第二章汉译英词语的翻译
新概念英语第二册单词汉译英
第 13 页
n.平原 Lesson 44 n.森林 n.危险,冒险 n.野餐 n.边缘 n.带,皮带 n.所有 n.呼吸 n.(常用复数)内有的物品 v.修理 Lesson 45 a.无罪的,不亏心的 n.良心,道德心 n.皮夹,钱夹 n.存款 n.村民 百分之… Lesson 46 v.卸(货) a.木制的 ad.非常,极其 v.发生 v.使惊讶 n.堆 n.羊毛的 n.(常用复数)货物,商品 v.发现
第 16 页
a.带电的,充电的 n.消防队员 v.引起 n.原因 v.检查 ad.意外地,偶然地 n.尸体,残骸 n.电线 n.伏特(电压单位) 电力线 v.解决 n.谜 v.抓住 n.电火花 Lesson 54 a.粘的 n.手指 n.馅饼 v.混合,拌和 n.面糊 a.恼人的 n.电话的话筒 v.失望,泄气 v.认出,听出 v.说服,劝说 n.乱七八糟 n.门把手 v.签字 v.挂号邮寄
第 25 页
Lesson 73 纪录保持者 n.逃学的孩子 a.缺乏想象力的 n.惭愧,羞耻 v.搭便车旅行 n.其间 n.卡车 n.边界
Lesson 74 n.舞台灯光 n.预防措施 n.狂热者,迷 a.遮荫的 n.司法长官 n.告示 n.冷笑 Lesson 75 a.厚的 n.信号 v.跺,踩 n.直升飞机 n.现场 n.幸存者 Lesson 76 n.傻瓜 n.亲闻简报
第 9 页
Lesson 32 ad.曾经,以前 n.诱惑 n.物品,东西 v.包裹 ad.仅仅 v.逮捕 Lesson 33 n.黑暗 v.解释,叙述 n.海岸 n.暴风雨 prep.接近 n.岩石,礁石 n.海岸 n.灯光 ad.在前面 n.峭壁 v.挣扎 n.医院 Lesson 34 n.(警察)局 ad.相当,非常 Lesson 35 n.一段时间 v.后悔 ad.非常 v.冲
英语课文第二章翻译
2. 优雅的⽼老去—改变你的情绪1. 有时候情绪似乎会成为我们享受美好⽣生活的⼀一种障碍。
⽆无论我们觉得悲伤、⽣生⽓气、或是!⽆无聊,情绪似乎在我们的所作所为中都扮演着重要的⾓角⾊色/起着很⼤大的作⽤用。
确实,很多⼈人认为情绪是产⽣生⾏行为的唯⼀一因素。
但是我们不能⽌止步于此,为何不问⼀一下是什么促成了某种情绪?情绪的产⽣生并⾮非是随机的/⽆无理头。
事实上情绪是你正遭遇事件的⽣生理反应。
换⾔言之,情绪和⾏行为的结果是由你周围事件⽽而引起的。
因⽽而,如果你真想改变你的感受,你就需要改变那些引发你情绪的环境。
2. 时不时的陷⼊入恐慌并⾮非不正常。
你可能啥事⼉儿都不想做,只是坐在电视机前,甚⾄至坐上!好⼏几个⼩小时,这只会让你的⼼心情更忧郁/糟糕。
如果你真的对改变你的⼼心情感兴趣,那你就需要起⾝身并且开始⾏行动。
⽐比如:散散步;看看你周围的世界;观察花草树⽊木;感受落在你脸上的阳光。
这也许是我们能提供给你的最重要/有⽤用的建议。
散步会让你⼼心情好些。
但如果不想散步,那⾄至少找⼀一些你感兴趣的活动。
去看场电影,去参观博物馆,和朋友共进午餐,或者,是的,去购物吧。
做那些事很简单⽽而⼜又愉快,并会使你的⼼心情变好些。
3. 如果你经常对⾝身边的每件事情渐渐缺乏兴趣的话,对改变你低落的情绪⽽而做些什么就尤!为重要了。
对你周围的事⼉儿缺乏兴趣有可能是⼤大量的碰巧在你⾝身边同时发⽣生的事情导致的结果。
⽐比如:在你退休后你可能会经历⼀一些事情。
如果你还没计划好退休(后做些什么),那你可能会发现不再有早晨早起的理由了。
你也许会经历不再属于⼀一个集体⽽而产⽣生的失落感。
再⽐比如,如果你还没计划好接受⽣生活中这样⼀一个戏剧性的变化,你会发现你⽆无法打发新的⽣生活。
结果,你会觉得郁闷。
像这样的不开⼼心的感觉是危险信号,它表明你需要改变⼀一下你所处的环境了。
因为你⽩白天很少有事情做,早上闹醒并且看到时间六点钟会使你不开⼼心吗?通过增加⾝身体的锻炼和智⼒力的锻炼以便你能够整个⽩白天忙于其中能解决这个问题。
英语翻译第二单元 Unit 2
第二单元Unit 2方法和技巧(1)Methods and Skills (1)口译的方法和技巧因其内容、要求、对象、场合的不同而不同。
为了准确、完满地传达说话人的原意,译员要根据具体情况,选择适当的方法,灵活运用各种不同的技巧,提高口译的表达效果。
口译的方法和技巧可概括为以下几种:一、直译汉英两种语言属于不同的语系,在语言结构、表达方式、修辞手段和思维方式等方面都有各自的不同特点。
但是,两种语言在词汇、句子结构、语序和文化内涵等方面又有一定的对等性。
直译就是利用这种对等关系,口译时,在保证准确传递说话人原意的前提下尽量使原语在词语、句子结构和语序上与译入语保持一致。
对等直译法是口译中最基本、最常用的方法,同时也是最有效、最实用、最简便的方法。
以下英语的汉译就是利用这种对等关系直译的。
(1) Today, technology has made us all virtual neighbors.今天,科技使我们所有国家实际上成为邻邦。
(2) As you build a new China, America wants to build a new relationship with you;We want China to be successful, secure and open, working with us for a more peaceful and prosperous world.当你们建设一个新中国的时候,美国希望同你们建立一种新型关系,我们希望中国成功、安全、开放、同我们一起为一个更加和平、繁荣的世界而工作。
(3) In the 21st century----your century----China and the United States will face the challenge of security in Asia.在二十一世纪——你们的世纪——中美两国要面对亚洲安全问题的挑战。
unit2课文翻译
unit2课文翻译第一篇:unit 2 课文翻译Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, and talk? And drive on their own? This may sound like a dream, but the computer revolution is set to turn it into a reality.能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话的智能汽车?还能自动驾驶?这听起来或许像是在做梦,但计算机革命正致力于把这一切变为现实。
Smart Cars智能汽车Michio Kaku米其奥•卡库Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业,也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century.There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people.Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车,或者说每10人就有1辆车。
八年级英语Unit 2 词语解释与延伸
Unit 2 Section A1.matter n 事情问题差错(1) We have a lot of matters to talk about.我有许多事要谈。
* It doesn‘t matter. 没关系。
用于接受别的人歉意。
(2)- I‘m, sorry I‘m late. –It doesn‘t matter.对不起我迟到了。
没关系。
* What‘s the matter? 与What‘s wrong? What‘s your trouble ?你怎么了?该句用于询问对方的身体状况,也是医护人员询问病人病情时的常用语。
