2008年全国高校俄语专业八级试题
《全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试真题精解(2003--2013)》简介
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安定译 , 北京 , 北京广播学院 出版社 , 2 0 0 4 .
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[ 1 2 ] 余献勤 , 勃 洛克戏剧 研究 [ D ] , 上海, 上海外 国语 大
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及它的美学作用。它直观地证明, 象征主义不见得必 须创作古希腊神话情节的庞大戏剧 , 也没必要披上弥
撒 的外衣 , 并要 求观众充 当古希腊 合 唱队 的角色。 ”
( P o  ̄ H H a 1 9 7 2 : 1 2 7 ) , 我们认为这一评价是 中肯的。
俄语专业八级考试历年综合知识语法真题精选1_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
俄语专业八级考试历年综合知识(语法)真题精选1(总分80, 做题时间150分钟)综合知识1.(2005)Квартира у меня на 15-ом этаже, иокна выходят на юг, поэтому и вспальне, и в кабинете всегдамного________.SSS_SINGLE_SELAсолнцаBсолнцеCсолнцDсолнцу分值: 1答案:A本题主要考查的是名词солнце的意义和变格。
不定量数词много要求名词变二格,很显然,答案В 和答案D是最先被排除掉的。
名词солнце在本题中的意义为“阳光”,属物质名词,不能用复数形式,与不定量数词много连用,只能变单数二格,故只有答案А 为正解。
译文:我的房子在十五层,且窗户都朝南,所以卧室和书房总是阳光充足。
2.(2005) Вода озера________славится своейкристальной чистотой ипрозрачностью.SSS_SINGLE_SELAБайкалаBБайкалC«Байкала»D«Байкал»分值: 1答案:B本题主要考查的是名词中同位语的用法。
同位语中表示各种事物名称的是专有名词,首字母要大写,除了地理名词以外,都放在引号中,故答案С和答案D 首先被排除掉。
表示地理名称的同位语中,有的与被说明词一起变格,有的则不变,而本题中的同位语Байкал就是不与被说明的名词озеро—同变二格的,所以只能选择答案В。
译文:贝加尔湖的湖水以其纯净透明而著称。
3.(2009) Я умею водить машину, но мнебольше нравится ездить________.SSS_SINGLE_SELAпо пассажируBпассажирCпассажировDна пассажире分值: 1答案:C本题主要考查的是名词五格与动词搭配在句中作行为方式方法状语的用法。
全国高校俄语八级水平测试试卷及答案
【百度⽂库 - 俄语国家⽔平考试试题】31.Общее потребление соли, включая соль, ________ в продуктах, не должно превышать 6 граммов в сутки.А) содержащуюсяВ) содержавшуюсяС) содержаннуюD) содержащую本题中考点是形动词的⽤法,要分清主动和被动。
Содержаться 有含在其中的意思。
即有⼩成份含在⼤物件中的意思。
⽽содержать в себе与 включать в себе同义,是包含,即⼤包含⼩。
所以⾷物中的盐本题。
32.Новый метод помог увеличить производительность труда ________ 50 раз.А) более чемВ) более вС) более чем вD) более на本题考点是более 和более чем 的区别,前者是⽐较级,要加名词或数词⼆格,表⽰⽐什么多,⽽如果有前置词则⽤后者。
在07年考题中有⼀个同类型题⽬。
33.В таких зданиях свет льется со всех сторон, ________ нет ни стен, ни потолка.А) какВ) так чтоС) так какD) как будто本题考点是结果,原因,⽐较从句的⽤法。
题⽬的意思是在这样的房⼦⾥阳光从各个⽅向都能射进来。
就像没有墙没有房顶⼀样。
⽽选项⼀是和实现相符的⽐较。
34.Ему нужно было сдавать вступительные экзамены в университет, ________ он и приехал в город.А) зачемВ) когдаС) чтоD) благодаря чему本题考点是接续从句,就是由что 或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,⽤来代指整个主句内容,也可以⽤зачем.почему.отчего表⽰⽬的原因和结果的意义。
初二俄语考试题及答案
初二俄语考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1.下列哪个单词的重音位置不正确?A. учитель(教师)B. учить(教授)C. книга(书)D. день(天)答案:B2.下列哪个单词的复数形式不正确?A. дети(孩子们)B. книги(书)C. дома(家)D. ученики(学生)答案:C3.下列哪个句子的动词时态不正确?A. Я люблю читать книги.(我喜欢读书)B. Мы учимся в школе.(我们在学校学习)C. Он был в Москве.(他去过莫斯科)D. Она пошла в кино.(她去看电影)答案:C4.下列哪个单词的性别不正确?A. мальчик(男孩)B. девочка(女孩)C. врач(医生)D. учительница(女教师)答案:C5.下列哪个单词的格形式不正确?A. в школе(在学校)B. на уроке(在课堂上)C. с другом(和朋友)D. из дома(从家)答案:D二、填空题(每题2分,共20分)1.请用正确的动词形式填空:- Я (читать) _______ сейчас книгу.- Мы (ходить) _______ в парк.答案:читаю, идем2.请用正确的名词形式填空:- У меня есть _______(两本)книги.- Вчера мы были в _______(三个)городах.答案:две, трех3.请用正确的形容词形式填空:- Это _______(美丽)город.- Я люблю _______(好吃)яблоки.答案:красивый, вкусные三、阅读理解(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,回答问题:Вчера утром я проснулся в 7 часов. Затем я поел завтрак и пошел в школу. В школе мы учимся с 9 до 3. После школы я пошел в библиотеку и прочитал книгу. Вечером я смотрелтелевизор и спал в 10 вечера.1. В какой часу автор проснулся?A. 7B. 8C. 9D. 10答案:A2. Сколько времени автор учился в школе?A. 4 часаB. 5 часовC. 6 часовD. 7 часов答案:B3. Куда пошел автор после школы?A. в паркB. в библиотекуC. на урокD. в кино答案:B四、完形填空(每题2分,共20分)阅读下面的短文,从括号内选择合适的单词填空:Моя сестра любит _______(A. писать B. писать письма)еёдрузьям. Она часто _______(A. говорит B. говорит по телефону)с ними. В воскресенье мы _______(A. ходим B. ходили)впарк.Там мы _______(A. фотографировали B. фотографировались)самые красивые места. Вечером мы _______(A. готовились B.готовили)обед и _______(A. смотрели B. смотрели телевизор)новости.答案:B, B, B, A, B, A五、翻译题(每题5分,共20分)1.请将下列俄语句子翻译成中文:- Я люблюиграть в футбол.- Мы учимся в школе.答案:我喜欢踢足球。
08年高考俄语试题
第二部分:阅读理解。
从短文后面每个问题给出的4个选项中选出最佳选项。
本部分共10小题,每小题3分,共30分。
AЯ очень робкий (胆小) человек . Каждый раз , когда я должен встретиться с начальником , я всегда пугаюсь .Недавно мне нужно было попросить начальника перевести (调转) меня вдругой отдел . Нужно пойти к начальнику и поговорить . Но я не могу !У меня есть школьный друг , его зовут Костя . Сейчас он очень известныйчеловек , его знает вся страна .Недавно Костя получил новую квартиру и пригласил меня в гости . Я недумал , что буду говорить с ним о моей проблеме (问题) . Я просто хотелвстретиться с ним , поговорить .И вот я приехал к нему домой . Мы сидели , ели , пили , и сам не знаю как , я рассказал Косте , как я боюсь поговорить с начальником .-- Олег , ты хочешь , чтобы я ему позвонил ? –спросил Костя .-- Нет ,-- ответил я . Не надо .Но Костя сказал :-- Дай номер телефона начальника . Как его зовут ?Костя набрал номер-- Алло , Анатолий Андреевич ? Извините , с вами говорит ... –И Костяназвал свою фамилию . –Дело в том , что у вас работает один мой старый друг . Я узнал , что он очень хочет работать в другом отделе . Да , он талантливый (天才的) человек ... Спасибо ... Да , ещё , я хотел бы , чтобы он не знал , что я вам звонил –ему будет неприятно . Ну спасибо . До свидания .На следующий день я пошёл к начальнику . Он хорошо встретил меня ивнимательно слушал , что я говорю . Под конец он улыбнулся и сказал , что ябуду работать там , где хочу .Через 10 минут я довольный вышел от начальника . Но мне было немного стыдно : может быть , лучше было сделать всё без звонка Кости ?Через полчаса я приехал к Косте с коньяком (白兰地酒) .-- Значит , мой звонок тебе помог ? –спросил Костя .-- Конечно , -- ответил я . –Спасибо !-- Позвонил твоей жене и скажи ей об этом , -- сказал Костя .Я уже хотел взять трубку , но Костя сказал :-- Из моей квартиры ты позвонить не можешь . Телефон ещё не включили . Ну , что ты смотришь на меня ? Мне кажется , я хорошо помог тебе . Я позвонил твоему начальнику из телефона , который не работает . А сейчас пойдипозвонить жене из телефона –автомата (自动收费公用电话) и быстровозвращайся : мы должны выпить этот коньяк за нас и за нашу дружбу !21.Зачем Олегу нужно было пойти к начальнику ?A.Он хотел уйти с работы .B.Он хотел работать в другом отделе .C.Он хотел поговорить о поездке за границу .D.Он хотел пригласить его в гости .22.Зачем автор пошёл в гости к Косте ?A.Он пошёл к нему н6а новоселье .B.Он пошёл к нему поговорить о своей проблеме .C.Он пошёл попросить его помочь .D.Он пошёл поговорить с ним о своём начальнике .23.Почему Олегу было немного стыдно после разговора с начальником ?A.Он думал , что он не такой талантливый , чтобы работать в этом отделе .B.Он не хотел , чтобы за него просили друзья .C.Он не думал , что начальник так хорошо его встретит .D.Начальник сказал , что он плохо работает .24.Как Костя помог Олегу ?A.Он посоветовал пойти к начальнику поговорить .B.Он позвонил начальнику и попросил его помочь Олегу .C.Он пошёл с Олегом к начальнику и поговорил с ним .D.Он сделал вид , что позвонил начальнику Олега .25.Чему учит этот рассказ ?A.Нужно обращаться за помощью к известным людям .B.Легче позвонить начальнику , чем поговорить с ним .C.Звонки начальнику всегда помогают .D.Нужно уметь добиваться цели и не быть робким .ВУчёные беседовали с людьми во многих городах : «Кому в России жить тяжелее , мужчинам или женщинам ?» Большинства (大部分) считает , чтоженщинам тяжелее ,Только 7% людей говорят наоборот . Почти четвертьрусских думает , что женщины и мужчины живут одинаково . По этомувопросу , как и по многим другим вопросам , у женщин и мужчин ответыразные . Так , женщины гораздо чаще , чем мужчины , считают свою жизнь более тяжёлой .Учёные просили также ответить , почему люди так считают . Чаще всего отвечали , что главная задача женщин –это заниматься работой и семьёйодновременно : «везём всё на своих плечах : дети , работа ...» , «всё наженщинах , мужчины редко помогают » . Есть и другой ответ : женщинамтяжелее потому , что они сами больше заботятся о доме и семье . И в том идругом случае видно , что домашняя работа в России –дело женщин .