外宣翻译---旅游资料翻译共40页
旅游宣传资料翻译
旅游宣传资料翻译The PalaceMuseum（故宫）•故宫旧称紫禁城。
是明清两代皇宫，中国现存最大最完整的古建筑群。
1988年被联合国教科文组织列为“世界文化遗产”。
故宫占地72万平方米，屋宇9999间半，建筑面积15.5万平方米。
为一长方形城池，四角矗立、风格绮丽的角楼，墙外有宽52米的护城河环绕，形成一个森严壁垒的城堡。
建筑气势雄伟、豪华壮丽，是中国古代建筑艺术的精华。
故宫有四个大门，正门名为午门。
俗称五凤楼。
其平面为凹形，中有重楼，重檐庑殿顶，两翼各有重檐楼阁四座。
明廊相连，宏伟壮丽。
午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。
东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。
故宫宫殿的建筑布局有外朝、内廷之分。
内廷与外朝的建筑气氛迥然不同。
外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是封建皇帝行使权力、举行盛典的地方。
内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心，是封建帝王与后妃居住之所。
此外还有文华殿、武英殿、御花园等。
乾清宫在故宫内庭最前面。
清康熙前此处为皇帝居住和处理政务之处。
清雍正后皇帝移居养心殿，但仍在此批阅奏报，选派官吏和召见臣下。
交泰殿在乾清宫和坤宁宫之间，含天地交合、安康美满之意。
其建于明代，清嘉庆三年（公元1798年）重修，是座四角攒尖，镀金宝顶，龙凤纹饰的方形殿。
明、清时，该殿是皇后生日举办寿庆活动的地方。
清代皇后去祭先蚕坛前，需至此检查祭典仪式的准备情况。
坤宁宫在故宫“内庭”最后面。
明时为皇后住所。
清代改为祭神场所。
其中东暖阁为皇帝大婚的洞房，康熙、同治、光绪三帝，均在此举行婚礼。
故宫无与伦比的古代建筑杰作紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。
这些宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。
这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。
建筑学家们认为故宫的设计与建筑，实在是一个无与伦比的杰作，它的平面布局，立体效果，以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都可以说是上罕见的。
传播语境下旅游外宣文本翻译
传播语境下旅游外宣文本翻译作为“无烟工业”的旅游业因其资源消耗低、带动系数大、就业机会多、综合效益好而受到各国政府的普遍重视。
国发〔2009〕41号《国务院关于加快发展旅游业的意见》更是将旅游业上升为“国民经济的战略性支柱产业”。
为争取国际客源，各国旅游部门竞相开展国际营销，进行各种形式的旅游宣传，吸引国际游客的到访。
我国近几年来在入境旅游方面业已取得了不俗的成就，入境游客数量持续增长。
在旅游对外宣传工作中，旅游翻译发挥了不可替代的作用。
旅游外宣是指通过相关传播媒介，将目的地信息传递给潜在游客的行为，属于典型的跨文化传播活动。
但传统译学研究囿于源语与译语之间的两级界限，将翻译中的信息传递看成静态封闭系统，故而忽略了其过程中许多其他因素。
因而在一定程度上影响了旅游外宣的传播效果。
随着国际旅游市场竞争的加剧，有必要从传播学的视角重新审视旅游外宣文本翻译，以促进旅游外宣的顺利推进。
一、旅游外宣文本类型及其翻译特点(一)旅游外宣文本类型“旅游外宣”即宣传旅游目的地的相关信息，获取国外公众，尤其是潜在游客关注的一种跨文化传播行为。
旅游外宣文本，有点像广告文本，专注于提供有价值的信息，刺激国外潜在游客的出游动机。
旅游外宣文本通常包括以下三种类型:1．旅游景点宣传册旅游景点发放的小册子和宣传单提供了景点自然奇观或历史文物等的详细介绍，其目的是引起读者的兴趣，诱发潜在游客出游冲动。
2．城市或国家的旅行指南通常包含一个国家或一个城市的基本信息，如地理环境、气候条件、种族构成、地域文化、历史风俗、推荐线路等信息。
3．旅游广告旅游广告包括报纸、杂志、电视等传统媒体以及互联网等新媒体上投放的旅游广告，以其精美的图案和极富吸引力的旅游景点图片打动潜在游客。
(二)宣传导向的翻译视角旅游外宣文本作为一种实用性文本，其宣传导向性是显而易见的。
卡塔琳娜•莱恩在对文本进行分类时，提到以下两个类型:信息型文本(informa-tive)与呼唤型文本(operative)。
浅析河南旅游外宣资料的翻译
浅析河南旅游外宣资料的翻译孙小红【摘要】旅游翻译是外宣翻译的重要组成部分。
河南旅游景区资料翻译已取得显著成就,但仍有诸多问题需要解决。
鉴于旅游宣传文本的特殊性,针对英汉两种语言的特点和两种文化的巨大差异,翻译汉语的旅游宣传文本应采取相应的策略和措施,提高旅游文本的翻译质量,达到宣传旅游的目的。
【期刊名称】《兰州教育学院学报》【年(卷),期】2012(028)008【总页数】2页(P134-135)【关键词】河南旅游;景区资料;旅游外宣;翻译【作者】孙小红【作者单位】河南安阳师范学院外国语学院,河南安阳455000【正文语种】中文【中图分类】H315.9随着越来越多的海外游客把目光投向中国，针对外国游客的旅游外宣资料也在逐渐地完善中。
经过长时间的摸索和研究，目前绝大部分的旅游宣传资料都有相应的英语翻译，已经基本能够满足宣传、引导的作用。
很多国外游客正是借助于旅游外宣资料了解中国的人文、自然景观，进而把中国作为休闲度假的首选。
河南作为中国的旅游大省，在旅游资料的翻译上，做出了很大的努力，使得河南的旅游享誉全球，吸引了全世界游客的目光。
一、旅游外宣翻译现状尽管旅游翻译取得了瞩目的成就，也越来越受到业界的重视，但受文化、国情、社会民生等方面差异的影响，旅游资料的翻译质量参差不齐。
许多学者已经意识到了这一现象，如王秋生就曾撰文《旅游景点翻译亟待规范》。
［1］王宁在《旅游翻译质量与旅游地形象》一文中，把旅游翻译的质量问题归纳成五各方面:简单对应，生硬对译;望文生义，内涵把握不准确;用词错误、不规范或语句错误;拼音音译过多;粗制滥造。
他指出，由于在旅游翻译上出现的上述问题，造成翻译质量低劣，使得信息传递不准确、不完整、甚至错误，极有可能导致游客的认知错误，从而降低景区、景点及旅游地的品位，损害其形象，降低其对游客的吸引力。
