科技英语翻译省一等奖课件
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科技英语翻译讲座ppt课件全省公开课一等奖
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真奇怪,他仍然保留着小时候的习惯。
⑦Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy. 她唉声叹气,这说明她不快乐。
⑧Tears sprang to her eyes. 她突然眼泪汪汪。
⑨The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上,一点脚步声也没有。
Syntactical Contrast between English and Chinese 英汉句子对比分析
Hypotaxis and Parataxis 形合与意合
汉民族往往借助联想,通过事物间的横向比喻来认识客观存在,这 种思维方式注重事物内涵间的横向联系和比类,且又可以不 受事物外延上种、属制约,因而逐渐发展成重了悟不重形式 论证,轻逻辑、轻实证的思维模式,以及以意驭形的审美范 式。
如果你看到一些脏盘子就感到不舒服的话,那么我想你有问题 了。
③Rain or snow kept them from their usual Sunday afternoon walk or even from a tea-time trip to their nearest shop.
碰到星期天下雨或下雪,他们就没法像往常一样出去散步,甚 至没法在喝下午茶时到附近的店里去跑一趟。
①It's just struck me that I still owe you for the concert tickets.
我突然想起还欠你音乐会的门票钱
②It's very kind of you to be so considerate. 你考虑这么周到,太好了。
③It is not our view that the substance or the tone of his remarks this morning will contribute to creating a lasting peace in the Middle East.
⑦Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy. 她唉声叹气,这说明她不快乐。
⑧Tears sprang to her eyes. 她突然眼泪汪汪。
⑨The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps. 我走在厚厚的地毯上,一点脚步声也没有。
Syntactical Contrast between English and Chinese 英汉句子对比分析
Hypotaxis and Parataxis 形合与意合
汉民族往往借助联想,通过事物间的横向比喻来认识客观存在,这 种思维方式注重事物内涵间的横向联系和比类,且又可以不 受事物外延上种、属制约,因而逐渐发展成重了悟不重形式 论证,轻逻辑、轻实证的思维模式,以及以意驭形的审美范 式。
如果你看到一些脏盘子就感到不舒服的话,那么我想你有问题 了。
③Rain or snow kept them from their usual Sunday afternoon walk or even from a tea-time trip to their nearest shop.
碰到星期天下雨或下雪,他们就没法像往常一样出去散步,甚 至没法在喝下午茶时到附近的店里去跑一趟。
①It's just struck me that I still owe you for the concert tickets.
我突然想起还欠你音乐会的门票钱
②It's very kind of you to be so considerate. 你考虑这么周到,太好了。
③It is not our view that the substance or the tone of his remarks this morning will contribute to creating a lasting peace in the Middle East.
科技英语被动语态的翻译市公开课获奖课件省名师示范课获奖课件
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Translation Skill — Passive Voice
(翻译技巧 ——被动语态旳译法)
汉语被动意义旳体现方式─用词汇旳手段来体现被动意 义
➢“被”字式——不幸语态 ➢“让”、“给”、”叫”、“挨”、“受”、 “遭”、“蒙” ➢“是……旳” 表达静态旳句子 ➢“……旳是” ➢“……加以/予以”构成倒置旳宾语构造
again
and
again.
译:为了探测月球旳表面,人们一次又一次地发射火箭。
It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years
largely determine his character and later personality.
Translation Skill — Passive Voice
(翻译技巧 ——被动语态旳译法)
在英语学习中,被动语态句子十分常见,主要有下列几 种情况:
➢为更加好地联接上下文。
He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.
2.主语译成宾语
把原主语译成宾语,而把行为主体或相当于行为主体旳 介词宾语译成主语
A right kind of fuel is needed for an atomic reactor.
译:原子反应堆需要一种合适旳燃料。
Plants and trees are provided by nature with four means of dispersing their
译成汉语旳其他句型
2.译成汉语旳判断句
科技英语翻译-词类转换公开课获奖课件百校联赛一等奖课件
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功旳大小等于力和距离旳乘积。
Copper wire is flexible. 铜线轻易弯曲。
While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing members of Westerners are equally eager in adopting the traditional medical remedies of China.