Говорили и о разном положении мужчин и женщин –прежде всего , нарабочем месте : «женщине труднее всего добиться» , «если на работе не нужны люди , первыми теряют место женщины » . И ещё проблема (问题) : «За одну и ту же работу женщине платят меньше » .Но есть и такие , кто считает , что женщинам жить легче , чем мужчинам . Обычно это мнение разделяют (赞同) сами мужчины : «Мужчина долженотвечать за всё , поэтому роль мужчины более сложная » .Что изменилось за последние 20 лет ? Люди спорят на эту тему .Те , кто считает , что женщинам стало тяжелее , объясняют так : «Раньше всёспокойно было . Мы были уверены , что есть работа , что рано или поздно тыполучишь квартиру ... Вот сейчас нам страшно пред будущим » .А те , ктосчитает , что жизнь женщин изменилась в лучшую сторону , радуются новымвозможностям (机会) .Людей попросили закончить предложение (句子) : «Сегодня женщинуможно назвать счастливой , если ... » . Чаще всего продолжали так : длясчастливой женщины необходимы (必要的) и семья с детьми , и деньги , ихорошая работа , и крепкое здоровье .26.Сколько людей в России считают , что жизнь у женщин такая же , как умужчин ?A.Около 15%B.Около 20%C.Около 25%D.Большинство27.Кто чаще считает , что в России у женщин жизнь более тяжёлая ?A.МужчиныB.ЖенщиныC.УчёныеD.Старые люди28.На что , чаще всего , жалуются женщины ?A.На то , что они получают меньше .B.На то , что у них меньше возможностей .C.На то , что кроме работы , им надо ещё заботиться о семье .D.На то , что они занимают более низкое положение на работе .29.Почему некоторые говорят , что женщинам жить легче , чем мужчинам ?A.Женщине не нужно ходить на работу .B.Женщина больше любит семью и детей .C.Роль женщины проще , чем у мужчины .D.Работа у мужчины тяжелее , чем у женщины .30.Что , по мнению русских , необязательно нужно для счастья женщины ?A.Высокое положениеB.Хорошее здоровьеC.Хорошая работаD.Семья и дети第三部分:俄语知识运用。
09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上
09全国高校俄语专业八级水平考试考卷和答案上31.0 6 qee noTpe6 畀eHue co 畀u ,BK畀Qqa 刃co 畀b , ______ BnpogykTax , He go畀冰HOnpeBbimaT b 6 rpaMMoB B CyTKU.A) c ogep冰aqyec刃B )c ogepxaBmyracnC) cogep冰aHHye D)cogep冰aqye本题中考点是形动词的用法,要分清主动和被动。
Cogep冰aTbc刃有含在其中的意思。
即有小成份含在大物件中的意思。
而cogepxaT b B ce6e与BK畀QqaT b B ce6e 同义,是包含,即大包含小。
所以食物中的盐本题。
32.H o Bbi访MeTog noMoryBe^uHUT bnpou3BoguTe 畀bH OCT b Tpyga______ 50 pa3.A) 60 畀ee qeMB ) 60 畀ee BC) 60 畀ee neM B D) 60 畀ee Ha本题考点是60畀ee 和60畀ee neM的区别,前者是比较级,要加名词或数词二格,表示比什么多,而如果有前置词则用后者。
在07年考题中有一个同类型题目。
33.B Takux 3gaHUHx CBeT畀b eTCH C0 Bcex CT0p0H , ____________HeT HU CTeH , HU n0T0 畀Ka.A) kakB ) Tak HT0C) Tak kak D) kak 6ygT0本题考点是结果,原因,比较从句的用法。
题目的意思是在这样的房子里阳光从各个方向都能射进来。
就像没有墙没有房顶一样。
而选项一是和实现相符的比较。
34.E My H y冰H0 6bi畀0 cgaBaT b BCTynuTe 畀bH bie Bk3aMeHbi B yHUBepcuTeT , ___________ 0H Unpuexa 畀B r0p0g.A) 3aneMB ) k0rgaC) HT0 D)6 畀a「0gapH neMy本题考点是接续从句,就是由HT0或者带前置词的其他格引导的从句,用来代指整个主句内容,也可以用结果的意义35. y MeH 刃MHoro pa6oTbi______ B Bockpece Hbe M He He npugeTC 刃OTgbixaT b.A) noTOMy HTO B ) Tak HTOC) 3 a HTO D) 3aneM本题考点是结果从句。
2008专八试题
SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Questions 1 to 5 are based on a conversation. At the end of the conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the conversation.1. Mary doesn’t seem to favour the idea of a new airport becauseA. the existing airports are to be wastedB. more people will be encouraged to travel.C. more oil will be consumed.D. more airplanes will be purchased.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary as a potential disadvantage?A. More people in the area.B. Noise and motorways.C. Waste of land.D. Unnecessary travel.3. Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airport EXCEPTA. more job opportunities.B. vitality to the local economy.C. road construction,D. presence of aircrew in the area.4. Mary thinks that people don’t need to do much travel nowadays as a result ofA. less emphasis on personal contact.B. advances in modern telecommunications.C. recent changes in people’s concepts.D. more potential damage to the area5. We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Mary’s ideas,A. strongly in favour ofB. mildly in favour ofC. strongly againstD. mildly againstIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. A new government was formed after Sunday’s elections.B. The new government intends to change the welfare system.C. The Social Democratic Party founded the welfare system.D. The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. The tapes of the Apollo-11 mission were first stored inA. a U.S. government archives warehouse.B. a NASA ground tracking station.C. the Goddard Space Flight Centre.D. none of the above places.8. What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger?A. He is assigned the task to look for the tapes.B. He believes that the tapes are probably lost.C. He works in a NASA ground receiving site.D. He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9. The example in the news item is cited mainly to showA. that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetentB. that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations.C. that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment.D. that language barriers can result in fatal consequences.10. According to Dr. Flores, hospitals and clinicsA. have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters.B. have realized the problems of language barriers.C. have begun training their staff to be bilinguals.D. have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis.In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheetAt the age of 16,Lee Hyuk Joon’s life is a living hell. The South Korean 10th grader gets up at 6 in the morning to go to school, and studies most of the day until returning home at 6 p.m. After dinner,it’s time to hit the books again—at one of Seoul’s many so-called cram schools. Lee gets back home at 1 in the morning,sleeps less than five hours, then repeats the routine—five days a week. It’s a grueling schedule, but Lee worries that it may not be good enough to get him into a top university. Some of his classmates study even harder.South Korea’s education system has long been highly competitive. But for Lee and the other 700,000 high-school sophomores in the country, high-school studies have gotten even more intense. That’s because South Korea has conceived a new college-entrance system,which will be implemented in 2008. This year’s 10th graders will be the first group evaluated by the new admissions standard, which places more emphasis on grades in the three years of high school and less on nationwide SAT-style and other selection tests, which have traditionally determined which students go to the elite colleges.The change was made mostly to reduce what the government says is a growing education gap in the country: wealthy students go to the best colleges and get the best jobs, keeping the children of poorer families on the social margins. The aim is to reduce the importance of costly tutors and cram schools, partly to help students enjoy a more normal high-school life. But the new system has had the opposite effect. Before,students didn’t worry too much about their grade-point averages; the big challenge was beating the standardized tests as high-school seniors. Now students are competing against one another over a three-year period, and every midterm and final test is crucial. Fretful parents are relying even more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their children succeed.Parents and kids have sent thousands of angry online letters to the Education Ministry complaining that the new admissions standard is setting students against each other. "One can succeed only when others fail,” as one parent said.Education experts say that South Korea’s public secondary-school system is foundering, while private education is thriving. According to critics, the country’s high schools are almost uniformly mediocre—the result of an egalitarian government education policy. With