高考英语语法复习非谓语动词讲义
高考英语语法专题复习讲义-非谓语动词
第二章非谓语动词一、考点聚焦2、动词不定式复心中应注意的几个问题（1）不定式作表语与“be + to do sth.”的异同。
不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。
His job is to guard.(说明内容)be + to do sth.(表示按计划要做的事)（2）带不定式作宾语的词语。
下列词语常不定式作宾语：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire 等。
下列动词后可接疑问词+不定式：teach、decide、wonder、show、learn、forget、ask、find、out、advise、discuss等。
（3）如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。
①动词see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、have 等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to,此时的不定式就是主语补足语。
②常用带不定式作宾补的几种情况：主语+ ask / require / tell / order / force / get / want / like + sb.to do sth.③主语+ think / judge / suppose / believe / consider /imagine/consider / feel + sb. + to be/ to have done④主语+ call on / upon / depend on / wait for / ask for + sb.+ to do sth.（4）不定式作定语的特殊用法。
①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance、wish、right、cou rage、need、promise、time、opportunity、way、the first、the second、the last、the only等。
高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义
高考英语：非谓语动词考点精华讲义高三的一轮复习已经进行了一大半，许多同学做题依然错误百出，其中一个重要原因是不能看懂句子结构，甚至分不清谓语动词和非谓语动词。
今天分享一下我总结的非谓语动词复习讲义，希望能够帮助大家更好地掌握这一重要的语法专题。
一、分类：动词不定式、动词-ing形式、动词的过去分词总的特点：1.非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。
2.Doing/T o do (sth.)+单数V : 非谓语动词作主语，谓语用单数。
二、动词不定式1、特点：表将来2、形式：①基本型：to+动词原形（do）。
②被动式：to be done ③完成时:to have done ④进行时：to be doing3、句子功能：主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语（宾补）Eg: ①To catch the early train, you`ll have to get up early.(目的状语)②I rushed there in a taxi only to find the library closed.(结果状语：意外结果)。
③This is very good music to dance to.(定语)④It is necessary to learn English well.(主语，it 为形式主语)4、不定式的省略1）（为了避免重复）并列结构中第二个to：I want to get up early and read English.例外：前后表对比时，to不可省去:To be or not to be ,that is the question.It is better to lose one’s life than to lose one’s spirit.2) （为了避免重复）省去to后的不定式结构：—Would you liketo go shopping?—Yes,I`d like to.例外：to后有have/be时，保留be或have—Did you go shopping yesterday? —No, but I ought to have.5、不定式主动形式表被动意义1）主(sth)+ be + 主补/表语（表性质的adj. + to do）2) 主＋Vt + 宾语 + 宾补（adj.+ to do)3) 主 + Vt+ 宾语+定语(to do): 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词（代词）构成逻辑动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。
高考英语非谓语动词高三语法复习---非谓语动词--经典学案讲义
高考英语非谓语动词高三语法复习---非谓语动词经典学案讲义高三语法复习---非谓语动词非谓语动词包括不定式，动名词和分词。
它们是高中所学的基础语法，也是高考必考内容。
既是高考的难点又是高考的热点。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：①具有句子结构的知识，会分析句子成分。
④具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析复合句和长难句五种句型：1. 主+ 系+ 表We are students.2. 主语+动词（不及物）We work.3. 主语+动词（及物）+宾语He plays the piano.4.主语+动词（及物）+直接宾语+间接宾语She gave me a pen.5. 主语+动词（及物）+宾语+宾语补足语He made the boy laugh. We call him Jack We elected him chairman.（有些动词后面只能用Ving 做宾语，有些只能用不定式做宾语，有些两者皆可。
必须弄清以下常考词的搭配、意义及区别）A:不定式做宾语练习(解题技巧：记忆动词搭配, 做题事半功倍)：1 To tell you the truth, I’d rather read than watch television; the programs seem _____ all the time.A. to get worseB. to be getting worseC. to have got worseD. getting worse2 I don't know whether you happen ______ it , but I'm going to study in the U.S.A. this September.A. to be heardB. to be hearingC. to hearD. to have heard3. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ______ everything.A.to tellB. to be toldC. to be tellingD. to have been told4 Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ______ whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen5 When his father came back, the boy pretended ________his homework.A doingB to doC to doingD to be doingB 动名词做宾语练习：1 . I am busy _____ for the entrance examination, so I can’t help _____ housework at home.A. preparing; doingB. preparing; to doC. to prepare; doingD. to prepare; to do2 Whatever trouble Mr. White had ____ with the case, he would stick to his own opinion.A. dealB. to dealC. dealtD. dealing3 The woman found it no good _____ her daughter too much money.A. givingB. being givenC. givenD. gave4 Rather than ___ on a crowded bus ,he always perfers ___ a bicycle.A ride ;rideB riding ; rideC ride ; to rideD to ride ; riding5 Tony was very unhappy for ______ to the party.A. having not been invitedB. not having invitedC. having not invitedD. not having been invited6 One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.A. correctB. correctingC. correctsD. to correct7 I really appreciate ______ to relax with you on this nice island.A. to have had timeB. have timeC. to have timeD. having time8 Sandy could do nothing but ______ teacher that he was wrong.A. admitB. admittedC. admittingD. to admit9 Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children.A. set upB. setting upC. have set upD. having set up10 In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving ______ theirproducts more competitive.A. to makeB. makingC. to have madeD. having made）11 Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.A. his being not ableB. him not to be ableC. his not being ableD. him to be not able12 The first thing that probably needs _____is to ask your mother’s advice.A to doB to be doneC being doneD be done13 I had no choice but ________.A do as you tell meB to do as you told meC to do what you’ll sayD doing as you say14 Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday.A have been missingB have got lostC be missingD get lost15 They look forward with hope ________ a chance to receive further education.A of gettingB to getC to gettingD in getting宾语补足语的区别：练习：(解题技巧：记固定搭配，辩逻辑关系)A 固定句型sb/sth be said/believed/ reported/ considered/ thought to do /to be doing /to have done 要分清练习：1 Linda is thought to_____ in Africa, but I really don’t know what country she’s working in.A. have workedB. workC. be workingD. be worked2 Robert is said _____ abroad ,but I don’t know what country he studied in.A to have studiedB to studyC to be studyingD to have been studying3 The flu is believed ______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A. causingB. being causedC. to be causedD. to have caused4 John Bell was generally considered ________ the first telephone.A inventingB to inventC having inventedD to have invented.B 弄清以下搭配及其意义1.感官动词see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, notice等后面的宾补有3种形式（do/doing/done），doing表主动或正在进行，done表被动或完成，do表主动和完成（被动句中to 还原）。
高中英语高考复习非谓语动词知识讲解
高考英语非谓语动词知识讲解一、概念非谓语动词，又叫非限定动词，非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。
非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的其他成分。
从这个定义来看，简单来说，非谓语动词就是不是谓语的动词。
这听起来像是废话，但是我们必须有明确什么是谓语动词，在前面，我们已经说清楚了。
句子只能有一个谓语动词，那么其余的动词都是非谓语动词。
谓语动词就好比皇帝，非谓语动词，就相当于他身边的奴才。
这么一说，我们就很好理解了。
一般来说，非谓语动词通常有以下三种形式：二、三种形式（一）动名词（doing）动名词指的是动词ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词（即非谓语动词）。
它可以支配宾语，也能被副词修饰，动名词有时态和语态的变化。
动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语，但是不能充当状语。
从上面的定义中，我们可以很清楚知道动名词，顾名思义就是兼有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
在小学和中学的课程中，我们学习动名词做主语这个语法现象比较普遍。
大部分人也是从这个时候开始知道有动名词这个概念。
那么动名词究竟是动词，还是名词?前面已经说过，它是非谓语动词的一种形式，只不过他有动词和名词两种词性的作用。
故它是动词。
那么他竟然是动词自然有动词的性质，而且它可以充当名词有名词的作用，那么名词的作用，它也都有，它可以在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语和定语。
也就是名词能干的事，它也能干。
（二）不定式（to do）动词不定式，为非谓语动词。
在英语语法中，动词不定式是指动词中的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态的一种形式。
它之所以被称做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词性变化所局限。
不定式属于非谓语动词形式。
根据国外和国内语法学家的研究，所谓不定式，其作用就是相当于情态动词加动词原形的形式。
为什么要这样说呢？因为他们都有相同的特征，以下：第一，原形can/may/could/would do sth.= to do sth.第二，都可表示不确定语气。