(3)-What‘s the matter, Granny ? –I want to see my husband in hospital ,but I can‘t find its address. .老奶奶,你怎么了?我想去看我生病住院的。
* Wha t‘s the matter with somebody ? = What‘s wrong with somebody?某人怎么了?某人得了什么病?(4)-What‘s the matter with you? –I have a bad headache.你怎么了?我头痛得厉害。
(5)-What was the matte with her yesterday ? –She caught a bad cold.昨天她怎么了?她换了重感冒。
* What‘s wrong with something? 某物出了什么故障?(6)-What‘s wrong with your watch? - It doesn‘t work.你的表出了什么毛病?坏了。
(7)He has a sore throat. What‘s wrong with him?2. have a cold 患感冒have a bad cold 患重感冒- What‘s wrong with you? – I have a bad cold .- How are you feeling now ? - I‘m feeling much better.3. stomachache 胃痛腹痛肚子痛have a stomachache 胃痛= have a pain in the stomach have a bad stomach 胃痛得厉害(1)-I‘m not feeling well at th e moment .- What‘s wrong?- I have a bad stomachache..此刻我感觉不舒服。
unit2 单词和课文翻译
Unit2共 78 个单词Marco Polo['pəuləu]马可·波罗latitude['lætitju:d]n.纬度voyage['vɔiidʒ]n.航海;航行mercy['mə:si]n.仁慈;宽恕;怜悯at the mercy of[æt ðəˈmɜ:sɪɒv]受……支配encyclopedia[en,saikləu'pi:djə]n. 百科全书 alongside[ə'lɔŋsaid]prep.靠着;沿着 adv.在旁边,沿着边exploration[ɪk'splɔ:reiʃn]n.探险;探测minimum['mɪnɪməm]adj.最小的;最低的celestial[si'lestjəl]adj.天上的pole[pəul]n.地极;柱;杆equator[i'kweitə]n.赤道horizon[hə'raizən]n.地平线;视野overhead['əʊvəhed]adj.在头上的seaweed['si:wi:d]n.海草;海藻nowhere['nəʊhweə]adv. 离岸的;海面上的outward['autwəd]adj.外面的;向外的tide[taid]n.潮;潮汐;潮流;趋势secure[si'kjuə ]adj.安全的;可靠的knot[nɒt]n.结 vt.打结 log[lɔg]n.原木;木材;航行日志 nautical['nɔ:tikəl]adj.海上的;航海的 nautical mile['nɔ:tikəl mail]海里magnetic[mæɡˈnetɪk]adj.磁的;有磁性的bearing circle['bεəriŋ 'sə:kl]方位圆random['rændəm]adj.任意的;随便的astrolabe['æstrəleib ]n.古代的天体观测仪;星盘 awkward['ɔ:kwəd]adj.难使用的;笨拙的reference['refrəns]n.参考quadrant['kwɔdrənt]n. 象限;四分仪precise[pri'sais]adj.精确的;准确的simplify['simplifai]vt单一化;简单化portable['pɔ:təbl]adj.轻便的;手提的;便携的 shortcoming['ʃɔ:tkʌmɪŋ]n.缺点;短处sextant['sekstənt]n.六分仪update[ʌp'deit]vt.更新tendency['tendənsi]n.趋向;倾向reliable[ri'laiəbl]adj.可靠的;可信赖的Samuel['sæmjuəl]塞缪尔swoop[swu:p]vi.突降;猛扑parcel['pɑ:səl]n.小包;包裹peck[pek]vt.&vi.啄食cliff[klɪf]n.悬崖;峭壁expedition[,ekspi'diʃən]n.远征;探险(队)compulsory[kəm'pʌlsəri]adj.必须做的;必修的 reform[ri'fɔ:m]n.改革;革新survival[sə'vaivəl]n.生存;幸存Captain Bligh['kæptin blai]布莱船长Tahiti[tɑ:'hi:ti]n. 塔希提岛(位于南太平洋)incident['insidənt]n.事件;事变departure[di'pɑ:tʃə]n.出发;离开crew[kru:]n.(轮船、飞机等上的)工作人员,(工作)队deposit[di'pɔzit]vt.放;(把钱)存入银行dilemma[di'lemə]n.进退两难的局面drawback['drɔ:bæk]n.缺点;障碍dusk[dʌsk]n.薄暮;黄昏routine[ru:'ti:n]n.常规;日常事务reckon['rekən ]Vt.计算;估计reckoning['rekəniŋ]n. 计算;估计starvation[stɑ:'veiʃən]n.挨饿;饿死psychology[sai'kɔlədʒi]n.心理学psychologically[,psaikə'lɔdʒikəli]adv.心理上地;心理学地tension['tenʃən]n. 紧张;不安;张力gradual['grædjuəl]adj.逐渐的;逐步的gradually['grædjuəli]adv.逐渐地;逐步地foresee[fɔ:'si:]vt.预见;预知thirst[θɜ:st]n.渴;口渴Timor['ti:mɔ:]帝汶岛(位于东南亚)set loose[set lu:s]出发;开始tear[tɪə; teə]vt扯破;撕破hardship['hɑ:dʃip]n.困苦;艰难jaw[dʒɔ:]n.颚;颌;下巴jaws of death[dʒɔ:z ɔv deθ]鬼门关;死神Greenland['ɡri:nlənd]格陵兰(位于北美洲东北部,世界第一大岛)Shetland Islands['ʃetlənd 'ailənds]设得兰群岛(位于英国苏格兰北部)the Faroe Islands[ði feərəu 'ailənds]法罗群岛(位于丹麦北大西洋)roar[rɔ:(r)]Vt&Vi.咆哮;轰鸣background['bækgraund]n.背景;后台选修九Unit2 Sailing the oceans海洋航行We may well wonder how seamen explored the oceans before latitude and longitude made it possible to plot a ship's position on a map. 我们很可能感到奇怪,在经纬度被用来在地图上标出船只位置之前,海员是如何对海洋进行探索的。
英汉翻译教程unit2英译汉