the number of elite schools strictly controlled by the government, even the brightest students typically have to settle for ordinary schools in their neighbourhoods, where the curriculum is centred on average students. To make up for the mediocrity, zealous parents send their kids to the expensive cram schools.Students in affluent southern Seoul neighbourhoods complain that the new system will hurt them the most. Nearly all Korean high schools will be weighted equally in the college-entrance process, and relatively weak students in provincial schools, who may not score well on standardized tests, often compile good grade-point averages.Some universities, particularly prestigious ones, openly complain that they cannot select the best students under the new system because it eliminates differences among high schools. They’ve asked for more discretion in picking students by giving more weight to such screening tools as essay writing or interviews.President Roh Moo Hyun doe sn’t like how some colleges are trying to circumvent the new system. He recently criticized "greedy" universities that focus more on finding the best students than faying to "nurture good students". But amid the crossfire between the government and universities,the country’s 10th graders are feeling the stress. On online protest sites,some are calling themselves a “cursed generation” and “mice in a lab experiment”. It all seems a touch melodramatic,but that’s the South Korean school system.11. According to the passage, the new college-entrance system is designed toA. require students to sit for more college-entrance tests.B. reduce the weight of college-entrance tests.C. select students on their high school grades only.D. reduce the number of prospective college applicants.12. What seems to be the effect of introducing the new system?A. The system has given equal opportunities to students.B. The system has reduced the number of cram schools.C. The system has intensified competition among schools.D. The system has increased students’ study load.13. According to critics, the popularity of private education is mainly the result ofA. the government’s egalitarian policy.B. insufficient number of schools:C. curriculums of average quality.D. low cost of private education.14. According to the passage, there seems to be disagreement over the adoption of the new system between the following groups EXCEPTA. between universities and the government.B. between school experts and the government.C. between parents and schools.D. between parents and the government.15. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author’s treatment of the topic?A. Objective.B. Positive.C. Negative.D. Biased.Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones was a teenager before he saw his first cow in his first field. Born in Jamaica, the 47-year-old grew up in inner-city Birminghambefore making a career as a television producer and launching his own marketing agency. But deep down he always nurtured every true Englishman’s dream of a rustic life, a dream that his entrepreneurial wealth has allowed him to satisfy. These days he’s the owner of a thriving 12-hectare farm in deepest Devon with cattle,sheep and pigs. His latest business venture: pushing his brand of Black Fanner gourmet sausages and barbecue sauces. “My background may be very urban,” says Emmanuel-Jones. “But it has given me a good idea of what other urbanites want.”And of how to sell it. Emmanuel-Jones joins a herd of wealthy fugitives from city life who are bringing a new commercial know-how to British farming. Britai n’s burgeoning farmers’ markets -numbers have doubled to at least 500 in the last five years—swarm with specialty cheesemakers, beekeepers or organic smallholders who are redeploying the business skills they learned in the city. "Everyone in the rural community has to come to terms with the fact that things have changed." Says Emmanuel-Jones. "You can produce the best food in the world,but if you don’t know how to market it, you are wasting your time. We are helping the traditionalists to move on."The emergence of the new class of superpeasants reflects some old yearnings. If the British were the first nation to industrialize, they were also the first to head back to the land. "There is this romantic image of the countryside that is particularly English," says Alun Howkins of the University of Sussex, who reckons the population of rural England has been rising since 1911. Migration into rural areas is now running at about 100,000 a year, and the hunger for a taste of the rural life has kept land prices buoyant even as agricultural incomes tumble. About 40 percent of all farmland is now sold to "lifestyle buyers" rather than the dwindling number of traditional farmers, according to the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.What’s new about the latest re turnees is their affluence and zeal for the business of producing quality foods, if only at a micro-level. A healthy economy and surging London house prices have helped to ease the escape of the would-be rustics. The media recognize and feed the fantasy. One of the big TV hits of recent years,the "River Cottage" series, chronicled the attempts of a London chef to run his own Dorset farm.Naturally,the newcomers can’t hope to match their City salaries, but many are happy to trade any loss of income for the extra job satisfaction. Who cares if there’s no six-figure annual bonus when the land offers other incalculable compensations?Besides, the specialist producers can at least depend on a burgeoning market for their products. Today’s eco-aware generation loves to seek out authentic ingredients. "People like me may be making a difference in a small way," Jan McCourt,a onetime investment banker now running his own 40-hectare spread in the English Midlands stocked with rare breeds.Optimists see signs of far-reaching change: Britain isn’t catching up with mainland Europe; it’s leading the way. “Unlike most other countries, where artisanal food production is being eroded, here it is being recovered," says food writer Matthew Fort. “It may be the mark of the n ext stage of civilization that we rediscover the desirability of being a peasant.” And not an investment banker.16. Which of the following details of Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones is INCORRECT?A. He was born and brought up in Birmingham.B. He used to work in the television industry.C. He is wealthy, adventurous and aspiring.D. He is now selling his own quality foods.17. Most importantly, people like Wilfred have brought to traditional British farmingA. knowledge of farming.B. knowledge of brand names.C. knowledge of lifestyle.D. knowledge of marketing,18. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence of a new class of farmers?A. Strong desire for country life.B. Longing for greater wealth,C. Influence of TV productions.D. Enthusiasm for quality food business.19. What is seen as their additional source of new income?A. Modern tendency to buy natural foods.B. Increase in the value of land property.C. Raising and selling rare live stock. VD. Publicity as a result of media coverage.20. The sentence in the la st paragraph “...Britain isn’t catching up with mainland Europe; it’s leading the way" implies thatA. Britain has taken a different path to boost economy.B. more authentic foods are being produced in Britain.C. the British are heading back to the countryside.D. the Europeans are showing great interest in country life.In Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells,but these aren’t stereotypical castles in Spain. These castles are made up of human beings, not stone. The people who perform thisagile feat of acrobatics are called castellers, and to see their towers take shape is to observe a marvel of human cooperation.First the castellers form what looks like a gigantic rugby scrummage. They are the foundation blocks of the castle. Behind them, other people press together,forming outward-radiating ramparts of inward-pushing muscle: flying buttresses for the castle. Then sturdy but lighter castellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand, barefoot, on their shoulders—then still others, each time adding a higher "story".These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings: nine “stories”, 35 feet into the air. Then, just When it seems this tower of humanity can’t defy gravity any longer, a little kid emerges from the crowd and climbs straight up to the top. Arms extended, the child grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below.Dressed in their traditional costumes, the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time, before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid t he Mediterranean’s most dynamic city. But when you observe-them tip close, in their street clothes,at practice,you see there’s nothing easy about what the castellers do - and that they are not merely reenacting an ancient ritual.None of the castellers can-give a logical answer as to why they love doing this. But Victor Luna, 16, touches me on the shoulder and says in English: "We do it because it’s beautiful. We do it because we are Catalan."Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan, and to understand Barcelona, you must understand two words of Catalan: seny and rauxa. Seny pretty much translates as common sense, or the ability to make money, arrange things, and get things done. Rauxa is reminiscent of our words “raucous” and “ruckus”.What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embody rauxa and seny. The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies common sense—but to watch onegoing up is to see seny in action. Success is based on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal.The succ ess of Carlos Tusquets’ bank, Fibanc, shows seny at work in everyday life. The bank started as a family concern and now employs hundreds. Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelona is different.Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—the ancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct from the rest of Spain yet essential to Spain’s emergence, after centuries of repression, as a prosperous,democratic European country. Catalonia, with Barcelona as its dynamo, has turned into an economic powerhouse. Making up 6 percent of Spain’s territory, with a sixth of its people,it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spain’s production—everything from textiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoying its own economic miracle.Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa,and there’s no better place to see rauxa in action than on the Ramblas, the venerable, tree-shaded boulevard that, in gentle stages, leads you from the centre of Barcelona down to the port. There are two narrow lanes each way for cars and motorbikes,but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblas a front-row seat for Barcelona’s longest running theatrical event. Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk. Sit in one of them, and an attendant will come and charge you a small fee. Performance artists throng the Ramblas—stilt walkers, witches caked in charcoal dust, Elvis impersonators. But the real stars are the old women and happily playing children, millionaires on motorbikes, and pimps and women who, upon closer inspection, prove not to be.Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes: “Last night there was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room,” Mariana Bertagnolli, an Italian photographer, told me. "The balcony was on the second floor. He was naked, and he was talking into a cell phone."There you have it,Barcelona’s essence. The man is naked (rauxa), but he is talking into a cell phone (seny).21. From the description in the passage, we learn thatA. all Catalonians can perform castells.B. castells require performers to stand on each other.C. people perform castells in different formations.D. in castells people have to push and pull each other.22. According to the passage, the4mplication of the performance is thatA. the Catalonians are insensible and noisy people.B. the Catalonians show more sense than is expected.C. the Catalonians display paradoxical characteristics.D. the Catalonians think highly of team work.23. The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT __________ to show seny at work.A. development of a bankB. dynamic role in economyC. contribution to national economyD. comparison with other regions24. In the last but two paragraph,the Ramblas is described as “a front-row se at for Barcelona’s longest running theatrical event”. What does it mean?A. On the Ramblas people can see a greater variety of performances.B. The Ramblas provides many front seats for the performances.C. The Ramblas is preferred as an important venue for the events.D. Theatrical performers like to perform on the Ramblas.25. What is the main impression of the scenes on the Ramblas?A. It is bizarre and Outlandish.B. It is of average quality.C. It is conventional and quiet.D. It is of professional standard.The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcy protection a year after his funeral. After his death,the firm’s letterhead properly included him: Patrick S. Lanigan, 1954-1992. He was listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Then the rumors got started and wouldn’t stop. Before long, everyone believed he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months, no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages and the bank notes, back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy. Since Patrick’s departure,they had tried every possible way to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were raging alcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but nevertogether. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on the brink of sobriety.He took their money. Their millions. Money they had already spent long before it arrived, as only lawyers can do. Money for their richly renovated office building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes, yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved, the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it,almost touch it when their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possible second.He was dead. They buried him on February 11, 1992. They had consoled the widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Yet six weeks later, he somehow stole their money.They had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan,the firm’s senior partner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from its source into a new account offshore, and this made sense after some discussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of which the firm would keep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi, population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk. Soon everyone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plans to display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldest of the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsible for hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.Doug Vitrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommend Patrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and when Patrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he had access to virtually every file in the office. Bogan, Rapley,Vitrano, Havarac, and Lanigan, Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed "Specialists in Offshore Injuries." Specialists or not,like most firms they would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative. Lots of secretaries and paralegals. Big overhead, and the strongest political connections on the Coast.They were all in their mid- to late forties. Havarac had been raised by his father on a shrimp boat. His hands were still proudly calloused, and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped. Rapley was severely depressed and seldom left his home, where he wrote briefs in a dark office in the attic.26. What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patrick’s disappearance?A. They all wanted to divorce their wives.B. They were all heavily involved in debts.C. They were all recovering from drinking.D. They had bought new homes, yachts, etc.27. Which of the following statements contains a metaphor?A. