2020外刊时文(人与自然专题)精选精读精练之高考语法填空：2050年,海平面上升将危及更多的大城市
专题04 自然灾害与防范-2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练(解析版)
2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练专题04自然灾难与防范基础篇Natural Phenomena: The roaring of floods咆哮的洪水巩固篇search continues for Morocco's quake survivors搜寻摩洛哥地震幸存者提高篇Wildfire spreads on Spain's Tenerife西班牙特内里费岛野火集中专项微练单句语法填空非谓语动词专项训练真题精选高考模拟连接名校真题演练【原创题】【基础篇】There may not always be time to protectyourself, but there are a few tips for dealing1 floods covering three phases:before, during and after a flood. When 2(choose) a place to live, try to avoid thefloodplain-areas close to a water source, 3can experience flooding during heavy rains. Andprepare some first aid bags along with your important 4 (document) in waterproof bags. Meanwhile, keep 5 eye on the warning systems. On July 7, more than 30,000 people in Donglan County, China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, were 6 (safe) transferred before flooding thanks to the warning system.When a flood 7 (happen), do not walk, swim or drive through flood waters. 8 (move) water contains great power that can knock you down and sweep your vehicle away. 9 you have to walk in water, make sure the water is not moving and you have things like a safety rope. Don't return home untilauthorities confirm it is safe. And be aware of water hygiene and power lines when you use them. Sometimes animals like snakes could appear in your house, you should wear gloves for sanitation and 10 (safe) .【答案】1. with2. choosing3. which4. documents5. an6. safely7. happens8. Moving9. If 10. safety【巩固篇】People slept in the streets for a third straightnight as soldiers and international aid teams intrucks and 1 (helicopter) began to faninto remote mountain villages hit hardest by themagnitude 6.8 quake, 2 struck 72kilometers southwest of Marrakech late 3Friday night. A Chinese medical team in Moroccoreceived a call from a local hospital shortly afterthe quake, saying a pregnant woman 4 (experience) severe predelivery bleeding. A doctor from the team rushed to the hospital and conducted 5 emergency surgery to deliver a baby girl, according to reports from Chinese media outlets. Both mother and daughter were doing well, the reports 6 (add).The team said it has performed multiple cesarean sections in the aftermath of the disaster, welcoming several new lives into the world. Flags 7 (lower) across Morocco, as King Mohammed VI ordered three days of national mourning starting on Sunday. He thanked Spain, Qatar, the UK and the UAE for 8 (they) assistance in search and rescue efforts, state TV reported. Morocco's deadliest quake was a magnitude 5.8 temblor in 1960 that struck near the city of Agadir, 9 (kill) at least 12,000. It prompted Morocco to change construction rules, but many buildings, 10 (especial) rural homes, are still not built to withstand strong tremors.【答案】1. helicopters2. which3. on4. was experiencing5. an6. added7. were lowered8. their9. killing 10. especially【提高篇】A wildfire on the Spanish island of Tenerifethat has forced thousands of people 1(flee) their homes remained out of control onSunday, despite a slight 2 (improve) inweather conditions during the night. Orange flameslit 3 the night sky from Saturday intoSunday on hillsides just above the lights ofinhabited areas, 4 thick black smokebillowed high into the air.Late on Saturday, emergency services said the fire was now affecting 10 towns, although 11 had been evacuated as a precaution. No major tourist areas 5 (affect). It covered an area of over 8,000 hectares (20,000 acres) with a perimeter of 70 km (40 miles), spreading from 5,000 hectares and a perimeter of 50 km early on Saturday. Regional 6 (authority)said over 12,000 people had been evacuated, revising down their earlier provisional estimate of 26,000.Weather conditions overnight were "better than expected" Tenerife's fire brigade said on Sunday on X,7 (form) known as Twitter. Fernando Clavijo, Canary Islands' regional leader, said the largest firefighting deployment in the history of Tenerife had so-far prevented the loss of any homes. Evacuations were ordered throughout Saturday due to worsening weather conditions. At 8 news conference late on Saturday, the head of Tenerife's local government Rosa Davila described the fire as "devastating" and said it had forced new evacuations.The blaze broke out on Wednesday in a mountainous national park around the Mount Teide volcano - Spain's highest peak. Popular tourist areas on Tenerife, part of the Canaries archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, have so far been unaffected 9 its two airports have been operating normally. Scorching heat and dry weather this summer have contributed to unusually severe wildfires in Europe, 10 (include) in Spain's La Palma island in July, and Canada. Blazes on Hawaii's Maui island earlier this month killed more than 110 people and wrecked the historic resort city of Lahaina. Scientists say climate change has led to more frequent and more powerful extreme weather events.【答案】1. to flee2. improvement3. up4. while5. have been affected6. authorities7. formerly8. a9. and 10. including【专项微练：非谓语动词】1．__________ (inspire) by the people she met online, she decided to start an IT club. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Inspired【详解】考查非谓语动词。
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读专题05气候变化零碳排放(含答案)
高考英语外刊时文精读专题：2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (5)Climate change气候变化Heat island热岛主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：人与环境【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）On March 13th, as commuters（每日往返上班者）streamed out of Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus,a gothic revival masterpiece（哥特式复兴建筑——贾特拉帕蒂·希瓦吉终点站）in Mumbai, India’s commercial capital, they were confronted with temperatures approaching40°C, nearly7°C above normal for the time of year. The city is in the midst of a debilitating heatwave, its 13th in the past five decades, nearly half of which occurred in the past 15 years. Mumbai’s average temperature has increased by over 1°C in that period.Had those commuters crossed the street from the station and entered the city’s grand headquarters that day, they might have found cause for optimism. That afternoon politicians from the authority and the state of Maharashtra, of which Mumbai is the capital, had gathered to unveil（揭露）a “climate action plan”. The city aims to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, two decades earlier than the target set by the national government.Mumbai is extremely vulnerable to climate change.A narrow and densely populated（人口密集的）island, surrounded on three sides by the Arabian Sea, it is attacked by monsoon(季候风) rains for four months a year and routinely subject to flooding, especially during high tide. That is bad enough for thecity’s apartment-dwellers（公寓居民）. But it is even worse for the 42% of the population who live in slums（贫民窟）, which are likely to be washed away or buried by landslides（山体滑坡）.The key of the plan is a proposal to decarbonise（去碳化）Mumbai’s energy. Generating the city’s electricity, which produces nearly two-thirds of the city’s emissions, relies mostly on burning fossil fuels, particularly coal. The city wants to increase the share of renewables （可再生资源）. It is looking, for instanceinto installing solar panels（装太阳能电池板）on rooftops.Another priority is to improve the quality andefficiency of the city’s buildings.Slums, especially, are heat islands. Made of whatever materials are at hand or cheaply available, they are five or six degrees hotter than structures of good quality, making them, as the report puts it, “uninhabitable(不适于居住的)” on hot days. Moreover, the heat, damp and cramped(狭窄的)conditions make slum residents more vulnerable to disease—a less obvious risk of climate change.The plan is, however, short on details of how to achieve its ambition s. Still, in publishing one at all Mumbai has led the way among South Asian metropolises(大都市). Other cities are keen to follow suit, says Shruti Narayan of C40, who helped with the report. Chennai and Bangalore in the south have started work on their plans. Others, including Delhi and Kolkata in India, Dhaka in Bangladesh and Karachi in Pakistan have expressed interest in doing something similar.There is plenty in Mumbai’s240-page document to inspire them. One is the fact that it does not rely on using technologies that do not yet exist, a criticism at many countries’ national proposals. Another is the attention given to adaptation(coping with all the bad things already happening) and not just reducing future emissions.Details may anyway be beside the point. The real value of Mumbai’s plan is as a signalling device(信号装置)that “focuses the attention of policymakers”, states Abhas Jha, a climate specialist at the World Bank. The Paris Agreement, which committed the world to the goal of keeping the rise in temperatures to less than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, worked in much the same way, leaving countries to hash out details later. Time, though, is getting ever shorter.【课标词汇】1.stream（一群人，东西）涌，涌动；流动He was watching the taxis streaming past.他看着出租车一辆接着一辆地驶过。
专题08 环境保护-2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练(解析版)
