宾语从句和被动语态
主动语态变被动语态的几个特例
主动语态变被动语态的几个特例一、含有双宾语的句子变为被动语态时，多数将主动句中的间接宾语变为被动句的主语，直接宾语作保留宾语；也可将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语作保留宾语，但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。
如：He gave me a new watch.→1) I was given a new watch.2) A new watch was given to me.二、含有复合宾语且宾语补足语是名词的句子变为被动语态时，只能将主动句中的宾语变为被动句中的主语，宾补不可变为主语。
如：They call me Jim.→I am called Jim.(不可说：Jim is called me.)三、主语为疑问词的疑问句变为被动语态时，用“By+疑问词（宾格）”置于句首。
如：Who broke the glass?→By whom was the glass broken?四、祈使句变为被动语态时，要改为“Let +原宾语+be+过去分词”。
如：Close the window.→Let the window be closed.五、带宾语从句的复合句变为被动语态时，多用it作形式主语置于句首，原宾语从句成为真正主语（从句），从句中也需用被动语态。
如：People said that Lin Feng could take good care of the baby.→It was said that the baby could be taken good care of by Lin Feng.六、含有谓语动词know的主动句变为被动语态时，不用by短语，需by改为to。
如：We all know the scientist.→The scientist is known to us all.七、no one、nobody等否定代词作主语的句子变为被动语态时，谓语动词用否定式，不再用原主语，但可加上byanyone、byanybody等短语。
宾语从句和被动语态
（一）宾语从句宾语从句要注意以下几个方面：1．任何一个宾语从句都必须用陈述句语序：这一点是最重要的。
（陈述句语序是指谓语动词必须在主语的后面）2．任何一个宾语从句都必须有引导词，而且引导词的位置就在及物动词和宾语从句的中坚。
（只有当that引导宾语从句的时候，由于that本身无意义，故可以省略）3．宾语从句的时态通常和主句中的时态保持一致。
（即主句是现在时，宾语从句通常用现在时范畴的各种时态；而当主句是过去时，宾语从句则要用过去时范畴的各种时态）Model 1There are team sports and individual sports. (We know)We know that there are team sports and individual sports.(1)It is important to keep healthy. (People believe)(2)The basketball match is going to take place next Tuesday. (They have told me)(3)It is hard to run a marathon. (They understand)(4)We should relax for some time. (He says)(5)Most students took an active part in the English Evening. (The monitor knows)Model 2A: I enjoy individual sports.B: What did he say? I couldn’t hear him.C: He said he enjoyed individual sports.(1)A: I prefer to be a spectator.B: What did he say?C: He said _______________.(2)A: I like fruit.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(3)A: I know how to use a computer.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(4)A: I do ten maths problems every day.B: What did he say?C: He said ______________.(5)A: I relax for some time during my work.B: What did he say?C: He said _____________.Model 3It won’t rain. (He said)He said (that) it wouldn’t rain.(1)It won’t matter much. (He said)(2)The astronaut will fly into space soon. (She told me)(3)Smoking will be harmful to your health. (The doctor said)(4)The computer will cost you a lot of money. (Jane said)(5)She won’t shake hands with you. (The girl said)Model 4Has he arrived?No one knows whether (if) he has arrived.(1)Will he go on the trip with us?I don’t know ________________________________.(2)Are the twins taking a test?Do you know _______________________________?(3)Has he posted the letter?I’m now sure _______________________________.(4)Is Wendy in charge of recreation and sports?Can you tell me _____________________________?Model 5Did the newspaper report the news?He asked whether (if) the newspaper had reported the news.(5)Do the students often get part-time jobs?She asked ___________________________________.(6)Have you decided on the date for the test?The students asked _____________________________.(7)Did Mrs. Winter give you a C instead of a B?Bill asked ____________________________________.(8)Can Jim jump as high as Bob?He asked _____________________________________Model 6Why did he give them such a lecture? (He told them)He told them why he had given them such a lecture.(1)Where did Tom spend his last holiday? (She asked her friends)(2)When is she going to buy bicycles for them? (The children asked their mother)(3)How did Angela discover the uncorrected mistakes? (Martin asked)(4)Why didn’t Paul come to school for such a long time? (Peter told his classmates)(5)Did you have a lovely time at Christmas? (Jane asked Mary)Model 7 How did she get there?He asked how she had got there.Model 8 Who has written a letter to you?He asked who had written a letter to you.(1)How did he get these tickets?(2)Who has received a letter?(3)What did she tell you?(4)What did they do in London?(5)When did you buy the turkey?(6)Which was the best Christmas present?(7)What did Mum put around the Christmas tree?(8)Who has opened the presents?