2013年6月英语六级真题三套答案

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2013年6月六级听力试题与答案解析

Part I Writing (30 minutes) 注意：注意：此部分试题在答题卡1 上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese You should write at Chinese. least 120 words following the outline given below:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3我认为… Given Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

2013年06月英语六级真题和答案

2013年6月英语六级真题及答案Part I Writing2013年6月六级作文范文一It is not exaggerating to say that habits determine how much a person can achieve. This is due to the magical power that habits have. It can redouble the effort of our daily behavior.Take this for example: if you recite one word every day, you will add 365 words to your vocabulary by one year, and 700 words by two years, and 1400 words before graduation which is by far beyond the curricular of CET-6. While if you spend two hours on playing computer games—which is far less than how much time is spent in reality for college students— you will probably get addicted to it and fail your study. This phenomenon can be easily found in the college that it is high time for us to be aware of the importance of habits. We should cultivate good habits and get rid of the bad habits such as staying up late, being addicted to games, consuming extravagantly, etc as soon as possible.Rome was not built in one day. We can accumulate a great fortune by the tiny efforts we made every day. From now on say good bye to the bad habits and stick to the good ones, we will enjoy a profitable return in the future.2013年6月六级作文范文二Good habit result…Good habits are a valuable thing and a bridge reaching desirable results. Evidently, good habits include teamwork, optimistic attitude, confidence and so on. It is well known that teamwork always leaves us less mean-spirited and more inclusive. Again, optimistic attitude and confidence can encourage us to never give up and find silver linings in desperate situations.Why should we actively cultivate good habits? For one thing, good habits can jump our trains of thought onto correct tracks, in turn, we can bypass the wrong path. For another thing, persisting what we are good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. This is where developing good habits comes in.As a result, we should take some effective steps to cultivate our good habits. For instance, we can frequently inform young people that opportunities for errors abound, so we must develop good habits to cope with them. To sum up, we cannot deny it that good habits do carry a positive connotation.Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (25 minutes)暂缺Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read thefour choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题第三套试卷及参考答案

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: 'Father of the Green Revolution'Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the 'Green Revolution', who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95.Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years"I'm a product of the great depression" is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectare (公顷) farm on which they grew wheat, maize (玉米) and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn't have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology (病理学) and genetics in 1942. From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried tojoin the military, but was rejected under wartime labour regulations.In MexicoIn 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations were expanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology (昆虫学) , agronomy (农艺学) , soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain.Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain -a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug's new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaDuring the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor (打谷场) , of jute (麻黄) bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, "India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage (土地面积) a mere 8 percent."It was in India that Norman Borlaug's work was described as the 'Green Revolution.' In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up Norman Borlaug. now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, "but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, 'Let's just start growing'".The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug's projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug's initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum (高粱) and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a. m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65 km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur (司机) took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, "the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry."Green Revolution vs EnvironmentalistsBorlaug’s advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years. His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticisms, including charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops, unsustainable farming practices, heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer among those who work with agriculture chemicals. There are also concerns about the long-term sustainability of fanning practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developing world. In India, the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of Indian crop diversity, drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly to the American multi-national corporations. What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a global movement towards "organic" or "sustainable" farming practices that avoid using chemicals and high technology in favour of natural fertilizers, cultivation and pest-control programmes.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2013.06英语六级真题(第3套)

