least because Apple is currently pursuing a number of lawsuits against smartphone makers who have opted to use Android—main market rival Samsung being the most notable target.
【核心词汇】
currently ad.当前,现在
purse v.继续,从事
rival n.对手,竞争者
notable a.值得注意的,显著的
target n. 目标,靶子
attribute to认为是……所有,归因于
a number of 很多
【结构分析】
句子主干是The comments attributed to Jobs are perhaps no great surprise,attributed to Jobs(理解难点)为过去分词短语做定语修饰The comments。
Not least because引导原因状语从句,往后引导定语从句,修饰makers, main market rival Samsung being the most notable target为独立主格结构。
【参考译文】这些被认为是乔布斯所发表的评论或许并不十分令人意外,尤其是因为苹果正在针对选择使用安卓系统的那些智能手机制造商发起多项诉讼,其主要的市场竞争对手三星是最显著的被打击对象。
2019年考研英语长难句精选200句(29)
2019年考研英语长难句精选200句(29)Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,状语定语从句perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts主语系动词表语后置定语coverage.译文:在过去的25年中,英文报纸发生的具有最长远影响的变化可能就是艺术报道的范围和严肃性在无可挽回地缩小和降低。
分析:该句的主干为…the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline…,主语中省略了changes,逗号之前是状语,表明比较级的范围,该状语成分中含有一个定语从句that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past修饰先行词changes。
Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,状语定语从句perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts主语系动词表语后置定语coverage.译文:在过去的25年中,英文报纸发生的具有最长远影响的变化可能就是艺术报道的范围和严肃性在无可挽回地缩小和降低。
分析:该句的主干为…the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline…,主语中省略了changes,逗号之前是状语,表明比较级的范围,该状语成分中含有一个定语从句that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past修饰先行词changes。
2019考研英语:长难句练习及解析(45)
2019考研英语:长难句练习及解析(45)In his book The Tipping Point, Malcolm Gladwell argues that “social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected.【核心词汇】epidemic n.流行病,流行传播influential n.有影响力的人persuasive a.劝说的,有说服力的tiny a.微小的,很少的minority n.少数informed a.消息灵通的,见多识广的【结构分析】主干是Malcolm Gladwell argues that。
That引导一个复杂的宾语从句“social epidemics” are driven in large part by the actions of a tiny minority of special individuals, often called influentials who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected,该宾语从句中的谓语动词是被动语态的形式“are driven in large part by”另外,句中的“who are unusually informed, persuasive, or well connected”是一个定语从句,也用来修饰限定前面的名词individuals。
【参考译文】在其《引爆点》一书中,Malcolm Gladwell认为:“社会流行”在很大水准上受到极少数特殊个人行为的驱动,这些人通常被称作有影响的人,他们消息异常灵通、有说服力,或者有良好的联系。
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2019考研英语长难句精炼与解析整理(一)考研英语长难句训练题:1.Yet, in several instances, justices acted in waysthat weaken the court's reputation for beingindependent and impartial.2.That kind of activity makes it less likely that the court's decisions will be accepted asimpartial judgements.3.At the very least, the court should make itselfsubject to the code of conduct that applies to therest of the federal judiciary.4.They gave justices permanent positions so theywould be free to upset those in power and have noneed to cultivate political support.考研英语长难句解析:第1题:【分析】复合句。
主句主干为justices acted。
in severalinstances 和in ways 作状语,that 引导定语从句修饰ways。
【译文】然而,在一些情况下,法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。
第2题:【分析】复合句,主句为That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语,真正的宾语是that 引导的名词性从句。
【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。
【词法拓展】it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间,指代不定式、动名词、从句等,此时,it 无实际意义。
这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面,如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine,suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。
第3题:【分析】复合句。