2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练专题08环境保护基础篇Solutions to Plastic Pollution塑料污染解决方案巩固篇Chile cracks down on Easter Island tourism toprotect environment智利打击复活节岛旅游以保护环境提高篇China establishes AI monitoring platform toprotect wildlife 中国建立人工智能监测平台保护野生动物专项微练单句语法填空情态动词专项训练真题精选高考模拟衔接名校真题演练【原创题】【基础篇】Proclaimed by the United Nations in 1972,World Environment Day is considered 1 (be)the biggest international day for the environment, andhas been observed 2 (annual) on June 5since 1973 in a bid to "highlight that the protectionand health of the environment is a major issue, 3 affects the well-being of peoples and economic development throughout the world," according to a UNESCO website.According to the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), the day 4 (grow) to be the largest global platform for 5 (environment) outreach. And under the theme of "Solutions to Plastic Pollution," this year's edition calls for global solutions and actions to combat the increasing threat of plastic to the environment, 6 (invite) people from every corner of the earth to join the BeatPlasticPollution campaign.In China, great efforts have been made to fight plastic pollution over the past decades. 7 measures already in place – such as the restriction of the production, sale and use of certain plastics, the promotion of thedevelopment of degradable, recycle-friendly alternative products, and national-level environmental conservation awareness campaigns, 8 (individual)have also been responding to the call, trying to make 9 difference in this fight against plastic pollution. Among one of the latest moves, volunteers from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, offered tourists biodegradable bags in exchange for their plastic bags, in the hope of reducing the use of plastic bags and protecting 10 (they) much-cherished local islands.【答案】1.to be2.annually3.which4.has grown5.environmental6.inviting7.With8.individuals9.a 10.their【巩固篇】Chile is cracking down on tourists and non-localresidents on its remote Easter Island, in a bid 1(protect) the famed destination’s environment and heritage,and tackle rising crime. New rules came 2 effecton Wednesday reducing the time that tourists – foreigners,but also Chileans not part of the Rapa Nui people – can stay on the island from 90 to 30 days. Those wishing to visit Easter Island must now fill out a special form, have a hotel reservation or present a letter of invitation from3 islander, along with showing round trip tickets. Those4 wish to live on the island are required to bea parent, partner or child of the Rapa Nui people. Others who will 5 (allow) to stay are public servants, employees of organizations that provide services to the government, and those who develop an independent economic activity alongside their families. The new rules will also establish a yet-to-be-decided maximum capacity. Despite its isolated location some 3,500 kilometers from the coast of mainland Chile, the island is a popular tourist destination, not least due to the around 900 giant human figures that line the island, 6 (stand) up to 10 meters tall.The Moai monumental statues were carved by the Rapa Nui people, believed to have arrived on the Pacific island around the 12th century. But tourists and mainland migrants have become a threat to the island's wellbeing. "It is a magical island, we all want to visit it, but it is also a 7 (sense) island and therefore we have to take care of it," Chile's President Sebastian Pinera said Wednesday, speaking on the country's 24-hour news channel.At the last census in 2017, there were 7,750 people living on Easter Island, almost double the population of a few decades ago, before the island 8 (hit) by a tourism boom and the real estate development that accompanied it. Mayor Pedro Edmunds told AFP news agency that tourists are "damaging the local idiosyncrasy" as "customs from the continent" are infiltrating the island. "The 1,000-year culture is changing and not for the good."Crime and domestic violence figures are also rising, and basic services such as waste management, 9 (strain) under the pressure. "Environmentally the island is very fragile," Ana Maria Gutierrez, the local government's environmental adviser told AFP. For Mayor Edmunds, the legislation is "a good start" but “not enough.” Like "many other Rapa Nui" he said he favors a "total" ban on the 10 (arrive) of new residents.【答案】1.to protect2.into3.an4.who5.be allowed6.standing7.sensitive8.was hit9.are straining 10.arrival【提高篇】An artificial intelligence (AI) monitoringplatform to protect China's wildlife has been 1(joint) established, local authorities said Tuesday. TheAI big data real-time monitoring platform,co-developed by Feline Research Center of NationalForestry and Grassland Administration, HarbinInstitute of Technology (HIT) and HIT Big Data Group, 2 (expect) to support research on ecological systems, animal population and individual animals through advanced technologies, 3 (include) AI, machine learning and neuro-linguistic processing. The Internet of Things, big data and intelligent machine vision will also enable the platform 4 (establish) individual recognition models with main recognition 5 (element), such as animals' posture, gait, color and fur pattern.Li Fuquan, 6 official with HIT Big Data Group, said the platform will be preliminarily applied to track and monitor endangered Siberian tigers, leopards and their prey. Forest zones 7 northeastern Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces and border areas between China and Russia are Siberian tigers 8 leopards' main habitat. The platform is expected to provide cross-border services for wildlife protection, according to Li. A database for Siberian tigers and leopards will be established to help study the relationship between thechanges of 9 (ecology) environment and the development of the species. "Data can help 10 (we) better understand wildlife, and more technologies are expected to be introduced to study and protect wild animals," Li added.【答案】1.jointly2.is expected3.including4.to establish5.elements6.an7.in8.and9.ecological 【专项微练：情态动词】1．We can’t________ (tolerant) people throwing garbage here and there, so we will launch a campaign to appeal to people to protect the environment. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】tolerate【详解】考查动词。
备战2020年高考 外刊精读与练习：Concepts of happiness 幸福的概念(学案)
备战2020年高考外刊精读与练习（学案）Concepts of Happiness幸福的概念语篇导读幸福是什么？研究认为，在西方文化中，个人的愉悦感是公认的幸福定义。
而在东亚文化中，人们倾向于将社会和谐视为幸福。
在非洲和印度的一些地区，幸福感更多地与共享体验和家庭相连接。
本集内容讨论人们对幸福的追求，以及人们可以在何处找到幸福。
Step 1 Vocabulary: 词汇表human characteristics 词汇: 人类特性take a leaf out of someone's book 效仿（某人/物），向…学习well-being 幸福generosity 慷慨，宽宏大量pleasure 欢乐social harmony 社会和谐content 满足的concept 观念imperfection 缺点，弱点ageing 变老，衰老fault 弱点，缺点individuality 个人特征，特质down in the dumps 情绪低落，郁闷、不高兴virtuous 品德高尚的to be passionate about 对…喜爱的、充满激情的altruistic 利他的miserable 痛苦的anxious 焦虑的，不安的adept 游刃有余的Step 2 Reading and understandingHow are you feeling today? Our emotions can vary considerably depending on many factors, including our health, wealth, relationships and where we live. But sometimes we need to take a step back and think about what happiness really means and how we can find it.Maybe we should take a leaf out of Finland's book –last year the UN's World Happiness Report found the country to be the happiest place on Earth. The report looked at 'subjective well-being'. That's how happy people feel they are and why - based on factors such as, economic strength, social support, life expectancy, freedom of choice, generosity, and perceived corruption.This is just one way of measuring happiness. Research has also suggested that while personal feelings of pleasure are the accepted definition of happiness in Western cultures, East Asian cultures tend to see happiness as social harmony, and in some parts of Africa and India it's more about shared experiences and family.Author and journalist Helen Russell has been looking at the positive characteristics of a country's population to see what makes them happy and found Japan to be one of the most content. She told the BBC that this was due to their concept of wabi-sabi –"this traditional Japanese concept around celebrating imperfection… it's this idea that there is a beauty in ageing, it's to be celebrated rather than trying to disguise it." So, basically, we should be happy with who we are and rejoice in our faults and individuality. That's something to put a smile on our faces!But if you're feeling down in the dumps because your home country doesn't have a happiness concept to follow, consider some self-help ideas that the BBC programme Hacking Happiness has been looking into. These include being virtuous, finding something to be passionate about, enjoying the here and now and being altruistic –helping others.However, our pursuit of happiness could make us miserable as we try to meet society’s expectations and goals, makin g us anxious and stressed. Also, having too little experience of negative emotions can make us less adept at facing new challenges.Step 3 测验与练习Task 1 阅读课文并回答问题。
2020外刊时文人与自然专题2050年海平面上升将危及更多大城市精选精读精练之语法填空(7张)
Basra, the second-largest city
in Iraq, could be mostly
underwater by 2050. If that
happens, the effects could be felt
well beyond Iraq’s borders,
according to John Castellaw, a
一项最新研究显示，到2050年， 海平面上升影响的人口可能是此 前预计的三倍之多，世界上一些
research, threatening to 大型沿海城市将面临消失殆尽的
all but erase some of the 威胁。
world’s great coastal
cities.
The authors of a paper published Tuesday
剧该地区的社会和政治不稳定，从 而引发武装冲突、增加恐怖袭击的
Climate and Security, a research 可能性。”卡斯特洛中将表示。他
and advocacy group in
目前任职于气候与安全中心顾问委 员会，后者是一个位于华盛顿的研
Washington.
究和游说团体。
“So this is far more than an environmental problem,” he said. “It’s a humanitarian, security and possibly military problem too.”
retired Marine Corps lieutenant
general.