高三英语一轮语法复习之非谓语动词写作指导讲义
非谓语动词写作指导第一局部：非谓语动词在剧中所做成分一、非谓语动词作状语George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.乔治战后归来，却被告知他的妻子已经离他而去。
One evening Harry phoned me, asking me to come to his flat as soon as possible.一天晚上哈里给我打，要求我尽快去他家。
Seriously injured, he had to be taken to hospital immediately.因为受伤较重，他得被立即送往医院。
二、非谓语动词作宾语She pretended not to see me when I passed by.当我经过时，她假装没看见我。
I still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。
三、非谓语动词作宾补I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。
I was surprised to find my hometown changed so much.发现我的家乡变化如此之大我感到很惊奇。
I saw him go upstairs.我看到他上楼了。
四、非谓语动词作定语Laura was away in Paris fbr over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail waitingfor her.劳拉去巴黎待了一周多的时间。
非谓语动词考点精讲精练(含答案) 讲义--2023届高考英语一轮复习
胆置黑词考，牖讲含蜜g)讲义非谓语动词是高考语法填空和短文改错必考热点语法工程之一。
现结合典型考题对非谓语动词的考点进行梳理和总结，帮助大家明确考点，找出解题规律和方法。
一、考查非谓语动词作主语能作主语的非谓语动词有不定式和动名词。
两者的区别是：表示某一具体的动作时、多用不定式；表示比拟抽象的一般的行为倾向时，多用动名词。
当动名词或不定式短语较长时，常用it作形式主语放在句首而把动名词或不定式短语放于句末。
(典例】(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.解析：Ignoring。
分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语动词是will be,因此前面局部是主语，应该使用动名词短语作主语。
二、考查非谓语动词作宾语不定式和动名词都可作动词或介词的宾语。
有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，如want, wish, hope, manage, demand, promise, refuse, pretend, plan, offer, decide, agree, expect等。
有些动词后只跟动名词作宾语，如admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest, deny, stand 等。
有些动词或动词短语后既可以跟不定式，又可以跟动名词作宾语，如forget, remember, regret, mean, try, go on等，但意义上有区别。
[典例1 ] I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.解析：wear改为wearing”介词by后应接动名词作宾语。
高中英语一轮复习非谓语动词讲义
非谓语动词 1.知道非谓语和谓语之间的区别2.掌握ing 、done 、to do 的不同用法3. .了解非谓语在句子都能做什么成分 [解读要点]（状语、定语、宾语、宾补、主语、表语）Many Chinese brands ，having developed their reputations over centuries ，are facing new challenges from the modern market.很多中国品牌历经几个世纪树立了声誉，它们正面临着当代市场带来的新挑战。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.在我们准备在月球上长住之前，还有很多问题仍需要解决。
[先试做题组]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save (save) their valuable time.2．The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment ， to allow (allow) more patients to be treated.[再解读要点]1．不定式作状语（to do ）作目的状语，可用in order to 替换，意为“为了；想要”。
To make it easier to get in touch with us ，you 'd better keep this card at hand.为了便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。
2．分词作状语非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。
现在分词（doing ）作状语时，现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。
高考英语二轮复习语法填空之非谓语动词题讲义
如何解决非谓语动词？非谓语动词是高中英语语法中的重要部分，也是语法填空的必考点。
非谓语动词包括不定式、过去分词、动词－ing形式(包括现在分词、动名词)。
主要考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、分析句子成分的能力。
近年来高考越来越倾向于通过增加试题难度来考查考生对非谓语动词的掌握情况，难度有所上升。
做题的时候，如果看到括号里给的是动词，请先仔细阅读句子，观察结构，判断使用什么形式。
若划线处应填非谓语动词（即句中已有谓语动词，也不是作并列谓语动词或从句谓语动词），先判断所作成分，之后再考虑运用何种形式。
非谓语动词的形式及句法功能I作状语非谓语作状语时，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。
1.现在分词作状语现在分词作状语，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系（主动）。
His parents died, leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，他成了孤儿。
2.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系（被动）。
Seriously injured, she has to be sent to hospital at once.她受了重伤，必须马上送往医院。
[注意] 主动、被动最好不要通过汉语意思来理解，判断时考虑动词及物不及物。
部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动，而表示一种状态。
需要作为词组特别记忆。
常见的词和短语有：located, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed/buried in, dressed in, tired of, faced with。
3.不定式作状语(1)作目的状语，意为“为了；以便”。
To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能。
(2)用于only to do结构中，作结果状语。
高考英语专题《非谓语动词讲解》 (全面详细)精品课件
2. Our work is serving the people. 表语
3. I remember being taken to Wuhan when I was a very small child. 宾语
4. We have a swimming poor in the back
yard.
