英美概况况复习题

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英美国家概况复习题

I. Choice1. The longest river in Britain is the ________ River.[A] Severn [B] Thames[C] Mersey [D] Humber2. The Lake District is well-known for________.[A] its wild and beautiful scenery [B] its varied lakes[C] the lake Poets [D] all of the above three3. Which of the following is NOT the feature of British climate?[A] Coldness. [B] More rainy days.[C] Changeability . [D] More fogs.4. The two main islands of the British Isles are____A.Great Britain and IrelandB.England and ScotlandC.Great Britain and Northern IrelandD.Great Britain and England5. The established church of Britain is ________.[A] The Church of Scotland [B] Free churches[C] The United Reformed Church [D] The Church of England5. Easter is kept, commemorating the ________of Jesus Christ.[A] coming [B] birth[C] death [D] resurrection6. Under Mrs. Thatcher, British economy in 1980s gradually ________.[A] declined [B] recessed[C] recovered [D] went down7. Tertiary industry does NOT include ________.[A] retailing [B] insurance[C] electronics [D] banking8. In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of________.[A] the Queen [B] the Prime Minister[C] the House of Commons [D] the House of Lords9. ________ is seen as the party of the “middle”, occupying the ideological groundbetween the two main parties in U.K.[A] The Conservative [B] The Labour[C] The Liberal Democratic [D] The Tory12. In 43 A.D. Romans under ________ conquered Britain.[A] Julius Caesar [B] Claudius[C] Augustine [D] the Pope13. ________ launched the Hundred Years’ War.[A] Edward I [B] Edward II[C] Edward III [D] Henry III14. Black Death to some extent brought ________ to villains.[A] higher wages [B] greater freedom[C] better life [D] both A and B15. The British Industrial Revolution first began in the________ industry.[A] iron and steel [B] textile[C] coal-mining [D] ship-building16. The English people are descendants of ________.[A] Celts [B] Romans[C] Anglo-Saxons [D] Danes17. The central bank in Britain is ________.[A] Lloyd [B] Barclay[C] Midland [D] the Bank of England18. All the government ministers of Britain must be members of ________.[A] the House of Lords [B] the House of Commons[C] the Privy Council [D] Parliament.19.____is at the center of the Britain political system.A.The CabinetB.The House of LordsC.The House of CommonsD.The Privy Council20. The party that has the majority of seats in ________ will form the government.[A] the House of Commons [B] the House of Lords[C] the Privy Council [D] the Cabinet21. In the middle of fifth century, Anglo-Saxons came from the region of ________and the Low Countries and settled in Britain.[A] Denmark [B] Norway[C] Germany [D] Holland22 .The____marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A.Viking invasionsB.signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law23. Wars of Roses were fought ________ between the Lacastrians and the Yorkistsfrom 1455 to 1465.[A] constantly [B] irregularly[C] continuously [D] intermittently24. The first British colony was ________.[A] New England [B] Newfoundland[C] West Indies [D] India26. The British Empire reached the peak of its colonial expansion after the ________ .[A] Anglo- Boer War [B] the First Opium War[C] World War I [D] World War II27. Which of the following is NOT the feature of imperialism?[A] foreign territorial expansion. [B] export of capital.[C] free competition. [D] monopoly.28.Among the four parts of the United Kingdom,___is the smallest.A.EnglandB.ScotlandC.WalesD.North Ireland29.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is_____A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet30.At present,nearly___of the world’s population communicate in England.A.halfB.a quarterC.one-thirdD.one-fifth32.____was passed after the Glorious RevolutionA.The Bill of RightB.The Act of SupremacyC.The Provisions of OxfordD.The Magna Carta33.The importance of the Britain monarchy can be seen in its effect on____A.passing billsB.advising the govermentC.political partiesD.public attitude35.Generally speaking, the Britain Parliament operates on a____ system.A.single-partyB.two-partyC.three-partyD.multi-party36.In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every____years.A.threeB.fourC.fiveD.six37.____ of the energy consumed in Britain are provided by coal mining industry.A.one-thirdB.one-fourthC.one-fifthD.two-thirds38.Of the following sectors in Britain,____has experience spectacular growth since the end World War II.A.agricultureB.the energy industryC.the service sectorD. the manufacturing industry39The following Christmas traditions particularly British EXCEPT＿＿＿.A.Trooping the ColorB.The Queen’Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.the Christmas pantomime40.Waiting for Godot is written by ＿＿＿A.Samuel BeckeetB.George OrwellC.william Goldingwrench41.The most significant achievement of the English Renaissance is ＿A.poetryB.dramaC.novelD.pamphlet42. Over____of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A.5％B.6％C.7％D.8％43.____ is Britain's top pay-television provider.A.BSBB.SkyTVC.BBCD.BSkyB44.( ) is sold especially to the upper or upper–middle class and has a reputation for its serious attitude and great bulk.A.The ObserverB.The New York TimesC.New York Daily NewsD.The Daily Telegraph45.The rapid economic development following the( )laid the groundwork for the modern U.S industrial economyA .world war l B. world war llC. civil warD.Anti-Japanese wa r46.America produces a major portion of the world’products in the following fields EXCEPT ______A.transportationB.textileC.oreD.chemicals47.The continental United States has（）states.A.50B.49C.48D.3548.The longest river in the U.S is_.A.the Missouri RiverB.the Mississippi RiverC.the Ohio RiverD.the Lake Itasca50.To get a bachelor's degree,all undergraduate students are required to do the following EXCEPT( )A.attending lectures and completing assignmentsB.passing examinationsC.working for communitiesD.earning a certain number of credits51.President _____introduced the New Deal to deal with the problems of the Great DepressionA,Wilson B ,Truman C ,Roosevelt D ,Kennedy52.( )is regarded as the “father of American literature "A.James Fenimore CooperB.Ralph Waldo EmersonC.Thomas JeffersonD.Washington Irving53.Of the following,( )is not characteristic of Mark Twain's worksA colloquial speech B. a sense of humorC a realistic view D. an idealistic view54.In 1783 the British and the Americans signed ________，and the United States of America won its independence.A.the Act of UnionB. Treaty of LexingtonC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Treaty of Paris55.The U.S Constitution came into effect in ( )A1787 B1789 C1791 D179356.The terms for a Senator and Repressentive are ( )and ( )years respectively.A. two ,fourB.two ,threeC.two,sixD.six,two13.Employment in the ( )sector has been increasing in the U.S .since the 1970sA.serviceB.agricultureC.manufacturingD.high-tech58. the seven years 'war occurred between ( )Athe French and the American IndiansB .the French and the SpanishC .the French and the BritishD .the British and the American Indians59.the policy of the united states was ( )at the begining of the two world wars.A .neutralityB .full involvementC .partial involvementD .appeasement61.______is regarded as the “father of American literature ".A.James Fenimore CooperB.Charles DickensC.Thomas JeffersonD.Washington Irving62.The following Christmas traditions particularly British is＿＿.A.Trooping the ColorB.Bonfire NightC.Boxing DayD.Macy’s Day Parade63.Of the following writers,( ) is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Alice WalkerB.Ernest HemingwayC.William FaulknerD.Eugene O'Neill64.Of the following writers( )is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A.Stephen CraneB.Frank NorrisC.Theodore DreiserD.Herman Melville65.Of the following ,( )is considered Herman Melville's masterpiece.A.The Last of the MohicansB.The Legend of Sleepy HollowC.Moby DickD.Daisy Miller66.Of the following writers,_______ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner.A.Alice WalkerB.Harold PinterC.William GoldingD.Eugene O'Neill67.Emigration in Ireland started since the __.A.medieval periodB.17th centuryC.Great Potato FamineD.early 18th ce ntury68..In 1801,the British and the Irish Parliament passed ___A the Anglo_Irish AgreementB the Belfast AgreementC the Act of UnionD the treaty of paris69.The Republic of Ireland occupies approximately _____of the island of Ireland.A. one-sixthB. two-sixthsC. three-fifthD. five-sixths70.Ireland has a free public school system with compulsory attendance forall children of____years old.A 7 to 15B 6 to 15C 10 to 15D 6 to 1471.After Irish Parliament was set up,_____was issued and directly led to the Irish War of independence.A Angle Irish TreatyB Belfast AgreementC Unilateral Declaration of IndependenceD Angle Irish Agreement.三、名词解释The opium war鸦片战争Act of Supremacy 至尊法案Three Majestic Circles 三环外交the Union of South Africa 南非联盟United States Electoral College 总统选举团A policy of Appeasement绥靖政策Three Majestic Circles三环外交The Truman doctrine杜鲁门主义The R oosevelt’s new deal罗斯福新政the Anglo-Irish Treaty英爱条约the Reformation宗教改革The proletariat 无产阶级The lake poets 湖畔派诗人Modernism 现代主义Postmodernism 后现代主义Theater of the Absurd 荒诞派戏剧Great Awakening Movement Movement 大觉醒运动Transcendentalism 超验主义Aestheticism唯美主义European Economic Community欧洲经济共同体North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织（英国）上议院House of Lords(英国）下议院House of Commons（美国）上议院Senate(美国）下议院House of Representatives独立战争the war of independence黑死病black death文法学校grammer school七国集团group of Seven君主立宪制constitutional monarchy英联邦自治领Dominions同盟国the Central Powers三权分立Checks and balances西进运动The westward movement光荣革命Glorious revolution工业革命The Industrial Revolution人权法案Bill of right第六级学院the six form普通中等教育证书General Certificate of Secondary Education 垮掉的一代运动the Beat Movement迷惘的一代the lost generation启蒙运动the Enlightenment工党The Labor party保守党the Conservative Party民主党the Democratic PartyIII. Define or explain briefly the following terms. 30' ( 6*5' )1.Hamlet2.The Renaissance3.The Lake poets4.Critical Realism5.The Lost Generation6.Feminism7.The Black Death8.The Crusade9.The War of Roses10.The Reformation11.The Glorious Revolution12.The Industrial Revolution13.General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE)14.Cambridge University15.Thanksgiving DayIV. Answer the following questions. 20' ( 2*10')1.Please make a brief introduction to the development of English, which includes the characteristics in different period and at least two examples.2.Please make a brief introduction of the House of Lords and the House of Commons in Britain including their constituents and their respective functions.3.Make a comparison on the policies of Conservative Party and Labor Party in Britain.4.State briefly the formation of the Commonwealth and its main functions.5.Introduce briefly the public schools in Britain and state their superiorities to the other schools.6.What is Critical Realism in English literature? Please present one author and briefly introduce his / her masterpiece ?。