Further loss of land to
备战新高考英语时文阅读原创语法填空：人与自然篇
高三英语课外时文分类阅读系列距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
第五部分“人与自然”之环境保护篇目录：Passage 1 太空垃圾应该如何清理？Passage 2 保护生物多样性，中国“Z世代”在行Passage 3 中国的“诺亚方舟”Passage 4 太空种菜Passage 5 印度青年用塑料制作运动鞋Passage 6 新版《牛津英语词典》关注气候变化Passage 1主题语境——人与自然——太空垃圾应该如何清理？China deployed a satellite to carry out technological tests for space junk 1.______ (manage). The spacecraft aims to demonstrate technologies to alleviate space debris.Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s, humans 2. ______ (launch) thousands of rockets and sent even more satellites into orbit. Many are still there, and we are now facing 3. ______ ever-increasing risk of space junk.More than 27,000 pieces of, or “space junk”, are tracked in space. Much more debris is too small to be tracked 4. ______ large enough to threaten human spaceflight and robotic missions. Since a piece of debris can move 5. ______ (fast) than a speeding bullet, collisions with these tiny pieces often leave pits in many satellites, telescopes and other objects orbiting our planet.In 2006, for example, a tiny piece of space junk collided with the International Space Station, 6. ______ (take) a chip out of the heavily reinforced window.Space junk is a huge threat to space missions that involve human life. This is particularly important since careful consideration needs to be made about the orbital path of space junk before spacewalk exercises 7. ______ (conduct).In 2018, the UK’s Surrey Space Center used a net to catch space junk in an experiment. It was the first 8. ______ (success) demonstration of space cleanup technology.Another solution is to use robotic arms. ClearSpace 1, the European Space Agency’s mission 9. ______ (remove) space junk from orbit, is expected to launch in 2025, which will adopt robotic arms to catch the debris. The mission plans to locate, capture and throw debris into the atmosphere, 10. ______ it will burn up in the intense pressure and friction of reentry into the Earth’s atmosphere.【参考答案】1. management2. have launched3.an4. but5. faster6. taking7. are conducted8. successful9. to remove 10. wherePassage 2主题语境——人与自然——保护生物多样性，中国“Z世代”在行动In their spare time, most young people like to enjoy 1. ______ (they) and play on theirsmartphones. But Li Ruxue is different. He often walks around a forest and isolates himself from the outside world. “Though the lifestyle is a little bit tiring, it’s 2. ______ (meaning),” he often said.In college, Li actively took part in field research. After 3. ______ (graduate), he joined a gibbon protection organization, 4. ______ one of his major responsibilities was picking up gibbon waste. The gibbon is a top-level state-protected animal whose population is smaller than that of wild giant pandas.So over the past four and a half years, Li 5. ______ (follow) gibbons and collected their waste for researchers. Li said the job relies heavily on luck and perseverance. But he has never regretted his choice or felt alone, as he has found more young people 6. ______ (engage) in nature conservation.Like Li, Chu Wenwen, 27, has also worked to protect animals. As her father is engaged in wildlife research, Chu has long been surrounded by wild animals. S he followed in her father’s footsteps.Listed 7. ______ a first-class State-protected animal in China, the Mengxin beaver is found only along the Ulungur River in Xinjiang’s Altay prefecture. To protect them, Chu initiated the “beaver canteen” program, which 8. ______ (eventual) attracted over 1 million internet users to donate snack money.According to Fan Pengfei, ecological protection as an industry can provide only a few jobs, most of 9. ______ are in research institutes and nongovernmental organizations. He has seen more and more young people take part-time jobs as journalists, photographers and so on 10. ______ (raise) awareness of wildlife protection. “Young people are the future of the world and the future of global biodiversity conservation,” said Fan.【参考答案】1. themselves2. Meaningful3. graduation4. Where5. has followed6. engaged7. as8. eventually9. which 10. to raisePassage 3主题语境——人与自然——中国的“诺亚方舟”“If the world 1. ______ (end) one day, these collections will bring hope of a new beginning to life on Earth,” said Li Pei, a staff member at the Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, or GBOWS, in Yunnan province.2. ______ (found)in 2007, GBOWS is a research and preservation facility for rare and endangered plants and animals. It is3. ______ (large) in Asia in terms of species.4. ______ number of seed accessions is close to that of the world’s biggest seed bank – theMillennium Seed Bank in the United Kingdom.With two in five plant species at risk of extinction, she said it is a race 5. ______ time to protect the nation’s incredible plant life.So how does the bank work? Scientists collect endangered and useful wild species and send them to the seed bank. For future study, 6. ______ (collect) have to record details of the plant, including 7. ______ it was found, its size and the number of individual plants in the habitat.Once the seeds arrive at GBOWS, they’re dried, preserved in a room and cleaned. After that, X-rays confirm 8. ______ the seeds are undamaged and no insects are hidden inside. The seeds are then frozen, stored in glass bottles and placed in huge freezers at -20 C for long-term storage. Each container has a barcode that can be scanned to enable scientists 9. ______ (view) information about the seeds inside.The bank in Yunnan works with international partners on collecting backup specimens, exchanges and research. It holds 2,176 sets of seeds from 45 countries and regions, with each set 10. ______ (contain) thousands of individual seeds.【参考答案】1. ends2. Founded3. the largest4. The5. against6. collectors7. where8. that9. to view 10. containingPassage 4主题语境——人与自然——太空种菜“Best space tacos yet,” American astronaut Megan wrote on social media Twitter, with a photo of her smiling from ear to ear. The taco feast celebrated the first time peppers were 1. ______ (successful) grown on the International Space Station.Life as an astronaut is 2. ______ (excite), but that doesn’t include food. Astronau ts have endured packaged food for decades. “If you store packaged food for long, the quality, flavor and nutritional quality decrease, the vitamins lessen,” experts said.“3. ______ (grow) colorful vegetables in space can have long-term benefits for physical and psychological health,” said Matt, project scientist at NASA, in 4. ______ statement. The benefits of growing vegetables in space are obvious, but how are they grown?Though astronauts have been growing plants in space for decades, planting edible food without the benefits of gravity and 5. ______ (nature) light has been difficult. A plant growth system called Veggie has been used to grow plants on the space station since 2014. The Veggie garden is about the size of a piece of luggage and typically 6. ______ (hold) six plants. Each plant grows in a “pillow” 7. ______ (fill) with clay and fertilizer. The “pillows” are important for distributing water, nutrients and air in a healthy balance around the roots.8. ______ the absence of gravity, plants use other environmental factors, such as light, to guide growth. LEDs above the plants produce a light suited for the plants’ growth. Veggie typically glows pink, 9. ______ enables plants to use both blue and red wavelengths more efficiently. Other spectrums of light, like greens, yellows or oranges, are less useful for plants.So far, US astronauts 10. ______ (grow) 10 different crops, including lettuce and radish.【参考答案】1. successfully2. exciting3. Growing4. a5. natural6. holds7. filled8. In9. which 10. have grownPassage 5主题语境——人与自然——印度青年用塑料制作运动鞋Fashion designers are always looking for new materials to work with. Lately, it’s all about sustainable materials –1. ______ (recycle) tires, mushrooms, even pineapple fibers! What if you want a sustainable pair of shoes? Thaely is here to help.This sneaker brand out of Dubai wants to fight the growing problem of plastic pollution. 2. ______ (lead) by 23-year-old Indian businessman Ashay Bhave, they may have found a winning strateg y: making shoes out of plastic grocery bags. “Thaely” means “plastic bag” in the Hindi language.“I was looking to create footwear that is cost-effective and safe for the environment,” Bhave said in an interview. “I needed to come up with something 3. ______ uses recycled plastic without 4. ______ (create) any more plastic waste.”Plastic bags were the perfect solution. Bhave’s home country, India, 5. ______ (ban) single-use plastics. However, in an interview with Elle magazine, Bhave said it’s poorly enforced. He said five trillion plastic bags are used around the world each year. “I was motivated to find a solution 6. ______ this problem,” Bhave said.That solution was the fabric called ThaelyTex. Made 7. ______ (entire) from plastic bags, the material looks and feels like leather, Bhave claimed. That sounds promising. Better yet, the production process requires no 8. ______ (addition) chemicals and releases no poisonous by-products. The end result is a smart-looking pair of white low-top sneakers.Where do they get so much material? Finally, they got help from TrioTap Technologies, a waste management plant. Bhave said they offered 9. ______ (collect) the bags and also to process them into ThaelyTex.So far, it seems like things are falling into place. There are already hundreds of pre-orders in place. It 10. ______ (sound) s like they have some plans for the future.