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.B. …they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner...C. …, attached unwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages...D. …, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.28. According to the passage, what is the main cause of Patrick stealing the money?A. Patrick was made a partner of the firm.B. The partners agreed to have the money transferred.C. Patrick had access to all the files in the firm.D. Bogan decided to hire Patrick nine years earlier.29. The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPTA. greedy.B. extravagantC. quarrelsome.D. bad-tempered.30. Which of the following implies a contrast?A. …, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi,population fifty thousand.B. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus the bankruptcy.C. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.D. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet31. The largest city in Canada isA. Vancouver.B. Montreal.C. TorontoD. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, the legislative power is invested inA. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress.33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand isA. the President.B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarch,D. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic work byA. William Langland.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The American?A. Herman Melville.B. Nathaniel Hawthorne.C. Henry James.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th -century Britain EXCEPTA. George Eliot.B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing.D. Muriel Spark.38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Displacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim is interested in poetry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the same form is calledA. hyponymy.B. synonymy.C. polysemy.D. homonymy.Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as instructed.PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHTranslate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.都市寸土千金,地价炒得越来越高,今后将更高。
2008年专八真题听力原文
听力原文2008Part 1, Listening ComprehensionSECTION A MINI-LECTUREThe popularity of EnglishGood morning, everyone. Today's lecture is about the popularity of English.As we all know, English is widely used in the world. Althpugh English is not the language with the largest number of native or first language speakers, it has really become a lingua franca. Then what is a lingua franca? The term refers to a language which is widely adopted for communication be¬tween two speakers whose native languages are different from each others and where one or both speakers are using it as a second language ( Q1). For example, when an Indian talks to a Singapore¬an using English, then English is the lingua franca.Then actually how many people speak English as either a first or a second language? Some re¬searches suggested that a few years ago that between 320 , 000 , 000 to 380 , 000 , 000 people spoke English as a first language. And anyway between 250 , 000 , 000 to 350 , 000 , 000 as a second lan¬guage ( Q2 ) . And of course , if we include people who are learning English as a foreign language all over the world, that number may increase dramatically. Then we may ask a question, how did Eng¬lish get there? That is how did English gain the present status of popularity?There are in fact a number of interlocking reasons for the popularity of English as a lingua fran¬ca. Many of the reasons are historical , but they also include economic and cultural factors that influ¬enced and sustained this spread of the language. Let's go through the reasons one by one. First, it's the historical reason ( Q3) . This is related to the colonial history. As we know, when' the Pilgrim Fathers landed on the Massachusetts coast in 1620 after their journey from England, they brought with them not just a set of religious beliefs, a pioneering spirit or a desire for colonization, but also their language. Although many years later, the Americans broke away from their colonial master, the language of English remained and still does. It was the same in Australia too. When Commander Philippe planted the British flag in Sydney curve on the 26th of January 1788 , it was not just a bunch of British convicts and their guardians but also a language. In other parts of the former British Empire, English rapidly became a unifying or dominating means of control. For example, it became a lingua franca in India where a variety of indigenous languages made the use of any one of them as a whole country system problematic ( Q4). So the imposition of English as the one language of a ministration helps maintain the colonizers' control and power. Thus English traveled around many parts of the world in those days and long after that colonial empire has faded away. It is too widely used as a main or at least an institutional language in countries as far apart as Jamaica and Pakistan, \ Uganda and New Zealand. That is the first factor.Now the second major factor. in the spread of English has been the spread of commerce through¬out the world. The spread of international commerce has taken English along with it ( Q5 ) . This is the 20111 century phenomenon of globalization. Therefore, one of the first sights many travelers see when arriving in countries as diverse as Brazil, China for example, it's the yellow, twin art sign of a Macdonald's fast food restaurant or some other famous brand's outlets. And without doubt, English is used as the language of communication in the international business community.And the third factor related to the popular use of English is the boom in international travel ( Q6).And you will find that much travel and tourism is carried on around the world in English. Of course this is not always the case. As the multi-lingualism of many tourism workers in different coun¬tries demonstrate. But a visit to most airports on the globe will show signs not only in the language of that country but also in English. Just as many airline announcements are broadcast in English too. Whatever the language of the country the airport is situated in. So far, English is also the preferred language of air-traffic control in many countries and it is used widely in sea travel communication ( Q7 ).Another factor has something to do with the information exchange around the world. As we all know, a great deal of academic discourse around the world takes place in English. It is often a lingua franca of conferences, for example. And many journal articles in fields as diverse as astronomy, trial psychology and zoology have English as a kind of default language ( Q8).The last factor I cite here concerns popular culture. In the western world at least, English is a dominating language in popular culture. Pop music in English can be heard on many radios ( Q9). Thus many people who are not English speakers can sing words from their favorite English medium songs. And many people who are regular cinema-goers or TV viewers can frequently hear English in sub-titled films coming out of the USA.Now, to sum up, in today's lecture, we have reviewed some of the reasons or factors that lie be¬hind the popular use of English as the NO. 1 world language. Before we finish, I would like to leave a few questions for you to think about. Is the status of English as the NO. 1 world language assured in the future? Will it split into varieties that become less mutually intelligible? Or some other language or languages take the place of English as the world language in future ( Q1 ). These questions are not easy to answer, I know, but they are definitely worth pondering over