英美概况复习资料

1. The continental United States lies in the central North American with ___ toits east and __ to its west.A. the pacific ocean, the Atlantic oceanB. the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanC. the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of MexicoD. the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean2. Among the Great Lakes, ____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan3. The Appalachians run from __ to ___ .A. the north, the southB. the east, the westC. the northwest, the southeastD. the northeast, the southwest4. The biggest city in the U.S. is ___ .A. Los AngelesB. New YorkC. ChicagoD. San Francisco5. The __ River meets the Atlantic Ocean at New York City.A. PotomacB. HudsonC. ColumbiaD. Colorado6. Hawaii became the fiftieth state of the United States in ___ .A. 1948B. 1950C. 1956D. 19597. __ is the largest fresh water lake in the world.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake MichiganC. Lake HuronD. Lake Eire8. The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the United Sates is ___.A. the HispanicsB. the Asian-AmericansC. the IndiansD. the blacks9. The Grand Canyon is located in the state of __ .A. ColoradoB. CaliforniaC. ArizonaD. New Mexcio10. __ are the fastest-growing racial and ethnic group in the United Sates.A. the BlacksB. The HispanicsC. the Asian-AmericansD. the Indians11. The ___ River has been called the American Ruhr.A. MississippiB. OhioC. MissouriD. Colorado12. The Mississippi River flows to __ .A. the Atlantic OceanB. the Gulf of CaliforniaC. the Gulf of MexicoD. the Pacific Ocean13. The U.S. produces nearly ___ of the corn in the world.? A. 25% B. 35% C. 40% D. 50%14. __ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.? A. The Midwest B. the Great Plains? C. New England D. the South15．The Snow belt areas in the united States refer to North.16. The chief industry in the Rocky Mountains is ___? A. the tourist tradeB. mining ? C. textile industry D. iron and steel17. The United States is the ___ most populous country in the world.? A. third B. fourth C. fifth D. sixth18. New York is located in ___ A. the MidwestB. the Middle Atlantic regionC. New EnglandD. the great Plains19. The United States is the __ largest country in the world.? A. second B. third C. fourth D. fifth20. ___ is the home of the space center in the U.S.? A. Houston B. Dallas? C. New Orleans D. Miami??? 21. The Midwest states lies in the ___ part of the U.S.? A. western B. southern C. northern D. northwestern22. The smallest state in the U.S. is? A. Washington ? C. Hawaii B. Rhode island D. Maryland23. In the U.S., the largest city along the Pacific Coast is? A. Los Angeles ? C. Seattle B. San FranciscoD. Portland? 24. The first industrial area in the United Sates is? A. New England? B. the Middle Atlantic? C. the Midwest D. the South25. ____ is the largest city of the Great Plains of the U.S.? A. Colorado? C. Salt Lake CityB. Los Angeles D. Denver26. The largest state on the mainland of the United States is ? A. California B. TexasC. AlaskaD. Arizona27. The largest and busiest port on the great Lakes is? A. New York ? C. Detroit B. ChicagoD. St. Louis28. The sunbelt areas in the united States refer to ____A. the East and the NorthB. the North and the WestC. the west and the SouthD. the east and the South29. The newest state in the United States is A. New Mexico B. AlaskaC. CaliforniaD. Hawaii30. The state of ___ is the leading state in oil and natural gas deposits in theU.S.A. CaliforniaC. Florida B. New MexicoD. Texas31. The Rustbelt areas refers to Northeastern USA32. Please list five metropolitans which located on the Atlantic Coastal Plain. (Boston-Washington corridor )Boston, Massachusetts, new York city, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, D.C.33. __Florida ____ is the southern-most city( exclusive of Hawaii).34. The highest summits in the US. is Mt. Mckinley35. The national flag of the United States is known as __ .A. the star-spangled BannarB. Uncle SamC. Got DogD. Union Jack36. The Niagara Falls is located on thee US and the Canadian boundary between Lakeand Lake _____________ .A. Superior, HuronB. Michigan, HuronC. Huron, EireD. Eire, Ontario37．Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II38．Westminster Palace is the ________ .A. seat of British House of ParliamentB. seat of English ChurchC. residence of king and queenD. Residence of Prime Minster39．No. 10 Downing Street is ______ .A. Office of British NavyB. Official residence of Prime MinsterC. Seat of English parliamentD. Official residence of King40．The American Civil War lasted from _______ to ______ .A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186741．In the U.S., the senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 842．The ____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists43．Among the Great Lakes, _____ is the only one entirely in the United States.A. Lake SuperiorB. Lake HuronC. Lake OntarioD. Lake Michigan44．___ was Britain's first colony in America.A .PlymouthB .JamestownC .PhiladelphiaD .New York45．____ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he got the nickname“Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV46．During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as ___ .A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army47．The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ____ .A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet UnionMock Test1. The official name of the United Kingdom is _____ .A .the United Kingdom of Great BritainB .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and IrelandC .the United Kingdom of Britain and Northern IrelandD .the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. It was under _____ that the feudal system in England was completely established.A .HaroldB .WilliamC .HenryD .Edward3 .The largest and most important museum in Britain is ____ .A .the British MuseumB .the Victoria and Albert MuseumC .the Imperial War MuseumD .the National Gallery4. Which of the following is not a political division on the island of Great Britain?A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .Northern IrelandD .Wales5. The highest peak in Britain is ____ .A .Ben NevisB .ScafellC .SnowdoniaD .Cross Fell6. The first known settlers of Britain were ___ .A .the IberaiansB .the Bearker FolkC .the CeltsD .the Romans7. The Wars of the Roses lasted from ____ to______ .A.1455, 1465B.1455, 1475C.1455, 1485D.1455, 14958. The religious change from Catholicism toward Protestant theology in England was calledA .Renaissance C .Revolution 9. A British Parliament has a maximum duration of ____ years.A .3B .4C .5D .610. In criminal trials, the ____ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.A .judgeB .lawyerC .juryD .audience11. The first English colony in America was founded in ____ .A .1593B .1607C .1618D .162012. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _____ and the North Sea in the ____ .A .south, westB .south, eastC .north, westD .north, east13. The first successful Roman conquest in Britain was led by ____ .A .Julius CaesarB .ClaudiusC .AgricolaD .Constantine14. ____ served as the new cultural centers in England during the reign of the Norman kings.A .The schoolsB .The monasteriesC .The royal courtD .The big townsB .ReformationD .Evolution15. The House of Lancaster was symbolized by the ____ rose, while that of York was symbolized by the _____ rose.A .white, blackB .white, redC .red, whiteD .black, red16. In Britain, the ultimate authority for law-making resides in ____ .A .the House of LordsB .the Hose of CommonsC .the QueenD .the Prince of Wales17. Which of the following statements is not true about the contributions made by the Anglo-Saxons to English state?A .They divided the country into shires.B .They devised the narrow-strip, three-field farming system.C .They created the manorial system and the Witan.D .They established the complete feudal system in England.18. The narrowest part of the English Channel is the Straits of Dover, which is only km across.A .25B .35C .43D .5019. Which of the following statements is not true about William's policy toward the church in England?A .He kept the church completely in his control and tried to suppress its power.B .He appointed the Italian-born Lanfranc to be Archbishop of Canterbury.C .He encouraged the church to have a closer relationship with Rome.D .He took care to maintain the independence of the church.20. The Magna Carta had altogether ____ clauses.A .50B .53C .58D .6321. The ____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained ____ growth rate and ____ inflation rate.A .the highest, the highestB .the lowest, the lowestC .the highest, the lowestD .the lowest, the highest23. The House of Lord is presided over by the ____ .A .Archbishop of CanterburyB .Lord ChancellorC .QueenD .Archbishop of York24. The capital of Scotland is ___ .A .BelfastB .CardiffC .EdinburghD .Dublin25. How long was Britain under the Roman occupation?A .About 200 yearsB .About 300 yearsC .About 400 yearsD .About 500 years26. Which of the following statements is not among the causes of the hundred yea'rswar between England and France?A .The French king wanted to take back the territory occupied by England.B .Both English and French kings wanted to control the Flemish cloth manufacturingtowns.C .England wanted to stop France from giving aid to the Scots.D .The English refused to recognize Edward as their king.27. Mrs. Thatcher was British Prime Minister from ____ .A .1980, 1990B .1982, 1988C .1979, 1990 D.1979, 198428. The present Sovereign of Britain is ____ .A .PhilipB .Elizabeth IC .Elizabeth IID .Charles29. Britain 's most popular pastime is ____ .A .reading newspaperB .watching TVC .playing footballD .horse racing30. The destruction of the ____ in 1588 showed Englan'ds superiority as a naval power under Elizabeth I's reign.A .French FleetB .Spanish ArmadaC .Danish VikingsD .Portuguese Navy31. The replacement of James II by William and Mary has been known as _____A .the Glorious RevolutionB .the RestorationC .the ReformationD .the Renaissance32. The decade of 1980s is remembered in Britain as the era of _____ .A .centralizationB .nationalizationC .privatizationD .industrialization33. The Church of Scotland is a _____ church.A .MethodistB .BaptistC .PresbyterianD .Catholic34. The longest river in Britain is _____ .A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River35. _____ were the people who laid foundation of the English state.A .The Celt C .The JutesB .The RomansD .The Anglo-Saxons36. Mrs. Thatcher's Medium-term Financial Strategy was characterized by _____A .prices controlB .incomes controlC .state interventionismD .privatization37. The British Prime Minister is appointed by ____ .A .the QueenB .the SpeakerC .the House of CommonsD .the House of Lords38. ______ is the highest judiciary officer in Britain.A .The Lord ChancellorB .The Home SecretaryC .The Attorney GeneralD .The Prime Minister39. The well-known Lake District in Britain is located in ____ .A .north ScotlandB .north-west EnglandD .Northern Ireland40. Which of the following statements is not among the achievements of King Alfred?A .He defeated the Danes and conquered Denmark.B .He translated Bede's Ecclesiastical History of the English People into English.C .He founded a strong fleet and became known a“sthe father of the British navy”.D .He established a number of schools.41. Henry VIII was above all responsible for the _____ reform in England.A .militaryB .economicC .socialD .religious42. The ____ presides over the House of Commons and enforces the rules of order.A .Prime MinisterB .SpeakerC .north WalesC .Lord ChancellorD .Queen43. _____ is the ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the United Kingdom.A .The High CourtB .The Supreme Court of JudicatureC .The House of LordD .The Court of Appeal44. Around which time period did the Celts start to arrive in Britain? _____A .3000 B.C.B .2000 B.C.C .700 B.C.D .500 B.C.45. The death of King ____ marked the perishing of Anglo-Saxon England.A .AlfredB .EdwardC .HaroldD .William46. England has been a Protestant country since the reign ofA .Henry VIII C .Mary TudorB .Edward VI D.Elizabeth I47. _____ was Britain's first colony in America.A .Plymouth C .PhiladelphiaB .Jamestown D .New York48. In 1838, the London Working Men's Association put forward a charter ofpolitical demands, which was called a“____ ”.A .Great Charter C .People's CharterB .Greater Charter D .new Poor Law49. Which of the following is not included in the new industries in