北京工业大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析
(完整word版)北京大学博士英语考试试题及解析
Part Two：Structure and Written Expression（20%）Directions:For each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably completethe sentence if inserted at the place marked. Mark your choices on the Answer Sheet。
11． Whether the extension of consciousness is a “good thing” for human being is a question thata wide solution.A．admits of B. requires of C. needs of D。
seeks for12．In a culture like ours, long all things as a means of control， it is sometimesa bit of a shock to be reminded that the medium is the message.A．accustomed to split and dividedB．accustomed to splitting and dividingC．accustomed to split and dividingD．accustomed to splitting and divided13．Apple pie is neither good nor bad; it is the way it is used that determines its value。
A。
at itself B。
as itself C。
on itself D。
in itself14． us earlier, your request to the full.A。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。
（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。
北京工业大学考博英语2007真题答案
北京工业大学考博英语2007真题答案Section I Use of English1.A解析：A项affect意思是"影响，感动"；B项achieve意思是"达成，完成"；C项extract意思是"提取，榨出"；D项restore是"恢复，重建".这句话的意思是：他们想通过实验探究车间照明是如何影响工人的生产率的，所以答案是A。
2.B解析：本题考查了固定短语end up的用法，end up意思是"最终成为……"，end和其它三个介词的搭配都无此意，故选B。
3.C解析：本句的大意为：研究最终总结为一个极具影响力的概念-"霍桑效应"，也正是实验所研究的行为改变了工人们的表现。
所以这里应选择C。
4.B解析：作者这里表达的意思是这个问题之所以引起大家的注意是因为工厂女工的行为令人费解。
四个选项中perplexing意为"令人费解的"，所以正确答案为B。
5.C解析：本句的含义是：根据研究描述，当照明灯变亮或变暗时，工人的时产量就会提高。
四个选项中有描述含义的是C项accounts。
6.B解析：这句话的意思是：实验中做什么并不重要。
Do not matter固定表达，故选B。
7.D解析：考查so long as短语，意思是"只有"，句子意思是：只要有改变，生产率就会上升。
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解析：A项awareness意思是"意识"，B项expectation意为"期望"，C 项sentiment意为""观点，意见，D项illusion为"幻觉"，本句的大意是说：工人知到自己本身是被研究对象-这一意识就足以改变他们的行为。
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷8(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．This book will show the readers_____can be used in other contexts.A．how that they have observedB．how what they have observedC．that how they have observedD．that they have observed正确答案：B解析：how what they have observed can be used in other contexts“如何将他们所观察到的应用于其它情况”，what they have observed作宾语从句的主语，how 引出宾语从句，其它三个答案不合句型。
2．Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it_____in Cuba.A．being cultivatedB．been cultivatedC．having cultivatedD．cultivating正确答案：A解析：find后面可以跟现在分词或过去分词的复合结构。
本题中的found it being cultivated是跟现在分词的被动态。
3．One of the requirements for a fire is that the material_____to its burning temperature.A．heatedB．be heatedC．to be heatedD．being heated正确答案：B解析：本题测试虚拟语气。
北京理工大学考博英语模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析)
北京理工大学考博英语模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have______ones.A．similarB．singularC．differentD．separate正确答案：D解析：separate表示“分开的，个别的”，符合句意要求，如：They have gone to separate places．(他们去了各不相同的地方。
)因此答案为D。
知识模块：词汇2．The newspaper did not mention the______of the damage caused by the fire.A．rangeB．levelC．extentD．quantity正确答案：C解析：C项表示“程度，合适”，符合句意。
A项表示“范围”；B项表示“水平”；D项表示“数量”。
知识模块：词汇3．She ______ his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A．inclinedB．declinedC．deniedD．disinclined正确答案：B解析：inclined倾向；declined拒绝；denied否认；disinclined使讨厌，使不感兴趣。
4．The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its ______ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.A．significance inB．imagination atC．resemblance toD．predominance over正确答案：C5．Our modern civilization must not be thought of as____overnight.A．being createdB．having createdC．to be createdD．to have been created正确答案：A解析：think of…as“以为，认为是”，as后面可跟名词、动名词短语或形容词(即省略了being)。
北京工业大学考博英语真题及其精解
北京工业大学考博英语真题及其精解1.If you have been generous to a person for a period of time, it is most likely that the person will take advantage of your generosity and trade on your“weakness”become appreciative of your kindness.A.but notB.let aloneC.rather thanD.instead of2.A poet must not write for the ages past,but for in which he lives and those which are to follow.A.oneB.thoseC.the oneD.that3.There is a delicate balance of nature many square miles of ocean and vegetation and clean air are needed to maintain only a relatively few human beings.A.whereB.in whichC.whenD.how4.There are cases new factories are being put up and beautiful old trees are going to be cut down for a new factory.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.A.whichB.whereC.thatD.when5.Somebody in the next room must be ill,a doctor has just come out.A.becauseB.forC.in thatD.as6.He would always ignore the fact of such a contradiction in his inner thought.A.there to beB.there beingC.it beingD.there having been7.A convenient way is to set the food on a piece of aluminum oil, to the air for half an hour,and then cover it with a dish.A.let it stay openB.let it stayed openC.letting it stay openD.letting it stay opened8.They us willingly but that they happened to be short of hands, too.A.would helpB.would have helpedC.were going to helpD.must have helped9.Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night,no matter what we during the day.A.should have doneB.would have doneC.may have doneD.must have done10.If you are to catch a train,it is always better to be comfortably early than even a fraction of a minute late.A.tooB.veryC.muchD.rather1.Crather than表示对比，在意思上前后形成对照：take advantage of your generosity…rather than become appreciative of your kindness 意为“利用你的慷慨，而不是理解你的好意”。
北京工业大学考博英语真题常见疑难句解析
北京工业大学考博英语真题常见疑难句解析1.Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.(4)虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当程度上阻碍小说事业。
需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
难句类型：复杂修饰解释：本句从句子的结构上来讲，惟一的难度在于and之后的句子的主语talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太长，以至于看到谓语circumvent的时候已经搞不清楚主谓了。
更大的难度恐怕还在于对两个词汇的理解circumvent和enterprise。
我们以前所背过的circumvent有两个词义，一个是规避，一是以计谋战胜，但是这两种意思放到此处都显然不通;其实circumvent有一个我们没有背过的最常用的意思是包围、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企业，这里的指事业。
