啤酒灌装生产线的PLC控制系统
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啤酒灌装生产线的 PLC 控制系统设计
摘要
本次论文设计在现有的啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的基础上，通过对自动控 制系统的研究设计出一套基于 PLC 与变频器控制的啤酒罐装生产线控制系统。 论文首先说明了课题的意义，国内外发展的状况，课题研究的内容以及关于啤 酒灌装生产线运动的控制要求。接着，根据啤酒的生化特性，设计出适合啤酒 灌装的啤酒灌装机，也对灌装机的灌装过程做了一定简要的说明。然后设计出 一个包含传送带与灌装机的灌装生产线工艺图，再根据控制要求采用 PLC 作为 控制器设计出实现啤酒灌装生产过程的控制电路。本文对灌装控制过程中涉及 到的各个细节进行了详细的论述，尤其在速度控制调节进行了大量的说明。在 详细的说明了整个灌装控制过程的同时，最后还给出了实现整个控制过程的程 序。程序设计是按照控制实现不同的功能进行分块作为子程序来设计的。由于 啤酒生产线的速度调节没有连接实物，没有速度反馈进行比较调节，无法做到 对速度的恒速控制仿真，在最后章节中仅对啤酒灌装机内液面进行模拟仿真。
Key Words: PLC The inverter Production line process design Control
circuit The program The simulation
目录
第一章 绪论.................................................................................................................................... 1
2.3.1 灌装原理的分析........................................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 罐装机的设计............................................................................................................... 4 2.3.3 罐装机工作过程........................................................................................................... 5
第三章 啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计......................................................................................6
3.1 啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计图............................................................................................ 6 3.2 灌装过程俯视平面图............................................................................................................ 6 3.3 星轮与旋转灌装机同步转动设计.............................................................................ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu.......... 7
关键字： PLC 变频器 生产线设计工艺图 控制线路 程序 仿真
The Design of PLC Control System of Beer Production Line
ABSTRACT
Based on the present control system of canned beer production line, this paper works out a production line control system by adopting modern automatic control methods. It is in the light of PLC and the control of frequency converter. In the first place, the paper sets out the significance of this subject, and then its development at home and abroad. In addition, the content of this subject and the requirement of canned beer production line’s movement are included in it. According to beer’s
4.3.1 对传送带速度控制的分析......................................................................................... 11 4.3.2 对灌装机旋转速度控制的分析................................................................................. 11 4.3.3 对液缸内液位控制的分析......................................................................................... 11 4.3.4 控制电路的设计......................................................................................................... 12 4.4 输入输出 I/O 分配............................................................................................................... 14 4.5 控制电路设备的端子接线及参数设置.............................................................................. 15 4.5.1 编码器......................................................................................................................... 16 4.5.2 变频器接线及其参数设置......................................................................................... 16
第四章 啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的电路设计................................................................... 9
4.1 啤酒罐装生产线的控制要求................................................................................................ 9 4.2 主电路的分析与设计............................................................................................................ 9 4.3 控制电路的分析与设计...................................................................................................... 11
第二章 啤酒特性及其灌装原理的分析................................................................................. 3
2.1 啤酒的物理特性.................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 啤酒罐装方法选择................................................................................................................ 3 2.3 灌装原理分析及灌装机的设计............................................................................................ 4
biochemical characteristics, the design of a beer filler comes out, with a simple instruction of the process of filling. Next, this paper designs a production line chart containing conveyer belt and filler. According to the control requirements, it carries out a control circuit adapting PLC as the controller. Except for the detailed process of filling, this paper presents the routine of process and its emulation, especially in speed control adjustment. The routine is classified based on different functions. Short of the physical model and speed feedback, the speed adjustment of beer production line can’t carry out a constant-speed control. Therefore, this paper only simulates cylinder of the beer filler in the last chapter.
