(完整版)大学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习(专项训练)

一．名词

1．常见的不可数名词

advice luggage bread damage food equipment furniture hair homework housework information knowledge progress population

2．可数名词的特殊形式

1）“s”结尾，单复同形

means series species works

2）形式上是单数，但用作复数

police mankind people cattle audience

3）合成名词的单复数变化，通常在主干词上加“s”brother-in-law （单数）brothers-in-law （复数）passer-by （单数）passers-by （复数）story-teller （单数）story-tellers （复数）

二．形容词

1．形容词可以跟在以下半系动词的后面做表语appear turn feel become stay look come prove grow go get keep

2．容易混淆的形容词

alone lonely alive living live

clean clear considerate considerable continual continuous dead deadly

economical economic efficient effective healthful healthy intense intensive imaginary imaginable imaginative

sensitive sensible successful successive valuable invaluable priceless

valueless worthless historical historic respectable respectful respective

like likely alike

三．副词

1．有些形式相异的副词，意义差别也比较大，如：high highly just justly hard hardly free freely late lately most mostly near nearly

2．些形容词也以-ly结尾，应避免误用为副词，如：lively lovely lonely friendly ugly costly

silly

3．形容词和副词只差一个词尾，但意义大相径庭

hard hardly like likely bare barely

bad badly scarce scarcely

四．介词

1．介词和名词的搭配

1）名词+ about

concern about remark about complaint about

opinion about doubt about

2）名词+ for

ambition for anxiety for cause for desire for

hope for need for sorry for reason for

talent for

3）名词+ from

absence from difference from protection from

4）名词+ in

confident in delight in difficulty in experience in

faith in pride in success in trust in

5）名词+ of

account of capability of care of description of

feeling of habit of impression of intention of

number of pleasure of possibility of shortage of

6）名词+ on （upon ）

authority on dependence on effect on remark on

emphasis on influence on impression on

stress on

7）名词+ over

advantage over control over quarrel over

victory over worry over

8）名词+ to

answer to access to attention to approach to

contrast to exception to gratitude to invitation to

limit to objection to reference to solution to

9）名词+ with

agreement with contact with common with

connection with conversation with trouble with

2．介词+ 名词的固定搭配

at ease at first at last at crossroads at least

at large at once at a loss at present at will

by accident by chance by turns for certain

in general in a sense in theory in practice

in the way in the past in the future in advance

in return in turn in that event in some respects

in a hurry in addition in fact in place in sight

in use in common in private in despair in part

in detail in particular in short on second thoughts

on average on duty on vacation

3．介词和形容词的搭配

1）形容词+ about

anxious about careful about curious about

concerned about careless about certain about

particular about doubtful about

2）形容词+ at

angry at annoyed at good at quick at pleased at

3）形容词+ for

anxious for convenient for eager for famous for

hungry for known for late for necessary for

possible for ready for responsible for suitable for

4）形容词+ from

absent from different from distant from free from

far from protected from

5）形容词+ of

afraid of aware of ashamed of capable of

considerate of conscious of composed of

deprived of full of fond of independent of

proud of regardless of sick of short of tired of

thoughtful of

6）形容词+ to

accustomed to contrary to convenient to

devoted to essential to familiar to favorable to

opposed to peculiar to relevant to be used to

beneficial to

7）形容词+ in

absorbed in confident in disappointed in

experienced in interested in lacking in lost in

rich in successful in

8）形容词+ with

associated with annoyed with angry with

busy with friendly with nervous with patient in

satisfied with

Exercise:

一．单词

1. She has been busy after she became the manager.

Her working day often __ well into the night.

A. expands

B. expends

C. extends

D. extents

2. This __ him to the first rank among the writers of

fiction.

A. raised

B. lifted

C. rose

D. made

3. It is arranged that the opening ceremony will __ at

10:00 Wednesday morning next week.

A. happened

B. occur

C. appear

D. take place

4. The sight __ to me the days of my childhood in the

countryside.

A. reminded

B. recalled

C. remembered

D. recommended

5. Good transportation is essential to the __ growth of

the country.

A. economy

B. economical

C. economics

D. economic

6. The judge’s order to arrest me was no longer __.

A. creative

B. effective

C. efficient

D. competent

7. Burglars broke is into the __ flat while the Whites

were on holiday.

A. vacant

B. blank

C. bare

D. empty

8. She is engaged in __ research.

A. historical

B. historic

C. history

D. histrionic

9. She had never felt so __ and helpless in her life.

A. along

B. lonely

C. alone

D. aloud

10. As far as hobbies are concerned, Tom and his

brother have little in __ .

A. common

B. average

C. popular

D. normal

11. The restoration of China’s lawful rights in the

United Nations was a great __ in history.

A. case

B. incident

C. accident

D. event

12. Mr. Smith will leave for New York in__November.

A. late

B. lately

C. later

D. latter