水利水电工程专业英语教材--迟道才

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水利工程专业大学英语课堂话语的课程思政教学探析

水利工程专业大学英语课堂话语的课程思政教学探析

书名:水利工程专业英语作者:肖毅ISBN:9787114158001出版社:人民交通出版社出版时间:2020-04定价:39元设计、施工及运行等方面英文专业论述,系统梳理了水利工程专业术语的英文释义及科技论文写法,涉及水文与水资源、水利水电工程、港口航道工程以及水利施工管理等相关专业内容。

实施水利工程专业英语课程思政是新时期高校水利专业人才培养的要求,水利工程专业英语教学作为我国基础设施建设人才培养的关键环节,必须要积极转变教学思想,从当前专业英语教学的实际出发,通过选择合适的教材内容,深入挖掘教材当中蕴含的思政元素,让思政内容在潜移默化中影响学生。

课程思政概念的引入能够突出教学目标中的育人价值,将思政元素与英语素质培养结合,能够推动人才培养水平的提高。

选取合适文章内容,明确水利工程专业英语教学的定位。

英语作为西方文化传播的重要载体,对学生的思想能够产生巨大影响,作者在选取文章内容时对此问题进行了关注,没有将英文文章选取工作放在意识形态范畴之外,而是认识到了英语教学对学生思想的影响。

该书作者通过对各类水利工程的专业英文文章进行梳理和论述,将涉及水利工程专业的相关科技文章内容进行了介绍,在课文选取中,作者重点对文章的背后承载着思想文化和价值观念进行了筛选,选取了适合学生阅读的专业内容。

植根于中国国情,突出水利工程专业英语教学的价值。

该书详细介绍了水利工程专业科技论文的写法,涵盖了水利工程各专业的主要内容。

作者在编著过程中,深刻认识到了水利工程专业英语教学对国家、社会的意义和对高素质水利工程专业人才培养的价值,选取内容植根于我国国情,深度挖掘了水利工程专业英语教学的价值,从学生专业能力培养的角度出发,选择了适合学生学情的内容。

课文的覆盖范围广,难度由浅到深,可让学生在学习当中能够快速掌握英语能力,更好地运用英语进行科技论文写作,帮助学生提高英语的理解能力,深化对水利工程专业知识的理解,从而推动课堂教学效果提高,有利于培养出更多具有专业素水利工程专业英语教学活动因为其特殊的语言特点,很多文章内容都是西方的原版,伴随着英美文化的输入和意识形态渗透,学生的思想可受到一定的冲击。

水利水电工程专业英语教材翻译

水利水电工程专业英语教材翻译

P71 2-1混凝土重力坝类型基本上,重力水坝保持其对设计载荷从几何形状和混凝土的质量和强度稳定坚固的混凝土结构。

一般情况下,它们在一条直线轴构成,但也可以稍微弯曲或成角度,以适应特定的现场条件。

重力坝通常由非溢流坝段(S)和溢出部分或溢洪道。

这两个一般混凝土的施工方法,混凝土重力坝是常规放置大体积混凝土和碾压。

Conventional concrete dams.传统的混凝土大坝。

(1)传统上放置大体积混凝土坝的特点是建筑施工中用的材料和配料使用的技术,混匀,放置,固化和大体积混凝土的温度控制(美国混凝土学会(ACI)207.1 R-87)。

典型溢出和非溢出部分示于图2-1和图2-2。

建筑采用已开发和完善了多年设计和建造大体积混凝土大坝的方法。

普通混凝土的水泥水化过程限制大小和混凝土浇筑的速度和建设就必须在巨石满足裂缝控制要求。

通常采用大尺寸的粗集料,混合比例被选择为产生低坍落度混凝土,使经济,在放置期间保持良好的加工性,水化过程中发育的最低温度上升,并产生重要性能如强度,抗渗性和耐久性。

