同义词辨析练习题
TEM-4同义词辨析
第18组：足够adequate 常含有“充分但刚好足够之程度”的意思，比下面两个弱enough 指数量、份量或程度能满足一种愿望，特别是物质上的需要sufficient 指数量上尤指程度上多能满足或叨叨某种特殊需要，特别是精神上的需求词汇搭配第18组：all (下)all the more 更加all the same 都一样in all 总共not at all 一点也不第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。
adequate, enough, sufficientMore co ffee? No, thanks. I’ve had ___1___.The pension is not ___2___ for living expenses.I hope you will prove ___3___ to the job.第二题：请用以下词组造句all the more, in all参考答案：第一题：1. enough2. sufficient3. adequate第二题：all the more: She’s become beautiful al l the more.in all: There are 34 students in all.第19组：崇敬admire 常用语，指对优秀人物的崇敬钦佩，并含有欣赏爱慕之情adore 原指“崇拜”，现作“敬爱、爱慕”解，口语中常解释为“喜欢”worship 带有宗教色彩，指怀有虔诚的感情，对自己可望而不可及的人物的强烈崇拜。
词汇搭配第19组：alongall along 始终，一直along with 随同……一起get along 进展，相处第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。
admire, adore, worshipI ___1___ him for his courage.Leave him alone. He is now ___2___ the ground she treads on. My mother ___3___ the cinema.第二题：请用以下词组造句all along, along with, get along参考答案：第一题：1. admire2. worshiping3. adores第二题：all along: The dog live with the old lady all along.along with: He came in along with his parentsget along: The twins are always getting along well with each other.词汇辨析第20组：装饰adorn 指原本很美的东西饰以它物使其更美decorate 指用各种各样的图案、色彩、物品等使被装饰的东西焕然一新，以增加节日气氛ornament 指以附属物衬托某物，使其更美丽词汇搭配第20组：angryangry at/with sb. 生某人的气angry at/about sth. 因某事生气第一题：选择正确的单词填入句子。
中考语文词性练习题
中考语文词性练习题一、选择题1. 下列词语中，属于名词的是：A. 快乐B. 跑步C. 研究D. 美丽2. 下列词语中，属于动词的是：A. 勇敢B. 飞翔C. 平静D. 绿色3. 下列词语中，属于形容词的是：A. 讲述B. 喜悦C. 行走D. 高兴4. 下列词语中，属于副词的是：A. 整天B. 轻轻C. 热烈D. 美好二、填空题1. 请在下列句子中，填入适当的名词：______是一种交通工具。
（答案：自行车）2. 请在下列句子中，填入适当的动词：他______在操场上跑步。
（答案：正在）3. 请在下列句子中，填入适当的形容词：这座山非常______。
（答案：高）4. 请在下列句子中，填入适当的副词：她______地完成了老师布置的任务。
（答案：认真）三、改错题1. 将下列句子中的错误词性改正：他（名词）跑得很快。
（答案：他（代词）跑得很快。
）2. 将下列句子中的错误词性改正：这个苹果非常（动词）甜。
（答案：这个苹果非常（形容词）甜。
）3. 将下列句子中的错误词性改正：他们（动词）在讨论问题。
（答案：他们（代词）在讨论问题。
）4. 将下列句子中的错误词性改正：这个花园真（名词）漂亮。
（答案：这个花园真（副词）漂亮。
）四、词性归类题请将下列词语归类到相应的词性：勇敢、快乐、美丽、高兴、喜悦、热烈、美好、轻轻、整天、讲述、行走、研究、飞翔、自行车、操场、山、任务、讨论、花园名词：______、______、______、______、______动词：______、______、______、______、______形容词：______、______、______、______、______副词：______、______、______、______、______（答案略）五、词性转换题请将下列名词转换为相应的形容词：1. 幸福→ _______2. 和平→ _______3. 阳光→ _______4. 知识→ _______5. 青春→ _______六、同义词辨析题请从下列选项中选择与括号内词语词性相同且意义相近的词语：1. 他的（形容词）成绩优异，可以用（名词）______来形容。
初中语文近义词辨析寒梅傲雪
1、能根据语境辨析多义词的意义。
2、能根据语境，恰当地使用同义词、 近义词和反义词。
3、能根据语境，准确地理解词语的特 定意义和临时意义。 4、能正确地运用虚词，特别是“关联 词语”。
近义词的辨析
理解掌握词义是辨析近义词的根本途径， 语言感悟能力和领会能力是其重要资本。
1、分清词义的轻重： 例如：“轻视”和“蔑视” “失望”和“绝望”
例、下列各句中，划线成语使用正确的一项是（
D
）
A、 演讲反应强烈，掌声经久不息，振聋发聩。
B、 这支球队连遭败绩，广大球迷大跌眼镜，对这支球
队不得不刮目相看，开始担心其保级前景。
C、 彩电发展业虽然酝酿着种种新技术的突破，但根本
性的产品创新还指日可待，新产品创新的周期相对较长。
D、 随着《焦点访谈》节目的开播，“焦青天”这个名字
问题。 A.退化 改善 自制 C.蜕化 改变 自治
B.蜕化 D.退化
改变 改善
自制 自治
近义词选用练习：
*依次填入下面括号里的词语，恰当的一组是: B
1.实践证明，对腐败分子的（
的犯罪。 2.真诚的（
），就是对人民
）是建立在互相理解、互相帮助的 ）事实，矢口否认 情谊 情意 歪曲 歪曲
基础之上的。 3.日本军国主义分子肆意（ 对中国的侵略历史。 A.迁就 C.姑息 情谊 情意 曲解 曲解 B.姑息 D.迁就
近义词选用练习：
*依次填入下面括号里的词语，恰当的一组是: C 1.北京奥运会组委会宣布从2004年开始将先后（ ） 新的会徽和吉祥物标志。 2.如果没有（ ）过人生的酸甜苦辣，又怎么能 真正懂得长辈们创业的艰难呢？ 3.父亲虽然不是科班出身，但他在外国文学方面的 造诣足以使专业人士（ ）。 A.起用 体味 侧目 B.起用 体验 刮目 C.启用 体味 刮目 D.启用 体验 侧目
高考语文同义词运用辨析练习(一)含答案
高考语文同义词运用辨析练习（一）含答案1、（北京）在文中横线处填入下列词语，正确的一项是（）菜籽油含有亚油酸、亚麻酸、花生酸等三种人体________的脂肪酸，还有油酸。
籽油能______胆固醇在小肠的吸收，还能促进肝内胆固醇的降解和排出，因此，对______心血管病的发生有一定作用。
A．必须抑止防治 B.必须抑制防止C. 必需抑止防治D.必需抑制防止2、（重庆）依次填入下边一段文字横线处的关联词语，衔接最恰当的一组是（）当你还是一棵幼苗的时候，别人不容易在远处看到你。
_______他们从你身边走过____站在你身边，也可能视而不见，__________你还不引人注目。
而______你长成一株大树，哪怕在很远的地方，别人也会看到你，并且欣赏你。
A. 虽然甚至因为如果B. 虽然或者除非只有C. 即使或者除非只有D. 即使甚至因为如果3、（天津）3．下列各句横线处应填入的词语，最恰当的一组是（）（1）比起秋天的枫林来，夏天的枫林没有那么撩人的红韵，但那生机盎然的绿，着的却是一股青春的朝气。
（2）自得其乐的游戏，使动物紧张的自然竞争生活得到某种和补偿，使它们在生理上、心理上容易保持平衡。
（3）我们相隔的不是几小时的车程，而是一整块大陆，就像歌里所唱的，用我的晚安陪你吃早餐，但是也隔不断彼此的思念A．萌动调剂地久天长B．涌动调节地久天长C．萌动调节山长水远D．涌动调剂山长水远4、（江苏）在下面一段话空缺处依次填入成语，最恰当的一组是(3 分) （）笔名满天下而原名湮没无闻者，事实上等于。
人家给咱们介绍一位沈雁冰先生，不如介绍茅盾来得响亮；介绍一位谢婉莹女士，不如介绍冰心来得。
等到自己也肯公然承认名叫茅盾或冰心的时候，仍不失为行不更名、坐不改姓的好汉。
千秋万岁后，非但真假难辨，而且。
A. 改名换姓大名鼎鼎弄巧成拙B. 移花接木如雷贯耳弄巧成拙C. 改名换姓如雷贯耳弄假成真D. 移花接木大名鼎鼎弄假成真5、（湖北）依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的是（）说到底，世上风景闲流水，端的还是要人慢下来。
名词同义词辨析
名词同义词辨析1.approach; method; way; means1)approach指待人接物或思考问题的方式、方法、态度，常用approach to sth./ doing sth.2)method指有条理的，系统的办法，特别指新的办法。
常用method of doing sth.前面接with。
3)way的使用范围很广，但较多地用在具体的事情上或口语中。
常用way of doing / way to do前面接in.4)means 指实现目的的任何手段，或使用某种交通工具的方式。
常用by means of. 例句：1)This money wasn't earned by honest .2)Children should learn the proper of brushing teeth,3)I like her to the problem.4)What is the best to make tea?2.area; region; field; district1)area 是这组词中用得最广的，表示的地区可大可小，但通常不指行政分区。
表示有一定面积限定，强调它的“面积”。
2)region通常指较大的地区，它既可以表示一个国家的行政分区，也可以指非行政分区。
通常指较大的地区，侧重表示“有某种特定关系划分的区域”。
如：an oil region, a forest region.3)field:田地；活动场地；领域4)district指相对于region稍小的地区，通常指一个国家或城市的行政分区.例句：1)Italy is divided into 20 .2)The busiest shopping in Beijing is around Wangfujing Street.3)I find the people in this very friendly.4)He was famous in the of science.3.argument; quarrel; debate1)argument:争论，不一定能得到解决。
四年级语文词义辨析试题
四年级语文词义辨析试题1.给句子加上关联词使句子通顺起来。
①（）我们死后的身体能有助于他人恢复健康，我们的死（）是有意义的。
②（）生命短暂，（）我们却可以让有限的生命体现出无限的价值。