Britain? ____A .microprocessorsB .computersC .biotechnologyD .motor vehicle50. The head of State in Britain is ____ .A .the king or queenB .Prime MinisterC .ParliamentD .Prince of Wales51. In Great Britain, the _____ is uniquely related to the Crown.A .Church of EnglandB .Church of ScotlandC .Church of IrelandD .Church of Wales52. Among the four political divisions of Britain, ____ is the most denselypopulated.A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .WalesD .Northern Ireland53. “The Danelaw”refers to the ____ part of England which was occupied by the Danes in King Alfred 's time.A .south and eastB .north and eastC .south and westD .north and west54. The hundred year'swar between England and France was declared by ___ .A .Henry IIIB .Edward IC .Edward IIID .Henry V55. ____ was a king that was so enthusiastic about agricultural changes that he gotthe nickname“Farmer George”.A .George IB .George IIC .George IIID .George IV56. The end of Britain's empire was hastened by ____ .A .World War IB .the Great DepressionC .World War IID .the Korean War57. The Prime Minister in Britain is chairman of the ____ .A .shadow cabinetB .cabinetC .ParliamentD .Opposition58. The Universities of Oxford and Cambridge date from _____£1— £1—A .the 11th and 12th centuriesB .the 12th and 13th centuriesC .the 14th and 15th centuries£1— £1—D .the 18th and 19th centuries59. Which of the following statements is not true about St.Augustine?A .He was sent by Pope Gregory I to England.B .He was the first Archbiship of Canterbury.C .He was remarkably successful in converting the king and the nobility.D .One of his greatest achievements was to have converted large numbers of common people in Britain.60. The Black Death spread through Europe in the ____ century.th th th thA .13B .14C .15D .1661. There were ____ Tudor monarchs who ruled England and Wales and the first one was ____ .A .4, Henry VB .5, Henry VIIC .6, Henry VIID .7, Henry VIII62. The Gunpowder Plot of 1605 was a ____ conspiracy.A .ScottishB .CatholicC .PuritanD .Spanish63. The British Labor Party got its name in ______ .A .1893B .1899C .1900D .190664 .The members of _____ in Britain have also been known as dissenters or nonconformists.A .the Anglican ChurchesB .the Church of EnglandC .the Roman Catholic ChurchD .the Free Churches65. Which of the following people are not descendants of the Celts ?A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish66. Which of the following statements is not true about Canute?A .He became King of England in 1016.B .He made England part of a Scandinavian empire.C .He divided power between Danes and Saxons.D .He formulated a legal system in England.67. James I was son of ____ .A .Mary TudorB .Mary StuartC .Elizabeth ID .Edward VI68. Greater London is divided into 32 ____ and the City of London.A .districtsB .countiesC .boroughsD .regions69. The largest church of the Free Churches in Britain is ____ .A .the Baptist ChurchB .the Presbyterian ChurchC .the Methodist ChurchD .theUnited Reformed Church70. The names Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday derive from the gods in .A .DruidismB .ChristianityC .the Teutonic religionD .Roman Catholicism71. As a transitional period, Renaissance covered the years between ____and _____ .A .1150, 1450B .1250, 1550C .1350, 1650D .1450, 175072. ____ is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.A .The RenaissanceB .The English ReformationC .The English Civil WarD .the Glorious Revolution73. Which of the following countries was not a member of the“Allies ”during World War I?A .BritainB .FranceC .RussiaD .Germany74 .Among the following industrial cities, ______ is not based on coalfields.A .LondonB .GlasgowC .EdinburghD .Manchester75. To Scots, the most important festival is ____ .A .Christmas DayB .New Year's EveC .EasterD .Whit Sunday76. _____________________________________ Names that begin with M',Mc or Mac are ___________________________________ names.A .EnglishB .WelshC .ScottishD .Irish77. The first Christian church in Britain was established in _____ .A .LondonB .YorkC .CanterburyD .Bath78. The Magna Carta was signed by King John in ____ .A .1213B .1214C .1215D .121679. The Petition of Right was also regarded as the_____ .A .Magna CartaB .General PardonC .Grand RemonstranceD .second Magna Carta80. The British East India Company was established in ____ .A .1500B .1600C .1700D .180081. The Midlands refers to the area of ___ .A .central EnglandB .central Lowlands of ScotlandC .North-East EnglandD .North Wales82. By tradition, the Prime Minister of Britain is also First Lord of ____ .A .the TreasuryB .the Home OfficeC .the Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeD .the Ministry of Defense83. Easter is a Christian festival that celebrates ____ .A .the birth of ChristB .the resurrection of ChristC .the coming of the Holy Spirit to Christ 's apostlesD .the death of Christ84. The most important river in Britain is ____ .A .the Severn RiverB .the Thames RiverC .the Mersey RiverD .the Clyde River85. Margaret Thatcher was leader of the ___ Party.A .ConservativeB .LaborC .LiberalD .Democratic86. In December 1653, Oliver Cromwell was made ____ of the Commonwealth ofEngland.A .KingB .GeneralC .Lord ProtectorD .Lord Chancellor87. There are now _____ Roman Catholic provinces in Great Britain.A .5B .7C .9D .1088. Football has its traditional home in ___ .A .EnglandB .Scotland89. _____ is the most typically English of sports.A .FootballB .RugbyC .CricketD .Horse racing90. King ____ was known of his piety as“the Confessor”.A .AlfredB .CanuteC .EdwardD .William91. Henry VIII 's religious reform began as a struggle for _____ .A .powerB .a divorceC .equalityD .peace92. In Britain the last stage for a bill to become law as Acts of parliament is called .A .First and Second ReadingsB .Royal AssentC .Third ReadingD .Committee stage93. The ____ are Anglo-Saxons.A .EnglishB .ScotsC .WelshD .Irish94. Which of the following statements is not true about the jury system in the reign of Henry II?A .It was replacing old English ordeals by fire and water and old Norman trials by battle.B .A jury was composed of twelve men.C .The jurors'function was not only to act as witnesses, but to hear evidences and give verdict.D .It was originated from primitive trials in which witnesses were called forward to swear to the innocence of the accused.95. It was _____ that united the Houses of Lancaster and York.A .Edward VB .Richard IIIC .Henry TudorD .John Beaufont96. During the First Civil War of England, the supporters of Parliament were called .A .CavaliersB .RoundheadsC .RoyalistsD .Crusaders97. The Beatles was a band formed by four boys from ___ .A .ManchesterB .LiverpoolC .LondonD .Edinburgh98. England got its name“Angle ”land from ___ .A .the CeltsB .the RomansC .the Germanic conquerorsD .the Danes99. Which city used to be the Roman capital in Britain?A .LondonB .YorkC .BathD .Edinburgh100. Which of the following statements is not true about Henry VII?A .He was said to have murdered Edward V and his brother.B .During his reign he refilled the royal treasury through loans, subsidies, property levies and fines.C .He was able to build up England's navy and foreign trade.D .He forbade the nobles to keep excessive power.101. The Church of England is not free to change its form of worship without the consent of _____ .A .ParliamentB .the archbishop of CanterburyC .the archbishop of YorkD .the Queen102. The home of golf is ____ .A .EnglandB .ScotlandC .FranceD .the U.S.A103. Which of the following statements is not true about Elizabeth I?A .Her religious reform was a compromise of views.B .She tried and executed her cousin Mary.C .She was succeeded by her son James VI.D .She enabled England to become a great trading and colonizing country. 104. The game“Rugby”got its name from a ___ .A .townB .countryC .schoolD .person105. Which of the following statements is not true about William the Conqueror?A .He was Duke of Normandy.B .His cavalry was then the finest fighting horsemen in Europe.C .He was Norman.D .He was crowned as King of England at Canterbury.106. Winston Churchill became Prime Minister of Britain in_____ .A .1930B .1935C .1940D .1945107. The Open University in Britain was founded in ___ .A .1958B .1969C .1970D .1975108. The Supreme Court of the U.S. consists of one Chief Justice and __ Associate Justices.A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 10109. During the American Civil War, the army of the North was known as ____ .A. the Continental ArmyB. the Confederate ArmyC. the U.S. armyD. the Union Army110． ____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.A. The MidwestB. the Great PlainsC. New EnglandD. The south111. In the U.S., the Senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3B. 4C. 6D. 8112. The Marsh Plan offered economic aid to ____ .A. European countriesB. Western European countriesC. Eastern European countriesD. European countries except the Soviet Union1. The statement “A person cannot step into the same river twice.”was said byA. PythagorasB. PlatoC. HeraclitusD. Democtitus2. _______ said,“One thing only I know, and that is that I know nothing.”A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales3. ______ founded the science of logic.B. Socrates D. Thales4. The Republic was written by _________ .A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales5. “Question-and-answe ”r technique was created by _______ .A. PlatoB. SocratesC. AristotleD. Thales6. “The Renaissanc ”e was between ______ .A. 1500-1700 A.D.B. 1400-1700 A.D.C. 1300-1600 A.D. D. 1400-1600 A.D.7. _______ said, I th “ink; therefore, I am ”.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley8. ________ was called the farther of modern Rationalism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley9. ______ was called the modern father of Empiricism.A. David HumeB. Rene DescartesC. John RockD. George Berkeley10. _______ combined elements of both Rationalism and Empiricism into one newcomprehensive system.A. Immanuel KantB. George HegelC. John RockD. George Berkeley11. ______ were mainly interested in love, Nature and art.A. The National RomanticsB. The Universal RomanticsC. The Classical RomanticsD. The contemporary Romantics.12. The British Isles is made up of _______ >A. Three large islands and hundreds of small onesB. Two large islands and hundreds of small onesC. Three large islands and dozens of small onesA. PlatoC. AristotleD. Two large islands and dozens of small ones13. The tower of London, located in the center of London, was built by ______A. King HaroldB. William the ConquerorC. Robin HoodD. Oliver Cromwell14. Between 1337 and 1453 the ____ took place in Britain.A. Wars of RosesB. Black deathC. Hundred Years'warD. peasants uprising15. In English individualistic culture, one should not bother Englishmen without a goodreason and making appointment beforehand seems to be important. It is bestreflected by an English proverb ________ .A. as welcome as a stormB. an Englishmen's house is his castleC. don't wear out your welcomeD. outstay one's welcome16. Which of the king was executed in the civil war?A. James IB. Charles IC. James IID. Charles II17. Westminster Palace is the __________ .E. seat of British House of ParliamentF. seat of English ChurchG. residence of king and queenH. Residence of Prime MinsterI.18. No. 10 Downing Street is ______ .E. Office of British NavyF. Official residence of Prime MinsterG. Seat of English parliamentH. Official residence of King19. The oldest university in Britain is _______ .A. Cambridge UniversityB. St. Andrews UniversityC. OxfordD. Edinburgh University20. British English is spoken in _____A. Great BritainB. Australia21．The goal of Roosevelt's New Deal was ______ .A. to save the American economic and political systemB. to change the American economic systemC. to weaken monopoly interests in AmericaD. to nationalize banks and financial institutions in America.22．The American Civil War lasted from ______ to ______ .A. 1858,1861B. 1861, 1863C. 1861, 1865D. 1863, 186723. The American population movement between the end of the civil war and 1880 hadmuch to do with _________ .A. the westward movementB. the urbanizationC. the industrializationD. the development of hi-tech industries25. In the U.S., the senatorial term is ________ years.A. 3.B. 4C. 6D. 826. The _____ were the forerunners of the Conservative Party.A .WhigsB .ToriesC .RadicalsD .Nonconformists27．_____ constitute the dominant sector of the U.S. economy.A. state-owned businessB. privately owned businessC. independent professionalsD. government-run business。