意群训练：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological，and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.2.As my own studies have advanced，I have been increasingly impressed with the functional similarities between insect and vertebrate societies and less so with the structural differences that seem，at first glance，to constitute such an immense gulf between them.随着我的研究不断深入，我对昆虫和脊椎动物群落之间的功能类似性印象愈来愈深刻，而对结构上的差异印象愈发淡漠，虽然这些结构上的差异初看上去似乎构成了二者间一条无法愈越的鸿沟。
北京工业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句
北京工业大学考博英语必备翻译知识点与例句st summer the drummer became an amateur dramatist dramatically.去年夏天,鼓手戏剧性地变成了业余剧作家.2.Long Tongue League's colleagues are fatigued with cataloguing.长舌联合会的同僚们编目录编累了。
3.The bottle is hidden in the bottom of a ton of cotton the cottage.瓶子被藏在农舍里一吨棉花的底部.需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。
4.The pattern of the battery doesn't matter to the battle against the little brittle cattle.电池的式样对与脆小牛作战无关要紧。
5.By the biography,the biologist's playing the violet violin violently violated rules.据传记记载，生物学家猛奏紫罗兰色的小提琴违犯了规矩.6.In the faithful waiter's waist exists a list of the ten listeners.在忠实的侍者的腰里存有那十位听众的名单。
7.The typist plays Typhoon on the piano in a typical style.打字员以典型的风格在钢琴上演奏“台风”。
8.I pushed aside the crushed cushion in a rush and saw a bushy brush.我急忙推开压皱的软垫子,看见一把浓密的刷子。
北京工业大学考博英语阅读真题精解
北京工业大学考博英语阅读真题精解With the extension of democratic rights in the first half of thenineteenth century and the ensuing decline of the Federalistestablishment,a new conception of education began tocation was no longer a confirmation of a pre existing status,but an instrument in the acquisition of higher status.For a newgeneration of upwardly mobile students,the goal of education was notto prepare them to live comfortably in the world into which they hadbeen born,but to teach them new virtues and skills that would propelthem into a different and better cation became training;andthe student was no longer the gentleman in waiting,but the journeymanapprentice for upward mobility.Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao boying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xundian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.In the nineteenth century a college education began to be seenas a way to get ahead in the world.The founding of the land grantcolleges opened the doors of higher education to poor but aspiringboys from non Anglo Saxon,working class and lower middleclass backgrounds.The myth of the poor boy who worked his waythrough college to success drew millions of poor boys to the newcampuses.And with this shift,education became more vocational:itsobject was the acquisition of practical skills and usefulinformation.For the gentleman in waiting,virtue consisted above all in grace and style,in doing well what was appropriate to his position; education was merely a way of acquiring polish.And vice was manifested in gracelessness,awkwardness,in behaving inappropriately, discourteously,or ostentatiously.For the apprentice,however, virtue was evidenced in success through hard work.The requisite qualities of character were not grace or style,but drive, determination,and a sharp eye for opportunity.While casual liberality and even prodigality characterized the gentleman, frugality,thrift,and self control came to distinguish the new apprentice.And while the gentleman did not aspire to a higher station because his station was already high,the apprentice was continually becoming,striving,struggling upward.Failure for the apprentice meant standing still,not rising.26.Which of the following is true according to the first paragraph?[A]Democratic ideas started with education.[B]Federalists were opposed to education.[C]New education helped confirm people’s social status.[D]Old education had been in tune with hierarchical society.27.The difference between“gentleman in waiting”and “journeyman”is that.[A]education trained gentleman in waiting to climb higher ladders[B]journeyman was ready to take whatever was given to him[C]gentleman in waiting belonged to a fixed and high social class[D]journeyman could do practically nothing without education28.According to the second paragraph,land grant college.[A]belonged to the land owning class[B]enlarged the scope of education[C]was provided only to the poor[D]benefited all but the upper class29.Which of the following was the most important for a “gentleman in waiting”?[A]Manners.[B]Education.[C]Moral.[D]Personality.30.The best title for the passage is.[A]Education and Progress[B]Old and New Social Norms[C]New Education:Opportunities for More[D]Demerits of Hierarchical Society26.【答案】D【解析】推理题。
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comprehension 5. English-Chinese Translation 6. Chinese-English Translation 7. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the ______ peasants.A．animatedB．rebelliousC．creasedD．impassive正确答案：B解析：句意：他似乎不太愿意用他的军队去阻止起义的农民。
rebellious反叛的，反抗的；animated活泼的，生动的；creased有折痕的；impassive冷漠的。
2．The company will ______ to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.A．retainB．alterC．abandonD．adhere正确答案：D解析：句意：该公司将信守协议，不论这一过程的代价有多大。
adhere坚持，与to构成常用词组；retain保持，保留；alter改变；abandon放弃，遗弃。
3．The drug store at the comer of our street sells aspirins and ______ penicillin prescriptions.A．dispensesB．disposesC．dispersesD．dispatches正确答案：B解析：句意：街角上的药店出售aspirins和处方penicillin。
dispose处理；dispense分配，分发；disperse(使)分散，(使)分开；dispatch分派，派遣。
北京工业大学考博英语阅读理解若干篇篇章与问题
