关于花草自动浇水系统研究-外文文献
外文翻译-自动浇花系统
本科毕业设计（外文翻译）题目自动浇花系统的设计姓名刘富强专业自动化学号 ********* 指导教师赵明冬郑州科技学院电气工程学院二○一四年五月New Environment Parameters Monitoring And Control System For Greenhouse Based On Master-slave DistributedAbstractAccording to the actual need of monitoring and control of greenhouse environment parameters in rural areas,a master-slave distributed measurement and control system is designed,in which PC is taken as the host. The system consists of PC ,soil moisture measurement and control module,temperature and humidity, and CO2 monitoring and control module. In the system,PC has large amount of data storage which is easy to make use of fuzzy control expert system,configuration software-KingView is used to develop software for PC,by which the development cycle is shorten and a friendly human-computer interaction is provided.Each monitoring and control module consists of STC12 series of microcontrollers,sensors,relays etc.Different modules are select based on the need if system to achieve control greenhouse in partition and block.I INTRODUCTIONTo modern indoor agriculture, the automatic measurement and control of environment parameters is the key to achieve crop yield and quality of greenhouse.In recent years,facilities agriculture develops vigorously in our country,matched with it,the monitoring and control instrument of greenhouse have also made certain development.After nearly 10 years of unremitting hard work,our research team of measurement and control system of agriculture environment parameters,designed an intelligent measurement and control system of distribution combined of greenhouse which can be popularized in the vast rural areas.This system is mainly control of temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration,soil moisture and illumination of greenhouse.OF SCM,as the data storage is small,display interface is single,amount of information is limited,but its capability price ratio is high,so it is used as a front unit of data acquisition and control;and of PC,it has a large amount of data storage,rich software,convenient human-computer interaction,and so on.If we use outdated andlow-priced PC,taking the PC as the upper machine,taking the different function control modules composed of multiple microcomputers as the lower machines,then a master-slave distributed and intelligent control system bases on microcomputer is made up,by which both better monitoring and control,display and data collection or management are achieved,but also lower cost of system is get according to the actual need.II SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND PRINCIPLEThe most marked feature of the distribution combined and intelligent control system greenhouse is that of incorporating with data acquisition, control and management as a whole,module combination, simple structure,convenient human-computer interaction,and using technology of intelligent expert fuzzy control,which can adapt to a variety of crop management control in greenhouse.The basic structure of the system is shown in Fig.1.The structure of the distributed system is composed of two layers:the upper and lower.In the top-price PC is taken as the host to make system management and experts fuzzy operation in intelligent,and to provide a friendly human-computer interface,and to realize the united monitoring and management of greenhouse; the lower is composed of a series of modules of different function,and in each module,a single chip of AT89C is adopted as the lower machine,RS485 is used to communicate PC with all AT89C,and then the collection,processing and control of the greenhouse parameters is achieved.Each function module is completely isolated in electrical,any failure on the nodule does not produce any effect on other modules.The system collects separately ways of environment information through each monitoring andcontrol module,and sends it to host PC through the RS485 interface.And in the PC configuration control system,the acquired parameters are compared with the values of setting,then according to a variety of expert intelligent fuzzy control system of crops at different growth stages,the fuzzy control instructions on the environment temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration,soil water content and the corresponding operation instructions or alarm are given.The system is applied in rural greenhouses in ually at 1/4 near East and West end in a greenhouse,and at the height of 1.5m from the ground in the middle in the northern half (near the wet curtain) and the southern half (near the fan ),a module of air temperature and humidity ,CO2 concentration and a module of soil moisture content are set;a module of soil moisture content will be added in the middle of the greenhouse according to the actual condition;at the height of 1.5m in the main entrance,a water tank is set,of which the solenoid of drip tube should be set based on the need and controlled by module of soil moisture content;and the PC is placed in the main entrance to the greenhouse.III HARDWARE DESIGNA.The CP and communication systemIn the distributed system of data acquisition and control,as the micro control unit is limited in data storage and slow in calculating of complex functions,so PC is used and the master-slave module is adopted in the system,that is a system of,taking PC as the host and taking the SCM systems located in the scene as slave.In this distributed system,communication is the key to it.Generally,the serial port of PC is standard RS232,of which transmission distance is shorter.But in agriculture control system.its communication distance is of tens of meters or several kilometers, so RS232/RS485 converter is used to achieve communication between the PC and SCM.To reduce investment,both considering the user convenience and friendly human-computer interaction,low-price PC of above 486 and below PIV is adopted;and considering the operation of configuration software,it is required that memory is 64M or above and hard disk is 10Gb or above.B. The control modules of temperature and humidity,illuminance and CO2 concentrationEach control unit consists of SCM,sensors,signal processing circuit,RS485 interface and output circuit.The hardware structure of module of temperature andhumidity,CO2 concentration is shown in Fig.2.CO2 concentration is measured by sensor based on NDIR technology,measurement is of 0~2×103mol.Through the sensor,control system,by software of digital filter,linear interpolation and temperature compensation,the CO2 concentration is output as digital adhered to UART protocol,and then is input directly to the SCM.The new intelligent sensor of SHT11 based on CMOSens