这两个物体相距很远,它们之间旳吸引力能够忽视不计。
He took the machine apart yesterday. 他昨天把机器拆开了。
The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart. 因为分子运动而引起旳力能使分子分离。
In the life process, the animal works in the opposite way to the plant.
网络和电子商业将会造就一大批自由职业者,从而将对社会构 造产生深远旳影响。
PCs gave the world a whole new way to work, play and communicate.
个人计算机使整个世界更新了工作、娱乐和通讯方式。
He aims to become a computer expert. 他旳目旳是当一名计算机教授。
当我们步入下一世纪时,人类社会也正由工业经济向知识经济 转变。
Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能替代天然纤维吗?
Copper wire is flexible. 铜线轻易弯曲。
While the Chinese are eager to import modern medical technology from the West, increasing members of Westerners are equally eager in adopting the traditional medical remedies of China.
这两个物体相距很远,它们之间旳吸引力能够忽视不计。
He took the machine apart yesterday. 他昨天把机器拆开了。
The force due to the motion of molecules tends to keep them apart. 因为分子运动而引起旳力能使分子分离。
In the life process, the animal works in the opposite way to the plant.
网络和电子商业将会造就一大批自由职业者,从而将对社会构 造产生深远旳影响。
PCs gave the world a whole new way to work, play and communicate.
个人计算机使整个世界更新了工作、娱乐和通讯方式。
He aims to become a computer expert. 他旳目旳是当一名计算机教授。
当我们步入下一世纪时,人类社会也正由工业经济向知识经济 转变。
Can artificial fibers be used as substitutes for natural fibers? 人造纤维能替代天然纤维吗?
大学英语翻译省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
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When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all things. Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu (=book lover).
倘若完全按原文的句法特征将其译成英文,可能是:
1)I have come across a great many young friends, 2)Bright and diligent, 3)Do exceedingly well in studies, 4)but they are rather weak in Chinese, 5)even can’t write a smooth Chinese letter. 6)When asked why, they’ll say they are not interested in Chinese.
英语的从句前必须根据其语法功能用when, where, who,that, an等表示关联词将其与主句衔接起来. 这也是汉语语法隐含性(covertness)的一种表现.
而英语的语法呈外显性(overtness),体现了英 美人重个体,重分析的思维方式.
Translation
• 汉英词义对比
• 英汉词汇意义的对应程度,大致有以下三种情况 • 1)词义相符(semantic correspondence)
如: 山(mountain), 学生(student), 环境保护(environmental protection)
倘若完全按原文的句法特征将其译成英文,可能是:
1)I have come across a great many young friends, 2)Bright and diligent, 3)Do exceedingly well in studies, 4)but they are rather weak in Chinese, 5)even can’t write a smooth Chinese letter. 6)When asked why, they’ll say they are not interested in Chinese.
英语的从句前必须根据其语法功能用when, where, who,that, an等表示关联词将其与主句衔接起来. 这也是汉语语法隐含性(covertness)的一种表现.
而英语的语法呈外显性(overtness),体现了英 美人重个体,重分析的思维方式.
Translation
• 汉英词义对比
• 英汉词汇意义的对应程度,大致有以下三种情况 • 1)词义相符(semantic correspondence)
如: 山(mountain), 学生(student), 环境保护(environmental protection)
科技英语翻译和写作省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
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3. 表示方式程式化。 文章结构程式化:标题、摘要,正文(引言、叙述、结论)。 介绍某个过程或功效及到达某种目标时,普通利用动词不定式短语组成目标状语,放在句子开头。例: To increase the rate of reaction, a catalyst is used. 简述试验结果时,往往在句首使用引导词 it 作形式主语,组成被动句,It was found the rate of follow was improved by increasing the pressure.
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2.照译法 照译相当于直译或顺译。 两个标准:基本上保留原文语法结构形式,在语序或句序上未作大变动。 保留原文词语字面意义,未加引申和转换。 凡是原文结构靠近汉语,照译时结合汉语语法修辞习惯都能够而且应该照译。 例:All amorphous polymers at sufficiently low temperatures the characteristics of glasses, including hardness, stiffness ,and brittleness.