定语
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动名词与不定式作主语，表语的区别 动名词作主语时往往表示一般性的、习惯性的动 作；而不定式作主语则表示在具体情况下特定的 或一次性的动作。但有时可以通用。
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只能用动名词作宾语的动词
1.advise, allow, avoid, admit, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, risk, suggest, appreciate
主动(vt.) 被动(vt.) 主动(vi.) 被动(vi.)
一般式 to do to be done to do
/
进行式 to be
/
to be
/
doing
doing
完成式 to have to have to have
/
done been do式是指带 to 的动词原形( 使用中有时不带 to ) (一) 作主语 To see is to believe. To see you is glad.=It is glad to see you. （二）作宾语 I want to see you. （三）作表语 My hope is to see you.
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动名词（主、宾、定、表）
主动 被 动 主动 被 动
高考英语非谓语动词精品讲义
高考英语非谓语动词讲义第一部分、非谓语动词种类及句法功能（一）概述在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
1、非谓语动词与谓语动词的相同点有：1）如果是及物动词都可与宾语连用，例如：They built a garden.They suggested building a garden.2）都可以被状语修饰：The suit fits him very well.The suit used to fit him very well.3）都有主动与被动, “体”式（一般式；进行式；完成式）的变化。
例如：He was punished by his parents.（谓语动词被动语态）He avoided being punished by his parents.（动名词的被动式）We have written the composition.（谓语动词的完成时）Having written the composition, we handed it in.（现在分词的完成式）4）都可以有逻辑主语They started the work at once.（谓语动词的逻辑主语）The boss ordered them to start the work.（动词不定式的逻辑主语）We are League members.（谓语动词的主语）We being League member, the work was well done.（现在分词的逻辑主语）2、非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：1）非谓语动词可以有名词作用（如动词不定式和动名词），在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2）非谓语动词可以有形容词作用（如动词不定式和分词），在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
高考英语语法专题复习：非谓语动词讲义(不定式、动名词
高中英语语法专题复习03 非谓语动词（不定式、动名词&现在分词、过去分词）非谓语动词谓语动词在句子中有三种作用：1. 表示动作的时间，tense (时)2. 表示动作的状态，aspect (体)3. 表示动作的语气，mood (气)谓语动词的“时体气”，通过动词变位实现。
例如，The rabbit ate a carrot.The rabbit is eating a carrot.The rabbit has eaten a carrot.谓语动词在句子中受到主语的限制，随之出现了时态和人称的变化，成为一种被限定了的动词，所以也被称为限定性动词(finite verb)。
与之相对的，不受主语限制的动词，称为非限定性动词(non-finite verb)，也就是非谓语动词。
非谓语动词不具备表达时态和人称的作用。
例如，I like to eat carrot.I liked eating carrot.The rabbit likes minced carrot.非谓语动词有四种形式：1. 不定式 infinitive2. 动名词 gerund3. 现在分词 present participle4. 过去分词 past participle谓语动词是简单句的核心动词，非谓语动词只可能出现在其他的句子成分中。
1. 主语例：Swimming makes us hale and hearty.2. 宾语例：Janet suddenly stopped talking.3. 表语/主语补语例：Her wish is to become a doctor in the future.4. 宾语补语例：I invited him to come here.5. 定语例：Don't disturb the sleeping dog.6. 状语例：He went to the supermarket to buy a pen.不定式、动名词句子的核心动词只能由谓语动词充当，而非谓语动词可以充当句子的其他成分。
高考英语考点精析复习讲义-非谓语动词
第七讲非谓语动词典型例题近年来，高考试题中主要考查了v-ing 形式作原因状语、伴随状语、结果状语的情况。
高考试题中也曾出现过对于补足语的考查，考题设计巧妙、灵活、综合性强。
这要求考生正确理解题意，从语法结构、习惯用法及具体语境等多方面进行分析。
不能孤立地看某一语法知识，而要弄懂整个句子，并通过所给的信息进行分析、推理，从而作出正确的判断。
1．考查非谓语动词的试题常常考查一些常用动词以及特殊动词对其后非谓语动词的形式(不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式)的不同要求。
有时也涉及到非谓语动词的完成式和否定式。
在做非谓语试题时可以分三个步骤：(1)分析句子成分；(2)搞清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系；(3)确定行为时间及先后顺序等。
2．高考对非谓语动词的测试方向：(1)不定式的完成式、被动式和进行式；(2)不定式的省略；(3)测试只能接动名词的动词和接动名词、不定式有区别的动词的用法；(4)现在分词作宾补、作定语、作状语的用法；(5)测试非谓语动词的否定式。
应试同分瓶颈1．非谓语动词的用法是一个系统性、综合性很强的语言点，切不可记住几个条条框框就去乱套。
真正领悟非谓语动词的用法要具备以下基础知识：(1)具有句子结构的知识，要分得清简单句与复合句，陈述句与祈使句。
(2)具有简单句最基本的五种句型的知识，要分得清双宾语和复合宾语。
(3)具有扎实而丰富的动词知识，要分得清及物动词和不及物动词，双宾动词和复宾动词。
一些最基础最常用的动词的用法应当烂熟于胸。
(4)具备各种复合句的知识，能够拆析s。
词左右长度的复合长、难句。
2．解答考查非谓语动词的题目时，一定要保持头脑冷静。
一般要遵循以下解题思路：(1)解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；(2)找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；(3)搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式；(4)将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