大坝建设与传统的混凝土容易便于安装管道,压力管道,画廊等,在结构内。

(2)施工过程包括配料和混合,运输,安置,振动,冷却,固化,并准备电梯间的水平施工缝。

在重力坝大体积混凝土通常证明一个现场搅拌站,并需要足够的质量和数量,位于或项目的经济范围内的总根源。

一般是在水桶由卡车,铁路,起重机,索道,或这些方法的组合进行4至12立方码大小不等,从批次厂坝运输。

最大桶大小通常是通过有效地扩散和振动混凝土桩后它被从桶倾倒的能力受到限制。

混凝土被放置在5-升降机至10英尺的深度。

每部电梯由连续层不超过18至20英寸。

振动一般由大的人,气动,开钻式振动器进行。

保洁水平施工缝固化过程中去除表面上的薄弱浮浆薄膜的方法包括绿色切削,湿喷砂和高压气水射流。

传统的混凝土安置的其他详情载于EM 1110-2-2000。

(3)由于水泥水化产生的热量,需要在大体积混凝土的放置和放置几天后仔细的温度控制。

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station其他(Others)系survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartmenttraverse(polygon) 导线(测dense mix 浓浆量)、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout holelong side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量()triangulation 测量方法及术语(Methods and Terms)三角测量triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure)角度测量(compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubbledatum 基础面轴视准collimation axis点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)偏差depression angle 俯角deviationeasily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulationgeodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle量合联测)mark 标志(明joint survey已知点known point 物镜objective lens面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axistripod 三脚架置位、定位position踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜()1centering 对中reduced level 归化高差run back 返测盘左face leftrun out 往测face right 盘右three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量地形测量(Topographic Survey focusing 调焦)boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummetcontour line 等高线round 测回control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站draw 绘图距离测量(Distance Measure)field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线form line 地形图电battery 池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、legend 图例long range 远程location 定线、程medium range 中定位longitude 经short range 短程度longitude line 测距仪经线range findermap signal 地图、制图信号mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描match line 拼接线卷尺tapemonument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱object 高程测量(Height Measurement地物、目标)plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevationplot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、profile 断面(图)、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stake out 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩symbol 仪(测点)准水level 符号、记号topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentationand Facilities)国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂2Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meterinvar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器regulator 调节器水听器hydrophoneriser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometertensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线安装过程(Procession of Installation)plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenancespiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismograghsurface monument 表密封seal 面标点拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice提供终端房terminal house supplyterminal station 终端站测试testInformation资料(倾角tilt meter 计)简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate书说计velometer 流速使用明descriptionvertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zerostress-strain meter 其他(Others)计砼无应力间)Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件(行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录data recordinggrade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验(Test of Raw and Processedhydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete)initial set Aggregate)初凝骨料(abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性分率specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比外加剂(Admixture)视密度apparent densitybubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softeningcontract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数dispersing ability of waterexceeding and inferior grain in-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulussulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place ratesolid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size水(Water)量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica contentcalcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液PH value PH坚固性值soundnesswater analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析砼(水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete)砼拌和物(水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious )material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期4cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆(Cement)cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆土(Soil强度保证率)accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of wateractivity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of frictionwater-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿)硬化砼(太堡界限(界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度)California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivitycoarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concretecoefficient of cubical徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )compressibility 体积压缩系数形coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concreteconsolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪(固结快剪)试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪(慢剪)试验自振频率natural frequencyconsolidation 固结permeate 渗透consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequencycore cutter method sample 试环刀法件creep curve self-grown volume deformation(砼)蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降(临界坡降)Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strengthdegree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivitydirect shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warmingdistribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rateeffective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线5expansion force 膨胀力剪(快剪)试验variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降钢筋(steel hydrometer method 比重计法)bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head methodcold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-Wood)准则木材(curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力(正应力)oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管graincrushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grainprincipal stress 主)沥青(应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion testsand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration testsaturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point testtest of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形)质量管理(average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviationcoefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力(剪应力)离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distributionunconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质quality examinationunconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysisangle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代(Geochronology of Geologicaffected zone Ages)影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代(界)解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代(界)fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代(界)Palaeozoic era (erathem)fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代(界))岩石类型(Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代(界)岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪(系)岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪(系)Cambrian period (system)Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪(系)岩浆岩magmatic rock火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪(系)Silurian period (system)侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪(系)成石碳纪(系)Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪(系)Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪(系)acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪(系)Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪(系)第Tertiary period (system) 三纪(系)超基性岩ultrabasic rock第Quaternary period (system) 四纪(系)花岗岩granite斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造()porphyryrhyolite 玢岩断层faultsyenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbrojoint 理节玄武岩basaltprimary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplitesecondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite理层bedding pumice 浮岩)理(叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerateorthoclase 正长石siltstone 粉砂岩plagloclase 斜长石mudstone 泥岩biotite shale 页岩黑云母muscovite saline rock 盐岩白云母amphibole 角闪石limestone 石灰岩phroxene 辉石白云岩dolomiteolivine marl 泥灰岩橄榄石dolomite 白云石volcanic breccia 火山角砾岩kaolinite 高岭石火山块集岩volcanic agglomeratemontmorillonite 蒙脱石tuff 凝灰岩膨润土bentonite metamorphic rock 变质岩斑脱石、illite 板岩slate 伊力石garnet 石榴子石phyllite 千枚岩chlorite 绿泥石schist 片岩serpentine 蛇纹石gneiss 片麻岩pyrite 岩黄铁矿石quartzite 英marble 大理岩hematite 赤铁矿糜棱岩magnetite 磁铁矿mylonitemigmatite 混褐铁矿limonite 合岩)工程地质(cataclasite 碎裂岩Engineering Geology 技土工eotechnics ( geotechnique) 土工学(sediment(deposit) 沉积物(层)G)岩石工程术、漂石boulder 、顽石cobble 卵石岩石力学rock mechanics砾石gravel 力学soil mechanics 土岩石力学地质力学sand 砂、geomechanics engineering geological 粉siltstone 土clay 黏土地质条件conditons 工程砂质黏sandy clay 土问题engineering geological problem 工程地质clayey sand 岩体结构粘质砂土rock mass structure地形黏壤sandy loam 土、亚土geographic and geomorphic conditions土、表土浮regolith ( topsoil ) 地貌条件物理黄loess 土地质现象geophysical phenomenon 土红laterite 水文地质条件hydrogeological conditionsnatural materials 泥炭peat 天然材料海泥、ooze 软泥水库reservoir沉降Rock-forming 造岩矿物(settlement位移Minerals)displacementdeformation 变形滑石talctectonic stress 石膏gypsum 构造应力残余应力residual stress 方解石calcite内摩擦角萤石fluorite angle of internal friction凝聚力)磷灰石apatite 、cohesion 内聚力(粘聚力feldspar pressure tunnel 长石压力隧洞8underground cavern/cavity 地下洞室alluvium 冲积物(层)proluvium(diluvium) 洪积物(层)overburden 覆盖物deluvium 坡积物(层)bed rock(base rock/foundation rock) 基岩eluvium 残积物(层)firm/sound rock 坚硬岩石eolian deposit weak/soft rock 软弱岩石风积物(层)lake deposit 湖积物(层)interbed 夹层marine deposit 海积物(层)zone of fracture (broken zones ) 破碎带glacial (drift) deposit 冰川沉积物(层)homogeneity 均质性colluvial deposit (colluvium)nonhomogeneity/heterogeneity 非均质性崩积物(层)isotropy 各向同性cross-bedding 交错层geologic structure 地质构造anisotropy 各向异性geotectonics 矿物质的物理性质(Physical Character of 大地构造学graben Minerals)地堑horst 地垒hardness 硬度cordance(conformity) 整合光泽lusterdiscordance(unconformity) color 颜色非整合deceptive cordance /conformity 假整合transparencey/pellucidity 透明度地质作用(Physical Geology Action) 条痕streakweathering 风化rent/fracture 断口erosion 侵蚀crystal form 晶形transportation 搬运(Petrology) 岩石学deposition/sediment 类沉积classification 分denudation structure 构造应力剥蚀corrasion 磨蚀texture 结构corrosion fabric 腐蚀组构dissolution 成mineral composition 矿物组溶蚀landslide 滑坡crystalline 结晶质collapse(rock fall) 崩塌非晶质amorphous substance mud flow fossil 化石泥石流earthquake 地震磨圆度degree of roundingintensity 烈度degree of grains 粒度magnitude 震级(Stratum andPhysiognomy) 地层地貌◆水文盆地basin (Hydrology)ground water(subsurface water) 地下水river valley 河谷surface water 地表水河床river bedatmospheric water 地形topography 大气水runoff terrain 径流地势fresh /plain /sweet water attitude 产状淡水river flow/discharge rock base ( batholite) 河水流量岩基peak flood flow 洪峰流量rock stock 岩株flood out flow 岩流rock flow 洪水下泄流量dry season rock loccolith 岩盖枯水季wet season 丰水季岩盆rock lopolithflood (raining) season 岩墙rock dike 汛期non-flood season 岩床rock sill 非汛期5% frequency flood 20 年一遇洪水vein dyke 岩脉flood control 沉积物(层)sediment(deposit) 防汛9(二)工程施工.机电类trunion beam 支饺梁dogging beam 锁定梁◆金属结构(Hydromechanical work)启闭机(Hoist)闸门(Gate)wire rope hoist 固定卷扬式启闭机工作门service gatehydraulic hoist emergency gate 事故门液压启闭机monorail hoist 单轨启闭机maintenance gate 检修门overhead crane 桥机sector gate 弧形闸门bridge crane 偏心铰闸门桥机eccentric hinge sector gatesupport frame 机架plane gate 平面闸门reducer 减速器fixed wheel plane gate 定轮平面闸门motor 电动机trashrack 拦污栅pulley 滑轮trash rake 清污机live pulley )动滑轮预埋件(Embedded Partsfixed pulley 底sill 砍定滑轮equalizer pulley 平衡滑轮main guide 主轨drum 卷筒副轨auxiliary guidesteel wire rope 钢丝绳reverse guide 反轨position sensor 高度传感器side guide 侧轨load sensor 荷载传感器lintel 门楣brake 制动器steel liner 钢衬hydraulic system 液压系统高压冲水管high pressure water pipeoil cylinder 油缸pressure balance water pipe 冲水水平管piston rod 活塞杆)部件(组件/Assembly/partspump station gate leaf 门泵站叶oil tank 邮箱crank 拐臂pipe 管道arm 支撑filter seal 水封过滤器accumulator 蓄能器主main seal 水封valve 阀侧水封side seallogic valve top seal 顶水封逻辑阀check valve 单向阀底bottom seal 水封ball valve 球阀节流器水封辅auxiliary seal 助、cartridge valve 插装阀clip plate 压板solenoid operated directional slide block 滑块valve 电磁换向阀side slide block 侧向滑块门式起重机(Grantry Crane)反reverse slide block 向滑块rail 轨道定轮fixed wheellifting mechanism 起升机构轮主main wheeltraveling mechanism 运行机构side wheel 侧轮inspection trolley 重配ballast 检修小车gantry 吊耳lifting ear 门架support column 拉杆门腿lifting linkprimary beam 主梁支饺trunionbridge beam 横梁铰链hingecross beam 端梁饺座hinged supportside beam 铰轴hinged shaft 边梁lifting beam 端盖cover 起吊梁10hook 吊狗progressively 逐渐地purity 纯度buffer 缓冲装置push 推rail clamping device 夹轨器reliable driving wheel 主动轮可靠的residual oil 余油driven wheel 从动轮retraction 回缩其他(Others)run abnormal vibration 反常运行震动secure activate 激活保护separately or simultaneously 单独/anti-clockwise 逆时针同时地set up anticorrosion 防腐架设setting 设置/carry on 继续进行读数shim 行薄垫片执carry outslack 松弛clockwise 顺时针static loading test 静载试验试运行commissioningstill water 静水concentricity deviation 同心度偏差switch off 切断connect 连接synchronize 同步debris 碎片tighten de-energize 拧紧断电under water head condition 探测水压作用条件下detectwet test dry test 无水试验有水试验◆焊接和无损检验(Welding and dynamic loading test 动载试验Nondestructive Testing)加电给energize ……焊接{erection 架立Welding)arc strike 引弧/伸展expansion 弧伤arc welding 扣紧电弧焊fastenautomatic welding fit 安装自动焊back gouging 背面清根flowing water 动水backing 垫板闭门gate closurebase metal gate opening 启门母材build-up welding 堆焊/补焊门位恢复gate position restorationbutt joint 空载试验对接接头idle testcarbon rode impact 碳棒碰撞complete fusion 完全融合in pressure balance condition 平压条件下……lift……into position 将起吊到位角接接头corner joint涂料焊条covered electrode 定位locate降下试件coupon lowerdirect current electrodemanual operation 手动操作直流电极接负noise 噪声negative(DCEN)direct current electrodenote 记录operating gap 直流电极接正运作空隙positive(DCEP)衬垫pack double welding 双面焊particle 微粒double-bevel groove weld 双斜边坡口焊缝执行perform 型坡口焊缝double-J groove weld 双面J型坡口焊缝双面精确定位position accurately Udouble-U groove weld型坡口焊缝精确的precise V double-Vee groove weld 双面/预置/预留pre-set 电极焊条electrode按下按钮press button electrode holder 焊钳11electrosgas welding 电气焊weldment 焊件无损检验(电渣焊Nondestructive Testing)electroslag weldingangled beam filler metal 填充金属斜射波back scatter 背散射fillet weld 角焊缝calibration block 校准试块full fillet weld 大填角焊缝cleaning agent flat welding 平焊清洗剂contact beam 接触波flux 焊剂couplaut 偶合剂药芯焊丝弧焊flux cored arc weldingcrimp 褶皱forehand welding 左焊法definition 清晰度摩擦焊friction weldingdelayed sweep full penetration weld 全融透焊缝延时扫描detergent 去污剂fusion 熔合developer 显像剂fusion line 熔合线double-wall viewing 双壁透照groove weld 坡口焊缝echo 回波heat affecter zone 热影响区eddy current examination 涡流检验横焊horizontal weldingemulsifier 乳化剂lap joint 搭接接头examination medium 检验介质machine welding 机器焊exposure 暴光manual welding 手工焊inage quality indicator overhead welding 象质显示器仰焊inspector 检验师oxyfuel gas cutting(OFC) 氧燃料气割liquid penetrants testing 渗液检验oxyfuel gas welding(OFW) 氧燃料气焊magnetic particle testing 磁粉检验partial penetration weld 非全融透焊缝mass spectrometer 质普仪焊道passnondestructive inspection peening 锤击无损探伤penetrameter 等离子弧焊透度计plasma arc weldingpenetrant plug weld 塞焊渗透剂radiographic testing 射线检验气孔porosityscan postheating 后热扫描scratch 焊后热处理postweld heat treatment 划痕search unit 探头preheating 预热single-wall viewing 电阻焊resistance welding 单壁透照sniffer seal weld 密封焊缝嗅探器straight beam 直射波缝焊seam weldingstreak 条纹半自动焊semi-automatic weldingultrasonic instrument 超声仪单斜边坡口焊缝single-bevel groove weldultrasonic testing 超声波检验型坡口焊缝J single-J groove weld 单面visual testing 目测、外观检验型坡口焊缝单面single-U groove weld Uwheel search unit 轮式探头V单面single-Vee groove weld 型坡口焊缝夹渣slag inclusion X-ray machine X-射线仪)点焊spot welding ◆水轮机(Hydraulic Turbine直坡口焊缝水轮机hydraulic turbine square groove weldreaction turbine 反击式水轮机埋弧焊submerged arc weldingimpulse turbine 冲击式水轮机定位焊tack welding混流式水轮机咬边undercut francis turbine立焊vertical welding axial turbine 轴流式水轮机焊道weld head prototype turbine 原型水轮机12rated head 额定水头inertia 惯性flywheel effect 飞轮效应effective head 有效水头time constant 时间常数net head 净水头mandoor 进入门maximal head 最大水头pit liner 最小水头机坑里衬minimal head elastic layer 弹性垫层spiral case 蜗壳turbine pit 机坑stay ring 座环feedback 反馈wicket gate 导叶main distributing valve main shaft 主轴主配压阀solenoid 主轴密封shaft seal 线圈relay 继电器coupling flange 连接法兰transfer function 传递函数runner 转轮◆runner crown 转轮上冠机械通用词汇abrasion performance 耐磨性runner band 转轮下环abrasion test 磨耗试验runner cone 转轮泄水锥accessory 附件、配件、零件runner blade/bucket 转轮叶片accuracy 准确性、精度head cover 顶盖anti-corrosion 抗蚀底环bottom ringbalance test 平衡试验discharge ring 基础环bearing 轴承draft tube 尾水管bearing box draft tube cone 尾水锥管轴承箱bearing bush 轴瓦、轴套尾水肘管draft tube elbowbearing carrier governor 调速器轴承座bearing collar 轴承环、推力头调速器柜governor cubicle/cabinetbearing cover 轴承盖oil pressure tank/vessel 压力油罐bearing journal 轴颈回油箱oil sump tankbend 弯头gate ring 控制环bend radius 弯曲半径distributor 导水机构bending strength shear pin 剪断销抗弯强度bolt 螺栓筒形阀ring gatebore 钻孔servomotor 接力器bore machine 效率efficiency 镗床brake valve output 出力制动阀by-pass 旁通流量dischargecallipers 卡尺sir admission system 补气系统cardan shaft 万向轴涡流检验vortexcast special tool 专用工具铸造characteristic test auxiliary equipment 特性试验辅助设备chock damper/absorber/cushion 减震器、阴尼器楔子、垫块clamp runout 卡头、夹板摆度clearing of fault 水击water hammer 故障排除clip 导轴承guide bearing 夹具、钳coat operation condition 运行工况涂层correction value 矫正值开度openingcottor pin 开口销空蚀cavitationcoupling flange 抗磨涂层erosion resistant coating 联结法兰damping device 负荷load 缓冲装置13deflection 挠度monkey wrench 活动扳手nail 钉子density 密度nipple 管接头derusting 除锈nut 螺母descale 除垢o-ring O 偏差形环deviationoperating condition 运行情况dial 刻度盘pretreatment 预处理dial gauge 千分尺process 流程、工艺distort 变形screw cap 螺帽dowel pin (setpin) 定位销spigot 偏心凸轮套管、止口eccentric camstroke 偏心销eccentric pin 行程valve 偏心、偏心率、偏心度阀门eccentricityelastic bearing 弹性轴承verticality 垂直度弹性变形elastic deformation washer 垫圈elastic limit 弹性极限楔子板wedgeElectrical Equipment 电气设备及元器件(◆facility 设备、设施)& Element Partsfactory assembly 工厂装配发电机generator 型钢fashioned ironfeed pipe 供水管电动机motor3-phase squirrel-cage asynchronous motor female end 内止口field welding 现场焊缝三相鼠笼式电动机三相绕线式电动表面光洁度、精加工finish 3-phase wind asynchronous机fitting allowance 装配公差电枢motor armature fitting assembling 零件装配fitting face 配合面电刷brush线圈、绕组coil 法兰flangeflatness 平整度energizing coil 励磁线圈stator 缺陷flaw 定子stator core 定子铁芯flexibility 挠性、柔性forge stator winding 定子绕组锻造foundation 基础rotator 转子transformer 变压器摩擦friction隔离变压器isolating transformer gauge 规、计、表互感器齿轮gear mutual inductor globe valve 球阀电流互感器current transformer(CT)grade 电压互感器potential transformer(PT) 等级hardness 硬度高压电器high-voltage equipment热处理heat treatment breaker 断路器interface 分界面、接触面、接口isolating switch 隔离开关bushing 接头、接缝、连接、焊接joint套管结合面、接缝面joint face 绝缘子insulator 润滑剂、润滑材料lubricant 悬式绝缘子suspended insulatorlubrication circuit 润滑管道column-type insulator 支柱绝缘子lubrication oil 润滑油reactor 电抗器电容器机加工machine capacitorlightning rod 机床machine tool 避雷针(器)外止口male end low-voltage electric appliance 低压电器14knife switch 刀开关wiring terminal 接线端子terminal block 接线板、接线盒fuse 熔断器illuminator 照明automatic switch 自动开关lamp 灯contactor 接触器lightning distribution box(board) 触点照明配电箱contact constant close contact 常闭触点screw socket 螺口灯头fluorescence lamp 常开触点日光灯constant open contactbuld 灯泡starter 启动器socket 插座overtravel-limit switch 行程开关grounding 接地changeover switch 转换开关grounding resistance 接地电阻controller 控制器grounding switch 接地开关resistor 电阻器ground connector light resistor 光敏电阻接地体galvanized flat steel 变阻器镀锌扁钢varistorground wire 电磁铁electromagnet 接地线working grounding 母线工作接地busprotection grounding bare bus bar 裸母线保护接地others 其他cable 电缆master switch power cable 电力电缆主令开关induction coil 感应线圈control cable 控制电缆magnetic coil 电磁线圈armored cable 铠装电缆stabilizator 稳压器cab-type cable 橡皮绝缘软电缆bell 电铃电缆夹cable clampIPC cable connector 电缆接头共控机local control unit (LCU) 现地控制单元cable core 电缆芯programmable logic电缆卷筒cable drumcontroller(PLC) 可编程控制器电缆挂钩cable hangerprogrammer 编程器cable rack 电缆架motor valve 电缆终端cable terminal end 电动阀electromagnetic valve 电磁阀H cable 屏蔽电缆◆电气通用词汇裸线bare wirealternation current(AC) 交流电ammeter 电流表allowed value 容许值欧姆表ohmmeter ampere voltmeter 电压表安培automatic operation 电度表kilowatt-hour meter 自动操作bridge megger 兆欧表电桥cabling diagram 继电器relay 电缆连接图capacity of storage battery over current relay 过流继电器蓄电池容量欠流继电器under current relay charging 充电time relay (timer) 时间继电器charging current 充电电流thermal relay 闭合热继电器closeshortdown relay 常闭触点constant close contact 断路继电器constant open contact 蓄电池battery 常开触点battery charger 蓄电池充电器control circuit 控制电路盘屏pannel 电流强度current intensitydirect current (DC) 配电盘swithboard 直流电分线(配电)盒distributing cabinetde-energise (deenergize) 切断、断电15dynamic test 动态试验transient current 瞬时电流transient voltage 瞬时电压electric arc 电弧volt 伏(特)electric leakage 漏电voltage 电压flash test 高压闪络试验wiring scheme generator active power 发电机有功功率接线图withstand voltage test 耐压试验发电机效率generator efficiency◆计算机监控系统(generator reactive power 发电机无功功率Computer Supervisoryinput 输入(量)and Control System)A/D converter 绝缘涂层模数变换器insulating coatinganalog control loop 模拟控制回路insulation grade 绝缘等级automatic-restoration 自恢复insulation test 绝缘试验automatic element 自动化元件interlocker(interlocking) 联锁装置block diagram 方框图kilowatt-hour 千瓦小时、度coaxial cable 同轴电缆leakage protection 漏电保护command 指令line-to-line short circuit 线间短路communication 通信malfunction 误动作compatibility manual operation 手动操作兼容性console 控制台megohm 兆欧current transducer 电流变送器mis-operation 误操作cursor (显示器)光标欧姆ohmD/A converter 数模变换器outlet 引出线、电源插座data bus 数据总线outlet box 引出盒、接线盒database 输出线路数据库outlet linedigital signal 输出量output 数字信号digital screen 显示屏overcurrent protection 电流过载保护electric quantity transducer 电量变送器并联电路parallel circuiteletromagnetic interference power factor 功率因数电磁干扰fiber optic cable 光纤电缆电源power supplyfloppy disk 一次电路软盘primary circuitflowchart rated current 额定电流流程图。