③（）什么时候，（）什么季节，乡下人家（）有一道独特迷人的风景。
【解析】略2.我会选词填空。
（7分）默默轻轻悄悄匆匆(1)时间来去（），稍纵即逝。
(2)他（）奉献，从不计个人得失。
(3)时间（）从我们身边溜走。
严明严密严肃严格干革命工作要有（）的要求，（）的组织，（）的态度，（）的纪律。
【解析】略3.先组词再选词填空。
（6分）续、、（1）我们（）跳上一只船。
（2）我们（）拍掌，树上变得热闹了。
（3）我们班（）三次被评为“模范班级”。
然、、（4）苹果核( )像一颗五角星！（5）被烈火焚烧的蚂蚁( )迅速扭成一团。
（6）小华做了两次实验，( )就成功了。
【答案】（1）陆续（2）继续（3）连续（4）竟然（5）居然（6）果然【解析】略4.选词填空。
（5分）改变改观改善（1）经过近几年的旧城改造，我们的县城有了很大的（）。
（2）现代科学技术不断（）我们的生活。
（3）经过老师的教育，小明的态度有了很大的（）。
【答案】（1）改善（2）改变（3）改观【解析】略5.选词填空。
秀丽壮丽美丽(1)祖国大西北山河( )，特产丰富。
(2)黄山景色( )，值得一游。
(3)一走进花园，只见到处都盛开着( )的鲜花。
温顺温和(4)黄老师常常面带微笑，说起话来低声细语，显得十分( )。
(5)我家的小猫，只要一呼唤，它就会过来舔我的脚，很( )。
【答案】(1)壮丽 (2)秀丽 (3)美丽 (4)温和 (5)温顺【解析】略6.比一比，选一选。
发现发明◆地质工作者在塔里木盘地（）了大油田。
◆人类社会的进步离不开科技人员的（）创造。
改变改观◆由于天气原因，学校（）了开运动会的计划。
◆在大家的努力下，这里的面貌（）了许多。
【解析】略7.我能选择正确词语填空。
考研现代汉语真题练习
现代汉语习题比较分析下列各组术语得联系与区别（每小题10分，共30分）：1，主题——话题2，不定位语素、定位语素——词根、词缀3，语体——风格简答题（每小题12分，共24分）1，有人敲你的门，你问：“谁？”门外回答“我。
”请问，这时你能判断敲门人是谁吗？为什么？2，什么是新造词？词汇规范化原则有哪些？请举例说明。
分析题（共21分）1，用汉语拼音拼写下面的短语（2分）很有两下子2，用层次分析法分析下面的短语（4分）很吃了几碗饭3，比较下面的短语，归纳“很X”结构中“X”的语法类型和语义条件（15分）：很能干——很能力（X）很希望——很愿望（X）很有潜力——很潜力（X）很吃了几碗饭——很吃饭（X）1，试说明下面用横线连接的几组词之间的联系类型和差异（不同），每类再补充1—2例。
（15分）⑴现在——兹私下——擅自⑵飞——飞翔好意——美意⑶空——孔满——漫2，试举例说明《语法讲义》中粘合式偏正结构和组合式偏正结构及其语法特点。
（15分）3，试从语形、语义、使用条件和问句性质等方面，论述下面这三个句子的异同。
并再举若干同类例子旁证。
（20分）⑴你吃点什么？⑵你吃点什么吗？⑶你吃点什么呢？名词解释1，音素2，音位3，单纯词4，修辞2，本国生产的和从外国进口的辨析题。
区分下列各组句子，说明他们在语义上的差异1，⑴我在这儿住五年。
⑵我在这儿住了五年。
⑶我在这儿住了五年了。
2，⑴，门开了。
⑵，门开着呢。
⑶，门开着来着。
问答题1，普通话里的u和b有哪些主要区别？2，同音词和多义词有什么不同？3，现代汉语有哪些特点？4，举例说明语素和汉字的关系。
5，汉字有什么特点？6，谈谈现代汉语划分词类的标准。
一，名词解释1，汉语标准化2，引申意义3，句型、句式4，词语的移用5，存现句五，简答题1，什么是传统语法？2，请比较程度宾语与程度补语有何不同。
3，下列语句是否有歧义？有歧义的，请分析产生歧义的原因和条件，并分化歧义。
⑴告别母校的学生⑵连校长也不认识。
同义词和反义词练习题--部编版语文七年级上册
同义词和反义词练习题一、填空题：1．写出下面各词的同义词：①烘托（）②敏捷（）③清新（）④舒展（）⑤强烈（）⑥健壮（）⑦希望（）⑧锐利（）⑨调皮（）⑩相传（）○11和蔼（）○12竞争（）○13鼓舞（）○14感慨（）○15心境（）○16确凿（）○17关心（）○18依恋（）○19方正（）○20鉴赏（）○21灵巧（）○22诧异（）○23宽慰（）○24赞赏（）○25详细（）○26懊悔（）○27嘱咐（）○28赞成（）○29优秀（）○30疲倦（）○31果断（）○32爱好（）○33惊异（）○34寻觅（）○35迎合（）○36掩饰（）○37抵抗（）○38鄙视（）○39依靠（）2．写出下面各词的反义词：①涨（）②轻（）③新（）④温暖（）⑤狭窄（）⑥澄清（）⑦高兴（）⑧安全（）⑨光滑（）⑩熟悉（）○11轻快（）○12敏捷（）○13驯良（）○14遮蔽（）○15准确（）○16响亮（）○17纯粹（）○18高明（）○19热忱（）○20减少（）○21高尚（）○22赞成（）○23晴朗（）○24忧愁（）○25明白（）○26聪明（）○27美丽（）○28反抗（）○29刚强（）○30吝啬（）○31骄傲（）○32简练（）○33犹豫（）○34简短（）○35浓厚（）○36密集（）○37分散（）○38悠长（）○39短促（）○40复杂（）○41深刻（）3．写出下面各词的同义词和反义词：①忠实————②强大————③安静————④郑重————⑤傲慢————⑥轻视————⑦赞扬————⑧冷淡————⑨困倦————⑩昂贵————○11黎明————○12润湿————○13暖和————○14狭窄————○15安适————○16慈善————4．在下面各题的括号中填入意义相反的两个词：①大革命（）了，可是革命终究（）了。
②在旧社会里，多数青年都有反抗（）追求（）的思想。
③她一向过着（）的生活，从没有（）过。
④母亲是一个（）的人，但又是一个（）的人。
⑤我们要用马克思主义的（）精神，克服（）的自由主义。
同义词辨析急速、疾速、极速的区别
同义词辨析急速、疾速、极速的区别语文练习册上有一道题要求写出“缓慢”的反义词，学生的答案有的写“急速”，有的写“疾速”，还有一个写的是“极速”。
到底哪个答案最恰当呢？这道题引起了南山老师的兴趣，查出来下列资料：急速：快速；非常快。
急，突出了着急，有点儿急促、匆忙、迅速的意味。
疾速：快速。
疾，快；疾速指的是非常快。
两者相比，“急速”反映的是人的一种心理，心里着急，所以速度快。
“疾速”则指的是速度很快。
二者是近义词，没有严格的界限，如果真要区别的话，“疾速”比“急速”的程度快一点儿。
极速，即最大速度，终极速度，极快速度。
“极”在这里有着终极、极点的意思。
从快慢程度上比较，极速比急速要快得多，速度达到了极点。
再回到“缓慢”的意思上来。
缓慢：徐缓，不敏捷的意思。
相对照的反义词很多，例如：赶快、麻利、飞快、迅速、急速、急促、快捷、敏捷、快速、赶紧、火速、急剧、紧急、湍急、连忙、飞驰、急切、立刻，等等。
选哪个词语好一些呢？综合以上三个词语的比较，用“急速”更恰当一些。
语文练习册上有一道题要求写出“缓慢”的反义词，学生的答案有的写“急速”，有的写“疾速”，还有一个写的是“极速”。
到底哪个答案最恰当呢？这道题引起了南山老师的兴趣，查出来下列资料：急速：快速；非常快。
急，突出了着急，有点儿急促、匆忙、迅速的意味。
疾速：快速。
疾，快；疾速指的是非常快。
两者相比，“急速”反映的是人的一种心理，心里着急，所以速度快。
“疾速”则指的是速度很快。
二者是近义词，没有严格的界限，如果真要区别的话，“疾速”比“急速”的程度快一点儿。
极速，即最大速度，终极速度，极快速度。
“极”在这里有着终极、极点的意思。
从快慢程度上比较，极速比急速要快得多，速度达到了极点。
再回到“缓慢”的意思上来。
缓慢：徐缓，不敏捷的意思。
相对照的反义词很多，例如：赶快、麻利、飞快、迅速、急速、急促、快捷、敏捷、快速、赶紧、火速、急剧、紧急、湍急、连忙、飞驰、急切、立刻，等等。
同义词辨析练习题(精选高考题)
同义词辨析练习题1．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ( )①随着社会的发展， 教育越来越引起人们的关注。
②分别二十多年后，同学们再相聚时，我已经很难 出小学时的同桌了。
③这里出产的绿茶久负盛名，要仔细 才能领略到它的妙处。
A．终身 辨认 品尝 B．终身 辨别 品评 C．终生 辨别 品尝 D．终生 辨认 品评2．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（） ①只有养成了习惯，才是_______的、自觉的行为，道德建设才会见到实效。
②该校在培养音乐、美术、体育特长生方面有着________特点和________优势。
③在评价标准上，________要看数字，________不能只看数字，要防止“干部出数字”、“数字出干部”的现象。
A、稳固 明显/鲜明 虽然/但是B、稳固 鲜明/明显 既/又C、稳定 明显/鲜明 虽然/但是D、稳定 鲜明/明显 既/又3．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ( ) ①有人说日本汽车比德国汽车更舒适，也有人说德国汽车比日本汽车更稳重，但这______只是个人的不同感受，购车人还是要亲自驾驶一下才能作出判断。
②世界上生产维生素C最先进的两步发酵法技术是由我国发明的，由于制药成本大大降低，迫使两个国际药业巨头“辉瑞”和“罗氏”也不得不______这一技术。
③如果看了时下一些渲染情爱或暴力的小说、电影以后，就盲目地去摹仿文学作品中某些人物的偏激行为，只能说明这些读者没有足够的______能力。
A．毕竟 沿用 鉴赏 B．毕竟 采用 鉴别C．究竟 沿用 鉴别 D．究竟 采用 鉴赏4．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ( ) ①北京奥运会组委会宣布从2004年开始将先后新的会徽和吉祥物标志。
②如果没有过人生的酸甜苦辣，又怎么能真正懂得长辈们创业的艰难呢? ③父亲虽然不是科班出身，但他在外国文学方面的造诣足以使专业人士。
A.起用体味侧目 B．起用体验刮目 C.启用体味刮目 D．启用体验侧目5．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是 ( )①岗位培训改变了旨在学校接受教育的状况，一个人离开学校并不意味着学习的______。
小学辨析词义专项训练
小学辨析词义专项训练在小学阶段，学生对词汇的掌握和运用是语文学习的重要部分。
辨析词义是提高学生语言理解能力的关键环节。
本专项训练旨在帮助学生通过比较、分析和实践，加深对同义词、反义词、近义词等词汇的理解，从而提升语言表达的准确性和丰富性。
一、同义词辨析同义词是指意义相近或相同的词。
在辨析同义词时，学生需要关注词义的微妙差别和使用场合。
练习一：选择最合适的同义词1. 快乐与欢乐：- 我今天非常（）。
- 节日的晚上，人们沉浸在（）之中。
练习二：填空- 他（）地接受了这个任务。
（乐意/愿意）二、反义词辨析反义词是指意义相反或相对的词。
辨析反义词有助于学生理解词义的对立关系。
练习一：写出下列词的反义词- 高：（）- 快乐：（）练习二：反义词填空- 这个房间很（），外面很冷。
（温暖）三、近义词辨析近义词是指意义相近但不完全相同的词。
辨析近义词时，要注意词义的侧重点和使用环境。
练习一：选择最合适的近义词- 聪明与智慧：- 他是一个（）的孩子。
练习二：近义词填空- 这个问题很（），需要仔细思考。
（复杂/困难）四、多义词辨析多义词是指具有两个或两个以上意义的词。
辨析多义词需要学生根据上下文判断词义。
练习一：根据上下文选择正确的词义- 他把书放在桌子上。
（放：放置/放弃）练习二：多义词填空- 他（）了这个机会。