Unit 2England before the industrial Revolution工业革命前的英国状况The country was a place(乡村)where men worked f rom dawn to dark, and the labourer lived not in the sun, but in poverty and darkness.在乡村,人们从早到晚都在不停的干活,这些在田野间劳作的人们,并非沐浴在阳光之下,而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。
The country a place : 是表语,表达主语的性质,功能,特点Work : avoid ambiguity from dawn to dark :aliiteration 从早到晚the labourer : 在田间劳作的人们lived in the sun : 沐浴在阳光下but in poverty and darkness. 穷困潦倒,暗无天日What aids there were to lighten labour were immemorial, like the mill, whichThere were what aids to lighten labour 整个句子主语(系表结构)was already ancient in Chaucer’s time.能够减轻人体力劳动力的机器早就有了。
例如:磨坊,早在乔叟的年代就不是什么新鲜的事了(乔叟13世纪中后期)。
Definition 下定义法What aids: n. 什么帮助lighten labour ---lessen 减轻劳动immemorial :不知道从哪个年代都有了The mill:磨坊was already ancient in + 时间time :在某个时代早就不是什么新鲜事了The industrial revolution began with such machines; the millrights were the engineers of t he coming age.这些机器都标志着工业革命的开始;这些最早搭建磨坊的工匠们,就成为工业革命时代的缔造者。
Unit 2 汉译英单词表
Unit 2
1.打扫或清除干净(词组)
2.使变得高兴;振奋起来(词组)
3.分发;散发(词组)
4.义务做;自愿做v 自愿者n
5.想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等)(词组)
6.推迟(词组)
7.标志;信号 n 8.通知、通告n注意到;意识到v 9.分发(词组) 10.打电话给某人;征召(词组)
11.曾经...;过去...(词组) 12孤独的;寂寞的 adj.
13.照顾;非常喜欢(词组) 14.几个;数个;一些pron.
15.强烈的;强壮的adj 16.感觉;感触 n
17.满足;满意 n 18.高兴;愉快 n
19.物主;主人 n 20.参加...选拔;试用(词组)
21.尤指长途旅行;行程 n 22.募集;征集 v
23. 午夜、子夜 24.独自;单独 adv
25.修理;修补 v 26.修理;装饰(词组)
27.赠送;捐赠(词组) 28.(外貌或行为)像
29.破损的;残缺的adj. 30.车轮;轮子 n
31信;函n 32. 女士;小姐 n
33.建起;设立 34.丧失能力的;有残疾的adj. 35.影响;有作用(词组) 36. 瞎的;失明的adj.
37.聋的adj. 38. 想象;设想 v
39.困难;难题 n 40.开;打开 v
41.门 n 42.拿;提;扛 v
43. 训练;培训 n 44. 激动地,兴奋的
45. 训练、培训v. 46. 仁慈;善良n
47. 聪明的;聪颖的adj. 48. 理解;领会 v
49. 变化;改变 v n 50. 兴趣;关注 n
使感兴趣使关注v
51. 先生 n 52. 夫人;女士 n。
Unit2课文翻译和词汇汇总讲义高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性
高中英语选必四U2课文翻译和词汇一、课文翻译Effective communication有效沟通If you heard someone shout, “Hey you!” from across the room, how would you react? Just these two words can carry much information.They could be interpreted as a welcoming greeting from a close friend, especially if accompanied by a gentle smile.When spoken by a stranger, they can function as a means of attracting your attention.Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them.So, let’s look a little deep er into the topic of communication.如果你听到有人喊:“嘿,你! ,你会有什么反应? 仅仅这两个词就能传达很多信息。
这句话可以被理解为来自亲密朋友的欢迎问候,尤其是伴随着温柔的微笑。
当陌生人和你说话时,它们可以作为一种吸引你注意力的方式。
我们交流的内容不仅取决于我们使用的词语,还取决于我们如何使用它们。
所以,让我们更深入地了解一下沟通这个话题。
Communication is the exchange of information between a sender and a receiver.The sender encodes a message and sends it face to face, or through video,telephone, mail or social media.This message is then received and decoded by the receiver.In response, the receiver sends an encoded message back, which is referred to as feedback.This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entirecycle repeats itself until they have finished communicating.沟通是发送者和接收者之间的信息交换。
Unit 2-1翻译
They quickly lighted Kerosene flares to signal the SOS. 他们迅速点燃满是煤油的喇叭裤,让火焰发出SOS求救信号。 他们很快点燃了煤油的闪光装置,向SOS发射求救信号。 他们赶快点着煤油灯,发出求救信号。 This veteran of two world wars traveled light through life and
单句练习: He wrestled with the crossword clue for ages before light finally dawned. The workers and the employers look at difficulties in quite a different light. They quickly lighted Kerosene flares to signal the SOS. This veteran of two world wars traveled light through life and left little behind. 段落练习:
Homer sometimes nods. 智着千虑,必有一失 Take French leave 不辞而别 It was another one of those Catch-22 situations.