北京工业大学考博英语阅读理解若干篇篇章与问题(五)Passage10African-American filmmakers should be in an enviable position,for since the early1990s there has been a steady wave of low budget black films which have turned a solid profit due to a very strong response in the African-American community and a larger crossover audience than anticipated.Any rational business manager would now identify this sector as a prime candidate for expansion,but if the films have done so well with limited production and marketing costs,why have they not received full scale support7Many analysts feel the business is engulfed in a miasma of self-serving and self-fulfilling myths based on the unspoken assumption that Mfrican-American films can never be vehicles of prestige,glamour,or celebrity.The relationship players have convinced themselves that black films can do only a limited domestic business under any circumstance and have virtually no for-eign box office potential.As executives who now control the film industry grew up in those de-cades when there were few black images on the screen and those that did exist were produced by film-makers with limited knowledge of the black community,it is little wonder that they avoid ideological issues,and seek to continue making films that they are comfortable with by avoiding they negative imagery of films they would prefer to eschew entirely.Also to blame for this deleterious phenomenon are legions of desperate and Machiavellian African-American film producers,directors,and writers who would transform The Birth of A Nation into a black musical as long as it would provide them with gainful studio employment. These filmmakers not only perpetuate negative stereotypes in their films,but they also season them with a sprinkling of African-American authenticity.This situation would be onerous enough,given the economic exploitation of the community involved;unfortunately these films also validate the pathologies they depict.The constant projection of the black community as a kind of urban Wild Kingdom,the glamorization of tragic situations,and the celebration of innercity drug dealers and gangsters has a programming effect on black youth.The power of music in film is a particularly seductive and propagandistic force which in the recent crop of African-American films has rarely been used in a positive social manner.What flows from this combination of factors is a policy of market exploitation rather than market development,evidenced by the fact that any number of films may open to1,500screens in one week,only to totally disappear in less than a month.This restricted body of film products erodes the genre’s long-term viability,particularly with the more fickle non-African-American-can audiences and foreign audiences.Furthermore,when African-American actors begin to emerge as stars,their projects are usually designed to be"more"than a black film,such that any success that follows is therefore perceived not as a reflection of the viability of African-American filmmaking but as the broader pursuitof celebrity.46.According to the passage,all wise managers think that___A)the industry of black film would increase in the futureB)the industry of black film would decrease in the futureC)the industry of black film would not receive full scale supportD)the industry of black film is bound to win full scale support47.It is suggested by the analysts that___A)black films can be very successfulB)black films can win prestige,glamour,or celebrityC)black films are mysteriousD)black films can never be the road to prestige48.It can be inferred from the passage that___A)the black community is wildB)the black youth may learn from the films and commit crimesC)the black films reflect the real life of the blackD)the black community is flourishing49.The word"viability"(in line4,para.4)could best be replaced by______A)productivityB)vitalityC)celebrityD)prestige50.This passage mainly discusses______.A)the productivity of black filmsB)the limitations of black filmsC)the myth of American-AfricanD)the prestige of American-African本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
博士英语模拟试题
博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。
北京工业大学2006考博英语7选5(填空式阅读)真题解析-育明考博
北京工业大学2006考博英语7选5(填空式阅读)真题解析Directions:Directions:In the following text,some sentences have beenremoved.For Questions(41-45),choose the most suitable one from thelist A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extrachoices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)On the north bank of the Ohio River sits Evansville,Ind.,homeof David Williams,52,and of a riverboat casino where gambling gamesare played.During several years of gambling in that casino,Williams,a state auditor earning$35,000a year,lost approximately$175,000.He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for$20worthof gambling.He visited the casino,lost the$20and left.On his second visithe lost$800.The casino issued to him,as a good customer,a"FunCard",which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks,and enables the casino to track the user's gambling activities.ForWilliams,these activities become what he calls electronic morphine.41.In1997he lost$21,000to one slot machine in two days.InMarch1997he lost$72,186.He sometimes played two slot machines ata time,all night,until the boat docked at5a.m.,then went backaboard when the casino opened at9a.m.Now he is suing the casino,charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knewhe was addicted.It did know he had a problem.In March1998,a friend of Williams's got him involuntarilyconfined to a treatment center for addictions,and wrote to inform the casino of Williams's gambling problems.The casino included a photo of Williams among those of banned gamblers,and wrote to him a"cease admissions"letter.Noting the"medical/psychological" nature of problem gambling behaviors,the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present Geng duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well?being.42.The Wall Street Journal reports that the casino has24signs warning:"Enjoy the fun…and always bet with your head,not over it".Every entrance ticket lists a toll?free number for counseling from the Indiana Department of Mental Health.Nevertheless, Williams's suit charges that the casino,knowing he was"helplessly addicted to gambling",intentionally worked to"lure"him to"engage in conduct against his will."Well.43.The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders says"pathological gambling"involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of taking risks in quest of a windfall.44.Pushed by science,or what claims to be science,society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moralfailings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities.45.Forty-four states have lotteries,29have casinos,and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on-you might say addicted to-revenues from wagering.And since the first Internet gambling site was created in1995,competition for gamblers'dollars has become intense.The Oct.28issue of NEWSWEEK reportedthat2million gamblers patronize1,800virtual casinos every week. With$3.5billion being lost on Internet wagers this year,gambling has passed pornography as the Web's most profitable business.