technology is chosen in the measurement of temperature and humidity.In SHT11,the temperature and humidity sensors,signal amplification,A/D,I2C bus are all integrated in a chip;it has full-scale calibration,second-line digital output,and humidity measuring range of 0~100% RH,temperature measurement range of -40℃~+123.8℃,humidity measurement accuracy of ±3.0% RH,temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.4℃,the response time of <4s.The illuminance sensor of JY1-TBQ-6 of silicon photovoltaic detection is used Light measuring.Its measurement range is 0~200,000 Lux;spectral range is 400~700(nm) visible light;measurement error is less than 2%; output is 4~20mA or 0~20mV;output signal can be directly send to the A/D of the SCM after being amplified to 0~4V.Modules accept the instructions form the the Upper,and output via the output circuit .The output circuit consists of optical isolation,the signal driver and the output relays.C. The measurement and control modules of soil moistureWater is a polar medium, the dielectric constant of the soil containing water is mainly determined by the water,when water content is different,the wave impedanceis different.The soil moisture is measured by standing wave radio method in this system.Based on the theory of Engineering Electromagnetic Field,for lossy medium,the electromagnetic wave impedance as follows:Z0=√μ/ε(1+jλ/(ωε))Where μ is medium permeability,and μ of soil is μ≈μ0 is the vacuum permeability;ε is medium dielectric constant;λ is medium conductivity;ω is electromagnetic wave frequency.In the very low audio(<2000Hz),the loss tangent of dry soil dielectric is λ/ωε≈0.07,if you choose the frequency of the signal source at above 20MHz.then,ε≈ε∞,the imaginary part of the soil wave impedance is neglect,only the real part,which amounts to a pure resistance.Soil moisture sensor consists of 100MHz signal source,a coaxial transmission line and a 4-pin stainless probe.The electromagnetic waves of signal transmit to the probe along the lines.As the probe impedance and line impedance are different,the superimposition of incident waves and reflected waves forms a standing waves.Taking the coaxial transmission line as a lossless uniform line,wave impedance is Z0,Z l is the load impedance.Then the reflected coefficient of voltage wave at the probe is:Γ=（Z L-Z0）/(Z L+Z0)Choosing the length of transmission line is l=λ/4,the maximum and minimum of both ends of the line are U max and U min,Then the standing wave radio in the line can be expressed as:S=U max /U min =(1-|Γ|)/(1+|Γ|)In the way,the soil moisture radio can be measured by measuring the standing wave rate of transmission line.As shown in Fig.3.,soil moisture module consists of sensors and controllers,the sensors are subordinated to controllers,controllers can be omitted without the need of irrigation in greenhouse.To simplify the control,irrigation technology of node-type in partition is adopted in the control soil moisture in this system.To a certain extent,the parameters of upper and lower the ground can be decoupled by adopting this technology.IV CONTROL SYSTEM PROGRAMMINGThe software of PC is developed by KingView 6.51 of Beijing-controlled Asia.This configuration software has high reliability,shorter development cycle,perfect capability of graphical interface generation,and friendly human-computer interaction;and can create dynamic images and charts in accordance with the layout of equipment in the scene;can visually display the changes of parameters,control status,and can give an alarm when over-limited;and can achieve fuzzy control of greenhouse parameters by using the history curve of environment parameters stored in the specific database and adopting the agricultural expert system.The software of SCM of the slave is developed by Keil C51 to achieve real-time collecting,processing,uploading of the parameters and accept the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and complete local control of the device.A.Program design of the control moduleThe software of the sub-slave machine of soil moisture module,that include the main function,subroutines of data acquisition and processing,interrupt handling andcommunicating etc,read the value of standing wave voltage through the parallel data port and obtained the value of soil moisture content by function calculating.The software of the slave machine of monitoring and control of soil moisture mainly complete data communication with the sub-slave machine,uploading measurement data and current control state to the host computer,accepting the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and output the implementation instructions.The software of the slave machine of temperature and humidity,and CO2 mainly complete reading data of CO2 concentrations and temperature and humidity through the I2C concentration,uploading measurement data and current control state to the host computer,accepting the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and output the implementation instructions.The structure of the main program and interrupt subroutine of temperature and humidity module are shown in Fig.4.The serial interrupt mode 3 is adopted by all slaves to communicate with the host,transmit the digital collecting and receive instructions.B. Program design of PC and fuzzy control system1)The communication settings of KingView 6.51:In order to ensure the correctness of communication,the upper and lower must follow the same communication protocol,set the communication ually in communication,master-slave mode is adopted in style and responder is adopted in the process.That is ,the master sent a command to the slave first,then et slave give an answer after receiving the command,thus once communication is completed.In KingView ,a scheduled polling method is adopted to do reading and writing between the lower machine by PC.In the project browser of KingView,first,click device →COM1;in the wizard of device configuration,select intelligent modules→SCM→current SCM of HEX→serial port,and then ser parameters for the host computer’s communication.2)The connection of KingView 6.51 and database:Database is the core of the software,that not only contains the definition of variables,real-time parameters and the historical parameters,but also is needed by parameters alarming,fuzzy calculating,reporting ,and displaying.Access2003 desktop database is used as records database of the system,and by using SQL,it is operated by KingView via ODBC.The procedure is :to create data variables in KingView to create a body of records toestablish a data source of ODBC to create query screens and make the screen connection.To connected