水利水电工程专业课程简介【模板】

水利水电工程专业课程简介【模板】

水利水电工程专业课程简介课程编号:********课程名称:投影理论及制图基础英文名称:Projection Theory & Elementary Graphics学分:3.5课程性质:学科基础课开课学期:秋先修课程:主要内容:主要讲授制图的基本知识和基本技能、投影法的基本理论及其应用、空间想象能力和形体表达能力的培养、绘制和阅读工程图样的基本能力、形体常用的表达方法、轴测投影;主要有制图基础、点、直线、平面的投影、基本体的投影、截交线和相贯线、组合体的投影、工程形体常用的表达方法、轴测投影等。

教材:1、《画法几何及土木工程制图》高旭主编,**大学出版社2、《画法几何及土木工程制图习题集》魏海主编,**大学出版社参考书目:1、《画法几何及水利工程制图》许良乾等主编,高等教育出版社、2001年。

2、《画法几何及水利工程制图》胡守忠等主编,中国水利水电出版社、2005年。

3、《画法几何及水利工程制图》方庆等主编,高等教育出版社、1998年。

课程编号:********课程名称:工程测量A英文名称:Engineering Survey A学分:3课程性质:学科基础课开课学期:秋先修课程:高等数学、投影理论及制图基础、计算机基础主要内容:本课程主要内容包括测量基本工作、地形测量和施工测量。

测量基本工作主要介绍高程、角度和距离测量的原理方法。

地形测量主要介绍小地区控制测量的分类与施测方法,大比例尺地形图的测绘,地形图的使用。

施工测量主要介绍施工测量的基本工作、基本方法等。

教材:1、《水利工程测量》(第三版)张慕良等主编,中国水利水电出版社,1994年6月2、《水利水电工程测量》刘普海等主编,中国水利水电出版社,2005年7月参考书目:1、《测量学教程》(第三版)章书寿等主编,测绘出版社,2006年8月2、《测量学》(第四版)**大学等合编,中国建筑工业出版社,1995年6课程编号:********-1,********-2课程名称:理论力学英文名称:Theoretical Mechanics学分:5课程性质:学科基础课开课学期:春,秋先修课程:高等数学Ⅰ、大学物理Ⅰ、投影理论及制图基础主要内容:该课程主要讲授静力学基本概念和基本原理、力系的等效简化、力系的平衡条件及其应用、摩擦及有摩擦的平衡问题、平面静定桁架的内力计算;点的运动、刚体的基本运动、点的合成运动、刚体的平面运动;质点运动微分方程、质心运动定理与动量定理、动量矩定理、动能定理、达朗贝尔原理、虚位移原理以及动力学普遍方程等。

水利水电工程英文版课程描述

水利水电工程英文版课程描述
课程名称:高等数学2(96学时)
Course name:Advanced Mathematics 2(96hours)
学期:2
Term:2
学年:2011-2012年
Academic year:2011-2012
课程描述:
Course Overview:
高等数学课程是高等学校工科本科各专业学生的一门必修的重要基础理论课,通过本课程的学习,使学生获得:无穷级数、多元函数微分法及其应用、重积分、曲线积分与曲面积分、微分方程及其应用等方面的基本概念、基本理论和基本运算技能,为学习后继课程和进一步获得数学知识奠定了必要的数学基础。
Advanced mathematics is an important basic theory course compulsory for undergraduates of all engineering majors of institutions of higher education. In this course, students can learn the basic concepts, basic theories and basic computing skills in respect of infinite series, differential of function of many variables and its application, multiple integral, curve integral and surface integral, differential equation and its application, etc.,laying a necessary mathematical foundation for subsequent courses and further learning mathematical knowledge.

水利英语的词汇特征与翻译技巧——评《水利专业英语》

水利英语的词汇特征与翻译技巧——评《水利专业英语》

21(帀II英语的词脏特征与译技巧■评《水利专业英语》随着全球化文化交流和经济发展范围的不断扩大,作为中间媒介的专门用途英语正以独特的优势显示其交际功能,故掌握水利专业英语的词汇、句法特点,及翻译技巧对提高我国水利专业翻译水平、促进水利科技国际交流具有重要作用。

但英汉两种语言是在不同的历史和社会条件下发展起来的,两者之间存在着很大的差异,尤其体现在词汇及其意义方面,如在词汇结构及其形态变化、词汇的功能、词汇顺序、词义的对应性等方面存在巨大的差异,这就表明我们在学习、掌握水利英语词汇特征与翻译技巧时,不仅要借助一定的书本工具,还需要具备一定的实践精神。

由孙仕军、刘海生主编,黄冠华、迟道才主审,中国水利水电出版社于2019年8月出版的《水利专业英语》一书,不仅涵盖了水利专业领域的主要技术问题,还突出了水利英语实践运用过程,在一定程度上指出了水利专业英语的词汇特征,讲解了水利专业英语的翻译技巧、水利英语科技论文的写作方法,具有较强的专业性与实用性,可作为研究水利英语词汇特征与翻译技巧的工具。

通读全书,可发现该书具有以下几大特色。

一、图文结合,阐明了水利英语词汇的特点水利专业英语文献中大量使用专业词汇,他们包括本科使用的专业技术词汇、各学科通用的半专业词汇和书面的非专业词汇,而这些专业词汇本身及其用法具有一定特色。

《水利专业英语》一书采用图文结合的方法,揭示了专业技术词汇、半专业词汇、书面非专业词汇的定义,指明了水利英语的词汇。

其中,在第五单元“Dams”中,作者借用Free-body diagram of the cross section of a gravity dam解析图和Maximum observed uplift under some existing gravity dams解析图指明了专业技术词的定义特点,专业技术词汇是指水利科学或专业中应用的专业词汇或术语,其意义狭窄、单一,专业性强,一般只使用在各自的专业范围内,且这类词一般字母较多,而且字母越多词义越狭窄,出现的频率也不高。

水利水电工程专业英语教材

水利水电工程专业英语教材

高等学校水利类统编教材《水利专业外语》迟道才周振民主编上传人单位:华北水利水电学院水利系目录Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性 (3)Lesson 2 the Hydrologic Cycle 水循环 (5)Lesson 3 hydrology 水文学 (7)Lesson 4 underground water 地下水 (11)Lesson 5 what causes flooding洪水是怎样形成的 (16)Lesson 6 nature of water pollution 水污染的性质 (19)Lesson 7 Planning for water resources development水资源开发规划 (22)Lesson 8 reservoirs 水库 (26)Lesson 9 Properties of concrete混凝土的特性 (30)Lesson 10 basic concepts of reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土基本概念 (35)Lesson 11 dams 坝 (38)Lesson 12 embankment dams 土石坝 (42)Lesson 13 concrete gravity dam on rock foundations 岩基上的混凝土重力坝.. 46 Lesson 14 Arch dams 拱坝 (51)Lesson 15 spillways溢洪道 (56)Lesson 16 design forces 设计作用力 (61)Lesson 17 Significance of infiltration and process of infiltration入渗重要性及过程 (65)Lesson 18 evapotranspiration 腾发量 (68)Lesson 19 irrigation methods 灌溉方法 (71)Lesson 20 irrigation canals灌溉渠道 (79)Lesson 21 land drainage 耕地排水 (83)Lesson 22 methods of applications of drip irrigation systems滴灌系统的应用方法 (88)Lesson 23 hydraulic turbines水轮机 (92)Lesson 24 hydro-electric power 水力发电 (96)Lesson 25 differential leveling 水准测量(微差水准测量) (102)Lesson 26 construction and equipment施工和设备 (107)Lesson 27 engineering economy in water resources planning水利规划中工程经济 (110)Lesson 28 soil erosion and soil conservation 土壤侵蚀与土壤保持 (116)Lesson 29 groundwater and climate change地下水与气候变化 (120)Lesson 30 irrigation performance evaluation 灌溉运行评价 (124)Lesson 31 bidding, bid opening and award of contract招标、开标和授予合同 127 Lesson 32 how to write a scientific paper如何撰写科技论文 (131)Lesson 1 importance of water 水的重要性Water is best known and most abundant of all chemical compounds occurring inrelatively pure form on the earth’s surface. Oxygen, the most abundant chemical element, is present in combination with hydrogen to the extent of 89 percent in water. Water covers about three fourths of the earth's surface and permeates cracks of much solid land. The Polar Regions (原文polar regions) are overlaid with vast quantitiesof ice, and the atmosphere of the earth carries water vapor in quantities from 0.1percent to 2 percent by weight. It has been estimated that the amount of water inthe atmosphere above a square mile of land on a mild summer day is of the order of50,000 tons.在地球表面以相对纯的形式存在的一切化合物中,水是人们最熟悉的、最丰富的一种化合物。

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station其他(Others)系survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartmenttraverse(polygon) 导线(测dense mix 浓浆量)、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout holelong side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacingtraverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量()triangulation 测量方法及术语(Methods and Terms)三角测量triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure)角度测量(compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubbledatum 基础面轴视准collimation axis点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)偏差depression angle 俯角deviationeasily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulationgeodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle量合联测)mark 标志(明joint survey已知点known point 物镜objective lens面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axistripod 三脚架置位、定位position踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜()1centering 对中reduced level 归化高差run back 返测盘左face leftrun out 往测face right 盘右three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量地形测量(T opographic Survey focusing 调焦)boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummetcontour line 等高线round 测回control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站draw 绘图距离测量(Distance Measure)field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线form line 地形图电battery 池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、legend 图例long range 远程location 定线、程medium range 中定位longitude 经short range 短程度longitude line 测距仪经线range findermap signal 地图、制图信号mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描match line 拼接线卷尺tapemonument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱object 高程测量(Height Measurement地物、目标)plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevationplot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、profile 断面(图)、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stakeout 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩symbol 仪(测点)准水level 符号、记号topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentationand Facilities)国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂2Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meter invar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器regulator 调节器水听器hydrophoneriser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometertensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线安装过程(Procession of Installation)plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenancespiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismograghsurface monument 表密封seal 面标点拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice提供终端房terminal house supplyterminal station 终端站测试testInformation资料(倾角tilt meter 计)简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate书说计velometer 流速使用明descriptionvertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle 作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zerostress-strain meter 其他(Others)计砼无应力间)Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件(行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录datarecordinggrade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record 标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验(Test of Raw and Processedhydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete)initial set Aggregate)初凝骨料(abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性分率specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比外加剂(Admixture)视密度apparent densitybubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softeningcontract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数dispersing ability of waterexceeding and inferior grain in-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulussulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place ratesolid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size水(Water)量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica contentcalcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液PH value PH坚固性值soundnesswater analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析砼(水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete)砼拌和物(水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious )material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期4cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆(Cement)cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion ofmixture) 砼配合砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆土(Soil强度保证率)accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of wateractivity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of frictionwater-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿)硬化砼(太堡界限(界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度)California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivitycoarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concrete coefficient of cubical徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )compressibility 体积压缩系数形coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concreteconsolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪(固结快剪)试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪(慢剪)试验自振频率natural frequency consolidation 固结permeate 渗透consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequencycore cutter method sample 试环刀法件creep curve self-grown volume deformation(砼)蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降(临界坡降)Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strengthdegree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivity direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warmingdistribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rate effective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线5expansion force 膨胀力剪(快剪)试验variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specificexpansion) 膨胀率void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降钢筋(steel hydrometer method 比重计法)bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head methodcold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-Wood)准则木材(curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力(正应力)oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管graincrushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grainprincipal stress 主)沥青(应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test 相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion testsand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration test saturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point testtest of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形)质量管理(average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviationcoefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力(剪应力)离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distributionunconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质quality examinationunconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysisangle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代(Geochronology of Geologicaffected zone Ages)影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代(界)解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代(界)fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代(界)Palaeozoic era (erathem)fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代(界))岩石类型(Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代(界)岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪(系)岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪(系)Cambrian period (system)Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪(系)岩浆岩magmatic rock火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪(系)Silurian period (system) 侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪(系)成石碳纪(系)Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪(系)Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪(系)acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪(系)Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪(系)第Tertiary period (system) 三纪(系)超基性岩ultrabasic rock 第Quaternary period (system) 四纪(系)花岗岩granite斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造()porphyryrhyolite 玢岩断层faultsyenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbrojoint 理节玄武岩basaltprimary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplitesecondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite理层bedding pumice 浮岩)理(叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerate。