At the very least在句首作状语,that 引导定语从句修饰the code of conduct。
【译文】至少,法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。
第4题:【分析】复合句。
主句为They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句,从句主干为they would be free...and have no need...。
【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期,以便法官们能自由地推翻当权者,且无需拉拢政治支持。
(二)考研英语长难句训练题:1. Constitutional law is political because it resultsfrom choices rooted in fundamental social conceptslike liberty and property.2.When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it shapes is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust.3. The justices must address doubts about thecourt's legitimacy by making themselvesaccountable to the code of conduct.4. Laughter does produce short-term changes in the function of the heart snd its bloodvessels, boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.考研英语长难句解析:第1题:【分析】复合句。
主句为Constitutional law ispolitical。
because 引导原因状语从句;其中分词短语rooted in... 作定语修饰choices, 介词短语like libertyand property 修饰concepts。
【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的,因此它是政治性的。
第2题:【分析】多重复合句。
主句为the law...is inescapably political。
when 引导时间状语从句;it shapes 为省略引导词的定语从句,修饰the law, it 指代the court; which 引导非限定性定语从句,修饰主句,其中包含why 引导的表语从句。
【译文】当法院处理社会决策时,它适用的法律不可避免地具有政治性--这也就是为什么不同意识形态的决策容易被认为是不公正的而不予考虑。
第3题:【分析】简单句。
句子主干为The justices mustaddress doubts,介词短语about the court'slegitimacy 修饰doubts,by making...作方式状语。
【译文】法官必须通过对行为准则负责来解除人们对于法院公正性的怀疑。
【点拨】1)address 在本句中作及物动词,意为"处理,对付",如:to address an issue 处理问题。
2)accountable to 意为"对...负责"。
3) the code of conduct 意为"行为准则,行为规范"。
第4题:【分析】简单句。
句子主干为Laughter does produce short-term changes。
介词短语in thefunction of...作changes 的后置定语,句末的现在分词短语boosting...作伴随状语。
【译文】"笑"确实能给心血管带来短期的变化,提高心率以及对氧气的吸收。
(三)考研英语长难句训练题:1. But because hard laughter is diffficult to suatain, agood laugh is unlikely to have measurable benefitsthe way, say, walking or jogging does.2. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry because they are sadbut they become sad when the tears begin to flow.3. In an experiment pubished in 1988, socialpsychologist Fritz Strack of the University ofWurzburg in Germany asked volunteers to hold apen either with their teeth-thereby creating anartificial smile-or with their lips, which wouldproduce a disappointed expression.4. Those forced to exercises their smiling muscles reacted more enthusiastically to funnycartoons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, suggeating thatexpressions may inflence emotions rather than just the other way around.考研英语长难句解析:第1题:【分析】复合句。
句首为because 引导的原因状语从句。
主句的主干为a good laugh is unlikely to havemeasurable benefits,主句包含the way 引导的方式状语从句,say 作插入语。
【译文】但是,由于"大笑"很难持续,一场酣畅淋漓的大笑给心血管带来的好处,不可能会像散步和慢跑给心血管带来的好处那样明显可见。
第2题:【分析】复合句。
句首It 为形式主语,真正的主语为that 引导的从句。
从句由but 连接的并列复合句构成,第一个分句包含because 引导的原因状语从句,第二个分句包含when 引导的时间状语从句。
【译文】19世纪末曾有人提到:人类不是因为悲伤而哭泣,而是因为流泪而悲伤。
第3题:【分析】复合句。
句子主干为social psychologistFritzStrack ...asked volunteers to hold a pen...。
句首的介词短语作整句话的状语;either with ...or with... 作动词hold 的方式状语,第一个状语后的现在分词短语作目的状语,第二个状语后which 引导非限定性定语从句。
【译文】1988年发表过一项实验,德国维尔茨堡大学的社会心理学家弗里茨·斯特拉克和他的同事们招募了一批志愿者。
他们让一部分人用牙齿咬住一支笔,从而在脸上制造出"人工笑脸";或是用嘴唇叼着笔,从而产生"沮丧表情"。
第4题:【分析】复合句。
主句为Those... reacted more enthusiastically to funny cartoons,过去分词短语forced to...作后置定语修饰those。
than 引导比较状语从句,该从句中的主语those 由定语从句修饰,因其较长,谓语又因与主句重复而省略为did,所以用倒装语序。
suggeating... 为现在分词结构作结果状语,其中包含that 引导的宾语从句。
【译文】那些用牙齿咬着笔,表现出笑容的人比那些用嘴唇叼着笔、表现出沮丧神情的人在看搞笑的动画片时所作出的反应更丰富。