with Microsoft Access2003,the functions of SQLConnect(),SQLSelect(),SQLLast(),SQLNext(),SQLFist(),SQLPrew(),SQLInsrt() ,and so on,should be implemented in the command language,and then real-time storage and inquiry of data are completed.3)Software design of PC :For the control system of greenhouse,data storage capacity of the PC is unlimited,so if the existing mature software modules are include into the system,it both be relaxed and can improve the system reliability.The software of software consists of control module and management module.V CONCLUSIONAccording to the economic bearing capacity of farmer in Qinhuangdao ,with the existing technology of monitoring and control of environment parameters of greenhouse,a master-slave distributed automatic control system of greenhouse environment in which PC is taken as the host computer is developed.The system has following characteristics:1)With the large amount of data storage of PC,fuzzy control expert system is easy of data storage,modification and system upgrading.2)By using KingView to develop software of PC,the system reliability is improved,and the development cycle is shorten,and a friendly human-computer interface is get.3)A distributed and modular structure is used in the system,it makes the system maintenance easier and adapts to production needs more. The monitoring and control modules of the slave are connected to the host through the RS485 bus based on needs,then the control of greenhouse in partition or block can be achieved.基于新的温室环境参数监测和控制系统根据实际在农村地区的温室环境参数的监测和控制，主从分布式测量和控制系统的设计需要，以其中一台计算机作为主机，该系统由PC、土壤水分测量和控制模块，温度、湿度、CO2监测和控制模块组成。
花卉自动浇水系统设计与实现文献综述
xxxxxxx大学专业文献综述题目: 花卉自动浇水系统设计与实现综述姓名: xxx学院: xxxxxxxxx学院专业: 电子信息科学与技术班级: xxx学号: xxxxxxxxx成绩：指导教师: xxx 职称:2015 年12 月1日xxxxxxxx教务处制盆花自动浇水系统设计与实现作者：xxx指导教师：xxx摘要：针对盆栽植物浇水不及时、缺乏浇水管理导致植物生长不健康的情况，将单片机测控技术应用于盆栽植物的浇水过程中，以单片机为核心的花盆土壤湿度控制系统。
采用土壤湿度传感器实时检测花盆土壤湿度，单片机根据花盆土壤的湿度值判断植物是否需要进行浇水，通过控制继电器进而控制电磁阀实现自动浇水的功能。
控制系统还具有报警功能，当花盆水箱水位低于设定值时，能够及时提示为水箱加水。
关键词：单片机花盆土壤湿度湿度传感器Potted flower design and implementation ofautomatic watering systemAuthor: xxx Tutor: xxxAbstract：For potted plants is not timely, the lack of water management in plant growth is not healthy, single-chip microcomputer measurement and control technology was applied to water plants in the process of flower pot soil moisture with the single chip processor as the core control system. Real-time detection flower pot soil moisture using soil moisture sensor, microcontroller based on the flower pot soil humidity value judgment whether the need for watering plants, water automatically by the control relay and control electromagnetic valve function. Control system also has alarm function, when the flower pot water tank water level is lower than the set value, can be timely reminder to the tank with waterKey words: Single Chip Microcomputer，pot，Soil moisture,Humidity sensor1.花盆土壤湿度控制系统设计背景及意义现如今很多家庭把植物当作装饰物，这些美丽的装饰物不同于普通工艺品，它们有生命，需要定期进行浇水，因此，如何使花盆土壤的湿度值保持在一个合理的范围内是每个养花者所关心的问题。
外文翻译-自动浇花系统
本科毕业设计（外文翻译）题目自动浇花系统的设计姓名刘富强专业自动化学号201042048 指导教师赵明冬郑州科技学院电气工程学院二○一四年五月New Environment Parameters Monitoring AndControl System For Greenhouse Based OnMaster-slave DistributedAbstractAccording to the actual need of monitoring and control of greenhouse environment parameters in rural areas,a master-slave distributed measurement and control system is designed,in which PC is taken as the host. The system consists of PC ,soil moisture measurement and control module,temperature and humidity, and CO2 monitoring and control module. In the system,PC has large amount of data storage which is easy to make use of fuzzy control expert system,configuration software-KingView is used to develop software for PC,by which the development cycle is shorten and a friendly human-computer interaction is provided.Each monitoring and control module consists of STC12 series of microcontrollers,sensors,relays etc.Different modules are select based on the need if system to achieve control greenhouse in partition and block.I INTRODUCTIONTo modern indoor agriculture, the automatic measurement and control of environment parameters is the key to achieve crop yield and quality of greenhouse.In recent years,facilities agriculture develops vigorously in our country,matched with it,the monitoring and control instrument of greenhouse have also made certain development.After nearly 10 years of unremitting hard work,our research team of measurement and control system of agriculture environment parameters,designed an intelligent measurement and control system of distribution combined of greenhouse which can be popularized in the vast rural areas.This system is mainly control of temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration,soil moisture and illumination of greenhouse.OF SCM,as the data storage is small,display interface is single,amount of information is limited,but its capability price ratio is high,so it is used as a front unit of data acquisition and control;and of PC,it has a large amount of data storage,rich software,convenient human-computer interaction,and so on.If we use outdated and low-priced PC,taking the PC as the upper machine,taking the different function control modules composed of multiple microcomputers as the lower machines,then a master-slave distributed and intelligent control system bases on microcomputer is made up,by which both better monitoring and control,display and data collection or management are achieved,but also lower cost of system is get according to the actual need.II SYSTEM STRUCTURE AND PRINCIPLEThe most marked feature of the distribution combined and intelligent control system greenhouse is that of incorporating with data acquisition, control and management as a whole,module combination, simple structure,convenient human-computer interaction,and using technology of intelligent expert fuzzy control,which can adapt to a variety of crop management control in greenhouse.The basic structure of the system is shown in Fig.1.The structure of the distributed system is composed of two layers:the upper and lower.In the top-price PC is taken as the host to make system management and experts fuzzy operation in intelligent,and to provide a friendly human-computer interface,and to realize the united monitoring and management of greenhouse; the lower is composed of a series of modules of different function,and in each module,a single chip of AT89Cis adopted as the lower machine,RS485 is used to communicate PC with all AT89C,and then the collection,processing and control of the greenhouse parameters is achieved.Each function module is completely isolated in electrical,any failure on the nodule does not produce any effect on