［2］所以我们要采取积极措施提升旅游宣传资料的翻译质量，避免上述问题的出现，给海外游客真实、准确的信息，吸引更多的游客，促进旅游业的繁荣，为经济的发展保驾护航。
外宣翻译---旅游资料翻译
地方，唐朝诗人白居易的《长恨歌》有 ：“春寒 赐浴华清池，温泉水滑洗凝脂”的诗句。
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Inside the Huaqingchi Spring， there is a
bathing pond called Guifeichi which is said to have been the
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lecture 2
review of tourism translation
中国有句俗话，赶得早不如赶得巧，敢上地坛庙会
那也是巧。这里蕴含着浓郁的京味文化，叫北京人 与外地人都喜爱。
review of tourism translation
中国有句俗话，赶得早不如赶得巧，敢上地坛庙会
瀚天际，壮丽非凡。峰尖浮海，犹如孤屿，时隐时
现，似见非见，瞬息万变，气象万千。变幻莫测的 云海与朝霞、落日相映，色彩斑斓，壮美瑰丽。
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Laoshan Scenic Area is thickly covered with trees of many
species，which add credit for its scenery ．Among them over 300 are considered rare and precious ，half of which are under State top —level protection ． The most famous species include gingko and cypress
在不影响目的语读者掌握源语整体信息的前提
下，译者可酌情对原文进行压缩 ，删掉或省略一
些不符合目的语表达习惯的内容 ，这种 “缩译 ” 法在旅游汉英翻译中运用非常普遍 。至于什么内 容能够缩减，什么内容能够保留 ，一般由目的语 读者的交际目的来决定。
旅游宣传经典语中英文翻译
旅游宣传经典语中英文翻译宾至如归 just be at home; feel at home天堂之旅 a trip to the paradise; explre the paradise 人迹罕至 The Unbeaten Track远离尘嚣 a true departure; an escape from the bustling 全新感受 a novel experience耳目一新 a new perspective动感之都 a city in move活力北京 kicking beijing世界之都 the world city东方之珠 the oriental pearl文化之都 the city of culture醉在贵州 intoxicated in Guizhou食在广州 food in Guangzhou味在成都 delicacies in Chengdu精英之都 the city of elites大众之城 the city of commoners纯真世界 a true escape东方独秀 like no other place in the orient超乎想象 byond your imagination久负盛名 long estabished卓越不俗 excellent but not fancy中立国A Swiss lawyer working on behalf of the Iraqi journalist who threw shoes at former US President George W. Bush said his client will seek political asylum in Switzerland.The lawyer said he was contacted by al-Zeidi's relatives because of Switzerland's reputation as a safe, neutral country.“扔鞋”事件的主角、伊拉克记者的瑞士代理律师表示他的当事人将向瑞士请求政治避难。
旅游宣传资料汉译英
旅游宣传资料汉译英2019-09-20⼀、中国旅游资料英译的重要性⼈们通过国际旅游活动，不仅可以观赏风景名胜与⽂物古迹，英语论⽂了解和探究异国他乡的风⼟⼈情和⽂化历史传统，⽽且可以进⾏极有意义的学术交流、艺术交流以及商谈贸易，购买⼟特产品或⼯艺品．中国是⼀个具有悠久历史、灿烂⽂明、壮丽景⾊的国家，随着中国⽂明的发展，许多美丽的景点和历史遗址，在这块古⽼的⼟地上得以形成和保存下来。
有壮观的古建筑群，以及⼤量的历史遗迹，为研究中国古代⽂化和历史奠定了重要基础。
它的⾃然地理条件变化多样，东西南北景⾊各异，⾼⼭⼤川蕴藏着丰富的动植物资源，如此优越的地理条件形成了⽆数⾃然景观。
1985年中国加⼊了世界⽂化和⾃然遗产保护协定；从1987年⾄1998年，中国有21个景区被列⼊了世界遗产名单，其中的3个世界遗产为⾃然风景区：武陵源风景名胜区、九赛沟风景名胜区、黄龙风景名胜区；还有3个是⾃然和⼈⽂景观相结合的景区：泰⼭、黄⼭和乐⼭⼤佛。
中国是⼀个旅游资源⼤国，⼀个由56个民族组成的多民族统⼀的国家，各民族不同的习俗和⽂化不仅给中国，也给世界留下丰富⽽宝贵的多姿多彩的民族风情（民族歌舞、戏曲、习俗和饮⾷⽂化），以及丰富多彩的传统节⽇⽂化（春节、元宵节、清明节、端午节、中秋节、重阳节等，傣族的泼⽔节、蒙古族的那达慕⼤会、彝族的⽕把节、瑶族的达努节、⽩族的三⽉街、壮族的歌圩、藏族的藏历年和望果节、苗族的跳花节等等），另加浓郁的宗教⽂化（佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教、基督教、道教、萨满教、东正教、东巴教等）[1]。
当今的全球化时代和中国的⼊世对于宏扬中国旅游⽂化提供了机遇。
通过信息和通讯，整个世界成为⼀个地球村，如此⼀个信息社会浓缩了传统的时空概念，⼈们交往更直接，更⽅便，随着全球化的出现，世界不同⽂化⽇益归⼀，我们在因特⽹上可获取⼤量信息，⽽且不同社会、⽂化和国家之间的交流⽇益频繁，其中语⾔起着极为重要的⾓⾊，尤其是英语，故旅游资料的汉英翻译就显得尤为重要和不可缺少。
