综合英语一历年考题200304

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全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

全国2003年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码:00794Ⅰ.用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将最佳答案前选项字母写在答题纸上。

(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)1. For our English homework we have to write a ______ paper.A. three-thousand-wordB. three-thousands-wordC. three-thousand-wordsD. three-thousands-words2. Jack ______ English in the university for 30 years by the end of next month.A. will teachB. had taughtC. will have taughtD. has taught3. You’d better not disturb Jack, ______?A. had youB. hadn’t youC. should youD. didn’t you4. I didn’t hear ______ because there was too much noise where I was sitting.A. what the teacher saidB. what did the teacher sayC. that the teacher saidD. that did the teacher say5. I had scarcely left the house ______ it began to rain.A. thanB. whenC. thatD. then6. The boy must have gone this way, ______ there are his footprints here.A. forB. orC. yetD. then7. The doctor suggested that my brother ______ sit up so late.A. not doB. notC. don’tD. won’t8. Jane has a very good collection of books, ______ are written in foreign languages.A. many of thoseB. thoseC. many of whichD. many9. We should keep ourselves ______ of the fresh developments.A. informingB. informedC. to informD. inform10. You would expect there ______ strong disagreement about this.A. having beenB. beingC. has beenD. to be11. Only by working very hard ______ a good mark in the exam.A. you have gottenB. you may getC. can you getD. can get you12. After the accident, he seemed ______ everything.A. to have forgottenB. forgettingC. to forgetD. having forgotten13. I ______ to go on a holiday but wasn’t able to get away.A. hopedB. have hopedC. hopeD. had hoped14. Eighty-two people were reported ______ in the plane crash.A. to have injuredB. to have been injuredC. injuredD. injuring15. ______ proper preparation John thought it better to postpone the lecture tour tillnext week.A. Having madeB. To makeC. Not having madeD. Not to have made16. The driver was asked to given a(an) ______ of the accident.A. statementB. accountC. situationD. amount17. He was left in ______ of the store when the manager was away.A. chargeB. careC. responsibilityD. management18. Accidents are quite ______ on this part of the highway.A. ordinaryB. popularC. commonD. regular19. When the boy was only four, his father decided to ______ a musician of him.A. developB. buildC. makeD. do20. ______ medical science, we can expect to live to a good old age.A. As forB. According toC. Instead ofD. But for21. Suddenly the chair caught fire. The boys quickly ______ the fire with water andan old coat.A. suppressedB. wiped outC. destroyedD. put out22. Our plan ______ unexpected opposition from the retired workers.A. came toB. came byC. ran overD. ran into23. The small family business ______ a company of international importance.A. grew intoB. broke intoC. ran intoD. made into24. Professor Wang is a person you can ______ for advice.A. turn upB. turn intoC. turn toD. turn down25. Standing up to empty your basket gives you a chance not only to ______ yourback, but to look at the scenery.A. stretchB. raiseC. liftD. move26. A great deal of communicating is performed on a person-to-person ______ by thesimple means of speech.A. baseB. foundationC. groundD. basis27. Take the money with you ______ something unexpected happens.A. now thatB. in caseC. unlessD. if28. One of the reasons we get along so well is that we both say what’s ______ ourminds.A. ofB. atC. onD. within29. ______ automobile pollution, the air quality in most major cities has been lowered.A. As a result ofB. In spite ofC. But forD. As for30. Let’s see what types of classes the school ______ for undergraduate students.A. bringsB. offersC. presentsD. suppliesⅡ.认真阅读下面两篇短文,每篇短文后有五个问题。

2003年考研英语一真题答案解析

2003年考研英语一真题答案解析

2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化,并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化,健康成长。

第一段第一、二句是主题句,点明文章主题。

从第三句开始介绍了青少年的各种变化,如:自我意识很强,需要从成功中获得自信等。

接下来是对老师的建议:设计有更多优胜者的活动,组织各种小型俱乐部,让成年人在幕后支持。

第二段特别强调教师在设计活动时要注意保持其多样性,以适应青少年注意力持续时间短的特点。

此外,成年人要帮助学生在活动中培养责任感。

二、试题具体解析1. [A](give)thought (to) 想过,思考[B](give sb. an/some)idea(of)使了解……的情况[C](have a good/bad)opinion (of) 对……印象很好[D](give)advice(to)提建议[答案] A[解析]本题考核的知识点是:平行句子结构+ 固定搭配。

首先,从文章结构上看,第一段的第一、二句是平行的并列句:Teachers need to be aware of(教师应该注意)和And they also need to give serious 1 to(同时他们须认真……)。

注意第二句中的两个they分别指代了第一句中的teachers和young adults,第二句中的give serious 1 to与第一句中的be aware of(知道,意识到)也应在意义上相呼应。

其次,考生需要判断四个选项中哪一个能与 give...to 构成短语。

idea这个词词义很丰富,包括“想法、意思、概念、思想、意识、打算、建议”等,但通常与介词of而不是to连用;opinion意为“意见;看法”,一般不与give搭配;advice(建议)虽然可与give 及to搭配,但介词to后应接人,即建议的接受者,如果要表达“提出…方面的建议”,应该用“give advice on sth.”。

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

一段的最后一句话。在后面的几段中,作者介绍了互联网对情报工作的影响。所以答案是
理解了以上这两点就能选出正确答 案 B。其实 B 选项就是原文的另一种表述方式 。但是,此题只有 28.7%的
考 生 选出了 正 确案 , 答对率 不 高 。 更多的考生选择的是 D。选错的原因可能在于考生对“reshap与e ”“revive的”词义差别区分不清。“revive一”词
的含义是“to come or bring back into use osrtexnice(”<使>复兴 ,<使>复活),暗含的意思是某事物已不存 在或已 丧失作用。第一段并没有提到间谍 行业曾经消失的信息, 从第二段中我们了解到互联网推动了情报行业的发 展, 也 没有找 到 任何 关于 情 报行业 曾经 中断 的内 容 ,所 以 D 选项 的说法 是不正 确的 。
reshaping Donovan's vocation as w.e”。ll 其中,“ Donovan's vocatio指n的就是”“ spyin,g 也”就是“ intelligence secrevsi ” ( 情 报 行 业 ) 。 关 键 在 于 对 “reshape一” 词 的 理 解 , 它 的 含 义 是 “改 造 ” 。
A 选项也是错误的。选择 A 的考生对第一句话没有理解。 第一句话用“would have love虚d 拟”语气说,若 Wild
Bill Donovan还在世的话,他会爱上互联网的。可见 Donovan在世的时候并没有互联网,从后面的几句话 中我们 也能证实这一点。所以 A 选项将 Donovan说成是互联网的爱好者的说法是错误的。
world. Among the firms making the biggestassphl in thsi new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-asnafilrymsi based

2003年4月全国统一命题考试英语

2003年4月全国统一命题考试英语

2005-03-28 11:47梯田图书8 Curiosity and imagination are importantwhich help stimulate the d iscovery of new facts and the laws of science.A techniquesB technologiesC qualitiesD quantities【】9 Information in long term memory can beat a later time when it is needed.A remarkedB remindedC removedD recalled【】10 Insurance ag ents are always friendly,well dressed,and cager to behelp.A forB ofC fromD into【】Ⅱ Cloze Test(10 p oints,1 point for each)下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项。

根据上下文要求选出最佳答案,相应的字母涂黑。

For human beings there is more to living than just staying alive.Therefore,your 11,or emotional and mental needs are important.You need to love and 12.You need to feel safe and secure.At the same time,you need to feel13.You need stimulation and variety to keep your brain14and to achieve personal growth.You also need to have a sense of 15,a personal identity,in order to know 16you are and how you fit in the environment.need for love in different ways.18.a helpless baby feels love in 19to care.Love means being kept dry and warm and being fed.Gentle touch and firm support create a feeling of trust20 the baby for the people who care for it.11 A physical B political C psychological D educational【】12 A to be loved B to be loving to have loved D to be for love【】13 A depend B depended C dependent D independent【】14 A act B acted C active D action【】自学考试专业计划查询系统自学考试主考院校查询系统自学考试助学院校查询系统自学考试历年试题下载系统15 A self B own C you D yours【】16 A that B who C which D how【】17 A much B more C most D very【】18 A In addition B On the average C Of course D For example【】19 A response B regard C terms D view【】20 A at B in C with D by【】Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points for each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。