after the lecture. OK, let's bring us to the end of today's lecture. Thank you for your attention. SECTION B CONVERSATIONW Hello! Freddy.NI: Hello! Marry. How nice to see you again! How is everything going?W Fine. Busy these days?M : Yeah. With lots of things to do. Would you like to join me for a drink?W: Ok! Thanks!M: Any news recently?W Oh! Well , I read in the local paper the other day that the government is planning to build an air¬port here. You knew that?M Afraid not.My real objection to this idea of a new airport is... is that the whole thing is so wasteful. I mean, we know we are currently in a fuel crisis. We know that we've got to conserve oil and fuel and all the rest of it and yet here the government seems quite deliberately to be encouraging people to travel, to use. And these jets use a heck of a lot of oil. I mean it takes a ton of oil, a ton of pet¬rol before one of this big jets even takes off (Q1).M: Hmmm.W: It seems so completely short-sighted to me, quite apart from all the waste of land and so on. I can't see, I can't see the rational behind really wanting an... an airport at all.M: Well, surely you must admit the existing airport nearby are becoming swarmed. I mean, why should people...NV: Well, they are being swarmed.111: be treated like cattle when there's a chance of a new airport here.W: But, but really, people shouldn't be traveling as much. That's, that's why most of the journeys, I mean, they are swarmed, because there is far too much unnecessary tourism and so on. It isn't necessary for people to travel so fast, or still, even so often ( Q2).M: Well. You take the climate here in this country. Now, just before Christmas, there 'was this dreadful cold spell and there was a tremendous increase in the number of people who wanted to leave and spend Christmas and the New Year in a reasonable climate of sun and a certain mild climate. And in summer, the same situation occurs. It is unbearably hot here and people want go somewhere cool.W: Yes, I can sympathize with that. But it is still not really necessary to do or as it is necessary to conserve fuel and it is necessary to ... well not to waste land, I mean, land for new airport could be used for far more important things which would benefit the people here far more ( Q2). I mean, it could be used for farming, for instance.M: True.W: It could also be used for housing, or it could be used for parks, you know. People then, could come and enjoy themselves without having to travel far.Mi But, airports do bring some local advantages. They bring roads, there's obviously extra employ¬ment, for instance, new hotels, shops, restaurants will have to be built, this means, more jobs for the locals and it is good for local economy ( Q3).W: But, you ask the people, you ask those who are now living near the airports, for instance, whether they reckon that airports are bringing them advantages or the airport is bringing noise and vast motorways and the whole area is desolated, isn't it? ( Q2)M: But, the airport infrastructure relies on housing and other facilities for the great number of people who would be employed in the airport, the pilot even, the stewardnesses. They have to live somewhere near the airport, right?W: Yeah, but it's, it's just so damaging to the whole area. I think, airports, from my point of view, the whole concept is outdated really. With modern technology, we're going to make a lot of travel unnecessary, really (Q4). For example, it won't be necessary for businessman to fly out to a foreign country to talk to somebody. They can just lift up telephone in the office, press the but¬ton and see the person they want to do business with. You see, business deals can be made with¬out having to travel back and forth, right?M: Yes, you're right. But, for a lot of people, 'personal contact is important. And this means travel, and means quick travel, air 'travel and we just need a new airport (Q5).SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNews Item 1 (for question 6)The New Moderates Party began forming the new Swedish government on Monday. In Sunday's Elections , the New Moderates Party defeated the Social Democrats. The Social Democratic Party has controlled Sweden for all but nine years since 1932 , building up the country's generous welfare state. But the New Moderates wants to change it. ( Q6 ) Sweden's welfare system is famed around the world, but the system encourages people to be lazy and unemployment is also high in Sweden. One reason is the high tax on companies which makes it difficult to employ new people.News Item 2 (for questions 7 and 8)Much of the world was watching on television when the command of the Apollo-11 mission Neal Armstrong tookthe first steps on the moon in July 1969. The pictures of that historic footstep and • everything else about that and subsequent of Apollo moon landings were recorded on magnetic tape at three NASA ground tracking stations around the world. The tapes were then shipped to a NASA operation centre near Washington—the Goddard Space Flight Centre. ( Q7 ) In late 1969 , the space a¬gency began transferring them and tens of thousands of tapes from other space missions to a nearby U. S. government archives warehouse: NASA says it asked for them back in the 1970s, but now does not know where they are. "I probably am overly sensitive to the word `lost' . I did not feel they are lost. " said Richard Nafzger, a Goddard Space Flight Centre engineer who was in charge of television processing from all of NASA's ground receiving sites. The Space Agency has authorized him to set a¬side his other duties for the foreseeable future and devote his time to the hunt for the tapes. Nafzger says- they are stored somewhere. ( Q8 )News Item 3 (for questions 9 and 10)More than 22 million people who live in the Unite State don't speak or understand English very well and that can be deadly. In a study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, Doctor Glan Flores highlights some cases where language barriers prevented patients from communicating with health-care providers with serious consequences. ( Q9 ) Doctor Flores records one incident in which English-speaking doctors `thought a Spanish-speaking man was suffering from a drug over-doze. "He was in the hospital basically for two days being worked up for drug abuse " , Flores says. " They finally did a head CT scan and realized he had had a major bleed into his brain. He ended up being paralyzed and he got a 71 million dollars settlement award from the hospital. " Doctor Flores , a pro¬fessor at the Medical College of Wisconsin, says that despite examples like that, the majority of US health-care facilities still do not have trained interpreters on sight, but he acknowledges that increas¬ing numbers of health care workers are bilingual and that more clinics and hospitals do make sure their staff and patients understand each other. ( Q10)。
专八语言学试题【答案版本】
1. F. de. Saussure is a (n) __________linguist.A. AmericanB. BritishC. SwissD. RussianSwiss linguist. The founder of structural linguistics, he declared that there is only an arbitrary relationship between a linguistic sign and that which it signifies. The posthumously published collection of his lectures,Course in General Linguistics (1916), is a seminal work of modern linguistics.索绪尔,费迪南德·德:(1857-1913) 瑞士语言学家,结构主义语言的创始人,他声称在语言符号和其所指含义之间仅有一种模糊的关系。
他死后,他的讲演集出版为《普通语言学教程》(1916年),是现代语言学的开山之作2.N. Chomsky is a(n) ______linguist.Canadian B. American C. French D. SwissAmerican linguist who revolutionized the study of language with his theory of generative grammar, set forth inSyntactic Structures (1957).乔姆斯基,诺阿姆:(生于1928) 美国语言学家,他在《句法结构》(1957年)一书中所阐述的关于生成语法的理论曾使语言学研究发生突破性进展3.___________is the study of speech sounds in language or a language with reference totheir distribution and patterning and to tacit rules governing pronunciation.A.PhonologyB. Lexicography 词典编纂C. lexicology词典学D.Morphology词态词态学音位学研究的是一种语言的整个语音系统及其分布,包括某一特定语言里的语音和音位分部和结合的规律。
08年12月国际商务俄语等级考试(初级)试卷及答案
( ) А. в доме отдыха
短文 5
Вопрос5. Какое время года любит автор ?