【参考答案】1. recycled2. Led3. that4. creating5. banned6. to7. entirely8. additional9. to collect 10. soundPassage 6主题语境——人与自然——新版《牛津英语词典》关注气候变化Climate change really does change everything, including language. In October, Oxford English Dictionary (OED) released 1. ____ update on its language on climate change and environmental sustainability.Some new words 2. ______ (include) in the dictionary. T he OED doesn’t include chemical formulas, but it has made an 3. ______( importance) exception for CO2 because it has become, in its w ords, “so ingrained” in our everyday language.“Global heating” is also a new entry. Although people got used to using global warming, OED said that global heating is being used 4. ______ (often). That’s because while global warming suggests a kind of comfort, global heating 5. ______ (convey) “the seriousness of climate change caused by human activity and the urgent need to address it”.Apart from 6. ______( add) these new words, some old words about climate have been given new meanings. The phrase “climate refugee” is an example. In the 19th century, when people spoke of climate refugees, they would be describing those 7. ______ had moved to a place where the climate is healthier.But now, as climate changes and weather events appear 8. ______ (frequent), the phrase refers to the people who are forced to move in response to extreme weather or rising sea levels.Trish Stewart, OED science 9. ______ (edit), said the update reflects the very real sense of urgency of climate change now.10 ______ happens next depends on so many factors but, one thing we can be sure of is that our language will continue to evolve and to tell the story.【参考答案】1. an2. have been included3. important4. more often5. conveys6. adding7. who8. frequently9. editor 10. WhatPassage 7主题语境——人与社会——冬奥黑科技：穿戴技术全面应用From smartwatches that can show and send messages to smart glasses that can 1. _______ (wear) while swimming, wearable devices are playing an important part in making daily life 2. _______ (easy). This technology made its way to the Beijing Winter Games. Let's take a look at some examples.●Wearable thermometric patchesIn light of the recent pandemic, a 3. _______ (health) body is one of the priorities for everyone. 4. _______ (manage) the health status of athletes and audience members for the Beijing Winter Games, a wearable thermometer will be used. The thermometer is 5. _______ the shape of a bandage. It's about 6 centimeters long and 4cm wide. The device features a sensor to detect and record people's temperature. When people wear this “bandage” on their upper arms, their temperatures can be monitored 6. _______ (constant). People can see the data using an app on their phones.●Uniforms and equipmentFor most people, we wear clothes to keep warm or look good. But that's not enough for athletes. Their uniforms and equipment must be functional and not hinder the athlete's high-level performance. To meet these 7. _______ (require), cutting-edge technology has been used.For example, the uniforms use grapheme, a new type of material, which can help absorb athletes' body heat and keep 8. _______ warm for longer. Also, the material is quick-drying, 9. _______ (help) athletes get rid of sweat. The collar of the uniform also features a vent and adjustable buckles to make the clothes breathable.Their shoes use the BOA lacing system, 10. _______ features a button on their shoes. Press it and the shoes fit tighter. This is especially helpful for gloved hands in outdoor settings.【参考答案】1. be worn2. easier3. healthy4. To manage5. in6. constantly7. requirements8. them9. helping 10. which高考质量提升是一项系统工程，涉及到多个方面、各个维度，关键是要抓住重点、以点带面、全面突破，收到事半功倍的效果。
高考英语外刊时文精读专题04极端天气不再罕见
高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (4)Floods and fires洪水和火灾Extreme no more极端天气不再罕见主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：自然灾害与防范【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇,认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇,需熟记。
）The Wilsons river broke its banks on the night of February 27th while Lismore, a town of around 30,000 in New South Wales, was sleeping. Its residents snoozed（打盹儿） through early-hours emergency warnings that “risk to life was imminent（迫在眉睫）”. Within hours the town was submerged（淹没的）. Residents scrambled into their attics（阁楼）. Mothers carried children onto rooftops. An army of locals launched tin boats into the floods to save them. Four people died.Eastern Australia has been hammered by what politicians call “once-in-1,000-year” flooding. It has already had a soggy（浸水的）summer because of La Niña, a phenomenon which triggers downpours there. Then on February 23rd, meteorologists warned that an area of low pressure was forming over southern Queensland. It sucked moisture （水分）from the sea, forming an “atmospheric river（大气层河流）” over the east coast. It has dumped quantities of water ever since.Brisbane, Queensland’s capital, received almost 80% of its annual rainfall in less than a week in February, flooding 15,000 homes. As the rain edged i nto northern New South Wales, it ripped up roads and drowned herds of cattle. Storms lashed Sydney on March 8th, causing a dam t o spill over. Some 50,000 people in the state have been forced to evacuate（撤离）.Scientists are wary（小心的）of blaming floods on global warming because everything from rainfall to urban development contributes to them. They disagree, too, about whether climate change is a factor in this kind of never-ending downpour（倾盆大雨）. No matter the cause, extreme weather is now a regular occurrence in Australia. New South Wales was buffeted（重创） by its last “once-in-100-year”floods, which submerged Western Sydney, just a year ago. In 2019 and 2020 vast lands of the country were torched in bushfireswhich destroyed more than 3,000 homes and killed 33 people. Unlucky towns such as Lismore have in recent years been hit by both fire and floods.It does not help that the state and federal governments’response has been bungled(失败). When disaster strikes, official aid is often slow to come. In 2019 the federal government set aside almost A$4bn ($2.9bn) for a fund that would help it respond to crises(危险)and lessen future ones. But it has spent hardly any of that money. It has now deployed(部署) the army and is dishing out cash to victims, but locals fume（愤怒地说）that they were left for days without power or fuel as supplies of food and water dwindled（减少）.A university is putting up the homeless. “Isn’t somebody meant to write a plan for this?”wonders Ella Buckland, a resident of Lismore.A debate now rages about how or even whether places like Lismore should rebuild. Analysts think the floods might trigger insurance claims worth more than A$3bn.Some politicians would like the government to pay companies to insure houses that will inevitably be struck by future fires or floods. “If we are going to start thinking every time there’s a natural disaster that we have to give up and leave because it’s too hard, then where are we going to live?” asks Lismore’s mayor, Steve Krieg. That is becoming a question for ever more Australians.【课标词汇】1.emergency紧急情况；不测事件；突发事件How would disabled people escape in an emergency?如果发生紧急情况,伤残人士如何逃离？Is the emergency exit suitable for wheelchairs?安全出口适合轮椅通行吗？2.scramble（急速而艰难地）移动；爬；攀登She scrambled up the steep hillside and over the rocks.她爬上了陡峭的山坡,翻过岩石。
2020年高考英语全国卷语法填空答案详解及考点分布规律总结
2020年高考英语全国卷语法填空答案详解及考点分布规律总结一.语法填空试题及答案详解(一) 2020年高考英语全国卷I语法填空及答案详解（全国卷I适用地区：安徽、湖北、福建、湖南、山西、河北、江西、广东、河南）请看试题：第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61 (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is 62 (extreme) challenging. Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot 63 it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)，more so 65 the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 _ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.请看译文：中国已经成为第一个登上月球背面的国家。
高考语法填空名校好题热点时事100篇：专题 10 人与自然(天气与气候、自然) (原卷版)
专题10 天气与气候（自然环境）——英语语法填空，名校好题热点时事100篇（原卷版)1.【河北省衡水中学2022-2023学年度高二年级上学期期末考试英语试题】阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或使用括号中单词的正确形式。
Against a backdrop of misty green forests and with its buildings on silts (桩) above the River Tuo, Fenghuang is a picturesque place to spend a day or two. Its winding alleys, lined with traditional shops and temples, lead____1____ narrow wooden bridge and stepping-stones that cross the river.Ai though the town can get ____2____ (extreme) busy with continual tour groups, it has managed ____3____ (preserve) much of its traditional architecture. Wandering off the main streets ____4____ (allow) you to get a sense of ____5____ it would have been like before the tourists began to vast and taste the local delicacies including bamboo rat, frog and snake.Fenghuang itself does have a section of rebuilt Ming city walls ____6____ (run) alon g its river bank, but it’s the Miaojiang Great Wall ____7____ is the main draw here. Built in 1554, during the Ming dynasty’s defence against the Miao, the wall ____8____ (destroy) partly by Miao ethnic group and then rebuilt under the ding rulers, who als o sought to strength eh their power through the control of China’s southern minorities. Nowadays only a section is ____9____ (access), but it’s still an impressive sight, ____10____ (offer) great views of the surrounding countryside.2.【吉林省长春市第二实验中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读专题14气候变化与珊瑚礁