T o t a l s c o r e710T o t a l t i m e a l l o w e d130m i n s 2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)P a r t I W r i t i n g(30m i n u t e s)D i r e c t i o n s:F o r t h i s p a r t,y o u a r e a l l o w e d30m i n u t e s t ow r i t e a n e s s a y c o m m e n t i n g o n t h e r e m a r kE a r t h p r o v i d e s e n o u g h t o s a t i s f y e v e r y m a n s n e e d.B u t n o t e v e r y m a n s g r e e d .Y o u c a n c i t e s o m e e x a m p l e s t o i l l u s t r a t e y o u r p o i n t.Y o u s h o u l dw r i t e a t l e a s t150w o r d s b u t n om o r e t h a n200w o r d s.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答㊂P a r t I I L i s t e n i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n(30m i n u t e s)说明:2013年6月大学英语六级考试,全国共考了两套听力㊂本套(即第3套)的听力真题与第2套的完全一样,只是选项的顺序不一样而已㊂故本套不再重复给出听力试题㊂P a r t I I I R e a d i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n(40m i n u t e s) S e c t i o nAD i r e c t i o n s:I n t h i s s e c t i o n,t h e r e i s a p a s s a g ew i t h t e n b l a n k s.Y o u a r e r e q u i r e d t o s e l e c t o n ew o r d f o r e a c hb l a n k f r o m al i s to fc h o i c e s g i v e ni na w o r db a n k f o l l o w i n g t h e p a s s a g e.R e a dt h e p a s s a g et h r o u g hc a r e f u l l y b e f o r em a k i n gy o u r c h o i c e s.E a c h c h o i c e i n t h e b a n k i s ide n t if i e db y a l e t t e r.P l e a s em a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i ng l e t t e r f o r e a chi t e mo n A n s w e rS h e e t2w i t ha s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e.Y o um a y n o t u s e a n y o f t h ew o r d s i n t h e b a n km o r e t h a n o n c e.Q u e s t i o n s36t o45a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.T h e c o n t i n u o u s p r e s e n t a t i o no fs c a r y s t o r i e sa b o u t g l o b a lw a r m i n g i nt h e p o p u l a r m e d i a m a k e su s u n n e c e s s a r i l y f r i g h t e n e d.E v e nw o r s e,i t 36o u r k i d s.A lG o r e f a m o u s l y d e p i c t e dh o wa s e a-l e v e l r i s e o f20f e e tw o u l d a l m o s t c o m p l e t e l y f l o o dF l o r i d a,N e w Y o r k.H o l l a n d,a n dS h a n g h a i,e v e nt h o u g ht h e U n i t e d N a t i o n ss a y st h a ts u c hat h i n g w i l ln o te v e n h a p p e n,37t h a t s e a l e v e l sw i l l r i s e20t i m e s l e s s t h a n t h a t.W h e n 38 w i t h t h e s e e x a g g e r a t i o n s,s o m e o f u s s a y t h a t t h e y a r e f o r a g o o d c a u s e,a n d s u r e l y t h e r e i s n oh a r md o n e i f t h e r e s u l t i s t h a tw e f o c u s e v e nm o r e o n t a c k l i n g c l i m a t e c h a n g e.T h i s 39 i sa s t o n i s h i n g l y w r o n g.S u c he x a g g e r a t i o n sd o p l e n t y o fh a r m.W o r r y i n g 40 a b o u t g l o b a lw a r m i n g m e a n s t h a tw ew o r r y l e s s a b o u t o t h e r t h i n g s,w h e r ew e c o u l dd o s om u c hm o r e g o o d.W e f o c u s,f o r e x a m p l e,o n g l o b a lw a r m i n g s i m p a c t o n m a l a r i a(疟疾) w h i c hw i l l p u t s l i g h t l y m o r e p e o p l e a t r i s k i n100y e a r s i n s t e a d o f t a c k l i n g t h e h a l f a b i l l i o n p e o p l e 41f r o m m a l a r i a t o d a y w i t h p r e v e n t i o n㊃1㊃a n d t r e a t m e n t p o l i c i e s t h a t a r em u c h c h e a p e r a n d d r a m a t i c a l l y m o r e 42 t h a n c a rb o n r e d uc t i o nw o u ld be .E x a g g e r a t i o na l s ow e a r s o u t t h e p u b l i c sw i l l i n g n e s s t o t a c k l e g l o b a l w a r m i n g.I f t h e p l a n e t i s 43 ,p e o p l ew o n d e r ,w h y d oa n y t h i n g ?Ar e c o r d54%o fA m e r i c a nv o t e r sn o w b e l i e v et h en e w sm e d i a m a k e g l o b a lw a r m i n g a p p e a rw o r s e t h a n i t r e a l l y i s .A 44 o f p e o p l e n o wb e l i e v e i n c o r r e c t l y t h a t g l o b a l w a r m i n gi s n o t e v e n .B u t t h ew o r s t c o s t o f e x a g g e r a t i o n ,I b e l i e v e ,i s t h e 45 a l a r mt h a t i t c a u s e s p a r t i c u l a r l y a m o n g c h i l d r e n .A na r t i c l e i n T h eW a s h i n g t o nP o s t c i t e dn i n e -y e a r -o l dA l y s s a ,w h o c r i e s a b o u t t h e p o s s i b i l i t y o f m a s s a n i m a l e x t i n c t i o n f r o m g l o b a lw a r m i n g .注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂A )p r e v a l e n t l yB )t e r r i f i e sC )e s t i m a t i n gD )m a j o r i t yE )e f f e c t i v e F )r i g o r o u s G )e x c e s s i v e l y H )m o r a l i t y I )s u f f e r i n gJ )c o n f r o n t e d K )q u a n t i t yL )d o o m e dM )u n n e c e s s a r yN )s u p pr e s s e s O )a r gu m e n t S e c t i o nBD i r e c t i o n s :I nt h i ss e c t i o n ,y o ua r e g o i n g t or e a d a p a s s a ge w i t ht e ns t a t e m e n t sa t t a c h e dt oi t .E a c h s t a t e m e n t c o n t a i n s i nf o r m a t i o ng i v e n i n o n e o f th e p a r a g r a p h s .I d e n ti f y t h e p a r a g r a p h f r o m w h i c h t h e i n f o r m a t i o n i s d e r i v e d .Y o um a y c h o o s e a p a r a g r a p hm o r e t h a n o n c e .E a c h p a r a g r a p h i sm a r k e dw i t ha l e t t e r .A n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n s b y m a r k i n g t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g le t t e r o n A n s w e r S h e e t 2.AN a t i o nT h a t sL o s i n g It s T o o l b o x [A ]T h e s c e n e i n s i d e t h eH o m eD e p o t o nW e ym a nA v e n u e h e r ew o u l d g i v e t h e o l d -t i m eA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n p a u s e .I nA i s l e 34i s p r e c u t p l a s t i c f l o o r i n g ,t h e g l u ea l r e a d y in p l a c e .I n A i s l e26a r e p r e f a b r i c a t e d w i n d o w s .S t a c k e d n e a r t h e c h e c k o u t c o u n t e r s ,a n d a s c o l o r f u l a s a F i s h e r -P r i c e t o y,i s a n o t -s o -s e r i o u s -l o o k i n gp o w e rt o o l :ab a t t e r y -o pe r a t e ds a w -a n d -d r i l lc o m b i n a t i o n .A n dif y o ud o n tw a n tt od oi t y o u r s e l f ,h e a d t oA i s l e 23o rA i s l e 35,w h e r e ah e l p d e s kw i l l a r r a n ge f o r a n i n s t a l l e r .[B ]I t s a l l v e r y h a n d y s t u f f ,I g u e s s ,a c o n v e n i e n tw a y t ob e a d o -i t -y o u r s e l f e rw i t h o u t b e i n g al l t h a t g o o d w i t h t o o l s .B u t a t a t i m ew h e n t h eA m e r i c a n f a c t o r y s e e m s t o b e a s h r i n k i n g pr e s e n c e ,a n dw h e n g o o d m a n u f a c t u r i n g j o b s h a v e v a n i s h e d ,p e r h a p s n e v e r t o r e t u r n ,t h e r e i s s o m e t h i n g d e e p l y t r o u b l i n g ab o u t t h i s d i l u t i o no fA m e r ic a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p.[C ]T h i s i s n t a l a m e n t (伤感) o rn o tm e r e l y a l a m e n t f o rb y go n e t i m e s .I t sas o c i a l a n dc u l t u r a l i s s u e ,a sw e l l a s a n e c o n o m i c o n e .T h eH o m eD e p o t a p p r o a c h t o c r a f t s m a n s h i p s i m p l i f y i t ,d u m b i t d o w n ,h i r e a c o n t r a c t o r i s o n e s i g n a l t h a tm a s t e r i n g t o o l s a n dw o r k i n g w i t ho n e s h a n d s i s r e c e d i n gi nA m e r i c a a s ah o b b y ,a s av a l u e ds k i l l ,a s ac u l t u r a l i n f l u e n c e t h a t s h a p e d t h i n k i n g a n db e h a v i o r i n v a s t s e c t i o n s o f t h e c o u n t r y.[D ]T h a t s h o u l db e am a t t e r o f c o n c e r n i n a p r e s i d e n t i a l e l e c t i o n y e a r .Y e t n e i t h e rB a r a c kO b a m an o rM i t tR o m n e yp r o m o t e s h i m s e l f a s t o o l -s a v v y (使用工具很在行的)p r e s i d e n t i a l t i m b e r ,i nt h em o l do fa J i m m y C a r t e r ,a s k i l l e d c a r pe n t e r a n d c a b i n e tm a k e r .[E ]T h eO b a m a a d m i n i s t r a t i o nd o e sw o r r yp u b l i c l y a b o u tm a n uf a c t u r i ng ,a f i r s t c o u s i no f c r a f t s m a n shi p.W h e n t h eF o r dM o t o r C o m p a n y ,f o r e x a m p l e ,r e c e n t l y a n n o u n c e d t h a t i tw a s b r i n g i n gs o m e p r o d u c t i o n h o m e ,t h eW h i t eH o u s e c h e e r e d . W h e n y o u s e e t h i n g s l i k eF o r dm o v i n g n e w p r o d u c t i o n f r o m M e x i c o t oD e t r o i t ,i n s t e a do f t h eo t h e rw a y a r o u n d ,y o uk n o wt h i n g sa r ec h a n g i n g , s a y sG e n eS p e r l i n g,㊃2㊃d i re c t o r of t h eN a t i o n a l E c o n o m i cC o u n c i l.[F]A s k t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i o no r t h eR e p u b l i c a n s o rm o s t a c a d e m i c sw h y A m e r i c a n e e d sm o r em a n u f a c t u r i n g, a n dt h e y r e s p o n d t h a t m a n u f a c t u r i n g g i v e s b i r t h t oi n n o v a t i o n,b r i n g s d o w n t h et r a d e d e f i c i t, s t r e n g t h e n s t h e d o l l a r,g e n e r a t e s j o b s,a r m s t h em i l i t a r y a n db r i n g s a b o u t a r e c o v e r y f r o mr e c e s s i o n.B u t r a r e l y,i fe v e r,d ot h e yp u b l i c l y t a k et h ea r g u m e n tas t e p f u r t h e r,a s s e r t i n g t h a ta g r o w i n g m a n u f a c t u r i n g s e c t o r e n c o u r a g e s c r a f t s m a n s h i p a n dt h a t c r a f t s m a n s h i p i s,i fn o t ab i r t h r i g h t,t h e na v i t a l i n g r e d i e n t o f t h eA m e r i c a n s e l f-i m a g e a s a c a n-d o,i n v e n t i v e,w e-c a n-m a k e-a n y t h i n gp e o p l e.[G]T r a d i t i o n a lv o c a t i o n a l t r a i n i n g i n p u b l i ch i g hs c h o o l s i s g r a d u a l l y d e c l i n i n g,s t r a n d i n g t h o u s a n d so f y o u n gp e o p l ew h o s e e k t r a i n i n g f o r a c r a f tw i t h o u t g o i n g t o c o l l e g e.C o l l e g e s,f o r t h e i r p a r t,h a v e s i n c e 1985g r a d u a t e d f e w e r c h e m i c a l,m e c h a n i c a l,i n d u s t r i a l a n d m e t a l l u r g i c a l(冶金的)e n g i n e e r s,p a r t l y i n r e s p o n s e t o t h e r e d u c e d r o l e o fm a n u f a c t u r i n g,ab i g e m p l o y e r o f t h e m.[H]T h e d e c l i n e s t a r t e d i n t h e1950s,w h e nm a n u f a c t u r i n g g e n e r a t e d a s t u r d y28%o f t h e n a t i o n a l i n c o m e, o r g r o s s d o m e s t i c p r o d u c t,a n d e m p l o y e do n e-t h i r do f t h ew o r k f o r c e.T o d a y,f a c t o r y o u t p u t g e n e r a t e s j u s t12%o fG.D.P.a n d e m p l o y s b a r e l y9%o f t h e n a t i o n sw o r k e r s.M a s s l a y o f f s a n d p l a n t c l o s i n g s h a v ed r a w n p l e n t y o f h e a d l i n e s a n d p u b l i c d e b a t e o v e r t h e y e a r s,a n d t h e y s t i l l o c c a s i o n a l l y d o.B u t t h e d a m a g e t o s k i l l a n d c r a f t s m a n s h i p t h a t sn e e d e dt ob u i l dac o m p l e xa i r l i n e ro ra t r a c t o r,o r f o ra w o r k e r t om o v eu p f r o ma s s e m b l e r t om a c h i n i s t t o s u p e r v i s o r w e n t l a r g e l y u n n o t i c e d.[I] I na ne a r l i e r g e n e r a t i o n,w e l o s t o u r c o n n e c t i o n t o t h e l a n d,a n dn o w w e a r e l o s i n g o u r c o n n e c t i o n t o t h em a c h i n e r y w ed e p e n do n, s a y s M i c h a e l H o u t,as o c i o l o g i s ta tt h e U n i v e r s i t y o fC a l i f o r n i a, B e r k e l e y. P e o p l ew h o w o r k w i t ht h e i rh a n d s, h e w e n to n, a r ed o i n g t h i n g st o d a y t h a tw ec a l l s e r v i c e j o b s,i n r e s t a u r a n t s a n d l a u n d r i e s,o r i nm e d i c a l t e c h n o l o g y a n d t h e l i k e.[J]T h a t s o n e e x p l a n a t i o n f o r t h e d e c l i n e i n t r a d i t i o n a l c r a f t s m a n s h i p.L a c k o f i n t e r e s t i s a n o t h e r.T h e b i g m o n e y i s i nf i e l d s l i k ef i n a n c e.S t a r t i n g i nt h e1980s,s k i l l i nf i n a n c e g r e wi ni m p o r t a n c e,a n d,a s d e p i c t e d i n t h en e w sm e d i a a n d t h em o v i e s,b e c a m e am o r e a p p e a l i n g s o u r c e o f i n c o m e. [K]B y l a s t y e a r,W a l lS t r e e t t r a d e r s,b a n k e r sa n dt h o s ew h od e a l i nr e a l e s t a t e g e n e r a t e d21%o f t h e n a t i o n a l i n c o m e,d o u b l et h e i rs h a r e i nt h e1950s.A n d W a r r e nB u f f e t t,t h e g o o d-n a t u r e df i n a n c i e r, b e c a m e ah o m e s p u nf o l kh e r o,w i t h o u tt h et o o l sa n d o v e r a l l s(工作服). Y o u n gp e o p l e g r o w u p w i t h o u t d e v e l o p i n g t h es k i l l st of i xt h i n g sa r o u n dt h eh o u s e, s a y sR i c h a r dC u r t i n,d i r e c t o ro f t h e T h o m s o nR e u t e r s/U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a nS u r v e y so fC o n s u m e r s. T h e y k n o wa b o u tc o m p u t e r s,o f c o u r s e,b u t t h e y d o n t k n o wh o wt ob u i l d t h e m.[L]M a n u f a c t u r i n g ss h r i n k i n gp r e s e n c eu n d o u b t e d l y h e l p se x p l a i nt h ed e c l i n e i nc r a f t s m a n s h i p,i fo n l y b e c a u s em a n y o f t h e n a t i o n s a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k e r sw e r e s k i l l e d i n c r a f tw o r k,i f n o t o n t h e j o b t h e n i n t h e i r s p a r e t i m e.I n a l a t e1990s s t u d y o f b l u e-c o l l a r e m p l o y e e s a t aG e n e r a lM o t o r s p l a n t(n o wc l o s e d) i nL i n d e n,N.J.,t h e s o c i o l o g i s tR u t h M i l k m a no fC i t y U n i v e r s i t y o fN e w Y o r k f o u n d t h a tm a n y l i n e w o r k e r s,i n t h e i r o f f-h o u r s,d i dh o m e r e n o v a t i o n a n d o t h e r s k i l l e dw o r k. I h a v e o f t e n t h o u g h t, M s. M i l k m a ns a y s, t h a t t h e s e e x t r a c u r r i c u l a r j o b sw e r e a n e f f o r t o n t h e p a r t o f t h ew o r k e r s t o r e g a i n t h e i r d i g n i t y a f t e r s u f f e r i n g t h e d e g r a d a t i o no f r e p e t i t i v e a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k i n t h e f a c t o r y. [M]C r a f t w o r k h a sh i g h e rs t a t u si n n a t i o n sl i k e G e r m a n y,w h i c hi n v e s t si n a p p r e n t i c e s h i p(学徒) p r o g r a m s f o r h i g h s c h o o l s t u d e n t s. C o r p o r a t i o n s i nG e r m a n y r e a l i z e d t h a t t h e r ew a s a n i n t e r e s t t ob e s e r v e d e c o n o m i c a l l y a n d p a t r i o t i c a l l y i nb u i l d i n g u p as k i l l e d l a b o r f o r c ea th o m e;w en e v e rh a dt h a t e t h o s(风气), s a y sR i c h a r dS e n n e t t,aN e w Y o r k U n i v e r s i t y s o c i o l o g i s tw h oh a sw r i t t e na b o u t t h e㊃3㊃c o n n e c t i o no f c r a f t a nd c u l t u r e.