( ) А. весну
短文 6
Вопрос6. Кто по профессии Сергей ?
( ) А. журналист
短文 7
Б. домой
Б. дома
Б. футбольный
А. 主语
Б. 谓语
В. 补语
Г. 状语
( )7. ____ студент ваш брат ?
А. Тот
Б. Та
В. То
Г. Те
( )8. Он часто пишет _____ письмо.
А. меня
Б. мне
В. мной
Г. на меня
( )9. ____ красивое здание !
( ) А. китайский язык Б. английский язык В. немецкий язык
Вопрос13. Какой язык знает Саша ?
( ) А. китайский язык Б. английский язык В. немецкий язык
短文 12
Б. Каждым днём
Г. На каждый день
В. Чьё
В. в кино
В. По Пекине
В. его диван
В. в Пекине
В. физику
В. математикой
В. 7 лет
Г. Чьи
А. кто
Б. кого
В. кому
2008英语专业八级考试完整答案
2008英语专业八级考试完整答案听力部分1. native language2. 3503. Historical4. India5. commerce6. Boom7. sea travel communication8. conference9. many radios 10. splitSection B: 1-5 B C A C D Section C: 6-10 D A B C B阅读部分11-15. C B D A C 16-20. B D C D B21-25. C A D D B 26-30. C A D B C人文知识31 选C加拿大最大的城市是TORONTO32 选D立法权是国会THE33 选A 棒球一切都始于棒球美国的体育文化脱胎于棒球,一直以来,棒球就一直是文人们的最爱。
作为最古老的美式运动,棒球的形态一直保存完整,历史学家们视之为宝物34 新西兰的最高长官是B governor general 总督35选B THE CANTERBURY TALES 是GEORFFERY CHAUCER 写的36 选C THE AMERICAN 是谁写的Henrry James37 选A 不是20世纪英国女作家那题选A 其他都是20世纪著名的女性作家乔治.艾略特(George Eliot)原名玛丽·安·埃文斯Mary Ann Evans,1819年11月22日-1880年12月22日,英国小说家,与狄更斯和萨克雷齐名。
其主要作品有《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》The Mill on the Floss,《米德尔马契》等。
38 选D 历时性(diachronicity) 这个不是语言学的特性39选B 并列句but连接的两个分句40选D homonymy指的是语汇中一对对或是一组组的单词,虽然意思不同,但是发音相同,或拼写相同,又或者是发音和拼写都相同。
这些一对对一组组的单词我们称之为homonym(同形同音异义词、同形异义词、同音异义词)。
商务俄语考试 2008.12 初
全国外经贸从业人员认证考试国际商务俄语等级考试(初级)试卷2008年12月一、听下列短文,选择正确的答案。
(将三个选项中最佳答案填写在括号中,每个1分,共15分。
)短文1Вопрос1. Куда Мари часто пишет письмо ? ( ) А. в школуБ. домойВ. на завод短文2Вопрос2. Где обычно обедает друг автора ? ( ) А. в общежитииБ. домаВ. в столовой短文3Вопрос3. Какой матч смотрел друг? () А. баскетбольный Б. футбольныйВ. волейбольный短文4Вопрос4. Где мама в пятницу ? ( ) А. в доме отдыхаБ. на работеВ. в школе短文5Вопрос5. Какое время года любит автор ? ( ) А. веснуБ. летоВ. осень短文6Вопрос6. Кто по профессии Сергей ? ( ) А. журналистБ. рабочийВ. ученик短文7Вопрос7. Куда они решили пойти ?( ) А. в театрБ.на улицуВ. в кино短文8Вопрос8. Где они много гуляют ?( ) А. По МосквеБ. По ПетербургеВ. По Пекине短文9Вопрос9. Что стоял в самой большой комнате Чайковского ?( ) А. его шкафБ. его рояльВ. его диван短文10Вопрос10. Где учился друг автора раньше ?( ) А. в ХарбинеБ. в ШанхаеВ. в ПекинеВопрос11. Что изучал автор в институте ?( ) А. математикуБ. русский языкВ. физику短文11Вопрос12. Какой язык знает Катя ?( ) А. китайский языкБ. английский языкВ. немецкийязыкВопрос13. Какой язык знает Саша ?( ) А. китайский языкБ. английский языкВ. немецкий язык短文12Вопрос14. Чем интересуется Павел Андреевич ?( ) А. физикойБ. химиейВ. математикойВопрос15. Сколько лет Павлу ?( ) А. 30 лет Б. 13 лет В. 7 лет二、单项选择题:(将四个选项中最佳答案填写在括号中,每个1分,共30分。
俄语专四专八解析真题答案
俄语专四专八解析真题答案在求职和升学的过程中,许多学生会选择参加俄语专四专八考试,这两个考试对于俄语学习者来说是非常具有挑战性的。
然而,通过分析和解析过去的真题答案,我们可以提高我们的考试技巧和策略,从而在考试中取得更好的成绩。
首先,我们来分析一下专四和专八的题型。
俄语专四专八考试分为听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。
听力和阅读部分主要考察考生的理解能力和阅读速度,而写作和口语则需要考生展示他们的语言运用能力和思维逻辑能力。
在听力部分,学生应该注意听力材料的细节,并快速理解问题。
通过反复练习,我们可以提高我们的听力速度和理解能力。
解析真题答案时,我们可以注意一些常见的听力题型,如听力选择题、听力填空题和听力判断题。
通过对这些题型的训练和解析,我们可以熟悉不同类型的听力题目,从而更好地应对考试。
阅读部分是俄语专四专八考试中另一个重要的部分。
在阅读理解题中,我们应该注意题目中的关键词和句子,并从文中找到相应的信息。
关键词通常是一些重要的名词或动词,通过在文中反复出现,引导我们找到正确的答案。
此外,我们应该注意文章的结构和逻辑关系,这有助于我们更好地理解文章的主旨和观点。
通过分析真题答案和训练阅读技巧,我们可以提高我们的阅读理解能力和答题速度。
在写作部分,学生需要根据给定的题目或材料写一篇短文。
在写作过程中,我们应该注意文章的结构和逻辑,以及语言的准确性和流畅性。
解析真题答案时,我们可以分析一些常见的写作题目,如翻译、写作和作文。
通过对这些题目的解析,我们可以了解不同题目的要求和结构,从而更好地准备写作部分。
最后,口语部分是俄语专四专八考试中最具挑战性的部分之一。
在口语考试中,考生需要根据给定的题目或材料进行口头表达。
在回答问题时,我们应该注意语法和发音的准确性。
解析真题答案时,我们可以注意问题的类型和答题技巧。
通过反复练习和分析,我们可以提高我们的口语表达能力和答题速度。
通过解析真题答案,我们可以更好地了解俄语专四专八考试的题目和要求。
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2008年全国高校俄语专业八级水平测试试卷试卷一听力理解Текст 1Задание 1.A. О культурных связях между двумя странами.B. О добрососедских отношениях между двумя странами.C. Об экономическом прорыве между двумя странами.D. О техническом сотрудничестве между двумя странами.Задание 2.A. Нефти и газ.B. Сырьевые материалы.C. сельскохозяйсвенную продукцию.D. Высокотехнологичную продукцию.Задание 3.A. 3.B. 4.C. 5. в этому годуD. 12.Задание 4.A. К апрелю будущего года.B. К февралю следующего года.C. К началу 2020.D. К концу 2012.Задание 5.A. Меры по стабилизации российского финансового рынка.B. Меры по стабилизации мировых рынков.C. Меры по реализации концепции экономического развития.D. Меры по решению социальных проблем.Задание 6.A. Переименовать Ленинградский вокзал в Петербургский.B. Переименовать целый ряд столичных организаций.C. Восстановить прежние имена ряда московских улиц.D. Дать новое название одной из столичных улиц.Задание 7.A. Они считают его необходимым.B. Они не жалуются на него.C. Он им нравится, так как возвращает народ к истории.D.