水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译

水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译

水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译刘景植编二OO四年十二月水利水电工程专业英语的阅读与翻译前言当前,世界科学技术发展十分迅速,为了了解、学习和借鉴国外先进的科学技术,为我国的社会主义建设服务,需要大量的阅读和翻译国外科技文献资料。

另外,近年来和在以后的若干年内,我国在水利水电建设中,从国外引进了且还将继续引进大批先进技术和设备,为了尽快消化这些新技术和装好、用好及管理好这些设备,也需要详细地阅读和翻译引进的技术和设备的技术说明文件。

要提高专业科技英语的阅读和翻译能力,除需要掌握英语语法的基本知识和基本词汇及具有相当广泛的专业知识之外,还必需熟悉专业词汇和科技英语中一些常用词、词组或短语,熟悉科技英语常见的句型和文体,以及掌握翻译科技文献的基本技巧。

本教材宗旨在帮助学生提高顺利地阅读或翻译科技专业英语文献资料的能力,希望通过本书能够达到以下几个目的。

1、使学生熟悉英语词汇的构词规律及掌握确定科技英语词汇词义的方法。

2、使学生熟悉典型的科技英语句型、文体。

3、使学生掌握科技英语文献翻译的基本技巧。

4、为学生提供一部分专业英语词汇及常用词组或短语。

第一章词的构成及科技术语翻译方法§1 词的构成专业英语的许多词汇都具有其特定的意义,在构词方法上则大量引用希腊和拉丁词素,用合成与派生方法构词,因此,掌握英语的构词规律,可以帮助记忆新词,扩大词汇量和提高阅读能力。

英语的单词主要由三部分组成:1、简单的单根词如work、stone、man等。

单根词在英语中只占极少数,且意义明确,不难记住。

2、由几个单根词组成的复合词如workman(工人)、stonework(石工)等,复合词在英语中的数量也有限,只要了解了组成的每一单根词义,该词的意义也就自然明确了。

3、由单根词、复合词或一些单独使用的词根加上词头和词尾的派生词,英语中大多数的词都属于这种词。

英语单词中的词根是词中最基本的部分,表达该词的基本意义,虽然词根的数量有限,但却是构成单词的基础,能繁衍出大量的派生词,所以掌握专业英语中常见词根的涵义,是熟悉和扩大专业词汇量的关键。

水利专业英语

水利专业英语

•Permeat 渗入,渗透=percolate=seepage •overlay 覆盖•impair 损害•raw 原状的,原始的•available 可利用的•sanitary 卫生的,保健的•basin 盆地,流域•hydrologic 水文学的,水文的•hydrologic cycle 水循环•precipitation 降水,降雨•runoff 径流•percolate 渗透•drought 干旱季节,旱灾•vadose渗流 infiltration•flowage 泛滥,积水•sub-surface water 地下水•flooding 洪水泛滥,漫灌•levee 堤;筑堤•deluge 洪水;大雨,暴雨•meandering 蜿蜒的;曲流的•winding 曲折的;弯曲的;迂回的•erode 侵蚀;冲刷;腐蚀•enhancement增加提高•objectionable不适合的•sluice-way=sluiceway 泄洪道•ungated 无门的;闭塞的•orifice 孔口;管口•detention basin 蓄洪区;拦洪区•retarding basin滞洪水库•abutment坝座•embankment土堤•impermeable 不渗透的,不透水•uplift 上托力,扬压力,上举•heel 坝踵,上游坡脚•tailwater 尾水,尾水位•toe 坝趾,坡脚,坝脚•pretest 事先实验•fieldtest野外试验•tensile拉力的•factor 系数,倍数,因素•coefficient 折算率,程度•chute 斜槽,瀑布,泻物架•infiltration 渗流•spillway 溢洪道•stage construction 分期施工•drainage basin流域•50-year frequency flood 五十年一遇洪水•outlet works 泄水(排水,河口)工程•discharge capacity 泄水能力•soil conservation 土壤保持•water and soil erosion 水土流失•flow hydrograph流量过程线•the Yangtze River 长江•the estimated flow径流量•Mississippi River 密西西比河•water table 地下水位•soil erosion土壤侵蚀•the outer curve 凹岸take。