You’re damned if you do and you’re damned if you don’t. 这真是又一个左右为难的尴尬局面,做也倒霉, 不做也倒霉。
大学英语精读2 各单元课后汉译英翻译
Unit11) It is wrong to raise our children the way we grow flowers in the greenhouse. We must expose them to all social problems because very soon they will be dealing with them as responsible citizens.我们像在暖房里种花那样养孩子是错误的。
我们必须让他们接触各种社会问题,因为不久他们就将作为公民来应对这些问题。
2) As time goes on we are inevitably going to get more and more involved in international affairs. And conflicts are sure to occur because there always exist different views and interests between nations.随着时间的推移,我们不可避免地会越来越多的卷入国际事务。
而冲突必然会发生,因为国家之间总有不同的观点和利益。
3) We are proud of our accomplishments, and we have reason to be. But we must never become arrogant. Otherwise we will lose our friends.我们为我们的成就而骄傲,我们有理由感到骄傲。
但是我们永远不能变的狂妄,不然我们就会失去我们的朋友。
4) Information is now easily available. An average computer can store the information of a small library信息现在唾手可得。
商务翻译英译汉 Unit (2)
• 一种出口干电池的商标叫“白象”,英译成“White Elephant”。殊不知a white elephant是条固定的英文短 语,意为“沉重的负担”(a burdensome possession) 或“无用而累赘的东西”(useless)。“蜜蜂”牌洗 澡香皂被直译为“Bees”。这是完全对应的英译,但英 文读者却不欢迎这个译名,因为蜜蜂身上有几乎看不见 的绒刺,擦在身上自然感觉不到舒服。马戏牌扑克牌被 音译成“Maxipuke”也是符合翻译技巧和原则的。但这 个汉语拼音牌名正好是两个英义词“Maxi”(=very large or particularly big特大的)和“puke” (=vomit 呕吐物,催吐剂;令人作呕的人成物)的集合。人们玩 扑克无疑多为娱乐,起名“马戏”对中国人来说是个很 理想的名字。可英国人对此译名却可能是望而却步。它 不仅不给人以快乐的感觉,反而令人感到恶心。
Unit 2
Ugly Is Only Skin-deep
《商务英语翻译》 (英译汉)
【Translation】
It may not be much to look at. But beneath that humble exterior beats an air-cooled engine. It won’t boil and ruin your piston rings. It won’t freeze over and ruin your life. It’s in the back of the car for better traction in snow and sand. And it will give you about 29 miles to a gallon of gas. • After a while you get to like so much about the VW②, you even get to like what it looks like. • You find that there’s enough legroom for almost anybody’s legs. Enough headroom for almost anybody’s head. With a hat on it. Snugfitting bucket seats. Doors that close so well you can hardly close them. They’re so airtight, it’s better to open the window a crack first! • Those plain, unglamorous wheels are much suspended independently. So when a bump makes one wheel bounce, the bounce doesn’t make the other wheel bump. It’s things like that you pay $1585 for, when you buy a VW. The ugliness doesn’t add a thing to the cost of the car. • That’s the beauty of it.
unit2 知识点单词解释
Unit 21.elevator n. 电梯;= lift2.petrol n. <英>汽油=gasapartment n.公寓住宅=flat;3.official adj. 官方的 n.______ 办公室 n. ______ 官员4. native adj. 本土的本国的 (+to) ______n. 本地人本国人___________e up 走近(come over );上来;提出发生(happen ).出现(appear)发芽,,升起come about 发生 come across 偶遇碰到 come up with 提出 come down下降 come out 出版开花*come up “被提出“主动表示被动” ---主语是被提出的内容---*come up with“提出”---主语是人,6.actually adv. 实际上;事实上=in fact =as a matter of factadj._______7.baxxxxse vt. 以……为根据 n. 基部;基地;adj. _____基本的baxxxxse A on B A以B为基础 /A be baxxxxsed onB A建于B基础之上basis n.基准,准则,缘由on the basis of 在...基础之上8.at present 现在;目前=at the present time =now1)present n.礼物;2)adj.出席的,在场,后置定语,be present at 出席--- be absent from缺席 (absent---n._______) _______n.在场,3)adj. 当前的,现在的,前置定语,置于名词之前。
_______monitor4) vt. 赠送呈献(with)present sth to sb = present sb with sth 向某人赠送某物a bunch of flowers.一束鲜花8.gradual adj. 逐渐的;逐步的adv.________逐渐地;逐步地9.make use of 利用;使用make the best /most of =make full /good use of =take advantage of充分好好利用come into use 开始使用bring /put ...to use 加以使用It’s/There’s no use doing ...做...没有用与make有关的短语:make friends with 和…交朋友make fun of 取笑make a decision 作出决定make a face/faces 扮鬼脸make progress in 在…取得进步make a choicetter adj. 较后的;后半的;(两者中)后者的常与the连用,“the former…,the latter…”。
高中英语必修2单词互译
高中英语必修2单词表Unit 1一、汉译英1、adj.文化的2、n. 遗物;遗迹;纪念物3、adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;贵重的4、adj. 贵重的;有价值的5、vi. 幸免;幸存;生还6、n. 花瓶;瓶7、n. 朝代;王朝8、泰姬陵9、n.象牙10、n. 龙11、n.琥珀;琥珀色12、寻找13、腓特烈.威廉一世(普鲁士国王)14、n.(史)普鲁士(位于北欧)15、vt.使吃惊;惊讶16、adj .令人吃惊的17、vt. 挑选;选择18、n. 蜜;蜂蜜19、 n.设计;图案;构思 vt.设计;计划;构思20、adj.奇异的;异样的 vt.想象;设想;爱好21、n. 风格;风度;类型22、v. 装饰;装修23、n. 珠宝;宝石24、n. 艺术家25、vi.属于;为...的一员26、属于27、彼得大帝28、作为报答;回报29、n.沙皇30、n. 群;组;军队31、n.圣彼得堡(俄罗斯城市)32、n. 接待;招待会;接收33、处于交战状态34、vt. 移动;搬开35、少于36、adj. 木制的37、 n.怀疑;疑惑 vt.怀疑;不信38、n. 神秘;神秘的事物39、n.哥尼斯堡(俄罗斯港市Kaliningrad的旧称)40、波罗的海41、adj. 以前的;从前的42、prep.值得的;相称于…的价值 n.价值;作用 adj.[古]值钱的43、vt. 重建44、adj. 本地的;当地的45、adv. 分离地;分别地46、adv. 拆开47、列宁格勒(苏联城市)48、n. 绘画;画49、n. 城堡50、温莎城堡(英国著名城市)51、n. 审判;审讯;试验52、n. 目击者;证人53、n. 根据;证据54、简。
哈兹克(男名)55、捷克共和国(东欧国家)56、vi.爆炸57、n.入口58、n. 水手;海员;船员59、 vi.下沉;沉下60、汉斯。
布朗(男名)61、n. 少女;女仆62、n. 柏林(德国首都)63、安娜。
Unit2词汇及翻译
Unit 21.studies show that if a working environment is pleasant研究表明,如果工作环境舒适,生产率会提高。
2. Private(私人) space travel is a relatively(相当地) newIt’s difficult at the moment to assess(评价) its effects.私人太空旅行是一个相对新的现象。
一下子很难评价他的作用。
3. All of us need to build up relationships with others unless we choose to我们都需要建立与他人的关系,除非我们选择住与世界完全隔离的地方。
4. Since sending her child to the kindergarten, she has been delighted(很高兴) to see a change in boy’s character; he seems less self-centered(以自我为中心的) now.自从送孩子到幼儿园以来,她高兴地看到男孩的性格逐渐改变,他很少以自我为中心。
5.As an active environmentalist(环保主义者), Davis has earned areputation(名声) as an outspoken(直言不讳of any kind of nuclear waste dumping(倾销) at sea.戴维斯作为一个积极的环保主义者,他反对向大海倾任何形式的原子能废物,并以这样的反对者的身份而赢得声誉。
6. Quills (羽毛球)were the chief(主要的) writing tool from the 6thcentury until the of steel pens in the mid 19th century.从公元6 世纪以来羽毛笔是主要书写工具,,直到在19 世纪中叶问世的钢笔。
单词解释 unit 2 英译英