练习：plete the following sentences:1.Does he come from Australia?I don’t know ____________________________________________________2.Are the students doing their homework?No one knows ___________________________________________________ 3.Have you decided on the date for the sports meeting?We want to know ________________________________________________4.Can Mary retell the story in English?My friend asked me ______________________________________________ 5.Are the students going to visit the Nanpu Bridge sometime?He asked us ____________________________________________________6.Do you often go to see your cousins?They asked me __________________________________________________ 7.Who is she speaking to on the phone?He wanted to know ______________________________________________8.Why didn’t he tell the truth?Do you know ___________________________________________________9.Where did she find the dictionary?No one knew ___________________________________________________ 10.There is something wrong with his lung.He said ________________________________________________________II.把直接引语改成间接引语：（①引导单词②人称③时态）1.“Will all of you take part in the party?”She asked ______ all of ________ take part in the party.2.“What have you done with your money?” he asked the girl.He asked the girl _______ ________ ________ done with ________ money.3.“Is your party going to begin at 7o’clock?” he asked us.He asked us ________ ________ party ________ going to begin at 7 o’clock.4.“Which subject do you like best?” Mr. Hill asked his son.Mr. Hill asked his son ________ subject ________ ________ best.III.将下列句子改为间接引语：（①引导单词②人称③时态）1.“They stayed there for a week,” she said to me.She ________ me ________ they ________ ________ there for a week.2.“I saw a note on my desk,” he said.He said _______ _______ ________ _______ a note on _______ desk.3.“I have learned English for two years,” he said.He said _______ _______ ________ learned English for two years.4.He asked me, “What do you want?”He asked me ________ ________ ________.5.I asked her, “What on earth do you know?”I asked her ________ on earth ________ ________.6.He wondered, “Who has taken my English book?”He wondered _________ _________ take ________ English book.7.“Why didn’t you tell me earlier?” she asked him.She asked him ________ ________ ________ _______ ________ earlier.8.“Have you any questions?” said the teacher.The teacher said ________ ________ ________ any questions.9.“I went to visit my teacher two days ago,” she said.She said _______ _______ _______ to visit ________ teacher.10.She said to me, “You had better take my advice.”She ______ me _______ had better take _______ advice.11.Mr. Smith said to his wife, “How did you like the film?”Mr. Smith _________ his wife _______ _______ _______ the film.12.The teacher said, “Sound doesn’t travel as fast as electricity.”The teacher said ________ sound _______ travel as fast as electricity.13.“Do you understand what I have said?” She said to me.She _______ me ________ ________ ________ what ________ _______ said.【考点扫描】I.Choose the best answer:1.He didn’t remember ______ his watch. (1995)A.where he had putB. where he has putC. where had he putD. where has he put2.I don’t know _________. (1996)A.why they didn’t go to the moviesB. when they didn’t go to the moviesC. why didn’t they go to the moviesD. when didn’t they go to the movies3.The old man wondered _________. (1997)A.whether the American pilot had seen UFOsB.whether had the American pilot seen UFOsC.how had the American pilot seen UFOsD.that the American pilot had seen UFOs4.He hasn’t decided __________. (1998)A.if he’ll go on a trip to WuxiB. when will he go on a trip to WuxiC. if he goes on a trip to WuxiD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi5.Miss Li wants to know _________ next week. (1999)A.when my uncle leavesB. when will my uncle leaveC. where my uncle wll stayD. when does he go on a trip to Wuxi6.He asked me _______ during the winter holidays. (2000)A. where I had goneB. where I had beenC. where had I goneD. where had been7.Will you please tell me _________? (2001)A. where Pudong Airport isB. how far Pudong Airport wasC. how can we go to Pudong AirportD. when was Pudong Airport built8.I’d like to know _________. (2002)A.when will he give back the tapeB.whether has he received higher educationC.that he has been busyD.whether she will join in our English Evening9.Professor Nelson wanted to know _______. (2005)A. when would the conference beginB. when the conference would beginC. when will the conference beginD. when the conference will beginII.Rewrite the following sentences as required:1.The boy asked his