水利工程专业英语,水利水电工程从业者必备

水利工程专业英语,水利水电工程从业者必备

intensity of excavation,开挖强度制爆破 sequence)overexcavation (overbreak),超挖data of explosive filled,装药参数backfill,回填pump sump,水泵坑data of holes drilled,钻孔参数blend,混合underexcavation (underbreak),欠挖delayed blasting,延时爆破compact,碾压underbreak treatment,欠挖处理exploratory hole,探孔controlled sprinkling,控制散水洞挖及地下开挖(tunnel and explosive quantity,药量cut the slope,削坡underground excavation) explosive quantity in a sound,单口向药dump,卸料a round of excavation,一个开挖循环量 exploit,开采adit,支洞handing misfire,处理哑炮level,整平advance,进尺light charge,少量装药load,装料advanced depth,进尺深度loosening blasting,松动爆破moisture condition,分水调节breaking hole,崩落孔pattern,布孔方式place and spread,摊铺cushion hole,缓冲孔distance between holes,孔足巨remove,清除drift,掏槽distance between rows,排距replace,重新填筑bottom drift,底部掏槽post shearing blasting,微差爆破retread (do the work again),返工center drift,中心掏槽prespliting blasting,预裂参数scarify,翻松,刨毛side drift,边部掏槽quantity of holes,孔数screen and wash,筛分禾口冲洗top drift,顶部掏槽smooth blasting,光面爆破take s sample,取样drilling,钻孔岩石支护(rock support)test,测试driving (progress) rate,进尺率expansion shell rock bolt,胀壳式张拉transport,运输easer,掏槽孔锚杆 treat,处理erecting supports for the roof and side feature rock anchor,随机锚索trim,休整wall,对顶拱及边墙进行支护 feature rock bolt,随机张拉锚杆缺陷(defects)full face excavation,全断面开挖feature rock dowel,随机砂浆锚杆calcium particles姜石heading and bench excavation,导洞与feature rock reinforcement,随机加固contaminated material,受污染料台阶开挖 lattice girder,钢珩架,格够大梁declination of the boundary,料界偏差loading and hauling muck (mucking),pattern cement grouted rock dowel,系dry,干燥装拉碴 统水泥砂浆锚杆 lack of comp action, 漏压loading (charging),装药pattern resin grouted rock dowel,系统lump,结块perimeter hole,周边孔树脂浆锚杆 muddy,泥泞pilot tunnel,导洞pattern rock dowel,系统砂浆锚杆oversize material,超粒径料removing dust,除尘pattern rock reinforcement,系统加 固pocket,囊穴removing ground water,清除地面积permanent rock support,永久支护seepage,渗流水 post-tensioned cement grouted tendon separation,分离shooting the explosive (blasting),方文rock anchor,后张拉水泥浆锚索shear area,剪力区炮,爆破 rebound material,回弹料lens,透镜体top heading excavation,上导、洞开挖return rock bolt,回头张拉锚杆其他(others)ventilation,通风return rock reinforcement,回头加固bonding surface,结合面钻孔爆破(drilling and blasting) shotcrete anchorage,喷锚byproduct,副产品abandoned hole,废孔shotcrete with wire mesh,挂网喷砼controlling parameter,控制参数average hole depth,平均孔深steel fabric shotcrete,钢纤维喷砼fill placement record,填筑记录average quantity used in unit volume steel rib,钢拱架frog area,蛙夯区blasted,平均单耗temporary rock support,临时支护required embankment,必要填方blasting result,爆破结果tensioned resin grouted rock bolt,树月旨subzone,分区blockness,块度张拉锚杆 混凝土(concrete)controlled perimeter blasting,周边控air-entrained concrete ( aerated土石料的填筑及碾压(working 2concrete)加气混凝土缺陷(defects) impermeability,抗渗性asphalt concrete,沥青混凝土bug hole (pitted surface)麻面initial setting strength,初凝强度blinding concrete,垫层混凝土cavity狗洞mix design,配合比设计cast-in-site (site,place) concrete,cold joint,冷缝resistance to freezing and thawing,抗现浇混凝土 crack,裂缝洞融性plastic concrete,塑性混凝土deformation,变形shear strength,抗剪强度fibrous concrete,纤维混凝土depression,坑洼slump,塌落度fist stage concrete,一期混凝土fire-damaged concrete,火损坑specific weight/gravity,比重foamed concrete,泡沬混凝土formwork shifting (moving),跑模stability against sliding,抗滑稳定性high-performance concrete,高性會旨混grout leakage,漏浆(挂帘)strain,应变凝土 honeycomb,蜂窝surface finish,表面平整度high-strength concrete,高强混凝土incomplete vibration,不完全振捣,tensile strength,抗拉强度intrusion concrete,压浆混凝土漏振 tensile stress,拉应力lean concrete (poor concrete),贫混irregularity,不规贝丨J thermal stress,温度应力凝土 segregation (bleeding),离析water-cement ratio,水灰比lightweight aggregate concrete,轻骨stair (staggered joint),错台working stress,工作应力料混凝土 tie rod hole,拉杆孔其他(others)mass concrete,大体积混凝土water leakage,漏水acceptance,验收non-fines concrete,无砂混凝土water seepage,渗水age,龄期non-plastic concrete,干硬性混凝土夕卜加齐1J(admixture) aggregate,骨料non-shrinkage concrete无受缩混凝accelerator,速凝剂fine aggregate,细骨料土 air-entraining agent,弓 1气齐lj coarse aggregate,粗骨料normal concrete,常态混凝土bloating (bulking,expansion) agent,air pocket,气囊plain concrete,素混凝土膨胀剂 airtightness,气密性porous concrete,多孔混凝土coloring admixture,着色剂alternative,替代物,替换方法prestressed concrete,预应力混凝土early-strength admixture,早强齐lj apply,应用,施加 reinforced concrete,钢筋混凝土gas-forming admixture,发气齐lj bending moment,弯矩pump concrete,泵送混凝土fluidizer,塑化剂block,仓号roller compacted concrete (rollcrete),retarding agent,缓凝齐lj binding strength,黏结强度碾压混凝土 set-controlling admixture,调凝齐lj calibration,标定second stage concrete,二期混凝土super-plastidzer,增塑齐lj,高效减水cement anchor,锚固卷作业(activity) 剂 concrete plug,混凝土塞clearance (cleaning),清理surface-active agent,表面活性齐lj concrete precast element,混凝土预制concrete pouring( placement,casting),water-reducing agent,减水齐lj 件混凝土养护 accelerating water reducer,速凝型减concrete release sheet,发料单curing,养护水剂 construction joint,施工缝membrance curing,薄膜养护retarding water reducer,缓凝型减水contamination/pollution,污染moist curing,湿润养护剂 conversion (reconstruction),改建normal curing,标准养护waterproof agent,防水齐lj coverage,覆盖范围stream curing,蒸汽养护指标(indexes)curing agent,养护齐U repairing,修补compressive strength,抗压强度delivery sheet,运料单scabbling (chipping, roughening),compressive stress,压应力direct discharge,直接入仓凿毛 concrete class,混凝土等级elevation,高程,正视图greencutting,冲毛final strength,终凝强度epoxy mortar application,环氧砂浆抹surface finishing,收面graduation,级配面vibrating,振捣graduation curveexisting,现有的,级配曲线 3piston,活塞steel basin,搅拌槽point to be located,待定点plug,堵头strain meter,应变计position,定位,位置reducer socket,变径管套temperature sensor,温度传感器reconnaissance,选点,踏勘return pipe,回浆管terminal station,集线站reference point,参考点tee piece,三通管其他(others) second order triangulation,二等三角reducer tee piece,变径三通管check hole,检查孔测量swivel-clamp,转卡compartment,灌区set out,放线,放样u-bend, U弯头dense mix,浓浆stake-line,测桩线union,活接头foundation uplift,基础隆起state plane coordinate system,国家平ventilation pipe,排气管grout hole,灌浆孔面坐标系water supply,水包instrument hole,仪器孔survey point,测点参数及指标(parameter and indexes)primary, secondary and tertiary grout theoretical point,理论点consistency,稠度holes,一序、二序、三序灌浆孔 traverse,导线,导线测量,横段 fineness,会田度度split spacing,加密灌浆孔举距error of traverse,导线闭合差grout take,吃浆量waste mix,弃浆lattice traverse,网格状导线high take,吃浆量大测量(survey)long side traverse,长导线grouting pressure,灌浆压力测量方法及术语(method and terms)open traverse,非闭合导线leakage rate,漏水率adjust,校正,调整 short side traverse,短导线lugeon,吕容adjustment,平差traverse closure,导线闭合mix proportion,浆比allowance,容许误差traverse station,导线点pumping rate,迸浆率backsight point,后视点traverse survey,导线测量refusal criteria,拒浆标准basic point,基础点triangulation,三角测量refusal time,拒浆时间bench mark,水准点triangulation network,三角网water absorption,吸水率compass,罗盘triangulation of high order,高等级三仪器设备(plant and instrument)chainage (station number),桩号角网agitator,搅拌站chain of triangulation,三角锁triangulation point,三角点automatic recorder,自动记录仪check,校核,对照 triangulation,三角测量chiller plant (cooling plant),制冷站control point,控制点vertical-control net,高程控制网displacement point,位移点coordinate point,坐标点wood pile,木桩electronic grout flow meter,电子流量datum,基准面,己知数,数据 角度测量(angular measurement)计 datum point,基准点azimuth,方位角extensometer,变位计deviation,偏差bearing,方位,象限flow transmitter,流量传感器easily identifiable point,容易识另丨J点bubble,气泡,水准器 foundation displacement indicator,基error,误差circle,度盘,圆盘础位移指示器 first order triangulation,一等三角测circular bubble,圆水准器grout pump,灌浆泵量 collimation axis,视准轴hydrometer,比重计geodetic,大地测量学的cross-line (cross-hair),十字丝joint meter,测缝计geodetic surveying,大地测量depression angle,俯角mixing plant,制浆站joint survey,联合测量elevation angle,仰角monitor,监测器known point,己知点eyepiece (ocular),目镜osmometer,渗压计level surface,水准面field pole,标杆pendulum,钟摆local triangulation networks,局部三角foot-screw,脚螺栓portable instrument,便携式仪器网 horizontal angle,水平角pressure gauge,压力表national coordination system,国家坐mark,标志点,标明 pressure sensor,压力传感器标网 objective lens,物镜reinforcement meter,钢筋计observeplumb (plummet),铅锤,垂线,观测,监视 5sight,瞄准,观测 automatic level,自动定平水准仪object,地物,目标target,目标,瞄准 difference in altitude (difference of plan,平面图,略图 theodolite,经纬仪elevation,height difference),高差plot,绘图transverse axis,禾黄车由error of closure in leveling,水准闭合profile,断面,纵剖面,断面图 tripod,三脚架差 record,记录,资料vertical angle,竖直角exact leveling,精(确置)平setup,定置仪器vertical axis,竖车由level,水准仪,水准测点 site location,定位望远镜(telescope) level circuit,水准闭合环stake out,放样,定线,立桩 centering,对中level shoe,水准尺垫symbol,符号,记号face left,盘左line of level,水准线路topographic detail,地形细部face right,盘右national geodetic vertical datum,国家topographic map,地形图focus,集中,焦点 大地高程基准面 原型观测focusing,调焦reduced level,归化高差观测仪器与设施(instrumentation and index error,指标,误差run back,返测facilities)inverted position of telescope(reverse run out,往测air-entraining meter,掺气计telescope),倒镜,盘右three-wire leveling,三丝法水准测量Carlson-type piezometer,卡尔逊式渗normal position of telescope (direct 地形测量(topographic survey)压计telescope),正镜,盘左boundaty,界线,边线concrete strain meter,混凝土应变计optical plummet,光学垂准器construction stake,施工标桩convergent point,收敛观测点round,测回contour,等高线direct plumb line,正垂线set,套,组 contour interval,等高距earth pressure cell,土压力盒station,测站contouring,绘等高线embankment piezometer,坝体渗压计足巨离测量(distance measurement)contour-length method,等高线延长法embankment strain meter,提应变计barometer,气压计contour line,等高线extended wire,引张线base line (basic line,datum line),基control network,控制网foundation piezometer,基石出渗压计线 detail,细部详图horizontal inclinometer,水平测斜仪battery,电池draw,绘图hydraulic instrument,水力学仪器EDM ( electromagnetic distance field,外业hydrophone,水听器measurement),电池波测足巨fix,固定,确定 inclinometer casing,测斜管Filter,滤光片,滤波器 form line,地形线interface joint meter,界面变位计laser alignment system,激光准直系统grid,格网inverted plumb line,倒垂线laser beam,激光束infomation,注记,资料,情报micro piezometer,微压计prism,棱镜marginal information,图廓注记multiple position extensometer,多点range,测程,距离 large-scale,大比例尺的位移计long range,远程latitude,纬度,范围observation point,观测标点medium range,中程latitude circle,维圈observation well,观测井short range,短程latitude line,纬线optical alignment line,视准线range finder,测足巨仪legend,图例plate strain meter,钢板计signal,信号location,定线,定位pneumatic piezometer,气压式气压计spring balance,弹簧禾平longitude,经度pressure fluctuation meter,脉动压力tape,卷尺longitude circle,经圈prestressed tendon anchorage invar tape,钢卷尺longitude line,经线dynamomter,预应力锚索测力计高程测量(height measurement)map,地图,制图 rock bolt extensometer,锚杆测力计altitude/elevation,高程,高度,海拔mapping,制图,测图,地质素描 single point extensometer,单点位移approximate leveling,近4以置平,粗match line,拼接线计平 monument,标石,石柱spiral sensor,测扭仪standpipe,测压管assemble,组装apparent density,视密度static liquid level,静力水准系统couple,连接bulk density (unitweight),容重strong-motion seismograph,强震仪embed,埋设clay lumps and friable particles in surface monument,表面标点install,安装aggregate,黏土块及易碎颗粒含量 temperature sensor,温度传感器insulate,绝缘coefficient of softening,软化系数terminal house,终端房maintenance,维护crush index,压碎指标terminal station,终端站monitor,监测dry state,干燥状态tilt meter,倾角计protection of instrumentation,仪器保exceeding and inferior grain intime average pressure cell,时均压力护 aggregate,超逊径颗粒含量计 reduce,归纳fineness modulus,会田度模数total pressure cell,总压力盒seal,密封gaping place rate,空隙率velometer,流速计splice,拼接grader retained percentage,分计筛余vertical inclinometer,垂直测斜仪supply,提供百分率vibrating wire piezometer,振弓玄式渗test,测试grain composition,颗粒级配压计资料(information) grain size,粒径vibrating wire settlement sensor,振弓玄assemble schematic,装配简图lightweight matter in aggregate,轻物式沉降仪 certificate,合格证书质含量weir with micro piezometer,带微压计description,使用说明书mica content,云母含量的量水堰 maintenance guideline,维护指南moisture content (water rate),含水率working base point,工作基点manual,说明书mud content,含泥量zero stress-strain meter,混凝土无应operating principle,工作原理organic content有机物质含量力计 operating restraint,操作范围potential reactivity of aggregate,骨料附件及配件(accessories and spare procedure,程序潜在活性parts)trouble shooting procedure,故障分析saturation,饱禾口coil,盘绕程序 sieving curve,筛分曲线component,零部件其他(others) soft grain in aggregate,软弱颗粒含量coordinator,坐标仪annular space,环行空间soundness,坚固性damping box,阻力箱data acquisition,数据采集surface moisture content,表面含水率differential resistance,差动电阻data recording,数据记录water-soluble sulphide,水容性硫化物double layer rubber sleeve,双层护套lead drilling hole,引线孔水硬性胶凝材料(hydraulicity forced centering plate,强制对中盘permanent record,/大久记录cementitious material) instrument lead,仪器电缆readout device,读数设备age,零期invar wire,铟瓦丝saturated,饱禾口的cement mark (strength of cement,metal ring金属环seepage isolation dike,截渗提cement, cement grade),水泥标号plumb coordinate meter,垂线坐标仪trapezoidal,梯形consumptive use of water normal pulley,滑轮水工常规试验 consistence,标准稠度用水量regulator,调节器I、degree of mobilization,流动度混凝土原材料试验(test of rawriser,立管and processed materials of concrete) dissolution heat (solution heat),溶角早sensor,传感器骨料(aggregate) 热spool,绕轴abrasion volume by Los Angeles final set,终凝steel socket,钢底座rattler,落杉矶磨耗量 flexural strength,抗挠(弯)强度tablet,药片accumulated retained percentage,累计flyash,粉煤灰tensioning weight,张拉重锤筛余百分率 hydration heat,水化热thermistor,热敏电阻acicular and flaky grain in aggregate,initial,初凝tip,测头 针状与片状颗粒含量 loss on ignition (ignition loss),烧失安装过程(procession of installation) 量setting time,凝结时间concrete,混凝土强度保证率 升silica fume,硅粉sand rate,砂率ultimate tensile strength,极限拉应变soundness,水泥的安定性unit consumption of water,单位用水wear rate,磨损率specific surface area,比表面禾只量 wear-resisting strength,抗冲磨强度specific heat,比热water retention (water retentiveness),砂浆(cement)water demand ratio,吸水量比保水性 cement lime mortar,水泥石灰砂浆夕卜加齐1J(admixture) water-cement ratio,水灰比cement mortar,水泥砂浆bubble stability,泡沬的稳定性硬化混凝土(hardened concrete) cement-clay mortar,水泥黏土砂浆bubbling ability,气泡能力axial tensile strength,轴向抗拉强度epoxy mortar,环氧砂浆chloride content,氯化物含量coefficient of thermal conductivity,导lime mortar,石灰砂浆compressive strength rate,抗压强度比热系数 plastering mortar,抹面砂浆contract with dry rate,干缩率cooling rate,冷却率pointing joint mortar,沟缝砂浆dispersing coefficient,分散系数core of concrete,混凝土芯样III、土(soil)dispersing