（错过/失去）五、易混淆词辨析易混淆词是指在发音或拼写上容易混淆的词。
辨析这类词需要学生注意词的发音和拼写特点。
练习一：区分易混淆词- 站（zhan4）与占（zhan4）：- 请在（）上排队。
（）练习二：易混淆词填空- 他（）了第一名。
（赢得/赢利）六、词义扩展训练词义扩展是指词义在特定语境下的发展和变化。
通过词义扩展训练，学生可以更灵活地运用词汇。
练习一：词义扩展填空- 他（）了这个问题。
（解决/处理）练习二：根据语境选择词义- 他（）了这个项目。
（完成/结束）七、综合应用综合应用训练要求学生将所学知识运用到实际语境中，提高语言运用能力。
考研完型单词辨析(练习题)
第一节同义词辨析、形近词辨析训练A. adapt—adopt effective—efficient pause—pursue empty—vacant –hollow in case/in case of/in the case of1. We (adapted/adopted) ourselves to the hot weather.2. Circumstances will force us finally to (adapt/adopt) this policy.3. The German telephone system is highly (effective/efficient).4. My headache's much better. Those tablets are (effective/efficient)5. After graduating, she hopes to (pause/pursue) a career in the theatre.6. It was very light to carry, being (empty/vacant /hollow) except for two shirts.7. They always leave (empty/vacant/hollow) seats to whoever comes first.8. (In case/In case of/In the case of) learning English, we must practise a lot.9. He doesn't dare to leave the house (in case/in case of/in the case of) he is recognized.10. (In case/In case of/In the case of) my not being there, ask my brother to help you.B. except/except for considerate /considerableformally /formerly respectable/respectful/respective11. (Except/Except for) an old lady, the bus was empty.12. It was very (considerate /considerable) of you to remember my birthday.13. There was a (considerate/considerable) growth of the light industries during the war.14. Begun in 1801, the road was (formally/formerly) opened in 1902.15. This man, (formally /formerly) the possessor of much wealth, is now poor.16. No educational system is perfect. Each one has its (limits/limitations).17. The teacher is poor but (respectable/respectful/respective). I wish you would be more (respectable/respectful) to him.18. The three men were given work according to their (respectable /respectful /respective) abilities.C. practical /practicable live/alive/lively aches/soreache/pain/sore/painful temporary/permanent19. It sounds like a good idea, but there are some (practical /practicable) difficulties.20. Is it (practical/practicable) to try to grow crops in deserts?21. I wish your mother was (live/alive/lively) to hear you!22. The cat was playing with a (live/alive/lively) mouse.23. He told a very (live/alive/lively) story about his life in Africa.24. The Olympic Games in Mexico City and in Munich were telecast (live/alive/lively).25. My knee (pains/aches/sore) me on damp days.26. My leg (ached/pained/sore) and I was tired.27. I have just had a tooth pulled out and my mouth is very (ache/pain/sore/painful).28. He was such a wanderer that he never had a (temporary/permanent) address.29. The pioneer life is (temporary/contemporary) and soon replaced by other forms of life.D. model/medal recommend/introduceengage/marry/divorce fell/felled principal/principle30. This is the athlete who everyone says will win the gold (model/medal) at the winter Olympic Games.31. The person who was (recommended/introduced) for the position did not fulfill the (maximum /minimum) requirements.32. Officer ! I've been (stolen/robbed)33. Officer My dog's been (stolen /robbed).34. My aunt took me over at the age of three when my parents got (engaged/married/divorced)35. Her head sank down, and two great tears (fell/felled) on his hand.36. What's your (principal/principle) reason for wanting to be a doctor?37. If you want a free day you'll have to ask the (principal/principle).E. sensible/sensitive bleed/breed successive/excessiveexclusive/inclusive define/confine compel /repel38. Our counselor offered a (sensible/sensitive) approach to the problem.39. A (sensible/sensitive) instrument is one that will measure very small quantities.40. Earthworms stop (bleeding/breeding) some time before they die.41. The football team celebrated its fourth (successive/excessive) victory.42. (Successive /Excessive) spending can lead to bankruptcy.43. There are twenty-eight days in that month, (exclusive/inclusive) of Sundays.44. The real-estate agent has the (exclusive/inclusive) right to sell the house.45. I wish you would (confine/define) yourself to the matter under discussion.46. The Constitution (defines/confines) the powers of the president.47. Water and oil (compel /repel) each other.48. The rain (compelled/repelled) us to stay in doors.F.substitute/constitute access/assess/excesscrash /crush discourage/encourage contract/contact/contrast49. If you cannot go yourself; please find someone to (substitute/constitute) you.50. They are modern buildings with (distinct/extinct) national style.51. Switzerland has (access/assess/excess) to the sea via the River Rhine.52. The (access/excess) of losses over profits will ruin the business.53. We saw the aircraft (crash /crush) and burst into flames.54. Don't let one failure (discourage/encourage) you; try again.55. When the .synthetic is (contracted/contacted/contrasted) with the natural one, the difference is very apparent.56. Air expands when heated, and it (contracts/contacts/contrasts) when