other modules.The system collects separately ways of environment information through each monitoring and control module,and sends it to host PC through the RS485 interface.And in the PC configuration control system,the acquired parameters are compared with the values of setting,then according to a variety of expert intelligent fuzzy control system of crops at different growth stages,the fuzzy control instructions on the environment temperature,humidity,CO2 concentration,soil water content and the corresponding operation instructions or alarm are given.The system is applied in rural greenhouses in ually at 1/4 near East and West end in a greenhouse,and at the height of 1.5m from the ground in the middle in the northern half (near the wet curtain) and the southern half (near the fan ),a module of air temperature and humidity ,CO2 concentration and a module of soil moisture content are set;a module of soil moisture content will be added in the middle of the greenhouse according to the actual condition;at the height of 1.5m in the main entrance,a water tank is set,of which the solenoid of drip tube should be set based on the need and controlled by module of soil moisture content;and the PC is placed in the main entrance to thegreenhouse.III HARDWARE DESIGNA.The CP and communication systemIn the distributed system of data acquisition and control,as the micro control unit is limited in data storage and slow in calculating of complex functions,so PC is used and the master-slave module is adopted in the system,that is a system of,taking PC as the host and taking the SCM systems located in the scene as slave.In this distributed system,communication is the key to it.Generally,the serial port of PC is standard RS232,of which transmission distance is shorter.But in agriculture control system.its communication distance is of tens of meters or several kilometers, so RS232/RS485 converter is used to achieve communication between the PC and SCM.To reduce investment,both considering the user convenience and friendly human-computer interaction,low-price PC of above 486 and below PIV is adopted;and considering the operation of configuration software,it is required that memory is 64M or above and hard disk is 10Gb or above.B. The control modules of temperature and humidity,illuminance and CO2 concentrationEach control unit consists of SCM,sensors,signal processing circuit,RS485 interface and output circuit.The hardware structure ofmodule of temperature and humidity,CO2 concentration is shown in Fig.2.CO2 concentration is measured by sensor based on NDIR technology,measurement is of 0~2×103mol.Through the sensor,control system,by software of digital filter,linear interpolation and temperature compensation,the CO2 concentration is output as digital adhered to UART protocol,and then is input directly to the SCM.The new intelligent sensor of SHT11 based on CMOSens technology is chosen in the measurement of temperature and humidity.In SHT11,the temperature and humidity sensors,signal amplification,A/D,I2C bus are all integrated in a chip;it has full-scale calibration,second-line digital output,and humidity measuring range of 0~100% RH,temperature measurement range of -40℃~+123.8℃,humidity measurement accuracy of ±3.0% RH,temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.4℃,the response time of <4s.The illuminance sensor of JY1-TBQ-6 of silicon photovoltaicdetection is used Light measuring.Its measurement range is 0~200,000 Lux;spectral range is 400~700(nm) visible light;measurement error is less than 2%; output is 4~20mA or 0~20mV;output signal can be directly send to the A/D of the SCM after being amplified to 0~4V.Modules accept the instructions form the the Upper,and output via the output circuit .The output circuit consists of optical isolation,the signal driver and the output relays.C. The measurement and control modules of soil moistureWater is a polar medium, the dielectric constant of the soil containing water is mainly determined by the water,when water content is different,the wave impedance is different.The soil moisture is measured by standing wave radio method in this system.Based on the theory of Engineering Electromagnetic Field,for lossy medium,the electromagnetic wave impedance as follows:Z0=√μ/ε(1+jλ/(ωε))Where μ is medium permeability,and μ of soil is μ≈μ0 is the vacuum permeabil ity;ε is medium dielectric constant;λ is medium conductivity;ω is electromagnetic wave frequency.In the very low audio(<2000Hz),the loss tangent of dry soil dielectric is λ/ωε≈0.07,if you choose the frequency of the signal source at above 20MHz.then,ε≈ε∞,the imaginary part of the soil wave impedance is neglect,only the real part,which amounts to a pure resistance.Soil moisture sensor consists of 100MHz signal source,a coaxial transmission line and a 4-pin stainless probe.The electromagnetic waves of signal transmit to the probe along the lines.As the probe impedance and line impedance are different,the superimposition of incident waves and reflected waves forms a standing waves.Taking the coaxial transmission line as a lossless uniform line,wave impedance is Z0,Z l is the load impedance.Then the reflected coefficient of voltage wave at the probe is:Γ=（Z L-Z0）/(Z L+Z0)Choosing the length of transmission line is l=λ/4,the maximum and minimum of both ends of the line are U max and U min,Then the standing wave radio in the line can be expressed as:S=U max /U min =(1-|Γ|)/(1+|Γ|)In the way,the soil moisture radio can be measured by measuring the standing wave rate of transmission line.As shown in Fig.3.,soil moisture module consists of sensors and controllers,the sensors are subordinated to controllers,controllers can be omitted without the need of irrigation in greenhouse.To simplify the control,irrigation technology of node-type in partition is adopted in the control soil moisture in this system.To a certain extent,the parameters of upper and lower the ground can be decoupled by adopting this technology.IV CONTROL SYSTEM PROGRAMMINGThe software of PC is developed by KingView 6.51 of Beijing-controlled Asia.This configuration software has high reliability,shorter development cycle,perfect capability of graphical interface generation,and friendly human-computer interaction;and can create dynamic images and charts in accordance with the layout of equipment in the scene;can visually display the changes of parameters,control status,and can give an alarm when over-limited;and can achieve fuzzy control of greenhouse parameters by using the history curve of environment parameters stored in the specific database and adopting the agricultural expert system.The software of SCM of the slave