旅游宣传资料的汉英翻译
旅游宣传资料的汉英翻译章春风【期刊名称】《价值工程》【年(卷),期】2014(33)31【摘要】With the development of the tourism, tourism resources and culture in China need to be spread around the world. Language is the bridge of communication, and tourists need to obtain information by referring to literature and materials, so translation is very important. The author will briefly discuss Chinese-English translation of tourism materials, and provide some constructive comments on how to improve the translation quality.%随着旅游业的发展，中国的旅游资源和文化需要得到世界范围内的传播。
语言是沟通的桥梁，旅游者需要通过查阅文献和资料获得信息，翻译就显得十分重要。
笔者将在下文中针对旅游资料的汉译英翻译进行简要的探讨，并对如何提高翻译质量提供一些建设性的意见。
【总页数】2页(P290-291)【作者】章春风【作者单位】湖北科技学院外国语学院，咸宁437100【正文语种】中文【中图分类】H030【相关文献】1.文化专有项翻译策略在旅游宣传资料汉英翻译中的应用 [J], 程亚丽2.功能目的论视角下的思维转换与重组——以旅游宣传资料汉英翻译为例 [J], 林宁3.文化视阈下的旅游资料翻译策略研究——以杭州旅游宣传资料汉英翻译为例 [J], 张玥;黄剑锋4.文化视阈下的旅游资料翻译策略研究——以杭州旅游宣传资料汉英翻译为例 [J], 张玥;黄剑锋5.试论功能翻译理论在旅游宣传资料汉英翻译中的运用 [J], 王伊格因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。
旅游宣传材料的汉英翻译
老君山也被称作“杜鹃王国” Laojun Mountain, is also called the Kingdom of Azalea
• 2. 增添（amplification）
• 增添理解原文内容所必需的背景知识，如：历史事件发 生的年代，名人的生卒年代，他们的身份及其在历史上 的贡献，名胜的具体位置等等。如: • 路左有一巨石，石上原有苏东坡手书“云外流春”四个 大字。
• 意译(Free Translation )对保留原文形象及文化、 历史内涵至关重要。
• • • • • • • • • • “三潭印月” （Three Pools Mirroring the Moon） “紫来洞” （Purple Source Cave） “寒山寺” （ Cold Mountain Temple） “拙政园” （Garden of Humble Administrator） “狮子林” （Lions Grove） 演示文稿2.ppt
• 3. 解释
• 解释是指增加的部分是对字、词、句的字面意思的解释。这样， 一方面能让外国游人及读者建立起读音何意义的联系，了解汉 语名称的字面意思，另一方面也使他们了解了这些名称的由来， 增加了旅游的趣味性。如： • 花港观鱼：Hua Gang Guan Yu (Viewing Fish at Flower Harbor)孤山: Gushan (Solitary Hill) • 湖南省位于长江中下游南部，东经108度至114度，北纬24至30 度。因地处洞庭湖之南，所以叫做湖南。 • Huan Province lies just south of the middle reaches of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River between 108’ and 114’ E longitude and 24’ and 30’ N latitude. As it is also situated south of Lake Dongting, the Province has the name Huan, which means “south of the lake”. 演示文稿2.ppt
十堰旅游宣传解说词翻译
Million years ago, mountain building brought up miraculous mountains and waters of Shiyan.30 ° north latitude boasts of the world wonder here, enjoying same popularity with Maya ancient buildings, Egypt pyramids, and Bermuda Is.Here is the Home of dinosaur and wild man, the cradle of humans, the base of Dongfeng Automobile Company, and the source of the Midline Project of South-north Water Transferring.Now, follow me to enjoy the charm of Shiyan, please!Miraculous and Charming ShiyanCharming LandscapeWudang Mountains is the holy land of China Taoism; here are seventy-two peaks and twenty-four streams, and Taoist palaces and temples. Here, one pillar with twelve beams, Nine-turning Yellow River Wall, and other wonders, seemed as formed naturally instead of being made by humans, renowned as the Imperial Palace on the Cliff.Through six hundred years’ development, the Imperial palaces and temples in Wudang Mountains have been list as the World Cultural Heritage. On March Third Temple Fair, September Ninth Blessing Ceremony, Striking Bell to Welcome Spring, outstanding Taoists and pious followers all come to Shiyan to discuss Taoism and pray for peace in Wudang Mountains.Charming and attractive mountains and watersIn Taiji Gorge, god-made Taiji Diagram interpreted Taoism perfectly.In Qinglong Mountain, state-level geopark preserved eggs of Dinosaurs of millions years ago.In Canlang Mountain, state-level forest park is an original oxygen bar.Eighteen-li Gorge, cliffs, stones, waters interpreted the miracle of the Nature.Hanjiang River, one-thousand miles long. Here are the first biggest man-made freshwater lake, Danjiangkou Reservoir, and Taiji Lake connecting water and mountain, good to preserve health.Back to 600 years ago, Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty ordered to build the Imperial Palace in the North and Wudang Palaces in the South, so that Wudang Mountains were closely connected with the royal power; after 600 years, South-north Water Transferring, so that 300,000 acres fertile lands were drowned in water and 300,000 people left for other places. Hanjiang River, full of friendship and contribution of Hubei people, will go north to moist the North China, especially, Beijing and Tianjin.On banks of Hanjiang River, here are peaks and ridges, trees and grasses, springs and streams, fish and fine stones.To enjoy the charm of waters, here are Eight-hundred-mile Duhe River, Five-dragon River, Nine-Dragon Waterfall, and Yellow Dragon Reservoir, we can live by the water, play in the water and taste the fish.Great PeopleThe origin of life, or the mountains and waters here has made here full of life.One million years ago, Yunxian Man lived by Hanjiang River; wisps of smoke rose up firstly from the chimneys on the earth.Liaowadianzi Ruins dig up the history of over five thousand years ago became the general history of China under the earth.Yin Jipu, the ancestor of poems, recorded the charm of Hanjiang River region in the Book of Songs.Since the Qin Dynasty, over thirty emperors and generals were exiled here. Royal hermit culture formed another feature.The first old man who fought against Wild Man in the world is still here with former scars and hairs. During several decades, lots of explorers have been to Shennongjia Mountains, the ridge of Central China, leading to the popularity of Wild Man Cave and Valley.Nvwa, the ancestor of human, smelt and mend the shy in Zhushan County. Her lost colour stones, calaits, first-rate quality, are loved by the World.The Cowherd and the Girl Weaver met on the Magpies Bridge of Tianhe River, Shiyan, whose love story is deep in minds of the people all over