cooled.G. charged/accuse emerge/submerge attach/detachconstruct/instruct permit/permission/allowance57. The police (charged/accused) him with breaking the law.58. We saw the submarine (emerge/submerge) from the water.59. He (attached/detached) his watch from the chain.60. There was a nice little present for everyone, with a suitable poem (attached /detached).61. A private tutor (constructed/instructed) the prince and princess.62. You must obtain (permit/permission/allowance) from the landowner to fish in this river.63. When he was a student, his father gave him a monthly (salary/permission/allowance) towards his expenses.H. reward/prize/price/praise travel/voyage/journeyask/enquire/question job/post/work march/wonder/wander64. When he was at school, he won first (reward/prize/price/praise) for good behaviour.65. When he makes a (travel/voyage/journey) by car, he takes his family with him.66. Police officers working on the murder haves (asked/enquired/questioned) hundreds of families.67. After the Cabinet reshuffle, the Minister wasn't very happy at his new (job/post/work).68. She (marched/wondered/wandered) along the path glad to be able to take her time.I. desire/ambition/intention assure/ensure/insureoutline/outlook/layout extinguish/diminish/distinguish69. She had clearly no (desire/ambition/intention) of doing any work, although she was very well paid.70. I (assure/ensure/insure) you that this medicine cannot harm you.71. This medicine will (assure/ensure/insure) you a good night's sleep.72. I tried to (assure/ensure/insure) that everybody understood the instructions.73. The only way to (assure/ensure/insure) success is to work hard.74. This book gives a brief (outline/outlook/layout) of the history of the castle and details of the art collection in the main hall.75. The (layout/outline/outlook) of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use.76. The firemen managed to (extinguish/diminish/distinguish) the fire in time.77. I can hardly (distinguish/extinguish) her from her sister, they are so much alike.J. sufficient/efficient/inefficient carry/fetch/bring/takedull/awkward/tedious attract/abstract/contract/subtract78. I believe reserves of coal here are (sufficient/efficient/inefficient) to last for fifty years.79. If there is not enough lime in soil, it is (efficient/sufficient/deficient) in lime.80. A good manager is both competent and (efficient/sufficient/deficient).81. When she saw the clouds she went back to the house to (carry/fetch/bring/take) her umbrella.82. Jim isn't (dull/awkward/tedious), but he did badly in the final exams last semester.83. Teaching as a career (attracts/abstracts/contracts/subtracts) many people because of long holidays.84. In their first year at school, most children learn to add and (distract/contract/subtract).85. My attentions were (extracted/abstracted/distracted) from my study.86. (Abstract /Contract /Extract) ideas may lead to concrete plans.K. conversation /conservation /reservation /conversion nuisance/nonsensespecific/special/particular trip/trap87. I'd like to check in, please. I didn't make a (conversation /conservation /reservation /conversion).88. The guest who arrives an hour ahead of time is the greatest (nuisance/nonsense).89. The speaker did not mention many facts, so we asked him to be more (specific/special/particular).90. The police set a (trip/trap) to catch the thieves.L. spat/span/split/spilt served/deserved/observed/preserveexpected/inspected/respected/suspect91. The waitress (spat/span/split/spilt) coffee on the floor and had to wipe it up.92.The spider has (spat/split/spilt/spun) a web.93. Translations must be done carefully so that the accuracy of the original manuscripts is (served/deserved/observed/preserved).94. It's lucky for us that we have (reserved/deserved /observed) seats.95. I said I had no doubt that he (served/deserved /reserved) his glory.96. When the owner of the disco (expected/inspected/respected/suspected) that their identification was not valid, he refused to serve them.97. However dim the (respects/aspects/prospects) may be today, we intend to continue our efforts.98. The dentist (expects/suspects/inspects) the pupil's teeth twice a year.M. conference/inference/preference/referenceimpose/oppose/propose/suppose/compose/purpose/dispose/expose99. Adam likes all fruit, but he has a (conference/inference/preference/reference) for apples.100. That (inference/reference/interference) has been warranted by the facts.101. In some Muslim countries women do not (compose/purpose/dispose/expose) their faces in public.102. Don't try to (impose/oppose/propose/suppose) your will on others.103. Man (proposes/composes) and God (disposes/supposes).N. assign/resign/design/sign set/settle/offset/upsetprecede/proceed/exceed/succeed conclude/exclude/include104. Let's (assign/resign/design/sign) a day in July for the performance.105. All the other ministers are intending to (assign /design /resign) as well.106. To (set/settle/offset/upset) the loss on his apples, the shopkeeper charged more for the cabbages.107. The boat was overloaded and was (offset/set/upset).108. Cars must not (precede/proceed/exceed/succeed) fifteen miles in certain areas.109. Agricultural development simply must (precede /proceed) economic development.110. The examination is (proceeding/preceding) as planned.101. We will (conclude/exclude/include) Our concert with the National Anthem.102. A good book ought to (include/exclude/conclude) a good cover.103. The writer (included/excluded/concluded) certain passages from the original book in the new edition.。