英美概况总复习

英美概况总复习名词解释：(1)The Anglo-Saxon（盎格鲁）They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.(2)The Good Friday Agreement（北爱和平协议）As a result of multi-party negotiations, the Good Friday Agreement was approved on 10 April 1998. This agreement assures the loyalist community that Northern Ireland remains part of the United Kingdom and it won’t change its political status unless the majority of the people of Northern Ireland agree. Under the terms of the agreement, Northern Ireland should be governed by three separate jurisdictions: that of the Republic of Ireland, that of Great Britain and that of its own elected executive government of ten ministers.(3)The Bill of Rights of 1689（权利法案）In 1688, king James II’ s daughter Mary and her husband William were invited by the politician and church authorities to take the throne, on condition that they would respect the rights of Parliament. The bill of rights was passed in 1689 to ensure that the king would never be able toignore Parliament.(4)The constitution of Britain（英国的宪法）Britain has no written constitution. The foundation of the British state are laid out in statute law, which are laws passed by parliament; the common laws, which are laws established through common practice in the courts; and conventions.(5)The function of Parliament（议会的功能）To pass laws, to vote for taxation, to scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.(6)The house of commons(众议院)The house of commons is the real center of British political life because it is the place where about 650elected representatives (members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.(7)Class system in Britain society（英国社会的等级制度）The class system does exist in British society. Most of the British population would claim themselves to be either of middle-class or working-class, though some people would actually belong to the upper middle-class or lower middle-class. Class division are not simply economic, they are cultural as well. People of different classes may differ in the kind of newspapers they read, in the way they speak and in the kind ofeducation they receive. One of the distinctive features about the British class system is that aristocratic titles can still be inherited.(8)Privatisation in UK economy（英国经济私有化）The British economy went through a particularly bad period in the 1970s, with high rates of inflation and devaluation of the pound. Therefore, in the 1980s, when the conservative party under Margaret Thatcher was in power, an extensive programme of privatization was carried out. Many state-owned businesses (such as steel, telecom, gas, aerospace) were turned into private companies. Privatisation was successful in controlling inflation but at the same time unemployment rate increased rapidly.(9)Elizabethan drama（伊丽莎白一世时的戏剧）The general flowering of cultural and intellectual life in Europe during the 15th and 16th centuries is known as the renaissance. In British culture, one of the most successful and long-lasting expressions of this development lay in drama. That was the period of the reign of Queen Elizabeth (1558-1603). The first professional theatre in London opened in 1576, and others followed, performing the plays of many notable playwrights, including Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William Shakespeare.(10)Romanticism（浪漫主义）Roughly the first third of the 19th century makes up English literature’s romantic period. Writers of romantic literature are moreconcerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason. A volume of poems called lyrical ballads written by William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge is regarded as the romantic poetry’s “Declaration of Independence.” Keats, Byron and Shelley, the three great poets, brought the romantic movement to its height, the spirit of romanticism also occurred in the novel.(11)Modernism（现代主义）Modernism refers to a form of literature mainly written before WWⅡ. It is characterized by a high degree of experimentation. It can be seen as a reaction against the 19th century forms of realism. Modernist writers express the difficulty they see in understanding and communicating how the world works. Often, modernist writing seems disorganized, hard to understand. It often portrays the action from the viewpoint of a single confused individual, rather than from the viewpoint of an all-knowing impersonal narrator outside the action. One of the most famous English modernist is Virginia Woolf.(12)Declaration of independence（独立宣言）The declaration of independence was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule. The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have someunalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of government came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments was to secure the rights mentioned above. The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from john locks.(13)Transcendentalists（先验论者）In his book nature, Emerson claimed that by studying and responding to nature, individuals could reach a higher spiritual state without formal religion. A circle of intellectuals who were discontented with the New England establishment gathered around Emerson. They accepted Emerson’s theories about spiritual transcendence. They a re known as Transcendentalists(14)The “lost generation”（迷失的一代）In the aftermath of world war I, many novelists produced a literature of disillusionment. Some lived in Europe. They were known as the “lost generation.” Two of the most representative writers of the “lost generation” were Hemingway and Fitzgerald.简答题：（1）The Magna Carta and its significance（大宪章及其意义）（2）Glories of Revolution and its significance（光荣革命及其意义）（3）Modernism in Britain literature writer, masterpieces, itssignificance（英国现代主义文学作家的杰作,它的意义）（4）Puritanism and its significance（清教主义及其意义）PuritanismThey follow the idea of the French reformer and theologian John Calvin1. doctrines:(1) Predestination: God decided everything before things occurred.(2) Original sin and total depravity: human beings were born to evil, and this original sin can be passed down from generation to generation.(3) Limited atonement 赎罪:only the “elect” can be saved.Influence of Puritanism on American Literature(1) a group of good qualities----hard work, thrift, piety, sobriety (serious and thoughtful)influenced American literature(2) it led to the everlasting myth. All literature is based on a myth---Garden of Eden.(3) Symbolism: lots of American writers liked to employ symbolism in their works.To the pious Puritan the physical, phenomenal world is nothing but a symbol of God (typical ways of Puritans who thought that all the simple objects existing in the world connected deep meanings). Symbolism means using symbols in literary works. The symbol means somethingrepresents or stands for abstract deep meaning.(4) Simplicity characterizes the Puritan style of writing. With regard to their writing, thestyle of fresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, not without a touch of nobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible.(5) Fired with a sense of mission. The Puritans looked the worst of life in the face oftremendous optimism. The optimistic Puritan has exerted a great influence on American Literature. Early American Literature were mainly optimistic because they believed that God sent them to the new continent, to fulfill the sacred task. so they would overcome all the difficulties. They met at last. Gradually Americans found that their dreams would not be successful, so lots of pessimistic literary works were produced.(5) Transcendentalism and its significance（超越论及其意义）TranscendentalismTranscendentalism is an American literary, political and philosophical movement of the early nineteenth century, centered on Ralph Waldo Emerson.Keys:--------the new spirit was neither social nor political, nor industrial, nor economic, nor literary, nor scientific, nor religious. It was all of them atonce. It transcended every phase of life. It is a whole new way of thinking.Transcendentalism in its literal meaning is the recognition in man of the capacity of acquiring knowledge transcending the reach of the five senses, of knowing truth intuitively or reaching the divine without the need of an intercessor. It was essence romantic idealism on Puritan soil.In application, American transcendentalism urged a reform in society and that such a reform may be reached if individuals resist customs and social codes, and relu rather on reason to learn what is right. Ultimately, transcendentalism believed that one should transcend society’s code of ethics and rely on personal intuition in order to reach absolute goodness, or absolute truth.Influence:1. It served as an ethical guide to life for a young nation and brought about the idea that human can be perfected by nature. It stressed religious tolerance, called to throw off shackles of customs and traditions and go forward to the development of a new and distinctly American culture.2. It advocated idealism that was great needed in a rapidly expanded economy where opportunity often became opportunism, and the desire to “get on ” obscured the moral necessity for rising to s piritual height.3. It helped to create the first American renaissance-----one of the most prolific periods in American literature.(6) Norman conquer and its significance （诺曼征服及其意义）。

新版英美概况复习习题_

新版英美概况复习习题_新版英美概况习题英国部分：一、名词解释1.The City of London2.King Harold3.The Vikings4.King Arthur5.King Alfred6.The Anglo-Saxons7.General election8.Prime minister9.Divine right of the king10.Oxbridge11.The Bill of Rights of 168912.The function of the parliament13.Different classes of Great Britain14.Elizabethan Drama15.Wuthering Heights16.Grammar schools17.tertiary industries18.The open university19.Christmas20.Football hooligans21.The invasion of the Romans22.The Great Charter/Magna Carta23.The Glorious Revolution24.the Battle of Hastings二、简答题1.The Canterbury T ales2.William Shakespeare3.relative decline of the UK economy4.Robert Burns5.Wimbledon International Tennis Championship6.Soccer7.the Easter Rising8.Robert the Bruce9.Boxing Day10.Halloween11.Robin Hood12.Union Jack13.Hereditary peers14.Easter uprisings15.The full name of the UK and the capital of each part16.The Romantic poets17.The Industrial Revolution18.Public schools19.One Hundred Years’ War20.General election21.the “Three Circles” foreign policy三、论述题1.The relation between the Queen and the government2.The establishment of the colonies of the UK3.The classes of the UK4.The relative decline of Great Britain美国部分：一、名词解释1.Puritans2.The Declaration of Independence3.George Washington4.Benjamin Franklin5.California Gold Rush6.The Bill of Rights7.Eli Whitney8.Wall Street9.an indentured servant/doc/d316531671.html,pulsory education of the USA11.Segregation Law12.Melting pot13.Michael Jordan14.The purchase of Alaska二、简答题1.The establishment of Virginia2.The Articles of Confederation3.The three branches of the American government4.The American Industrial Revolution5.James Fenimore Cooper6.Mark Twain7.American Civil War8.The New Deal9.The Lost Generation10.Ernest Hemingway11.Different kinds of American schools12.The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act13.The American Dream14.The purchase of Louisiana三、论述题1.Why the USA is called a nation of immigrants?2.The democratic system of the USA3.The American Civil War4.Why do the Americans consider sports very important in their life?5.The success of Franklin Roosevelt’s New DealMultiple Choice:1. Which of the following CANNOT be found in London?A. TeahousesB. GalleriesC. MuseumsD. Theatres2. The Tower of London, a historical sight, was built by _____.A. King HaroldB. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the Conqueror3. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A. The Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans4. The United Kingdom is made up of _____ parts.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five5. The capital of the Scotland is _____.A. LondonB. BelfastC. EdinburghD. Cardiff6. The first inhabitants in England are the _____.A. CeltsB. RomansC. NormansD. Danes7. The first invaders to England in 43AD were the _____.A. NormansB. VikingsC. GermansD. Romans8. King Arthur is a well-known king from the legends of the _____.A. JutesB. Anglo-SaxonsC. DanesD. Normans9. “William the Conqueror” defeated and killed the English king in the Battle of _____.A. LondonB. CalaisC. HastingsD. Canterbury10. The king who was executed in the 17th century was _____.A. William IB. Henry IC. Charles ID. George I11. The Scottish king _____ defeated the English army in theBattle of Bannockburn, leading to300 years of full independence for Scotland.A. William WallaceB. Robert the BruceC. James ID. Canute12. The leader of the republican “roundheads” was _____ who killed the king in the 17th century.A. Oliver CromwellB. Robert BurnsC. Winston ChurchillD. Robin Hood13. By whom is a “vote of no confidence” decided?A. The House of CommonsB. The House of LordsC. The Prime MinisterD. The two big parties14. Which of the following books is written by Geoffrey Chaucer?A. BeowulfB. The Canterbury TalesC. Treasure IslandD. Ivanhoe15. which of the following tragedy written by Shakespeare?A. Dr. FaustusB. FrankensteinC. HamletD. Sense and Sensibility16. In Britain, the greatest majority of parents send their children to _____.A. private schoolsB. public schoolsC. state schoolsD. grammar schools17. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London?A. The cultural centre.B. The business centre.C. The financial centreD. The sports centre.18. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?A. James IIB. William of OrangeC. Oliver CromwellD. George I19. Which of the following DID NOT belong to Romanticism?A. KeatsB. ShellyC. WordsworthD. Defoe20. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?A. The University of CambridgeB. The University of OxfordC. The University of EdinburghD. The University of Buckingham21. Which of the following is NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development ofEurope?A. The growth of capitalismB. The RenaissanceC. The Religious ReformationD. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church22. The following are the founding fathers of the United States except _____.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. William PennD. Benjamin Franklin23. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of _____.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution24. The following are the writers of the Declaration of Independence except _____.A. Thomas JeffersonB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Benjamin Franklin25. The man who named the American primitive people “Indians” is _____.A. Amerigo VespucciB. Christopher ColumbusC. Henry HudsonD. John Cabot26. The Seven Year’s War was fought between Britain and _____.A. SpainB. HollandC. FranceD. Portugal27. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland28. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws and levy federal taxes?A. The executiveB. The legislativeC. The judicialD. The president29. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A. The freedom of religionB. The freedom of searching a person’s home by policeC. The freedom of speech and of the pressD. The right of owning weapon if one wishes30. The New Deal was started by _____.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson31. The “American system” of mass production was first used in _____.A. car industryB. textile industryC. firearms industryD. agriculture32. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?A. bankingB. management consultationC. airlineD. steelmaking33. The United States was rated the _____ in the world in terms of land area and the size ofpopulation.A. secondB. thirdC. fourthD. fifth34. In which year was the USA rated NO. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world?A. 1920B. 1950C. 1945D. 196035. The USA produces as much as half of the world’s _____.A. wheat and riceB. cottonC. tobacco and vegetable oilD. soybeans and corn36. The latest technology that the American farmers have adopted is _____.A. artificial fertilizersB. pesticideC. tractorsD. computers37. Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?A. Edgar Allan PoeB. Natty BumppoC. Washington IrvingD. Rip Van Winkle38. Which of the following was written by James Fenimore Cooper?A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC. The Masque of the Red DeathD. Moby Dick39. Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?A. mathematics and languagesB. politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD. music and physical education40. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by _____.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmastersD. boards of education41. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except _____.A. investmentB. student tuitionC. endowmentsD. government funding42. Who was the author of the popular play The Melting Pot?A. Mark TwainB. Stephen CraneC. Henry JamesD. Israel Zangwill43. Which of the following was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s main concern?A. health careB. personal freedomC. material wealthD. social justice44. Which of the following institutions is responsible for the making of the Internet?A. the US militaryB. the US entertainment industryC. the US film industryD. the US education sector45. Niagara Falls is located in the State of _____.A. New YorkB. VirginiaC. North CarolinaD. South California46. If you visit Alaska, you can see the following except _____.A. northern Polar LightB. glaciersC. surfersD. caribou47. The Everglades, du bbed with the name of “the River of Grass”, is _____ containing a largecollection of wildlife.A. a green riverB. a deep valleyC. a subtropical wetlandsD. a small island48. Michael Jordan is a famous player of _____.A. footballB. basketballC. baseballD. tennis49. Ronald Reagan used to be a _____.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer50. Which of the following remarks is NOT true about Hawaii?A. Hawaii is made up of a large group of big and small islandsB. There are numerous active volcanoes in HawaiiC. More than 40 percent of the local residents in Hawaii are American AsiansD. The Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941Fill in the blanks:1.The United Kingdom consists of __________, __________, __________, and _____________.2.The English language has three stages in its history. They are _______________,_______________, _______________.3.The novel Robinson Crusoe was written by____________________.4.The doctrine of the “divine right of kings” held that the sovereign derived his authority from_______, not from _________.5.The party which wins the majority seats in parliament forms ______ and its party leaderbecomes_______.6.Normally a government of the United Kingdom can be in power for____years, and then it hasto resign and hold a general election.7.The “Jewel in the Crown”of the British Empire____, which provided _______ and a bigmarket for British goods, gained independence in 1947.8.Since 1945, the UK has experienced ______ decline rather than _____ decline./doc/d316531671.html, two of the tragedies written by William Shakespeare:___________________, _____________________.10.Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte are noted for their respective novel __________________and ____________________ which are largely the love stories ofa woman for a man.11.The author of Ivanhoe was _______________, Charles Dickens novel ___________________tells the story of an orphan child drawn into crime in the London underworld.12.The two oldest universities in Britain are _________________ and _____________________.13.American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.They were______, _______, and _______./doc/d316531671.html, two of the taxes imposed on North American colonies by the British Parliament on theeve of the American Revolution: ___________________ and ___________________.15.After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called______, and theagreement that guided the government was________.16.A federal system is one in which power is shared between______ and______with some rightsreserved to each.17.Two major political parties in the USA are_______ and _______.18.The best-known stock exchange is________ located in________ area of New York City.19._______ and ___________ are the two major writers of the post-revolutionary period./doc/d316531671.html, two of Ernest Hemingway’s famous novels: ____________________________, and ___________________________________________.21.About 90% of the American students go to ___________ schools and 10% attend_______________ schools.22.In the Declaration of Independence (1776), Thomas Jefferson wrote the classic words whichwere widely acclaimed as the traditional values by all Americans, they are: “_____, _____, _________”.23.By the 1960s, the Foreign Service began to recruit its members through a highly competitivetest open to all, regardless of______, ______, and________.。