[N]T h e d a m a g e t oA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p s e e m s t o p a r a l l e l t h e s t e e p s l i d e i nm a n u f a c t u r i n g e m p l o y m e n t. T h o u g h t h e d e c l i n e s t a r t e d i n t h e1970s,i t b e c a m em u c h s t e e p e r b e g i n n i n g i n2000.S i n c e t h e n,s o m e 5.3m i l l i o n j o b s,o r o n e-t h i r do f t h ew o r k f o r c e i nm a n u f a c t u r i n g,h a v eb e e n l o s t.As t a t e d g o a l o f t h e O b a m a a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i s t o r e s t o r e ab i g c h u n ko f t h i s e m p l o y m e n t,a l o n g w i t h t h em u l t i t u d eo f s k i l l s t h a tm a n y o f t h e j o b s r e q u i r e d.[O]A s f o r c r a f t s m a n s h i p i t s e l f,t h e i s s u e i s h o wt o p r e s e r v e i t a s av a l u e ds k i l l i n t h e g e n e r a l p o p u l a t i o n. M s.M i l k m a n,t h es o c i o l o g i s t,a r g u e s t h a tA m e r i c a nc r a f t s m a n s h i p i s n td i s a p p e a r i n g a s q u i c k l y a s s o m ew o u l da r g u e t h a t i th a si n s t e a ds h i f t e dt oi m m i g r a n t s. P r i d ei nc r a f t,i t i sa l i v ei nt h e i m m i g r a n tw o r l d, s h e s a y s.[P]S o lA x e l r o d,37,t h e m a n a g e ro ft h e H o m e D e p o th e r e,f i t t i n g l y l e a r n e dt of i xh i so w nc a ra sa t e e n a g e r,e v e n c h a n g i n g t h eb r a k e s.N o wh e f i n d s i m m i g r a n t c r a f t s m e n g a t h e r e d i n a b u n d a n c e o u t s i d e h i s s t o r e i n t h e e a r l y m o r n i n g,w a i t i n g f o r i t t oo p e ns o t h e y c a nb u y s u p p l i e s f o r t h ed a y sw o r ka s c o n t r a c t o r s.S k i l l e dd a y l a b o r e r s,a l s om o s t l y i m m i g r a n t s,w a i t q u i e t l y i nh o p e s o f b e i n g h i r e db y t h e c o n t r a c t o r s.[Q]M r.A x e l r o da l s os a y s t h e r e c e s s i o na n d p e r s i s t e n t l y h i g hu n e m p l o y m e n th a v e f o r c e dm a n yp e o p l e t o t r y t o s a v em o n e y b y d o i n g m o r e t h e m s e l v e s,a n dH o m eD e p o t i n r e s p o n s e o f f e r s c l a s s e s i n f i x i n g w a t e r t a p s a n do t h e r s i m p l e r e p a i r s.T h e t e a c h e r s a r e s t o r e e m p l o y e e s,m a n y o f t h e mo l d e r a n d s e m i-r e t i r e d f r o ma s k i l l e d t r a d e,o r l a i do f f.[R] O u r c u s t o m e r sm a y n o t b eb u i l d i n g c a b i n e t s o r o u t d o o r d e c k s;w e t r y t od o t h a t f o r t h e m, M r.A x e l r o d s a y s, b u t s o m e a r e t r y i n g t o b u i l du p s k i l l s o t h e y c a nd om o r e f o r t h e m s e l v e s i n t h e s e h a r d t i m e s.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂46.T h e a u t h o r b e l i e v e s t h a tm a n u f a c t u r i n g e n c o u r a g e s c r a f t s m a n s h i p.47.T h e a u t h o r f e l t t r o u b l e d a b o u t t h ew e a k e n i n g o fA m e r i c a n c r a f t s m a n s h i p.48.M a s t e r i n g t o o l s a n dw o r k i n g w i t ho n e s h a n d s s h a p e s p e o p l e s t h i n k i n g a n db e h a v i o r.49.A m e r i c a sm a n u f a c t u r i n g i n t h e1950s c o n s t i t u t e d28%o f t h e g r o s s d o m e s t i c p r o d u c t.50.T h e g o v e r n m e n tw e l c o m e d s o m e c o m p a n i e s d e c i s i o n t ob r i n g s o m e p r o d u c t i o nb a c k t oA m e r i c a.51.A s o c i o l o g i s tb e l i e v e st h a t A m e r i c a nc r a f t s m a n s h i p,i n s t e a do fd i s a p p e a r i n g,i sb e i n g t a k e nu p b yi m m i g r a n t s.52.A c c o r d i n g t o am a n a g e r o fH o m eD e p o t,p e o p l e a r e t r y i n g r i d e o u t t h e r e c e s s i o nb y b u i l d i n g u p s k i l l s.53.M a n y a s s e m b l y l i n ew o r k e r sd i dh o m e r e n o v a t i o na n do t h e r s k i l l e dw o r k i nt h e i ro f f-h o u r s i no r d e r t o r e g a i n t h e i r d i g n i t y.54.P e o p l e c a ne a r nm o r em o n e y i nf i e l d so t h e r t h a n m a n u f a c t u r i n g,w h i c h i sa f a c t o r c o n t r i b u t i n g t o t h ed e c l i n e i n t r a d i t i o n a l c r a f t s m a n s h i p.55.C o m p a r e dw i t h t h a t i nA m e r i c a,t h e s t a t u s o f c r a f tw o r k i n s o m e c o u n t r i e s i s h i g h e r b e c a u s e c r a f tw o r ki s e n c o u r a g e d a m o n g h i g hs c h o o l s t u d e n t s.S e c t i o nCD i r e c t i o n s:T h e r e a r e2p a s s a g e s i n t h i s s e c t i o n.E a c h p a s s a g e i s f o l l o w e d b y s o m e q u e s t i o n s o r u n f i n i s h e d s t a t e m e n t s.F o r e a c h o f t h e mt h e r e a r e f o u r c h o i c e sm a r k e dA),B),C)a n dD).Y o u s h o u l dd e c i d e o n t h e b e s t c h o i c e a n dm a r k t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g l e t t e r o n A n s w e r S h e e t2w i t ha s i n g l e l i n e t h r o u g h t h e c e n t r e.㊃4㊃P a s s a g e o n eQ u e s t i o n s56t o60a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.T h e r e p o r t f r o mt h eB u r e a uo fL a b o rS t a t i s t i c sw a s j u s t a s g l o o m y a sa n t i c i p a t e d.U n e m p l o y m e n t i n J a n u a r y j u m p e d t o a16-y e a rh i g ho f7.6p e r c e n t,a s598,000j o b sw e r es l a s h e df r o m U S p a y r o l l s i nt h e w o r s t s i n g l e-m o n t hd e c l i n es i n c eD e c e m b e r,1974.W i t h1.8m i l l i o n j o b s l o s t i nt h e l a s t t h r e e m o n t h s, t h e r e i s u r g e n t d e s i r e t o b o o s t t h e e c o n o m y a s q u i c k l y a s p o s s i b l e.B u tW a s h i n g t o nw o u l d d ow e l l t o t a k e a d e e p b r e a t hb e f o r e r e a c t i n g t o t h e g r i mn u m b e r s.C o l l e c t i v e l y,w e r e l y o n t h eu n e m p l o y m e n t f i g u r e sa n do t h e r s t a t i s t i c s t o f r a m eo u r s e n s eo f r e a l i t y. T h e y a r e a v i t a l p a r t o f a n a r r a y o f d a t a t h a tw e u s e t o a s s e s s i fw e r e d o i n g w e l l o r d o i n g b a d l y,a n d t h a t i n t u r n s h a p e s g o v e r n m e n t p o l i c i e s a n d c o r p o r a t eb u d g e t s a n d p e r s o n a l s p e n d i n g d e c i s i o n s.T h e p r o b l e mi s t h a tt h e s t a t i s t i c s a r e n t a n o b j e c t i v e m e a s u r e o fr e a l i t y;t h e y a r e s i m p l y a b e s t a p p r o x i m a t i o n.D i r e c t i o n a l l y,t h e y c a p t u r e t h e t r e n d s,b u t t h e i d e a t h a tw e k n o w p r e c i s e l y h o w m a n y a r e u n e m p l o y e d i s a m y t h.T h a tm a k e s f i n d i n g a s o l u t i o na l l t h em o r e d i f f i c u l t.F i r s t,t h e r e i st h e w a y t h ed a t ai sa s s e m b l e d.T h eo f f i c i a lu n e m p l o y m e n tr a t e i st h e p r o d u c to fa t e l e p h o n e s u r v e y o f a b o u t60,000h o m e s.T h e r e i s a n o t h e r s u r v e y,s o m e t i m e s r e f e r r e d t oa s t h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y, t h a t a s s e s s e s400,000b u s i n e s s e s b a s e do n t h e i r r e p o r t e d p a y r o l l s.B o t hs u r v e y sh a v e p r o b l e m s. T h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y c a ne a s i l y d o u b l e-c o u n t s o m e o n e:i f y o ua r e o n e p e r s o nw i t h t w o j o b s,y o u s h o wu p a s t w ow o r k e r s.T h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y a l s o d o e s n t c a p t u r e t h e n u m b e r o f s e l f-e m p l o y e d,a n d s o s a y s l i t t l e a b o u t h o w m a n yp e o p l e a r e g e n e r a t i n g a n i n d e p e n d e n t i n c o m e.T h e h o u s e h o l d s u r v e y h a s a l a r g e r p r o b l e m.W h e n a s k e d s t r a i g h t f o r w a r d l y,p e o p l e t e n d t o l i e o r s h a d e t h e t r u t h w h e nt h es u b j e c t i ss e x,m o n e y o re m p l o y m e n t.I f y o u g e tac a l la n da r ea s k e di f y o u r e e m p l o y e d,a n d y o u s a yy e s,y o u r ee m p l o y e d.I f y o us a y n o,h o w e v e r,i tm a y s u r p r i s e y o u t o l e a r n t h a t y o ua r e o n l y u n e m p l o y e d i f y o u v eb e e na c t i v e l y l o o k i n g f o rw o r k i n t h e p a s t f o u rw e e k s;o t h e r w i s e,y o u a r e m a r g i n a l l y a t t a c h e d t o t h e l a b o r f o r c e a n dn o t a c t u a l l y u n e m p l o y e d.T h eu r g e t o q u a n t i f y i se m b e d d e d i no u rs o c i e t y.B u t t h e i d e at h a t s t a t i s t i c i a n sc a nt h e nc a p t u r ea n o b j e c t i v e r e a l i t y i s n t j u s t i m p o s s i b l e.I t a l s o l e a d s t os e r i o u sm i s j u d g m e n t s.D e m o c r a t sa n dR e p u b l i c a n s c a na n dw i l l t a k es i d e so nan u m b e ro f i s s u e s,b u ta m o r ec r u c i a l c o n c e r n i s t h a tb o t ha r eb a s i n g m a j o r p o l i c y d e c i s i o n s o n g u e s s t i m a t e s r a t h e r t h a n l o o k i n g a t t h e v a s tw e a l t h o f r a wd a t aw i t h a c r i t i c a l e y e a n d a n o p e nm i n d.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂56.W h a t d ow e l e a r n f r o mt h e f i r s t p a r a g r a p h?A)T h eU Se c o n o m i c s i t u a t i o n i s g o i n g f r o mb a d t ow o r s e.B)W a s h i n g t o n i s t a k i n g d r a s t i cm e a s u r e s t o p r o v i d em o r e j o b s.C)T h eU S g o v e r n m e n t i s s l a s h i n g m o r e j o b s f r o mi t s p a y r o l l s.D)T h e r e c e n t e c o n o m i c c r i s i s h a s t a k e n t h eU Sb y s u r p r i s e.57.W h a t d o e s t h e a u t h o r t h i n ko f t h eu n e m p l o y m e n t f i g u r e s a n do t h e r s t a t i s t i c s?A)T h e y f o r ma s o l i db a s i s f o r p o l i c y m a k i n g.B)T h e y r e p r e s e n t t h e c u r r e n t s i t u a t i o n.C)T h e y s i g n a l f u t u r e e c o n o m i c t r e n d s.D)T h e y d on o t f u l l y r e f l e c t t h e r e a l i t y.58.O n e p r o b l e m w i t h t h e p a y r o l l s u r v e y i s t h a t.A)i t d o e s n o t i n c l u d e a l l t h eb u s i n e s s e s B)i t f a i l s t o c o u n t i n t h e s e l f-e m p l o y e d㊃5㊃C)i tm a g n i f i e s t h en u m b e r o f t h e j o b l e s s D)i t d o e s n o t t r e a t a l l c o m p a n i e s e q u a l l y59.T h eh o u s e h o l d s u r v e y c a nb e f a u l t y i n t h a t.A)p e o p l e t e n d t o l i ew h e n t a l k i n g o n t h e p h o n eB)n o t e v e r y b o d y i sw i l l i n g o r r e a d y t o r e s p o n dC)s o m e p e o p l ew o n t p r o v i d e t r u t h f u l i n f o r m a t i o nD)t h e d e f i n i t i o no f u n e m p l o y m e n t i s t o ob r o a d60.A t t h e e n do f t h e p a s s a g e,t h e a u t h o r s u g g e s t s t h a t.A)s t a t i s t i c i a n s i m p r o v e t h e i r d a t a a s s e m b l i n g m e t h o d sB)d e c i s i o nm a k e r s v i e wt h e s t a t i s t i c sw i t ha c r i t i c a l e y eC)p o l i t i c i a n s l i s t e nm o r eb e f o r em a k i n gp o l i c y d e c i s i o n sD)D e m o c r a t s a n dR e p u b l i c a n s c o o p e r a t e o n c r u c i a l i s s u e sP a s s a g eT w oQ u e s t i o n s61t o65a r e b a s e do n t h e f o l l o w i n gp a s s a g e.A t s o m e p o i n t i n2008,s o m e o n e,p r o b a b l y i ne i t h e rA s i ao rA f r i c a,m a d e t h ed e c i s i o n t om o v e f r o m t h e c o u n t r y s i d e t o t h e c i t y.T h i sn a m e l e s s p e r s o n p u s h e d t h eh u m a nr a c eo v e r ah i s t o r i c t h r e s h o l d,f o r i t w a s i n t h a t y e a r t h a tm a n k i n db e c a m e,f o r t h e f i r s t t i m e i n i t s h i s t o r y,a p r e d o m i n a n t l y u r b a n s p e c i e s.I t i s a t r e n d t h a t s h o w s n o s i g n o f s l o w i n g.D e m o g r a p h e r s(人口统计学者)r e c k o n t h a t t h r e e-q u a r t e r s o f h u m a n i t y c o u l db e c i t y-d w e l l i n g b y2050,w i t hm o s t o f t h e i n c r e a s e c o m i n g i n t h e f a s t-g r o w i n g t o w n s o f A s i aa n dA f r i c a.M i g r a n t s t oc i t i e s a r e a t t r a c t e db yp l e n t i f u l j o b s,a c c e s s t oh o s p i t a l s a n de d u c a t i o n,a n d t h e a b i l i t y t o e s c a p e t h eb o r e d o m o f a f a r m e r sa g r i c u l t u r a l l i f e.T h o s e f a c t o r sa r em o r e t h a ne n o u g ht o m a k eu p f o r t h e s q u a l o r(肮脏),d i s e a s ea n ds p e c t a c u l a r p o v e r t y t h a t t h o s es a m em i g r a n t sm u s t o f t e na t f i r s t e n d u r ew h e n t h e y b e c o m eu r b a nd w e l l e r s.I t i s t h e c i t y t h a t i n s p i r e s t h e l a t e s t b o o k f r o mP e t e r S m i t h.H i sm a i n t h e s i s i s t h a t t h e b u z z o f u r b a n l i f e,a n d t h e o p p o r t u n i t i e s i t o f f e r s f o r c o-o p e r a t i o na n dc o l l a b o r a t i o n,i sw h a t a t t r a c t s p e o p l e t o t h e c i t y, w h i c h i nt u r n m a k e sc i t i e si n t ot h ee n g i n e so fa r t,c o m m e r c e,s c i e n c ea n d p r o g r e s s.T h i si sh a r d l y r e v o l u t i o n a r y,b u t i t i s p r e s e n t e d i n a c h a r m i n g f o r m a t.M r.S m i t hh a sw r i t t e n a b r e e z y g u i d e b o o k,w i t h a s e r i e s o f s h o r t c h a p t e r s d e d i c a t e d t o s p e c i f i c a s p e c t s o f u r b a n i t y p a r k s,s a y,o r t h e v a r i o u s s c h e m e s t h a t h a v eb e e n p u t f o r w a r do v e r t h e y e a r s f o rb u i l d i n g t h e p e r f e c tc i t y.T h er e s u l t i sas o r to fh i g h-q u a l i t y, u n u s u a l l y r i g o r o u s c o f f e e-t a b l eb o o k,d e s i g n e d t ob e d i p p e d i n t o r a t h e r t h a n r e a d f r o mb e g i n n i n g t o e n d.I nt h ec h a p t e ro n s k y s c r a p e r s,f o re x a m p l e,M r.S m i t ht o u c h e s o n c o n s t r u c t i o n m e t h o d s,t h e r e v o l u t i o n a r y i n v e n t i o no f t h e a u t o m a t i c l i f t,t h e p r a c t i c a l i t i e s o f l i v i n g i n t h e s k y a n d t h e l i k e l i h o o d t h a t,a sc i t i e s b e c o m e m o r ec r o wde d,a p a r t m e n tl i v i n g w i l lb e c o m et h en o r m.B u tt h e r ei sa l s ot i m ef o rb r i e fd i ve r s i o n s o n t ob i z a r r e g r o u n d,s u c ha sad i s c u s s i o nof t h es k y s c r a p e r i n d e x(w h i c hh o l d s t h a t ab o o mi n s k y s c r a p e r c o n s t r u c t i o n i s a f o o l p r o o f s ig no f a n i m m i n e n t r e c e s s i o n).O n eo b v i o u s c r i t i c i s mi s t h a t t h e p r i c e o f b r e a d t h i s d e p t h;m a n y o fM r.S m i t h s e s s a y s r a i s e a sm a n y q u e s t i o n s a s t h e y a n s w e r.A l t h o u g h t h a t c a n i n d e e d b e f r u s t r a t i n g,t h i s i s p r o b a b l y t h e o n l y w a y t o t r e a t s o g r a n da t o p i c.T h e c i t y i s t h e b u i l d i n g b l o c ko f c i v i l i s a t i o n a n d o f a l m o s t e v e r y t h i n g p e o p l e d o;a g u i d e b o o k t o t h e c i t y i s r e a l l y,t h e r e f o r e,a g u i d e b o o k t oh o wa l a r g e a n d e v e r-g r o w i n g c h u n ko f h u m a n i t y c h o o s e s t o l i v e.M r.S m i t h sb o o ks e r v e sa sa ne x c e l l e n t i n t r o d u c t i o nt oav a s t s u b j e c t,a n dw i l l s u g g e s t p l e n t y o f f u r t h e r l i n e s o f i n q u i r y.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答㊂㊃6㊃。