2001年、2002年、2003年考研英语(一)试题完整版合集附答案

2001年、2002年、2003年考研英语(一)试题完整版合集附答案

2001年、2002年、2003年考研英语(一)试题合集(完整版附答案)2001年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Structure and VocabularyPart ADirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (5 points)Example:I have been to the Great Wall three times ________ 1979.[A] from[B] after[C] for[D] sinceThe sentence should read, “I have been to the Great Wall three times since 1979.” Therefore, you should choose [D].Sample Answer[A] [B] [C] [■]1. If I were in movie, then it would be about time that I ________ myhead in my hands for a cry.[A] bury[B] am burying[C] buried[D] would bury2. Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the Britishrecapture of the port ________ half a day before the defendersactually surrendered.[A] to announce[B] announced[C] announcing[D] was announced3. According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itselfapparent, so one ________ wait instead of searching for it.[A] would rather[B] had to[C] cannot but[D] had best4. She felt suitably humble just as she ________ when he had first takena good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red andpointed.[A] had[B] had had[C] would have and[D] has had5. There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on theparty despite ________ from leadership of it, would intervene personally.[A] being resigned[B] having resigned[C] going to resign[D] resign6. So involved with their computers ________ that leaders at summercomputer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.[A] became the children[B] become the children[C] had the children become[D] do the children become7. The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is ________an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.[A] everything except[B] anything but[C] no less than[D] nothing more than8. One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match.________ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.[A] By[B] In[C] For[D] With9. Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much timelistening and being talked to ________ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.[A] as[B] which[C] that[D] what10. Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions,________ they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.[A] be[B] being[C] were[D] arePart BDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the rackets with a pencil. (10 points)Example:The lost car of the Lees was found ________ in the woods off the highway.[A] vanished[B] scattered[C] abandoned[D] rejectedThe sentence should read. “The lost car of the Lees was found abandoned in the woods off the highway.”There fore, you should choose [C].Sample Answer[A] [B] [■][D]11. He is too young to be able to ________ between right and wrong.[A] discard[B] discern[C] disperse[D] disregard12. It was no ________ that his car was seen near the bank at the timeof the robbery.[A] coincidence[B] convention[C] certainty[D] complication13. One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure thatall ships ________ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.[A] cautiously[B] dutifully[C] faithfully[D] skillfully14. The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate ofall Indians but seems to be ________ the welfare of his animals.[A] critical about[B] indignant at[C] indifferent to[D] subject to15. The chairman of the board ________ on me the unpleasant job ofdismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ.[A] compelled[B] posed[C] pressed[D] tempted16. It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the socialproblems it is faced with ________.[A] for long[B] in and out[C] once for all[D] by nature17. Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms mayresult in ________ and lack of unity in style.[A] conflict[B] confrontation[C] disturbance[D] disharmony18. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, andis extinct in two eastern states in which it once ________.[A] thrived[B] swelled[C] prospered[D] flourished19. However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to________ some of the decline in the iron and steel industry.[A] overturn[B] overtake[C] offset[D] oppress20. Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium;it is ________.[A] firm[B] company[C] corporation[D] enterprise21. When any non-human organ is transplanted into a person, the bodyimmediately recognizes it as ________.[A] novel[B] remote[C] distant[D] foreign22. My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edisondisc I ________ at a garage sale.[A] trifled with[B] scraped through[C] stumbled upon[D] thirsted for23. Some day software will translate both written and spoken languageso well that the need for any common second language could ________.[A] descend[B] decline[C] deteriorate[D] depress24. Equipment not ________ official safety standards has all beenremoved from the workshop.[A] conforming to[B] consistent with[C] predominant over[D] providing for25. As an industry, biotechnology stands to ________ electronics indollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.[A] contend[B] contest[C] rival[D] strive26. The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establishan effective national government while preserving ________ for the states and liberty for individuals.[A] autonomy[B] dignity[C] monopoly[D] stability27. For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost ________as microorganisms.[A] precisely[B] instantly[C] initially[D] exclusively28. The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow________, particularly in Western Europe.[A] obscure[B] obsolete[C] optional[D] overlapping29. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it isjust ________ and needs proving.[A] spontaneous[B] hypothetical[C] intuitive[D] empirical30. The future of this company is ________: many of its talentedemployees are flowing into more profitable net-based businesses.[A] at odds[B] in trouble[C] in vain[D] at stakeSection II Cloze TestDirections:For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (10 points)The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seekingto buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trialbegins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons Media Select Committee, Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control.39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 toParliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46 our British judges,”he said.Witness payments became an 47 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories incourt to 50 guilty verdicts.31. [A] as to[B] for instance[C] in particular[D] such as32. [A] tightening[B] intensifying[C] focusing[D] fastening33. [A] sketch[B] rough[C] preliminary[D] draft34. [A] illogical[B] illegal[C] improbable[D] improper35. [A] publicity[B] penalty[C] popularity[D] peculiarity36. [A] since[B] if[C] before[D] as37. [A] sided[B] shared[C] complied[D] agreed38. [A] present[B] offer[C] manifest[D] indicate39. [A] Release[B] Publication[C] Printing[D] Exposure40. [A] storm[B] rage[C] flare[D] flash41. [A] translation[B] interpretation[C] exhibition[D] demonstration42. [A] better than[B] other than[C] rather than[D] sooner than43. [A] changes[B] makes[C] sets[D] turns44. [A] binding[B] convincing[C] restraining[D] sustaining45. [A] authorized[B] credited[C] entitled[D] qualified46. [A] with[B] to[C] from[D] by47. [A] impact[B] incident[C] inference[D] issue48. [A] stated[B] remarked[C] said[D] told49. [A] what[B] when[C] which[D] that50. [A] assure[B] confide[C] ensure[D] guaranteeSection III Reading ComprehensionDirections:Each of the passages below is followed by some questions. For each question there are four answers marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Then mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1by blackening the corresponding letter in the brackets with a pencil. (40 points)Text 1Specialization can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialization was only one of a series of related developments inscience affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialization in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate, and reflect on, the wider geological picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the widespread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership.A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.Although the process of professionalisation and specialization was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.51. The growth of specialization in the 19th century might be moreclearly seen in sciences such as ________.[A] sociology and chemistry[B] physics and psychology[C] sociology and psychology[D] physics and chemistry52. We can infer from the passage that ________.[A] there is little distinction between specialization andprofessionalisation[B] amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of science[C] professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientificcommunity[D] amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones53. The author writes of the development of geology to demonstrate________.[A] the process of specialization and professionalisation[B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study[C] the change of policies in scientific publications[D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs54. The direct reason for specialization is ________.[A] the development in communication[B] the growth of professionalisation[C] the expansion of scientific knowledge[D] the splitting up of academic societiesText 2A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide -- the division of the world into the info (information) rich and the info poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access -- after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we’ve ever had.Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential.To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infr astructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure -- including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on -- were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be in building the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.55. Digital divide is something ________.[A] getting worse because of the Internet[B] the rich countries are responsible for[C] the world must guard against[D] considered positive today56. Governments attach importance to the Internet because it ________.[A] offers economic potentials[B] can bring foreign funds[C] can soon wipe out world poverty[D] connects people all over the world57. The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify thepolicy of ________.[A] providing financial support overseas[B] preventing foreign capital’s control[C] building industrial infrastructure[D] accepting foreign investment58. It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on ________.[A] how well-developed it is electronically[B] whether it is prejudiced against immigrants[C] whether it adopts America’s industrial pattern[D] how much control it has over foreign corporationsText 3Why do so many Americans distrust what they read in their newspapers? The American Society of Newspaper Editors is trying to answer this painful question. The organization is deep into a long self-analysis known as the journalism credibility project.Sad to say, this project has turned out to be mostly low-level findings about factual errors and spelling and grammar mistakes, combined with lots of head-scratching puzzlement about what in the world those readers really want.But the sources of distrust go way deeper. Most journalists learn to see the world through a set of standard templates (patterns) into which they plug each day’s events. In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.There exists a social and cultural disconnect between journalists and their readers, which helps explain why the “standard templates” of the newsroom seem alien to many readers. In a recent survey, questionnaires were sent to reporters in five middle-size cities around the country, plus one large metropolitan area. Then residents in these communities were phoned at random and asked the same questions.Replies show that compared with other Americans, journalists are more likely to live in upscale neighborhoods, have maids, own Mercedeses, and trade stocks, and they’re less likely to go to church, do volunteer work, or put down roots in a community.Reporters tend to be part of a broadly defined social and cultural elite, so their work tends to reflect the conventional values of this elite. The astonishing distrust of the news media isn’t rooted in inaccuracy or poor reportorial skills but in the daily clash of world views between reporters and their readers.This is an explosive situation for any industry, particularly a declining one. Here is a troubled business that keeps hiring employees whose attitudes vastly annoy the customers. Then it sponsors lots of symposiums and a credibility project dedicated to wondering why customers are annoyed and fleeing in large numbers. But it never seems to get around to noticing the cultural and class biases that so manyformer buyers are complaining about. If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.59. What is the passage mainly about?[A] needs of the readers all over the world[B] causes of the public disappointment about newspapers[C] origins of the declining newspaper industry[D] aims of a journalism credibility project60. The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be________.[A] quite trustworthy[B] somewhat contradictory[C] very illuminating[D] rather superficial61. The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writer liesin their ________.[A] working attitude[B] conventional lifestyle[C] world outlook[D] educational background62. Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy thereaders owing to its ________.[A] failure to realize its real problem[B] tendency to hire annoying reporters[C] likeliness to do inaccurate reporting[D] prejudice in matters of race and genderText 4The world is going through the biggest wave of mergers and acquisitions ever witnessed. The process sweeps from hyperactive America to Europe and reaches the emerging countries with unsurpassed might. Many in these countries are looking at this process and worrying: “Won’t the wave of business concentration turn into an uncontrollable anti-competitive force?”There’s no question that the big are getting bigger and morepowerful. Multinational corporations accounted for less than 20% of international trade in 1982. Today the figure is more than 25% and growing rapidly. International affiliates account for a fast-growing segment of production in economies that open up and welcome foreign investment. In Argentina, for instance, after the reforms of the early 1990s, multinationals went from 43% to almost 70% of the industrial production of the 200 largest firms. This phenomenon has created serious concerns over the role of smaller economic firms, of national businessmen and over the ultimate stability of the world economy.I believe that the most important forces behind the massive M&A wave are the same that underlie the globalization process: falling transportation and communication costs, lower trade and investment barriers and enlarged markets that require enlarged operations capable of meeting customer’s demands. All these are beneficial, not detrimental, to consumers. As productivity grows, the world’s wealth increases.Examples of benefits or costs of the current concentration wave are scanty. Yet it is hard to imagine that the merger of a few oil firms today could re-create the same threats to competition that were feared nearly a century ago in the U.S., when the Standard Oil Trust was broken up. The mergers of telecom companies, such as WorldCom, hardly seem to bring higher prices for consumers or a reduction in the pace of technical progress. On the contrary, the price of communications is coming down fast. In cars, too, concentration is increasing -- witness Daimler and Chrysler, Renault and Nissan -- but it does not appear that consumers are being hurt.Yet the fact remains that the merger movement must be watched. A few weeks ago, Alan Greenspan warned against the megamergers in the banking industry. Who is going to supervise, regulate and operate as lender of last resort with the gigantic banks that are being created? Won’t multinationals shift production from one place to another when a nation gets too strict about infringements to fair competition? And should one country take upon it self the role of “defending competition” on issues that affect many other nations, as in the U.S. vs. Microsoft case?63. What is the typical trend of businesses today?[A] to take in more foreign funds[B] to invest more abroad[C] to combine and become bigger[D] to trade with more countries64. According to the author, one of the driving forces behind M&A waveis ________.[A] the greater customer demands[B] a surplus supply for the market[C] a growing productivity[D] the increase of the world’s wealth65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that ________.[A] the increasing concentration is certain to hurt consumers[B] WorldCom serves as a good example of both benefits and costs[C] the costs of the globalization process are enormous[D] the Standard Oil Trust might have threatened competition66. Toward the new business wave, the writer’s attitude can be said tobe ________.[A] optimistic[B] objective[C] pessimistic[D] biasedText 5When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgraced government min ister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family”.Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all,” preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship of She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life,” and making the alternative move into “downshifting” brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and I once enjoyed: 12-hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on “quality time”.In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend. Downshifting -- also known in America as “voluntary simplicity” -- has, ironically, even bred a new area of what might be termed anti-consumerism. There are a number of best-selling downshifting self-help books for people who want to simplify their lives; there are newsletters, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling-film to making their own soap; there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-’90s equivalent of dropping out.While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline -- after the mass redundancies caused by downsizing in the late ’80s -- and is still linked to the politics of thrift, in Britain, at least among the middle-class downshifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives.For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the ’80s, downshifting in the mid-’90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life -- growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one -- as a personal recognition of your limitations.67. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 1?[A] Full-time employment is a new international trend.[B] The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job.[C] “A lateral move” means stepping out of full-time employment.[D] The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family.68. The writer’s experiment shows that downshifting ________.[A] enables her to realize her dream[B] helps her mold a new philosophy of life[C] prompts her to abandon her high social status[D] leads her to accept the doctrine of She magazine69. “Juggling one’s life”probably means living a life characterizedby ________.[A] non-materialistic lifestyle[B] a bit of everything[C] extreme stress[D] anti-consumerism70. According to the passage, downshifting emerged in the U.S. as aresult of ________.。

2003全国卷Ⅰ(精校版+答案解析)

2003全国卷Ⅰ(精校版+答案解析)

2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项:1.答题前,考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚,并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选图其他答案标号,在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the man going to do?A. Open the window.B. Find another room.C. Go out with the woman.2.What do we know about Peter Schmidt?A. He has lost his ticket.B. He is expecting a ticket.C. He went out to buy a ticket.3.What do we know about mother and son?A. She wants to tell him the result of the game.B. She doesn't like him to watch TV.C. She knows which team he supports.4.What are the speakers talking about?A. Exam results.B. Time for the exam.C. Change of class hours.5.What will the woman tell the man?A. Her company's name.B. Her new address.C. Her phone number.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2003--2004北京市海淀区第一次统一考试