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (14)Climate change and coral reefs气候变化与珊瑚礁主题语境：人与自然 主题语境内容：自然生态【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）Human beings have been altering habitats—sometimes deliberately andsometimes accidentally—at least since the end of the last Ice Age.Now, though,that change is happening on a grand scale. Global warming is a growing factor.Fortunately,the human wisdom that is destroying nature can also be brought to bear on trying to save it.Some interventions to save ecosystems are hard to imagine andsucceed. Consider a project to reintroducesomething similar to a mammoth(猛犸象) to Siberiaby gene-editing Asian elephants. Their feeding habits could restore the grassland habitat that was around before mammoths died out, increasing the sunlight reflected into space and helping keep carbon compounds (碳化合物) trapped in the soil. But other projects have a bigger chance of making an impact quickly. As we report, one example involves coral reefs.These are the rainforests of the ocean. They exist on vast scales: half a trillion corals line the Pacific from Indonesia to French Polynesia, roughly the same as the number of trees that fill the Amazon.They are equally important harbor of biodiversity. Rainforests cover 18%of the land’s surface and offer a home to more than half its vertebrate(脊椎动物的) species. Reefs occupy 0.1%of the oceans and host a quarter of marine(海洋的) species.And corals are useful to people, too. Without the protection which reefs afford from crashing waves, low-lying islands such as the Maldives would have flooded long ago, and a billion people would lose food or income. One team of economists has estimated that coral’s global ecosystem services are worth up to $10trn a year. reefs are, however, under threat from rising sea temperatures. Heat causes the algae（海藻） with which corals co-exist, and on which they depend for food and colour,to generate toxins（毒素）that lead to those algae’s expulsion（排出）.This is known as“bleaching（白化）”, and can cause a coral’s death.As temperatures continue to rise, research groups around the world are coming up with plansof action. Their ideas include identifying naturally heat-resistant（耐热的）corals and moving themaround the world; crossbreeding（杂交）such corals to create strains that are yet-moreheat-resistant; employing genetic editing to add heat resistance artificially; transplantingheat-resistant symbiotic （共生的）algae; and even repairing with the bacteria and other micro-organismswith which corals co-exist—to see if that will help.The assisted evolution of corals does not meet with universal enthusiasm.Without carbon reduction and decline in coral-killing pollution, even resistant corals will not survive the century. Some doubt whetherhumans will get its act together in time to make much difference. Few of these techniques are ready for action in the wild. Some, such as gene editing, are so controversia l that it is doubtful they will be approved any time soon. scale is also an issue.But there are grounds for optimism.Carbon targets are being set and ocean pollution is being dealt with.Countries that share responsibilities for reefs are starting to act together. Scientific methods can also be found. Natural currents can be used to facilitate mass breeding. Sites of the greatest ecological and economical importance can be identified to maximise benefits.This mix of natural activity and human intervention could serve as a blueprint（蓝图） for other ecosystems. Those who think that all habitats should be kept original may not approve.But when entire ecosystems are facing destruction, the cost of doing nothing is too great to bear. For coral reefs, at least, if any are to survive at all, it will be those that humans have re-engineered to handle the future.【课标词汇精讲】1.alter （通常指轻微地）改动，修改；改变，（使）变化We've had to alter some of our plans.我们不得不对一些计划作出改动。
高考英语外刊时文精读精练：专题 26 AI 绘画崛起,艺术家会失业吗？
高考英语外刊时文精读精练(26)A.I.-Generated Art Is Already Transforming Creative WorkAI生成艺术已改变创意工作主题语境：人与社会主题语境内容：科技、艺术【外刊出处】The New York Times《纽约时报》【外刊导读】近日，一幅由AI创作的画作战胜了人类画家，夺得美国权威艺术比赛的一等奖。
这幅画作完全由AI绘图软件根据文字指令生成。
这意味着，即使完全不会画画，只要输入几个单词，AI就能生成一幅美轮美奂的画作。
【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）For years, the conventional wisdom among Silicon Valley futurists was that artificial intelligence and automation（自动化）spelled doom（毁灭）for blue-collar workers whose jobs involved repetitive manual labor（体力劳动）. Truck drivers, retail cashiers and warehouse workers would all lose their jobs to robots, they said, while workers in creative fields like art, entertainment and media would be safe.Well, an unexpected thing happened recently: A.I. entered the creative class.In the past few months, A.I.-based image generators like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made it possible for anyone to create unique, hyper-realistic images just by typing a few words into a text box. These apps, though new, are alre ady surprisingly popular.It's still too early to tell whether this new wave of apps will end up costing artists and illustrators their jobs. What seems clear, though, is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries.Sarah Drummond, a service designer in London, started using A.I.-generated images a few months ago to replace the black-and-white sketches she did for her job. These were usually basic drawings that visually represented processes she was trying to design improvements for, like a group of customers lining up at a store’s cash register.Instead of spending hours creating what she called “blob drawings”by hand, Ms. Drummond, 36, now types what she wants into DALL-E 2 or Midjourney.Ms.Drummond acknowledged that A.I. image generators had limitations. They aren’t good at more complex sketches, for example, or creating multiple images with the same character. And like the other creative professionals, she said she didn’t think A.I. designers would replace human illustrators outright.“Would I use it for final output? No. I would hire someone to fully make what we wanted to realize,” she said. “But the throwaway work that you do when you’re any kind of designer, whether it’s visual, architectural, urban planner —you’re sketching, sketching, sketching. And so this is a sketch tool.”【链接高考】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
高考英语外刊时文精读专题03看到空中的碳足迹
高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (3)Carbon emissions碳排放Seeing footprints in the air看到空中的碳足迹主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：环境保护【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇,认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇,需熟记。
）Chris Jones of the University of California, Berkeley, was on a river in the Amazon rainforest when he put the fin ishing touches on the world’s first online household carbon calculator(计算器). That was in 2005. He hoped that, if he could show people how much greenhouse gas was associated with daily activities—driving the car, heating the house—they might change their behaviour and contribute in some small measure to saving the Amazon. Seventeen years later, trackers are providing a wealth of often-neglect ed information about the carbon emissions of everyday life. They provide local and micro data which usefully supplement the global findings of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Trackers work by asking users to answer questions such as: how many miles a year do you drive; how much is your annual household electricity bill; how often do you eat meat? They then calculate a personal or household estimate of emissions of carbon-dioxide equivalent (CO2e,二氧化碳当量排放量) per year. Alex Beale, a climate blogger in Atlanta who has studied them, reckons there are dozens of household carbon trackers and hundreds of specialist ones, including those which calculate emissions from food or other industries, such as a new one from the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) to track emissions from shipping. For individuals, reckons Mr Beale, the most comprehensive are the Cool Climate tracker run by Dr Jones at Berkeley and the calculator set up by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) and SEI. What do they tell us?Dr Jones describes the main household polluting activities as “cars, coal, cows and consumption,roughly in that order”. By f ar the largest single source of emissions is the family vehicle. One car of average fuel efficiency driven 14,000 miles (22,500km) spews out 7 tonnes of carbon, according to Dr Jones’s tracker. Swapping it for an electric vehicle would save over 6 tonnes, or an eighth of the average American household’s yearly emissions.No other change would generate that much saving, though electricity in the home is responsible for over 5 tonnes of carbon emissions a year, so generating itwith solar panels（太阳能电池板） would come close . Like electric vehicles, a roof full of solar panels is not cheap. Changing diets costs less, and American households consume meat worth 2.7 tonnes of CO2e a year, far more than most people. If Americans went vegetarian（素食者）, that would be like half an average solar roof.These household averages, however,disguise what may be the most important thing carbon trackers reveal: that apparently similar households produce very different emissions. By combining their tracker’s results with postal（邮政的）code data, the University of California team worked out average emissions by area. Places with high emissions—mostly suburbs（郊区）—produce four or five times as much carbon as inner cities or rural areas, a much larger multiple than might have been expecte d. Chicago’s households produce37 tonnes of CO2e a year; suburban Eola’s, some35 miles (56km) from the Windy City, emit96 tonnes. This is not only because of commuting（通勤）. Trips to and from work account for less than a fifth of miles driven; the rest are to shops, schools and so on.Even more striking is the difference air travel makes. The average household contribution from flying is 1.5 tonnes, less than a car. But half of Americans never fly. According to Cool Climate, flying 100,000 miles a yearproduces a stunning（惊人的）43 extra tonnes of CO2. If jet-set households were to cut their travel sharply, they would have a disproportionate（不成比例的）effect on emissions. They might even do something for the Amazon.Over the next 30 years, many countries are promising to move to net-zero carbon, imply ing that household emissions will have to be cut to close to nothing. Stephanie Roe, WWF’s lead climate scientist, reckons that, at best, half the reduction might be achieved through demand-side measures, such as behavioural changes by individuals and households. And even that would require companies and governments to provide more incentives（激励）to change through supply-side investments to make low-carbon options cheaper and more widely available.Trackers, it seems, have daunting（令人怯步的）lessons for public bodies and private households alike.【课标词汇】1.associate将…（与…）联系起来,把…联系在一起Most people associate this brand with good quality.大多数人把这个品牌和优良品质联系在一起。