启诺国际教育Chino International Education Group课文生词英译英解释Unit 1. ( High 1 --- Word Explanation )34. amusing --- An amusing person or thing makes you laugh or smile.35. energetic --- An energetic person has a lot of energy. Energetic activities require a lot of energy.36. intelligent --- ADJ An intelligent person has the ability to think, understand, and learn things quickly and well. intelligent --- ADJ Something that is intelligent has the ability to think and understand instead of doing things by instinct.37. nervous--- ADJ If you are nervous, you are worried and frightened, and show this in your behaviour.nervous--- ADJ A nervous person is very tense and easily upset.nervous--- ADJ BEFORE N A nervous illness or condition is one that affects your mental state.38. organized --- ADJ BEFORE N An organized activity or group involves a number of people doing something together ina structured way, rather than doing it by themselves.organized --- ADJ People who are organized work in an efficient and effective way.39. patient --- N-COUNT A patient is a person who is receiving treatment from a doctor or who is registered with a doctor.organized --- ADJ If you are patient, you stay calm and do not get annoyed, for example when something takes a long time.40. serious --- ADJ Serious problems or situations are very bad and cause people to be worried or afraid.serious --- ADJ Serious matters are important and deserve careful thought.serious --- If you are serious about something, you are sincere about it, and not joking.serious --- ADJ Serious people are thoughtful, quiet, and do not laugh very often.41.shy --- ADJ A shy person is nervous and uncomfortable in the company of other people.shy --- ADJ & VERB If you are shy of doing something, or if you shy away from doing it, you are unwilling to do it,often because you are afraid or not confident enough.shy --- VERB When a horse shies, it moves away suddenly because something has frightened it.42. strict --- ADJ A strict rule or order is very precise or severe and must be obeyed absolutely.strict --- ADJ A strict person does not tolerate behaviour which is not polite or obedient, especially from children.strict --- ADJ BEFORE N The strict meaning of something is its precise meaning.strict --- ADJ BEFORE N You use strict to describe someone who never does things that are against their beliefs. For example, a strict vegetarian never eats meat.43. impression --- N-COUNT Your impression of someone or something is what you think they are like. Your impressionof a situation is what you think is going on.impression --- N-SING If someone or something gives a particular impression, they cause you to believe that something is the case, often when it is not actually the case.impression --- N-COUNT If you do an impression of someone, you imitate their voice or manner in an amusing way.impression --- N-COUNT An impression of an object is the mark that it has left after being pressed hard onto a surface.44. avoid --- VERB If you avoid something unpleasant that might happen, you take action in order to prevent it fromhappening.avoid --- VERB If you avoid doing something, you make a deliberate effort not to do it.avoid --- I avoid working in places which are too public...avoid --- VERB If you avoid someone or something, you try not to have contact with them.avoid --- VERB If a person or vehicle avoids someone or something, they change the direction they are moving in, so that they do not hit them.45. hate --- VERB & N-UNCOUNT If you hate someone or something, or if you have feelings of hate towards them, youhave an extremely strong dislike for them.hate --- VERB You can use hate in expressions such as `I hate to say it' and `I hate to tell you' when you want to express regret about what you are about to say.46. incorrectly --- Something that is incorrect is wrong or untrue.47. completely --- ADJ If something is complete, it contains all the parts that it should contain.completely --- ADJ You use complete to emphasize that something is as great in degree or amount as it possibly can be.completely --- VERB If you complete something, you finish doing or producing it.completely --- ADJ AFTER V-LINK If a task is complete, it is finished.completely --- VERB To complete a set or group means to provide the last item that is needed to make it a full set or group.completely --- VERB To complete a form means to write the necessary information on it.completely --- PHRASE If one thing comes complete with another, it has that thing as an extra or additional part. 48. PHRASE --- If one thing comes complete with another, it has that thing as an extra or additional part.PHRASE --- N-COUNT --- A phrase is a short group of words that are used as a unit and wPHRASE --- VERB --- If you phrase something in a particular way, you say or write it in that way.PHRASE --- PHRASE --- If someone has a particular turn of phrase, they have a particular way of saying or writing something.49. appreciate --- VERB If you appreciate something, you like it because you recognize its good qualities.appreciate --- VERB If you appreciate a situation or problem, you understand it and know what it involves.appreciate --- VERB If you say that you appreciate something someone has done for you, you mean that you are grateful for it.appreciate --- VERB If something appreciates over a period of time, its value increases.appreciate --- Houses will appreciate in value.50.scientific --- VERB If you appreciate something, you like it because you recognize its good qualities.scientific --- VERB If you appreciate a situation or problem, you understand it and know what it involves.scientific --- VERB If you say that you appreciate something someone has done for you, you mean that you are grateful for it.scientific --- VERB If something appreciates over a period of time, its value increases.51. literature --- N-UNCOUNT Novels, plays, and poetry are referred to as literature.literature --- N-UNCOUNT Literature is printed information about something.52. loudly --- ADJ & ADV If a noise is loud, the level of sound is very high and it can easily be heard. Someone orsomething that is loud produces a lot of noise.loudly --- PHRASE If you say something out loud, you say it so that it can be heard, rather than just thinking it.loudly --- ADJ If someone is loud in their support or condemnation of something, they express their opinion very often and in a very strong way.loudly --- ADJ If you describe a piece of clothing as loud, you dislike it because it is too bright and tasteless.53. wave --- VERB & N-COUNT If you wave or wave your hand, or if you give a wave, you move your hand from side toside in the air, usually in order to say hello or goodbye to someone.wave --- VERB