近义词辨析及练习大全
近义词辨析及练习大全近义词辨析及练习大全词语运用是中考语文的必考内容，采用选择题的形式，考查内容为实词的运用、成语的运用和虚词的运用。
实词的运用，主要考查近义词（有些是同音词）的辨析。
考查的主要形式是根据具体的语言环境为句子选择词语。
它要求考生能利用近义词之间的细微差别来认识其不同的表达效果，进而作出正确的判断。
近义词的辨析，主要从词义、色彩、用法三个方面入手。
一、辨析词义1.从词义的侧重点（要特别注意词语中不同的语素）辨析有些词语看起来意思比较接近，但其所表达的内容常有细微的差别。
尤其要注意.辨析词语的语境义（特定意义或临时意义），不能简单看其字面用语，而应根据上下文的特定接受对象、人物关系、情感氛围等多种因素来辨析其词义。
如发现与发明，前者侧重于找到，后者侧重于创造。
再如才能和才华，前者侧重于做事的能力，后者侧重于文艺方面表现出来的智慧及特长。
又如精美与精巧，前者侧重于美，后者侧重于巧；出生与出身，前者侧重于生，后者侧重于身（身份）。
A. 截至B.截止本次大赛报名在昨天已经。
我国大型深水港——山东石臼港的建设进展顺利，九月中旬，已完成年施工计划的90%。
解析：截止和截至是两个意义相近且有所区别的词，也是比较容易用错的词。
截止中的止是停止的意思，截至中的至是到的意思。
因此，截止强调的是行动的停止，不再发展；截至强调的是到某个时间，事件仍可能会发展。
A. 授权B. 受权外交部新闻司发表公告。
这个学校于当地政府，向学生收取了教育附加费。
解说：句的主语是施动者，因而应选择表主动的授权，句的主语是受动者，故应选择表被动的受权。
2.从词义的轻重辨析有些近义词表达的内容基本相同，但在表现程度上却有轻重、深浅的不同。
如显著与卓著，显著为非常明显，卓著为突出的好，这好上加好的卓著要比显著词义重多了。
又如错误与失误、批判与批评、渴望与希望都是前者较重，后者较轻。
其它如绝望和失望、蔑视和轻视、嗜好和爱好破坏和损坏等也都是前重后轻。
《古代汉语(2)》练习题一答案
《古代汉语（2）》练习题一答案一、填空：1．32，30．2．上字取声，下字取韵和调3．衍文，脱文。
4．连绵词，叠音词，附音词，合成词。
5．平水韵（或诗韵），1066．唐宋（或中古）7．发音部位。
8．连绵9．阴声韵、阳声韵、入声韵二、概念题：1．联绵词：又称联绵字，是两个音节连缀成意而不能分割的词，是由两个字构成的一个词，形成一个完整的声音组织，不可分割地表示一个意义，又叫连语，涟语。
2．五音：我国传统语音学按发音部位的不同，把声母分为：唇音、舌音、齿音、牙音、喉音五类，这就是音韵学上所谓的“五音”。
3．粘、对：所谓“粘”，指一首律诗中相邻两联的上联对句和下联出句的第二字平仄必须相同。
所谓“对”，是指一首律诗中同一联内的出句和对句的平仄必须相反。
4．读为：音韵术语。
这两个术语是用本字来说明假借字。
5．清、浊：古人从发音方法上对声母进行分析，比较常见的方法就是“清浊”。
用现代语音理论去分析，所谓“清”，就是指发音时声带不颤动的不带音；所谓“浊”，就是指发音时声带颤动的带音。
6．本义：指词的本来意义，但是这里所说的本义，只是取习惯的叫法，或称作一种操作概念，是指现代人们所能找到的有文献根据或字形根据的最古的意义，但并不一定是最初的意义。
7．同义词：指一些意义相同或相近而形式各异的词。
8．拗救：所谓拗救，就是指在律诗的一个句子中，本该用平声的地方却用了仄声，然后在本句或对句的适当位置，把该用仄声的字改用平声，以便补救。
9．字母：由于古代没有记音符号，所以就用记录音节的汉字代表音节中的第一个音素——声母，这个代表声母的汉字叫做“字母”，只代表它所记音节的第一个音素。
10、古用今废词：是指在汉语历史上被淘汰了的词，也就是古代曾经使用而现代不用的旧词。
11．古无舌上音：即上古时没有舌上音“知、彻、澄”，中古时的舌上音“知、彻、澄”来自于“端、透、定”，也是钱大昕提出的。
12．双声：双声是古汉语中常见的语音现象，就是两个字的声母相同。
同义词辨析练习及解析
高考语文词语辨析题1．（2008卷）依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）①改革开放30年后的今天，干部队伍化建设已经有了制度保障。
②现代科技的发展日新月异，从前的幻想今天都有可能成为现实。
③到半夜，小说终于脱稿了，他地摸着胡子，长长地松了口气。
A. 年轻以至踌躇满志B. 年青以致踌躇满志C. 年轻以致自鸣得意D. 年青以至自鸣得意[答案] A 【解析】①中应选“年轻”。
“年轻”指人的岁数不大，有相比较而言之义：他很年轻｜我比他年轻｜领导班子年轻化；而“年青”则为处于青年时期，不合语境。
②中应选“以至”。
“以至”可以表示表示时间、数量、程度、围等的延伸，也可以用于下半句的开头，表示由于上文所说的动作、情况的程度很深而形成的结果；而“以致”用于下半句的开头，表示下文是上述原因所形成的结果（多指不好的结果）。
再说，“踌躇满志”是中性词，形容对自己的现状或取得的成就非常得意；而“自鸣得意”是贬义词，自己表示很得意，所以应选A。
2.（2009卷）依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是（）①逐步推广使用清洁的可再生能源，减少使用污染环境的能源，是＿环境恶化的正确选择。
②随着人们自律程度的不断提高，过去有些需要用铁栏杆来维持＿的地方，现在只要拉绳或画线就行了。
③具有世界影响的中国画大师干千，人物、花鸟、鱼虫、走兽无一不精，尤其＿画山水A.遏制次序善于B.遏制秩序擅长C.遏止秩序擅长D.遏止次序善于[答案]B解析：遏制：表示禁止、禁绝，尽量控制事件发生，但结果有可能事件还是发生，只是在某种程度上减缓或减轻；遏止是尽量阻止事件发生。
秩序：重点表示“有条理，不混乱”，一般指社会状况。
次序：重点表示顺序，可以指人或物，也可以指自然现象或社会状况。
擅长、善于：前者重在某方面具有特殊的专长；后者重在长处、优点。
3.（2009天津卷）下列各句横线处应填入的词语，最恰当的一组是（）①对严复提出的“信、雅、达”的翻译标准，有学者为：“信”是忠于原作，“达”是忠于读者，“雅”是对于文学语言的忠诚。
词法讲座： 同义词词组辨析例题2 12 18 (高三第六周,高二第三周)
词法讲座：同义词词组辨析例题2 &作文讲座12 18 （高三第六周，高二第三周）1. --- How about John?--- My uncle ____ a good student.A. believes JohnB. suggest JohnC. considers JohnD. knows John2. --- Is dinner ready?--- No. Mother is ____ it ready now.A. doingB. cookingC. gettingD. preparing3. --- What happened?--- As you know, my schoolmates never ____ their clothes well.A. hangingB. hangedC. hungD. hang4. What size shoes do you ____?A. wearB. dressC. put onD. have on5. What he said ____ me and I got angry.A. brokeB. hurtC. woundedD. damaged6. The bad cold ____ me awake the whole night.A. madeB. causedC. keptD. let7. At the meeting, the monitor ____ a good suggestion.A. saidB. showedC. madeD. put8. Will you ____ me the favor to take down the pictures?A. giveB. doC. makeD. bring9. The expression on her face ____ that she was disappointed.A. toldB. saidC. expressedD. suggested10. Many parts of the country were ____ by the floods in the summer of 1991.A. affectedB. effectC. sufferedD. irrigated11. On the way back, he was ____ in a storm and got all wet.A. gotB. caughtC. heldD. grasped12. The ship ____ a rock and slowly it began to go down.A. hitB. knockedC. beatD. broke13. He often tells us that he doesn't ____ in his room.A. promise drinkingB. permit drinkingC. allow to drinkD. let drinking14. Would you be kind enough to ____ me a few minutes?A. saveB. shareC. spendD. spare15. I found them ____ at a desk writing.A. seatB. satC. seatedD. seating16. The newly-built cinema ____ the beauty of the town.A. adds toB. adds upC. adds up toD. are added up to17. They have eaten all the oranges on the table and ____ was left for me.A. noneB. nothingC. no one C. not anything18. Only when all the facts have been ____, can we draw a conclusion.A. madeB. found