高中英语非谓语动词讲解(共61张PPT)
物动词的话，后应跟着一个相应的介词，但如果被修饰的是 place、time、way 就除外。 如：We must rent a house to live in.
That is a very good place to live.
在学习动词不定式的时候还有两点要注意哦！
1、“一感二听三让四看见”，要用省to的不定 式作宾补,但变为被动句时，要加上to, 如
e.g. 1）We hear him sing in the next room. He is heard to sing in the next room.
（feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice , look at, have , make, let）
What ∕ How about doing 做某事怎么样?
此tto doing sth.（盼望） pay attention to doing sth.（注意） be used to doing sth. （习惯于） prefer doing sth to doing sth （宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 ） devote to doing sth （致力于）
牛刀小试
1. My mother often asks me __D___ some cleaning on Sundays
区分下列词组:
see sb. doing/ do sth. hear sb. doing/ do sth. watch sb. doing/ do sth. notice sb. doing/ do sth.
感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel
非谓语动词语法讲义高考英语一轮复习
非谓语动词在英语中，不能充当句子谓语，而是担任其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词，也称非限定动词。
非谓语动词是高中最重要的语法项目，是历年高考的常考点，非谓语动词包括其三种基本形式，六种主要成分。
一、三种基本形式：动词不定式动词ing形式过去分词:（1）表泛指意义的行为时，多用动名词作主语；表具体的行为或将来的行为，必须用动词不定式作主语，且谓语动词都用单数。
Smoking is prohibited here．这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)（2）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.It would be best to tell him the truth..动名词用作后置形式主语的情况远远不及不定式那么普通，实际上动名词这种后置形式只限于下列名词或形容词后面。
在good, fun, use, time等名词的后边。
It is no good helping him. He doesn’t help himself.(他自己不争气)It is great fun preparing for a party.It is no use arguing with you.It is a waste of time watching such a lot of TV.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别:(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither．次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
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非谓语动词非谓语动词的核心考点1.动词不定式复习中应注意的几个问题(1)不定式作表语与“be＋to do sth. ”的异同。
不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。
My job is to teach English.(说明内容)be＋to do sth. (表示按计划要做的事)He is to go abroad.(2)后接不定式作宾语的词语。
下列词语常接不定式作宾语：afford，promise，refuse，expect，hope，learn，offer，wish，want，fail，plan，agree，forget，like，prefer，decide，manage，try，arrange，determine，desire等。
下列词语后可接“疑问词＋不定式”：teach，decide，wonder，show，learn，forget，ask，find out，advise，discuss等。
(3)如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。
①动词(短语)see，watch，notice，hear，listen to，observe，feel，taste，smell，make，let，have等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to，此时的不定式就是主语补足语。
②常用不定式作宾补的几种情况：主语＋ask/require/tell/order/force/get/want/like＋sb. to do sth.主语＋think/judge/suppose/believe/consider/imagine/feel＋sb. ＋to be/to have done主语＋call on/upon/depend on/wait for/ask for＋sb. ＋to do sth.(4)不定式作定语的特殊用法。
①下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance，wish，right，courage，need，promise，time，opportunity，way，the first，the second，the last，the only等。
②不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。
There is no one to look after her.③不定式与被修饰的名词在逻辑上有动宾关系。
She is now looking for a room to live in.(5)不定式作状语的用法。
不定式作状语，在句中主要表示目的、结果、原因等。
only to do表示出人意料的结果。
We hurried to the classroom only to find none there.in order (not) to，so as (not) to用来引导目的状语；enough...to，so...as to do，such＋名词...as to do作结果状语。
The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.I’m not such a fool as to believe that.(6)不定式的完成时的特殊用法。
①表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发生的动作。