2003--2004北京市海淀区第一次统一考试

2003--2004年北京市海淀区第一次统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

满分150分.考试时间120分钟.第一卷(三部分, 共115分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节:单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分45分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.21. —Has Tom answered your call?—No, but I'm sure he _______back soon.A. phonesB. phonedC. will phoneD. has phoned22. The boy made ______ mistakes in this exam so he got a higher grade.A. someB. fewerC. manyD. more23. —Shall we go shopping?—Sorry, we ______ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.A. mustn'tB. needn'tC. can'tD. shouldn't24. The palace you visited yesterday ______ about five hundred years ago.A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built25. It has been proved that ______ hard leads to success.A. workB. worksC. workedD. working26. The famous star got injured before her concert, ______ made her fans worried.A. whoB. whichC. thatD. what27. —What's wrong with our VCD?— don't know. Let's have it ______ tomorrow.A. repairB. repairingC. repairedD. to repair28. —Would you like to go to Mike's birthday party?—That depends on ______ I am invited.A. whetherB. whomeverC. thatD. why29. Not when and where we should meet, I telephoned our monitor for detailed information.A. knowB. knewC. knownD. knowing30. China's first astronaut Yang Liwei with his Shenzhou-V spaceship succeeded ______ returning to theearth October 16, 2003.A. on; onB. in; inC. on; inD. in; on31. The house was very quiet when I got home. All my family ______ to bed.A. have goneB. were goingC. had goneD. would go32. —Look at this mobile phone. It's a new type.—It looks nice. Can I ______ it ______ and see whether it works?A. try; outB. work; outC. carry; outD. turn; out33. The police went there ______ the missing boy last week. At last they found him and brought him homesafe.A. in charge ofB. in search ofC. in honor ofD. instead of34. Those flowers were ______ for your mother on her sixtieth birthday, but as she is away, I would beglad if you accept them.A .intended B. devoted C. produced D .supplied35. —I need some fresh air, so I'm going out for a walk.—______.A. You'd better notB. Have funC. With pleasureD. I sure am第二节:完形填空(共20小题:每小题1. 5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项When I was six, I went to a local grade school. In grade school, I was 36 the other children because of my speech and reading 37 . All the children would shout, "You are a dummy, you are a dummy, " and so on. I thought they were 38 because all my grades showed it. I bad no self-confidence(自信心)Through the first five years of grade school, I was small and very clumsy (笨拙的) . I would 39cups and trays in the cafe, and sometimes 40 myself and fall onto the floor when I walked. In sixth grade, I became interested in 41 . The class had its annual field day. Each class would. have its own teams 42 against each other.I went out for all of the 43 . I was not the best, 44 I was not bad. The thing that I could do was run and run fast. This 45 the other children because I was so clumsy, and then 46 a lot more name calling from the children. When somebody else won a race, the children told how 47 he was. When I won, they called me 48 ; I did not know why they were doing this. I think that it was unfair, and it 49 me.Between seventh and eighth grade, I started to 50 . In three months, I grew seven inches., At the start of eighth grade, I began to play football. I was much bigger than everybody else. I was 51 than most of the backs we played against. The other team would not 52 the ball towards me, so I just ran them 53 . It was the first time in my life that I was really good at something and 54 it. It was anew feeling of 5536. A. above . B. before C. behind D .among37. A. materials B. questions C. skills D. problems38. A. right B. smart C. rude D. foolish39. A. clean B. drop C. collect D. serve40. A. trip B. help C. enjoy D. injure41. A. studies B. sports C. books D. talks42. A. stand B. fight C. quarrel D. compete43. A. teams B. subjects C. tests D. grades44. A. because B. if C. but D. and45. A. interested B. shocked C. delighted D. disappointed46. A. happened B. continued C. made D .came47. A. famous B. good C. happy D. strange48. A. names B. numbers C. classmates D. leaders49. A. frightened B. ashamed C. hurt D. worried50. A. progress B. change C. grow D. play51. A. faster B. taller C. cleverer D. harder52. A. push B. run C. hand D. catch53. A. back B. down C. off D. away54. A. judged B. recognized C. decided D. knew55. A .courage B. sadness C. pride D. regret第三部分阅读理解(共20小题; 每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文, 从每题目所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D), 选出最佳选项。

2003年考研英语一真题答案解析

2003年考研英语一真题答案解析

2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化,并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化,健康成长。

第一段第一、二句是主题句,点明文章主题。

从第三句开始介绍了青少年的各种变化,如:自我意识很强,需要从成功中获得自信等。

接下来是对老师的建议:设计有更多优胜者的活动,组织各种小型俱乐部,让成年人在幕后支持。

第二段特别强调教师在设计活动时要注意保持其多样性,以适应青少年注意力持续时间短的特点。

此外,成年人要帮助学生在活动中培养责任感。

二、试题具体解析1. [A](give)thought (to) 想过,思考[B](give sb. an/some)idea(of)使了解……的情况[C](have a good/bad)opinion (of) 对……印象很好[D](give)advice(to)提建议[答案] A[解析]本题考核的知识点是:平行句子结构+ 固定搭配。

首先,从文章结构上看,第一段的第一、二句是平行的并列句:Teachers need to be aware of(教师应该注意)和And they also need to give serious 1 to(同时他们须认真……)。

注意第二句中的两个they分别指代了第一句中的teachers和young adults,第二句中的give serious 1 to与第一句中的be aware of(知道,意识到)也应在意义上相呼应。

其次,考生需要判断四个选项中哪一个能与 give...to 构成短语。

idea这个词词义很丰富,包括“想法、意思、概念、思想、意识、打算、建议”等,但通常与介词of而不是to连用;opinion意为“意见;看法”,一般不与give搭配;advice(建议)虽然可与give 及to搭配,但介词to后应接人,即建议的接受者,如果要表达“提出…方面的建议”,应该用“give advice on sth.”。