大一英美概况试题及答案

大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United States of America is commonly referred to as:A. UKB. USAC. USD. America答案：C2. The United Kingdom is located in:A. North AmericaB. South AmericaC. EuropeD. Asia答案：C3. The official language of the United States is:A. SpanishB. FrenchC. EnglishD. German答案：C4. The capital of the United Kingdom is:A. LondonB. ManchesterC. EdinburghD. Glasgow答案：A5. The currency used in the United States is:A. Pound SterlingB. EuroC. DollarD. Yen答案：C6. The population of the United States is approximately:A. 50 millionB. 150 millionC. 300 millionD. 500 million答案：C7. The United Kingdom is a member of the European Union (EU):A. TrueB. False答案：B8. The United States is a federal republic consisting of:A. 50 statesB. 48 statesC. 52 statesD. 46 states答案：A9. The United Kingdom's system of government is:A. MonarchyB. RepublicC. CommunistD. Dictatorship答案：A10. The United States was founded on:A. July 4, 1776B. July 4, 1777C. July 4, 1775D. July 4, 1783答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The largest city in the United States is ________.答案：New York City2. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ________.答案：Northern Ireland3. The national anthem of the United States is called________.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner4. The United Kingdom's national anthem is ________.答案：God Save the Queen5. The United States is bordered by ________ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada6. The United Kingdom's national flag is known as the________.答案：Union Jack7. The President of the United States is elected for a term of ________ years.答案：four8. The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the ________.答案：government9. The United States is divided into three main regions: the Northeast, the South, and the ________.答案：West10. The United Kingdom is part of the ________ continent.答案：European三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the political system of the United States.答案：The United States has a federal system of government with three branches: the legislative (Congress), the executive (President), and the judicial (Supreme Court). The President serves as both the head of state and the head of government.2. Explain the role of the Queen in the United Kingdom.答案：The Queen is the constitutional monarch of the United Kingdom and serves as the symbol of national unity. Her role is largely ceremonial, and she does not have direct political power.3. What are the main cultural influences in the United States? 答案：The United States has a diverse cultural landscape influenced by its indigenous peoples, European settlers, African slaves, and immigrants from all over the world. The main cultural influences include Native American traditions, European heritage, African American culture, and the melting pot of immigrant cultures.四、论述题（30分）Discuss the historical significance of the AmericanRevolution and its impact on the development of the United States.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that led to the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It marked the end of British colonialrule and the beginning of a new era of self-governance. The Revolution was significant because it was the firstsuccessful colonial revolt against a major European power. It also set a precedent for other colonies seeking independence and inspired movements for democracy and self-determination around the world. The impact of the American Revolution isstill felt today in the form of the democratic principles and values enshrined in the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights, which continue to shape the nation's political and social landscape.。

英美概况复习题

英美概况复习题Chapter 1 of the UKI. Make a Choice1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.A. 211,440B. 244,110C. 241,410D. 242,5342. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.A. northernB. easternC. southernD. western3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.A. Northern IrelandB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Wales4. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.A. 1707B. 1921C. 1801D. 16075. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.A. the Scottish HighlandsB. WalesC. EnglandD. Northern Ireland6. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.A. north to southB. south to northC. east to westD. west to east7. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. SevernB. ClydeC. BannD. Thames8. London is situated on the River of _____.A. ClydeB. ThamesC. SevernD. Bristol9. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland10. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.A. ScotlandB. WalesC. EnglandD. Northern Ireland11. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.A. ScotlandB. EnglandC. Northern IrelandD. Wales12. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.A. 1964B. 1946C. 1694D. 184213. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.A. the AnglesB. the SaxonsC. the PictsD. the Jutes14. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.A. CardiffB. BelfastC. LeithD. Glasgow15. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____B.C.A. 410B. 750C. 300D. 106616. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.A. 60%B. 80%C. 70%D. 90%17. About _____ percent of the population live in cities ortowns.A. 80B. 85C. 90D. 9818. The highest mountain in Britain is _____.A. Mt. MourneB. Mt. SnowdonC. Mt. SeafellD. Ben Nevis19. The second largest city in England is _____.A. GlasgowB. BirminghamC. ManchesterD. Liverpool20. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.A. GaelsB. BritonsC. Anglo-SaxonsD. CeltsII. Fill in the Blanks.1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.7. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.8. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.9. The most important river is the River of _____.10. Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.11. B ritain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.12. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.13. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.14. In Wales many people speak _____.15. People sing the national anthem in _____.16. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.17. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.18. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.19. The British national anthem is _____ _____ _____ _____.20. The U.K. lies to the _____ of France.Chapter 3 of the UKI. Make a Choice.1. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _____ century.A. 14thB. 8thC. 6thD. 4th2. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.A. Oliver CromwellB. Charles IC. William ID. Charles II3. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.A. SaxonsB. ScotsC. WelshD. Wessex4. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.A. the King of Denmark and NorwayB. the king of EnglandC. Julius CaesarD. the Archbishop of Canterbury5. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.A. DanesB. IberiansC. RomansD. Celts6. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.A. NorwayB. DenmarkC. FranceD. both A and B7. Norman Conquest began in _____.A. 1016B. 1066C. 1035D. 16888. Charles I was beheaded in _____.A. 1649B. 1648C. 1653D. 16889. It was _____ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.A. Edward IB. Henry IVC. Simon de MontfortD. William I10. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____.A. Henry TurnerB. Watt TylerC. RichardD. Joan of Arc11. The English Church was strictly _____.A. nationalB. internationalC. regionalD. racial12. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.A. King Henry IIB. King RichardC. King JohnD. William I13. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.A. growB. flourishC. decline14. The Parliament of 1265 which is known as the “_____” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.A. All Estates ParliamentB. Model ParliamentC. Long ParliamentD. Short Parliament15. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.A. the Wars of RosesB. the Hundred Years’ WarC. Peasant UprisingD. Black Death16. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.A. feudalismB. capitalismC. CatholicismD. Imperialism17. In the 14th century took place the _____, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.A. EarthquakeB. Black DeathC. DroughtD. Famine18. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.A. TudorB. LancasterC. Plantagenet19. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.A. whiteB. redC. pinkD. yellow20. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.A. novelistB. dramatistC. poetD. essayist21. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England.A. The Constitutional MonarchyB. All Estates ParliamentC. House of LancasterD. British Parliament22. In 1337 the hostility between England and __ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.A. FranceB. SpainC. RussiaD. Germany23. The Industrial Revolution first started in _____.A. the iron industryB. the textile industryC. the coal industryD. the pottery industry24. The English Prime Minister during the Second World Warwas _____.A. ChurchillB. ChamberlainC. BaldwinD. Robert Walpore25. _____ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.A. George StephensonB. Samuel CromptonC. James HargreavesD. James Watt26. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.A. IndianB. QingC. IrishD. Spanish27. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.A. Declaratory ActB. Treaty of ParisC. Treaty of MontgomeryD. Treaty of Versailles28. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.A. FranceB. IndiaC. ChinaD. America29. During the Civil Wars (1642 –1648) the supporters of Parliament were called _____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.A. Tory, LiberalB. Roundheads, CavaliersC. Tory, WhigD. Conservative, Labor30. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.A. final unification of EnglandB. foundation of aristocracyC. great administrative progressD. some peculiarities of dialectII. Fill in the Blanks.1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall.3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.4. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.5. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.6. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.7. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.8. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.9. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.10. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.11. T he _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.12. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.13. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ andthe _____.14. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.15. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.16. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.17. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Prote stants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.18. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “_____”.19. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.20. English Renaissance began in _____ century.21. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.22. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century.23. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world.24. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.25. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.Chapter 5 of the UKI. Make a Choice.1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the age of _____ to _____.A. 5, 16B. 6, 17C. 7, 18D. 6, 182. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.B. independentC. localD. international3. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.A. records of attendanceB. governing councilC. tutorial systemD. academic level4. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.A. oldB. newC. ScottishD. religious5. The _____University offers courses through one of BBC’s television channels and by radio.A. OpenB. NewC. Middle-agedD. Adult6. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.A. stateB. independentC. religiousD. public7. The oldest university in Britain is _____.A. CambridgeB. Edinburgh UniversityD. London UniversityII. Fill in the Blanks.1. There are two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain. They are the _____ school and the _____ school.2. The independent school or “_____” school is few in number but of great influence.3. The old universities in Britain refer to _____ and _____.4. Oxford got started in the _____ century.Chapter 6 of the UKI. Make a Choice.1. The British Monarchy is _____.A. electiveB. democraticC. hereditaryD. appointed2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the _____ century.A. 17thB. 16thC. 15thD. 18th3. The _____ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.A. Prime MinisterB. CrownC. ParliamentD. the Upper House4. The life of Parliament is fixed at _____ years.A. fourB. sixC. fiveD. three5. The House of Commons consists of _____ members who are elected from the electoral districts.A. 651B. 535C. 635D. 100,6. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is _____.A. Lord ChancellorB. SpeakerC. Prime ministerD. monarch7. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _____.A. GovernmentB. OppositionC. Privy CouncilD. Prime Minister II. Fill in the Blanks.1. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _____.2. The British Parliament consists of three elements –the _____, the House of _____, and the House of _____.3. The official head of Parliament is the _____.4. The government cannot legally spend any money without the permission of he House of _____.5. The House of Lords is also called the _____ House, the House of Commons the _____ House.6. The two major parties in Britain are the _____ Party and the_____ Party.7. Every _____ years a general election is held in Britain.8. The headquarters of the London police is the famous _____ _____.Chapter 7 of the UKI. Make a Choice.1. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.A. journalsB. daily newspapersC. local papersD. Sunday newspapers2. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.A. payment from all people who possess TV setsB. the income from advertisementsC. some large corporationsD. British government3. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.A. 1518B. 1815C. 1851D. 15884. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.A. CricketB. SoccerC. RugbyD. Horse racing5. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.A. hockeyB. tennisC. netballD. soccer6. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.A. Benjamin FranklinB. Sir Benjamin HallC. the 315-foot Clock TowerD. White Hall7. You could find the world-famou s Speakers’ Corner in _____.A. Great RussellB. Hyde ParkC. Westminster AbbeyD. Tower of London8. _____ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.A. White HallB. St. Paul’s CathedralC. Westminster AbbeyD. St. Peter Cathedral9. _____ is the monarch’s present London home.A. Westminster PalaceB. Buckingham PalaceC. Whitehall PalaceD. Winsor Castle10. What the Englishmen usually talk about in their daily life is _____.A. priceB. taxC. weatherD. sports11. Boxing Day is on _____.A. the first weekday after ChristmasB. the following day of ChristmasC. the last Sunday of DecemberD. the fourth Thursday of December12. The festival which celebrates a historical event is _____.A. Good FridayB. Remembrance DayC. Guy Fawkes DayD. Christmas13. The birthday of the _____ is a National Day in Britain.A. head of the House of CommonsB. British MonarchC. Prime MinisterD. Lord Chancellor14. The Church of England is also called _____.A. the Anglican ChurchB. the CongregationalC. the Salvation ArmyD. PuritanismII. Fill in the Blanks.1. Almost all the national papers are published in the city of _____.2. The _____ _____ is the national centre of the press in the UK.3. The most famous broadcasting company is _____ _____ _____.4. The most well-known news agency is _____.5. _____ is regarded as the most English games.6. The place where many famous figures are buried is called _____ _____.7. The _____ of _____ was a state prison from Norman times.8. The nickname for Britain is _____ _____.9. Christmas Day is on __, ___, which is the greatest of the Christian festivals.10. April Fool’s Day which makes you an “April Fool” falls on _____.11. Father Christmas is also called _____ _____, who gives presents only to children and knows what every child wants.Chapter 1 of the USI. Make a Choice.1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeasternD. southern2. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. MichiganD. Ontario3. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. VirginiaD. Texas4. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. LaurenceD. Hudson5. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. BostonD. Washington D.C.6. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. RockyD. Cascades7. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. VictoriaD. Michigan8. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and HuronD. Ontario and Huron9. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. MexicoD. Canada10. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. PacificD. Arctic11. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourthD. secondII. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.8. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.9. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.10. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.11. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.12. The population of the United States is about _____ million.13. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbor.Chapter 3 of the USI. Make a Choice.1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 1776D. 17742. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New YorkD. Washington D.C.3. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker HillD. Gettysburg4. The Constitutional Convention was held in _____ .A. 1776B. 1787C.1791D. 18035. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil RightsD. Statute6. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from FranceD. founding the US7. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 1816D. 1812, 18188. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/3D. 1/59. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. BostonD. Atlanta10. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James MadisonD. Thomas Monroe11. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Declaration of IndependenceD. Both A and B12. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. RichmondD. Saratoga13. The first American President from the Republican Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington14. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 1919D. 1914,191915. The assassination of a (n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.。