outC. discoveredD. invented19. If you like, ____ at any time.A. call onB. drop inC. visitD. pay a visit to20. When they arrived at the crossroads, they went in the wrong ____.A. directionB. waysC. roadD. path21. I ____ live in the countryside than in the city.A. like toB. had betterC. would ratherD. prefer22. The clock ____ twelve and I realized it was late.A. hitB. rangC. struckD. beat23. This science book ____ me a great amount of money.A. tookB. costC. usedD. spent24. I ____ you the best luck in the exam. A. wish B. hope C. expect D. want25. He was too excited to ____.A. go to bedB. sleepC. be asleepD. fall asleep26. We are ____ making a plan for the meeting.A. planningB. consideringC. thinkingD. supposing27. What a nice ____ his coat is!A. clothesB. suitC. fitD. dress28. My trousers are too long. You'd better buy me a shorter ____.A. oneB. trouserC. setD. pair29. He's so well-educated that he will certainly be offered a good ____.A. serviceB. positionC. businessD. work30. Green vegetables are ____ in winter and cost a lot.A. scarceB. rareC. fewD. little31. You can't judge him by his ____. He might be a good boy.A. faceB. looksC. beautyD. expression32. What's your ____ sport, swimming or skating?A. fitB. bestC. popularD. favorite33. I really have no ____ when they will arrive.A. mindB. thoughtC. knowledgeD. idea34. The price of foreign oil is much ____ than ever.A. cheaperB. expensiveC. higherD. more35. The furniture takes up a lot of ____.A. placesB. roomC. spotsD. spaces36. The racers are ____ old people in their sixties.A. mostB. mostlyC. almostD. at the most37. The piece of ____ music made me forget my worries.A. merryB. gladC. fondD. pleased38. In which year did the Labor Party come into ____ in that country?A. changeB. powerC. forceD. control39. The enemy soldiers were beaten. They had no ____ but to give in.A. possibilityB. wayC. selectionD. choice40. Lying in bed, he was ____ awake with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.A. wideB. openC. deepD. clearly41. From the same fact we drew different ____.A. ideasB. theoriesC. resultsD. conclusions42. Do you know how many basic ____ of blood there are in all?A. kindsB. sortsC. typesD. forms43. He was so tired that as soon as he lay down he fell ____ asleep.A. fastB. veryC. muchD. deep44. The ____ of oil under the land made the people richer.A. foundingB. inventionC. discoveryD. existence45. I had hoped that Henry would answer my question, but he remained ____.A. quietB. stillC. readyD. silent46. Father often turns to the doctor for ____ about his heart trouble.A. helpB. adviceC. moneyD. support47. He has such a poorly-paid job that twenty dollars a week was the ____ of his income.A. allB. wholeC. totalsD. entire48. It makes no ____ whether you go today or tomorrow.A. meansB. suggestionC. differenceD. idea49. Thoughts are expressed by ____ of words.A. wayB. methodC. meansD. forms50. The book is so instructive that it is ____ worth reading twice.A. veryB. quiteC. ratherD. well练习二：作文讲座：高考英语作文场景词汇话题一：中学生的爱好与兴趣Spare time(业余时间), favorite(最喜欢的), Interest(兴趣), hobby(爱好), appetite(嗜好),taste(口味), read novels(也小说), play football/basketball(打足球/篮球), surf the internet(上网), chat online(在线聊天), play games(玩游戏), collect stamps(集邮), make e-friends(交网友), climb mountains(爬山), watch TV(看电视), enjoy popular music(喜欢流行音乐),be interested in(对…感兴趣), develop an interest in(在…方面发展兴趣), be fond of(喜欢…),be keen on(喜欢…), have love for(喜爱…), have a taste in(对…有兴趣) 等。
同义词辨析练习题(共13页)
同义词辨析练习题[模版仅供参考，切勿通篇使用]同义词是指意思比较相近的词语。
X为大家整理的，欢迎大家来查阅!1.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是( )①上海世博会是第一个正式提出“低碳世博”理念的世博会，中国在过程中也在全力实践这一理念。
②对于景区假期“井喷”式客流，各地假日办游客高峰应急预案，交警、辅警、志愿者全力以赴保障旅游平稳运行。
③孩子是天真烂漫的，不肯拘束自己的。
他活着整个就是在享受生命，世俗的和规矩暂时都不在他眼里。
A.筹措启用利益B.筹办启动利害C.筹措启动利害D.筹办启用利益2.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是( )①为了弄清这句话的出处，判断对方说法的真伪，老先生跑了许多图书馆，________了大量的文献资料。
②这位教授认为青年学生应读懂一些为人__________之道，做事要把握分寸，谨言慎行，礼行天下。
③雨势突然增大，组委会不得不_________了今天的比赛，并表示将向观众赔偿门票损失。
A.批阅处事终止B.批阅处世中止C.披阅处世中止D.披阅处事终止3.依次填入下列各句中横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是( )(1)国务院发表声明称，必须采取更为严格、更为有力的措施，认真落实中央确定的房地产市场调控政策，坚决____部分城市房价过快上涨。
(2)去年九月份以来，我国西南地区遭受百年一遇的特大旱灾，水电资源告急，国家媒体报道，贵州水电站日均发电量_____90%。
(3)经过全体抢险人员8天8夜的艰苦奋战，山西王家岭矿难抢险救灾工作创造了中国____世界矿难史上抢险救灾的生命奇迹。
A.遏止锐减乃至B.遏制骤降甚至C.遏止骤降甚至D.遏制锐减乃至4. 依次填入下列横线处的词语，恰当的一组是( )①鲁迅先生说话时态度镇静，而又从容，使听的人心情舒畅，真个有“如坐春风”的感觉。
②我是从前过老爷的下人，少爷们可能对我不太熟悉。
③云南有着美丽的风景，山清水秀，月色朦胧;风摇叶展，山路 ;九转十八弯，山雨雾中行。
近义词的辨析与选用
读下面几组词语，比较它们的色彩：
管见 高见
叨扰 光临
犬子 令郎
翻开蓝本P22 ，细读第八点。
沐彬中学 高三语文组
启示（9）：看词语的重复与否
有些词语已有特定的含义，在选择时需要注意考虑意 义与原句的重复与否。 如“凯旋”就等于“胜利归来”， 如果原句中已有“胜利”之意，那么选词时就不能选择 “凯旋”。
“勾通”是暗中串连、勾结之意，是贬义词；“沟通”， 使两方能连通，如“沟通思想”、“沟通两国文化”等， 是中性词。很明显A项为“沟通”，B项为“勾通”。
沐彬中学
高三语文组
启示（7）：看词语的色彩
词语的色彩主要指感情色彩和语体色彩，感情色彩分 褒、贬、中三种。语体色体分书面语和口头语。熟悉词语 的不同色彩，便于我们准确使用词语。
沐彬中学
高三语文组
启示（6）：看词语的使用对象、场合
在近义词中，不同的词往往有自己的使用对象和场合。 比如“聆听”与“倾听”，“聆听”的使用对象为长辈、 师长，如“聆听教诲” 等等，而“倾听”的对象多为晚辈、 下级，如“倾听民声” 等等。
读下面几组词语，比较它们的使用对象、场合：
爱戴
高寿
罪恶 罪孽
（C）
沐彬中学 高三语文组