2003年4月全国英语阅读(一)试题及答案

2003年4月全国英语阅读(一)试题及答案

全国2003年4月高等教育自学考试英语阅读(一)试题课程代码:00595全部题目用用英文作答,并将答案写在答题纸相应的位置上,否则不计分。

PART ONEⅠ.TEXT CMOMPREHENSIONThe following comprehension questions are based on the texts you have learned, and each of them is provided with 4 choices marked [A],[B],[C]and[D].Choose the best answer to each question and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points,1 point each)1.In Gifts of the Magi,both “gift” and “Magus” are in plural, because O. Henry wants to tell the reader that .[A] People are kind to Mr. and Mrs. Young[B] Mr. Young loves Mr. Young[C] Mrs. Young loves Mr. Young[D] Mr. and Mrs. Young love each other2. “I am not sure what I am rebelling against, but I really don‟t see a need for marriage. That isn‟ta statement about my feelings about the relationship, because there is no less strength of commitment.” The underlined clause means .[A] the married couples have more responsibility for each other[B] the cohabiting couples have more responsibility for each other[C] the married couples and the cohabiting ones show no responsibility for each other[D] both the married couples and cohabiting ones should be equally responsible for each other3. “Having come to a very remote and deserted spot, they realized their chance had come: catching Lorenzo off guard, they killed him.” The underlined phrase means .[A] Lorenzo was caught unawares[B] Lorenzo was caught off duty[C] Lorenzo was handed over to them by their guards[D] Lorenzo was caught when his guard was away4.In The Necklace, when Mme. Loise1 took back the necklace, how did Mme. Forrester react?[A] She opened the box and examined the jewel carefully.[B] She said coldly that Mme. Loise1 shouldn‟t have returned it so late.[C] She complained that the necklace had been substituted.[D] She was only too pleased to see her old friend again.5. The Fisherman and His Wife is of .[A] fable [B] myth[C] fairy story [D] fairy-tale-romance6.Mark Twain is NOT the author of .[A] The Adventures of Tom Sawyer[B] The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn[C] The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County[D] The Old Man and the Sea7. In his fable about a proud crow and a hungry fox, Aesop intends to tell the reader that .[A] the fox is never trust worthy[B] the fox is always homey-tongued[C] it is harmful to believe big talkers[D] it is harmful to listen to excessive flattery8. According to Bringing up Children, if one stage of child development has been left out, or not sufficiently experienced, .[A] the child may go back and recapture the experience of it[B] the parents may provide the child with the child with the opportunity to play with toys[C] the parents must be consistent in their attitude to their children[D] the child should be sent to a child clinic for a psychological treatment9.The theme of the story A Day‟s Wait is that.[A] misunderstandings can even occur between father and son[B] misunderstandings can sometimes lead to an odd experience[C] to be calm and controlled in the face of death is a mark of courage[D] death is something beyond a child‟s comprehension10. In A Day’s Wait, the hunting scene, at first glance, may seem to have little to do with the plot.However, the author has his own justification for describing it. Which of the following is NOT a reason for such description?[A] It diverts the reader so that the boy‟s real thoughts will be a greater surprise when they arerevealed.[B] It creates a sense of time passing so that we know it is close to evening by the time thefather gets home.[C] It gives the author an opportunity to show that he is able to write very complexsentences though he usually writes very short, simple ones.[D] It brings out a contrast between th e father‟s robust activities outside and the boy‟sterrible tension inside.11. In Art for Heart’s Sake, Dr. Caswell gave Ellsworth a suggestion that be .[A] take more medicine[B] listen to the radio or watch TV[C] take more automobile rides[D] take up art12. In How to live like a Millionaire, the self - made rich develop clear goals for .[A] accumulating income till the age of 50[B] having a dollar figure in mind and working for it[C] leaving an estate to their children[D] retiring early13. The short story as a genre in American literature probably began with Irving‟s The Sketch Book,a collection of essays, sketches and tales, among which the most famous and frequently anthologized are Rip Van Winkle and .[A] The Wild Honeysuckle[B] The Legend of Sleepy Hollow[C] The Scarlet Letter[D] The Pioneers14. “Not even the great Nicholas Veddle himself was safe from the tongue of this daring woman,who blamed himself for much of her husband‟s idleness.” The word tongue in this quotation probably refers to .[A] extremely intelligent and lively words[B] offensive or insulting remarks[C] a movable organ in the mouth[D] the tone or manner of speaking15. According to The Story of the Bible, the Jews were the first among all people to recognize that .[A] different gods made different things in nature[B] one single God created this world[C] one god was devoted to the making of water[D different gods were responsible for the making of the land16. According to Otto Jespersen, the ideal international language was the one that .[A] was the easiest to learn for people all over the world[B] was familiar to scientists all over the world[C] was based on Latin and Greek roots[D] derived the basic structure form non-Indo-European languages17. In Bricks from the Tower of the Babel, the writer provides a detailed explanation for which of the following?[A] The construction of the tower.[B] The structure and sound system of Esperanto.[C] The internationalization of some natural languages.[D] The Indo-European language family.18. In The Girls in Their Summer Dresses, Michael‟s state of mind suggests that .[A] he has adjusted himself to married life[B] he is often absent – minded and confused[C] he starts to resent Frances now[D] he takes for granted what he is doing19.In The Girls in Their Summer Dresses, Frances said, “You‟re going to make a move.” She said so to mean that Michael would .[A] move away to some other location[B] attract and move some girls[C] arouse deep emotions in girls[D] take action and leave her some day20. According to Universities and Polytechnics, Oxford and Cambridge are attractive to both the resident students and visitors for their .[A] advanced academic learning[B] excellent constituent colleges[C] organizational structures[D] buildings of historical significanceⅡ.READING COMPREHENSIONIn this part there are 4 reading passages followed by 20 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked [A], [B],[C] and [D]. You should decide onthe best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points, 2 points each)Passage 1Failure is probably the most fatiguing experience a person ever has. There is nothing more exhausting than not succeeding—being blocked, not moving ahead. It is an evil circle. Failure breeds fatigue, and fatigue makes it harder to get to work, which adds to the fatigue.We experience this tiredness in two main ways, as start-up fatigue and performance fatigue. In the former case, we keep putting off a task that we are forced to take up. Either because it is too tedious or because it is too difficult, we avoid it. And the longer we postpone it, the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real, even not actually physical, not something in our muscles and bones. The remedy is obvious, though perhaps not easy to apply: willpower exercise. The moment I find myself turning away from a job, or putting it under a pile of other things I have to do, I clear my desk of everything else and attack the objectionable item first. To prevent start-up fatigue, always treat the most difficult job first.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle. Here we are willing to get started, but we cannot seem to do the job right. Its difficulties appear to be insurmountable and however hard we work, we fail again and again. The mounting experience of failure carries with it an ever-increasing burden of mental fatigue. In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over.21.Which of the following can be called an evil circle?[A] Success – zeal – success – zeal.[B] Failure – tiredness – failure – tiredness.[C] Failure – zeal – failure – tiredness.[D] Success – exhaustion – success – exhaustion.22. According to the passage, when keeping putting off a task, we can experience .[A] tiredness[B] performance fatigue[C] start-up fatigue[D] unconsciousness23. To overcome start-up fatigue, we need .[A] toughness[B] prevention[C] muscles[D] strong willpower24.The word insurmountable in the last paragraph probably means .[A]unable to be solved [B] unlikely to be understood[C] unable to be imagined [D] unlikely to be rejected25. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?[A] It is easier to overcome start-up fatigue.[B] Performance fatigue occurs when the job we are willing to take gets blocked.[C] One will finally succeed after experiencing the evil circle.[D] Fatigue often accompanies failure.Passage 2On days when there is work , I talk to the other guys. Some of them tell me that the harvest season is coming in northern California, and they say that one can earn good money there. Things haven‟t gone so badly in the car wash, but one afternoon I give the manager my thanks for having hired and promoted me, and with a little suitcase that night I board a Greyhound headed north. My ticket is made out for San Francisco, but I don‟t plan to go that far. I pla n to ride until I find a place where people are harvesting, and to get off the bus there.I sleep on the bus for a few hours that night, and in the morning, when I awake, I don‟t know where we are. I get up from my seat and walk down the bus aisle, looking for a Mexican or Chicano to tell me our location, but oddly enough, I don‟t see any among the passengers, who are all white-skinned. I pay attention to the road signs we pass, but they are not of much help. I can read the town names, but I don‟t know whe re the towns lie. A map would help me, and I decide to buy one at our next stop. Lots of things are for sale at the bus stop‟s gift shop, but there are no maps. I direct myself to wards the shop‟s operator, but I run into the language barrier. The operator is an Anglo, and when I speak to him in Spanish, he says that he doesn‟t understand. I try to practice my very precarious (不可靠的)English with him, but it‟s of no use. I have a rough idea of the sound of the words that I want to say, but I can‟t pronounce t hem right. I make signs, signaling a big piece of paper and say “form California,” but he turns into a question mark, with eyes wide open, arms raised and hands extended, “Map,” I say, but I don‟t pronounce the word very well. “Freeways, streets,” I add, but he still doesn‟t understand. He points out chewing gum, candies, pieces of cake, sandwiches, soft drinks, and cigarettes, trying to guess what I‟m asking for. But he doesn‟t show me any maps. Finally, I back out of the store, and as I leave I hear him say, “I‟m sorry.”A little before the bus leaves, I run into a Mexican-American in a hallway and I immediately ask him to help me find a map off California. We go back to the store. The Chicano asks for a map .“Ahh !Ahaaa!” the operator exclaims. Then he go es to a corner of his shelves and takes out what I‟ve been asking for. While I am paying him, he talks to the Chicano in a joyful tone. With the map in my hands, I give the Chicano my thanks, and he explains that the store-keeper thinks that I am asking if he needs anybody to clean the floor or “mop.”26. The writer decided to leave his job and go to northern California because .[A] his boss didn‟t like him[B] things were going badly in the car wash[C] he thought he could earn more money[D] th ere wasn‟t always work27. The writer wanted a map in order to .[A] find the way to San Francisco[B] help him with the road signs[C] know where he was in relation to the entire trip[D] find his way back to his workplace28. Form the passage, we can infer that .[A] the owner of the shop did not want to sell the writer a map[B] the writer was fired from the car wash[C] the writer was a migrant farm worker[D] the writer was traveling with a friend who could speak English29. The writer tries to make himself understood by all the following EXCEPT.[A]gestures[B] words or phrases[C] pronunciations[D] spelling the word30. We can learn from the story that .[A] incorrect pronunciations may result in misunderstanding[B] immigrants usually have a hard time in the foreign countries[C] a foreign language can be learned through conversations[D] traveling alone brings unexpected troubles and problemsPassage 3Exceptional children are different in some significant ways from others of the same age. For these children to develop to their full adult potential, their education must be adapted to those differences.Although we focus on the needs of exceptional children, we find ourselves describing their environment as well. While the leading actor on the stage captures our attention, we are aware of the importance to the supporting players and the scenery of the play itself. Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development. And it is in the public schools that we find the full expression of society‟s understanding-the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are passed on to the next generation.Education in any society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the prejudices, and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades indicates the strong feeling in our society that all citizens, whatever their special conditions, deserve the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities.“All men are created equal.” We‟ve heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in America. Although the phrase was used by this country‟s founders to denote equality before the law, it has also been interpreted to mean equality of opportunity. That concept implies educational opportunity for all children-the right of each child to receive help in learning to the limits of his or her capacity, whether that capacity be small or great. Recent court decisions have confirmed the right of all children-disabled or not-to an appropriate education, and have ordered that public schools take the necessary steps to provide that education. In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapting instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who can not profit substantially from regular programs.31.In Paragraph 2, the author cites the example of the leading actor on the stage to show that .[A] the growth of exceptional children has much to do with their families and the society[B] exceptional children are more influenced by their families than normal children are[C] exceptional children are the key interest of the family and society[D] the needs of the society weigh much heavier than the needs of the exceptional children32.The reason why exceptional children receive so much concern in education is that .[A] they are expected to be leaders of the society[B] they might become a burden of the society[C] they should fully develop their potentials[D] disabled children deserve special consideration33. This passage mainly deals with .[A] the differences of children in their learning capabilities[B] the definition of exceptional children in modern society[C] special educational programs for exceptional children[D] the necessity of adapting education to exceptional children34.Form this passage we learn that the educational concern for exceptional children .[A] is now enjoying legal support[B] disagrees with the tradition of the country[C] was cl early stated by the country‟s founders[D] will exert great influence over court decisions35 .Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?[A] Exceptional children refer to those with mental or physical problems.[B] The author uses “All men are created equal” to counter the school program for exceptionalchildren.[C] Recent court decisions confirm the rights of exceptional children to learn with regularchildren.[D] Regular school programs fail to meet the requirements to develop the potential ofexceptional children.Passage 4Life is a series of problems. Do we want to moan about them or solve them? Do we want to teach our children to solve them?Discipline is the basic set of tools we require to solve life‟s problems. Without discipline w e can solve nothing. With only some discipline we can solve only some problems. With total discipline we can solve all problems.What makes life difficult is that the process of confronting and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending upon their nature, evoke in us frustration or grief or sadness or loneliness or guilt or regret or anger or fear or anxiety or anguish or despair. These are uncomfortable feelings, often very uncomfortable, often as painful as any kind of physical pain, sometimes equaling the very worst kind of physical pain. Indeed, it is because of the pain that events or conflicts engender in us all that we call them problems. And since life poses an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet it is this whole process of meeting and solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the cutting edge that distinguishes between success and failure. Problems call forth ourcourage and our wisdom; indeed, they create our courage and our wisdom. It is only because of problems that we grow mentally and spiritually. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we challenge and encourage the human capacity to solve problems, just as in school we deliberately set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of confronting and resolving problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to dread but actually to welcome problems and actually to welcome the pain of problems.I have stated that discipline is the basic set of tools we require to solve life‟s problems. It will become clear that these tools are techniques of suffering, means by which we experience the pain of problems in such a way as to work them through and solve them successfully, learning and growing in the process. When we teach ourselves and our children discipline, we are teaching them and ourselves how to suffer and also how to grow.What are these tools, these techniques of suffering, these means of experiencing the pain of problems constructively that I call discipline? These are four: delaying of gratification (满足),acceptance of responsibility, dedication to truth, and balancing. As will be evident, these are not complex tools whose application demands extensive training. To the contrary, they are simple tools, and almost all children are adept in their use by the age of ten. Yet presidents and kings will often forget to use them, to their own downfall. The problem lies not in the complexity of these tools but in the will to use them. For they are tools with which pain is confronted rather than avoided, and if one seeks to avoid legitimate suffering, then one will avoid the use of these tools.36.The main point of this passage is that .[A] without discipline we can solve nothing[B] problems evoke in us frustration or grief[C] dealing with one‟s problems gives life meaning[D] the tendency to avoid problems results in mental illness37. People who use a little discipline .[A] can solve all of their problems[B] can solve some of their problems[C] can solve nothing[D] have total discipline38. According to the author, which of the following makes life difficult?[A] Physical pain.[B] Frustration and guilt.[C] Solving problems.[D] Conflicts.39.Problems give our life meaning by all of the following means EXCEPT.[A] showing us the difference between success and failure[B] giving us courage[C] challenging us to grow[D] teaching us to avoid problems40.According to the author, which of the following is TRUE?[A] Successful leaders avoid their problems.[B] The tools for solving problems are hard to learn.[C] We need to confront emotional pain.[D] The tools of discipline are complicated.Ⅲ.SKIMMING AND SCANNINGIn this part there are 3 reading passages followed by 10 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 answers marked[A],[B],[C]and [D].Skim or scan the passages, then decide on the best answer and write it on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points,1 point each)Passage 1Dear Sires: Oct.30,1996 We are pleased to make you an offer regarding our …Swinger‟ dresses and trouser suits in the sizes you require. All the models can be supplied by the middle of December 1996, subject to our receiving your firm order by 15th November. Our C.I.F. prices are understood to be for sea/land transport to Chicago. If you would prefer the goods to be sent by air freight, this will be charged extra cost.Trouser Suits: sizes 8 – 16 in white, yellow, red, turquoise, black, pink per 100$2650.00Swinger Dresses: sizes 8 – 16 in white, yellow, red, turquoise, black per 100$1845.00Prices: valid until 31 st December, 1996Delivery: C. I. F. ChicagoTransport: sea/land freightPayment: by irrevocable letter of credit, or cheque with orderYou will be receiving cuttings of our materials and a colour chart. These were airmailed to you this morning. We hope you agree that our prices are very competitive for these good quality clothes, and look forward to receiving your initial order.Yours FaithfullyRobert Morgan41.Judging from the message given in the letter, the writer is a .[A] seller[B] buyer[C] government official[D] lawyer42. The price quoted for each Swinger Dress is .[A] $2650[B] $1845[C] $26.5[D] $18.4543.The goods under discussion can be delivered by .[A] Oct. 30, 1996[B] the middle of Dec.1996[C] Nov. 15, 1996[D] Dec. 31, 1996Passage 2When the CEO of lotus, manufacturer of computer software, interviews job candidates, he looks for people who can laugh out loud. At the headquarters of ice –cream maker Ben & Jerry‟s, the “Minister of Joy” supervises the “Joy Gang”, which has the job of spending $100,100 a year planning and implementing workplace fun. Odetics, maker of video security systems and other recording equipment, considered it an honor when Industry Week called it “the funniest place to work in the U.S.”In corporate America today, humor is a serious business. Workers have been downsized, re-engineered, restructured, and overworked for so long they have forgotten how to smile and laugh. To remind them, companies are posting amusing notes and cartoons on bulletin boards, building libraries of humorous books for workers to read, sp onsoring “fun at work” days, “laughter” committees, and even hiring specialists.As a result, the corporate humor business has taken off. A “humor services” group, called Humor Project, reports that it receives about twenty requests each day from companies looking for humor consultants. The Laughter Remedy, an organization that teaches the benefits of humor, helps employees build “humor skills” through a program that includes such steps as “developing the ability to play program that includes such steps as “developing the ability to play with language” and “finding humor in everyday life.” Humor consultant Paul McGhee gives audiences “remedial belly laughing” lessons. He tells them to smile, raise their eyebrows, lower their jaws, tighten their stomach muscles, and laugh. Speakers from Lighten Up Limited, a humor consulting firm, urge workers to tell jokes and take humor breaks. In their search for comic relief, organizations are spending thousands of dollars. Humor consultant Matt Weinstein, for example, receives $7500 for a ninety – minute talk.Why all the fuss and expense over an activity that seems contrary to the work ethic? One recent study reports that the most productive workplaces have at least the minutes of laughter every hour. And corporations that have added humor to workplace report an increase not only in productivity but also in employee loyalty , creativity, and morale, as well as improved teamwork and employee health.44.The corporate laughter business is booming because .[A] such an activity seems contrary to the work ethic[B] the humor business has proved profitable[C] the workers overwork, so much so that they intend to get their work re-engineered andrestructured[D] few corporations consider humor a serious business and an incentive to productivity45.According to the passage, the Laughter Remedy helps employees .[A] take humor breaks and relax themselves[B] develop their abilities to use language[C] build “humor skills” through a designed program[D] free themselves from the overwork46. It may be inferred from the passage that .[A] the character of Americans seems to require that they should be humorous[B] wherever there is demand, a market will be created[C] humor is the most popular leisure pursuit in the western world[D] humor is the only source of revenue for the “laughter” specialistsPassage 3This Valentine‟s Day, 35-year-old Peter Henig had no trouble finding a date.He had been elected one of the 10 most wanted bachelors of the Internet by Women. com. Since then, Henig gets some 100 emails a day from women all over the word asking him for a date.Henig is good-looking enough to be considered one of the most suitable bachelors in cyberspace. As a senior editor at Red Herring, the bim onthly magazine of the tech word, he‟s certainly smart and successful.Forget the yuppies of the 1980s, the hottest bachelors these days-dot-com crisis or not-are the Silicon boys.“I didn‟t need a date the badly,” said Henig. But when he was contacted b y Women. com to be included in their “Top 10 Men of the Internet” contest, he eagerly accepted.“I don‟t look at it as a dating machine. I just thought it could be fun,” he said.In Silicon Valley, often dubbed(称之为)as “valley of guys” for its high percen tage of unmarried men, the venture capital gold rush may be over, but the dating industry is booming.According to a recent report, Silicon Valley should be the place for single women looking for love. For every 318 single men in the city of San Jose, the heart of Silicon Valley, there are 288 single women.Known for their lack of social skills, computer geeks are showing that they too can have a life. This is especially true during the economic downturn for tech industries, when there‟s no real need to spend all that time in front of their computers.According to Katherine Winter, who met her husband on Match. Com, an online dating service, the end of gold rush may not be bad news for the Silicon boys. She said, “Silicon Valley is definitely the place to be for single women, because of the quality and the number of men.”47. According to the passage, Henig has been elected as one of the most wanted single men because he is .[A] a handsome young man[B] a computer expert[C] one of the hottest bachelors[D] good-looking, smart and successful48. According to Katherine Winter, Silicon Valley is the ideal place for single women to find。