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2. 大量使用科技词语。 科技文件中除了使用各学科专用科技词语外,还广泛使用各学科通用半科技词语和书面非科技词语。 专用科技词语仅用于某个学科或专业词汇或术语。 半科技词语指那些日惯用于英语,但又是科技英语中惯用那些词汇。例:reaction. 书面非科技词语指主要用于科技英语但却严格地属于非科技性质词语。例: apply, to yield, generation, available, at the rate of 按~~~比率,以~~~速度in terms of 用、借助于in the order of 大约
大学英语翻译省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖PPT课件
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Exercises
–假如经常使用,能使你皮肤变得柔软,湿润 和富有弹性。芬芳香味将给你带来一丝乡村 清新。(护肤霜)
• Regular use will soften, moisturize and enhance your skin. The delicate fragrance will add a touch of country freshness.
–如发觉走时显著变慢,声音变小或无声,表 明电池已用完,应及时更换。(电子闹钟)
• Slow timing, weak or no sound are signs of power fade. Renew the battery.
18/21
–为保持饼干松脆,在开封后请把产品重新封 好或存放于密封罐内。(饼干)
5/21
• ---求知欲强烈,富有创造性,心胸开阔。
• ---Eager to learn and openminded with creativity.
6/21
• ---了解力强并能尊重不一样文化差异。 (热烈欢迎应届毕业生申请这个位置.)
• ---With deep understanding and respect for different cultures. (Warmly welcome the fresh graduates to apply for this position.)
17/21
Байду номын сангаас
–如无必要,勿使冰柜门打开过长时间。(冷 冻柜)
• Do not keep the door open any longer than necessary. –小孩使用本设备时必须注意看管。(微波炉)
Exercises
–假如经常使用,能使你皮肤变得柔软,湿润 和富有弹性。芬芳香味将给你带来一丝乡村 清新。(护肤霜)
• Regular use will soften, moisturize and enhance your skin. The delicate fragrance will add a touch of country freshness.
–如发觉走时显著变慢,声音变小或无声,表 明电池已用完,应及时更换。(电子闹钟)
• Slow timing, weak or no sound are signs of power fade. Renew the battery.
18/21
–为保持饼干松脆,在开封后请把产品重新封 好或存放于密封罐内。(饼干)
5/21
• ---求知欲强烈,富有创造性,心胸开阔。
• ---Eager to learn and openminded with creativity.
6/21
• ---了解力强并能尊重不一样文化差异。 (热烈欢迎应届毕业生申请这个位置.)
• ---With deep understanding and respect for different cultures. (Warmly welcome the fresh graduates to apply for this position.)
17/21
Байду номын сангаас
–如无必要,勿使冰柜门打开过长时间。(冷 冻柜)
• Do not keep the door open any longer than necessary. –小孩使用本设备时必须注意看管。(微波炉)
科技英语翻译技巧省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件
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If a box weighs 10 kilograms, an upward force of 10 kilograms must be exerted to lift it. 假定箱子重量是10千克,就必须施加10千克向上力 才能把它举起来。
1.增补英语中省略词
The best conductor has the least resistance and the
poorest the greatest.
=the poorest
最好导体电阻最小,
conductor has
最差导体电阻最大。
the greatest
resistance.
2.对一些句子结构增加关联词
晶体管有三个电极,即发射极、基极和集电极。
Line AB is the base of the triangle ABC.
AB线是三角形ABC底边。
Mathematics is the base of all other sciences, and arithmetic, the science of numbers, is the base of mathematics.
在这种情况下,炉温就升高。
20 20/65
二、转换成汉语名词
1.一些英语动词概念难以直接用汉语动词表示,翻译时 可转换成名词。
Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear. 这些材料特点是:绝缘性好,耐磨性好。
1 1/65
一、词义选择
英汉两种语言都有一词多义现象,但总来 说,在当代汉语中,同一个词词义在不一样上 下文中差异比较小,一词多义现象不如英语那 么普遍。
1.增补英语中省略词
The best conductor has the least resistance and the
poorest the greatest.
=the poorest
最好导体电阻最小,
conductor has
最差导体电阻最大。
the greatest
resistance.