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解Part ⅠWritingThe Impact of the Information ExplosionAs is known to us all, we are now living in the age of “information explosion”. That is, we are surrounded by much information. It is true that information explosion brings convenience to our life, but it also leads to the distraction of our attention.Just as the famous saying goes, “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” .For example, there are so many advertisements on the Internet that we are easily distracted by the irrelevant information of the target website. In addition, the information itself is of various kinds, either healthy or violent. The bad information may even arouse violent crimes.Therefore, it is high time we adopted proper methods to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. For one thing, we can make a list of key words about what we will search on the Internet. For another, we can set a time limit for the search of the target information. Thus, the search is more effective and time is saved greatly at the same time.PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A答案详解：36、H)。

2013年6月英语六级真题(含答案)

2013年6月英语六级真题及答案Part I WritingPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

11. A) She has completely recovered.B) She went into shock after an operation.C) She is still in a critical condition.D) She is getting much better.12. A) Ordering a breakfast.B) Booking a hotel room.C) Buying a train ticket.D) Fixing a compartment.13. A) Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B) The man is the only one who brought her book back.C) She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D) Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A) She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B) She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C) She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D) She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A) He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B) He cannot do his report without a computer.C) He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D) He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A) Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B) The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C) The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D) The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A) The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B) The man works in the same department as the woman does.C) The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D) The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A) It was better than the previous one.B) It distorted the mayor’s speech.C) It exaggera ted the city’s economy problems.D) It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) To inform him of a problem they face.B) To request him to purchase control desks.C) To discuss the content of a project report.D) To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A) They quote the best price in the market.B) They manufacture and sell office furniture.C) They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D) They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A) By marking down the unit price.B) By accepting the penalty clauses.C) By allowing more time for delivery.D) By promising better after-sales service.22. A) Give the customer a ten percent discount.B) Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C) Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D) Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stockbroker. C) Mathematician.B) Physicist. D) Economist.24. A) Improve computer programming.B) Predict global population growth.C) Explain certain natural phenomena.D) Promote national financial health.25. A) Their different educational backgrounds.B) Changing attitudes toward nature.C) Chaos theory and its applications.D) The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013.6六级试卷试卷部分试题及答案

2013年6月6级部分答案2013-6-1611.W: What's wrong with your phone, Gary? I tried to call you all night yesterday.M: I'm sorry. No one's able to get through yesterday. My telephone was disconnected by the phone company.Q: What does the woman ask the man about?12.W: I finally found a really nice apartment that's within my price range.M: Congratulations! Affordable housing is rare in this city. I've been looking for a suitable place since I got here six months ago.Q: What does the man mean?13.M: I got this in my mailbox today, but I don't know what it is. Do you have any idea?W: Oh, that's your number for the new photocopier. It acquires an access code. Everyone got one.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: Jane told me that you'll be leaving at soon. Is it true?M: Yeah, my wife's maternity leave is close to an end. And since she wants to go back to work, I've decided to take a year off to raise the baby.Q: What does the man mean?15M: We'll never find a parking space here. What about dropping you at thesouth gate and I'll find parking somewhere else.W: Well, OK. It looks like everyone in town came to the mall today.Q: What does the woman mean?16W: When will the computers be back online?M: Probably not until tomorrow. The problem is more complicated than I thought.Q: What does the man mean?17M: Did you catch Professor Smith on TV last night?W: I almost missed it, but my mother just happened to be watching at home and gave me a call.Q: What does the woman imply?18M: May I get this prescription refilled?W: I'm sorry, sir, but we can't give you a refill on that. You'll have to get a new prescription. Q: What can we infer from the conversation?【听力原文】M: So what’s the next thing on the agenda, Mary?W: Well, it’s the South Theater Company. They want to know if we’d be interested in sponsoring a tour they want to make to East Asia.M: East Asia? uhh… and how much are they hoping to get from us?W: Well, the letter mentions 20,000 pounds, but I don’t kno w if they might settle for us. M: Do they say what they would cover? Have they anything specific in mind?W: No, I think they are just asking all the firms in tongue for as much money as they think they’ll give.M: And we are worth 20, 000 pounds, right?W: It seems so.M: Very flattering. But I am not awfully happy with the idea. What we get out of it?W: Oh, good publicity I suppose. So what I suggest is not that we just give them a sum of money, but that we offer to pay for something specific like travel or something, and that in return, we ask for our name to be printed prominently in the program, and that they give us free advertising space in it.M: But the travel bill would be enormous, and we could never manage that.W: I know. But why don’t we offer to pay for the printing of the programs ourselves on condition that on the front cover there's something like This program is presented with the compliments of Norland Electronics, and free advertising of course.M: Good idea. Well, let’s get back to them and ask what the program they want will cost. Then we can see if we are interested or not.Questions 19-21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What do we learn about the South Theater Company?20. What benefit does the woman say their firm can get by sponsoring the Theater Company?21. What does the woman suggest they do instead of paying the South Theater Company’s travel expenses?【总评】这是一篇关于sponsorship（赞助）的商务对话。