the world.Intangible cultural heritages, phoenix lantern dance, Shan’erhuang, take a new charm; here are the living fossil of China folk culture, Wujiagou Folk Story, and the first village of China Han People folk song,Lvjiahe Folk Song, best known.Hanjiang River culture is rich and profound with many kinds of regional cultures, such as, Shaanxi, Henan, Sichuan, Hubei, Beijing, and ancient culture, Wudang culture, Yunyang culture, migrate culture harmoniously coexist. Hence Shiyan is the tropical forest of culture ecology.Dongfeng Automobile Company HeadquarterQinba Ridges has provided Shiyan with great mountains and rich waters so that here have brought up many outstanding people, Wudang Mountains have been respected and worshiped by the former royal families and current common people. Shiyan City, the former Yunyang Yamen, ruled 65 counties and 205 years.Shiyan is outstanding in the state strategy, for example, the imperial palace, ecological diversity, humanities and century project.The dream of strong country has made Shiyan change from a small country town into the central city of neighbouring regions of Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Chongqing. Now, Shiyan, the city on the wheels is creating the miracle of urban construction.Shiyan is set up and become prosperous by automobiles. Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles Company, researches and develops, produces and sell one million cars a year, the first of China and the third of the world, hence the world-famous Home of China Trucks.Shiyan City, the centre of Qinba medicare, commerce, education,culture, is full of modern life, fashion and elegance.In Shiyan, the city is in the mountains, house in the forests, and people in the parks so that Shiyan has become City of Garden, City of Ecological Forest, and the paradise of preserving health.Shiyan, the joining zone of the South and the North, is rich in local cuisines, Danjiangkou fish, Yunxi goat, Yunxian silkie and sour hot soup, Fangxian yellow rice wine and black agarics, Zhuxi steaming bowl and konjak, and Zhushan long-preserved meat and toufu, you can enjoy the bite of Shiyan.Wudang Mountains, Danjiangkou Reservoir, and Vehicle City, the three top brands have provided Shiyan with more and more strength. Wudang International Travel Festival, World Traditional Wushu Championship, Wudang Taiji Boxing International Competition, Fanxian Culture Festival of the Book of Songs, and Yunxi Tianhe Culture Festival of China Lovers’ Day provide delicious culture cuisines. Jin Yong, Cheng Long, Li Liangjie, Yu Dan and other celebrities’ promotion and many TV and films, such as, Miraculous China, Wudang Taoism, Taiji in the World, have made Wudang Mountains, Shiyan City known to more and more people.Modern culture has