mother, “Does water freeze at 0℃” (保持句意) (2003)The boy asked his mother _________ water _________ at 0℃.2.Jack’s mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?” (保持句意) (2004)Jack’s mother asked him ________ he _________ packed his things.III.Choose the best answer:1.I wanted to know whether ______ find out the cause of yesterday’s accident.A. they canB. can theyC. they couldD. could they2.You see, these coats are very nice. I really don’t know ________.A. which to buyB. how to buyC. what to buyD. when to buy3.Can you tell me _______ the Shanghai Library?A. the way toB. how can I get toC. how to arrive inD. when to buy4.Could you tell me when ______ leave for London?A. will youB. would youC. you willD. you would5.I haven’t decided ________ I will go to Mary’s birthday party or not.A. whetherB. weatherC. whenD. that6.Do you know when ________?A. the sports meeting will beginB. will the sports meeting beginC. the sports meeting beginsD. will begin the sports meeting7.I hope _________ late again.A. for you not to beB. you not to beC. your not beingD. you won’t be8.He knows Beijing very well. He said he ________.9.I really don’t know ________ between the two books.10.Could you tell me _________?A. what is the boy’s nameB. what name the boy isC. what the boy’s name isD. what is the name of the boy11.He didn’t know ___________.A. what is wrong with himB. what was wrong with himC. what wrong is with himD. what wrong was with him12.I don’t know if the headmaster ________ today. Please call me when he _______.A. comes; comesB. will come; will comeC. will come; comesD. comes; will come13.I’ve never seen so many beautiful pictures. I don’t know _______.A. which could takeB. which one to takeC. what to takeD. to take what14.Michael asked the clerk at the post office ________.A. how much did it costB. how much it costC. how much does it costD. how much it costed15.Mary asked Tom ________ lesson notes.A. if he could lend herB. if she could lend himC. whether she could lend himD. whether she could borrow him16.Dad asked Kathy where _________ that Hula Hoop.A. you gotB. had she gotC. did you getD. she had got17.The boy wants to know _______ go to town.A. what Uncle John used toB. how Uncle John used toC. what did Uncle JohnD. how did Uncle John use to18.Do you know whom ________.A. the first watch was inventedB. was the first watch inventedC. the first watch was invented byD. the first watch was invented of19.I asked Jackson _________.A.whether his parents have bought a pair of shoes for himB.whether his parents had bought a pair of shoes for himC.that his parents bought him a pair of shoesD.that his parents had bought him a pair of shoes20.Could you tell me __________.A.where I should visitB. what I should visitB.where should I visit D. what should I visit21.Mrs. White was not sure __________.A.that she would take his adviceB. if she would take those advicesC. that would she take his adviceD. if she would take his advice22.My father said he _______ us as soon as he got to America.A. phonedB. would phoneC. had phonedD. was phoning23.I’m sure that Lily ________ how to use the computer already.A. has learnedB. will learnC. learnsD. had learned24.I can’t tell whose dictionary _______.A. this isB. this doesC. is thisD. is it25.Timmy knows _______.A. where did the car makeB. where the car was madeC. where the car is madeD. where does the car make26.I believe ________ just now is true.A. what he saidB. that he saidC. what he saysD. that he says27.Susan asked Linda ________ the performances.A. how she likedB. how did she likeC. how you likedD. how did you like28.Mike asked me _________.A.what does the Great Wall look likeB.what did the Great Wall look likeC.what the Great Wall looks likeD.what the Great Wall looked like29.A: I have no idea if he ________. B: He will call you if he _______.A. agree with me, will agreeB. will agree with me, agreesC. agrees with me, doesn’t agreeD. will agree with me, won’t agrees30.Could you tell me ________?A.what are your parentsB. what your parents areC. who were your parentsD. who your parents wereIV.Rewrite the following sentences as required:1.I don’t know when to leave for Japan.I don’t know when _______ _______ _______ leave for Japan.2.Mrs. Yellow told Tim not to throw litter on the ground.Mrs. Yellow told Tim ________ he ________ throw litter on the ground.3.Peter wanted to know which event to enter for.Peter wanted to know which event ________ ________ enter for.4.The students asked when to have their holiday.The students asked when ________ ________ have their holiday.V.Fill in the blanks with what, when, how, why, where or which:(1)The astronauts didn’t know _______ to do _________ they saw a flyingsaucer.