is developed by Keil C51 to achieve real-time collecting,processing,uploading of the parameters and accept the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and complete local control of the device.A.Program design of the control moduleThe software of the sub-slave machine of soil moisture module,that include the main function,subroutines of data acquisition and processing,interrupt handling and communicating etc,read the value of standing wave voltage through the parallel data port and obtained the value of soil moisture content by function calculating.The software of the slave machine of monitoring and control of soil moisture mainly complete data communication with the sub-slave machine,uploading measurement data and current control state to the host computer,accepting the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and output the implementation instructions.The software of the slave machine of temperature and humidity,and CO2 mainly complete reading data of CO2 concentrations and temperature and humidity through the I2C concentration,uploading measurement data and current control state to the host computer,accepting the fuzzy control instructions from the host computer and output the implementation instructions.The structure of the main program and interrupt subroutine of temperature and humidity module are shown in Fig.4.The serial interrupt mode 3 is adopted by all slaves to communicate with the host,transmit the digital collecting and receive instructions.B. Program design of PC and fuzzy control system1)The communication settings of KingView 6.51:In order to ensurethe correctness of communication,the upper and lower must follow the same communication protocol,set the communication ually in communication,master-slave mode is adopted in style and responder is adopted in the process.That is ,the master sent a command to the slave first,then et slave give an answer after receiving the command,thus once communication is completed.In KingView ,a scheduled polling method is adopted to do reading and writing between the lower machine by PC.In the project browser of KingView,first,click device →COM1;in the wizard of device configuration,select intelligent modules→SCM→current SCM of HEX→serial port,and then ser parameters for the host computer’s communication.2)The connection of KingView 6.51 and database:Database is the core of the software,that not only contains the definition of variables,real-time parameters and the historical parameters,but also is needed by parameters alarming,fuzzy calculating,reporting ,and displaying.Access2003 desktop database is used as records database of the system,and by using SQL,it is operated by KingView via ODBC.The procedure is :to create data variables in KingView to create a body of records to establish a data source of ODBC to create query screens and make the screen connection.To connected with Microsoft Access2003,the functions of SQLConnect(),SQLSelect(),SQLLast(),SQLNext(),SQLFist(),SQLPrew(),SQLInsrt(),and so on,should be implemented in the command language,and then real-time storage and inquiry of data are completed.3)Software design of PC :For the control system of greenhouse,data storage capacity of the PC is unlimited,so if the existing mature software modules are include into the system,it both be relaxed and can improve the system reliability.The software of software consists of control module and management module.V CONCLUSIONAccording to the economic bearing capacity of farmer in Qinhuangdao ,with the existing technology of monitoring and control of environment parameters of greenhouse,a master-slave distributed automatic control system of greenhouse environment in which PC is taken as the host computer is developed.The system has following characteristics:1)With the large amount of data storage of PC,fuzzy control expert system is easy of data storage,modification and system upgrading.2)By using KingView to develop software of PC,the system reliability is improved,and the development cycle is shorten,and a friendly human-computer interface is get.3)A distributed and modular structure is used in the system,it makes the system maintenance easier and adapts to production needs more. The monitoring and control modules of the slave are connectedto the host through the RS485 bus based on needs,then the control of greenhouse in partition or block can be achieved.基于新的温室环境参数监测和控制系统根据实际在农村地区的温室环境参数的监测和控制，主从分布式测量和控制系统的设计需要，以其中一台计算机作为主机，该系统由PC、土壤水分测量和控制模块，温度、湿度、CO2监测和控制模块组成。
会自动浇花的花盆450字作文
会自动浇花的花盆450字作文英文回答：There is a smart flowerpot that can automatically water the flowers. It is equipped with sensors that can detectthe moisture level of the soil. When the soil becomes dry, the flowerpot will automatically release water to hydrate the plants.The smart flowerpot is connected to a water source,such as a water tank or a tap. It has a small pump that can draw water from the source and deliver it to the plants.The pump is controlled by a microcontroller, which receives signals from the sensors and activates the pump when necessary.In addition to watering the plants, the smart flowerpot also has other features. It can be programmed to water the plants at specific times of the day or at regular intervals. This is particularly useful for people who have busyschedules and may forget to water their plants regularly.The smart flowerpot can also be connected to a smartphone app, allowing users to monitor the moisture level of the soil and control the watering schedule remotely. This is convenient for those who travel frequently or are away from home for extended periods of time.中文回答：有一种智能花盆可以自动给花浇水。
自动浇花器作文
自动浇花器作文The automatic watering system is a technological innovation that has revolutionized the way we care for our plants. 这种自动浇水系统是一种技术创新，已经彻底改变了我们照顾植物的方式。
One of the key advantages of an automatic watering system is the convenience it offers. 通过自动浇水系统，我们可以轻松地对植物进行定时浇水。
Imagine not having to worry about remembering to water your plants every day – the automatic watering system takes care of that for you. 想象一下不用担心每天记得给植物浇水——自动浇水系统为你打理这些。
This can be especially helpful for individuals who may have busy schedules or are forgetful when it comes to plant care. 这对于那些可能有忙碌日程或在植物护理方面健忘的人来说尤其有帮助。
Another benefit of an automatic watering system is the ability to provide consistent and precise watering for your plants. 自动浇水系统的另一个好处是能够为植物提供一致和精确的浇水。
This can help prevent both over-watering and under-watering, which are common problems that can lead to damaged or unhealthy plants. 这可以帮助防止过度浇水和欠水，这是可能导致植物受损或不健康的常见问题。
改善浇水系统英语作文
改善浇水系统英语作文Improving the Watering System。