ability of water-reducing creep deformation(time deformation),accumulation curve n cumulative agent,减水剂分散能力 徐变变形 curve),累计曲线loss of slump,塌落度损失creep of concrete,混凝土徐变activity index,活性指标sulphate content,硫酸盐含量expand with wet and contract with angle of friction,磨擦角solid content,固体含量,干缩湿胀 Atterberg limits n water content as surface tension,表面张力form coefficient (form factor),形状limit),阿太堡界限(界限含水量) water-reducing rate,减水率系数 California bearing ratio,载重比水(water) freezing-melting circulation,冻融循环coarse- grained soil,粗粒土alkalinity,碱度frost-resistance mark,抗冻标号coefficient of compressibility,压缩系calcion,钙离子heat property of concrete,混凝土热学数carbonic acid,碳酸性能 coefficient of cubical compressibility,chlorion,氯离子height-diameter ratio,高径比体积压缩系数equivalent consumption,当量浓度linear expansion coefficient,线膨胀系coefficient of curvature,曲率压缩系normal solution (standard solution),数 数标准溶液 loss of weight,重量损失compression,压缩PH value,PH值natural frequency,自振步页率compression index,压缩指数Water analysis,水质分析permeate,渗透compression modulus,压缩模量II、混凝土(concrete) permeated height,渗透高度consolidated-undrainedn quick) shear 混凝土拌和物(mixture) permeated-resisting mark,抗渗标号test,固结不排水剪(固结快煎)试 assurance strength of concrete,撤凝土relative coefficient of permeability,相HA验保证强度 对渗透系数 consolidation,固结bleeding rate,泌水率resonance frequency,共振步页率consolidation coefficient,固结系数cement-sand ratio,灰砂比sample,试件consolidation settlement,固结沉降design strength of concrete,砼设计标self-grown volume deformation,自生consolidation stress,固结应力号 体积变形 continuous grading/gradation,连续级flowability of concrete,混凝土的流动splitting tensile strength,劈裂抗拉强配性 度 contraction test (shrinkage test),收缩mix proportion ( proportion of static compressive modulus of 试验mixture),混凝土的配合比 elasticity,静力抗压弹模core cutter method,环刀法mixture uniformity,拌和物的均匀性temperature conductivity,导温系数creep curve,蠕变曲线penetration-obstruction method,贯入tensile modulus of elasticity,抗拉弹critical slope,溢出坡降(临界坡降)阻力法 性模量 Darcy's law,达西定律degree of free swelling,自由膨胀率saturated unit weight,饱禾口容重brittle temperature test,脆化点试验direct shear test of reiteration,直接剪seepage deformation,渗透变形expansion test,延j申度试验切试验 seepage force(seepage pressure),渗透penetration test,针入度试验direct shear test of reiteration,反复直力 softening point test,软化点试验接强度试验 seepage line,渗透线test of aging,老化试验distribution curve,分布曲线seepage speed,渗透速度viscosity test,粘滞性试验drift soil (shifting soil,mass flow),shear stress,切向应力(剪应力)V、质量管理(quality management) 流土 shrinkage limit,缩|限average,平均值effective angle of inner friction,有效skip(gapjump) grading,间断级配deviation standard ( error of mean内摩擦角 specific gravity of soil particle,土粒比squares),均方差effective strength envelope,有效强度重 deviation coefficient ( dispersion包线 steady seepage field,稳定渗、流场coefficient),离差系数expansion force,膨胀力stress path,应力路径index of correlation,相关系数expansion ratio (specific expansion),total strength envelope,总强度包线management limit,管理界限艮膨胀率 triaxial compression test,三轴压缩试mathematic statistics,数理统计maximum,最大值filtering flow (seepage flow),渗流HA验fine- grained soil,会田粒土unconfined compression strength,无minimum,最小值flow net (drift net),流网恻限压缩试验 normal distribution,正态分布hydraulic slope,水力坡降unconsolidated undrained test,不固结quality assurance,质量保证hydrometer method,比重计法不排水剪(快剪)试验 quality examination,质量检测hydrostatic head method,常水头法variable head method,变水头法regression curve,回归曲线limit equilibrium state,极限平衡法void(pore) ratio,空隙比relative dampness,相对湿度liquefaction,液化water replacement method,罐水法sample capacity,样本容量liquid limit,液限wet density,湿密度sample frequency,取样步页率liquidity index,液性指标IV、其他建筑材料 specimen,样品maximum dry density,最大干密度钢筋(steel) statistical analysis,统计分析method of sieving,筛分法bending and unbending,反复弯曲technical specification,技术规范Mohr's stress circle,摩尔应力圆cold bending test,冷弯试验technical standard,技术标准Mohr-coulomb failure criteria,摩尔-elongation test,拉伸试验testing circumstance,试验环境库仑破坏曲线 nominal diameter,公称直径testing error,试验误差normal stress,法向应力ratio of elongation,伸长率testing regulation,试验规程oedometer curve,压缩曲线relaxation test,松弛试验variance analysis,方差分析optimum moisture content,最优含水steel strand,钢绞线地质(geology)率 tensile yield strength,抗拉屈月艮强度地质年代(geochronology of geologic piping,管涌ultimate tensile strength,极限抗拉强ages)plastic limit,塑限度 Archaeozoic era (erathem),太古代plasticity index,塑性指标木材(wood) (界)pore water pressure,孔隙水压力crushing strength parallel to the grain,Proterozoic era (erathem),元古代porosity,空隙率顺纹抗压强度 (界)principal stress,主应力tensile strength parallel to the grain,顺Palaeozoic era( erathem),古生代(界)proctor compaction test,普氏击实试纹抗拉强度 Mesozoic era (erathem),中生代(界) HAcrushing strength across the grain,横Cenozoic era (erathem),新生代(界)验relative density,相对密度纹抗压强度 Sinian period (system),震旦纪己(系)sand replacement method,罐砂法tensile strength across the grain,横纹Cambrian period ( system ),寒武纪saturability (saturation degree,percent 抗拉强度 (系)(系) cleavage,角早理volcanic agglomerate,火山块集岩Silurian period (system),志留纪(系)fracture (rupture),断裂mff,凝灰岩Devonian period (system),泥盆纪fissure (crack, fracture),裂隙metamorphic rock,变质岩(系)岩石类型(rock type) slate,板岩Carboniferous period (system),石炭petrology,岩石学phyllite,千枚岩纪(系) igneous rock,火成岩schist,片岩Permian period(system),二叠纪(系)magmatic rock,岩浆岩gneiss,片麻岩Triassic period (system),三叠纪(系)lava (vocanic rock),火山岩quartzite,石英岩Jurassic period (system),侏罗纪(系)intrusive (invade) rock,侵入岩marble,大理岩Cretaceous period (system),白垩纪effusive rock,喷出岩mylonite,糜棱岩(系) plutonic rock,深成岩migmatite,混合岩Tertiary period (system),第三纪(系)pypabyssal rock,浅成岩cataclasite,碎裂岩Quaternary period (system),第四纪acid rock,酸性岩sediment (deposit),沉积物、沉积层(系) inter-mediate rock,中性盐boulder,漂石、顽石地质构造(geologic structure) basic rock,基性岩cobble,卵石fault,断层ultrabasic rock,超基性岩gravel,砾石sand,砂normal fault,正断层• j -i+‘ t±j山granite,花冈石reversed fault,逆断层porphyry,斑岩silt,粉土paralled fault,平移断层porphyrite,玢岩clay,粘土gouge,断层泥rhyolite,流纹岩sandy clay,砂质粘土stria,擦痕syenite,正长岩clayey sand,粘质砂土joint,节理trachyte,粗面岩sandy loam,壤土、亚黏土primary joint,原生节理diorite,闪长岩regolith (topsoil),浮土(表土)secondary,次生节理andesite,安山岩loess,黄土tension joint,张节理gabbro,辉长岩laterite,红土unloading joint,卸荷节理basalt,玄武岩peat,泥炭schistosity,片理aplite,细晶岩ooze,软泥(海泥) bedding,层理pegmatite,伟晶岩造岩矿物(rock-forming minerals) foliation,板理(叶理)lamprophyre,煌斑岩talc,滑石ripple mark,波痕diabase,辉绿岩gypsum,海石mud crack,泥痕dunite,橄榄岩calcite,方解石rain print,雨痕pumice,浮岩fluorite,萤石orientation of bedrock,岩层产状sedimentary rock,沉积岩apatite,磷灰石strike,走向clastic,碎屑岩feldspar,长石dip,倾向 clay rock,黏土岩quartz,石英angle of dip (dip angle),倾角chemical rock,化学岩topaz,黄玉fold,褶皱biolith,生物岩corundum,冈lj玉anticline,背斜conglomerate,石乐岩diamand,金刚石syncline,向斜siltstone,粉砂岩orthoclase,正长石monocline (homocline),单斜mudstone,泥岩plagloclase,斜长石dome,穹隆shale,页岩biotite,黑云母soft stratum,软弱岩层saline rock,岩盐muscovite,白云母zone of fracture (broken zone),破碎limestone,石灰岩amphibole,角闪石带 dolomite,白云岩phroxene,辉石affected zone,影响带marl,泥灰岩 olivine,橄榄石kaolinite,高岭石带 eolian deposit,风积物(层)montmorillonite,蒙脱石homogeneity,均质性lake deposit,湖积物(层)bentonite,斑脱石(膨润土) nonhomogeneity (heterogeneity),非marine deposit,海积物(层)illite,依砾石均质性 glacial (drift) deposit,冰川沉积物garnet,石榴子石isotropy,各向同性(层)chlorite,绿泥石anisotropy,各向异性colluvial deposit (colluvium),崩积物serpentine,蛇纹石矿物质的物理性质(physical(层)pyrite,黄铁矿character of minerals) cross-bedding,交错层hematite,赤铁矿hardness,硬度geologic structure,地质构造magnetite,磁铁矿luster,光泽geotectonics,大地构造学limonite,褐铁矿color,颜色graben,地堑工程地质(engineering geology)transparency (pellucidity),透明度horst,地垒geotechnics (geotechnique),土工学、streak,条痕cordance (conformity),整合土工技术、岩石工程 rent (fracture),断口discordance (unconformity),不整合rock mechanics,岩石力学crystal form,晶形deceptive cordance/conformity,1 叚整soil mechanics, 土力学岩石学(petrology)合geomechanics,地质力学(岩石力学)classification,分类地质作用(physical geology action) engineering geological conditions,工structure,构造weathering,风化程地质条件 texture,结构erosion,侵岩engineering geological problems,工程fabric,组成transportation,搬运地质问题 mineral composition,矿物组成deposition/sediment,沉积rock mass structure,岩体结构crystalline,结晶质denudation,录lj蚀geographic and geomorphic amorphous substance,非晶质corrasion,磨蚀conditions,地形地貌条件fossil,化石corrosion,腐蚀geophysical phenomenon,物理地质现degree of rounding,磨圆度dissolution,溶蚀象 degree of grains,粒度landslide,滑坡hydrogeological conditions,水文地质地层地貌(stratum and physiognomy)collapse (rock fall),崩塌条件 basin,盆地mud flow,泥石流natural materials,天然材料river valley,河谷earthquake,地震reservoir,水库river bed,河床intensity,烈度settlement,沉降topography,地形magnitude,震级displacement,位移terrain,地势水文(hydrology) deformation,变形attitude,产状ground water (subsurface water),地tectonic stress,构造应力rock base (batholite),岩基下水residual stress,残余应力rock stock,岩株surface water,地表水angle of internal friction,内摩擦角rock flow,岩流atmospheric water,大气水cohesion,内聚力(凝聚力、粘聚力) rock loccolith,岩盖runoff,径流pressure tunnel,压力隧洞rock lopolith,岩盆fresh water(plain water,sweet water),underground cavern/cavity,地下洞室rock dike,岩墙淡水overburden,覆盖物rock sill,岩床river flow/discharge,河水流量bed rock (base rock,foundation rock),vein dyke,岩脉peak flood flow,洪峰流量基岩 sediment (deposit),沉积物(层)flood out flow,洪水下卸流量firm rock (sound rock),硬岩alluvium,冲击物(层)dry season,枯水季weak rock (soft rock),软岩proluvium (diluvium),洪积物(层)wet season,丰水季interbed,夹层deluvium,坡积物(层)flood (raining) season,汛期zone of fracture (broken zones),破碎eluviumnon-flood season,非汛期,残积物(层) 115% frequency flood,20 年一遇洪水trunnion,支铰gantry,门架flood control,防汛hinge,铰链support column,门腿(二)工程施工、机电类 hinged support,铰座primary beam,主梁金属结构(hydromechanical work) hinged shaft,铰轴bridge beam,横梁闸门(gate) cover,端盖cross beam,端梁service gate,工作门trunnion beam,支铰梁side beam,边梁emergency gate,事故门dogging beam,锁定量lifting beam,起吊梁maintenance gate,检修门启闭机(hoist) hook,吊勾sector gate,弧型闸门wire rope hoist,固定卷扬机buffer,缓冲装置eccentric hinge sector gate,偏心铰弧hydraulic hoist,液压启闭机rail clamping device,夹轨器型闸门 monorail hoist,单轨启闭机driving wheel,主动轮plane gate,平面闸门overhead crane,桥机driven wheel,从动轮fixed wheel plane gate,定轮平面闸门bridge crane,桥机其他(others)trashrack,拦污栅support frame,机架abnormal vibration,反常震动trash rake,清污机reducer,减速器activate,激活预埋件(embedded parts) motor,电动机anti-clockwise,逆时针sill,底坎pulley,滑轮anticorrosion,防腐main guide,主轨live pulley,动滑轮carty on,继续进行auxiliary guide,副轨fixed pulley,定滑轮carry out, 执行reverse guide,反轨equalizer pulley,平衡滑轮clockwise,顺时针side guide,恻轨drum,卷筒commissioning,试运行lintel,门楣steel wire rope,钢丝绳concentricity deviation,同心度偏差steel liner,钢衬position sensor,高度传感器connect,连接high pressure water pipe,高压冲水管load sensor,荷载传感器debris,碎片pressure balance water pipe,冲水平压brake,制动器de-energize,断电管 hydraulic system,液压系统detect,探测组件 / 部件(assembly/parts) oil cylinder,油缸dry test,无水试验gate leaf,门叶piston rod,活塞缸dynamic loading test,动载试验crank,拐臂pump station,泵站energize,给加电arm,支臂 oil tank,油箱erection,架立seal,水封pipe,管道expansion,伸展main seal,主水封filter,过滤器fasten,扣紧top seal,顶水封accumulator,蓄會旨器fit,安装side seal,恻水封lubricating oil,润滑油flowing water,动水bottom seal,底水封valve,阀gate closure,闭门auxiliaty seal,辅助水封,节流器logic valve,逻辑阀gate opening,启门clip plate,压板check valve,单向阀gate position restoration,门卫个灰复slide block,滑块ball valve,球阀idle test,空载试验reverse slide block,反向滑块cartridge valve,插装阀impact,碰撞side slide block,恻向滑块solenoid operated directional valve,电in pressure balance condition,平压条fixed wheel,定轮磁换向阀 件下main wheel,主轮门式起重机(gantry crane) lift into position,将起吊到位side wheel,恻轮rail,轨道locate,定位ballast,配重lifting mechanism,起升机构lower,降下lifting ear,吊耳traveling mechanism,运行机构manual operation,手动操作lifting link,拉杆inspection trolleynoise,噪声,检修小车 12note,记录covered electrode,涂料焊条plug weld,塞焊operating gap,运作间隙coupon,试件porosity,气孔pack,衬垫direct current electrode negative posdtheading,后热particle,微粒(DCEN),直流电极接负 postweld head treatment,焊后热处理perform,执行direct current electrode positive preheating,预热position accurately,精确定位(DCEP),直流电极接正 resistance welding,电阻焊precise,精确的double welding,双面焊seal weld,密封焊缝pre-set,预留,预置double-bevel groove weld,双斜边坡seam welding,焊缝press button,按下按纽口焊缝 semi-automatic welding,半自动焊缝progressively,逐渐的double-j groove weld,双面 J型坡口single-bevel groove weld,单斜边坡口purity,纯度焊缝 焊缝push,推double-u groove weld,双面 U型坡口single-J groove weld,单面 J型坡口焊reliable,可靠的焊缝 缝residual oil,余油double -Vee groove weld,双面 V型single-U groove weld,单面 U型坡口retraction,回缩坡口焊缝 焊缝run,运行 electrode,焊条,电极single-V groove weld,单面 V型坡口secure,保护electrode holder,焊钳焊缝sensitive,反应灵敏的electrosgas welding,电气焊slag inclusion,夹渣separately or simultaneously,单独或electroslag welding,电渣焊spot welding,点焊同时的 filler metal,填充金属square groove weld,直坡 口焊缝set up,架设fillet weld,角焊缝、submerged arc welding,埋弧焊setting,设置,读数full fillet weld,大填角焊缝tack welding,定位焊shim,薄垫片 flat welding,平焊undercut,咬边slack,松弛flux,焊剂vertical welding,立焊static loading test,静载试验flux cored arc welding,药芯焊丝弧焊weld bead,焊道still water,静水forehand welding,左焊法weldment,焊件switch off,切断friction welding,摩擦焊无损检验(nondestructive testing) synchronize,同步full penetration weld,全融透焊缝angled beam,斜射波tighten,拧紧fusion,熔合back scatter,背散射under water head condition,水压作用fusion line,熔合线calibration block,校准试块条件下 groove weld,坡 口焊缝cleaning agent,清洗齐ljwet test,有水试验heat affected zone,热影响区contact beam,接角虫齐lj焊接和无损检验(welding and horizontal welding,横焊couplaut,偶合剂nondestructive test) lap joint,搭接接头crimp,褶皱焊接(welding) machine welding,机器焊definition,清晰度arc strike,引弧、弧伤manual welding,手工焊delayed sweep,延时扫描arc welding,电弧焊overhead welding,仰卬焊detergent,去污齐lj automatic welding,自动焊oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC),氧燃料气developer,显像剂back gouging,背面清根割 double-wall viewing,双壁透照backing,垫板oxyfuel gas welding (OFW),氧燃料echo,回波base metal,母材气焊 eddy current examination,涡流检验build-up welding,堆焊,补焊partial penetration weld,非全熔透焊emulsifier,乳化剂butt joint,对接接头缝 examination medium,检验介质carbon rode,炭棒pass,焊道exposure,暴光complete fusion,完全融合peening,锤击image quality indicator,象质显示器corner joint,角接接头plasma arc weldinginspector,检验师,等离子弧焊 13。