If you wave someone somewhere, you make a movement with your hand to indicate that they should move in a particular direction.wave --- VERB If you wave something, you hold it up and move it rapidly from side to side.wave --- N-COUNT A wave is a raised mass of water on the sea or a lake, caused by the wind or the tide.wave --- N-COUNT A wave is a sudden increase in a particular feeling, activity, or type of behaviour, especially an undesirable or unpleasant one.wave --- N-COUNT Wave is used to refer to the way in which things such as sound, light, and radio signals travel.wave --- See also new wave54. joke --- VERB & N-C If you joke, or if you make a joke, you say something amusing or tell a funny story to makepeople laugh.joke --- N-SING If you say that someone or something is a joke, you mean that they are ridiculous and not worthy of respect. [INFORMAL]55.Summary --- N-COUNT A summary is a short account of something giving the main points but not the details.Summary --- ADJ BEFORE N Summary actions are done without delay and without careful consideration.[FORMAL]56. respect --- VERB & N-UNCOUNT If you respect someone, or if you have respect for them, you have a good opinionof their character or ideas.respect --- VERB & N-UNCOUNT If you respect someone's wishes, rights, or customs, or if you show respect for them, you avoid doing things that they would dislike or regard as wrong.respect --- See also respected57. grade --- VERB If something is graded, its quality is judged or classified.grade --- N-COUNT he grade of a product is its quality.grade --- N-COUNT Your grade in an examination is the mark that you get.grade --- N-COUNT Your grade in a company or organization is your level of importance or your rank.grade --- N-COUNT In schools in the United States, a grade is a group of classes in which all the children are of a similar age.grade --- PHRASE If someone makes the grade, they succeed, especially by reaching the required standard.[INFORMAL]58. headmaster --- A headmaster is a man who is the head teacher of a school. [BRITISH]59. headmistress --- A headmistress is a woman who is the head teacher of a school. [BRITISH]60. period --- N-COUNT A particular period is a particular length of time.period --- ADJ Period costumes, furniture and instruments were made at an earlier time in history, or look as if they were made then.period --- N-COUNT When a woman has a period, she bleeds from her womb. This usually happens once a month, unless she is pregnant.period --- N-COUNT In American English, a period is the punctuation mark () which you use at the end of a sentence when it is not a question or an exclamation. The British term is full stop61. revision --- VERB If you revise something, you alter it in order to make it better or more accurate.revision --- VERB When you revise for an examination, you read things again in order to learn them thoroughly.[BRITISH]62. translation --- VERB If something that someone has said or written is translated, it is said or written again in adifferent language.translation --- VERB To translate one thing into another means to convert it into something else.63. translation --- 1. VERB If something that someone has said or written is translated, it is said or written again in adifferent language.translation --- VERB To translate one thing into another means to convert it into something else.64. timetable --- 1. N-COUNT A timetable is a plan of the times when particular events are to take place.timetable --- N-COUNT A timetable is a list of the times when trains, boats, buses, or aeroplanes arrive at or depart from a place.65. topic --- A topic is a particular subject that you write about or discuss.66. vacation --- . N-VAR In American English, a vacation is a period of time when you are not working and are away fromhome for relaxation. The British word is holiday.vacation --- N-COUNT A vacation is a period of the year when universities or colleges are officially closed.67. revise --- VERB If you revise something, you alter it in order to make it better or more accurate.revise --- VERB When you revise for an examination, you read things again in order to learn them thoroughly.[BRITISH]68. discipline --- N-UNCOUNT Discipline is the practice of making people obey rules or standards of behaviour, andpunishing them when they do not.discipline --- VERB If someone is disciplined for something that they have done wrong, they are punished for it. discipline --- N-UNCOUNT Discipline is the quality of being able to behave or work in a controlled way.discipline --- N-COUNT A discipline is an area of study, especially a subject of study in a college or university.[FORMAL]69. relationship --- N-COUNT The relationship between two people or groups is the way they feel and behave towards eachother.relationship --- N-COUNT A relationship is also a close friendship between two people, especially one involvingromantic or sexual feelings.relationship ---N-COUNT The relationship between two things is the way in which they are connected.70.formal --- ADJ Formal speech or behaviour is correct and serious, rather than relaxed and friendly, and is used especiallyin official situations.formal ---ADJ BEFORE N A formal statement, action, or event is an official one.formal ---ADJ BEFORE N Formal education or training is given in a school or college.71. relaxed --- VERB If you relax, or if something relaxes you, you feel calmer and less worried or tense.relaxed --- VERB When your body or a part of it relaxes, it becomes less stiff, firm, or tense.relaxed --- VERB If you relax your grip on something, you hold it less tightly than before.relaxed --- VERB If you relax a rule, you make it less strict.72. similarly --- ADV You use similarly to say that something is similar to something else.similarly ---ADV You use similarly to say that there is a correspondence or similarity between the way two things happen or are done.。
第二章汉译英词语翻译
第二章汉译英词语翻译
英国翻译理论家皮特·纽马克将语言功能分为六类:
(1)信息功能(informative function),传达信息。如:他 是我哥哥。
(2)表情功能(expressive function),表达感情。如:这里风 景多美啊!