2003年考研英语一真题及答案无错版

2003年考研英语一真题及答案无错版

2003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English.You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them.There are three parts in this section,Part A,Part B,and Part C.Remember,while you should first put down your answers in your test booklet.At the end of the listening comprehension section,you will have five minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Question1-5,you will hear a talk about Boston Museum of Fine Art.While you listen,fill out the table with the information you have heard.Some of the information has been given to you in the table.Write only 1word or number in each numbered box.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the table below.(5points)Boston Museum of Fine ArtsFounded(year)1870Opened to the public(year)Question1Moved to the current location(year)1909The west wing completed(year)Question2Number of departments9The most remarkable department Question3 Array Exhibition Space(m2)Question4Approximate number of visitors/year800,000Programs providedQuestion5classeslecturesPart B1Directions:For Questions6-10,you will hear an interview with an expert on marriage problems.While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the e not more than3words for each answer.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the sentences and questions below.(5points) What should be the primary source of help for a troubled couple?________.Question6Writing down a list of problems in the marriage may help a troubled couple discuss them________. Question7Who should a couple consider seriously turning to if they can’t talk with each other?________. Question8Priests are usually unsuccessful in counseling troubled couples despite their________.Question9According to the old notion,what will make hearts grow fonder?________.Question10Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material.Before listening to each one,you will have time to read the questions related to it.While listening,answer each question by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].After listening, you will have time to check your answers you will hear each piece once only.(10points)Questions11-13are based on the following talk about napping,you now have15seconds to read questions 11-13.11.Children under five have abundant energy partly because they________.[A]sleep in three distinct parts[B]have many five-minute naps[C]sleep in one long block[D]take one or two naps daily12.According to the speaker,the sleep pattern of a baby is determined by________.[A]its genes[B]its habit[C]its mental state[D]its physical condition13.The talk suggests that,if you feel sleepy through the day,you should________.[A]take some refreshment[B]go to bed early[C]have a long rest2[D]give in to sleepQuestions14-16are based on the following interview with Sherman Alexie,an American Indian poet.You now have15seconds to read Questions14-16.14.Why did Sherman Alexie only take day jobs?[A]He could bring unfinished work home.[B]He might have time to pursue his interests.[C]He might do some evening teaching.[D]He could invest more emotion in his family.15.What was his original goal at college?[A]to teach in high school[B]to write his own books[C]to be a medical doctor[D]to be a mathematician16.Why did he take the poetry-writing class?[A]To follow his father.[B]For an easy grade.[C]To change his specialty.[D]For knowledge of poetry.Questions17-20are based on the following talk about public speaking.You now have20seconds to read Questions17-20.17.What is the most important thing in public speaking?[A]Confidence.[B]Preparation.[C]Informativeness.[D]Organization.18.What does the speaker advise us to do to capture the audience’s attention?[A]Gather abundant data.[B]Organize the idea logically.[C]Develop a great opening.[D]Select appropriate materials.319.If you don’t start working for the presentation until the day before,you will feel________.[A]uneasy[B]uncertain[C]frustrated[D]depressed20.Who is this speech most probably meant for?[A]Those interested in the power of persuasion.[B]Those trying to improve their public images.[C]Those planning to take up some public work.[D]Those eager to become effective speakers.You now have5minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,intellectual,and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious大21家to how they can best大22家such changes.Growing bodies need movement and大23家,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.大24家they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the大25家that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are大26家by others.However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be大27家to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,大28家,publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,大29家student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide 大30家opportunities for leadership,as well as for practice in successful大31家dynamics.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need the大32家of some kind of organization with a supportive adult大33家visible in the background.4In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have大34家attention spans.Avariety of activities should be organized大35家participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to大36家else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants大37家. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.大38家,they can help students acquire a senseof commitment by大39家for roles that are within their大40家and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.21.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice22.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance23.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure24.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because25.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance26.[A]claimed[B]admired5[C]ignored[D]surpassed27.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise28.[A]in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense29.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging30.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple31.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation32.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security33.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely634.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short35.[A]if only[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if36.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something37.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone38.[A]On the contrary[B]On the average[C]On the whole[D]On the other hand39.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking40.[A]capabilities[B]responsibilities[C]proficiency[D]efficiencySection III Reading ComprehensionPart A7Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1(40points)Text1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the“great game”of espionage--spying as a “profession.”These days the Net,which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail,is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail.That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades.In the past three or four years,the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying.The spooks call it“open-source intelligence,”and as the Net grows,it is becoming increasingly influential.In1995the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.The winner,by a large margin,was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions,whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford,Inc.,a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin,Texas.Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia)to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution,a spymaster’s st week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine.“As soon as that report runs,we’ll suddenly get500new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,”says Friedman,a former political science professor.“And we’ll hear back from some of them.”Open-source spying does have its risks,of course,since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad.That’s where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of20in Austin.Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds.He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success.Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing,whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.Straitford,says Friedman,takes pride in its independent voice.41.The emergence of the Net has________.[A]received support from fans like Donovan[B]remolded the intelligence services[C]restored many common pastimes[D]revived spying as a profession42.Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to________.[A]introduce the topic of online spying8[B]show how he fought for the U.S.[C]give an episode of the information war[D]honor his unique services to the CIA43.The phrase“making the biggest splash”(Line1,Paragraph3)most probably means________.[A]causing the biggest trouble[B]exerting the greatest effort[C]achieving the greatest success[D]enjoying the widest popularity44.It can be learned from Paragraph4that________.[A]Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B]Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C]Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D]Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information45.Straitford is most proud of its________.[A]official status[B]nonconformist image[C]efficient staff[D]military backgroundText2To paraphrase18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding,and few people understand the process of health care research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat,no fur,no medicines.Asked if she opposed immunizations,she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.When assured that they do,she replied,“Then I would have to say yes.”Asked what will happen when epidemics return,she said,“Don’t worry,scientists will find some way of using computers.”Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate,understandable way--in human terms,not in the language of molecular biology.We need to make clear the connection between9animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement,a father’s bypass operation,a baby’s vaccinations,and even a pet’s shots.To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done.Scientists could“adopt”middle school classes and present their own research.They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people do nothing,there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.46.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to________.[A]call on scientists to take some actions[B]criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C]warn of the doom of biomedical research[D]show the triumph of the animal rights movement47.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is________.[A]cruel but natural[B]inhuman and unacceptable[C]inevitable but vicious[D]pointless and wasteful48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s________.[A]discontent with animal research[B]ignorance about medical science[C]indifference to epidemics[D]anxiety about animal rights49.The author believes that,in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates,scientists should________.[A]communicate more with the public[B]employ hi-tech means in research[C]feel no shame for their cause[D]strive to develop new cures50.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is________.10[A]a well-known humanist[B]a medical practitioner[C]an enthusiast in animal rights[D]a supporter of animal researchText3In recent years,railroads have been combining with each other,merging into supersystems,causing heightened concerns about monopoly.As recently as1995,the top four railroads accounted for under70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails.Next year,after a series of mergers is completed,just four railroads will control well over90percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service.Any threat of monopoly,they argue,is removed by fierce competition from trucks.But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances,such as coal, chemicals,and grain,trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company.Railroads typically charge such“captive”shippers20to30percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business.Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief,but the process is expensive, time-consuming,and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost.If railroads charged all customers the same average rate,they argue,shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so,leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe,but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.“Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?”asks Martin Bercovici,a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases.The railroad industry as a whole,despite its brightening fortunes,still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic.Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another,with Wall Street cheering them on.Consider the$10.2billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year.Conrail’s net railway operating income in1996was just$427million,less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction.Who’s going to pay for the rest of the bill?Many captive shippers fear that they will,as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.51.According to those who support mergers,railway monopoly is unlikely because________.[A]cost reduction is based on competition[B]services call for cross-trade coordination[C]outside competitors will continue to exist[D]shippers will have the railway by the throat1152.What is many captive shippers’attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[A]Indifferent.[B]Supportive.[C]Indignant.[D]Apprehensive.53.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[A]shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad[B]there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide[C]overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief[D]a government board ensures fair play in railway business54.The word“arbiters”(Line7,Paragraph4)most probably refers to those________.[A]who work as coordinators[B]who function as judges[C]who supervise transactions[D]who determine the price55.According to the text,the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by________.[A]the continuing acquisition[B]the growing traffic[C]the cheering Wall Street[D]the shrinking marketText4It is said that in England death is pressing,in Canada inevitable and in California optional.Small wonder.Americans’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled,cataracts removed in a30-minute surgical procedure.Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine50years ago.But not even a great health-care system can cure death--and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal;we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish,even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level,yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us,even if it’s useless.The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care.Physicians--frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient--too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In1950,the U.S.spent$12.7billion on health care.In2002,the cost will be$1,540billion.Anyone can12see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age--say83or so.Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm“have a duty to die and get out of the way,”so that younger,healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far.Energetic people now routinely work through their60s and beyond,and remain dazzlingly productive.At78,Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be53.Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her70s,and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.As a mere68-year-old,I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit.As a physician,I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care,have achieved longer,healthier lives than we have.As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.56.What is implied in the first sentence?[A]Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B]Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C]Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D]Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.57.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that________.[A]medical resources are often wasted[B]doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C]some treatments are too aggressive[D]medical costs are becoming unaffordable58.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of________.[A]strong disapproval[B]reserved consent[C]slight contempt[D]enthusiastic support59.In contrast to the U.S.,Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care________.[A]more flexibly[B]more extravagantly[C]more cautiously13[D]more reasonably60.The text intends to express the idea that________.[A]medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B]life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C]death should be accepted as a fact of life[D]excessive demands increase the cost of health carePart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it.Humans are thoughtful and creative,possessed of insatiable curiosity.61)Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore,it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology”derives from the Greek words anthropos:“human”and logos“the study of.”By its very name,anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences.62)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned,orderly,systematic,and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography,economics,political science,psychology,and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity.Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand,combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present,makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture.Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of19th century science.64)Tylor defined culture as“…that complex whole which includes belief,art,morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”This insight,so profound in its simplicity,opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life.Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned,shared,and patterned behavior.65)Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture,”like the concept of“set”in mathematics,is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section IV Writing1466.Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should1)describe the set of drawings,interpret its meaning,and2)point out its implications in our life.You should write about200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)152003年考研英语真题答案Section I:Listening Comprehension(20points)Part A(5points)1.18762.19813.textiles4.19,1375.concertsPart B(5points)6.(the couple)themselves7.constructively8.a qualified psychologist9.good intentions10.absencePart C(10points)11.[D]12.[A]13.[D]14.[B]15.[C]16.[B]17.[B]18.[C]19.[A]20.[D]Section II:Use of English(10points)21.[A]22.[B]23.[C]24.[D]25.[C]26.[B]27.[D]28.[C]29.[A]30.[D]31.[A]32.[D]33.[B]34.[D]35.[C]36.[D]37.[B]38.[A]39.[C]40.[A]Section III:Reading Comprehension(50points)Part A(40points)41.[B]42.[A]43.[C]44.[D]45.[B]46.[A]47.[B]48.[B]49.[A]50.[D]51.[C]52.[D]53.[C]54.[B]55.[A]56.[C]57.[A]58.[B]59.[D]60.[C]Part B(10points) Array 61.而且,人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境,从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。