[A]Although no such evidence was presented,the casino's marketing department continued to pepper him with mailings.And he entered the casino and used his Fun Card without being detected.[B]It is unclear what luring was required,given his compulsive behavior.And in what sense was his will operative?[C]By the time he had lost$5,000he said to himself that if he could get back to even,he would quit.One night he won$5,500,but he did not quit.[D]Gambling has been a common feature of American life forever, but for a long time it was broadly considered a sin,or a social disease. Now it is a social policy:the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is government.[E]David Williams's suit should trouble this gambling nation. But don't bet on it.[F]It is worrisome that society is medicalizing more and morebehavioral problems,often defining as addictions what earlier, sterner generations explained as weakness of will.[G]The anonymous,lonely,undistracted nature of online gambling is especially conductive to compulsive behavior.But even if the government knew how to move against Internet gambling,what would be its grounds for doing so?答案详解41.【解析】[C]从前后文表达的语义来看，前文的第一句话表明了本段的主题He visited the casino,lost the$20and left。
北京化工大学考博英语模拟试题及其解析
北京化工大学考博英语模拟试题及其解析Directions:There are four passages in this section.Each passageis followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each ofthem there are four choices marked A,B,C,and D.You should decideon the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text1Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebratethe fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip.Starting a year ago,MacDonald bartered the clip for increasinglyvaluable stuff,including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat.Having announced his aim(the house)in advance,MacDonald likely gota boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring testof its networking power.“My whole motto(座右铭)was‘Start small,think big,and have fun’,”says MacDonald,26,“I really kept myeffort on the creative side rather than the business side.”Geng duoyuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xiquan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiuqi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was,barter is now bigbusiness on the Net.This year more than400,000companies worldwidewill exchange some$10billion worth of goods and services on a growingnumber of barter sites.These Web sites allow companies to tradeproducts for a virtual currency,which they can use to buy goods fromother members.In Iceland,garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange,earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-services exchange in France offers more than4,600services, from math lessons to ironing。
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．I don’t mind____the decision as long as it is not too late.A．you delay to makeB．your delaying to makeC．you to delay makingD．your delaying making正确答案：D解析：动词mind“介意，在乎”，主要用于疑问句和否定句，后面要求跟动词-ing形式，表示这个一ing的动作是由句子主语发出的；如果-ing的施动者不是句子主语而是另一人，就需用物主代词my／your／his／her等修饰；如果这个另一人以其名字出现(如John／Ann)或以普通名词出现(如the boy/the child)，就以这个名字或名词的主格-ing复合结构作mind的宾语。
2．The speed of communications today, as opposed to____, has greatly altered the manner in which business is conducted.A．one of yesterdayB．those of yesterdayC．that of yesterdayD．the ones of yesterday正确答案：C解析：as opposed to that of yesterday“与昨天的相对比”，that是代词，代替前面刚提到过的名词(特指)，相当于the+名词，以避免重复，此处的that代表前面的the speed of communications，如．My seat was nextto that(=the seat)of the mayor．如果前面的名词是复数，后面就要用those代替，如:The objects of thisgroup were nearly so drastic as those(=the objects)of the republicans．如果前面提到的是可数名词，后面再出现表示泛指意义的这个可数名词单数时可用泛指代词one代替；如果是特指可用the ones代替。
北京工业大学考博英语阅读题解析
北京工业大学考博英语阅读题解析How much pain do animals feel?This is a question which has causedendless controversy.Opponents of big game shooting,for example,arouse our pity by describing tile agonies of a badly-wounded beastthat has crawled into a comer to die.In countries where the fox,thehare and the deer are hunted,animal-lovers paint harrowing picturesof the pursued animal suffering not only the physical distress of thechase but the mental anguish of anticipated death.The usual answer to these criticisms is that animals do not sufferin the same way,or to the same extent,as we de.Man was created witha delicate nervous system and has never lost his acute sensitivenessto pain;animals,on the other hand,had less sensitive systems tobegin with and in the course of millions of years,have developed acapacity of ignoring injuries and disorders which human beings wouldfind intolerable.For example,a dog will continue to play with a balleven after a serious injury to his foot;he may be unable to run withoutlimping,but he will go on trying long after a human child would havehad to stop because of the pain.We are told,moreover,that even whenanimals appear to us to be suffering acutely,this is not so;whatseems to us to be agonized contortions caused by pain are in fact nomore than muscular contractions over which they have no control.