XA6132控制部分的数控化改造

XA6132控制部分的数控化改造

内容摘要: 利用数控系统改造铣床是提高老设备利用率的一种重要手段。改造后的数控铣床，不仅适合加工椭圆弧面和凸轮曲面，而且大大地减轻了工人的劳动强度。

本文介绍了一种用单片机控制伺服电机的X6132万能升降台铣床的工作台的数控改造的半闭环控制系统设计方案。改造后的机床能利用微型计算机来控制直流伺服电机，驱动工作台进行X、Y、Z三个方向的进给运动，从而实现二轴联动，该半闭环控制数控系统由测速发电机来反馈伺服电机的速度，同时由感应同步器来反馈滚珠丝杠的角位移量，具有机床自动进给的功能。该系统可实现直线插补和圆弧插补，数控加工按轮廓编程，能自动适应刀具尺寸的变化。

关键词：数控改造 X6132 半闭环控制

Abstract

It is implement the rebuilding of general machines to NC machines,it could increase work efficiency of old equipment. Rebuilt NC machines,not only process the oval of Arc-shaped face and the oval curved face,but also meanwhile alleviated the worker’s labor strength consumedly.

This text introduced a kind of all-powerful working panel lifter in X6132 miller that use the half that the number of the work set of the single servo electrical engineering in control in a machine control reforms to shut the wreath control system design project. Rebuilt NC machines making use of the microcomputer controls servomotors, the three axes in the X、Y、Z plane enters to reforms to sport mutually control with the servo electrical engineering in direct current, realize the two stalks contacting move, this half closed-loop control system makes the tachogenerator to feed back the servomotors’ spe ed and the respond synchronous machine feed back the ball screw-bar’s angular displacement, and designed to realize the machine bed enters automatically to of the number controls the device, the numeral control system adopts the half closed-loop control .The servo electrical engineering drives, can realize the straight line put to repair and put to repair with the arc. The number controls to process to press outline plait distance procedure but can adapt to the variety that knife have size.

Key Word: numerization rebuilding X6132 the half closed-loop control

目录

前言 (1)

正文 ................................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.总体设计方案的设计 .................................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.1原来的X6132普通升降台铣床的用途 ............... 错误！未定义书签。

1.2总体设计任务 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.3总体设计方案 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.4、主传动系统的改造.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.1电气部分的改造............................ 错误！未定义书签。

1.4.2机械部分的数控化改造...................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5给传动系统的改造 ............................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.1改造设计要求.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

1.5.2进给传动系统的改造方案.................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.6.数控系统的硬件与软件设计....................... 错误！未定义书签。

1.7.改造后的布局及功能............................. 错误！未定义书签。

2.控制系统的硬件设计 .................................. 错误！未定义书签。

2.1单片机的选择 ................................... 错误！未定义书签。

2.1.1 CPU的比较和选用.......................... 错误！未定义书签。

2.1.2存储芯片的选择............................ 错误！未定义书签。

2.1.3 I/O接口芯片.............................. 错误！未定义书签。

2.1.4越界报警和急停电路 (4)

2.2伺服电机的驱动 (5)

2.2.1光电耦合电路 (6)

2.2.2PWM功率放大器电路 (7)

2.3检测装置 (10)

2.3.1测速发电机 (10)