大一英美概况试题及答案

大一英美概况试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United Kingdom consists of four countries, which one is not included?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Ireland答案：D2. Which of the following is not a major city in the United States?A. New YorkB. Los AngelesC. ChicagoD. Toronto答案：D3. The English language originated from which country?A. GermanyB. FranceC. EnglandD. Spain答案：C4. What is the capital of the United States?A. New YorkB. Washington D.C.C. Los AngelesD. Chicago答案：B5. Which of the following is not a traditional British sport?A. CricketB. RugbyC. American FootballD. Golf6. The Statue of Liberty is located in which city?A. New York CityB. Los AngelesC. ChicagoD. San Francisco答案：A7. Which of the following is not a British colony?A. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. Brazil答案：D8. The United States declared its independence from which country?A. FranceC. Great BritainD. Germany答案：C9. Which of the following is not a major British holiday?A. ChristmasB. EasterC. ThanksgivingD. Boxing Day答案：C10. The American Civil War took place between which years?A. 1861-1865B. 1812-1814C. 1775-1783D. 1914-1918答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United Kingdom is made up of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and ______.答案：Northern Ireland2. The official language of the United Kingdom is ______.答案：English3. The United States is divided into ______ states.答案：fifty4. The largest city in the United Kingdom is ______.答案：London5. The currency of the United Kingdom is the ______.答案：Pound Sterling6. The United States is bordered by ______ to the north and Mexico to the south.答案：Canada7. The first permanent English settlement in the Americas was established at ______.答案：Jamestown8. The American Revolution began with the ______.答案：Boston Tea Party9. The ______ is the highest court in the United Kingdom.答案：Supreme Court10. The ______ is the national anthem of the United States.答案：The Star-Spangled Banner三、简答题（每题10分，共40分）1. Describe the geographical features of the United Kingdom.答案：The United Kingdom is an island nation located off the northwestern coast of mainland Europe. It consists of four countries: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The country is known for its diverse landscapes, including the rolling hills of the countryside, the rugged coastlines, and the bustling cities. The climate is generally temperate, with mild winters and cool summers.2. Explain the significance of the American Revolution.答案：The American Revolution was a pivotal event in world history that marked the birth of the United States as an independent nation. It was fought between 1775 and 1783 and resulted in the colonies breaking free from British rule. The revolution was significant for its impact on the principles of democracy, self-governance, and the establishment of a republic based on the rule of law and the consent of the governed.3. Discuss the role of immigration in shaping the United States.答案：Immigration has played a crucial role in shaping the United States, both demographically and culturally. From the early settlers to the waves of immigrants from Europe, Asia, and Latin America, the country has been a melting pot of diverse cultures. Immigration has contributed to the economic growth, cultural richness, and thedevelopment of a unique American identity that values diversity and the pursuit of the American Dream.4. What are the main branches of the UK government?答案：The UK government is structured into three main branches: the Monarchy, the Parliament, and the Judiciary. The Monarchy, currently headed by Queen Elizabeth II, serves as a ceremonial figurehead. The Parliament, which consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords, is responsible for making laws. The Judiciary, with the Supreme Court at its head, interprets the law and ensures that it is applied fairly and consistently.四、论述题（20分）1. Discuss the cultural influences of the United States on the world.答案：The United States has had a profound cultural influence on the world, particularly in the areas of music, film, television, and literature. American pop culture, with its emphasis on individualism and innovation, has spread globally through various media. Hollywood films have become a dominant force in the global entertainment industry, shaping global tastes and preferences. American music genres such as jazz, blues, rock 'n' roll, and hip-hop have also had a significant impact, influencing music worldwide. Additionally, American literature,with its diverse voices and themes, has contributed to global literature and thought. The United States' influence is also seen in its technological advancements, which have transformed communication, business, and everyday life around the world.请注意，以上试题及答案仅供参考，实际考试内容和形式可能有所不同。

英美概况复习题答案

英美概况复习题参考答案一、填空题（每空1分，共20分）1. 阿拉斯加，夏威夷，阿拉斯加，太平，火奴鲁鲁/檀香山2．阿拉巴契亚，落基3．苏格兰，威尔士4．好莱坞，洛杉矶5．大西，英吉利，北6．大宪章7．塞文，泰晤士8．密西西比河9．大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国10．大不列颠，爱尔兰二、单项选择题（共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）三、判断题（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分）四、名词翻译（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1．Church of England2．Magna Carta/ The Great Charter3．cabinet4．Declaration of Independence5．Constitution6. Mayflower7. Shadow Cabinet8. Republican Party9. Labor Party10. Supreme Court五、问答题（共4小题，每小题10分，共40分）1. 工业革命的展开和工业资本主义的发展，工人阶级力量的壮大；1832年的英国议会改革，使工业资产阶级获得了选举权，工人阶级却被排斥于议会之外；工人与资本家的矛盾日益尖锐，工人的生活悲惨；1838年，伦敦工人协会的工人领袖与议会的激进派议员共同草拟了一份请愿书，并命名为“人民宪章”。

2. 经济：生产力迅速发展；政治：巩固了资本主义各国的统治基础，引起了社会结，构的重大变革，出现两大对立阶级；生活：城市化。

人们的生活方式和价值观在逐渐变化；国际关系：密切了世界各地之间的联系，改变了世界的面貌，最终确立了资产阶级对世界的统治。

3. 北美独立战争是一个伟大的历史事件。

它推翻了英国在北美的殖民统治，使北美成为独立自主的资产阶级民主共和国；解放了美国的生产力，为美国资本主义的发展扫清了道路；在国际上，它推动了法国资产阶级革命，促进了英国的民主改革，影响了欧洲各国的资产阶级革命；它也给当时整个美洲的民族独立运动以深远的影响。

大学英美概况试题及答案

大学英美概况试题及答案# 大学英语英美概况试题及答案一、选择题1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 伦敦B. 爱丁堡C. 曼彻斯特D. 利物浦答案：A2. 美国的独立日是什么时候？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 8月15日D. 9月11日答案：A3. 以下哪个不是英国的传统节日？A. 圣诞节B. 复活节C. 感恩节D. 圣乔治日答案：C4. 美国的官方语言是什么？A. 英语B. 西班牙语C. 法语D. 德语答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 英镑C. 美元D. 日元答案：B二、填空题6. 英国由四个构成国组成，分别是_________、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰。