(3)祈使功能 (vocative function), 使读(听)者作出文本 所期望的反应。如:请坐。
taking another.
我银行里为你挂个名,你白天去走走,晚上教教我 儿子,一面找机会,好不好?
I’ll put you on the payroll at the bank. You can drop in during the day and in the evening tutor my son while looking for a job. How’s that?
第二章汉译英词语翻译
英军胜利地登上了小岛。 他对事情的进展情况也还满意。 他是我父亲。 这姑娘是漂亮。 此人是书就读。 是可忍,孰不可忍? 是古非今 知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
第二章汉译英词语翻译
1 说来话长。 2 他的名字我一时说不上来。 3 你连续三天没交作业,这可说不过去。 4 他两岁就学会看表了。 5 我能看出你在想什么。 6 你要是觉得这东西还看得过去,就买下来吧。 7 那是万万不行的。 8 我万万没有想到。 9 那位司机听不懂我说的话。 10 他懂礼貌。 11 干部必须懂政策。
第二章汉译英词语翻译
汉英词语的指称意义翻译大致可分为四种方法: ➢ 直译法 ➢ 意译法 ➢ 音译法 ➢ 音译和意译结合法
第二章汉译英词语翻译
直译法
直译法是指在不违背英语文化传统的前提下,在英 译文中完全保留汉语词语的指称意义,求得内容与 形式相符的方法。
第二章 广告的翻译
Appeals 广告诉求
Rational Appeals Function/usage low cost / high quality use / convenience progress – new & improved scientific evidence / testimony / statistics Emotional appeals: safety, fear, love, humor, joy, happiness, pride, self esteem, pleasure, comfort, ambition health / beauty / perfect figure / youth romance / sex luxury / elegance brand loyalty scarcity/popularity – bandwagon
Alliteration & Rhyme
Advertising English
1. 2. 3. 4.
Hi-Fi, Hi-Fun, Hi-Fashion, only from Sony. Alliteration The choice is yours / The honour is ours. Antithesis A happy ending starts with a good beginning. Rhyme branches. (bank)
产品促销文体
企业传播文体
Structure of an Advertisement
Headline Body Text Slogan
Example
例1. 茅台酒 正文:贵州茅台38%既保持了酱香浓郁、典雅细致、协调
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❖ 东方时空—Oriental Time and Space ❖ 人与自然—People and Nature ❖ 音乐桥—Music Bridge ❖ 与你同行—Going Along with You ❖ 环球45分钟—Around the Globe in 45
Minutes
❖ 世界知识产权组织—World Intellectual Property Organization
(2)表情功能(expressive function),表达感情。如:这里风 景多美啊!
(3)祈使功能 (vocative function), 使读(听)者作出文本 所期望的反应。如:请坐。
(4)美感功能(aesthetic function),使感官愉悦。如:层层 的叶子中间,零星地点缀着些白花,有袅娜地开着的,有羞涩 地打着朵儿的,正如一粒粒的明珠,又如碧天里的星星。
(5)酬应功能(phatic function),使交际者保持接触,也可 反映交际者之间的关系。如:你好!幸会!
(6)元语言功能(metalingual function),指语言解释或命名 自身特点的功能。如:语言是一种独特的符号系统。
❖ 意义和功能是语言作为一种符号系统具备的固有 特征,也是任何文本的固有特征。
❖ 中华全国青年联合会—All-China Federation of Youth
❖ 中华全国妇女联合会(全国妇联)—All-China Women’s Federation (ACWF)
❖ 海关总署—General Customs Administration
❖ 《上海大风暴》 —The Big Storm over Shanghai ❖ 《北京人在纽约》 —A Native of Beijing in New
❖ 重复,除了同词重复以外,也有异词重复,即同义 词的重复。如:
谢天谢地 Thank heaven
此时此刻 Only then did I ……
不知不觉 Time went by and before I was aware of it……
叠词
❖ 汉语叠词的功能在于强调,用词语重叠的方法来突 出思想、强调感情、加强节奏感、增添音韵美。翻 译时,要注意再现叠词的这一美感功能或表情功能。
❖ 音译法的两种方式: 1 直接用汉语拼音进行拼写 “西苑饭店” — Xiyuan Hotel “国泰公司”— Guotai Co. 2 用类似英语单词的拼写体现原文的发音 “康顺有限公司”—Conson Ltd. “保得利公司”— Botilly Co.
