英语1(基础模块)unit 3 知识点及练习

英语1（基础模块）知识点及练习Unit Three How much is it ?一、词汇store=shop, downtown cell phone = mobile phone takekilo kilos a kilo of two kilos of kilometer kilograma pair of shoes a pair of pants a pair of glasses二、短语How much how many on sale different , be different fromtwo yuan a kilo three yuan for each go shopping shopping list sell out(sold out)food of different flavors, at a good price at very attractive prices buy sth for sbon that day used to do sth heavy traffic take / have +时间 + off line up三、句型Can I help you? What can I do for you? Is there any discount? = what’s the discountWhat’s the original price? I will take it . Here you are !How much is the apple ?= what’s the price of the apple.1、语法There be1）There be 句型与have, has的区别1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物（或人）2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。

3、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

4、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑问句。

5、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑问句。

2）There be句型与have，has有时也可以通用。

如：The classroom has ten desks. = There are ten desks in the classroom.教室里有十张桌子。

注意：1．“have ＋表示一日三餐的名词”，意为“用餐”。

如：have breakfast吃早餐，have lunch吃午饭，have supper吃晚饭。

2．“have ＋表示食品、饮料等名词”，意为“吃；喝”。

如：have (some) bread吃面包，have eggs (for breakfast) (早餐)吃鸡蛋，have (a cup of) tea 喝(一杯)茶。

3．“have ＋表示动作的名词”，没有固定的意思，常与表示动作的名词同义。

如： have a rest 休息一下 have a swim 游泳 have a drink (of．．．)喝一点(……) have a look (at ．．．) (朝……)看一眼 4．“have ＋表示某种活动的名词”，意为“进行，举行”。

如： have a class (学生) 上课　have a birthday party 举行生日聚会3）there be 句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。

1：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。

注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。

例如：There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree.=There is no bike behind the tree.2：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。

但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。

There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?3：特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。

注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。

如：There are many things over there. →What's over there?There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。

如：There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?对数量提问：般有两种句型结构：How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？考点二：there be 句型的时态。

be可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等。

如：---There ______ a concert this evening.---Yeah. Exciting news!A. are going to beB. is going to beC. is going to haveD. will have考点三：there be 句型反意疑问句的构成：be (not) there? 如：There is some milk in the bottle, ____ ?A．isn't there B．aren't there C．isn't it D．are there考点四：there be 句型的主谓一致：There be 结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致,遵循就近原则。

如：1.There ___ any rice in the bowl. A. are B. is C. isn’t D. aren’t2.There ___ many apples on the tree last year. A. have been B. wereC. areD. is考点五：there be 句型用的其他动词：there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等。

如：There ____ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黄冈)A. seems to beB. seem to beC. is seeming to beD. are剖析：根据就近原则，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be等，所以答案应从A、C中选。

感官动词一般不用进行时，故C也不正确。

注意事项：there be 句型与have句型的区别(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。

区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。

如：He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。

There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。

(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。

如：A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。

There be 句型与 have has 的练习题一、用恰当的be动词填空。

1、There __________ a lot of sweets（糖果） in the box.2、There __________some milk in the glass.3、There __________ some people under the big tree.4、There __________ a picture and a map on the wall.5、There　__________ a box of rubbers（橡皮擦） near the books.6、There __________ lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、There __________ a tin of chicken（鸡肉）in the fridge yesterday.8、There __________ four cups of coffee on the table.二、用“ have, has ”填空1. I_________ a nice puppet.2. He_________a good friend.3. They__________ some masks.4. We___________some flowers.5. She___________ a duck.6. My father____________ a new bike.7. Her mother___________a vase.8. Our teacher_________ an English book.9. Our teachers___________a basketball.10. Their parents___________some blankets11. Nancy_________many skirts. 12. David__________some jackets. 13. My friends__________a football. 14. What do you__________?15. What does Mike__________? 16. What do yourfriends___________?17. What does Helen___________? 18. His brother________a basketball.19. Her sister_________a nice doll. 20. Miss Li__________an English book.三、用“have,has”或 “there is , there are”填空1. I________a good father and a good mother.2. ____________a telephone on the desk.3. He_________a cell phone.4. _____________a basketball in the playground.5. She__________some dresses.6. They___________a nice garden.7. What do you___________?8. ______________a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike___________?10. ______________any books in the bookcase?11. My father_________a story-book.12. _______________a story-book on the table.13. _______________any flowers in the vase(花瓶)?14. How many students____________in the classroom?15. My parents___________some nice pictures.16. _____________some maps on the wall.17. ______________a map of the world on the wall.18. David__________a telescope. 望远镜19. David’s friends___________some tents.（帐篷）20. ______________many children on the hill.四、按要求进行句型转换1．There are some kites on the wall.（改为否定句）__________________________2．There is some rice in the bag.（改为一般疑问句）_________________________3．There are forty-eight pupils in Miss Guo's class.（对画线部分提问）__________4．Mr. Green has two sons. （对画线部分提问）_________________________5．His uncle has some new story-books.（改为一般疑问句）__________________6、There is a woman near the house.（变复数）_____________________________7、There are some buses near the hill.（变单数）____________________________8、There are some apples on the tree.（变一般问句）_________________________9、There are some oranges in the glass.（变否定句）_________________________10、Is there a baby in the room?（变复数）______________________________五、单项填空。