5、依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，恰当的一组是 （1）水乡小镇，一条百来步的小街，九曲连环，倒有十 来座＿＿的小桥相衔。 （2）我们的方针是统筹兼顾，＿＿安排。 （3）把朋友送上火车，直到火车开动了，他才＿＿地转 身离去。 A 精巧 适当 若有所失 B 奇巧 适当 若有所思 C 奇巧 适度 若有所失 D 精巧 适度 若有所思
沐彬中学 高三语文组
启示（5）：看词语的习惯搭配
在一组同义词中，不同的词往往在搭配对象上有差异， 比如“充足”与“充沛”，“充足”的搭配对象大多为实 在的东西，如“弹药充足”、“食品充足”等等，而“充 沛”的搭配对象多为较抽象的东西，如“体力充沛”、 “感情充沛”等等。
英语名词同义词辨析练习题
英语名词同义词辨析练习题一、选择题1. The ___________ (option/alternative) to take the bus or walk to work depends on the weather.2. The teacher praised Jack for his ___________ (effort/attempt) to improve his grades.3. Lisa made a ___________ (decision/choice) to quit her job and start her own business.4. The football team celebrated their ___________ (triumph/victory) with a parade in the city.5. The ___________ (evidence/proof) presented in court convinced the jury of the defendant's guilt.6. We need to find a ___________ (solution/answer) to the problem before it gets worse.7. His parents were proud of his ___________(achievement/accomplishment) in winning the science fair.8. The newspaper reported the ___________ (event/incident) accurately, providing all the necessary details.9. The company's ___________ (capital/funds) is invested in various stocks and bonds.10. The students' ___________ (behavior/conduct) during the field trip was impeccable.二、填空题11. The doctor recommended that she take a ___________(vacation/holiday) to reduce stress.12. The teacher asked the students to write a ___________ (composition/essay) about their favorite book.13. The company's ___________ (income/revenue) has increased significantly over the past year.14. He was known for his ___________ (generosity/charity) and willingness to help those in need.15. The ___________ (speed/velocity) of the car was measured by a radar gun.16. The scientist conducted an ___________ (experiment/trial) to test his hypothesis.17. She received a ___________ (scholarship/grant) to study abroad fora year.18. The Olympic Games are a major ___________ (event/occasion) that brings together athletes from around the world.19. The ___________ (environment/habitat) of the rainforest is home toa diverse range of wildlife.20. The new library will provide a ___________ (resource/facility) for students to study and access books.三、解释题21. Define the terms "promotion" and "advancement" and explain the difference between them.22. Compare and contrast the meanings of "evidence" and "proof" in a legal context.23. Discuss the nuances between the words "observation" and "witness" when referring to a crime scene.24. Illustrate the distinction between "salary" and "wage" in terms of employment compensation.25. Elaborate on the similarities and differences between the terms "talent" and "skill" in relation to personal abilities.四、根据上下文选择合适的同义词26. The building was severely damaged in the ___________ (hurricane/typhoon).27. The artist's paintings are known for their ___________ (originality/uniqueness) and creativity.28. The employee was given a ___________ (raise/promotion) for his outstanding performance.29. She received a ___________ (diploma/degree) in psychology from a prestigious university.30. The ___________ (audience/crowd) applauded the performer's exceptional talent.五、句子改错31. The scientist conducted a experiment to test his hypothesis.改为：The scientist conducted an experiment to test his hypothesis.32. They were impressed by the selection of chooses available at the store.改为：They were impressed by the selection of choices available at the store.33. The company's chief executive officer announced a new strategy for increasing income.改为：The company's chief executive officer announced a new strategy for increasing revenue.34. She decided it was time to make a important decision about her future.改为：She decided it was time to make an important decision about her future.35. The success of the project was attributed to the collective effort and achievement of the team members.改为：The success of the project was attributed to the collective effort and accomplishment of the team members.六、完形填空Throughout history, humans have made great advancements 36 various fields. These __37__ have brought about significant __38__ in technology,medicine, and communication. However, these __39__ have also posed challenges and __40__ ethical dilemmas.One of the __41__ areas of development is artificial intelligence (AI). AI is a branch of computer science that focuses on creating systems capable of __42__ tasks that usually require human __43__. AI has already __44__ great progress in areas such as speech recognition and natural language processing. However, the __45__ of AI raises concerns regarding job__46__, privacy, and even the __47__ of humanity.Another __48__ domain of advancement is genetic engineering. Scientists are now able to __49__ genes to enhance desirable traits and eliminate __50__ diseases. While the potential __51__ of genetic engineering are immense, there are also __52__ associated with the __53__ of nature and the __54__ of genetic manipulation.In the realm of communication, the __55__ of social media has revolutionized the way people