✓ 《针眼儿胡同的片警》 Police Officers in Zhenyan’er Hutong
➢ 《唐明皇》(电视剧名)
Emperor Tang Ming Huang
Tang Ming Huang
An Emperor in the Tang Dynasty
➢ “索”牌(塑料绳具的商标) Suo Large Rope Strong
Solid
言内意义的翻译
❖ 言内意义指语言符号之间的关系。在词汇层体现 在词语的:重复、叠词、双关、拈连、一语双叙、 音韵等方面。
York ❖ 《中国商人》 —Chinese Businessmen ❖ 《戏剧人生》 —Dramatic Life
❖ “小天鹅”洗衣机— “Little Swan” Washer ❖ “三鹅牌”图钉— “Three Geese” Drawing Pins ❖ “活力”奶—Vitality Milk ❖ “钻石”牌手表— “Diamond” Brand Wrist
指称意义的翻译
❖ 词语的指称意义往往具有多重性,即一个词语具 有几种不同的指称意义。这种一词多义的现象在 语言中广泛存在。
扑克牌打烂了。The playing card are already in shred.
他的衣服穿烂了。His clothes are worn-out. 走一步看一步。 Take one step and look around before
❖ 英军胜利地登上了小岛。 ❖ 他对事情的进展情况也还满意。 ❖ 他是我父亲。 ❖ 这姑娘是漂亮。 ❖ 此人是书就读。 ❖ 是可忍,孰不可忍? ❖ 是古非今 ❖ 知之为知之,不知为不知,是知也。
❖ 1 说来话长。 ❖ 2 他的名字我一时说不上来。 ❖ 3 你连续三天没交作业,这可说不过去。 ❖ 4 他两岁就学会看表了。 ❖ 5 我能看出你在想什么。 ❖ 6 你要是觉得这东西还看得过去,就买下来吧。 ❖ 7 那是万万不行的。 ❖ 8 我万万没有想到。 ❖ 9 那位司机听不懂我说的话。 ❖ 10 他懂礼貌。 ❖ 11 干部必须懂政策。
❖ 有的人名或地名因种种原因被赋予了特殊含义, 翻译时则多采用意译或直译手法:
➢ 贾宝玉(假宝玉)—Magic Jade ➢ 象鼻山—Elephant Trunk Hill
姑苏城外寒山寺,夜半钟声到客船。 Cold-Hill Monastery Han Shan Monastery
音译意译结合法
❖ 音译意译结合法:在英译中既保留原文的发音又能 体现原文的指称意义,以谐音又谐意的方式达到功 能相似。这种方法的使用有两种形式: 1 在拼音之前或之后加上一个表意的词,如“绿丹 兰” —Ludanlan cosmetics 2 直接套用谐音谐意的英语单词,如“稳得福”酒 楼—Wonderful Restaurant
Watches
意译法
❖ 指译者在受到译语社会文化差异的局限时,不得不 舍弃原文的字面意义,以求译文与原文的内容相符 和主要语言功能相似的方法。
✓ 在农村,特别是比较偏僻落后的农村,还残存着少 数包办买卖婚姻的陋习。 直译:arranged or bought and sold marriages () In china’s more remote and backward rural areas, corrupt practices exist in the form of forced marriages……
❖ 在翻译实践中,篇章是最终的考核质量的单位,
句子是基本的操作单位,而大部分的难题都集中在
词汇单位。
—Peter Newmark
意义的分类
指称意义 蕴涵意义
指称意义:指词的确切和字面的意义,是语言交际 中出现最早、使用频率最高的意义,也是人们进行 语言交际时所表达的最基本的意义。
太阳 sun
他望着蔚蓝的天空。 He looked at the blue sky.
❖ 有时,为了保持原文符号意义的完整,译者可采用 直译加注的方法。
✓ 对外开放取得新进展。1990年共批准“三资”企业 99家,全省“三资”企业已达284家。
New progress has been made in the process of opening to the outside world. In 1990,the province approved 99 “Three Forms of Ventures” (Sinoforeign joint ventures, cooperative enterprises and wholly foreign-funded enterprises), the total number of the “Three Forms of Ventures” reached 284.
✓ 有目共赏—上海牌电视机 直译:You can enjoy it if you have eyes ()
Shanghai TV— Seeing is believing ✓ 《走下神坛的毛泽东》
直译:Mao Zedong Who Walked Down the Shrine()
Mao Zedong—Man, Not God
音译法
❖ 音译法是指用音位为单位在英译文中保留汉语的发 音以便突出原文主要语言功能的翻译方法。
➢ 汉语中的:卡拉ok (karaoke),吉它(guitar),康 乃馨(carnation),探戈(tango),阿斯匹林(aspirin)
➢ 英语中的:typhoon (台风),kowtow(磕头), qigong(气功),Yin Yang(阴阳)
❖ “姓陶不见桃结果,姓李不见李花开,姓罗不见锣 鼓响,三个蠢才哪里来。”
翻译时我们既不可拘泥于原文形式,也不可全 然抛弃原文形式,而应从语言功能着手,在优先传 译原文最主要的功能的前提下,尽量全面地表达其 它有关意义,使译文与原文意义相符、功能相似。
重复
种类:连续重复、间隔重复 语用意义:突出某种思想、强调某种感情或增强
节奏感的目的。
沉默啊!沉默啊! 不在沉默中爆发,就在沉默中灭亡。 Silence! Silence! Unless we burst out, we shall perish in this silence.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
❖ 判断我们各方面工作的是非得失,归根到底,要以 是否有利于发展社会主义社会的生产力,是否有利 于增强我国的综合国力,是否有利于提高人民的生 活水平为标准.
In the final analysis, the criterion for judging the success or failure of our work in various fields is whether it helps to develop the productive forces of socialist society, to strengthen the overall capacity of the country and to improve the people’s living standards.
汉英词语的指称意义翻译大致可分为四种方法: ➢ 直译法 ➢ 意译法 ➢ 音译法 ➢ 音译和意译结合法
直译法