答案：英格兰7. 美国的首都是_________。

答案：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区8. 英国的国花是_________。

答案：玫瑰9. 美国的人口最多的州是_________。

答案：加利福尼亚州10. 英国的国歌是_________。

答案：《天佑女王》或《天佑国王》三、简答题11. 简述英国的地理位置。

答案：英国位于欧洲大陆西北面，由大不列颠岛和爱尔兰岛的北部以及其他许多小岛组成。

它被北海、英吉利海峡、凯尔特海、爱尔兰海和大西洋所环绕。

12. 描述美国的地理特征。

答案：美国位于北美洲，东临大西洋，西濒太平洋，北接加拿大，南界墨西哥和墨西哥湾。

美国有着多样化的地理特征，包括广阔的平原、高耸的山脉、深邃的峡谷和广阔的森林。

13. 英国和美国在文化上有哪些主要差异？答案：英国和美国虽然共享许多文化元素，但也存在显著差异。

例如，英国人通常更加保守和传统，而美国人则更加开放和自由。

在饮食方面，英国人喜欢喝茶和享用全英式早餐，而美国人则偏爱咖啡和快餐。

此外，英国人重视礼节和等级制度，而美国人则倾向于更加平等和非正式的社交方式。

四、论述题14. 论述英美两国在教育体系上的主要差异。

答案：英国的教育体系强调学术深度和专业研究，学生通常在16岁后选择特定学科进行深入学习。

英美概况考试题汇总

英美概况考试题汇总一、英国部分1. 英国的全名：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。

国家元首：女王伊丽莎白二世。

国土面积：24.36万平方公里。

人口：6020万。

首相：戈登·布朗。

分四个部分：英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰、北爱尔兰。

首府分别为：伦敦、加迪夫、爱丁堡和贝尔法斯特。

大伦敦市下设一个对的金融城（City of London）和32个城区（London Boroughs）。

2. 英国最长的河流是：塞文河（354公里）；最重要的河流为泰晤士河，流经伦敦，全长346公里。

最大的湖泊讷湖，在北爱尔兰境内，面积396平方公里。

3. 英国的气候主要受北大西洋暖流的影响，属海洋性温带阔叶林气候。

终年温和多雨。

天气易变，难以预测。

4. 1707年英格兰与苏格兰合并，不列颠岛统一。

1801年又与爱尔兰合并。

1922年爱尔兰南部脱离英国统治，成立爱尔兰共和国。

5. 现代英国民族的基本成分是三个日耳曼部族，他们是：盎格鲁、萨克森和朱特。

6. 爱德华一世最后终于在1282年成功征服了威尔士北部和西部的最后一个当地的威尔士公国（大约是今天的安格鲁西郡、凯尔纳冯夏尔郡、麦里昂斯郡、塞勒狄琼郡和凯尔马瑟夏尔郡这块地区），并且在两年之后透过《罗德兰法令》（Statute of Rhuddlan）确立了爱德华一世对此地的统治。

为了平息威尔士人，爱德华一世出生于威尔士的儿子（后来的爱德华二世）在1301年2月7日这天被封为威尔士亲王。

这块直接在王室统治下的地区，便称作威尔士公国（1284年—1536年）。

将威尔士亲王这个头衔封给英国君主的长子便成为了传统，到现今都还持续实行中。

从1284年到1536年之间，英国君主只有对威尔士公国有直接的控制权，而其他边界地区的领主则独立于王权之外（他们统治有威尔士东部和南部地区）。

1536年颁布的《联合法案》才进一步完成了英格兰和威尔士在政治和行政上的统一。

这个联合法案将威尔士划分为13个郡，分别是：安格鲁西郡、布莱根郡、凯尔纳冯郡、卡尔狄更郡、凯尔马瑟郡、丹比夫郡、佛林特郡、葛莱摩根郡、麦里昂斯郡、蒙茅斯郡、蒙哥马里郡、彭布鲁克郡和拉德诺郡。

英美概况况复习题

Chapter 1 Geography and Population1. Where are the UK and the USA respectively located?2. What are the similarities and differences in the physiographical features between the UK and the USA?3. What are the major rivers and mountains in the UK and the USA?4. What is the possible significance of the geography of the USA to the development of the economy in the country?5. Which, geography or human beings, is more important in the development of a country? Justify your point of view.6. Compare the population of the UK with that of the USA. (e.g. composition, distribution, etc.)7. Compare London with Washington D.C.8. Who were the natives in the UK and in the USA?9. What are similarities and differences of concentration of population in the UK and the USA? Chapter 2 History1. Compare the beginnings of the UK with those of the USA.2. How did the Normans establish the first House in Britain?3. Why was it important to discover America?4. How and why did the Puritans come to North America?5. How did France, Spain and England divide North America after the discovery of America?6. What were the conflicts between England and American colonists?7. What are the contents of the Magna Carta? What is its nature?8. What is the nature of the Hundred Y ears’ War? What are the consequences?9. Why could the Industrial Revolution first take place in the UK?10. How did the Wars of the Roses proceed?11. What led to the outbreak of the War of American Independence?12. What is the significance of the American Civil War?13. What are the causes of the First World War?14. What roles did the UK and the USA play in the Second World War?15. Why did the USA experience the six economic crises while the UK did not?16. What did the UK nationalization mean and why was there nationalization in the UK?17. Why was the UK no longer a world major power after the Second World War and what did the labour government try to do in order to catch up?18. What is the real problem of the Northern Ireland and what is your suggestion of solution to the problem?19. Why does the USA remain an economic power in the world?20. When and how did the Civil Rights Movement happen in the USA and what is its significance?21. Why was there a Cold War after the Second World War? What is its consequence? What lesson can we draw from it?Chapter 3 Political Systems1. What is the political system of the UK? What is the political system of the USA? Compare them.2. Comment on “She (the Queen) reigns but she does not rule.”3. Why do we say that “the members of the stronger party in the House of Commons are thereal law-makers”?4. What is the essence of the political system in both the UK and the USA?5. How does a bill become an act, or a law in the UK and in the USA?6. Why do the British value their opposition party?7. Why do the British exercise the two-party system?8. Who cannot vote in the British general election and why?9. What are the serious disadvantages in the British general election? What do you think of them?10. What are the disadvantages of the primary election in the USA?11. What is “the winner-take-all” principle?12. Compare the British party system with the American party system igogo and the principlesChapter 4 Economy and Foreign Relations1. What is the difference between the function of nationalization in the UK and the function of government support in the USA?2. Why couldn’t US economy avoid economic crises?3. What are the features of the UK economy and the features of the US economy respectively? What is the difference between them?4. Make a contrast between the agriculture in the UK and that in the USA.5. Compare the industry in the UK with that in the USA.6. What are the uses of corn in the US and why do the Americans use corn as forage as well?7. Why do the Americans have the agricultural belts?8. What are the characteristics of the British trade?9. What are the striking contrasts between trade in the UK and that in the USA?10. What is the function of the UK in the European Union?11. What is the function of the UK in the NA TO?12. Comment on the relation between the USA and Russia.13. Comment on the relation between the USA and the UK.14. Comment on the relation between the USA and the PRC.15. Why was there the Cold War?Chapter 5 Culture1. What are the problems of the British science?2. Why did the American science develop so quickly?3. What are the contributions that the UK has made in science?4. In what fields does the USA take the lead in modern sciences?5. What are the three symbols of technology?6. Compare the elementary education of the UK with that of the USA.7. Compare the secondary education of the UK with that of the USA.8. Make a contrast between the higher education in the UK and that of the USA.9. Make a contrast between the public school in the UK and the private school at the high school level in the USA.10. What does “middle school” mean to an American?11. Do you like “tutorial system” in the UK? Why or why not?12. Compare BBC with NBC.13. Make a comparison between the broadcasting system in the UK and that in the USA.14. What are the features of the British press? Why is there no censorship of the British press?15. Make a contrast between the Reuters and the Associated Press?16. Why could the USA broadcast and televise the trans-Atlantic news after 1965?17. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of television. (??? – icywarmtea)18. Why is cricket regarded as the most English of games?19. What is the British sportsmanship? How do you like it?20. Who introduced bowling into the USA? What do you think of it?21. What are the popular sports in the UK and in the USA? Compare them.22. What is an anthem? What is the difference between an anthem and a song?23. How do you like the deleted stanza in God Save the Queen? Why do you think so?24. What do you think of the rhyming in the national anthem of the USA?25. Compare the national anthem of the UK with that of the USA.26. Why do the British use Jack as part of the name of the national flag of the UK?27. Why do the Americans use stars and stripes as the symbols of the USA?Chapter 6 Social Life and Religion1. What are the shared customs in the UK and in the USA?2. What are the customs which only the USA possesses?3. What are the customs which only the UK has?4. How do yerror Royal Traditions?5. Why do the British people like to talk about the weather?6. Comment on the “Self-Made” man.7. What holidays are shared holidays both in the UK and in the USA?8. What holidays are the holidays that only the UK celebrates?9. What holidays does the USA celebrate only?10. Compare the Hyde Park in the UK with the Y ellowstone National Park in the US.11. What is the feature of Madame Tussaud’s?12. Why is the New Y ear’s Day celebration different in England and in Scotland?13. Why is it difficult and elastic to describe the social life in the UK and in the US?14. What are the five aspects in the explanation of the social life in the UK?15. What are the five aspects in the explanation of the social life in the USA? How do you like the aspects in terms of the social life in the UK and in the USA respectively?16. Why is the rate of divorce in the US high? Can you make some comments on this issue?17. How do you treat the gap between the poor and the rich?18. What are the main features of the British worship?19. Can you make a contrast between the features of American worship and those of British worship?20. What is the British worship in general?21. What is the American worship? Is there any similarity or difference between the British worship and the American worship?22. Can you say something about the problems of religion in the USA?how many metropolitan areas does England have? 英国有几个主要城市？A: seven. 七个2、what is the backbone of England? 英国的“脊柱“是什么？A: the pennines.奔宁山脉(位于英国北部) 3、from what languages is english derived? A:english is mainly derived the anglo-saxon and norman-french languages. A.英语主要起源于盎格鲁撒克逊语及法国诺而曼语。

英美概况复习题

英美概况复习题英美概况复习题一、地理概况英美两国位于北美洲，英国位于欧洲西北部，英国是英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰四个国家的联合王国，美国则是由50个州组成的联邦共和国。