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读专题01生物多样性保护(含答案)
2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练(1)Biodiversityconservation conversation生物多样性保护对话主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：人与环境，人与动植物【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）the tone for COP15, the largest UN biodiversity gathering in a decade. The conference, taking place in two parts, is being hosted by China for the firstpostponed（推迟）. The host city is the capital of Yunnan, a south-western provincefrom steamy jungle to mountain glaciers.limiting emissions (排放). The theme for Kunming is its homegrown ideaThe term was written into China’s constitution (宪法)in 2018, suggesting how central it now is in guiding development. The Kunming declaration is filled with other favourite greening concepts of Beijing, including the “two-mountains theory”. This states that “green mountains are gold mountains”: that is, thefive decades to 2000 over half of the country’s mangroves (红树林)disappeared. Some 90% of grasslands are at varying stages of degradation（退化）ordesertification（荒漠化）, and almost half of wild-animal populations are inYet, despite the damage of urbanization（城市化）, China has much left to protect. It is home to 10% of the world’s plant species,14% of animal ones and 20% of fish. At the second meeting, representatives will set goals for 2030 to preserve global plant and animal life. In October China's Presidentparks, covering 230,000 sq km, home to over a quarter of China’s terrestrial(陆生的)wildlife species.country to carbon neutrality（碳中和）by 2060. Then in September he announcedremains the largest consumer of coal and emitter of carbon dioxide.Greenpeace called the Kunming declaration “a toothless tiger”.Keeping citizens happy is becoming a powerful incentive（动机）for China. They are complaining about more than polluted water and poisonous air. Thedestroying habitats and trading wildlife. In【课标词汇】1.approval 赞成；同意；称许•He showed his approval by smiling broadly.他持赞成的态度，这从他开心的微笑就看得出来。
【精读精析】2020年高考英语时事热点外刊新闻做阅读理解+长难句分析：珠穆朗玛峰
时间孕育了自然，也改变着自然，而同样在时间的见证下，人类探索自然的精神则成为了永恒。
高山大海，荒漠冰原，一步天堂，一步地狱，无数探险者们为了领略自然的魅力前赴后继，在生命的刻度上留下了浓重一笔。
我们今天来看一篇阅读理解，感受一下珠峰的风采。
阅读短文并回答问题（记叙文，487 words，摘自The Washington Post）It was the final climb on his quest to reach the highest summit on all seven continents. When Christopher Kulish finally reached Mount Everest’s 29,035-foot peak, he joined an elite group known as the “Seven Summits Club”. But the 62-year-old Colorado attorney died suddenly Monday after returning to the first camp below the mountain’s summit. He’s the second American to die in the past week after reaching Everest’s highest point. His family believes the cause was a heart attack, according to the Denver Post. “He saw his last sunrise from the highest peak on Earth,” his brother, Mark Kulis h, said in a statement to the Denver Post. “We are heartbroken at this news.”Last week, 55-year-old Donald Lynn Cash of Utah collapsed and died just after reaching the Everest peak. He too had reached the highest point on all seven continents. Including Christopher and Cash, at least 11 people have died on Mount Everest this year.The deaths come among reports of overcrowding on the popular mountain. The Nepali government granted a total of 381 permits to climb Everest this year, a number that doesn’t include guides who are on the mountain as well. For some climbers, that traffic has meant longer wait times —some told the Himalayan Times the wait has exceeded two hours between the last camp and the peak. Mountaineer Vanessa O’Brien, who has also climbed th e seven summits, said when there’s a crowd, being a more experienced climber won’t help you. “It doesn’t matter if you’re the best racecar driver in the world. If you’re stuck in traffic, you’re stuck in traffic,” she said in an interview.And when a climb er is stuck in that traffic, “their body is starting to deteriorate.” O’Brien, who set a record as the fastest woman to reach the highest peak on every continent, also said the descent is often harder than the climb.Climbing expert Alan Arnette said there’s no simple explanation for the string of deaths. He said weather that has led to a shorter climbing season is one factor causing overcrowding. He also said the cost to climb Mount Everest has decreased, which means more people are making the journey. He urged the governments in charge of granting permits to limit how many people can be on the mountain at once.Still, Christopher was no beginner. His family said he’d been mountain climbing for five decades. He arrived at the base camp nearly two months before his climb so he could give himself time to adapt to the conditions. When he made his journey, his family said he was climbing with a small group in almost ideal conditions after some of the overcrowding had cleared.His brother described being a lawyer as a “day job” for Christopher. Climbing was his passion. “He was an inveterate climber of peaks in Colorado, the West and the world over,” Mark Kulish said. “He passed away doing what he loved.”1. What do we know about Christopher?A. He has reached the highest point on all seven continents.B. He joined the “Seven Summits Club” at the base camp.C. 11 people following him died after reaching the Everest peak this year.D. He died from a heart attack below the mountain’s summit.2. What made longer wait times on Mount Everest?A. Lacking guides.B. Overcrowding.C. Bad weather.D. Getting government’s permission.3. What might cause the string of deaths according to Alan Arnette?a. The less cost attracting more climbers.b. The more climbers worsening the environment.c. More permits granted by the government.d. The governments limiting the climber’s number.e. The weather leading to a shorter climbing season.A. a, b, dB. a, c, eC. b, c, dD. b, d, e4. Why did Christopher arrive at the base camp so early before climbing?A. To wait for his friends.B. To learn about the mountain.C. To clear the traffic jam.D. To adapt to conditions earlier.5. What does the underlined word “inveterate” in the las t paragraph probably mean?A. Experienced.B. Famous.C. Excellent.D. Addictive.参考答案1~5 ABBDD生词与长难句1. summit n. 最高点；顶点；山顶；（政府间的）首脑会议；峰会This path leads to the summit. 这条路通往山顶。
备战2020年高考英语外刊精读电子垃圾处理的新方法(3页)
备战2020年高考英语外刊精读电子垃圾处理的新方法Solving the problem of e-waste电子垃圾处理的新方法语篇导读破坏人类地球环境的问题之一是我们扔掉的东西太多了。
各种垃圾堆积在垃圾填埋场里；塑料垃圾污染了我们的海洋与河流。
近些年来，在我们扔掉的东西清单上又增加了一项——坏了、无法回收的电子产品。
本文介绍一些用来处理电子垃圾问题的新方法。
Step 1 Vocabulary: 词汇表waste 词汇：垃圾throw away 丢弃，扔掉rubbish 垃圾landfill 垃圾填埋场pollute 污染e-waste 电子垃圾（废弃的电器和电子产品）recycled 回收再利用的discarded 被扔掉repair 修理waste stream 废物流junk 破烂，废弃的东西extend the life 延长（使用）寿命get rid 丢弃fault 故障extract 提取recycling 回收利用stagnating 停滞不前的legislation 立法dumped 被乱扔掉spare parts 备用配件longer-lasting 更耐用的Step 2 Reading and understanding.One of the problems damaging our planet is the number of things we throw away.Rubbish of all kinds is piling up in landfill and polluting our rivers and oceans. A more recent addition to the list of things we chuck away is e-waste– electronic items that are broken and not recycled. Now solutions are being found to give this stuff a new life.Many millions of tonnes of televisions, phones, and other electronic equipment are discarded each year, partly because it’s cheaper to replace them than fix them, but also because we lack the skills to repair them. A UN report claims the 50 million tonnes of e-waste generated every year will more than double to 110 million tonnes by 2050, making it the fastest growing waste stream in the world. However, there’s a growing trend for repair events and clubs which could be part of a solution to the growing amount of electrical and electronic junk. The BBC visited a Restart Project in London, which is one of many found around the world. One of its volunteers, Francesco Calo, said that "this project allows you to reduce waste,extend the life of objects, and it helps people who cannot afford to get rid of items that have developed a fault."As many electrical items contain valuable metals, another idea is e-waste mining. An experiment at the University of New South Wales involves extracting these materials from electronic gadgets. It’s thought that doing this could be more profitable than traditional mining. With phones typically containing as many as 60 elements, this could be part of the solution to our appetite for new technology.These projects make total sense - collections of e-waste for recycling are “stagnatingor even decreasing” according to Ruediger Kuehr, of the United Nations University. And in countries where there is no legislation, much of it just gets dumped.However, the European Union, for example, is trying to tackle the problem by insisting manufacturers have to make appliances longer-lasting and will have to supply spare parts for machines for up to 10 years.Step 3 测验与练习Task 1 阅读课文并回答问题。