[英语六级考试复习]2013年6月_六级真题_第3套

大学英语六级考试真题解析2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题（第3套）Part I Writing（30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “A smile is the shortest distance between two people.”You can cite examples to illustrateyour point. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essayon Answer Sheet 1._____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension （30 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）, anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.1. A) It will mainly benefit the wealthy. C) It will reduce government revenues.B) It will stimulate business activities. D) It will cut the stockholders' dividends.2. A) She doesn't think much of job-hopping.B) She will stick to the job if the pay is good.C) She prefers a life of continued exploration.D) She will do her best if the job is worth doing.3. A) Talk the drug user out of the habit. C) Keep his distance from drug addicts.B) Stop thinking about the matter. D) Be more friendly to his schoolmate.4. A) The son. B) Aunt Louise. C) The father. D) The mother.5. A) Move to another place. C) Check the locks every two weeks.B) Stay away for a couple of weeks. D) Look after the Johnsons' house.6. A) He didn't want to miss the game.B) He would like to warm up for the game.C) He didn't want to be held up in traffic.D) He wanted to catch as many birds as possible.wasdown. C) Itrobbed.7. A) ItwasburnedB) It was closed down. D) It was blown up.8. A) She studies in the same school as her brother.B) She isn't going to work in her brother's firm.C) She isn't going to change her major.D) She plans to major in tax law.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) Current issues in economics. C) A recent biology lecture.B) Choices faced by conservationists. D) Topics for a research paper.10. A) A scarcity of jobs in their field.B) Inadequate training in methods of biological research.C) Difficulties in classifying all of the varieties of owls.D) A lack of funding for their work with endangered species.11. A) It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl.B) Its population is increasing in recent years.C) It may not survive without special efforts of conservationists.D) Its role in the chain of evolution has not yet been examined.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Training given to music therapists. C) Studies on the benefits of music.B) How music prevents disease. D) How musicians create music.13. A) In place of physical therapy. C) To prevent heart disease.B) To control brain problems. D) To relieve depression.14. A) They like to have music in the operating room.B) They solved problems better while listening to music they liked.C) They preferred classical music.D) They performed better when they used headphones.15. A) It increased the students' white blood cell.B) It increased some students' energy level.C) It improved the students' ability to play musical instruments.D) It released a natural painkiller in some students' bodies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) She was bored with her idle life at home.B) She was offered a good job by her neighbour.C) She wanted to help with the family's finances.D) Her family would like to see her more involved in social life.17. A) Doing housework. C) Reading papers and watching TV.B) Looking after her neighbour's children. D) Taking good care of her husband.18. A) Jane got angry at Bill's idle life. C) Bill blamed Jane for neglecting the family.B) Bill failed to adapt to the new situation. D) The children were not taken good care of.19. A) Neighbours should help each other.B) Women should have their own careers.C) Man and wife should share household duties.D) Parents should take good care of their children.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) To predict natural disasters that can cause vast destruction.B) To limit the destruction that natural disasters may cause.C) To gain financial support from the United Nations.D) To propose measures to hold back natural disasters.21. A) There is still a long way to go before man can control natural disasters.B) International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.C) Technology can help reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.D) Scientists can successfully predict earthquakes.22. A) There were fatal mistakes in its design.B) The builder didn't observe the building codes of the time.C) The traffic load went beyond its capacity.D) It was built according to less strict earthquake resistance standards.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) By judging to what extent they can eliminate the risks.B) By estimating the possible loss of lives and property.C) By estimating the frequency of volcanic eruptions.D) By judging the possible risks against the likely benefits.24. A) One of Etna's recent eruptions made many people move away.B) Etna's frequent eruptions have ruined most of the local farmland.C) Etna's eruptions are frequent but usually mild.D) There are signs that Etna will erupt again in the near future.25. A) They will remain where they are. C) They will turn to experts for advice.B) They will leave this area forever. D) They will seek shelter in nearby regions.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, whenthe passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Certain phrases one commonly hears among Americans capture their devotion to individualism: "Do your own thing. " "I did it my way. " "You'll have to decide that for yourself. " "You made your bed, now 26 in it. " "If you don't look out for yourself, no one else will. " "Look out for number one."Closely associated with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans 27 privacy. Americans assume that people "need some time to themselves" or "some time alone" to 28things or recover their spent psychological energy. Americans have great 29 understanding foreignerswho always want to be with another person, who dislike being alone.If the parents can 30 it, each child will have his or her own bedroom. Having one's own bedroom, even as an infant, fixes in a person the notion that she 31 a place of her own where she can be by herself, and keep her possessions. She will have her clothes, her toys, her books, and so on. These things will be hers and no one else's.Americans 32 that people will have their private thoughts that might never be shared with anyone. Doctors, lawyers, psychiatrists, and others have rules governing "confidentiality" that 33 prevent information about their clients' personal situations from becoming known to others.Americans' attitudes about 34 can be hard for foreigners to understand. Americans' houses, yards, and even their offices can seem open and inviting. Yet in the minds of Americans, there are 35 that other people are simply not supposed to cross. When those boundaries are crossed, an American's body will visibly stiffen and his manner will become cool and aloof.Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.When my mother's health was failing, I was the "bad" sister who lived far away and wasn't involved.My sister helped my parents. She never asked me to do anything, and I didn't 31 . I was widowed,raising kids and working, but that wasn't really why I kept to weekly calls and short, infrequent visits. Iwas 37 in my adolescent role as the aloof (超脱的) achiever, defending myself from my 38 motherand other family craziness. As always, I turned a deaf ear to my sister's criticisms about my not being around more—and I didn't hear her rising desperation. It wasn't until my mom's 39 , watching my dadand sister cling to each other and weep, that I got a hint of their long painful experience—and how badlyI'd behaved.My sister was so furious, she 40 spoke to me during my father's last years. To be honest, I'm not a terrible person. So how did I get it so wrong.We hear a lot about the 41 of taking care of our graying population. But the big story beneath the surface is the psychological crisis among middle-aged siblings (兄弟姐妹) who are fighting toward issues involving their aging parents. According to a new survey, an estimated 43.5 million adults in the US are looking after an older 42 or friend. Of these, 43% said they did not feel they had a 43 in this role.And although 7 in 10 said another unpaid caregiver had 44 help in the past year, only 1 in 10 said the burden was split equally.As siblings who are often separated geographically and emotionally, we are having to come togetherto decide such 45 issues as where Mom and Dad should live and where they should be buried. "It's likebeing put down with your siblings in the center of a nuclear reactor and being told, ' Figure it out,' " says University of Colorado psychologist Sara Honn Qualls.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.Norman Borlaug: 'Father of the Green Revolution'A)Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from themidwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the 'Green Revolution', who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, andsaving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel PeacePrize.Early YearsB) "I'm a product of the great depression" is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson ofNorwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm inthe northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectare (公顷) farm onwhich they grew wheat, maize (玉米) and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of histime from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregonin Howard County.C) Borlaug didn't have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, knownas the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph. D. in plant pathology (病理学) and genetics in 1942. From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7,1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected under wartime labour regulations.In MexicoD) In 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations wereexpanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology (昆虫学) , agronomy (农艺学), soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain. Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.E) Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better forsunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain—a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and. stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug's new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaF) During the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had beenimporting wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr.Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India.By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming. the government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.G) India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18,000 tonnes ofseed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor (打谷场), of jute (黄麻) bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.H) United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization( FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961and 2001, "India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage (土地面积) a mere 8 percent. " It was in India that Norman Borlaug's work was described as the' Green Revolution. 'I n AfricaI) Africa suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured infrom most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distributionsystem, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, RyoichiSasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. Hecalled up Norman Borlaug, now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaugto help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug laterrecalled, "but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, ' Let's just start growing' ".J) The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug's projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation andirrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug's initial projectswere restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum（高梁）and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeK) For his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970.Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a. m. , but Borlaug had already left forthe test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65 km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur (司机) took her tothe fields to inform her husband Borlaug said, "the first essential component of social justice isadequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50percent of the world population goes hungry. "Green Revolution vs EnvironmentalistsL) Borlaug's advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years. His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticismsincluding charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops, unsustainablefarming practices, heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer amongthose who work with agriculture chemicals. There are also concerns about the long-term sustainabilityof farming practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developingworld.M) In India, the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of Indian crop diversity, drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly tothe American multi-national corporations. What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a globalmovement towards " organic" or "sustainable" farming practices that avoid using chemicals and hightechnology in favour of natural fertilizers, cultivation and pest-control programmes.46. Borlaug's new varieties of wheat have shorter stems and stronger resistance to disease.47. A large part of Borlaug's life was spent in increasing food supply of poor countries andcombating hunger.48. Borlaug's wheat programme met with resistance during his first couple of years in Mexico.49. In both developed and developing countries there are concerns whether in the long runBorlaug's farming practices will be sustainable.50. The lack of necessary supporting facilities in Africa prevented Borlaug from achieving brilliantsuccess.51. Borlaug was not able to get ahead with his experiments in India until the government intervened.52. Borlaug believes that elimination of hunger is one essential element in ensuring social justice.53. The poorly-managed distribution system prevented the food aid from feeding the hungry in Africa.54. Statistics indicate that India achieved a dramatic increase of grain production with a modestincrease of farming land.55. Critics blame Green Revolution for producing a huge profit for the American agro-chemicalcorporations.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C） and D）. You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In 2011, many shoppers chose to avoid the frantic crowds and do their holiday shopping from thecomfort of their computer. Sales at online retailers gained by more than 15%, making it the biggest season ever. But people are also returning those purchases at record rates, up 8% from last year.What went wrong? Is the lingering shadow of the global financial crisis making it harder to accept extravagant indulgences? Or that people shop more impulsively—and therefore make bad decisions—when online? Both arguments are plausible. However, there is a third factor: a question of touch. We can love the look but, in an online environment, we cannot feel the quality of a texture, the shape of the fit, the fall of a fold or, for that matter, the weight of an earring. And physically interacting with anobject makes you more committed to your purchase.When my most recent book Brandwashed was released, I teamed up with a local bookstore to conductan experiment about the differences between the online and offline shopping experience. I carefullyinstructed a group of volunteers to promote my book in two different ways. The first was a fairly hands-off approach. Whenever a customer would inquire about my book, the volunteer would take them over to theshelf and point to it. Out of 20 such requests, six customers proceeded with the purchase.The second option also involved going over to the shelf but, this time, removing the book and thensubtly holding onto it for just an extra moment before placing it in the customer's hands. Of the 20 people who were handed the book, 13 ended up buying it. Just physically passing the book showed a big difference in sales. Why? We feel something similar to a sense of ownership when we hold things inour hand. That's why we establish or reestablish connection by greeting strangers and friends with a handshake. In this case, having to then let go of the book after holding it might generate a subtle senseof loss, and motivate us to make the purchase even more.A recent study also revealed the power of touch, in this case when it came to conventional mail. Adeeper and longer-lasting impression of a message was formed when delivered in a letter, as opposed toreceiving the same message online. Brain imaging showed that, on touching the paper, the emotionalcenter of the brain was activated, thus forming a stronger bond. The study also indicated that once touchbecomes part of the process, it could translate into a sense of possession. This sense of ownership is simplynot part of the equation in the online shopping experience.56. Why do people prefer shopping online according to the author?A) It is more comfortable and convenient.B) It saves them a lot of money and time.C) It offers them a lot more options and bargains.D) It gives them more time to think about their purchase.57. Why do more customers return their purchases bought online?A) They regretted indulging in costly items in the recession.B) They changed their mind by the time the goods were delivered.C) They had no chance to touch them when shopping online.D) They later found the quality of goods below their expectations.58. What is the purpose of the author's experiment?A ) To test his hypothesis about online shopping.B) To find out people's reaction to his recent book.C) To find ways to increase the sale of his new book.D) To try different approaches to sales promotion.59. How might people feel after letting go of something they held?A) A sense of disappointment. C) A subtle loss of interest.B) More motivated to own it. D) Less sensitive to its texture.60. What does brain imaging in a recent study reveal?A) Conventional letters contain subtle messages.B) A lack of touch is the chief obstacle to e-commerce.C) Email lacks the potential to activate the brain.D) Physical touch helps form a sense of possession.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Apparently everyone knows that global warming only makes climate more extreme. A hot, dry summer has triggered another flood of such claims. And, while many interests are at work, one of the players that benefits the most from this story are the media: the notion of "extreme" climate simply makes for more compelling news.Consider Paul Krugman, writing breathlessly in the New York Times about the "rising incidence of extreme events. " He claims that global warming caused the current drought in America's Midwest, and that supposedly record-high corn prices could cause a global food crisis.But the United Nations climate panel's latest assessment tells us precisely the opposite: For "North America, there is medium confidence that there has an overall slight tendency toward less dryness. " Moreover, there is no way that Krugman could have identified this drought. as being caused by global warming without a time machine: Climate models estimate that such detection will be possible by 2048, allthe earliest.And, fortunately, this year's drought appears unlikely to cause a food crisis, as global rice and wheat supplies remain plentiful. Moreover, Krugman overlooks inflation: Prices have increased six-fold since 1969, so, while corn futures(期货) did set a record of about $8 per bushel (蒲式耳) in late July, the inflation-adjusted price of corn was higher throughout most of the 1970s, reaching $ 16 in 1974.Finally, Krugman conveniently forgets that concerns about global warming are the main reason that corn prices have skyrocketed since 2005. Nowadays 40 percent of corn grown in the United States is usedto produce ethanol（乙醇），which does absolutely nothing for the climate, but certainly distorts the price of corn—at the expense of many of the world's poorest people.Bill Mckibben similarly worries in The Guardian about the Midwest drought and corn prices. He confidently tells us that raging wildfires from New Mexico and Colorado to Siberia are“exactly" what the early stages of global warming look like.In fact, the latest overview of global wildfire incidence suggests that fire intensity has declined overthe past 70 years and is now close to its preindustrial level.When well-meaning campaigners want us to pay attention to global warming, they often end up pitching beyond the facts. And, while this may seem justified by a noble goal, such "policy by panic" tactics rarely work, and often backfire.Remember how, in the wake of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Al Gore claimed that we were in store for ever more destructive hurricanes? Since then, hurricane incidence has dropped off the charts. Exaggerated claims merely fuel public distrust and disengagement.That is unfortunate, because global warming is a real problem, and we do need to address it.61. In what way do the media benefit from extreme weather?A) They can attract people's attention to their reports.B) They can choose from a greater variety of topics.C) They can make themselves better known.D) They can give voice to different views.62. What is the author's comment on Krugman's claim about the current drought in America's Midwest?A) A time machine is needed to testify to its truth.B) It is based on an erroneous climate model.C) It will eventually get proof in 2048.D) There is no way to prove its validity.63. What is the chief reason for the rise in corn prices according to the author?A) Demand for food has been rising in the developing countries.。

CET6-201306听力真题及听力原文(第3套)

