论欧盟能源政策

摘要

能源作为重要的战略物资直接决定经济命脉的基本走向，近年来随着能源问题、能源安全等问题的凸显，能源问题逐渐成为各国政府以及学者关注的热点，各国在能源政策的制定上也投入大量精力，各国各地区也都在加紧调整和制定各自的能源政策以维护能源安全。

随着全球化以及区域化的不断深入发展，欧盟作为区域合作的典型成为人们关注的焦点，作为能源消耗的一个重要区域，其能源政策也日益为人们所关注。本文试从欧盟能源政策的演变、影响欧盟能源政策演变的因素、现阶段欧盟能源政策的机制与框架、现阶段欧盟能源政策的实践以及今后的发展途径五个方面来考察分析欧盟能源政策的发展，以期深化对欧盟能源政策及欧洲一体化的认识，并可以给我国的能源政策制定带来有益参考与借鉴。

全文共分五个部分。第一章：主要分析欧盟能源政策形成以及实践的艰难演变进程。主要以时间段为界限，分别分析20世纪80年代前的初步发展、20世纪80年代至2000年的形成完善阶段和2000年至今的新战略形成阶段，揭示欧盟能源政策在这几个阶段的状况，并注重体现欧盟能源政策在其发展过程中的一体化趋势。第二章：影响欧盟能源政策演变的因素。主要从环境变化及环境政策、建立内部市场的影响、能源储备及对外政策、可持续发展政策等四个角度进行分析探讨。第三章：主要梳理阐述现阶段欧盟能源政策的机制与框架。从整体宏观上对欧盟现阶段的能源政策有所把握。第四章：分析欧盟能源政策在实践中所取得的成效和存在的问题。存在的问题方面主要从欧盟内部及外部两个大方面进行分析和探讨。第五章：综合以上的论述分析得出促进欧盟能源政策发展的途径，从欧盟内部和外部政策两个角度探索途径。

关键词：欧盟能源政策欧盟能源政策演变可持续发展

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Abstract

As important strategic materials, energy directly determine the basic trend of economic lifeline. In recent years, energy security and other issues has gradually become hot issues of governments and academics concerned about. Countries putting a lot in the formulation of energy policy, various countries and regions are also stepping up adjustment and development in their respective energy policy to safeguard energy security.

With the continually developing in depth of the globalization and regionalization, the European Union as a typical example of regional cooperation, its energy policy also increasingly become the concern for people. This paper from the evolution of the EU energy policy, the impact on the evolution of the EU energy policy, the mechanism and framework of EU energy policy at this stage, the practice and the future development of the EU energy policy to examine the development of Europe energy policy, to deepen the view of EU energy policy and European integration, to give China's energy policy formulation useful information and reference.

The full text is divided into five parts. Chapter 1: Analysis of the formation and practice of major EU energy policy in difficult process of evolution. The initial development before 1980s, the formation of perfect stage during the 1980s to 2000 and the formation of a new strategic phase since the 2000,reveal the few Situation of the EU energy policy in this phase and focus on the integration of EU energy policy in its in the development of the trend. Chapter 2: Impact on the evolution of the EU energy policy factors. Mainly from environmental change and environmental policies, the impact of the establishment of the internal market, energy reserves and foreign policy, sustainable development policies.Chapter3: The main combing the mechanism and framework of the EU energy policy at this stage. From the overall macro level at this stage of the EU energy policy grasp. Chapter 4: Analysis of practicing results achieved and the existing problems of the EU energy policy. Analysis and discus the main problem from the EU internal and external aspects. Chapter 5: Above discussion analysis of the development means of the EU energy policy, from the EU internal and external policy point to explore two ways.

Keywords：EU energy policy; EU energy policy evolution; Sustainable development

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