水工优秀教材

水工优秀教材

41
海岸动力学(第4 主
版)

编 邹志利(大连理工大学) 审 严以新(河海大学)
人民交通出版社
ISBN 978-7-114-08034-0 2009年12月
42
工程水文学(第4 主
版)

编 邱大洪(大连理工大学) 审 薛鸿超(河海大学)
人民交通出版社
ISBN 978-7-114-09149-0 2011年7月
清华大学出版社 ISBN 978-7-302-15294-1 2007年10月
清华大学出版社 ISBN 978-7-302-33176-6 2013年10月
中国水利水电出版社 ISBN 978-7-5084-7145-7 2010年1月
中国水利水电出版社 ISBN 978-7-5084-7832-6 2010年8月
附件1 第一届全国高等学校水利类专业优秀教材名单
序号 名称
作者
1
水工建筑物(第5 主
版)

编 林继镛(天津大学) 审 王光纶(清华大学)
2
水利工程施工 (第5版)
主 编 袁光裕(武汉大学) 胡志根(武汉大学)
主 审 钟登华(天津大学)
合 编 河海大学
3
水工钢筋混凝土 结构学(第4版)
武汉大学 大连理工大学 郑州大学
主 审 薛焱森(四川大学)
编 著 王文圣(四川大学)
31
随机水文学(第2 版)
丁 晶(四川大学)
金菊良(合肥工业大学)
中国水利水电出版社 ISBN 978-7-5084-5533-4 2008年7月
32
水资源规划与管 理

编 董增川(河海大学)
主 编 谢悦波(河海大学)

沈农大水利专业英语 first=SPECIALTY ENGLISH-ppt

沈农大水利专业英语 first=SPECIALTY ENGLISH-ppt
Student 2: Not yet.
No deal 不讲价;Any discount?打折吗? 不讲价; 打折吗? 打折吗 A luck dog! 你真走运; Well done! 做的好; 你真走运; 做的好; Still up? 还没睡呀? Sure thing!当然 ? 还没睡呀? 当然
1: Basic Characteristics of Specialty English
Hint:
口语文体用词自由,句法结构简单, 口语文体用词自由,句法结构简单,短句与省 略句较多,遵从“ 略句较多,遵从“KISS”原则 原则 ---Keep It Simple and Short
More examples
Woman: Taxi! Thank you! Taxi driver: Where to? Woman: To the train station, please! step on it, I am : , in a hurry. Taxi driver: Ok, hold on. Student 1:Have you had your breakfast? :
The day is cold,and dark,and dreary, It rains, and the wind is never weary; The vine still clings to the moldering wall, but at every gust the dead leaves fall, and the day is dark and dreary.
1: Basic Characteristics of Specialty English
1.3、Nonfinite Verb (非谓语动词 、 非谓语动词) 非谓语动词

水利水电工程专业英语词汇和句子

水利水电工程专业英语词汇和句子

设计阶段 (design stage)河流规划 river planning选址 selecting damsite预可行性研究 pre-feasibility study可行性研究feasibility study初步设计 preliminary design技施设计tech-construction design招标设计tender design施工详图设计 detail construction drawing design 水工建筑物 (hydraulic structure)水利枢纽 hydroproject枢纽布置 layout of hydroproject挡水建筑物water retaining structure取水建筑物water intake structure泄水建筑物water release structure输水建筑物water conveyance structure通航建筑物navigation structure过鱼建筑物fish pass structure永久性建筑物 permanent structure临时性建筑物 temporary structure水工建筑物 (hydraulic structure)水利枢纽hydroproject枢纽布置layout of hydroproject挡水建筑物water retaining structure 取水建筑物water intake structure泄水建筑物water release structure输水建筑物water conveyance structure 通航建筑物navigation structure过鱼建筑物fish pass structure永久性建筑物 permanent structure临时性建筑物 temporary structure•主坝 main dam•副坝 auxiliary dam•坝轴线 dam axis•坝高 high dam•坝长 length of dam•坝顶 dam crest•坝底 dam base•坝坡 dam slope•坝间 dam abutment•坝踵 dam heel•坝趾 dam toe•坝段 dam monolith重力坝 gravity dam实体重力坝 solid gravity dam混凝土重力坝 concrete gravity dam碾压混凝土坝 roller compacted concrete dam 浆砌石重力坝 masonry gravity dam空腹重力坝 hollow gravity dam宽缝重力坝 slotted gravity dam预应力重力坝 prestressed gravity dam溢流重力坝 overflow gravity dam灌浆廊道 grouting gallery排水廊道 drainage gallery检查廊道 inspection gallery•拱坝 arch dam•拱轴线centerline of arch•单曲拱坝single curvature arch dam •双曲拱坝double curvature arch dam •抛物线拱坝parabolic arch dam•椭圆形拱坝elliptical arch dam•薄拱坝thin arch dam•重力拱坝gravity arch dam•空腹重力拱坝hollow gravity arch dam •溢流拱坝overflow arch dam•支墩坝buttress dam•平板坝flat slab buttress dam•大头坝massive-head dam•连拱坝mutiple-arch dam•土石坝 earth-rock dam•土坝 earth dam•均质土坝 homogeneous earth dam•粘土心墙土石坝 clay core earthrock dam•沥青混凝土心墙土石坝 asphaltic concrete core earth-rock dam•粘土斜墙土石坝 sloping core earth-rock dam•沥青混凝土面板土石坝 asphaltic concrete facing earth-rock dam•溢流土石坝 overflow earth-rock dam•钢筋混泥土面板堆石坝 reinforced concrete facing rockfill dam防浪墙 wave wall (parapet)护坡 slope protection防渗铺盖 impervious blanket棱体排水 prism drainage反滤层 filter溢洪道 spillway开敞式溢洪道 open channel spillway正常溢洪道 main spillway非常溢洪道 emergency spillway陡槽式溢洪道 chute spillway虹吸式溢洪道 siphon spillway•进水渠 entrance channel•闸门gate•泄槽 chute•跳流鼻坎flip bucket;deflecting bucket •出水渠 outlet channel•冲刷坑 scour hole; washout•水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel•导流隧洞 diversion tunnel•泄洪隧洞 spillway tunnel•发电隧洞 power tunnel•灌溉隧洞 irrigation tunnel•放空隧洞 emptying tunnel•有压隧洞pressure tunnel•无压随洞 free-flow tunnel•不衬砌随洞 unlined tunnel•排水随洞 drainage tunnel•涵洞 culvert•填埋管 buried pipeline•沟埋管 trenched pipeline•钢性管 rigid pipe•柔性管 flexible pipe•钢筋混凝土管 reinforced concrete pipe •塔式进水口 tower intake•竖井式进水口 shaft intake•沉沙池 sedimentation basin•渡槽 aqueduct (fiume)•倒虹吸管 inverted siphon•落差建筑物 drop structure•通航建筑物 navigation structure•船闸 navigation lock (ship lock)•多级船闸 muti-line lock (mutiple lock)•Electrical energy can be stored in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. Such a device is called a condenser, and its ability to storeelectrical energy is termed capacitance. 电能可以储存在被一绝缘介质隔开两块金属板中。