Watering plants is an essential part of gardening, but it can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive task. To improve efficiency and effectiveness, many gardeners have turned to advanced watering systems. In this essay, we will explore the various ways to improve the watering system and the benefits it brings to gardening.One of the most popular ways to improve the watering system is by installing a drip irrigation system. This system delivers water directly to the roots of the plants, reducing water waste and minimizing evaporation. It also allows for precise control over the amount of water each plant receives, ensuring that they get just the right amount of moisture they need. Additionally, drip irrigation systems can be automated, saving gardeners time and effort.Another way to improve the watering system is by usinga soaker hose. Similar to drip irrigation, a soaker hose delivers water directly to the base of the plants. It is a cost-effective and efficient way to water plants, as it reduces water runoff and evaporation. Soaker hoses are also easy to install and can be used in various garden settings, from vegetable gardens to flower beds.In addition to these advanced watering systems, there are also simple yet effective ways to improve thetraditional watering methods. For example, using a watering can with a narrow spout allows for precise watering, ensuring that the water reaches the roots of the plants without splashing onto the leaves. This helps to prevent diseases and fungal growth, which can occur when thefoliage remains wet for extended periods.Furthermore, mulching the soil is another effective way to improve the watering system. Mulch helps to retain moisture in the soil, reducing the frequency of watering and preventing water loss through evaporation. It also helps to regulate soil temperature, suppress weeds, and improve the overall health of the plants.By improving the watering system, gardeners can enjoy a range of benefits. Firstly, it saves time and effort, as advanced watering systems can be automated and require less manual labor. This allows gardeners to focus on other aspects of gardening, such as planting, pruning, and harvesting. Secondly, it conserves water, as advanced watering systems are designed to minimize water waste and evaporation. This is not only beneficial for the environment but also helps to reduce water bills for gardeners. Lastly, it promotes healthier plants, as precise watering and soil moisture control contribute to theoverall well-being of the plants.In conclusion, improving the watering system is essential for efficient and effective gardening. Whether it is through the installation of advanced watering systems like drip irrigation and soaker hoses, or through simple yet effective methods like using a watering can with a narrow spout and mulching the soil, there are various ways to enhance the way we water our plants. By doing so, gardeners can save time and effort, conserve water, andpromote healthier plants, ultimately leading to a more successful and enjoyable gardening experience.。
关于花卉自动浇水系统研究——文献综述
关于花卉自动浇水系统研究——文献综述摘要：随着现代化脚步的加快，自动化已成为当今社会的发展主题，当然花卉自动浇水系统也越来越受到养花者的青睐。
花卉自动浇水系统能自动给花卉浇水，很好地解决繁忙养花者不能及时给花卉浇水的问题。
本文主要分析了花卉自动浇水系统中的土壤检测技术、自动浇水技术和它的主要应用及发展。
关键词：自动浇水系统，土壤检测技术，自动浇水技术，应用及发展1、引言随着当今社会现代化脚步的加快，自动化已成为当今世界的发展主题。
花卉的生长发育需要有一定的环境条件，这些环境条件主要有温度、水分、光照、空气成分、土壤的成分、物理机械性质、营养液的温度和成分等。
其中花卉能否良好生长最为重要的在于土壤湿度的适合程度。
如何能有效及时的控制好土壤湿度问题已经成为养花爱花者们最为关心的问题。
花谚说：“活不活在于水，长不长在于肥”。
盆栽花卉由于受容积小、蓄水保水性差、蒸发量大又无地下水补充等特定条件所限故，不耐旱，浇水就显得尤为重要。
如果盆花缺水，植物体内的生理活动就会受到破坏，磷酸钾、硼、钙的吸收就会变弱，而这些元素的缺乏会导致生长点附近生长不良。
盆花缺水还会造成土壤养分的浓度相对偏高, 也最易出现“肥伤”[1]。
花卉生长所需的水分，大部分是从土壤中吸收来的，保持土壤适当的含水量，是花卉正常发育和获得更高观赏品质的必要条件[2]。
常见的花卉按其需水习性和对不同水分环境的适应能力，可分为水生花卉、湿生花卉、中生花卉和旱生花卉四种。
不同的花卉我们需要浇的水量也不一样[3]。
不同的花卉需水量不同，相同的花卉在不同的生长阶段所需的水量也是不尽相同的。
花卉对土壤水分的要求在各生长阶段不同而不同。
我们要根据花卉的生长季节及生长期合理安排[4]。
综上所述，盆花的合理浇水就显得尤为重要。
随着自动化设备的不断完善，各种自动浇花装置也不时的涌入社会。
根据土壤湿度传感器设计的花卉自动浇水系统能根据作物及其不同生长阶段对环境条件的具体需要，随时调整控制花卉土壤湿度，让花卉能良好生长。
制作自动灌溉系统作文
制作自动灌溉系统作文英文回答：Automatic irrigation systems have become increasingly popular in recent years, and for good reason. These systems provide a convenient and efficient way to keep our gardens and lawns properly watered without the need for manual labor. As a gardening enthusiast, I have personally experienced the benefits of having an automatic irrigation system.One of the main advantages of an automatic irrigation system is that it saves time and effort. Instead of spending hours manually watering plants with a hose or sprinkler, the system does all the work for me. I can simply set the desired watering schedule and forget about it. This is especially helpful when I am busy or away from home for an extended period of time.Another benefit of automatic irrigation systems istheir ability to conserve water. These systems are designed to deliver water directly to the roots of plants, minimizing evaporation and runoff. They also have sensors that can detect moisture levels in the soil, ensuring that water is only applied when necessary. This not only saves water but also helps to prevent overwatering, which can lead to root rot and other plant diseases.In addition to saving time and water, automatic irrigation systems can also improve the overall health and appearance of plants. By providing a consistent and adequate water supply, plants are less stressed and more resistant to diseases and pests. This results in healthier, greener, and more vibrant gardens and lawns.Furthermore, automatic irrigation systems can be customized to meet the specific needs of different plants. Some plants require more water than others, and the system can be programmed accordingly. For example, I have a section of my garden dedicated to succulents, which require less water compared to other plants. With an automatic irrigation system, I can easily adjust the wateringschedule to meet the specific needs of my succulents.中文回答：自动灌溉系统在近年来变得越来越受欢迎，原因很简单。
基于单片机的自动浇花系统设计