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) These arguments are unsatisfactory because something about whichwe know a great deal is being compared with something we can onlyconjecture.We know what we feel;we have no means of knowing whatanimals feet.Some creatures with a less delicate nervous system than ours may be incapable of feeling pain to the same extent as we do: that as far as we are entitled to do,the most humane attitude,surely, is to assume that no animals are entirely exempt from physical pain and that we ought,therefore,wherever possible,to avoid causing suffering even to the least of them.6.Animal-lovers assume that animals,being hunted,would suffer from____.A)a great deal of agony both in body and in spiritB)mental distress once they are woundedC)only body pains without feeling sadD)crawling into the comer to die7.Supporters of game shooting may argue that animals______.A)cannot control their muscular contractionsB)have developed a capacity of feeling no painC)are not as acutely sensitive as human beings to injuriesD)can endure all kinds of disorders8.The author feels sure that_____.A)animals don’t show suffering to usB)dogs are more endurable than human childrenC)we cannot know what animals feelD)comparing animals with human beings is not appropriate9.What is the author’s opinion about animal hunting?A)We should feel the same as the hunted animals do.B)We should protect and save all the animals.C)We shouldn’t cause suffering to them.D)We should take care of them if we can.10.This passage seems to____.A)argue for something B)explain somethingC)tell a story D)describe an object本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
考博英语模拟试题与参考答案及解析3.doc
考博英语模拟试题Part I Cloze (0. 5 x 20 = 10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.The most famous painter in Victoria's history is Emily Carr. When she was a child, she discovered that walking in the woods more to her than playing with other children, and that she was more interested in 2 the streets of old Victoria than playing at home with 3 and spending her time making up.Emily was a cute little girl who spent 4_of her childhood in Beacon Hill Park 5 was very close to her home. Drawing 6 her, and she also liked to play with the pets. She had ducks and chickens, and even 7 a monkey. She was 8 interested in the First Nations people and the Chinese people she saw in Victoria's Chinatown. Their culture and way of dressing seemed so 9 from her own.As she became a young, strong and 10 woman. Emily began to go on long trips into the forests toll and draw what she saw. She loved the free and simple 12 of the First Nations people. In the summer of 1895 she went on 13 with two other women to 14 the wilderness along the Cowichan River that runs through Duncan, 15 north of Victoria.She knew more about their lifestyle and the forests of B. C. than 16 other European woman.When you look at her paintings you can sense the 17 of these dark mysterious forests. Her paintings are now very famous and, 18 the dark colors may not be attractive to some people, they 19 the beauty and mystery of the deep woods and the skill of a great artist. Emily was a very brave and independent woman. She walked through the woods alone, even though she knew that bears and wolves might be her only 201. A. attracted B. appealed C. allured D. induced2. A. dashing B. strolling c. jogging D. roaming3. A. friends B. mates C. dolls D. parents4. A. much B. lots C. more D. many5. A. where B. which C. since D. it6. A. fascinated B. bewildered C. captured D. indulged7. A. fed B. domesticated C. trained D. confined8. A.particularly B. almost C. constantly D. intrinsically9. A. diverse B. various C. distinct D. outstanding10. A. special B. independent C. lonely D. unaided11. A. paint B.record C. describe D. take12. A. society B. work C. lifestyle D. pace13. A. an adventure B. an exploitation C. a tour D. anexpedition14. A. check B. explore C. examine D. search15. A. only B. just C. much D. in16. A. any B. some C. certain D. none17. A. mood B. tone C. taste D. atmosphere18. A. if B. otherwise C. though D. but19. A. evoke B. arouse C. remind D. raise20. A. enemies B. foods C. companions D. friendsII.Reading comprehension （20 x 2 = 40% ）Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions, you are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC."It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation （饱和）point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996 according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from （大不相同于）the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue.-, but their tastes are increasingly diverse — whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population — and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children —has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors.., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.21.What does the passage mainly tell about?A.Fast food disappoints consumers.B. People prefer less expensive food.C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D. Fast food is losing its attraction.22.What can we learn from the passage?A.O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B.The number of supermarkets doubles.C.Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast food.D.McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.23.What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?A.They seek a variety of food.B.They have come of age.C.They will spend more money on food.D.They tend to have luxurious food.24.Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?A.Speed and price of the food.B. Diversity of the food.C. Tastes of the consumers.D. Age of the consumers.25.What brings trouble to fast food industry?A.Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B.The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.petition with retailers and diversity of food.D.Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Passage TwoParents of wailing （哀号）babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean （断奶）them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.'Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. H Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. n All primate infants cry." Maestripieri said. "It*sa very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."26.What can be the most probable title of this passage?A.Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB. Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC. Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD. False Cry27.Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A.Scientists discovered why animal infants cry.B.The difference in the amount of children's cry is somewhat due to genes.C.Babies have a violent reaction to the mother*s ignorance.D.Chimpanzees' annoyance can hardly be alleviated.28.What is implied in Paragraph 4?A.Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers' attention.B.Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.C.Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.D.Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.29.How do the parents respond to babies* cry?A.They come to doubt it.B. They take it seriously.C. They are indifferent to it.D. They are weary of it.30.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the reason for babies* cry?A.Discomfort.B. Hungry.C. Consolation.D. Thirsty.Passage ThreeWhenever I hear a weather report declaring it's the hottest June 10 on record or whatever, I can't take it too seriously, because "ever" really means "as long as the records go back'*, which is only as far as the late 1800s. Scientists have other ways of measuring temperatures before that, though — not for individual dates, but they can ten the average temperature of a given year by such proxy measurements as growth marks incorals, deposits in ocean and lake sediments, and cores drilled into glacial ice. They can even use drawings of glaciers as there were hundreds of years ago compared with today.And in the most comprehensive compilation of such data to date, says a new report from the National Research Council, it looks pretty certain that the last few decades have been hotter than any comparable period in the last 400 years. That's a blow to those who claim the current warm spell is just part of the natural up and down of average temperatures —a frequent assertion of the global —warming-doubters crowd.The report was triggered by doubts about past-climate claims made last year by climatologist Michael Mann, of the University of Virginia (he's the creator of the "hockey stick" graph Al Gore used in "An Inconvenient Truth" to dramatize the rise in carbon dioxide in recent years). Mann claimed that the recent warming was unprecedented in the past thousand years — that led Congress to order up an assessment by the prestigious Research Council. Their conclusion was that a thousand years was reasonable, but not overwhelmingly supported by the data. But the past 400 was — so resoundingly that it fully supports the claim that today's temperatures ale unnaturally warm, just as global warming theory has been predicting for a hundred years. And if there*s any doubt about whether these proxy measurements are really legitimate, the NRC scientists compared them with actual temperature data from the most recent century, when real thermometers were in widespread use. The match was more or less right on.In the past nearly two decades since TIME first put global warming on the cover, then, the argument against it has gone from "it isn't happening" to n it's happening, but it's natural", to "it's mostly natural" —\and now, it seems, that assertion too is going to have to drop away. Indeed. Rep. Sherwood Boehert, the New York Republican who chairs the House Science Committee and who asked for the report declared that it did nothing to support the notion of a controversy over global warming science —a controversy that opponents keep insisting is alive. Whether President Bush will finally take seriousaction to deal with the warming, however,is a much less settled question.31.What does this passage mainly deal with?A.The tendency of earth's becoming hotter.B. The assessment of earth's temperature.C. The menace of global warming.D.The measurement of tackling global warming.32.What is "proxy measurement" in Paragraph 1 likely to refer to?A.Studying the characteristics of glaciers.B.Measuring the growth signs of aquatic organism.C.Taking advantage of previous pictures.ing clues left from the past.33.What does the report from NRC indicate?A.The earth will become warmer.B.It is somewhat suspicious of Michael Mann's assertion.C.The earth reaches the highest temperature in the history.D.The proxy measurements are reliable.34.Which statement is NOT true concerning the controversy about global warming?A.The new report from NRC is motivated by the controversy over Michael Mann's claim.B.Those who doubt global warming consider that warming is a natural phenomenon.C.Those suspicious of global warming take an inconsistent stance on the issue.D.The argument ends in the defeat of global-warming-doubters.35.What is the author's attitude towards global warming theory?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Favorable.D. Neutral.Passage FourA proposed Russian ban on European Union meat exports could jeopardize Russia's aspirations to join the World Trade Organization next year, the EU trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson, warned Friday. He warned that several of the 25 EU member states were growing weary of Russia's trade tactics and could move to block its WTO bid.He emphasized that the European Union supported Russia's WTO accession in principle and that he did not want to link the Russian meat ban to Russia*s WTO prospects ,though EU states could do so. in order to join the organization,Russia must reach agreement with each of the 149 WTO members."Issues like this will affect the attitude of member states toward signing off on accession," Mandelson said. "This is not the only trade irritant between us and Russia — there are at least half a dozen ― and this latest ban is bound to affect the attitude of member states," toward Russia's aim of joining the WTO. n We can't have so many of these trade irritants hanging over us."Mandelson said he would work to get Russia to back off from its current plans to ban all EU animal products as of Jan. 1, which would affect C = $ 1.7 billion, or $ 2. 