Отрицательно, так как он приносит немало проблем.Задание 8.A. Не хватает специалистов в высшим образованием.B. Не хватает специалистов со средним специальнымобразованием.C. Падает спрос на специалистов со средним образованием.D. Растем дефицит специалистов в высшим образованием.Задание 9.A. На 60%.B. На 50%.C. На 35%.D.На 25%.Задание 10.A. В Азербайджане.B. В Армении.C. В Чечне.D. В Грузии.Задание 11.A. Во время путешествия по Кавказу.B. Во время службы на Кавказе.C. Во время свадебного путешествия.D. Во время ссылки.Задание 12.A. День космонавтов.B. День Конституции.C. День защитников Отечества.D. День милиции.Задание 13.A. Проведение вечера в Кремле.B. Приглашение на встречу 12 лучших сотрудников.C. Встреча с президентом страны.D. Торжественный вечер в Большом театре.Задание 14.A. В 2010 году.B. В 2012 году.C. В 2014 году.D. В 2016 году.Задание 15.A. На право организовать летние Олимпийские игры 2012 года.B. На право принять первую в истории юношескую Олимпиаду.C. На право быть столицей зимней Олимпиады.D. На право участвовать в Международном олимпийскомкомитете.Прочитайте предложения. Выберите правильный вариант и отметьте соответствующую букву на матрице.ГРАММАТИКА31. Достаточно ______ к энциклопедическому словарю, и вопрос станет ясен.А) обращатьсяВ) обратитьсяС) обращаешьсяD) обратишься32. Из-за загрязнения среды многие виды птиц вот-вот______ существовать нанашейземле.А) переставалиВ) пересталиС) перестаютD) перестанут33. Человек может быть по своей психологии богатым и щедрым, не ______ много денег.А) имеетВ) имеющимС) имеяD) имевшим34. В России принято измерять уровень культуры количеством ______ книг.А) прочитанныхВ) прочитавшихС) читающихD) читаемых.35. Организация игр обойдется бюджету страны не ______ 10 миллиардовевро.А) менее наВ) менее вС) менее чемD) менее чемв36. Знание английского языка уже ______ одним из важных фактовтрудоустройства.А) считаетВ) считаетсяС) считаютсяD) считало37. Она все время думала, что ей ______ не хватает, но не могла понять, чегоименно.А) чего-тоВ) кое-чегоС) чего-нибудьD) чего38. Выпейте стакан березового сока,и вы почувствуете, какой он приятный ______.А) к вкусуВ) на вкусС) от вкусаD) со вкусом39. Мои первые произведения родились______ горячего желания показатьчитателямреальный портрет современника.А) отВ) сС) изD) из-за40. ______ предстоящего скорого отъезда нужно поторопиться со сборами.А) ВвидуВ) ВследствиеС) ИзD) От41.______ подобные неприятные ситуации не исключены и в будущем,отметим несколько моментов.А) ПокаВ) КогдаС) В связи с тем чтоD) Благодаря тому что42. Горожане любят проводить время ______ в парках и на бульварах.А) под свежим воздухомВ) со свежим воздухомС) в свежем воздухеD) на свежем воздухе43. Все граждане Российской Федерации, вне зависимости от своейнациональной принадлежности, ______ перед законом.А) равныВ) равныеС) равенD) равный44. Сильные магнитные бури влияют ______ на радиосвязь, ______ на работулиний электропередачи.А) так..., какВ) ни..., ниС) не только..., но иD) не..., не45. Моя сестра не ______ наивна, чтобы не слушать полезных советов.А) насколькоВ) сколькоС) настолькоD) столько46. ______ что-либо предпринять, соберите необходимую информацию.А) Прежде чемВ) После того какС) С тех пор какD) До сих пор как47. Писатель хорошо знал жизнь деревни, ______ книга получилась удачной.А) за чтоВ) почемуС) из чегоD) так как48. ______ мы так будем развивать свою экономику, мы никогда не выйдем налидирующие позиции.А) ЕслиВ) Как толькоС) КогдаD) Несмотря49. Чем ______ вызваны эти причины, нужно с этим бороться.А) быВ) былиС) бы не былиD) бы ни были50. У нас должны быть равно выгодные цены ______ внутри страны, ______ при продажеэтого энергоносителя за рубежом.А) не как..., а какВ) так..., какС) как..., так иD) не так..., как51. Я навсе готова, ______ мать выздоровела.А) лишь быВ) чтоС) еслиD) как бы52. ______ в голову писателю такая тема —публика ни за что не поверит.А) ПришлаВ) ПриходилаС) ПридиD) Пришедшая53. Однажды он пришел ко мне в добром расположении духа, ______ снимдавно небывало.А) которогоВ) котороеС) чтоD) чего54. В комнате, ______ справа от нас, громко играла музыка.А) какаяВ) чтоС) какойD) которой55. В одну минуту ______ занесло, небо слилось с землей.А) дорогаВ) дорогеС) дорогой D) дорогуЛексика и стилистика56 Это опасно, с точки зрения обеспечени ______ и насения, и экономики страны.А) ресурсыВ) ресурсовС) ресурсамD) ресурсами⑵кого-что чем向…充分供应…57 В последнем случае он выступает не как директор фонда, а как ______предприниматель.А)частичныйВ) личныйС) частныйD) собственный58. Развитие сложившейся ситуации______ ущерб экономике России в целоми ряду ееважных отраслей.А) наноситчто或чего(几次)带来,送来,拿来(若干)В) уноситкого-что⑴拿走,拿去,带走,带去;夺取消耗С) переноситкого-что拿过去,抱过去;搬到,拿到,挪到D) вносит〕⑴кого-что во что拿进,搬进;带入,送入;移入. ⑶кого-что во что记入,列入,载入;放入,加入。