英国是一个岛国，由大不列颠岛和北爱尔兰岛组成，美国则是一个大陆国家，横跨北美洲。

英国的首都是伦敦，美国的首都是华盛顿特区。

二、历史概况英国是一个历史悠久的国家，曾经是大英帝国的核心。

英国在16世纪经历了工业革命，成为世界上第一个工业化国家，对世界的政治、经济和文化产生了深远的影响。

美国则是一个相对较年轻的国家，于18世纪末脱离英国殖民地的统治，成立了独立的美利坚合众国。

美国在19世纪经历了西进运动和内战，逐渐成为世界上最强大的国家之一。

三、政治制度英国是一个君主立宪制国家，国家元首是女王伊丽莎白二世，但实际上政府的运作主要由首相和议会负责。

英国的议会制度是二院制，由上议院和下议院组成。

美国则是一个总统制国家，国家元首和政府首脑是同一人，即总统。

美国的议会制度是两院制，由参议院和众议院组成。

四、经济概况英国是一个发达的资本主义经济体，以服务业为主导，金融、保险、房地产等行业发达。

英国是世界上最大的外汇市场之一，伦敦也是全球金融中心之一。

美国是世界上最大的经济体，以多元化的经济结构闻名，制造业、金融业、科技业等都非常发达。

美国的纽约、洛杉矶等城市也是世界级的金融中心和商业中心。

五、文化概况英国和美国都有丰富的文化遗产。

英国是莎士比亚的故乡，拥有众多文学巨匠，如狄更斯、奥斯卡·王尔德等。

英国的音乐、戏剧和电影产业也非常发达，披头士乐队、皇后乐队等都是英国的文化符号。

美国是好莱坞的发源地，拥有世界上最大的电影产业。

美国的音乐、文学和艺术也非常丰富多样，爵士乐、摇滚乐、现代艺术等都是美国的文化瑰宝。

六、教育体系英国和美国都拥有世界一流的教育体系。

英国的剑桥大学、牛津大学等享有盛誉，被认为是世界上最好的大学之一。

美国的哈佛大学、斯坦福大学等也是世界顶尖的教育机构。

大专英美概况试题及答案

大专英美概况试题及答案1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 悉尼D. 巴黎答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 7月14日C. 7月1日D. 7月7日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国的总统任期是多久？A. 4年B. 5年C. 6年D. 8年答案：A5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 美元B. 欧元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国旗被称为什么？A. 星条旗B. 红白蓝旗C. 联合杰克D. 红白旗答案：A7. 英国的哪个城市是世界著名的金融中心？A. 纽约B. 伦敦C. 巴黎D. 法兰克福答案：B8. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：C9. 英国的哪个地区是著名的工业革命发源地？A. 伦敦B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 伯明翰答案：B10. 美国的哪个州是美国人口最多的州？A. 加利福尼亚州B. 德克萨斯州C. 纽约州D. 佛罗里达州答案：A11. 英国的哪个大学是世界上最古老的大学之一？A. 牛津大学B. 剑桥大学C. 哈佛大学D. 耶鲁大学答案：A12. 美国的哪个城市被誉为“天使之城”？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 旧金山答案：A13. 英国的哪个历史事件标志着现代议会制度的诞生？A. 光荣革命B. 工业革命C. 玫瑰战争D. 诺曼征服答案：A14. 美国的哪个总统被认为是最伟大的总统之一？A. 乔治·华盛顿B. 亚伯拉罕·林肯C. 富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福D. 约翰·肯尼迪答案：B15. 英国的哪个历史时期是文艺复兴时期？A. 都铎时期B. 维多利亚时期C. 罗马时期D. 诺曼时期答案：A。

英美概况总复习题目汇总

1. What are the functions of the Bank of England?Answer: Britain's central bank, working in close contact with the government for the control of monetary policy and for giving directives to commercial banks. It is the only note issuing bank in England and Wales. It is also responsible for keeping the exchange rate of British Pound against other currencies within certain limits by operating an Exchange Equalization Account.2. Which are the major political parties now in Britain?Answer: Although there are so many different parties in the United Kingdom, British politics is after all a battle between Conservative and Labor.The Conservative Party believes firmly in private enterprises and free competition. But it did not undo the social legislations passed by the Labor Government. The Labor Party, which is in power now, has traditionally drawn support from the trade unions. It has embraced socialist ideas, supported governmental control of important industries and advocated more equal distribution of the wealth.Among some the key issues around which are the two parties fight are foreign policy and economic policy. Pro-Americanism is thus at the center of British foreign policy for both Conservative and Labor governments, though the opposition always accuses the party in power of being too pro-American.The battle between the two parties over economic policy centers on nationalization and privatization. The Conservatives have been very firm in their belief in free-trade and marketeconomy, while the Labor Party, owing to its socialist origin, has always emphasized the importance of government involvement in the national economy and the role of the state as provider of welfare benefits to citizens.3. What is a welfare state?Answer: The welfare state includes Stoical Security, the National Health Service, the Housing Program, education, and personal services.4. As the Head of State, does the monarch exercise political powers?Answer: The monarch played an active role in making political decisions, but now the monarch functions only as the symbol of the country's unity and formal Head of State.5. Which branch of the Parliament plays a more important role in the law-marking process? Why?Answer: The most important function of the House of Commons is to make laws, known as Act of Parliament. Although both houses are involved in the law making process, the House of Commons has primacy axation Andover the House of Lords, especially in the processing of "money bills" that concern t public expenditure.6. What’s the relationship between the Parliament and the Cabinet in UK?Answer: Parliament is the law-making body of the United Kingdom. The Prime Minister is usually the leader of the majority party in Parliament. After each general election, the monarch would ask the leader of the winning party to be the Prime Minister and form a new Cabinet. The Cabinet is at the center of the British political system. It is the supreme decision-making body in British government. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from members of his own political party in Parliament.7. How many stages is education in the U.K divided into and what are they?Answer: primary, secondary, further education, higher education.8. What are the basic characteristics of British foreign policy after World Wall П?Answer: After World Wall П, Britain adopted an isolationist policy toward Europe but cooperated very closely with the United States in the Cold War.9. Which river is the longest in Canada?Answer: Mackenzie is the longest river in Canada.10. What religion is the most dominant in Canada?Answer: Roman Catholicism.11. What are the indigenous people of Canada?Answer: They are the Indians and the Intuits12. What are the most important sectors in the Canadian economy?Answer：The most important sectors in the Canadian economy are manufacturing industry，IT industry, chemical industry, services, minerals industry , foreign trade, forestry and forest industry, paper industry, agriculture, fishery, energy industry.13. Who were the WASPs?Answer: The WASPs were the White Anglo-Saxon Protestants from England who began to immigrate to America in 1607 and played an important role in winning America's independence from Britain.14. What are the main principles of government in the United States?Answer: The principles of federalism, the separation of powers and the rule of law are the main principles of government in the United States.15. What is the Bill of Rights?Answer：The Bill of Rights belong to the amendment. Amendments can be added to the Constitution when proposed by two thirds of the total members of Congress and ratified by threefourths of all the states.The first ten amendments are known as the Bill of Rights which was ratified in 1791. It listed the rights of the people which the government can not deprive, including the right to freedom of speech and religion, the right to bear arms, the right to jury trial, and the right to security of person and property. The Bill of Rights has since been regarded as the fundamental protection of individual rights against arbitrary power of the government.16. How is the president of the United States elected?Answer: The president of the United States is elected for a term of four years by Electoral College. The presidential candidate who gets the majority of electoral votes becomes the president. The presidential election is a fight between the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The presidential election is done in four stages: first, each of the major party conducts state primary elections to elect delegates to the party convention. The second stage is the party conventions. The third stage is the general election. And the fourth stage is the general vote which is usually held in early November.17. How do the three branches of government check against each other?Answer: No one of the legislative, executive, judicial branches may dominate the others.18. What are the different types of institutions that providehigher education?Answer: There are universities and colleges, vocational and technical institutes.19. What are the most popular forms of American music and how did they develop?Answer: The most popular forms of American music are Jazz, rock and roll and western and country music. Music is an important part of every American’ life Americans use music, especially popular music to convey cultural and social information and to express their emotions. American popular music is often regarded as a symbol of rebellion of the youth against tradition. A famous popular music event in 1969, the Woodstock Art and Fair drew a crowd of 300000 young people .so the Young people is important factors of development.20. Why do Americans love sports?Answer:①Because Americans are very conscious about health and regard outdoor activities as a way to keep healthy and fit;②Because sports are used to express their interests in keeping fit;③Because sports also allow them to engage in mass culture and occupy their leisure time.21. Why did Americans adopt a policy of neutrality at the beginning of both world wars?Answer: Because American's isolationist policy toward European, and American did not want to be involved in European entanglement and stay out of any European conflicts, since the wars too far to affect American.22. How did Australia start as a nation?Answer: Modern Australia has its origin in the 18th century when the Europeans went there. It became a national state on the first day of the 20th century. However, the Aborigine people had lived there for about 60,000 years before the Europeans got there. They were nomadic hunters and food-gatherers, living in extended family groups formed into tribes. Before the Europeans went there, their population was somewherebetween 600,000 and one million. But about to half of the population died after the Europeans got there and exposed them to diseases such as small pox and measles, againstwhich they had no immunity. This rendered the localpopulation powerless against the Europeans when the latter began to arrive in arrive in large numbers in the late 18thcentury.23. Who are the New Zealanders?Answer: The Maori people are natives of the New Zealander. They are Polynesian in origin and probably came to settle in New Zealand in canoes about the 9th to 13th century AD.24. When and why did the British assume authority over New Zealand?Answer: In the 1830s, the British saw it as a way to solve the English economic problem by transferring English capital and surplus labor to New Zealand and create a new English society there.25. Why has sheep been so important to New Zealand?Answer: Because wool export became the founding stone of New Zealand’s economy.26. What is the Conservative Party’s solution to the economic problems in the 1970s? Was it successful? (Answer in Page14) Answer: In 1970s the Conservative Party denationalized most of the industries controlled by the government for the purpose of stimulating private competition.It has achieved some success but unemployment is still high.27. What are the elements that form the national government of the United Kingdom?Answer: The British government comprises the monarch, the parliament and the executive branch led by the prime minister.28. What is the fundamental government policy for education in the United Kingdom?Answer: Compulsory for all children between the ages of 5 and 16 is the fundamental government policy for education in the United Kingdom.29. What is Tony Blair’s “the Third Way”?Answer: Tony Blair’s the “Third Way” which was different from both the old Labor Party’s commitment to the nationalization of the economy and its close relationship with the trade unions and the Conservative Party’s emphasis of extreme individualism and its rejection of community. He is committed to long term economic stability and fiscal transparency. In order to separate politics and economic policy, he made the Bank of England independent. In social policy, the Blair government changed the old Labor Pa rty’s practice of using tax system, public expenditure and price control to reduce inequality and has put emphasis on minimum wage, and supplementing low wages. It also emphasizes individual responsibility.30. What are the differences between the Conservative Party and the Labor Party in their principles? （Chapter13: Britain in the 20th Century）Answer: The Labor Party adopted the principle of Welfare State, full employment and government control of economic development. But the Conservative Party adopted the privatization of state-owned industries and free labor market.。

英美概况考试题目及答案

英美概况考试题目及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 英国的首都是哪里？A. 巴黎B. 伦敦C. 纽约D. 华盛顿特区答案：B2. 美国的独立日是哪一天？A. 7月4日B. 4月17日C. 12月25日D. 11月11日答案：A3. 英国的官方语言是什么？A. 法语B. 德语C. 英语D. 西班牙语答案：C4. 美国最大的城市是哪个？A. 洛杉矶B. 纽约C. 芝加哥D. 休斯顿答案：B5. 英国的货币单位是什么？A. 欧元B. 美元C. 英镑D. 日元答案：C6. 美国的国土面积在世界上排名第几？A. 第一B. 第二C. 第三D. 第四答案：B7. 英国的哪个城市是著名的文化和艺术中心？A. 爱丁堡B. 曼彻斯特C. 利物浦D. 格拉斯哥答案：A8. 美国的哪个州被誉为“黄金之州”？A. 德克萨斯州B. 加利福尼亚州C. 佛罗里达州D. 纽约州答案：B9. 英国的哪位君主在位时间最长？A. 伊丽莎白一世B. 维多利亚女王C. 乔治三世D. 伊丽莎白二世答案：D10. 美国的哪个国家公园以其壮观的峡谷景观而闻名？A. 黄石国家公园B. 大峡谷国家公园C. 优胜美地国家公园D. 阿卡迪亚国家公园答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 英国是由______、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰组成的联合王国。

答案：英格兰12. 美国的首都华盛顿特区是为了纪念美国的第一位总统______而命名的。

答案：乔治·华盛顿13. 英国的国花是______。

答案：玫瑰14. 美国的宪法规定了______个分支的政府。

答案：三15. 英国的______是英国君主的正式住所，也是英国王室的行政总部。

答案：白金汉宫16. 美国的______是该国最大的河流系统，流经美国的中部大平原。

答案：密西西比河17. 英国的______是该国最大的政党之一，传统上与劳动阶级联系在一起。

答案：工党18. 美国的______是该国最高法院的所在地，也是司法部门的象征。

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