2013年6月英语六级听力真题(第三套)11.A) It will mainly benefit the wealthy.B) It will stimulate business activities.C) It will reduce government revenues.D) It will cut the stockholders’dividends.12.A) She doesn’t think much of job-hopping.B) She will stick to the job if the pay is good.C) She prefers alife of continued exploration.D) She will do her best if the job is worth doing.13.A) Talk the drug user out of the habit.B) Stop thinking about the matter.C) Keep his distance from drug addicts.D) Be more friendly to his schoolmate.14.A) The son.B) Aunt Louise.C) The father.D) The mother.15.A) Move to anotherplace.B) Stay away for acouple of weeks.C) Check the locksD) Look after the Johnsons’house.16.A) He didn’t wantto miss the game.B) He would liketo warm up for the game.C) He didn’t wantto be held up in traffic.D) He wanted tocatch as many game birds as possible.17.A) It was burneddown.B) It was closeddown.C) It was robbed.D) It was blownup.A) She studies inthe same school as her brother.B) She isn’t goingto work in her brother’s firm.C) She isn’t goingto change her major.D)She plans to major in tax law.Questions 19 to 21 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.19.A) Current issues in economics.B) Choices facedby conservationists.C) A recent biology lecture.D) Topics for a research paper.20.A) A scarcity ofjobs in their field.B) Inadequate training in methods of biological research.C) Difficulties in classifying all of the varieties of owls.D) A lack offunding for their work with endangered species.21.A) It has numerous traits in common with the spotted owl.B) Its populationis increasing in recent years.C) It may notsurvive without special efforts of conservationists.D)Its role in the chain of evolution has not yet been examined. Questions 22 to 25 are based onthe conversation you have just heard.22.A) Training given to music therapists.B) How music prevents disease.C) Studies on thebenefits of music.D) How musicians create music.23.A) In place of physical therapy.B) To control brain problems.C) To prevent heart disease.D) To relieve depression.24.A) They like tohave music in the operating room.B) They solved problems better while listening to music they liked.C) They preferredclassical music.D) They performedbetter when they used headphones.25.A) It increased the students’white blood cell.B) It increased some students’energy level.C) It improved thestudents’ability to play musical instruments.D) It released anatural painkiller in some students’bodies.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based onthe passage you have just heard.26.A) She was boredwith her idle life at home.B) She was offereda good job by her neighbour.C) She wanted tohelp with the family’s finances.D) Her familywould like to see her more involved in social life.27.A) Doinghousework.B) Looking afterher neighbour’s children.C) Reading papersand watching TV.D) Taking goodcare of her husband.28.A) Jane got angryat Bill’s idle life.B) Bill failed toadapt to the new situation.C) Bill blamedJane for neglecting the family.D) The childrenwere not taken good care of.29.A) Neighboursshould help each other.B) Women shouldhave their own careers.C) Man and wifeshould share household duties.D) Parents shouldtake good care of their children.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based onthe passage you have just heard.30.A) To predictnatural disasters that can cause vast destruction.B) To limit thedestruction that natural disasters may cause.C) To gainfinancial support from the United Nations.D) To proposemeasures to hold back natural disasters.A) There is stilla long way to go before man can control natural disasters.B) Internationalcooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.C) Technology canhelp reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.D) Scientists cansuccessfully predict earthquakes.32.A) There werefatal mistakes in its design.B) The builderdidn’t observe the building codes of the time.C) The trafficload went beyond its capacity.D) It was builtaccording to less strict earthquake resistance standards.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based onthe passage you have just heard.33.A) By judging towhat extent they can eliminate the risks.B) By estimatingthe possible loss of lives and property.C) By estimatingthe frequency of volcanic eruptions.D) By judging thepossible risks against the likely benefits.34.A) One of Etna’srecent eruptions made many people move away.B) Etna’s frequenteruptions have ruined most of the local farmland.C) Etna’seruptions are frequent but usually mild.D) There are signsthat Etna will erupt again in the near future.35.A) They willremain where they are.B) They will leavethis area forever.C) They will turnto experts for advice.D) They will seekshelter in nearby regions.Section CCertain phrasesone commonly hears among Americans capture their devotion to individualism:”Do your own thing.”“I did it my way.”“You’ll haveto decide that for yourself.”“You made your bed, now (36) _______ init.”“If you don’t look out for yourself, no one else will.””Look out for number one.”Closely (37)_______ with the value they place on individualism is the importance Americans(38) _______ to privacy. Americans assume that people “need some time tothemselves”or “some time alone”to think about things orrecover their (39) _______ psychological energy. Americans have great (40)_______ understanding foreigners who always want to be with another person, who(41) _______ being alone.If the parents can(42) _______ it, each child will have his or her own bedroom. Having one’s ownbedroom, even as an (43) _______, fixes in a person the notion that (44)_____________________. She will have her clothes, her toys, her books, and soon. These things will be hers and no one else’s.Americans assumethat (45) _____________________. Doctors, lawyers, psychiatrists, and othershave rules governing “confidentiality”that are intended to preventinformation about their clients’personal situations from becoming known toothers.Americans’attitudes about privacy can be hard for foreigners to understand.(46)_____________________. When those boundaries arc crossed, an American’s bodywill visibly stiffen and his manner will become cool and aloof.2013年6月英语六级听力原文(第三套)听力短对话11.M: What do you think of the government’snew tax cut proposal?W:Though it may give some benefit to thepoor,tis key component is the elimination of tax on dividends.That means therich will get richer.Q:What does the woman think about thegovernment’stax cut propsal?12.M:Jenny, remember this:a job worth doing atall is worth doing well.W:Oh,yes,I certainly won’t forget it.But don’t expect me to stick to the job just because ti pays a few more bucks.A lifeof continuous exploration is a life worth living.Q:What can be inferred about the woman fromthe conversation?13.M: I found that one of my schoolmates usesdrugs.How can I help him,Mom?W:Stay away from him, son.Never think thatyou can talk him out of the habit if he is addicted.Bperhaps you can talk toyour teacher about the matter.Q:What’s the woman’sadvice to her son?14.W:I don’t know how you can eat so much yetnever put on any weight,son.Your father’s got thesame luck.I can’t take a bite withoutcalculating how many calories I am taking.M:but remember Aunt louise, Mom?She ate alot and never gained a pound.Q:Who is worried abort qaining weight?15.W:Did you turn off the lights and check thelocks on all the doors?M:Yes, I told the Johnsons that we’d begone for two weeks.They promise to keep an eye on the house for us.Q:What are the two speakers going to do?16.M:Hurry up,Linda!I hear that there are notmany tickets left for the football match.W:I an ready now, let’s go.It is the earlybird that catches the worm.Q:Why did the man ask the woman to hurryup?17.W:Did you hear that the convenience storenext to the gas station was held up last night?M:Yes, I heard it on the radio thismorning.Q:What happened to the convenience store?18.M:Congratulations!I just heard about youracceptance in the law school. Do you think you would join your brother’s firmafter graduation?W:Not likely. He is a tax lawyer, and I amgoing to major in criminal law.Q:Whatdoes the woman mean?听力长对话原文1Conversation OneW: Hi, Bill, how is it going?M: Oh, hi, Jane. I’m OK. How about you?W: You can probably tell just by looking atme. I’m really busy. Hey, what are you reading?M: A pretty interesting article. My biologyprofessor assigned it, and I thought I just looked it over. But I got reallyinvolved in it. It’s about endangered species.W: That sounds pretty interesting. I’mgetting frustrated with the two research papers I’m struggling with. And canyou believe they are both due on the same day?M: That’s tough.W: I’ll get through it. So what’s this youare reading?M: Well, it’s basically about the choicesconservationists are faced with. You know, these days when funding is so hardto come by.W: Wait a minute. Is the focus on biologyor economics?M: Both. Conservationists don’t have enoughfunding to save every endangered species in the world, so they have to decidebased on what would be lost if a species became extinct.W: Can you give me an example of what youmean?M: Take for instance, two animals, thespotted owl and the tailed toad. The article says the toad is unique. It has norelatives. But there are a lot of varieties of owls.W: So, if that toad became extinct, we’dlose an important link in the chain of evolution, right? M: Exactly. But that isn’t so for the owl.So for conservationists, it might be a clear choice of which animal to save.W: I see. I am glad I don’t have to makethat kind of decision. Aren’t you?Questions 19 to 21 are based on theconversation you have just heard.19. What are the speakers mainlydiscussing?20. What problems do conservationists have?21. What can be inferred about the tailedtoad?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoM: Good evening, dear audience. I’m glad tocontinue the topic about music. It is common knowledge that music can have apowerful effect on our emotions. In fact, since 1930s, music therapists haverelied on music to soothe patients and help control pain. Now psychologists areconfirming that music can also help relieve depression and improveconcentration.W: That’s nice. Do they have any concreteexamples?M: For instance, in a recent study, 15surgeons were given some highly stressed math problems to solve. They weredivided into three groups: one worked in silence; and in another, the surgeonslistened to music of their choice on headphones; the third listened to classicmusic chosen by the researchers.W: What’re the results?M: The results of the study may surpriseyou. The doctors who got to choose their music experienced less stress andscored better than the others.W: That is surprising. How to explain this?M: One possible explanation is thatlistening to music you like stimulates the Alfa-wave in the brain, increasesthe heart rate and expands the breathing. That helps to reduce stress andsharpen concentration.W: Is there any other research?M: Yes. Other research suggests a secondrelation between the music and the brain: by examining the students’bloodafter listening to a variety of classical music collections, the researchersfound that some students showed a large increase in a chemical substance, anatural pain reliever, in their blood, which can help soothe the patient.W: Well, thank you so much for being withus today and having us know about another function of music.Questions 22 to 25 are based on theconversation you have just heard.22. What is the talk mainly about?23. According to the speaker, how is themusic therapy currently used in medicine?24. What did the study done with surgeonshow?25.What effect did music have in the study of students exposed to classical music?听力短文原文Passage OneJeanBrown has been married for 12 years. She has 3 children, and lives in thesuburb outside Columbus, Ohio. When her youngest child reached school age, Jeandecided to go back to work. She felt that she should contribute to thehousehold finances. Her salary can make a difference between the financialstruggles and secure financial situation for her family. Jean also felt boredand frustrated in her role as a homemaker and wanted to be more involved inlife outside her home. Jean was worried about her children’s adjustment to thisnew situation. But she arranged for them to go stay with the woman nearby afterschool each afternoon. They seem to be happy with the arrangement. The problemseems to be between Jean and her husband, Bill. When Jean was at home all day,she was able to clean the house, go grocery shopping, wash the clothes, takecare of the children and cook 2 or 3 meals each day. She was very busy ofcourse. But she succeeded in getting everything done. Now the same things needto be done, but Jean has only evenings and early mornings to do them. Both Jeanand Bill are tired when they arrive home at 6 P.M. Bill is accustomed tositting down and reading the paper or watching TV until dinner is ready. Thisis exactly what Jean feels like doing. But someone has to fix the dinner andBill expects it to be Jean. Jean has become very angry at Bill’s attitude. Shefeels that they should share the household jobs. But Bill feels that everythingshould be the same as it was before Jean went back to work. Questions 26 to 29 are based onthe passage you have just heard.26. Why did Jean want to go back to work?27. How did Jean spend her days before shewent back to work?28. What problem arose when Jean went backto work?29.What does the story try to tell us？Passage TwoThedecade for natural disaster reduction is a program designed to reduce theimpact of naturaldisasters throughout the world. With support from the UnitedNations, countries will be encouraged to share information about disasterreduction. For instance, information about how to plan for and cope withhurricanes, earthquakes and other natural disasters. One of the most importantthings the program plans to do is to remind us of what we can do to protectourselves. For example, we can pack a suitcase with flashlights, a radio, food,drinking water and some tools. This safety may help us survive a disaster untilhelp arrives. Besides, the program will encourage governments to establishbuilding standards, emergency response plans, and training programs, Thesemeasures can help to limit the destruction by natural disasters. The comparativelymild effects of the northern California earthquake in 1989 are good evidencethat we do have the technology to prevent vast destruction. The recentdisasters, on the other hand, prove that people will suffer if we don’t usethat technology. When a highway collapsed in northern California, people werekilled in their cars. The highway was not built according to today’s strictstandards to resist earthquakes. Individuals and governments have to befar-sighted. We should take extra time and spend extra money to build disastersafety into our lives. Although such a program can’t hold back the winds orstop earthquakes, they can save people’s lives and homes.Questions 30 to 32 are based onthe passage you have just heard.30. What is the purpose of the programmentioned in this passage?31. What can we learn from the northern California earthquake in1989?32. Why did the highway in northern California collapse?Passage ThreeLivingat the foot of one of the world’s most active volcanoes might not appeal to youat all. But believe it or not, the area surrounding Mount Etna in Italy ispacked with people. In fact, it is the most densely populated region on thewhole island of Sicily. The reason is that rich volcanic soil makes the landfantastic for forming. By growing and selling a variety of crops, local people earna good living. For them, the economic benefit they reap surpasses the risk ofdying or losing property in one of the volcano’s frequent eruptions. Peopleeverywhere make decisions about risky situations this way. That is, bycomparing the risks and the benefits. According to the experts, the side of therisk depends on both its probability and seriousness. Let’s take Mount Etna forexample. It does erupt frequently, but those eruptions are usually minor. Sothe overall risk for people living nearby is relatively small. But supposeMount Etna erupted everyday, or imagine that each eruption there killsthousands of people. If that were the case, the risk would be much larger.Indeed, the risk would be too large for many people to live with. And they wouldhave to move away. Questions 33 to 35 are based onthe passage you have just heard.33. How do people make decisions aboutrisky situations?34. What do we know about Mount Etna from the passage?35. What will people living near Mount Etna do in the face of itseruptions?听力填空Certain phrases one commonly hears amongAmericans capture their devotion to individualism.”Do you ownthing?”“I did it my way.”“You’ll have to decide that foryourself?”“You made your bed, now lie in it.”“If youdon’t look out for yourself, no one else will.”“Look out for numberone.”Closely associated with the value theyplace on individualism, is the importance American’s assign to privacy. Americansassume that people need some time to themselves or some time alone to thinkabout things or to recover their spent psychological energy. Americans havegreat difficulty understanding foreigners who always want to be with anotherperson who dislike being alone.If the parents can afford it, each childwill have his or her own bedroom. Having one’s own bedroom even as an infant,fixes in a person the notion that she is entitled to a place of her own whereshe can be by herself, and keep her possessions. She will have her clothes, hertoys, her books, and so on .These things will be hers, no one else’s.Americans assume that people will havetheir private thoughts that might never be shared with anyone. Doctors,lawyers, psychologists and others have rules governing confidentiality that areintended to prevent information about their clients’personal situations frombeing known to others .American’s attitudes about privacy can behard for foreigners to understand. American’s houses, yards and even theiroffices can seem open and inviting. Yet, in the minds of Americans, there areboundaries that other people are simply not supposed to cross. When thoseboundaries are crossed, an American’s body will visibly stiffen and his mannerwill be cool and aloof.2013年6月英语六级听力答案(第三套)11-15 ACCDB16-20 ACBBD21-25 CCDBD26-30 CABCB31-35 CDDCA36. lie37. associated38. assign39. spent40. difficulty41. dislike42. afford43. infant44. she isentitled to a place of her own where she can be by herself, and keep herpossessions45. people willhave their private thoughts that might never be shared with anyone46.Americans’houses, yards, and even their offices can seem open and inviting.Yet in the minds of Americans, there are boundaries that other people aresimply not supposed to cross。