基于单片机的自动浇花系统设计IntroductionWatering plants is an important task that requires attention and care. With increasing urbanization and reduction in green spaces, people are finding it difficult to devote time for watering plants. Hence, there is a need for an automated system that can take care of watering plants. This paper discusses the design of an automated watering system for plants, based on a microcontroller.Materials and MethodsThe system was designed using a microcontroller board, moisture sensor, water pump, and a relay module. The microcontroller was programmed to read the moisture sensor and determine the moisture level of the soil. If the moisture level falls below a certain threshold, the microcontroller signals the water pump to turn on, which in turn waters the plant. The system was designed to be powered by a DC power supply.ResultsThe automated watering system was successfully designed and tested. The system consistently monitored the moisture level of the soil and watered the plant when required. The system was able to water the plant efficiently and effectively, ensuring the required moisture level was maintained at all times.DiscussionThe automated watering system offers significant advantages over traditional manual watering systems. Itensures a consistent and uniform supply of water to plants, which can lead to better growth and health of the plants. Unlike manual watering, the automated system requires no human intervention, making it convenient for people who do not have the time or ability to water plants regularly. Additionally, the system can be customized to suit different plant watering requirements, making it versatile.ConclusionIn conclusion, the automated watering system designed in this paper offers a reliable and efficient way to water plants. With the increasing need for green spaces in urban areas, such systems can help promote sustainable living and environmental conservation. Further research can be conducted to optimize the system and explore its applications in different fields.。
植物自动浇水系统设计
2018.15设计与研发植物自动淺水系统设计曾滢(西北工业大学，陕西西安，710000 )摘要：本文选取STC12C5A60S2单片机为核心器件，同时结合湿度传感器技术，设计了一款植物自动浇水系统, 其主要功能是根据湿度传感器实时监测土壤的湿度，并及时反馈植物是否缺水，单片机系统驱动水泵为不同种类 的植物定时定量地浇水，实现植物浇水的智能化。
通过测试，该系统性能优越，且成本较低，适合所有家庭用户。
关键词：STC12C5A60S2单片机；土壤湿度检测；智能浇水Design of plant automatic watering systemZeng Ying(Northwestern Polytechnical University,X i?an Shaanxi, 710000) Abstract :This article selects STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller as the core device,and at the same time combines the humidity sensor technology,designed a plant automatic watering system,its main function is to monitor the soil moisture in real time according to the humidity sensor,and timely feedback whether the plant is dry,the single-chip microcomputer system to drive the water pump Different types of plants water regularly and quantitatively to achieve intelligent plant watering.Through testing, this system has superior performance and low cost,which is suitable for all home users.K e y w o r d s:STC12C5A60S2 single chip microcomputer;soil moisture detection;intelligent watering〇引言本文设计的植物自动浇水系统基于STC12C5A60S2的植物自动浇水系统，能够根据实时采集到的土壤湿度，判断 植物是否需要浇水，若需要浇水，不同种的植物各需多少水 量,从而保证了植物的健康生长，是智能化家庭的小助手。
制作自动灌溉系统作文
制作自动灌溉系统作文英文回答：Automatic irrigation systems have become increasingly popular in recent years, as they provide a convenient and efficient way to water plants and gardens. These systemsuse various sensors and timers to automatically determine when and how much water to deliver to the plants.One of the main benefits of an automatic irrigation system is that it saves a lot of time and effort. Insteadof manually watering the plants every day, the system takes care of it for you. This is especially useful for peoplewho have busy schedules or are frequently away from home. For example, I used to struggle to keep my garden hydrated during the hot summer months when I was away on vacation. However, after installing an automatic irrigation system, I no longer have to worry about my plants wilting in the heat.Another advantage of automatic irrigation systems isthat they help conserve water. These systems are designed to deliver water directly to the roots of the plants, minimizing water wastage. They also have sensors that can detect the moisture levels in the soil, ensuring that plants are not over-watered. As a result, water usage is optimized, and water bills are reduced. For instance, I noticed a significant decrease in my water bill after installing an automatic irrigation system in my garden.In addition to saving time and water, automatic irrigation systems also contribute to healthier plants. By delivering water directly to the roots, the plants receive the right amount of moisture they need to thrive. This leads to stronger and more vibrant plants. Moreover, these systems can be programmed to provide water at specific times of the day when plants are most in need. This helps prevent under-watering or over-watering, which can be detrimental to plant health. For example, my roses have never looked better since I started using an automatic irrigation system that waters them early in the morning.中文回答：自动灌溉系统在近年来越来越受欢迎，因为它们为植物和花园提供了一种方便高效的浇水方式。
文献综述
单位代码6130学号100102057分类号密级文献综述室内花草自动浇水系统的实现院（系）名称信息工程学院专业名称电子信息工程学生姓名李永飞指导教师张具琴2014年 2 月19日黄河科技学院毕业设计(文献综述) 第1页室内花草自动浇水系统的实现摘要社会不断进步，人们的生活质量越来越高。
在家里养养盆花可以陶冶情操，丰富生活。
同时盆花可以通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳，净化室内空气，在有花木的地方空气中阴离子聚集较多，所以空气也特别清新，而且许多花木还可以吸收空气中的有害气体，因此，养盆花如今被许多人喜爱。
所以设计一个能够自动浇花的系统对人们的生活至关重要。
关键词：AT89S52 湿度的采集与显示计数器 LCD引言对于自动浇花系统而言，盆花浇水量是否能做到适时适量，是养花成败的关键。
但是，在生活中人们总是会有无暇顾及的时候，比如工作太忙，或者出差、旅游等。
花草生长问题80%以上是由花儿浇灌问题引起的；好不容易种植几个月的花草，因为浇水不及时，长势不好，用来美化环境的花草几乎成了“鸡肋”；不种植吧，家里没有绿色衬托，感觉没有生机；保留吧，花草长得不够旺盛，还影响家庭装饰效果。
虽然市场上有卖盆花自动浇水器，但价格十分昂贵，并且大多只能设定一个定时浇水的时间，很难做到给盆花自动适时适量浇水。
也有较经济的盆花缺水报警器，可以提醒人们及时的给盆花浇水。
可是这种报警器只能报警，浇水还需要人们亲自动手。
当家里无人时，即使报警也无人浇水，就起不到应有的作用了。
因此，我想设计一种集盆花土壤湿度检测，自动浇水以及蓄水箱自动供水于一体的盆花自动浇水系统。
让人们无暇顾及时也能得到及时的浇灌。
1 自动浇水器的诞生背景及国内外发展现状微喷系统是近几年利用国内外先进技术组装的新型灌溉设施，主要是利用水流通黄河科技学院毕业设计（文献综述）第2 页过管道系统以一定速度从特制的喷头喷出，在空气中分散成细小的水滴着落在花草植物。
作物及周围的地面上，从而达到及时补充水分的目的。
改善浇水系统英语作文
改善浇水系统英语作文下载温馨提示:该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!Watering is an essential task for any gardener, but it can also be time-consuming and inefficient. To improve the watering system, there are several things that can be done.One option is to install a drip irrigation system. This system uses a network of tubes and emitters to deliver water directly to the plants' roots. This method is more efficient than traditional watering methods because it reduces water waste and ensures that the plants receive the right amount of water.Another way to improve the watering system is to use a rain barrel. This is a container that collects rainwater from the roof of a building. The collected water can then be used to water plants. This method is not only environmentally friendly but also cost-effective.In addition, using mulch can help retain moisture in the soil. Mulch is a layer of organic material that isspread over the soil around plants. It helps to retain moisture in the soil, which reduces the need for frequent watering. Mulch also helps to regulate soil temperature and suppress weeds.Another option is to use a soil moisture meter. This tool measures the moisture content of the soil andindicates when it's time to water. This method ensures that plants receive the right amount of water and reduces the risk of overwatering.Finally, it's important to water plants at the right time of day. Watering in the morning or evening is best because it reduces water loss due to evaporation. Watering during the hottest part of the day can lead to water waste and can even damage plants.In conclusion, there are several ways to improve the watering system. From installing a drip irrigation system to using a rain barrel and mulch, there are many options to choose from. By implementing these methods, gardeners cansave time, money, and water while ensuring that their plants thrive.。