(2)Will you please tell me ________ to get to the nearest bus stop?(3)He told me _______ to find the manager.(4)I can’t decide _________ to choose.(5)He wants to learn _________ to serve the customers better.(6)Have they decided ________ to leave for Beijing?(7)Do you know _________ the Children’s Restaurant is always crowded withpeople?(二) 被动语态【基本知识】英语有两种语态：被动语态(passive voice)和主动语态(active voice)。
初中英语被动语态和定语从句的用法详解
初中英语被动语态的用法详解一、被动语态的结构主动语态(The Active V oice表示主语是动作的执行者。
被动语态(The Passive V oice表示主语是动作的承受者。
构成:承受者+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+by+执行者一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词.一般过去时:was/were+过去分词一般将来时:shall /will be +过去分词现在完成时:have /has been +过去分词现在进行时:am/is/are+being+过去分词.过去将来时:should /would be +过去分词.含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词+be+过去分词.二、被动语态的用法1当我们不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时,需用被动语态。
2当我们需要强调动作的承受者时,常用被动语态。
3如果需要说出动作的执行者, 用by引导出动作的执行者。
主动语态变为被动语态时,其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致,其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
三、主动语态变为被动语态的情况1主语+谓语动词+宾语将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
(主动We bought a book yesterday. (被动The book was bought yesterday.2主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。
如果直接宾语变为主语时,间接宾语前要加介词to / for。
(主动He showed me a book yesterday. (被动I was showed a book yesterday. (被动The book was showed to me yesterday.3主语+谓语动词+复合宾语含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语,变为被动语态时,将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,宾语补足语保留不变,成为主语补足语。
语法被动语态虚拟语气宾语从句等
语法被动语态虚拟语气宾语从句等语法中的被动语态、虚拟语气和宾语从句是英语学习中非常重要的知识点。
它们在句子中扮演着不同的角色，帮助我们表达出各种不同的语意。
在接下来的文章中，我们将详细探讨这些语法规则以及它们的正确使用方法。
被动语态(Passive Voice)被动语态是一种常用的句式，在英语中常用来强调动作的承受者而非执行者。
一般而言，被动语态的构成是由“be”动词的不同时态加上过去分词构成的。
例如：1. The book was written by John.（这本书是由约翰写的。
）2. The car will be repaired tomorrow.（这辆车明天将被修理。
）3. The cake has been eaten.（蛋糕已经被吃掉了。
）虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)虚拟语气是一种用来表达假设、建议、愿望、命令等意思的语气。
在虚拟语气中，动词的形式通常不是直接以其字面意义使用。
下面是几个常见的虚拟语气用法：1. 假设：If I were you, I would study harder.（如果我是你，我会更加努力学习。
）2. 建议：I suggest that he go to bed early.（我建议他早点上床睡觉。
）3. 愿望：I wish I could speak Spanish fluently.（我希望我能流利地说西班牙语。
）4. 命令：It's essential that you be on time for the meeting.（你准时参加会议是很重要的。
）宾语从句(Object Clauses)宾语从句是一个在主句中作为宾语的完整句子。
宾语从句通常以连接词引导，常见的连接词包括“that”、“whether”、“if”、“why”、“when”等。
以下是一些宾语从句的例子：1. She doesn't know if/whether he will come or not.（她不知道他是否会来。
初中英语 宾语从句
5. 宾语从句的简化 ①当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时， 从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或 V-ing形式。如：
She found that the wallet was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lying on the ground. ②. 当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan， agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定 式结构。如：
now. ②.当宾语和宾语补足语是被动的关系时，宾 语补足语用过去分词形式。 如.：You'd better have the desk cleaned．你最好请人把课桌擦一下。
3.由名词充当。 某些动词call, name, make, think, find, consider, 后接名词或代词作其语，再接名词 作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的身份。 如： I called this cat Mimi. 我把这只猫叫做咪咪。 4.由形容词充当。 某些动词如make，keep，find， like，等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语 补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。 You must keep the classroom clean．你应保持 教室清洁。
meeting the next week.
③. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词 在宾语从句中充当某个成分，不可以省略。 如： Do you know who（whom）they are waiting for now? He asked whose handwriting was the best in their class. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I didn't know why the train was late again.
被动语态、感叹句、宾语从句
宾语从句
引导词
will/shall/be going to be done 过去进行时：was/were doing → was/were being done 过去完成时：had done → had been done 过去将来时：would/should/be going to do →
would/should/be going to be done
主动语态变为被动语态
主动语态：动作执行者+谓语动词的主动形式+动作承受者 被动语态：动作承受者+谓语动词的被动形式+动作执行者 如：We asked him to sing an English song. → He was asked to sing an English song by us. 带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态 She gave me a book. → I was given a book by her. A book was given to me by her.
