英文翻译2

翻译2
原文:
The name is etymologically derived from τρέφωtrepho, "to nourish". Strabo and several inscriptions refer to him as Zeus Trephonios. Several other chthonic Zeuses are known from the Greek world, including Zeus
ΜειλίχιοςMeilikhios("honeyed" or "kindly" Zeus), and Zeus ΧθόνιοςChthonios ("Zeus beneath-the-earth"). Similar constructions are also found in the Roman world: for example, a shrine at Lavinium in Lazio was dedicated to Aeneas under the title Iuppiter Indiges (Jupiter in-the-earth).
In Greek mythology, Trophonius was a son of Erginus. According to the Homeric Hymn to Apollo, he built Apollo's temple at the oracle at Delphi with his brother, Agamedes. Once finished, the oracle told the brothers to do whatsoever they wished for six days and, on the seventh, their greatest wish would be granted. They did and were found dead on the seventh day. The saying "those whom the gods love die young" comes from this story.
Alternatively, according to Pausanias they built a treasure chamber (with secret entrance only they knew about) for King Hyrieus of Boeotia. Using the secret entrance, they stole Hyrieus' fortune. He was aware but did not know who the thief was; he laid a snare. Agamedes was trapped in it; Trophonius cut off his head so that Hyrieus would not know who the body in the snare was. He then fled into the cavern at Lebadaea, and disappeared forever.
The cave of Trophonius was not discovered again until the Lebadaeans suffered a plague, and consulted
the Delphic Oracle. The Pythia advised them that an unnamed hero was angry at being neglected, and that they should find his grave and offer him worship forthwith. Several unsuccessful searches followed, and the plague continued unabated until a shepherd boy followed a trail of bees into a hole in the ground. Instead of honey, he found a daimon, and Lebadaea lost its plague while gaining a popular oracle.
The childless Xuthus in Euripides's Ion consults Trophonius on his way to Delphi.
Apollonius of Tyana, a legendary wise man and seer of Late Antiquity, once visited the shrine and found that, when it came to philosophy, Trophonius was a proponent of sound Pythagorean doctrines.
Plutarch's De Genio Socratis relates an elaborate dream-vision concerning the cosmos and the afterlife that was supposedly received at Trophonius's oracle.
Pausanias, in his account of Boeotia (9.39), relates many details about the cult of Trophonius. Whoever desired to consult the oracle would live in a designated house for a period of days, bathing in the river Herkyna and living on sacrificial meat. He would then sacrifice, by day, to a series of gods,
including Cronus, Apollo, Zeus the king, Hera the Charioteer, and Demeter-Europa. At night, he would cast a black victim into a pit sacred to Agamedes, drink from two rivers called Lethe and Mnemosyne, and then
descend into a cave. Here, most consultees were frightened out of their wits, and forgot the experience entirely upon coming up.
Afterward, the consultee would be seated upon a chair of Mnemosyne, where the priests of the shrine would record his ravings and compose an oracle out of them.
"To descend into the cave of Trophonios" became a proverbial way of saying "to suffer a great fright". This saying is alluded to in Aristophanes's Clouds.
Several ancient philosophers, including Heraclides Ponticus, wrote commentaries on the cult of Trophonios that are now sadly lost. Trophonios has been of interest to classical scholars because the rivers
of Lethe and Mnemosyne have close parallels with the Myth of Er at the end of Plato's Republic, with a series of Orphic funerary inscriptions on gold leaves, and with several passages about Memory and forgetting
in Hesiod's Theogony. The Hellfire Club once constructed a "Cave of Trophonius" with obscene wall-paintings in which to conduct their revels. The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche calls himself a "Trophonios" in the preface to his Daybreak, alluding to his labor in the underground of moral prejudices.
翻译:
词源和并行邪教[编辑]
语源上的名字是源自τρέφωtrepho,“滋养”。

斯特拉博,称他为宙斯Trephonios的铭文。

其他几个神秘的宙斯被从希腊世界,包括宙斯ΜειλίχιοςMeilikhios(“甜如蜜的”或“请”宙斯),和宙斯ΧθόνιοςChthonios(“宙斯在地表”)。

类似的结构还发现在罗马世界:例如,一个神社在拉齐奥Lavinium致力于以尼雅标题下Iuppiter激起了(木星在地上)。

在神话Trophonius[编辑]
在希腊神话中,Trophonius Erginus的儿子。

据荷马赞美诗阿波罗,他建立了特尔斐阿波罗神庙的和他的兄
弟,Agamedes。

一旦完成,甲骨文告诉两兄弟去做任何他们想要六天,第七,他们最大的愿望是理所当然。

他们被发现死在第七天。

的说:“上帝爱英年早逝”来自于这个故事。

另外,根据波塞尼亚斯他们建造一个宝藏室(秘密入口只有他们知道)国王Hyrieus皮奥夏。

使用的秘密入口,他们偷了Hyrieus的财富。

他知道,但不知道小偷是谁,他设下网罗。

Agamedes被困在它;Trophonius砍下他的头,以免Hyrieus知道陷阱的身体是谁。

然后他逃到洞穴Lebadaea,永远消失了。

的洞穴Trophonius又没有发现,直到Lebadaeans遭遇瘟疫,并咨询了德尔斐神谕。

皮提亚建议他们,一位不愿透露姓名的英雄很生气在被忽视,而且他们应该找到他的坟墓,立即给他敬拜。

几个失败的搜索之后,瘟疫继续有增无减,直到一个牧羊人男孩沿着一条小路的蜜蜂到地上的一个洞。

而不是蜂蜜,他发现了一个恶魔,Lebadaea失去了瘟疫而获得一个受欢迎的甲骨文。

无子女的苏托斯在欧里庇得斯的离子咨询Trophonius Delphi。

阿波罗郎尼亚斯,近古时代的传奇智者和先见,一旦,发现参拜了靖国神社,在哲学,Trophonius是一个声音毕达哥拉斯学说的支持者。

普鲁塔克的Genio Socratis涉及精心dream-vision本来是收到的关于宇宙和来世Trophonius的甲骨文。

在崇拜Trophonius[编辑]
波塞尼亚斯,在他的皮奥夏(9.39),涉及许多细节Trophonius的崇拜。

谁想要咨询,oracle将生活在一个指定的一段日子,在河里洗澡Herkyna和生活在牺牲肉。

他会牺牲,白天,一系列的神,包括克罗诺斯,阿波罗,宙斯,赫拉的御者,和Demeter-Europa。

在晚上,他会把一个黑色的受害者在坑里神圣Agamedes,喝两条河流分别称为忘却和摩涅莫辛涅,然后陷入一个山洞。

在这里,大部分顾问都吓死他们了,完全忘记了体验了。

之后,顾问将坐在椅子上的摩涅莫辛涅,的牧师圣殿会记录他的胡言乱语,组成一个oracle。

Trophonius在古典传统[编辑]
“陷入Trophonios的洞穴”成为了一个众所周知的方式说“遭受大恐慌”。

这说的是之前在阿里斯托芬的云。

一些古代哲学家,包括Heraclides Ponticus,写评论的崇拜Trophonios现在遗憾的输了。

Trophonios一直感兴趣的古典学者因为忘却的河流和摩涅莫辛涅密切与Er的神话在柏拉图的共和国,一系列神秘的葬礼的铭文黄金树叶,和一些文章关于记忆和遗忘在赫西奥德的神谱。

地狱火俱乐部曾经建造了一个“洞穴Trophonius”用淫秽的壁画进行狂欢。

哲学家弗里德里希·尼采自称为“Trophonios”序言黎明,暗指他在地下劳动的道德偏见。