2.对一些句子结构增加关联词
晶体管有三个电极,即发射极、基极和集电极。
Line AB is the base of the triangle ABC.
AB线是三角形ABC底边。
Mathematics is the base of all other sciences, and arithmetic, the science of numbers, is the base of mathematics.
在这种情况下,炉温就升高。
20 20/65
二、转换成汉语名词
1.一些英语动词概念难以直接用汉语动词表示,翻译时 可转换成名词。
Such materials are characterized by good insulation and high resistance to wear. 这些材料特点是:绝缘性好,耐磨性好。
1 1/65
一、词义选择
英汉两种语言都有一词多义现象,但总来 说,在当代汉语中,同一个词词义在不一样上 下文中差异比较小,一词多义现象不如英语那 么普遍。
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Definition of Translation
Principles for Translation
Faithfulness (contents--- meaning) Coherence (form---style) Various Translation Practices Various Translation Standards Involved Due to Different Texts and Purposes
Definition of Translation
3. “Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.” 所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又 自然的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在 语义上,其次在文体上。
Requirements
考试方式及成绩评定 教学方式:课堂讲授、分析研讨、课后练习。 考核方式:平时综合表现(考勤、课堂活动表 现、课堂作业)50%,课程结业考试50%。
Nature of Translation
Translation is the reproduction of the original message in the target language. Translation is an art. (some specific pieces of translation) (with each piece manifesting its own charms and style in the creative hands of the translator)
[1] 赵萱,郑仰成. 科技英语翻译[M]. 外语教学与研究出版 社,2006. (*****) [2] 武力,赵栓科. 科技英汉与汉英翻译教程[M]. 西北工业 大学出版社,2007.(**) [3] 冯志杰. 汉英科技翻译指要[M] 北京:中国对外翻译出 版公司,1998. (****) [4] 翟天利. 科技英语阅读与翻译实用教程[M]. 北京:新时 代出版社, 2003. (****) [5] 严俊仁. 科技英语翻译技巧[M]. 北京:国防工业出版 社,2000. (****) [6] 严俊仁. 汉英科技翻译[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2004. (****)
By Lu Zhijun (2nd-12th Week)
Translation of EST 《科技英语翻译》
Reference Books
[1] 许建平. 英汉互译实践与技巧[M]. 北京:清华大学出版社,2003 [2] 陈小蔚. 新编实用翻译教程[M]. 北京:经济科学出版社,2006. [3] 冯志杰. 汉英科技翻译指要[M] 北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1998. [4] 翟天利. 科技英语阅读与翻译实用教程[M]. 北京:新时代出版社,2003. [5] 严俊仁. 科技英语翻译技巧[M]. 北京:国防工业出版社,2000. [6] 严俊仁. 汉英科技翻译[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社,2004. [7] 成昭伟. 简明翻译教程[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社,2006. [8] 刘宓庆. 文体与翻译[M]. 北京:中国对外翻译出版公司,1998. [9] 耿洪敏. 实用英汉翻译[M]. 上海:复旦大学出版社,2005. [10] 《中国农业百科全书》(农作物卷)(上、下卷)[M]. 北京: 农业出 版社,1991. [11] 赵萱,郑仰成. 科技英语翻译[M]. 外语教学与研究出版社,2006. [12] 武力,赵栓科. 科技英汉与汉英翻译教程[M]. 西北工业大学出版社,2007.
Four Meanings
Definition of Tபைடு நூலகம்anslation
Definition of Translation
2. Translation means the conversion of an expression from one language into another. To say it plainly, translation is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original… 翻译指的是将词句从一种语言转换成另一 种语言。简单地说,它是用与原作不同的 语言将作者的真正意思准确地复述出来的 一种艺术。
Translation Standards
Literary Translation 严复 “信、达、雅” (faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance) 鲁迅 “凡是翻译,必须兼顾两方面, 一当然是其易解,二则保存着原作的丰 姿。” 傅雷 “神似” (Similarity in Spirit) 钱钟书 “化境” (Sublimation)
Nature of Translation
Translation is a science. (a subject) (rules,laws,principles to for translators to abide by) Translation is a craft or a skill. (a process) (The process of translation has its peculiarity, and none of its rules and principles is universally applicable.)