interact and share information. __56__ platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have __57__ individuals to connect and __58__ with each other on a global scale. However, the__59__ of personal data and the __60__ of misinformation have become major concerns in the digital age.36. A. across B. among C. within D. over37. A. advancements B. progresses C. investments D. experiments38. A. improvements B. problems C. implications D. consequences39. A. achievements B. developments C. discoveries D. inventions40. A. brought about B. faced C. dealt with D. created41. A. stimulating B. challenging C. promising D. flourishing42. A. completing B. performing C. inventing D. solving43. A. skills B. tools C. efforts D. inputs44. A. made B. taken C. conducted D. reached45. A. emergence B. advancement C. implementation D. growth46. A. security B. losses C. opportunities D. replacements47. A. preservation B. extinction C. improvement D. adaptation48. A. significant B. innovative C. potential D. practical49. A. alter B. mutate C. switch D. transform50. A. common B. rare C. chronic D. infectious51. A. consequences B. benefits C. problems D. outcomes52. A. risks B. consequences C. challenges D. rewards53. A. modification B. preservation C. destruction D. investigation54. A. consequences B. feasibility C. morality D. complexity55. A. appearance B. rise C. growth D. dominance56. A. Social B. Virtual C. Digital D. Online57. A. enabled B. encouraged C. prohibited D. hindered58. A. collaborate B. communicate C. isolate D. segregate59. A. protection B. exposure C. collection D. misuse60. A. manipulation B. circulation C. fabrication D. elimination 答案：1. alternative2. effort3. decision4. victory5. evidence6. solution7. achievement8. event9. capital10. behavior11. vacation12. composition13. revenue14. generosity15. speed16. experiment17. scholarship18. event19. environment20. resource21. Promotion refers to the advancement in a person's rank or position within a company or organization, usually as a result of their outstanding performance, skills, or experience. Advancement, on the other hand, refersto progress or development in a person's career or personal life, often associated with achieving higher goals or acquiring new skills or knowledge. The main difference between promotion and advancement is that promotion focuses on the change in status or position, while advancement encompasses a broader sense of progress in different aspects of life.22. Evidence and proof are two terms often used interchangeably in everyday language, but they have distinct meanings in a legal context. Evidence refers to any material or information presented in a court of law to support or prove a fact or point in a case. It can include documents, testimony, or physical objects. Proof, however, refers to the level of certainty or convincingness that evidence provides. It is the establishment or demonstration of the truth or validity of a claim beyond a reasonable doubt. In other words, evidence is the material presented, while proof is the resultor outcome of that evidence being evaluated and accepted as valid.23. Observation and witness are two terms commonly associated with crime scenes and investigations. Observation refers to the act of looking at, perceiving, or noticing something through one's senses. It can involve seeing,hearing, smelling, or feeling something firsthand. A witness, on the other hand, refers to a person who has observed or has knowledge of an event or incident and can provide testimony or information about it. While observation can be done by anyone, a witness is specifically someone who can provide relevant details or evidence related to a specific event, such as a crime.24. Salary and wage are both terms used to refer to the payment or compensation received by an individual for their work or services. However, they have different connotations and applicability. Salary is usually associated with professional or managerial positions and is paid on a monthly or yearly basis. It is often fixed and predetermined, regardless of the number of hours worked. Wage, on the other hand, is more commonly used for hourly or waged positions, where the payment is based on the number of hours worked or the amount of output produced. Wages are typically paid on a weekly or bi-weekly basis and can vary depending on factors such as overtime or productivity.25. Talent and skill are often used interchangeably to describe personal abilities or aptitudes. However, they have distinct meanings and nuances. Talent refers to a natural, innate ability or aptitude for a particular activity or field. It is something that comes naturally or effortlessly to a person. Skill, on the other hand, refers to knowledge, expertise, or competence acquired through practice, training, or experience. It is something that is developed or honed over time. While talent can provide a foundation or advantage in acquiring a skill, skill is the result of effort, dedication, and learning.。