1.1 课题研究的意义.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外发展状况.................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 本课题的研究内容................................................................................................................ 2
摘要
本次论文设计在现有的啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的基础上，通过对自动控 制系统的研究设计出一套基于 PLC 与变频器控制的啤酒罐装生产线控制系统。 论文首先说明了课题的意义，国内外发展的状况，课题研究的内容以及关于啤 酒灌装生产线运动的控制要求。接着，根据啤酒的生化特性，设计出适合啤酒 灌装的啤酒灌装机，也对灌装机的灌装过程做了一定简要的说明。然后设计出 一个包含传送带与灌装机的灌装生产线工艺图，再根据控制要求采用 PLC 作为 控制器设计出实现啤酒灌装生产过程的控制电路。本文对灌装控制过程中涉及 到的各个细节进行了详细的论述，尤其在速度控制调节进行了大量的说明。在 详细的说明了整个灌装控制过程的同时，最后还给出了实现整个控制过程的程 序。程序设计是按照控制实现不同的功能进行分块作为子程序来设计的。由于 啤酒生产线的速度调节没有连接实物，没有速度反馈进行比较调节，无法做到 对速度的恒速控制仿真，在最后章节中仅对啤酒灌装机内液面进行模拟仿真。
Key Words: PLC The inverter Production line process design Control
circuit The program The simulation
目录
第一章 绪论.................................................................................................................................... 1
2.3.1 灌装原理的分析........................................................................................................... 4 2.3.2 罐装机的设计............................................................................................................... 4 2.3.3 罐装机工作过程........................................................................................................... 5
第三章 啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计......................................................................................6
3.1 啤酒灌装生产线的工艺设计图............................................................................................ 6 3.2 灌装过程俯视平面图............................................................................................................ 6 3.3 星轮与旋转灌装机同步转动设计.............................................................................ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu.......... 7
关键字： PLC 变频器 生产线设计工艺图 控制线路 程序 仿真
The Design of PLC Control System of Beer Production Line
ABSTRACT
Based on the present control system of canned beer production line, this paper works out a production line control system by adopting modern automatic control methods. It is in the light of PLC and the control of frequency converter. In the first place, the paper sets out the significance of this subject, and then its development at home and abroad. In addition, the content of this subject and the requirement of canned beer production line’s movement are included in it. According to beer’s
4.3.1 对传送带速度控制的分析......................................................................................... 11 4.3.2 对灌装机旋转速度控制的分析................................................................................. 11 4.3.3 对液缸内液位控制的分析......................................................................................... 11 4.3.4 控制电路的设计......................................................................................................... 12 4.4 输入输出 I/O 分配............................................................................................................... 14 4.5 控制电路设备的端子接线及参数设置.............................................................................. 15 4.5.1 编码器......................................................................................................................... 16 4.5.2 变频器接线及其参数设置......................................................................................... 16
第四章 啤酒灌装生产线控制系统的电路设计................................................................... 9
4.1 啤酒罐装生产线的控制要求................................................................................................ 9 4.2 主电路的分析与设计............................................................................................................ 9 4.3 控制电路的分析与设计...................................................................................................... 11
第二章 啤酒特性及其灌装原理的分析................................................................................. 3
2.1 啤酒的物理特性.................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 啤酒罐装方法选择................................................................................................................ 3 2.3 灌装原理分析及灌装机的设计............................................................................................ 4
biochemical characteristics, the design of a beer filler comes out, with a simple instruction of the process of filling. Next, this paper designs a production line chart containing conveyer belt and filler. According to the control requirements, it carries out a control circuit adapting PLC as the controller. Except for the detailed process of filling, this paper presents the routine of process and its emulation, especially in speed control adjustment. The routine is classified based on different functions. Short of the physical model and speed feedback, the speed adjustment of beer production line can’t carry out a constant-speed control. Therefore, this paper only simulates cylinder of the beer filler in the last chapter.
1.1 课题研究的意义.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 国内外发展状况.................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 本课题的研究内容................................................................................................................ 2