专题 20 全球粮食危机--高考英语外刊时文精读精练
高考英语外刊时文精读精练(20)Global food crisis 全球粮食危机主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：人类生存，社会发展与环境的关系距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。
）Governments should stop the use of biofuels (生物燃料) and lift bans on genetic modification (转基因)of crops, a green campaigning group has urged, in the face of a growing global food crisis that threatens the developing nations.The EU, the US and the UK are among countries that use biofuels compulsorily, usually mixed with petrol fuel, for road vehicles.But much of the biofuel used comes from food crops , including wheat, maize and so on. TheWorld Food Programme has warned that the rising prices of these food, which have been driven by a combination of the Covid pandemic, climate breakdown and the war in Ukraine, is generating a food crisis around the world.In the UK, the renewable transport Fuel Obligation requires about 10% of the fuels supplied by fossil fuel companies to be “sustainable”, which in effect means biofuels. However, the amount that can come from food crops is at 4% at most, and will be reduced further to 2% in 2032.A UK government spokesperson said: “biofuels, and other renewable fuels, will continue play an important part in helping to decarbonise transport and meet our climate goals. However, to help address the global food price crisis, we continue to promote waste-derived biofuels and are reducing the percentage of crop based biofuels that count towards supplier targets.”RePlanet says that although the original reason for biofuels was as a lower carbon alternative to fossil fuels, in fact, owing to the impact on food, the fertiliser and energy used to produce the grains and oils and the land converted to agriculture to produce biofuels, there is little carbon saving over fossil fuels.RePlanet also argues that rich countries should eat less meat to free up grain , and that prohibitions on the genetic modification of crops should be lifted to achieve higher yields .In another recommendation likely to be controversial, the report suggests that the EU’s organic targets should also be deserted in favour of conventional and intensive farming techniques for higher productivity. Karolina LisslöGylfe , the secretary general of RePlanet, said: “If Europe doesn’t look at finding evidence-based solutions, the outcome w ill be worse for the world’s poor, for the climate and for nature conservation. ”【课标词汇精讲】1.lift取消，撤销（规定或法律）The restrictions on water usage have been lifted now that the river levels are normal.河水的水位已经恢复正常，因此用水限制被取消了。
2020年高考英语外刊时事命题阅读理解：荷兰男子制造“海洋吸尘器”清理海洋塑料垃圾
The Dutch boy mopping up a sea of plastic荷兰男子制造“海洋吸尘器”清理海洋塑料垃圾“When I was 16 years old, I was scuba diving (水肺潜水) in Greece, but I was disappointed because I saw more plastic bags than fish.” These are the words of Boyan Slat, 25, an engineer who designed the world’s first ocean plastic cleanup system.Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans, according to the UN Environment Programme. Every day, plastic items, fishing equipment, and ship parts are dumped (倾倒) into the seas. These can take up to 500 years to decompose (分解) .If left alone, sea animals become entangled (缠绕的) in them and can even die if the plastics are ingested (摄入). Worse, humans can be affected when these plastics break down. “Smaller pieces enter the food chain, and that’s a food chain that includes us humans,” Slat said.In 2018, the World Economic Forum predicted that the weight of ocean plastics will match the weight of all the fish in our oceans by 2050. To prevent this grim (令人沮丧的) reality, Slat created The Ocean Cleanup, an environmental NGO, in 2013 and put his plan for an ocean plastic cleanup device (设备) into action.After years of research and development in the Netherlands, a device called System 001/B successfully started gathering plastic on Oct 2, 2019.The device uses a 600-meter-long “C” shaped tube to gather all the floating debris (垃圾). Unlike other cleanup methods, the system floats freely according to the direction of the waves, which allows waste to flow into and stay within the device.A sea anchor (锚) is attached to either end. This slows down the system as it floats through the water and allows the faster-moving rubbish, carried by the waves, to flow into its mouth. System 001/B can also collect waste below the surface using a 3-meter-deep skirt (挡板) attached to the end. After being gathered, the trash will be dragged back to shore by boat and recycled.In a news conference, Slat said, “In a few years we will have the full-scale fleet (舰队) out there.”Currently, the system operates in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, an area that is three times the size of France. Once operational, the Ocean Cleanup expects a full fleet to be able to clear 50 percent of the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in five years.It remains to be seen if this dream will become a reality, but it is undeniable that humanity must work together to reduce our plastic use and repair the damage our waste has caused.“We are starting to see a young generation that gets that and is excited about a sustainable (可持续的) future, but the question still comes down to: Are we going fast enough, and how much damage will have been done before we get there?” Slat said.（节选自Telegraph）1. What do the first four paragraphs mainly talk about?A. Slat’s scuba diving experiences in Greece.B. Slat’s research on ocean environments.C. How ocean environment relates to humans.D. How Slat got the idea for an environmental NGO.2. What do we know about System 001/B?A. It’s a cleanup device put into use last October.B. It collects and recycles garbage at the same time.C. It can only collect waste that floats in water.D. It aims to clear the Great Pacific Garbage Patch in a decade.3. What does Slat intend to tell us according to the last paragraph?A. He is positive about the future of the ocean.B. It is hard to repair the damage to the environment.C. Humans should work hard to reduce plastic pollution.D. The younger generation lacks environmental awareness.译文：“当我16岁的时候，我在希腊进行水肺潜水，但我感到失望的是，因为我看到的塑料袋比鱼还要多。
2020我讲高考提专题四 语法填空
Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it
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5.than此处考查连词than;根据上下文可知，本句是对the far side if the moon 以及the familiar near side 进行比较，故应用连词than;more so than 意为“比--更 加”，so 替代前文“deep craters”。
6.to find此处考查非谓语动词不定式在动词句型use sth. to do sth.中的运用 （用某物做某事）。
67 (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it)
2022高中英语精选外刊语法填空29
2022高中英语精选外刊语法填空291 Great Barrier Reef at risk: reportTargeting net zero by 2050 wouldn't be enough 1_____(slow) rising ocean temperatures to protect the Great Barrier Reef (GBR), a new report from Australia's Climate Council said.The report, 2____(release) by the climate change communications organization on Monday, said if emissions continue at the current pace, coral bleaching (漂白)could occur every two years by 2034 and 3____(annual) by 2044."Already at around 1.1 degrees of global warming, we see tropical coral reefs 4_____(suffer) an enormous amount of damage," research director at the Climate Council and one of the 5____(author) of the report, Simon Bradshaw, told the Xinhua News Agency."The Great Barrier Reef has had massive bleaching events a number of times now in close succession, with very little time for the reef to recover. If warming rises to over 1.5 degrees, then it may be 6_____(possible) for tropical coral reefs to survive," he said. "It's definitely too late to get to the actions we take now this year through 7_____ 2020s."The report found 2021 was the 8_____(warm) year on record for the world's oceans and the 2,300-kilometer World Heritage site could not survive under those conditions."If the Great Barrier Reef is in this much trouble, it means that coral reefs worldwide are in a lot of trouble," Bradshaw said in a statement.To avoid a climate catastrophe and best protect the Great Barrier Reef, the Climate Council recommends Australia triple its efforts and take bold measures to reduce its national emissions 75 percent by 2030, and reach net zero by 2035.As a first step, the Australian government should match key allies and commit to halving emissions this decade, the report said."It's very clear that the world as a whole needs to halve emissions this decade. And for a wealthy developed country like Australia, we have to be going 9____(far) than that," Bradshawsaid.Surface waters off southeastern Australia are currently warming at nearly four times the global average, leading 10____ changes in the distribution of species, species collapse and a decline in biodiversity.keys:1 to slow2 released3 annually4 suffering5 authors6 impossible7 the8 warmest9 further 10 to2 India bets on satellite broadband to bridge rural digital divideThe day started well for Sayi Gharat. The 9-year-old schoolgirl managed 1_____(connect) easily to her online science class, as she sat on a daybed in her grandmother's home in western India.But Sayi knew she would not be able to stay in the same spot for long due 2____ the shaky mobile internet connection she relied on for her education as classes in Dunge village andacross India moved online when COVID-19 3_____(strike) in March 2020."Sometimes the network is good, sometimes it's not good: She has to move from one room to another, from one corner to another, and even go outside," Sayi's grandmother, Chandrakamalkar