2 billion, in exports to Russia Moscow has justified the ban on the grounds that Bulgaria and Romania, which will join the European Union on that day, do not have adequate food safety measures. But Mandelson warned that if Moscow refused to back down, it could sour overall trade relations with the European Union, which is already concerned about fair access to Moscow's energy resources. "Russia is acting in a disproportionate way," he said.President Vladimir Putin has made WTO membership one of his key economic objectives. He is keen to improve access to world markets for Russian exports and to provide a lift to the country's neglected aghculrural sector. European resistance would add to reservations by trade negotiators in Washington who want Russia to make more progress on reducing tariffs on U. S. meat imports and protecting intellectual property before joining the world trade body.Trade disputes cast a shadow over the summit meeting, which was supposed to mark the start of talks on a partnership agreement between the European Union and Russia covering energy, trade and human rights. But Poland —in a separate dispute with Moscow over a Russian ban on Polish farm exports — used its veto to stop the talks on Friday.Putin defended the Russian ban after earlier complaining that the European Commission had failed to consult him before agreeing to admit Bulgaria and Romania, whose food safety practices he called into question.EU officials said privately that Putin's stance suggested he was suffering from a Cold War hangover because the former Soviet satellites will soon become EU members.36.What is the theme of this passage?A.Russia conflicts with EU members in meat trade.B.Russia may risk WTO entry with EU meat ban.C.Russia prepares to enter WTO.D.Russia complains about food security of Bulgaria and Romania.37.Which statement is NOT true about EU?A.EU has not signed partnership agreement with Russia.B.EU is disappointed with at Russia*s trade strategy.C.EU wants Russia to cut down on tariffs on its meat imports.D.EU may connect the trade conflict with Russia*s entry into WTO.38.Which word has the similar meaning to "imtant" in Paragraph 3?A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. annoyanceD.interference39.What can be implied from the last paragraph?A.Russia will soon suffer from isolation.B.Russia will soon lose its satellites.C.Former Soviet satellites resist Russia's entering WTO.D.Some EU officials understand Russia's position.40.What is the author's attitude towards Russia?A. Suggestive.B. Prejudicial.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.Part UI Translation (30%)Section A : From Chinese into English (15%)每个人心中都该有个志向，否则他的经历就会被浪费掉。
考博英语模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Sentence Transformation 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionFor farmers hoping for a healthy harvest, the best place to turn for help these days is the Monsanto Corp. One of the world’s leading biotechnology companies and lately a pioneer in genetically engineered seeds--Monsanto has been incorporating flashy traits like herbicide and pest resistance into everything from canola to corn. But such super crops don’t come cheap. Farmers pay a premium for Monsanto seeds, and to make sure they keep paying, the company requires them to sign an agreement promising not to plant seeds their crops produce. If farmers want the same bountiful harvest next year, they must return to the company for a new load of seeds. While this arrangement makes sense for Monsanto, it works only if farmers honor it--something that’s difficult to police in the U. S. and almost impossible in the developing world. Now, however, Monsanto hopes to enforce biologically what it cannot enforce contractually. With the help of clever genes currently in development, future Monsanto crops may be designed with a new feature in mind: sterility (不育). No sooner will the company’s plants mature than the seeds they carry, will lose the ability to reproduce. From Monsanto’s point of view, the set of new genes--which others have nicknamed Terminator--is a perfectly legitimate way to protect their intellectual-property rights. Not everybody agrees. Let the new science take hold, opponents ware darkly, and farmers could find themselves coming to Monsanto, seed cup in hand, paying whatever the company demands before they can plant that season’s crop. Worse still, some doomsday stories suggest, pollen (花粉)from Terminator plants could drift with the wind like a toxic cloud, cross with ordinary crops or wild plants, and spread from species to species until flora all around the world had been suddenly and irreversibly sterilized. No serious scientist thinks anything so disastrous will come to pass. For Monsanto, however, with a technology in its pocket and a fight on its hands, the situation is about as grim as it can get- at least in terms of public relations. “From a marketing perspective, it’s pathological (病态的). This is a question of who controls the seeds of life.”1．Before Terminator, farmers ______.A．are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB．axe often caught by the police replanting the seedsC．can replant the seeds under the permission from MonsantoD．obey the agreements signed with Monsanto正确答案：B解析：在Monsanto发明新品种Terminator之前，第二段提到it works only if farmers honor it—something that’s difficult to police in the U.S.，表明农民们并未按照协议重新购买种子，而是留原来植物的种子，这使得美国警察很苦恼。
考博英语试题及答案
考博英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答1-5题。