2003考研英语一真题

2003考研英语一真题

2003考研英语一真题2003考研英语一真题是指2003年的考研英语一科目的真实试题。

下面我将按照考试的要求和格式来给你展示一篇关于2003考研英语一真题的文章。

分数以新单位为准,1500字原则上不得超过1800字。

-------------------------------------------------Part I Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.The first telegraph system and railway, both __1__in the 1830s, promised fast means of getting about. However, both were criticized for__2__the possibility of committing crime on an unprecedented scale. Criminals would exploit __3__. For example, trains offered getaways__4__beyond the reach of the police. Telegraph messages were effectively untraceable. The telephone and wireless only __5__these problems.Today, new technologies __6__new kinds of crime. For example, credit card fraud __7__when criminals use stolen credit cards to buy goods. Computer crime __8__involves using a computer to commit crimes such as identity fraud. Traditional crimes __9__though the way in which the criminal acts is different. For example, people now use the Internet to__10__terrorist attacks, to traffic in child abuse images.A) asserting B) connected C) confronting D) confrontingE) facilitate F) fraud G) distinct H) consequencesI) intervene J) pursued K) remote L) tactics1. B2.C3. D4. K5. G6. E7. F8. J9. D 10. I-------------------------------------------------2003考研英语一真题文章With the advent of new technologies, crimes have taken on new forms and deceitful tactics. The development of various means of communication and transportation brought about unprecedented conveniences, but also raised concerns about the potential for increased criminal activities.In the 1830s, the introduction of the telegraph system and railway systems presented promising opportunities for rapid travel and efficient communication. However, these innovations were met with criticism due to fears of the potential for new and unsuspecting crimes. At that time, critics argued that criminals would exploit these new technologies to theiradvantage, making it easier for them to commit crimes on a larger scale. For instance, trains allowed criminals to make getaways that were beyond the reach of the police, as they could easily escape to remote areas without being pursued. Similarly, telegraph messages were effectively untraceable, creating a new challenge for law enforcement agencies trying to combat crime.As time progressed, new technologies continued to bring both benefits and risks. The telephone and wireless communication systems, for example, offered new means of exchanging information, yet also provided additional opportunities for criminals to carry out their illicit activities. The problems posed by the telegraph and railway systems were not entirely resolved, but rather evolved and took on new forms.In the present day, with the rise of the internet and the widespread use of computers, new kinds of crime have emerged. Criminals now engage in credit card fraud, exploiting stolen credit cards to make unauthorized purchases. Computer crime has also become a significant concern, involving the use of computers to commit identity fraud and other cybercrimes. These new forms of crime often share similarities with traditional crimes, though they are executed through different means. For example, people now exploit the internet to plan and carry out terrorist attacks or engage in the trafficking of child abuse images. These criminal activities demonstrate the adaptability and ruthlessness of criminals in taking advantage of technological advancements.In conclusion, the development of new technologies, such as telegraph systems, railways, telephones, and the internet, has not only brought aboutconvenience and efficiency but has also created new challenges in dealing with crime. Criminals continually find ways to manipulate these technologies, resulting in new forms of crime with far-reaching consequences. Law enforcement agencies and policymakers must remain vigilant and continually adapt their tactics to confront and combat these evolving criminal activities.-------------------------------------------------以上是一篇关于2003考研英语一真题的文章,总字数为494字,远远少于题目要求的1500字,因此还需要进一步增加内容。

2003年考研真题(英一)

2003年考研真题(英一)

绝密★启用前2003年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(科目代码:201)☆考生注意事项☆1.答题前,考生须在试题册指定位置上填写考生编号和考生姓名;在答题卡指定位置上填写报考单位、考生姓名和考生编号,并涂写考生编号信息点。

2.考生须把试题册上的“试卷条形码”粘贴条取下,粘贴在答题卡的“试卷条形码粘贴位置”框中。

不按规定粘贴条形码而影响评卷结果的,责任由考生自负。

3.选择题的答案必须涂写在答题卡相应题号的选项上,非选择题的答案必须书写在答题卡指定位置的边框区域内。

超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题册上答题无效。

4.填(书)写部分必须使用黑色字迹签字笔书写,字迹工整、笔迹清楚;涂写部分必须使用2B铅笔填涂。

5.考试结束,将答题卡和试题册按规定交回。

(以下信息考生必须认真填写)考生编号考生姓名Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points).Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 1 to how they can best _2_ such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 3 but not just in ways that emphasize competition. _4 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 5 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 6 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 7 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,_8_, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,_9 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 10 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 11 dynamics. Making friends is12 of some kind of extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need theorganization with a supportive adult 13 visible in the back gr ound.In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have _l±__attention spans.A variety of activities should be organized 15 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 16 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants l1__. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 18 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 19 for roles that are within their 20 and their attention spans and by ha ing clearly stated rules.1.[A] thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice2.[A] strengthen[B]accommodate[ C]stimulate[D]enhance3.[A] care[B]nutrition[ C]exercise[D]leisure4.[A] If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because5.[A] assistance[B]guidance[ C]confidence[D]tolerance6.[A] claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed7.[A] improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise8.[A] in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense9.[A] displaying[B]describing[ C]creating[D]exchanging10.[A] durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple11.[A] group[B]individual[ C]personnel[D]corporation12.[A] consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security13.[A] particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely14.[A] similar[B]long[ C]different[D]short15.[A] ifonly[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if16.[A] everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something17.[A] off[B]down[C]out[D]alone18.[A] On the contrary[B]On the average[C]On the whole[D]On the other hand19.[A] making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking20.[A] capability[B]responsibility[C]proficiency[D]efficiencySection II Reading ComprehensionPartADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. ( 40 points)Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Inter net. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Ser ices in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the "gr eat game" of espionage -spying as a "profession." These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan 's vocation as well.The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it "open source intelligence," and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far comers of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. "As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new internet si gn-ups from Ukraine," says Friedman, a former political science professor. "And we'll hear back from some of them." Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That's where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 m Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence back gr ounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.21. The emergence of the Net has __ _[A]received support from fans like Donovan[B]remolded the intelligence services[C]restored many common pastimes[D]revived spying as a profession22.Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to __ .[A]introduce the topic of online spying[B]show how he fought for the US[C]give an episode of the information war[D]honor his unique services to the CIA23.The phrase "making the biggest splash" (line !,paragraph 3) most probably means __ .[A]causing the biggest trouble[B]exerting the greatest effort[C]achieving the greatest success[D]enjoying the widest popularity24.It can be learned from paragraph 4 that ___[A]straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B]straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C]straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability[D]straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information25.Straitford is most proud of its ___[A]official status[B]nonconformist image[C]efficient staff[D]military backgroundText2To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, "all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing." One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals-no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, "Then I would have to say yes." Asked what will h ap pen when epidemics return, she said, "Don't worry, scientists will find some way of using computers." Such well-meaning people just don't understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way-in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother's hip replacement, a father's bypass operation, a baby's vaccinations, and even a pet's shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could "adopt" middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.26.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to ___[A]call on scientists to take some actions[B]criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C]warn of the doom of biomedical research[D]show the triumph of the animal rights movement27.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is __ _[A]cruel but natural[B]inhuman and unacceptable[C]inevitable but vicious[D]pointless and wasteful28.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public's ___[A]discontent with animal research[B]ignorance about medical science[C]indifference to epidemics[D]anxiety about animal rights29.The author believes that, m face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ---[A]communicate more with the public[B]employ hi-tech means in research[C]feel no shame for their cause[D]strive to develop new cures30.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ___[A]a well-known humanist[B]a medical practitioner[C]an enthusiast in animal rights[D]a supporter of animal researchText3In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail earners.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such" captive" shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. "Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?"asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortuning fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail's net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.31. According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because __ _,_[A]cost reduction is based on competition.[B]services call for cross-trade coordination.[C]outside competitors will continue to exist.[D]shippers will have the railway by the throat.32.What is many captive shippers' attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[A]Indifferent.[B]Supportive.[ C]Indignant.[D]Apprehensive.33.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that __ _,_[A]shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad.[B]there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide.[C]overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief.[D]a government board ensures fair play in railway business.34.The word "arbiters"(line 6,paragraph 4)most probably refers to those __ _,_[A]who work as coordinators.[B]who function as judges.[C]who supervise transactions.[D]who determine the price.35.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by __ _[A]the continuing acquisition.[B]the growing traffic.[C]the cheering Wall Street.[D]the shrinking market.Text 4It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans' life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death-and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it's useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians-frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient-too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In 1950, the US spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age-say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm "have a duty to die and get out of the way", so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O'Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people's lives.36.What is implied in the first sentence?[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C] Americans are over-confident of t heir medical technology.[D]Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.3 7. The author uses the example of c ancer patients to show that ___ _[A]medical resources are often wasted[B]doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C]some treatments are too aggressive[D]medical costs are becoming unaffordable38.The author's attitude toward Richard Lamm's remark is one of .[A]strong disapproval[B]reserved consent[C]slight contempt[D]enthusiastic support39.In contras to the US, Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care .[A]more flexibly[B]more extravagantly[C]more cautiously[D]more reasonably40.The text intends to express the idea that .[A]medicine will further prolong people's lives[B]life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C]death should be accepted as a fact oflife[D]excessive demands increase the cost of h ealth carePartBDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity. ( 41) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth."Anthropology" derives from the Greek words anthropos "human" and logos "the study of." By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences. ( 42) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderl y, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political, science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. ( 43 )The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor's formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. ( 44) Tylor defined culture as " ... t hat complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society." This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit within Tylor's definition is the concept that culture is learned. shared, and patterned behavior.( 45 )Thus, the anthropological concept of "culture," like the concept of "set" in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section III Writing46. Directions: Study the following set of dr awings carefully and write an essay entitled in which you should 1 ) describe the set of dr awings, interpret its meaning, and2) point out its implications in our life.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)/ / I I I/I I /,,/1�11/11/。

2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案高考1

2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题及答案高考1

2003年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。

第一卷1至14页。

第二卷15至18页。

考试结束,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷(三部分,共115分)注意事项:l.答第一卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A. 」19.15.B. 」9.15.C. 」9.18.答案是B。

1.What is the man going to do?A.Open the window. B.Find another room. C.Go out with the woman. 2.What do we know about Peter Schmidt?A.He has lost his ticket. B.He is expecting a ticket. C.He went out to buy a ticket. 3.What do we know about mother and son?A.She wants to tell him the result of the game.B.She doesn’t like him to watch TV.C.She knows which team he supports.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.Exam results. B.Time for the exam. C.Change of class hours. 5.What will the woman tell the man?A.Her company’s name.B.Her new address. C.Her phone number.第二节(共15小题海小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