2013年六月英语六级真题及答案完整版

2013 年六月英语六级真题及答案完整版（文都）Part III Listening Comprehension 35 minutesSection ADirections:In this section you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the endof each conversation one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause you must read the four choices marked A B C and D and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

11. A She has completely recovered.B She went into shock after an operation.C She is still in a critical condition.D She is getting much better.12. A Ordering a breakfast. C Buying a train ticket.B Booking a hotel room. D Fixing a compartment.13.A Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B The man is the only one who brought her book back.C She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.14. A She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B She attended the supermarket’s grand opening ceremony.C She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.15. A He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B He cannot do his report without a computer.C He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D He feels sorry to have missed the report.16. A Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B The gallery space is big enough for the man’s paintings.C The woman would like to help with the exibition layout.D The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.17. A The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B The man works in the same department as the woman does.C The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.18. A It was better than the previous one.B It distorted the mayor’s speech.C It exaggerated the city’s economy problems.D It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A To inform him of a problem they face.B To request him to purchase control desks.C To discuss the content of a project report.D To ask him to fix the dictating machine.20. A They quote the best price in the market.B They manufacture and sell office furniture.C They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D They cannot produce the steel sheets needed21. A By marking down the unit price.B By accepting the penalty clauses.C By allowing more time for delivery.D By promising better after-sales service.22. A Give the customer a ten percent discount.B Claim compensation from the stool suppliers.C Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A Stockbroker. C Mathematician.B Physicist. D Economist.24. A Improve computer programming.B Predict global population growth.C Explain certain natural phenomena.D Promote national financial health.25. A Their different educational backgrounds.B Changing attitudes toward nature.C Chaos theory and its applications.D The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage you will hearsome questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D. Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。

[全网首发]2013英语六级真题试卷一及答案

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题作文：1) Good habits result from resisting temptation. 来自于谚语 2) A smile is the shortest distance between two people. 来自于Victor Borge 3) Earth provides enough to satisfy every man's need, but not every man's greed。

听力原文短对话Part III Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A)， B)， C) and D)， and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre。

11.W: What's wrong with your phone, Gary? I tried to call you all night yesterday。

英语六级考试真题(第3套)+参考答案

2013年6月英语六级考试真题试卷（第3套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark "A smile is the shortest distance between two people." You can cite examplesto . You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Norman Borlaug: 'Father of the Green Revolution'Few people have quietly changed the world for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestern state of Iowa in the United States. The man in focus is Norman Borlaug, the Father of the 'Green Revolution', who died on September 12, 2009 at age 95. Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60 working years in the farmlands of Mexico, South Asia and later in Africa, fighting world hunger, and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process. An achievement, fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years"I'm a product of the great depression" is how Borlaug described himself. A great-grandson of Norwegian immigrants to the United States, Borlaug was born in 1914 and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern corner of Iowa in a town called Cresco. His family had a 40-hectare (公顷) farm on which they grew wheat, maize (玉米) and hay and raised pigs and cattle. Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17 on the farm, even as he attended a one-room, one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.Borlaug didn't have money to go to college. But through a Great Depression era programme, known as the National Youth Administration, Borlaug was able to enroll in the University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry. He excelled in studies and received his Ph.D. in plant pathology (病理学) and genetics in 1942. From 1942 to 1944, Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington. However, following the December 7, 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, Borlaug tried to join the military, but was rejected underwartimeIn MexicoIn 1944, many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations wereexpanding faster than crop production. Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop. It involved research in genetics, plant breeding, plant pathology, entomology (昆虫学) , agronomy (农艺学) , soil science, and cereal technology. The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico, which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain. Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult. He lacked trained scientists and equipment. Native farmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939 to 1941 due to stem rust.Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall, thin stalks. While taller wheat competed better for sunlight, they had a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain - a trait called lodging. To overcome this, Borlaug worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks, which could hold on larger seed heads. Borlaug's new semi-dwarf, disease-resistant varieties, called Pitic 62 and Penjamo 62, changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically. By 1963 wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of 1944.Green Revolution in IndiaDuring the 1960s, South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a large scale from the United States. Borlaug came to India in 1963 along with Dr. Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent. The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi, under the supervision of Dr. M. S. Swaminathan. These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana, Pantnagar, Kanpur, Pune and Indore. The results were promising, but large-scale success, however, was not instant. Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India. By 1965, when the drought situation turned alarming, the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward. By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico, Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between 1965 and 1970.India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat, importing some 18000 tonnes of seed. By 1968, it was clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary. It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it, of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor (打谷场) , of jute (麻黄) bags to store it. Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses.United Nation's Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) observed that in 40 years between 1961 and 2001, "India more than doubled its population, from 452 million to more than 1 billion. At the same time, it nearly tripled its grain production from 87 million tonnes to 231 million tonnes. It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage (土地面积) a mere 8 percent." It was in India that Norman Borlaug's work was described as the 'Green Revolution.'In AfricaAfrica suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the 70s and 80s. Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent, but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system, the hungry remained empty-stomach. The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation, Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa. He called up Norman Borlaug. now leading a semi-retired life, for help. He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded theSasakawa Africa Association. Borlaug later recalled, "but after I saw the terrible circumstances there, I said, 'Let's just start growing'".The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico. Those elements that allowed Borlaug's projects to succeed, such as well-organized economies and transportation and irrigation systems, were severely lacking throughout Africa. Because of this, Borlaug's initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent. Nevertheless, yields of maize, sorghum (高粱) and wheat doubled between 1983 and 1985.Nobel PrizeFor his contributions to the world food supply, Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970. Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at 4:00 a. m., but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley, about 65 km west of Mexico City. A chauffeur (司机) took her to the fields to inform her husband. In his acceptance speech, Borlaug said, "the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind. Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world. Yet, 50 percent of the world population goes hungry."Green Revolution vs Environmentalists参考答案注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2013年6月六级考试真题(卷三)