Gharat, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.Two years on, Sayi is back at school, but 4____(stay) online all day remains a challenge for her and tens of millions of others with poor connectivity in rural India, 5_____ the digital divide hampers education, livelihoods and healthcare access.There are 6_____(current) more than 800 million Internet subscribers in the nation of 1.3 billion people, according to the telecom regulatory authority (TRAI). Yet in rural India, only about 38 percent of the population is connected to the Internet.The government has made universal broadband a 7____(prior) under its Digital India program to improve governance through technology, with projects such as the Bharat Net rural broadband project aimed at connecting about 650,000 villages nationwide.But digital inclusion "continues to remain a distant reality for most parts of rural India," marred by delays in implementation(实施), and a lack of access and digital literacy,according to a report from the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), a policy think tank.That might now change due to recent policy moves 8____(include) easier approvals for satellite broadband network rollouts, and the imminent launch of satellite broadband from India's Bharti Airtel and Jio Platforms, Elon Musk's Starlink, and others."With the saturation of urban markets, there is keen interest among service 9_____(provider) to increase rural subscribership," said Mansi Kedia, a fellow at ICRIER, and a telecoms and internet expert."But rural connectivity should look beyond the dominant (支配的) technology - optical fibre and mobile communications. The use case for satellite broadband is the 10_____(strong) in rural areas - it can help achieve connectivity at much lower costs." keys:1 to connect2 to3 struck4 staying5 where6 currently7 priority8 including 9 providers 10 strongest3 New species reveal Myanmar’s biodiversityAt least 100 new species - from monkeys to mussels(贻贝) - were found in Myanmar(缅甸) in a decade, according to conservationists 1____said discoveries during the country's fleeting period of openness revealed "2____(astonish) biodiversity."Beginning in 2010 with the identification of the Myanmar snub-nosed monkey, a small black primate 3____(know) as the "sneezing monkey," researchers have made 4____ "incredible sequence of discoveries," said International wildlife group Fauna and Flora International (FFI).Over 10 years, during 5_____ Myanmar's generals eased their control on power, scientists from all over the world made a beeline to the country to explore rainforests, delve into cave systems, wade through rivers and pick their way across karst rock formations."Myanmar harbors biological riches that most countries can only dream of. Its remaining tracts of forest are home 6____some of the most spectacular wildlife in mainland Southeast Asia," FFI said in a statement.But the organization raised fears over a "barrage of threats," 7_____(include) from illegal logging, hunting, agriculture, infrastructure development and quarrying(采石).FFI had tallied up the list of 100 new species in early 2021. With field operations already suspended because of the COVID-19 pandemic, FFI's Acting Country Manager Ngwe Lwin said the team was focusing on existing conservation programs with Myanmar partner Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association.He said a decade of openness 8____( afford) researchers a rare chance to travel into remote areas of the country, some of which had 9_____(previous) been heavily restricted and conflict-torn.But that does not mean the discoveries came easily.In 2010, Ngwe Lwin and colleagues traveled to the forests of northern Kachin state near the border with China, looking for a new monkey species.Local people had seen the monkeys and said they were easy to track, particularly in the rain because their upturned noses collect water causing them to sneeze. They told theconservation team to head through the dense forest to a spot near their village."Actually that was about one day's walk," Ngwe Lwin told AFP. "They said it's very easy, but for us, it was really hard."After days of fruitless searching, they were presented with a single dead monkey that local hunters had accidentally captured in an iron trap meant for black bears."Unfortunately, the snub nosed monkey got trapped," Ngwe Lwin said, adding that a conservation area had now been set up there and local people were far less likely to use traps or target the critically endangered creatures.FFI said it was crucial to involve local communities in preservation efforts, adding that many people in the country were dependent on natural resources for 10_____(survive). keys:1 who2 astonishing3 known4 an5 which6 to7 including 8 had afforded 9 previously 10 survival。
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一、考纲单词精练：1. ____________ vt. 抹掉，彻底删除；擦掉（to remove writing from paper; to remove information from a computer memory or recorded sounds from a tape）2. ____________ vt.影响____________ n. 影响，效应3. __________ vt. 威胁，恐吓，扬言要（to say that you will cause someone harm or trouble if they do not do what you want; to be likely to harm or destroy something）4. ____________ adj. 沿海的____________ n. 海岸（the area where the land meets the sea）5.____________ vt. 开发，研发（to design or make a new idea, product, system etc. over a period of time）6. ____________ adj.正确无误的，精确的（correct and true in every detail）7. ____________ n. 抬高；升高（an increase in the amount of level of something）近义表达：____________8. ____________ adj. 乐观的（believe in that good things will happen in the future）反义表达：____________ adj.悲观的；悲观主义的9. ____________ n. 潮水（the regular rising and falling of the level of the sea）10. ____________ n.（拥有某国国籍的）公民（a person who has the legal right to belong to a particular country）11. ____________ n. （人口的）迁移；迁徙（the movement of large numbers of people, birds, or animals from one place to another）12. ____________ vt. 激起，触发；引起（to make something happen very quickly, especiallya series of events）__________ n. 扳机（the part of a gun that you pull with your finger to fire it）13. ____________ vt. 使加剧；使恶化；激怒（to make something worse, especially a disease or problem) 近义表达：____________14. ____________ adj. 航海的，海生的，海的（connect with the sea）15. ____________ n.军团；兵队（两个师以上组成的军）(a large unit of an army consisting of two or more divisions)16. ____________ vt. 推动，促使，使……更进一步（to influence something or cause it to make progress）17. ____________ vt.（使）重新燃烧；再点燃____________vt. 点燃____________ n. 木板；董事会18. ____________ n. 拥护，支持，倡议（the giving of public support to an idea, a course of action or a belief）__________ vt. 拥护，提倡19. ____________ adj.人道主义的（concerned with improving bad-living conditions and preventing unfair treatment of people）二、高频短语精练：1. _______________ 消除贫困2._______________ 三倍多_______________ 三倍______________________________ ……是……的三倍3. _______________ 威胁做……4. _______________ 几乎；差不多（almost/nearly)5. _______________ 研发新药6. _______________ 准确无误的信息_______________ 准确的描述7. _______________... 对……保持乐观8. _______________ 涨潮线（the point or time at which the sea reaches its highest level）_______________/_______________ 涨/退潮9. _______________ 截至2050年，不晚于2050年10. _______________ 季节性迁徙_______________ 大规模迁徙11. ________/_______________ 扣动扳机_______________ 激起连串反应12. _______________ 使……情况雪上加霜13. _______________ 海洋生物_______________ 海洋生物学家14. _______________ 大大地超越_______________ 推动在该地区的投资15. _______________ 武装冲突16. _______________点燃一根蜡烛_______________ 点燃战火17. _______________ ……的成员（高级）；委员会_______________拥护使用枪支18. _______________... 远不止于……19. ______________________________ 人道主义救援三、精彩单句翻译：1. ____________________________________________________________.电脑崩了，所有的记录都没了。
2. ____________________________________________________________.这次事件可能会毁掉他这次竞选的机会。
3. ____________________________________________________________.暗杀激起了一波骚乱。
4. ____________________________________________________________.这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。
5. ____________________________________________________________.新上台的政策只会加剧问题。
四、语法填空：阅读下面一篇短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
Rising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research ShowsRising seas could affect three times more people by 2050 than previously thought, according to new research, threatening to all but erase some of the world’s great coastal cities.The authors of a paper ___1___ (publish) Tuesday developed a more accurate way of calculating land elevation based on satellite readings, and found that the previous numbers werefar too optimistic. The new research shows that some 150 million people are now living on land ___2___ will be below the high-tide line ___3___ midcentury.In Thailand, more than 10 percent of citizens now live on land that is likely to ___4___ (flood) by 2050, compared with just 1 percent according to the ___5___ (early) technique. The political and commercial capital, Bangkok, is ___6___ (particular) imperiled.In other places, the ___7___ (migrate) caused by rising seas could trigger or exacerbate regional conflicts.Further los s of land to rising waters there “___8___ (threat) to drive further social and political instability in the region, which could reignite armed conflict and increase the likelihood of terrorism,” said General Castellaw, who is now on the ___9___ (advise) board of the Center for Climate and Security, a research and advocacy group in Washington.“___10___ this is far more than an environmenta l problem,” he said. “It’s a humanitarian, security and possibly military problem too.”答案：1. published 2. that 3. by 4. be flooded 5. earlier6. particularly7. migration8. threatens9. advisory 10. So。