made Shiyan more charming and colourful.Shiyan, connecting Chongqing, Xi’an, Zhengzhou, Wuhan golden travel circles, is continuing to build the capital of international commercial vehicle, the home of international tourists, the model zone of state ecological civilization, the regional communication hub, the regionalcentre of modern service, and the base of green farm products.Now Shiyan is doubling effort in building a new setup of mountains and waters travel with Wudang Mountains as the flagship, Taichi Lake as the engine, and three zones, three lines and three circles as the core.Here are 46 Class-A scenic spots with complete supporting facilities, over one hundred star-level hotels, big supermarket and shopping centres and lots of rural restaurants, so that the tourists will feel at home in Shiyan. The communication of Shiyan is convenient with one airport, two ports, three railways and four expressways.To Shiyan you will enjoy the landscape, the culture, the history, the modern life and also the bright future here.Welcome to Shiyan!Shiyan is waiting for you all the time!Be there, or be square!—————Translated by Zhu Dongjiang (King) of Foreign Languages Department, Y unyang Teachers’ College。
旅游宣传资料的汉英翻译
旅游宣传资料的汉英翻译发表时间：2014-12-30T15:01:06.450Z 来源：《价值工程》2014年第11月上旬供稿作者：章春风[导读] 旅游资源有了文化内涵才会具有灵性，才能给游客带来特有的文化感受。
旅游资料作为一种对外宣传资料，起着传达文化信息、促进跨文化交流的作用章春风ZHANG Chun-feng（湖北科技学院外国语学院，咸宁437100）（School of Foreign Languages，Hubei University of Science and Technology，Xianning 437100，China）摘要院随着旅游业的发展，中国的旅游资源和文化需要得到世界范围内的传播。
语言是沟通的桥梁，旅游者需要通过查阅文献和资料获得信息，翻译就显得十分重要。
笔者将在下文中针对旅游资料的汉译英翻译进行简要的探讨，并对如何提高翻译质量提供一些建设性的意见。
Abstract: With the development of the tourism, tourism resources and culture in China need to be spread around the world. Languageis the bridge of communication, and tourists need to obtain information by referring to literature and materials, so translation is veryimportant. The author will briefly discuss Chinese-English translation of tourism materials, and provide some constructive comments on howto improve the translation quality.关键词院目的论；汉译英；旅游宣传Key words: teleology；Chinese-English translation；tourism publicity中图分类号院H030 文献标识码院A 文章编号院1006-4311（2014）31-0290-021 旅游宣传资料翻译存在的问题中国的旅游资源和文化需要得到世界范围内的传播就需要信息的传递，大部分旅游景点都有相应的英文翻译服务，包括翻译各种旅游文件资料，翻译宣传网站以及导游英语口译服务等等。
旅游文化外宣材料的翻译策略
旅游文化外宣材料的翻译策略
汪洪梅;张楠楠;雷雨露;杨丹红
【期刊名称】《吉林化工学院学报》
【年(卷),期】2018(035)012
【摘要】旅游是很多国家和地区的支柱性产业,而文化则是旅游的核心内涵.因此,如何翻译旅游文化的外宣材料就成为了摆在译者面前的一个重要课题.一方面,译者必须要将本国的旅游文化推介出去,以便达成文化输出的战略方针;另一方面,译者还必须确保读者能够接受外来的异质文化.也就是说,必须要在避免文化冲突的前提下最大限度地将本民族的旅游文化推广开来.要做到这一点,译者在译前必须先明确自己的翻译目的,以有针对性地选择科学的翻译策略.
【总页数】4页(P68-71)
【作者】汪洪梅;张楠楠;雷雨露;杨丹红
【作者单位】吉林化工学院外国语学院,吉林吉林132022;中国人民解放军吉林陆军预备役,吉林吉林132113;吉林化工学院;吉林化工学院
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H315.9
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