智能浇花系统系统的毕业设计
智能浇花系统系统的毕业设计英文回答：Abstract.This graduation project aims to develop a smart watering system utilizing advanced sensors and IoT connectivity to optimize plant irrigation and water conservation. The system comprises several automated components, including soil moisture sensors, water valves, and a central controller. The sensors monitor soil moisture levels in real-time, triggering the water valves to dispense precise amounts of water when necessary. The controller manages the irrigation schedule based on pre-defined parameters, ensuring efficient water usage and healthy plant growth.System Architecture.The smart watering system is designed with a modulararchitecture, consisting of the following components:Soil Moisture Sensors: Capacitive sensors continuously monitor soil moisture content, providing real-time data to the controller.Water Valves: Solenoid valves are connected to the water supply and are controlled by the controller to dispense water as needed.Central Controller: A microcontroller serves as the brain of the system, collecting data from the sensors, managing the watering schedule, and actuating the water valves.IoT Connectivity: The controller is connected to a cloud platform via Wi-Fi or cellular connectivity, enabling remote access and data analysis.Features.The smart watering system offers several key features:Automated Irrigation: The system automatically irrigates plants based on soil moisture levels, eliminating the need for manual watering.Precise Water Control: The water valves dispense precise amounts of water, ensuring plants receive the optimal amount of moisture.Water Conservation: The system optimizes water usage by only watering when necessary, preventing overwatering and water waste.Plant Health Monitoring: The soil moisture data can be analyzed to monitor plant health and identify potential issues early on.Remote Access: The IoT connectivity allows users to remotely monitor the system, adjust watering schedules, and receive alerts from anywhere with an internet connection.Implementation and Testing.The smart watering system was implemented using a microcontroller, soil moisture sensors, water valves, and an IoT module. The system was tested in a controlled greenhouse environment using various plant species and soil conditions. The results demonstrated that the system effectively maintained optimal soil moisture levels, resulting in healthy plant growth and significant water savings.Conclusion.In conclusion, the smart watering system developed in this graduation project offers a comprehensive solution for optimizing plant irrigation and water conservation. Its automated operation, precise water control, and remote monitoring capabilities make it an ideal tool for both indoor and outdoor gardening applications, ensuring healthy plants and sustainable water usage.中文回答：摘要。
俄罗斯研制自动浇灌装置可使花卉数周无需照看
适用于各种花卉和环境
04
与其他浇灌技术的比较
人工浇灌受限于人力
需要手动为每一种花卉分别浇灌，工作量大，效率低。
时间和精力的投入
需要花费大量的时间和精力去考虑每种花卉的需水量和浇灌时间。
人工浇灌的局限性
自动浇灌装置可以根据花卉的需求自动进行浇灌，不受时间和空间的限制。
自动化程度高
省时省力
精确控制
自动浇灌装置可以保持土壤适宜的湿度，为花卉提供良好的生长环境，从而延长花卉的生命周期并提高其存活率。
提高花卉的存活率
自动浇灌装置可以根据不同花卉的需水特性和生长环境要求，进行个性化的设置和调整，满足各种不同花卉的需求。
自动浇灌装置适用于各种不同的环境条件，无论是室内还是室外、花园还是阳台，都可以发挥其良好的浇灌效果。
自动浇灌技术在全球的应用前景
1
对未来花卉产业的影响和贡献
2
3
自动浇灌技术的应用将大幅度提高花卉生产的效率和品质，为花卉产业带来巨大的经济利益。
提高生产效率
自动浇灌技术使得人们可以更加便捷地养护花卉，改善人们的生活质量。
改善生活质量
自动浇灌技术有助于减少水资源的浪费和污染，推动绿色环保xx月xx日
俄罗斯研制自动浇灌装置可使花卉数周无需照看
研究背景俄罗斯自动浇灌装置的研发自动浇灌装置的应用优势与其他浇灌技术的比较未来展望
contents
目录
01
研究背景
缓解人工浇灌的负担
提高水资源利用效率
促进农业现代化
自动浇灌装置的研究意义
花卉种植的挑战
要点三
花卉对环境的要求较高
花卉植物的生长对环境的要求比较高，需要适宜的温度、湿度、光照等条件。
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1 introduction
With the social modernization step speeding up, automation has become a development topics in today's world. Flower's growth needs to have certain environmental conditions, these conditions are mainly temperature, moisture, illumination, air composition, composition, physical and mechanical properties of soil and nutrient solution temperature and composition, etc. Flowers can be a good growth is most important of which is the suitability for soil moisture. How to control soil moisture effectively and timely problem has already become the flowers AiHuaZhe most issue of concern. Flower proverbs said: "don't live in the water, long is fat". Potted flowers and plants due to the volume small, poor water retention performance, large evaporation nor groundwater supply limited by certain conditions, such as the reason, not to drought, water is particularly important. If potted flower water, plant physiological activities will damage in the body, the absorption of potassium, boron, calcium phosphate is weak, and the lack of these elements can lead to poor growing point nearby growth. Potted flower water shortage will cause soil nutrient concentrations are relatively high, also appear the most easily hurt "fat" [. Flowers grow, most come from the soil absorption, keep soil moisture content, appropriate is the normal development of flowers and necessary conditions to obtain higher GuanShangPin qualitative. Common flowers according to the water requirement of habits and the different water environment adaptability, can be divided into aquatic flowers and plants, wet flowers, flowers and xerophytic flowers in four. The amount of water in different we need to water the flowers are not the same as [3]. Different flower water demand is different, the same flower in different growth stage required quantity is also different. Flowers requirement for soil water varies in each growth stage. We according to the growing season and growth period of flower arrange . To sum up, the reasonable water potted flower is
particularly important. With the constant improvement of automation equipment, all kinds of automatic watering the flowers device also from time to time into the society. According to soil moisture sensor design of automatic watering flowers system can according to crops and different growth stages to the specific needs of environmental conditions, adjust to control soil moisture flowers, let the flower can grow well.
2 automatic watering technique