新外研版 英语 初三定语从句

课题预学定语从句课次

7

教学目标知识目标：学习定语从句的分类及连接词。

能力目标：要求学生能通过语境正确选择连接词。情感目标：提高学生的学习兴趣及应试自信心。

教学策略1.定义讲解

2.讲练结合

温故

状语从句

1. 条件状语与时间状语从句遵循原则

2. 条件状语从句的引导词有:

3. 时间状语从句的引导词有:

Exercises:

1.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。

Li Ming didn’t come to school _______ _______ ______ ______.

2. 虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。

_______ _______ ______ _______, she kept on learning English by herself.

3. 不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。

I am not angry with him, _______ _______ ______ jokes he ______ on me.

4. 我不会告诉你这件事的，除非你答应我不会告诉别人。

I won’t tell you about it you promise that you won’t tell others.

5. 你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？

Will you please call me ______ ______ ______ you get to Shanghai.

一、定语从句的概述

定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。在句子中起定语作用的句子成为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二、关系词的用法

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词是指放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句的某一种成分（主语、宾语、状语）。

引导定语从句的关系代词有that, who, whom, whose, which等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表所示：

关系词词形所修饰的先行词在从句中所作的成分

who 人主语、宾语、表语

关系代词whom 人宾语

which 物主语、宾语、表语that 人或物主语、宾语、表语whose 人或物定语

关系副词when 时间名词时间状语Where 地点名词定点状语why 原因名词原因状语

1关系代词的用法

（1）who, whom 的用法

二者都用于指人。Who在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语，whom在定语从句中做宾语。在现代英语里，who也可以代替whom在从句中做宾语。做宾语的关系代词who, whom可以省略（介词后做宾语的关系代词除外）。

e.g. He is the man who lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男孩。（做主语）

The boy who I know studies best in their class. 我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。（做宾语）

He didn’t become a person who his father wanted him to be.

他没有成为父亲所希望他成为的那样的人。（作表语）

★注意：

whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提到whom前面时不能用who代替。

Yesteaday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.

昨天我碰见了几个朋友，我和他们一起去了公园。（句中whom不能用who）

（2）which 的用法

Which 一般指物，在从句中做主语、宾语。做宾语的关系代词which可以省略（放在介词后面除外）。e.g. The train which has just left is for Shenzhen. 刚刚开走的火车是驶往深圳的。（作主语）

This is the book (which)you are lookingfor. 这正是你在找的书。（作宾语）

（3）that的用法

that 可以指人或物，指人时可与who,whom互换，指物时有时可与which互换。在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语。做介词宾语时，介词不可以调到that之前，若介词提前则用which 或whom。

E.g. She was not on the train that arrived just now. 她不在刚到的那趟车上。（作主语）

Jack is no longer the person (that/who/whom) I met five yeas ago.

杰克不再是五年前我见到的杰克了。（作宾语，指人）

Here’s the book (that/which)you are looking for. 这正是你在找的书。（作宾语，指物）

The person to whom you were talking is my physics teacher.

和你说话的那个人是我的物理老师。（作介词的宾语，用whom不用that）

★判断从句是否缺宾语的方法

①判断从句的谓语是及物还是不及物动词

②把先行词放到从句的谓语后看是否成立

③若成立，则缺宾语，选用关系代词

例题分析

1. What do you think of the book I bought yesterday?

2. I still remember the place we lived ten years ago.

★思考：若从句不缺主语，宾语，该如何选择引导词？

定语从句专练

一、单项选择。

( ) 1. I like to live in a house is a big bright.

A. that

B. who

C. how

D. why

( ) 2. The town we visited a few years ago is much large than before.

A. it

B. who

C. which

( ) 3. Children like houses are painted in different colours.

A. which

B. they Cwhich D. what

( ) 4. Mr. Green, there is someone at the front desk would like to speak with you.

A. he

B. who

C. which

D. whom

( ) 5. Miss Green is the only person can help you with your English.

A. she

B. whom

C. which

D. who

( ) 6. The girl is reading under the tree is my sister.

A. who

B. whose

C. whose

D. whom

( )7. The blouse is made of silk is very expensive. I can’t afford it.

A. that

B. what

C. because

D. though

( ) 8. Most of the people lost their lives in the attack are Americans.

A. when

B.. who

C. how

D. which

( ) 9. The boy won the first prize is called Roy.

A. when

B. who

C. whom

D. which

( ) 10. ------What do you know about the world’s population ?

------ I know China and India are the countries more than one billion.

A. with a population of

B. with populations

C. that have population of

D. which has a population of

( ) 11. I hate people talk much but do little.

A. whom

B. which

C. who

D. when

( ) 12. The police caught the man stole my handbag.

A. he

B. who

C. whom

D. which

( ) 13. Mr. Black is smoking is looking for he lost yesterday.

A. whom; which

B. who; what

C. that; who

D. which;where