In recent years, the number of people who commute to work by bicycle has increased significantly. This trend can be attributed to several factors, including concerns about environmental pollution, the rising cost of fuel, and the desire for a healthier lifestyle. As a result, many cities have invested in bicycle lanes and other infrastructure to support this mode of transportation.1. What is the main reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Environmental concernsB. High fuel costsC. Health benefitsD. All of the above2. What has been the response of cities to this trend?A. They have ignored it.B. They have invested in bicycle infrastructure.C. They have discouraged it.D. They have not taken any action.3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Traffic congestionB. Environmental pollutionC. Rising cost of fuelD. Desire for a healthier lifestyle4. What does the passage suggest about the future of bicycle commuting?A. It will continue to increase.B. It will decrease.C. It will remain stable.D. It is uncertain.5. What type of infrastructure have cities invested in to support bicycle commuting?A. Public transportationB. Bicycle lanesC. Parking lotsD. Highways二、词汇与语法（共30分）Choose the correct word or phrase to fill in the blanks in the following sentences.6. The company has decided to ________ its operations to new markets.A. expandB. contractC. maintainD. abandon7. Despite the heavy rain, the marathon was still held as________.A. plannedB. planningC. to planD. was planning8. The new policy will come into ________ on January 1st.A. effectB. affectC. impactD. influence9. The professor's lecture was so ________ that I couldn't follow it.A. complicatedB. complexC. complicatedlyD. complexly10. She ________ the book to the library yesterday.A. returnedB. borrowedC. lentD. kept三、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentence into English.11. 随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。
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北京工业大学考博英语模拟真题及其解析Directions:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions1-5,choose the most suitable one from the list A―G to fit into each of the numbered blank.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.The attitude that intolerance is an evil is especially strong in Britain,where tolerance has been elevated into the Great National Virtue.1)Listen to any public debate or radio phone-in about Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi immigration and you will hear people reiterating this view.Only the British,they say,would have allowed so many black and brown people into their country,would have treated them so well,given them jobs,put them on the National Health Service,and so on.2)Geng duo yuan xiao wan zheng kao bo ying yu zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi.Their conclusion,of course,gives the game away,for the tolerance they are talking about does not in fact exist but is invented as a justification for present intolerance.3)Tolerance,according to the Oxford English Dictionary,is"the disposition to be patient with or indulgent to the opinions and practices of others"and "freedom from bigotry or undue severity in judging the conduct ofothers".Can we honestly claim to be more lavishly bestowed with these attributes than people of other nations?I do not think so.4)But this does not mean they are particularly indulgent to other people's behaviour.Do anything out of the ordinary―give a party, for example―and your neighbours will soon begin to bare their teeth. Try starting a business or opening a restaurant in a predominantly residential area,and all hell breaks loose.The British tend to be very critical of continental drivers,whom they accuse of uncontrolled aggressiveness.But while British drivers may be rather more reliable about sticking to the rules of the road, they are dangerously intolerant of other drivers who,in their view, are doing things they shouldn't be doing.5)In fact,I am much more frightened of British drivers than I am of French or Italian ones, for you can at least be reasonably confident with the latter that, unlike the British,they are not prepared to die―and take you with them―in order to prove a point.[A]I myself may sometimes be incompetent or a bit too pushy as a driver but I have often been a victim of verbal abuse and terrifying revenge manoeurres quite out of proportion to any offence that I may have committed.[B]We believe ourselves to be unique among nations in our generosity of spirit and our readiness to put up with all kinds of people.[C]What is called tolerance may often be just unassertiveness ortimidity,for it is true that most English people do not relish public rows or confrontations and will go to some lengths to avoid them.[D]I will exclude from my reproof the animal sentimentalists and those who consistently reject cruelty in any form.[E]It is a thoroughly hypocritical posture which makes one wonder whether British claims to being especially tolerant have any validity at all.[F]British attitudes to bad habits like smoking and drinking also tend to be intolerant and are getting more so.[G]And this,they conclude,is why no more of them should be allowed in.答案及详解1.B。
这句话的意思是说“我们认为我们宽宏大量的态度和愿意容忍各种人的行为的想法在各国之中是独一无二的”，可见，这句话是用来承接第一句的，进一步说明宽容已上升为英国的一种伟大的国家美德。
2.G。
文章的第二段开头就指出，那个结论，使英国人的宽容之说露出了马脚（give the game away），那么当然在那之前，应该说明他们的结论到底是什么。
3.E。
这句话的意思是“这是一种彻头彻尾的虚伪姿态，这种姿态使人们怀疑，英国人所声称的特别能容忍的说法是否能站得住”这也是用来承接前一句的，因为前面已经说明“他们所说的宽容并不是实际存在，而是编造出来为观念的偏狭辩护的”。
4.C。
这句话的意思是“究竟什么是宽容有时也是不确定的，因为事实上大部分英国人并不愿意在公众中争吵和对抗，并且会尽量避免它们”。
这里应注意下一句中的转折词“But...”，可见，它是将这句话进行了否定，并例举了几个例子。
“这并不意味着他们能够容忍人们的行为”这样就正好呼应上了。
5.A。
这句话的意思是“（作为一个司机），有时我自己可能不太够格或者有点莽撞，但我经常遭到辱骂和可怕的报复，这对我可能犯过的过失而言，未免太过分了”，从文章的最后一段我们看出，全段都在讲述英国人对司机的严厉与偏狭，而这里插入这样一个例子，正好说明了问题。
F。
这句话是说英国人对那些嗜烟酗酒的人的态度将更不能容忍，这句话是对的，可是在全文中没有涉及，故不能选填。
D。
这句话的意思是“我不谴责那些同情动物者和那些一直反对任何形式的对动物的残酷行为的人”，这也从一个侧面反映了英国人对动物的冷淡，但同样没有在全文中提及，故不能选填。
中心思想本文论的是英国人的“宽容”，可是它从多个角度，多个方面，论证了英国人宽容的虚伪性，揭露了他们宽容的本质。
本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。