第一部分-水利水电类

第一部分-水利水电类

序号书名主编定价出版日期书号(ISBN)条形码1工程水文及水利计算(第二版)雒文生 宋星原40.002016.08978-7-5084-7445-8/012河流动力学张小峰 刘兴年28.002016.07978-7-5084-7638-4/013随机水文学(第三版)王文圣 金菊良丁 晶28.002016.02978-7-5170-4066-84水文学原理缪 韧28.002015.08978-7-5084-4909-8/025水灾害徐向阳28.002015.06978-7-5084-3758-3/016水文预报(第4版)包为民44.002017.01978-7-5084-6192-2/027水文水利计算(第2版)梁忠民 钟平安华家鹏46.002013.05978-7-5084-5762-88水文地质勘察(第2版)蓝俊康 郭纯青48.00(预估)2017.079地下水水文学束龙仓 陶月赞39.002016.08978-7-5084-6173-1/0110水信息技术谢悦波38.002016.02978-7-5084-6196-0/0111水文统计学黄振平 陈元芳49.002015.08978-7-5084-8579-9/0112水环境化学吴吉春 张景飞33.002015.02978-7-5084-6109-0/0113水文学原理(第二版)沈 冰 黄红虎32.002015.01978-7-5170-2890-114水环境保护雒文生 李怀恩32.002015.01978-7-5084-5990-5/0115水文地质勘察蓝俊康 郭纯青45.002014.11978-7-5084-5854-0/0116气象学与气候学教程葛朝霞 曹丽青27.002013.07978-7-5084-6177-917地下水动力学吴吉春 薛禹群24.002012.08978-7-5084-6079-618地理信息系统原理与应用康 玲 张晓祥24.002009.01978-7-5084-6923-2一、水利水电类(一)本科与研究生教材国家级规划教材1.水文与水资源工程教材高等学校水利学科专业规范核心课程教材19水资源规划及利用梅亚东45.00(预估)2017.0620水资源规划及利用何俊仕 林洪孝35.002016.08978-7-5170-2017-221水利计算钟平安 王建群32.002016.06978-7-5170-4512-022水资源规划与管理(第二版)左其亭 窦 明吴泽宁30.002016.05978-7-5170-1918-323水文水利计算李继清 门宝辉39.002015.08978-7-5170-3464-324水资源优化配置与调度邱 林 王文川25.002015.06978-7-5170-3289-225水环境学窦 明 左其亭30.002014.03978-7-5170-1782-026水资源保护与管理付 强 何俊仕刘继龙42.002014.01978-7-5170-1730-127水文水资源系统风险分析黄振平25.002013.12978-7-5170-1469-028水生态保护与修复朱永华 任永良29.002012.11978-7-5170-0144-729水文气象学郭纯青 方荣杰代俊峰20.002012.01978-7-5170-0253-630地下水动力学实验与习题(第2版)靳孟贵 成建梅文 章15.002017.03978-7-5170-5199-231水文分析与计算张彦洪32.002017.03978-7-5170-5246-332海洋水文学高宗军 冯建国25.002016.03978-7-5170-4176-433地下水开发与利用戴长雷 付 强28.002015.10978-7-5170-3689-034水资源规划与管理董增川22.002014.10978-7-5084-4206-8/0135地下水流数值模拟基础杜新强15.002014.09978-7-5170-2584-936水文学原理范世香 刁艳芳刘 冀36.002014.05978-7-5170-2044-837NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF GROUNDWATER FLOW-FINITE-DIFFERENCEMETHOD地下水流数值模拟-有限差分法(双语系列)郑秀清 陈军锋刘 萍29.002014.02978-7-5170-1784-438水文地质学陈南祥29.002013.12978-7-5084-5270-8“十三五”“十二五”和“十一五”期间规划教材全国水利行业规划教材39水资源综合利用周维博36.002013.09978-7-5170-1285-6 40河流动力学专论徐国宾34.002013.07978-7-5170-1052-441Collection of WaterInformation and DataProcessing(英文版)谢悦波35.002011.01978-7-5084-8335-142水信息技术课程指导书谢悦波29.002010.03978-7-5084-7277-543气象学与天气学实习指导书荣艳淑 葛朝霞曹丽青 王万杰12.002008.12978-7-5084-6276-944水资源系统分析董增川26.002008.07978-7-5084-5371-2 45水文水利计算叶守泽42.002014.07978-7-80124-628-8/04 46河流泥沙动力学(第二版)张瑞瑾29.002014.01978-7-80124-426-0/03 47水利计算及水资源规划叶秉如17.002012.08978-7-5084-1418-8 48水资源管理赵宝璋16.002011.12978-7-80124-359-1 49地下水水文学张元禧 施鑫源18.502009.12978-7-80124-614-150农村供水工程(第二版)魏清顺59.002016.09978-7-5170-4738-451水泵及水泵站(第五版)冯卫民 于永海38.002016.09978-7-5170-4646-252水土流失及荒漠化监测与评价张广军 赵晓光38.002015.06978-7-5084-3283-0/0153水泵及水泵站刘 超 徐 辉35.002015.05978-7-5084-6345-2/0154水工建筑物(第5版) (供农业水利工程专业用)陈德亮 夏富洲58.002014.06978-7-5084-5738-3/0255水土资源分析与管理张展羽 俞双恩28.002006.05978-7-5084-3759-456水土保持学文 俊 李占斌曹叔尤32.002016.08978-7-5084-7244-757工程水文及水利计算陈元芳 钟平安李国芳 王 栋46.002016.08978-7-5170-0985-6高等学校教材2.农业水利工程教材国家级规划教材高等学校水利学科专业规范核心课程教材58工程地质与水文地质张忠学39.002015.02978-7-5084-6650-7/0159土壤学与农作学龚振平 邵孝侯42.002015.02978-7-5084-6300-1/0160工程经济学王修贵32.002015.01978-7-5084-6108-3/0161地下水利用(第4版)虎胆·吐马尔白32.002014.08978-7-5084-5822-9/0162电工学与电气设备潘文霞 赵晋泉34.002014.08978-7-5084-5923-3/0163水利工程施工侍克斌46.002014.08978-7-5084-6658-3/0164节水灌溉理论与技术迟道才 费良军蔡守华 吕志远42.002014.08978-7-5084-7114-3/0165水利工程管理石自堂36.002014.08978-7-5084-6793-1/0166城镇给排水韩会玲 罗金耀李 靖36.002010.02978-7-5084-7243-067水土资源规划与管理(第2版)张展羽 俞双恩34.002009.08978-7-5084-6711-568水电站于永海30.002008.11978-7-5084-5914-169土壤物理与作物生长模型王全九24.002016.02978-7-5170-4130-670高效灌排技术郝树荣 缴锡云36.002016.02978-7-5170-4131-371农业水利工程概论(第二版)倪福全 邓 玉谭燕平49.002016.06978-7-5170-4385-072灌溉排水工程学王仰仁39.002014.08978-7-5170-1913-873农田水利学王春堂42.002014.05978-7-5170-2010-374灌排工程系统分析(第三版)刘肇祎28.002014.02978-7-5084-7220-1/0175村镇供水工程李龙国50.002014.02978-7-5170-2294-776耕作学龚振平 马春梅38.002013.01978-7-5170-0610-777灌溉排水理论辅导与实践指导书王立洪 姚宝林张旭贤28.002012.05978-7-5084-9880-578土壤物理实验指导程东娟 张亚丽28.002012.03978-7-5084-9431-9全国水利行业规划教材“十三五”“十二五”和“十一五”期间规划教材79农产品检验原理与技术马春梅32.002011.08978-7-5084-8761-8 80节水灌溉技术王立洪 管 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林和振9.502007.06978-7-5084-4627-1400工程水力计算《工程水力计算》课程建设团队37.002017.02978-7-5084-7569-1/01401水利工程图识读与绘制《水利工程图识读与绘制》课程建设团队48.002016.08978-7-5084-8789-2/02402水利工程施工测量《水利工程施工测量》课程建设团队42.002016.07978-7-5084-7811-1/01403水利工程施工资料整编《水利工程施工资料整编》课程建设团队24.002016.02978-7-5084-7804-3404工程水文及水利计算《工程水文及水利计算》课程建设团队39.502016.02978-7-5084-7567-7/01405水利水电工程施工技术《水利水电工程施工技术》课程建设团队45.002016.01978-7-5084-8074-9406《工程水文及水利计算》工学结合案例及技能训练项目集《工程水文及水利计算》课程建设团队30.002016.01978-7-5084-7619-3/01407水利工程经济《水利工程经济》课程建设团队28.002015.01978-7-5084-7805-0408工程项目施工管理《工程项目施工管理》课程建设团队28.002014.06978-7-5084-8070-1409水利水电工程招标投标与标书编制《水利水电工程招标投标与标书编制》课程建设团队28.002014.01978-7-5084-7806-7410水利水电工程施工质量监控技术《水利水电工程施工质量监控技术》课程建设团队24.002013.08978-7-5084-7810-4411管理施工技术实训《管理施工技术实训》课程建设团队42.002013.05978-7-5084-8777-9412建筑材料《建筑材料》课程建设团队36.002013.01978-7-5170-0040-2413水工建筑物《水工建筑物》课程建设团队38.002013.01978-7-5084-7620-9国家示范性高等职业院校建设计划项目——水利水电建筑工程专业课程改革系列教材414水利水电工程地基处理技术《水利水电工程地基处理技术》课程建设团队25.002011.08978-7-5084-8788-5415工程造价综合实训《工程造价综合实训》课程建设团队13.002011.08978-7-5084-8904-9416水利水电工程施工安全监控技术《水利水电工程施工安全监控技术》课程建设团队42.002011.02978-7-5084-8340-5417水利工程识图实训沈 刚 毕守一29.002016.12978-7-5084-7320-8/01 418水工建筑物监测与维护胡昱玲 毕守一34.002016.01978-7-5084-7293-5/01 419水利工程概预算徐凤永27.002015.01978-7-5084-7315-4/01 420水利工程施工监理实务刘军号36.002014.08978-7-5084-7315-4/01 421水力分析与计算陈明杰 潘孝兵23.002011.02978-7-5084-7298-0422水工混凝土结构设计与施工毕守一22.002010.03978-7-5084-7297-3423土坝设计与施工潘孝兵17.002010.03978-7-5084-7325-3 424重力坝设计与施工杨 勇 李方灵14.002010.03978-7-5084-7323-9 425水闸设计与施工宋春发 费成效16.002010.03978-7-5084-7292-8 426泵站设计与施工唐祥胜18.002010.03978-7-5084-7309-3 427小型水工建筑物设计张春娟46.002017.01978-7-5170-5072-8428水利水电工程施工组织与造价赵旭升49.002017.01978-7-5170-5134-3429国际工程项目管理张 宏33.002017.01978-7-5170-5090-2430水利工程施工与造价何祖朋 朱显鸽赵旭升48.002016.12978-7-5170-4983-8431水利工程管理卜贵贤48.002016.08978-7-5170-4624-0 432建筑材料检测与试验杜旭斌35.002016.08978-7-5170-4630-1433现代设施农业工程技术赵 英45.00(估)2017.06434工程建设项目水土保持技术黄梦琪45.00(估)2017.05国家示范院校重点建设专业——水利水电建筑工程专业课程改革系列教材国家示范院校重点建设专业——水利工程专业课程建设成果435水利工程施工技术穆创国40.00(估)2017.05436水利水电工程施工质量监控技术刘儒博38.00(估)2017.04437水利水电工程施工安全监控技术冯 旭38.00(估)2017.03438水电站与水泵站建筑物徐 晶 宋东辉32.002015.01978-7-5084-8241-5 439土工技术张芳枝 梁志松26.002013.08978-7-5084-8783-0440城市水处理厂工艺与运行维护赵奎霞2012.01978-7-5170-3176-5441城镇给排水工程水质检测夏宏生26.002011.09978-7-5084-9017-5 442水轮机组运行与维护李国晓 雷 恒28.002015.08978-7-5170-3408-7443城市水处理厂工艺与运行维护赵奎霞 于 妍29.002015.05978-7-5170-3176-5444建筑材料危加阳36.002015.04978-7-5170-1323-5 445岩土工程勘察技术符第向39.002014.12978-7-5170-3297-7 446水利工程施工技术黄亚梅 张 军45.002014.06978-7-5170-1816-2 447水信息技术刘青娥19.002013.12978-7-5170-1618-2448水利工程概预算晏成明 李扬红陈文红22.002013.12978-7-5170-1585-7449水环境监测技术李 娟32.002013.12978-7-5170-1583-3 450水文水利计算与应用李 娟16.002013.12978-7-5170-1554-3 454水力计算与测试技术张 劲 杨栗晶28.002013.12978-7-5170-1582-6 452港口航道建筑物陈 丹26.002013.12978-7-5170-1584-0453防洪抢险技术曾 越 陈 隽蔡旭东23.002013.12978-7-5170-1370-9454灌溉排水工程李 存 晏成明23.002013.11978-7-5170-1365-5455水利工程施工监理王胜源 黄红万杨付贵36.002013.10978-7-5170-1322-8示范性高等职业院校重点建设专业——水利水电建筑工程专业课程改革系列教材国家骨干高职院校建设项目教材——水利水电建筑工程、水政水资源管理专业456水利工程识图与CAD韩敏琦 杨林林21.002017.01978-7-5170-3446-9/01457水工建筑物石 青 杨爱荣33.002014.05978-7-5170-1958-9458水利工程施工技术——专项施工篇张海文 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水利水电工程专业英语——水文与水资源篇

水利水电工程专业英语——水文与水资源篇

水利水电工程专业英语——水文与水资源篇1。

Hydrological Cycle and Budget1。

水文循环与预算Hydrology is an earth science。

It encompasses the occurrence, distribution,movement, and properties of the waters of the earth and their environmental relations。

Closely allied fields include geology,climatology, meteorology and oceanography。

水文学是一门地球科学。

它包含地球水资源的发生、分布、运动和特质,以及其环境关系。

与之密切相关领域包括地质学,气候学,气象学和海洋学。

The hydrologic cycle is a continuous process by which water is transported from the oceans to the atmosphere to the land and back to the sea. Many sub—cycles exist。

The evaporation of inland water and its subsequent precipitation over land before returning to the ocean is one example. The driving force for the global water transport system is provided by the sun,which furnishes the energy required for evaporation。

Note that the water quality also changes during passage through the cycle; for example, sea water is converted to fresh water through evaporation。

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