2013年6月六级考试真题（第三套）选项的顺序不一样而已，故在本套中没有重复给出。

2Section B Directions:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement containsinformation given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Norman Borlaug:“Father of the Green Revolution”[A]Few people have quietly changed theworld for the better more than this rural lad from the midwestem state of Iowa inthe United States.The man in focus is Norman Borlaug,the “Father of the Green Revolution”,who died on 12September 2009at age 95.Norman Borlaug spent most of his 60working years in the farmlands of Mexico,South Asia and later in Africa,fighting world hunger,and saving by some estimates up to a billion lives in the process.An achievement,fit for a Nobel Peace Prize.Early Years[B]“I’m a product of the great depression”is how Borlaug described himself.A great-grandson of Norwegianimmigrants to the United States,Borlaug was born in 1914and grew up on a small farm in the northeastern comer of Iowa in a town called Cresco.His family had a 40-hectrare (公顷)farm on which they grew wheat,maize (玉米)and hay and raised pigs and cattle.Norman spent most of his time from age 7-17on the farm,even as he attended a one-room,one-teacher school at New Oregon in Howard County.[C]Borlaug didn’t have money to go to college.But through a Great Depression era programme,known as the NationalYouth Administration,Borlaug was able to enroll in University of Minnesota at Minneapolis to study forestry.He excelled in studies and received his PhD in plant path ology (病理学）and genetics in 1942.[D]From 1942to 1944,Borlaug was employed as a microbiologist at DuPont in Wilmington.However,following theDecember 1941attack on Pearl Harbor,Borlaug tried to join the military,but was rejected under wartime labour regulations.In Mexico[E]In 1944,many experts warned of mass starvation in developing nations where populations were expanding faster thancrop production.Borlaug began work at a Rockefeller Foundation-funded project in Mexico to increase wheat production by developing higher-yielding varieties of the crop.It involved research in genetics,plant breeding,plant pathology,entomology （昆虫学），agronomy （农艺学）,soil science,and cereal technology.The goal of the project was to boost wheat production in Mexico,which at the time was importing a large portion of its grain.[F]Borlaug said that his first couple of years in Mexico were difficult.He lacked trained scientists and equipment.Nativefarmers were hostile towards the wheat programme because of serious crop losses from 1939to 1941due to stem rust.[G]Wheat varieties that Borlaug worked with had tall,thin stalks.While taller wheat competed better for sunlight,theyhad a tendency to collapse under the weight of extra grain —a trait called lodging.To overcome this,Borlaug梦想不会辜负每一个努力的人worked on breeding wheat with shorter and stronger stalks,which could hold on larger seed heads.Borlaug’s new semi-dwarf,disease-resistant varieties,called Pitic62and Penjamo62,changed the potential yield of Mexican wheat dramatically.By1963wheat production in Mexico stood six times more than that of1944.Green Revolution in India[H]During the1960s,South Asia experienced severe drought condition and India had been importing wheat on a largescale from the United States.Borlaug came to India in1963along with Dr Robert Anderson to duplicate his Mexican success in the sub-continent.The experiments began with planting a few of the high-yielding variety strains in the fields of the Indian Agricultural Research Institute at Pusa in New Delhi,under the supervision of Dr M.S.Swaminathan.These strains were subsequently planted in test plots at Ludhiana,Pantnagar,Kanpur,Pune and Indore.The results were promising,but large-scale success,however,was not instant.Cultural opposition to new agricultural techniques initially prevented Borlaug from going ahead with planting of new wheat strains in India.By1965,when the drought situation turned alarming,the Government took the lead and allowed wheat revolution to move forward.By employing agricultural techniques he developed in Mexico,Borlaug was able to nearly double South Asian wheat harvests between1965and1970.[I]India subsequently made a huge commitment to Mexican wheat,importing some18,000tonnes of seed.By1968,itwas clear that the Indian wheat harvest was nothing short of revolutionary.It was so productive that there was a shortage of labour to harvest it,of bull carts to haul it to the threshing floor（打谷场）of jute（黄麻）bags to store it.Local governments in some areas were forced to shut down schools temporarily to use them as store houses. [J]United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO)observed that in40years between1961and2001,“India more than doubled its population,from452million to more than1billion.At the same time,it nearly tripled its grain production from87million tonnes to231million tonnes.It accomplished this feat while increasing cultivated grain acreage（土地面积）a mere8percent.”It was in India that Norman Borlaug’s work was described as the“Green Revolution.”In Africa[K]Africa suffered widespread hunger and starvation through the70s and80s.Food and aid poured in from most developed countries into the continent,but thanks to the absence of efficient distribution system,the hungry remained empty-stomach.The then Chairman of the Nippon Foundation,Ryoichi Sasakawa wondered why the methods used in Mexico and India were not extended to Africa.He called up Norman Borlaug,now leading a semi-retired life,for help.He managed to convince Borlaug to help with his new effort and subsequently founded the Sasakawa Africa Association.Borlaug later recalled,“but after I saw the terrible circumstances there,I said,‘Let’s just start growing’”.[L]The success in Africa was not as spectacular as it was in India or Mexico.Those elements that allowed Borlaug’s projects to succeed,such as well-organised economies and transportation and irrigation systems,were severely lacking throughout Africa.Because of this,Borlaug’s initial projects were restricted to developed regions of the continent.Nevertheless,yields of maize,sorghum(高粱)and wheat doubled between1983and1985.Nobel Prize[M]For his contributions to the world food supply,Borlaug was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in1970.Norwegian officials notified his wife in Mexico City at4:00am,but Borlaug had already left for the test fields in the Toluca valley,about65km west of Mexico City.A chauffeur(司机）took her to the fields to inform her husband.In his acceptance speech,Borlaug said,“the first essential component of social justice is adequate food for all mankind.Food is the moral right of all who are born into this world.Yet,50percent of the world population goes hungry.”Green Revolution vs Environmentalists梦想不会辜负每一个努力的人[N]Borlaug’s advocacy of intensive high-yield agriculture came under severe criticism from environmentalists in recent years.His work faced environmental and socio-economic criticisms,including charges that his methods have created dependence on monoculture crops,unsustainable fanning practices,heavy indebtedness among subsistence farmers, and high levels of cancer among those who work with agriculture chemicals.There are also concerns about the long-term sustainability of fanning practices encouraged by the Green Revolution in both the developed and the developing world.[O]In India,the Green Revolution is blamed for the destruction of India crop diversity,drought vulnerability, dependence on agro-chemicals that poison soils but reap large-scale benefits mostly to the American multi-national corporations.What these critics overwhelmingly advocate is a global movement towards“organic”or“sustainable”farming practices that avoid using chemicals and high technology in favour of natural fertilisers,cultivation and pest-control porgrammes.46.Farmers’rejection of his planting techniques initially prevented Borlaug from achieving large-scale success in India.47.In both developed and developing countries there are concerns whether in the long run Borlaug’s farming practice willbe sustainable.48.Borlaug’s Pitic62and Penjamo62has short and strong stems and can resist to diseases.49.Borlaug’s success in Africa was not as spectacular as in India or Mexico because Africa lacked the necessarysupporting facilities.50.In India,critics attribute the destruction of Indian crop diversity to the Green Revolution.51.Borlaug emphasised that adequate food for all mankind is essential in ensuring social justice in his Nobel Prizeacceptance speech.52.In recent years Borlaug’s Green Revolution has been attacked by environmentalists.53.Borlaug’s wheat programme had been stuck in trouble during his first couple of years in Mexico.54.According to United Nation’s Food and Agriculture Organisation,in40years between1961and2001India’s grainproduction increased nearly three times.55.Norman Borlaug won a Nobel Prize for his60years work on combating world hunger.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions56to60are based on the following passage.“Depression”is more than a serious economic downturn.What distinguishes a depression from a harsh recession is paralysing fear—fear of the unknown so great that it causes consumers,businesses,and investors to retreat and panic. They save up cash and desperately cut spending.They sell stocks and other assets.A shattering loss of confidence inspires behaviour that overwhelms the normal self-correcting mechanisms that usually prevent a recession from becoming deep and prolonged:a depression.Comparing1929with2007-09,Christina Romer,the head of President Obama’s Council of Economic Advisers,finds the initial blow to confidence far greater now than then.True,stock prices fell a third from September to December1929, but fewer Americans then owned stocks.Moreover,home prices barely dropped.From December1928to December1929, total household wealth declined only3%.By contrast,the loss in household wealth between December2007and December 2008was17%.Both stocks and homes,more widely held,dropped more.Thus traumatised(受到创伤），the economy might4have gone into a free fall ending in depression.Indeed,it did go into free fall.Shoppers refrained from buying cars, appliances,and other big-ticket items.Spending on such“durables”dropped at a12%annual rate in2008’s third quarter,a 20%rate in the fourth.And businesses shelved investment projects.That these huge declines didn’t lead to depression mainly reflects,as Romer argues,counter-measures taken by the government.Private markets for goods,services,labor,and securities do mostly self-correct,but panic feeds on itself and disarms these stabilising tendencies.In this situation,only the government can protect the economy as a whole,because most individuals and companies are involved in the self-defeating behaviour of self-protection.Government’s failure to perform this role in the early1930s transformed recession into depression.Scholars will debate which interventions this time—the Federal Reserve’s support of a failing credit system,guarantees of bank debt, Obama’s“stimulus”plan and bank“stress test”一counted most in preventing a recurrence.Regardless,all these complex measures had the same psychological purpose:to reassure people that the free fall would stop and,thereby,curb die fear that would perpetuate(使持久）a free fall.All this improved confidence.But the consumer sentiment index remains weak,and all the rebound has occurred in Americans’evaluation of future economic conditions,not the present.Unemployment(9.8%)is abysmal(糟透的）, the recovery’s strength unclear.Here,too,there is an echo from the1930s.Despite bottoming out in1933,the Depression didn’t end until World War II.Some government policies aided recovery;some hindered it.The good news today is that the bad news is not worse.56.Why do consumers,businesses and investors retreat and panic in times of depression?A)They suffer great losses in stocks,property and other assets.B)They find the self-correcting mechanisms dysfunctioning.C)They are afraid the normal social order will be paralysed.D)They don’t know what is going to happen in the future.57.What does Christina Romer say about the current economic recession?A)Its severity is no match for the Great Depression of1929.B)Its initial blow to confidence far exceeded that of1929.C)It has affected house owners more than stock holders.D)It has resulted in a free fall of the prices of commodities.58.Why didn’t the current recession turn into a depression according to Christina Romer?A)The government intervened effectively.B)Private markets corrected themselves.C)People refrained from buying durables and big-ticket items.D)Individuals and companies adopted self-protection measures.59.What is the chief purpose of all the counter measures taken?A)To create job opportunities.C)To stimulate domestic consumption.B)To curb the fear of a lasting free fall.D)To rebuild the credit system.60.What does the author think of today’s economic situation?A)It may worsen without further stimulation.C)It has not gone from bad to worse.B)It will see a rebound sooner or later.D)It does not give people reason for pessimism.Passage TwoQuestions61to65are based on the following passage.“Usually when we walk through-the rain forest we hear a soft sound from all the moist leaves and organic debris on the梦想不会辜负每一个努力的人forest floor,”says ecologist Daniel Nepstad.“Now we increasingly get rustle and crunch.That’s the sound of a dying forest.”Predictions of the collapse of the tropical rain forests have been around for years.Yet until recently the worst forecasts were almost exclusively linked to direct human activity,such as dear-cutting and burning for pastures or farms.Left alone, it was assumed,the world’s rain forests would not only flourish but might even rescue us from disaster by absorbing the excess carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases.Now it turns out that may be wishful thinking.Some scientists believe that the rise in carbon levels means that the Amazon and other rain forests in Asia and Africa may go from being assets in the battle against rising temperatures to liabilities.Amazon plants,for instance,hold more than100billion metric tons of carbon,equal to15years of tailpipe and chimney emissions.If the collapse of the rain forests speeds up dramatically,it could eventually release3.5-5billion metric tons of carbon into the atmosphere each year一making forests the leading source of greenhouse gases.Uncommonly severe droughts brought on by global climate change have led to forest-eating wildfires from Australia to Indonesia,but nowhere more acutely than in the Amazon.Some experts say that the rain forest is already at the brink of collapse.Extreme weather and reckless development are plotting against the rain forest in ways that scientists have never seen.Trees need more water as temperatures rise,but the prolonged droughts have robbed them of moisture,making whole forests easily cleared of trees and turned into farmland.The picture worsens with each round of El Nino,the unusually warm currents in the Pacific Ocean that drive up temperatures and invariably presage（预示）droughts and fires in the rain forest.Runaway fires pour even more carbon into the air,which increases temperatures,starting the whole vicious cycle all over again.More than paradise lost,a perishing rain forest could trigger a domino effect—sending winds and rains kilometres off course and loading the skies with even greater levels of greenhouse gases—that will be felt far beyond the Amazon basin.In a sense,we are already getting a glimpse of what’s to come.Each burning season in the Amazon,fires deliberately set by frontier settlers and developers hurl up almost half a billion metric tons of carbon a year,placing Brazil among the top five contributors to greenhouse gases in the world.61.We learn from the first paragraph that_______________.A)dead leaves and tree debris make the same soundB)trees that are dying usually give out a soft moanC)organic debris echoes the sounds in a rain forestD)the sound of a forest signifies its health condition62.In the second paragraph,the author challenges the view that___________________.A)the collapse of rain forests is caused by direct human interferenceB)carbon emissions are the leading cause of current global warmingC)the condition of rain forests has been rapidly deterioratingD)rain forests should not be converted into pastures or farms63.The author argues that the rising carbon levels in rain forests may____________________.A)turn them into a major source of greenhouse gasesB)change the weather patterns throughout the worldC)pose a threat to wildlifeD)accelerate their collapse64.What has made it easier to turn some rain forests into farmland?A)Rapid rise in carbon levels.C)Lack of rainfall resulting from global warming.6B)Reckless land development.D)The unusual warm currents in the Pacific Ocean.65.What makes Brazil one of the world’s top five contributors to greenhouse gases?A)The domino effect triggered by the perishing rain forests.B)Its practice of burning forests for settlement and development.C)The changed patterns of winds and rains in the Amazon area.D)Its inability to curb the carbon emissions from industries.Part IV TranslationDirections:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.中国是最早生产丝绸的国家。

2013年6月六级考试真题答案解析(第三套)

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解Part ⅠWriting1、审题:本篇为评论性的话题作文。

题目中要求评论的“Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s need, but not every man’s greed”这句话出自圣雄甘地（Mahatma Gandhi)之口，是甘地生态世界观的体现。

地球一直是哺育生于斯的人类的最无私的母亲，为人类提供着各种生存和生活所需。

然而，随着科技进步、人口数量的激增，人类对地球的抢夺也越来越严重。

常言道：欲壑难填，而资源有限。

寻找合适的方式，维持人与地球及其资源之间的和谐关系，已是人类必须认真思考、快速行动的当务之急。

出题人似乎也是鉴于当前由于人类对自然界无穷无尽的索取，导致各种自然灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭等问题，借这个题目引发思考和更多关注。

考生可以从不同角度对这一主题进行阐释：可以先描述当前灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭等现状，引出主题，然后分析产生这些现象的人为因素（只追求GDP,不保护资源；人口激增，资源消耗，浪费更大；追求利益，盲目、过度开采等），最后发出呼吁；或者也可以先简述当前人与地球的关系（人们为了满足自己的贪欲，向地球无止境地索取，造成一系列问题），然后陈述人类积极协调自身利益与地球之间关系的意义，最后提出一两点建议结束全文。

2、写作思路：第一段：描述人类欲望膨胀带来的问题，如灾害频发、物种灭绝、资源枯竭，指出地球现状值得人们高度关注。

第二段：分析产生上述各种现象的原因，如只追求GDP而不保护资源；人口激增，资源的消耗和浪费更大；为求利益而盲目、过度开采等。

第三段：总结，指出人类应该控制自己的贪婪欲望，如此才能在地球上世代生存。

Time to Shake off Greed and Heal the EarthEarth, as has always been regarded as mother to human beings, has fallen ill with the symptoms of the frequent eruption of natural disasters, the extinction of wild animals and the exhaustion of natural resources. And the situation illustrated should arouse great attention of all human beings.As a matter of fact, blinded by greed, human beings have great responsibility for the present situation we confront with. To start with, human beings are so economy-oriented that they ignore the protection of the environment. Then, population in the planet has experienced great booming, which makes more and more resources needed and exhausted, and in turn threatens to end human life. Finally, human beings excessively exploit and abuse non-renewable energy and resources just for the expanding of their own benefits, which will only lead to the darkness of future for their offspring.Since the vista of the human’s greed towards the Mother Earth is so terrible that we should stop the unreasonable exploitation of the earth. Let’s shake off greed and heal the earth, and build a better home for ourselves and for our later generations.PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A答案详解：36、C)。