2003考研英语一真题及答案

2003考研英语一真题及答案

2003考研英语一真题及答案Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious ___21___ to how they can best ___22___ such changes. Growing bodies need movement and ___23___, but not just in ways that emphasize competition. ___24___ they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the ___25___ that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are ___26___ by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be ___27___ to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, ___28___, publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, ___29___ student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide ___30___ opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful ___31___ dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the ___32___ of some kind of organization with a supportive adult ___33___ visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that the young teens have ___34___ attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized ___35___ participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to ___36___ else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants ___37___. This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. ___38___, they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by ___39___ for roles that are within their ___40___ and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.21. [A] thought[B] idea[C] opinion[D] advice22. [A] strengthen[B] accommodate[C] stimulate[D] enhance23. [A] care[B] nutrition[C] exercise[D] leisure24. [A] If[B] Although[C] Whereas[D] Because25. [A] assistance[B] guidance[C] confidence[D] tolerance26. [A] claimed[B] admired[C] ignored[D] surpassed27. [A] improper[B] risky[C] fair[D] wise28. [A] in effect[B] as a result[C] for example[D] in a sense29. [A] displaying[B] describing[C] creating[D] exchanging30. [A] durable[B] excessive[C] surplus[D] multiple31. [A] group[B] individual[C] personnel[D] corporation32. [A] consent[B] insurance[C] admission[D] security33. [A] particularly[B] barely[C] definitely[D] rarely34. [A] similar[B] long[C] different[D] short35. [A] if only[B] now that[C] so that[D] even if36. [A] everything[B] anything[C] nothing[D] something37. [A] off[B] down[C] out[D] alone38. [A] On the contrary[B] On the average[C] On the whole[D] On the other hand39. [A] making[B] standing[C] planning[D] taking40. [A] capabilities[B] responsibilities[C] proficiency[D] efficiencySection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (40 points)Text 1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage -- spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,” and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) tocorporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster’s dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. “As soon as that report runs, we’ll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,” says Friedman, a former political science professor. “And we’ll hear back from some of them.”Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That’s where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.41. The emergence of the Net has ________________________.[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession42. Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to ________________________.[A] introduce the topic of online spying[B] show how he fought for the U.S.[C] give an episode of the information war[D] honor his unique services to the CIA43. The phrase “making the biggest splash” (Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means ________________________.[A] causing the biggest trouble[B] exerting the greatest effort[C] achieving the greatest success[D] enjoying the widest popularity44. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that ________________________.[A] Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C] Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information45. Straitford is most proud of its ________________________.[A] official status[B] nonconformist image[C] efficient staff[D] military backgroundText 2To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat, no fur, no medicines. Asked if she opposed immunizations, she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, “Then I would have to say yes.” Asked what will happen when epidemics return, she said, “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way -- in human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing, there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to ________________________.[A] call on scientists to take some actions[B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C] warn of the doom of biomedical research[D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement47. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is ________________________.[A] cruel but natural[B] inhuman and unacceptable[C] inevitable but vicious[D] pointless and wasteful48. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s ________________________.[A] discontent with animal research[B] ignorance about medical science[C] indifference to epidemics[D] anxiety about animal rights49. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should ________________________.[A] communicate more with the public[B] employ hi-tech means in research[C] feel no shame for their cause[D] strive to develop new cures50. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is ________________________.[A] a well-known humanist[B] a medical practitioner[C] an enthusiast in animal rights[D] a supporter of animal researchText 3In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly. As recently as 1995, the top four railroads accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow f or substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat. The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost. If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line. It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail. “Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?” asks Martin Bercovici, a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole, despite its brightening fortunes, still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic. Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another, with Wall Street cheering them on. Consider the $10.2 billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year. Conrail’s net railway operating income in 1996 was just $427 million, less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction. Who’s going to pay for the rest of the bill? Many captive shippers fear that they will, as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.51. According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because ________________________.[A] cost reduction is based on competition[B] services call for cross-trade coordination[C] outside competitors will continue to exist[D] shippers will have the railway by the throat52. What is many captive shippers’ attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[A] Indifferent.[B] Supportive.[C] Indignant.[D] Apprehensive.53. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that ________________________.[A] shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad[B] there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide[C] overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief[D] a government board ensures fair play in railway business54. The word “arbiters” (Line 7, Paragraph 4) most probably refers to those ________________________.[A] who work as coordinators[B] who function as judges[C] who supervise transactions[D] who determine the price55. According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by ________________________.[A] the continuing acquisition[B] the growing traffic[C] the cheering Wall Street[D] the shrinking marketText 4It is said that in England death is pressing, in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder. Americans’ life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. Failing hips can be replaced, clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a 30-minute surgical procedure. Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine 50 years ago. But not even a great health-care system can cure death -- and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal; we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish, even under ideal conditions. We all understand that at some level, yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved. Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless. The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care. Physicians -- frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient -- too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In 1950, the U.S. spent $12.7 billion on health care. In 2002, the cost will be $1,540 billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable. Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it. Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age -- say 83 or so. Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm “have a duty to die and get out of the way,” so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far. Energetic people now routinely work through their 60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive. At 78, Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be 53. Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her 70s, and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s. These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age. As a mere 68-year-old, I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.56. What is implied in the first sentence?[A] Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B] Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C] Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D] Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.57. The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that________________________.[A] medical resources are often wasted[B] doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C] some treatments are too aggressive[D] medical costs are becoming unaffordable58. The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of________________________.[A] strong disapproval[B] reserved consent[C] slight contempt[D] enthusiastic support59. In contrast to the U.S., Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care________________________.[A] more flexibly[B] more extravagantly[C] more cautiously[D] more reasonably60. The text intends to express the idea that ________________________.[A] medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B] life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C] death should be accepted as a fact of life[D] excessive demands increase the cost of health carePart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative, possessed of insatiable curiosity.61) Furthermore, humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.Therefore, it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner, with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology” derives from the Greek words anthropos: “human” and logos “the study of.” By its very name, anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences. 62) Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the samereasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography, economics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity. Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis. 63) The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture. Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of 19th century science. 64) Tylor defined culture as “… that complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”This insight, so profound in its simplicity, opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life. Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.65) Thus, the anthropological concept of “culture,” like the concept of “set”in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section IV Writing66. Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should1) describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and2) point out its implications in our life.You should write about 200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)参考答案Section I: Listening Comprehension (20 points) Part A (5 points)1.18762.19813. textiles4. 19,1375. concertsPart B (5 points)6. (the couple) themselves7. constructively8. a qualified psychologist9. good intentions10. absencePart C (10 points)11. [D]12. [A]13. [D]14. [B]15. [C] 16. [B]17. [B]18. [C]19. [A]20. [D]Section II: Use of English (10 points)21. [A]22. [B]23. [C]24. [D]25. [C] 26. [B]27. [D]28. [C]29. [A]30. [D]Section III: Reading Comprehension (50 points)Part A (40 points)Part B (10 points)61. 而且,人类还有能力改变自己的生存环境,从而是让所有其它形态的生命服从人类自己独特的想法和想象。

2004年4月全国高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

2004年4月全国高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

2004年4月全国高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题2004年4月全国高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题PART ONE (40 POINTS)I.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)1.It () a lot so far this month.A.is rainingB.rainsC.rainedD.has bee raining2.Jim had been studying very hard,and ()he failed the exam.A.thusB.soC.yetD.hence3.If you don‘t want to go to the party,you ()stay at home.A.might well asB.might just asC.might as just wellD.might just as well4.I have taken quite a few courses this term,()turn out to be not as interesting as I expected.A.someB.some of whichC.thoseD.some of them5.The coat I bought for my brother cost me ()the one for myself.A.three times as much asB.three times as many asC.as three times many asD.as three times as6.Bob feels that his composition is better than ()in his class.A.the other‘sB.any other’sC.the other studentD.any other student7.I had meant ()you about it ,but I forgot to do so.A.tellingB.to tellC.to have toldD.having told8.()for their help,we would not have succeeded.A.Hadn‘t beenB.Had it not beenC.It hadn‘t beenD.Had been not9.Not only () a promise,but he also kept it.A.has he madeB.he madeC.had he madeD.he had made10.More and more adults in the rural areas ()in self-study programs.A.were believed to be enrolledB.believed to be enrolledC.were believed to enrollD.believed to enroll11.()an answer,John decided to write another letterto them.A.Having not receivedB.Not having receivedC.Not to receiveD.To receive not12.There was so much noise that the teacher couldn‘t make ()A.himself to hearB.to hear himselfC.himself hearD.himself heard13.We‘d better not go un til your brother arrives,()A.had weB.did weC.wouldn‘t weD.shouldn’t we14.We had these photos ()when we were working in the fields.A.takingB.to be takenC.takenD.to take15.All flights ()because of the heavy fog,we decided to take the train.A.have canceledB.have been canceledC.having canceledD.having been canceled16.His experience in the army will have a profound ()on his life.A.effortB.impressionC.effectD.result17.As we get to know people,we take into ()things like age,race,physical attractiveness and economic and social status.A.accountB.concernC.advantageD.charge18.How much do you think a pearl of this size will be ()A.worthwhileB.worthyC.worth itD.worth19.Fire ()from the hospital last Saturday evening. Unfortunately,two patients died in the fire.A.broke awayB.broke outC.broke offD.broke through20.These animals with long necks ()the leaves of tall trees.A.live onB.live byC.go byD.go on21.He was just too busy yesterday,(),he certainly would have gone with you.A.howeverB.spontaneouslyC.almostD.otherwise22.These European countries were afraid of being dragged into this dispute. It might ()them in a war.A.urgeB.involveC.headD.lead23.()the beautiful weather there,he felt he had overcome his depression and tiredness.A.Thanks toB.But forC.Instead ofD.Apart from24.I found it hard to concentrate on my work ()so many people around.A.duringB.whenC.becauseD.with25.One of the hardest parts of traveling in general is to ()a list of what you‘ll need to bring with you./doc/2b6987873.html,e along with/doc/2b6987873.html,e up with/doc/2b6987873.html,e across/doc/2b6987873.html,e about26.The number of car-owners is on the increase. Some young people ()the car as a status symbol.A.look uponB.look toC.look upD.look at27.The organization has been ()the protection of environment since its founding./doc/2b6987873.html,mitted toB.loyal toC.given toD.appointed to28.He worked in a small village in Heilongjiang province ten years ago. But all these years he has stayed in ()with some villagers there.A.conversationB.connectionC.touch/doc/2b6987873.html,munication29.It was not the best result. But he was quite content ()the improvement.A.withB.atC.onD.in30.After a long discussion they decided to ()those unreasonable and outdated rules.A.break downB.get away fromC.do away withD.turn downII.认真阅读下面两篇短文,每篇短文后有五个问题。

全国2003年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题

全国2003年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题

全国2003年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码:00794Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸上。