The novel was said to have been published.I regret to have been with you for so many years.seem，appear，be said，be supposed，be believed，be thought，be known，be reported 等动词常用于上面句型。
此外，glad、happy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed后也接完成时，但要注意与一般时的区别。
I’m sorry to keep you waiting for a minute.对不起，请稍等。
(说话时还未等) I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。
(说话时已等了很久)②不定式的完成时还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟语气。
(A)should like to/would like to/would love to＋完成时。
(B)was/were to＋不定式的完成时，表示该做某事或想做但未实现。
(C)expected/hoped/meant/promised/supposed/thought/wanted/wished＋不定式的完成时，表示过去未曾实现的愿望。
(7)不定式的省略。
①同一结构并列由and或or连接。
I want to finish my homework and go home.I’m really puzzled what to think or say.特例：To be or not to be，this is a question.It is better to laugh than to cry.(表示对比)②不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有do时，后面的to省略。
What he did was lose the game.③句中含有动词do时，but，except，besides，such as等后面的to可省略。
即“前有do，后省to”。
Don’t do anything silly，such as marry him.④主句含有不定式，后面有rather than，rather than后省to。
⑤Why not，had better，would rather，can’t but等词后省to。
You’d better take it seriously.⑥多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语、主补或宾补的不定式再次出现时，to后的内容常承前省略(只保留to即可)。
常见的有：I’d like/love/be happy to。
但如果承前省略的不定式有助动词have或be的任何形式，后应该保留原形have或be。
Susan is not what she used to be.—You came late last night. You ought to have finished your homework.—I know I ought to have.题组训练1用所给动词的正确形式填空1.It’s important for the figures to be updated(update) regularly.2.Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emailing...but we seem to be losing(lose) the art of communicating face-to-face.3.If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city to be cheered(cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters.4.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable to hold(hold).5.Simon made a big bamboo box to keep(keep) the little sick bird till it could fly.6.Passengers are permitted to carry(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.7.More TV programs，according to government officials，will be produced to raise(raise) people’s concern over food safety.8.The ability to express(express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.2.动名词复习中应注意的几个问题(1)下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest，finish，avoid，can’t help，mind，enjoy，require，practise，miss，escape，pardon，advise，consider，imagine，keep，appreciate，permit。
(2)下列动词短语后接动名词：leave off，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，have trouble/difficulty (in)，devote to，be/get used to，pay attention to，be fond of，be worth。
(3)介词后要接动名词；what about，how about，be fond of，be good at等的介词后接动名词。
注意on/upon doing sth. ＝as soon as 引导的从句，作此意讲时on/upon后也可以接名词。
On his arrival at the station，he found the train had just started.(4)动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：①begin，start，continue，like，love，dislike，hate，prefer，can’t stand②remember，forget，regret，try，mean③want，require，need2.The patient required examining.(表被动意义)。
The patient required to beexamined.题组训练2用所给动词的正确形式填空1.It’s no use complaining(complain) without taking action.2.Lydia doesn’t fee l like studying(study) abroad. Her parents are old.3.Being exposed(expose) to the sun will do harm to your skin.4.She is afraid of being taken(take) to the public.5.Mary’s coming(come) late made her mother angry.3.现在分词复习中应注意的几个问题(1)现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语。