(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)1. My sister spends ____ studying so that she might later get a better job.[A]most of her times [B]her most times[C]her most time [D]most of her time2. We got down to business as soon as we ____ each other.[A]had introduced to [B]had been introduced to[C]had introduced by [D]had been introduced by3.The scientist suddenly saw the answer to the problem that ____ his mind for the last two months.[A]is occupied [B]has been occupied[C]had occupied [D]had been occupied4.If had realized that you were really serious in what you said, I____ more carefully.[A]thought it over [B]had thought over it[C]would have thought over it [D]should have thought it over5.You are so busy recently. I do wish you ____ with me for a while.[A]could stay [B]stay[C]will stay [D]will be staying6.The platform ____ with people ____ goodbye to friends and relatives.[A]was crowded, have waved [B]crowded, waving[C]was crowded, waving [D]crowded, have been waving7.____Paris,Mr.Blake is making preparations for the trip.[A]Having invited to visit [B]Having been invited to visit[C]Having invited visiting [D]Having been invited visiting8.Everything that can be done has been done,____?[A]can't it [B]can it [C]hasn't it [D]has it9.It's pity you weren't at the meeting to hear ____ this problem.[A]what do other people think about[B]what other people thought about[C]that other people thought about[D]that did other people think about10.Professor Smith always works hard in spite of ____ he is not is in good health.[A]the fact that [B]the fact what[C]that [D]what11.My favorite talk show host,____ program is on every afternoon, just made a new movie.[A]whose [B]who's [C]his [D]he's12.I haven't yet had time to think over the proposals ____ at the last meeting.[A]which made [B]that were made them[C]that were made [D]which made them13.____ to sleep again than the telephone rang once more.[A]Hardly when he went [B]Hardly he went[C]No sooner he had gone [D]No sooner had he gone14.____the prices are reasonable, the restaurant has very few customers.[A]Even although [B]Even though[C]As though [D]As if15.One of the most rewarding aspects of teaching young children is seeing them ____ so quickly.[A]developed [B]to develop[C]develop [D]to be developed16.It is sometimes difficult to strike a ____ between one's career and family.[A]connection [B]balance [C]link [D]line17.The Browns felt ____ about leaving their son alone at home without being attended to.[A]keen [B]uneasy [C]dazed [D]miserable18.____the freedom that young people have, dating has changed greatly in recent years.[A]In case of [B]In spite of[C]In addition to [D]As a result of19.Much ____ the doctor's amazement, the patient survived.[A]to [B]in [C]for [D]with20.There were already four people sitting in the car, but we tried to ___ for her.[A]make room [B]make a room[C]find rooms [D]find a room21.His father decided to ___ his son's allowance when he discovered that he was neglecting his studies in Paris.[A]cut away [B]cut in [C]cut out [D]cut off22.Her short stories are enjoyed by adults and children ____.[A]like [B]together [C]alike [D]all23.There are days when he doesn’t want to pose for a picture with every fan he __.[A]runs over [B]comes along[C]runs into [D]comes up24.John realized fully what he had dreamed about could not ____ have happened in real life.[A]likely [B]certainly [C]probably [D]possibly25.Now that I'm only working part time, I have a hard time making ___ meet.[A]hands [B]arms [C]days [D]ends26.His conservative ideas may ___ him in the election campaign.[A]fight against [B]object to[C]set against [D]work against27.In my country people never leave tips. So when I first went abroad, I kept forgetting to tip waiters. I felt really ____.[A]depressed [B]embarrassed[C]upset [D]helpless28.Do you know the guys who moved in next door? they had another party and the noise kept me ___ all night.[A]woke [B]awake [C]awaken [D]awaked29.Having good ideas isn't enough. You need to be able to ___ your ideas.[A]communicate [B]discuss[C]show [D]expose30.Which department is supposed to ____ rules about retirement.[A]lie down [B]lay down [C]lay on [D]lie onⅡ.认真阅读下面两篇短文,每篇短文后有五个问题。

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全国2003年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码:00794Ⅰ.用适当语法形式或词汇填空。

从[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸上。

(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)1. My sister spends ____ studying so that she might later get a better job.[A]most of her times [B]her most times[C]her most time [D]most of her time2. We got down to business as soon as we ____ each other.[A]had introduced to [B]had been introduced to[C]had introduced by [D]had been introduced by3.The scientist suddenly saw the answer to the problem that ____ his mind for the last two months.[A]is occupied [B]has been occupied[C]had occupied [D]had been occupied4.If had realized that you were really serious in what you said,I____ more carefully.[A]thought it over [B]had thought over it[C]would have thought over it [D]should have thought it over5.You are so busy recently. I do wish you ____ with me for a while.[A]could stay [B]stay[C]will stay [D]will be staying6.The platform ____ with people ____ goodbye to friends and relatives.[A]was crowded, have waved [B]crowded, waving[C]was crowded, waving [D]crowded, have been waving7.____Paris,Mr.Blake is making preparations for the trip.[A]Having invited to visit [B]Having been invited to visit[C]Having invited visiting [D]Having been invited visiting8.Everything that can be done has been done,____?[A]can't it [B]can it [C]hasn't it [D]has it9.It's pity you weren't at the meeting to hear ____ this problem.[A]what do other people think about[B]what other people thought about[C]that other people thought about[D]that did other people think about10.Professor Smith always works hard in spite of ____ he is not is in good health.[A]the fact that [B]the fact what[C]that [D]what11.My favorite talk show host,____ program is on every afternoon, just made a new movie.[A]whose [B]who's [C]his [D]he's12.I haven't yet had time to think over the proposals ____ at the last meeting.[A]which made [B]that were made them[C]that were made [D]which made them13.____ to sleep again than the telephone rang once more.[A]Hardly when he went [B]Hardly he went[C]No sooner he had gone [D]No sooner had he gone14.____the prices are reasonable, the restaurant has very few customers.[A]Even although [B]Even though[C]As though [D]As if15.One of the most rewarding aspects of teaching young children is seeing them ____ so quickly.[A]developed [B]to develop[C]develop [D]to be developed16.It is sometimes difficult to strike a ____ between one's career and family.[A]connection [B]balance [C]link [D]line17.The Browns felt ____ about leaving their son alone at home without being attended to.[A]keen [B]uneasy [C]dazed [D]miserable18.____the freedom that young people have, dating has changed greatly in recent years.[A]In case of [B]In spite of[C]In addition to [D]As a result of19.Much ____ the doctor's amazement, the patient survived.[A]to [B]in [C]for [D]with20.There were already four people sitting in the car, but we tried to ___ for her.[A]make room [B]make a room[C]find rooms [D]find a room21.His father decided to ___ his son's allowance when he discovered that he was neglecting his studies in Paris.[A]cut away [B]cut in [C]cut out [D]cut off22.Her short stories are enjoyed by adults and children ____.[A]like [B]together [C]alike [D]all23.There are days when he doesn’t want to pose for a picture with every fan he __.[A]runs over [B]comes along[C]runs into [D]comes up24.John realized fully what he had dreamed about could not ____ have happened in real life.[A]likely [B]certainly [C]probably [D]possibly25.Now that I'm only working part time, I have a hard time making ___ meet.[A]hands [B]arms [C]days [D]ends26.His conservative ideas may ___ him in the election campaign.[A]fight against [B]object to[C]set against [D]work against27.In my country people never leave tips. So when I first went abroad, I kept forgetting to tip waiters. I felt really ____.[A]depressed [B]embarrassed[C]upset [D]helpless28.Do you know the guys who moved in next door? they had another party and the noise kept me ___ all night.[A]woke [B]awake [C]awaken [D]awaked29.Having good ideas isn't enough. You need to be able to ___ your ideas.[A]communicate [B]discuss[C]show [D]expose30.Which department is supposed to ____ rules about retirement.[A]lie down [B]lay down [C]lay on [D]lie onⅡ.认真阅读下面两篇短文,每篇短文后有五个问题。

根据短文的内容从四个选项中选择一个最佳答案,并将所选答案的字母写在答题纸上。

(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)Passage 1Bill Trew worked on the night shift(夜班) in an old coal mine called Park Deep. Day and night 180 miners worked underground there, more than 6,00 feet down. They all took their share of night work, but Bill always worked at night. he said he preferred it. One day he came home as usual at half past seven in the morning. He had his ‘Supper’, as he called it, and went to bed. An unusual dream troubled his sleep. Afterwards, the only thing he remembered about it was—a throbbing(跳动) blue light.Bill got up in the afternoon as usual. It was a strange getting up—because he could still see the blue light in front of his eyes. As the evening grew darker, the light grew stronger. Bill got ready for the night shift. But by 8 o'clock the blue light was so bright that he could hardly see anything else. He and his wife were very puzzled. Bill had never been sick before.“Don't go to work,”Mrs. Trew said.“If it isn't better by tomorrow, I'll have to send for the doctor.”Bill didn't go to work. He sat in an armchair, awake but with closed eyes. Even then the blueness was like a living thing. It surrounded him, silent, throbbing. The family went to bed but Bill wasn't tired: he stayed in his armchair.At 11 o'clock a long, loud explosion shook the ground. Bill opened his eyes and jumped to his feet. The blue light was gone! He rushed outside. Someone shouted,“Gas! gas in Park Deep! Oh pity the night shift!”The gas explosion killed 179 men in Park Deep. The mine was destroyed forever. Thebodies remain to this day in their deep grave. And Bill Trew has never stopped wondering. The blue light: why did it make him the only man unfit for work that night?31.Which statement is FALSE according to Paragraph 1?[A]Park Deep was 6,000 feet down underground.[B]180 people were in Park Deep every day and night.[C]All miners had to work every night.[D]Bill Trew preferred to work on night shift.32.Which statement is TRUE about Bill Trew?[A]Bill had an unusual dream one night.[B]Bill saw a throbbing blue light in his dream.[C]Bill was sick and had to send for a doctor.[D]Bill planned to go to work with closed eyes.33.The blueness ____.[A]was gone when he closed his eyes[B]became alive at 11 o'clock[C]grew brighter as the day grew darker[D]enabled Bill to see clearly in the evening34.The purpose of the last paragraph is to stress ___.[A]how the explosion killed 179 miners[B]what happened in the deep grave[C]why Bill didn't go to work that night[D]how the strange blue light saved Bill's life35.A good title for this passage would be ___.[A]A Warning [B]Bill's Night Shift[C]An Explosion [D]Park DeepPassage 2Generally speaking, the British Isles have a temperate(温和) climate, not an extreme one. The prevailing(盛行) winds over Britain are southwesterly ones. The weather from day to day is variable, because it is controlled by depressions(低气压)from the Atlantic Ocean which, moving in a northeasterly or easterly direction, pass over or near the British Isles. Occasionally during winter months, between early December and the middle of March, northern winds may sometimes prevail, bringing cold weather and snowfalls which may last for several days or even 2 or 3 weeks, but seldom more than that. The English spring is very changeable, with warm and cold days in between until June. After the first week of May, you can take off your overcoats once and for all until the middle of October. But you certainly have to keep your raincoats and umbrellas close at hand, in any case.There is always plenty of rain in Britain the whole year round. As a rule, the month with the least rainfall is July. At best, out of the 31 days of July, you might get 21 days of dry weather and sunshine. In July of 1973, London did not se a single drop of rain, but that was a rare exception. At that time, foreign tourists kept on asking the British where they had “imported”their sunshine form. Throughout the British Isles there is an annual rainfall of about 110 centimeters. England alone gets 89 centimeters annually of that British total. One an average, May to July are the driest months in England, and November to early March the wettest .A period of as long as 3 weeks without rain is exceptional and normally confined to limited areas like the coasts of southwest England, Wales and the west coast of Scotland. June and July are the months of longest sunlight: from about 4:30 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.36.Which of the following is Not REUE of the climate in Britain?[A]Prevailing southwesterly winds.[B]Variable weather from day to day.[C]Snowfalls lasting for 2-3 weeks very winter.[D]Warm and cold days in between in spring.37.The depressions from the Atlantic Ocean moved ___.[A]from the northeast to the west[B]from the southwest to the east[C]from the northwest to the southeast[D]from the east to the southwest38.The period that is both coldest and wettest in Britain is ____.[A]between December and the middle of March[B]between early November and April[C]between November and early March[D]between early December and early March39.A person who hates both rain and hot weather should choose to visit Britain in ____.[A]May [B]June [C]July [D]August40.This passage is mainly about ____ in Britain.[A]winds [B]climate [C]sunshine [D]rainfallⅢ.用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音(本大题共20小题,每两小题1分,共20分)(注意:使用新式或老式音标均可)41.argument 42.gangster 43.collapse 44.major45.fairly 46.feature 47.relieve 48.explosion49.available 50.impressin 51.courteous 52.essential53.heavy 54.enthusiasm 55.annoy 56.mechanic57.awkward 58.contribute 59.thorough 60.bequeathⅣ.完形填空(本大题共20小题,每两小题1分,共10分)A.从下列单词中选择适当的词填空,每个词只能用一次。

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