根据汉语提示完成句子
1）This kind of pants well. 这种裤子卖得好。 2）That story interesting. 那个故事听起来有趣。 3）That novel is worth . 那本小说值得读一读。 4）My watch needs . 我的手表需要修理。 5）This shop is at 8:00 in the morning. 这家商店早上8点开业。 答案：sells sounds reading repairing open
宾语从句和被动语态作业
一．把下列句子改为宾语宾语从句和被动语态专项练习1. He said,“I have been to America”.2.Is there a hotel near here? Do you know?He said _____ _____ _____ _____ to America.3. What sport do you like best? Could you please tell me?Do you know__________ ____ a hotel near here?4.“Could you please tell me _____ _______ ____ _____ ____?The earth moves around the sun”, our English teacher told us.5.Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China? Could you tell us?Our English teacher told us that the earth ______ _______ the sun.6.When does the train leave? I want to know.Could you tell us __________ Mr. Brown_______ living in China?二．选择题I want to know _________ the train _________.1.2.—Do you know ____ Jane visits her grandparents?A. how soonB. how often—Once a week.3.—A. where is AnnI want to know ____.—Sorry. I’C. how longve no idea. But she was here just now.D. how far—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you.B. where Ann isC. where was Ann—Thanks. I wonder ____.D. where Ann was4.A. who the letter was fromC. who was the letter fromB. who was from the letter5. Could you tell me _____ the cool T-shirt?—A. where he is fromDo you know _____?B. what does his father do—He is a dentist.D. who from the letter wasC. what his father isA. where you buyB. where do you buy6. Please tell me _____ to improve myC. where did you buy D. where you bought7. Do you know _____Zunyi or not tomorrow?A. how I can doB. what can I doEnglish.C. what I can doD. how can I doA. whether are they leaving forB. whether they are leaving for8.—C. if they are leaving for D. if are they leaving for—A. how is Chinese paper cut madeYes, I am still wondering ____.Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China?B. how was the Great Wall built in ancient timesC. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon dance9. -I wonder ______ she will be able to come back from Hong Kong.D.why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival10. What were you doing ______ Zhang Fan came in?A. when-Maybe tomorrow morning.B. whereC. howD. WhetherA. whenB. whileC. where11. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper______ Who Moved MyCheese was an interesting book.12. I don't know ____ Mr. Green will come to see us.A. thatB. howC. whatD. if13.I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.—He will help us with our English.A. whyB. whenC. howD. where14.A. that howB. how thatC. when that—Do you know ___ ? I'm going to see him.—Sorry, I don't know.D. that when15.A. where does Mr. Li liveC. where Mr. Li livesB. where did Mr. Li liveA.—／Where do you think ___D. where Mr. Li lived; boughtB. has; boughthe ___ the computer?C. did; buy—Sorry, I have no idea.1. HanHan三．被动专练2.A. is read’sbooks are popular. They _______ by many teenagers.D. does; buyB. was read——Didn’t you see the sign“No Parking!C. are read”D. were readon the right?3.The child without parents ____A. wasn't allowedSorry, I didn’t. But now I know parkingB. isn't allowedC. won't allow_______ here.D. doesn't allow4.special school.A. is takenB. are takengood care ofC. takebyhis teachers in thisD. takes——5.This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.Have you finished your project?A. giveNot yet. IB. am given’ll finish it if I _______ ten more minutes.C. will giveD. will be given6. The mobile phone has influenced peopleA. is made with; is feltC. are made of; feelsD. is made by; feelsB. are made from; is felt7. _____ is waiting for you at the gate. He wants to say thanks to you.A. inventsB. InventedC. is invented’D. was inventeds life a lot since it ____.8.A. SomebodyB. AnybodyC. EverybodyD. Nobodyshould join the project or not.At the end of the meeting Miss Green ___two minutes to decide whether she9. The mixtureA. gaveB. GiveC. was givenD. was giving10.A. was made to（混合物）B. was madesmelt terrible but Tom ____C. made toD. madetaste it.11.The book Business @ the Speed of Thought _____ in 1999.—A. am not invitedB. wasnDid you go to Jack’s birthda y party?’t invited—C. havenNo, I____.’t invited D. didn’t invite12. ___a new library ____ in your school last year?A. writesB. is writtenC. wroteD. was written13. The earth is our home. It ______well.A. Is; builtB. Was; builtC. Does; builtD. Did; builtA. must be protected B. should protectC. need protect D. should protected.。
掌握英语中的被动语态和宾语从句的使用
掌握英语中的被动语态和宾语从句的使用英语是世界上最广泛使用的语言之一，掌握好英语语法对于提高英语水平至关重要。
在英语语法中，被动语态和宾语从句是两个常见的语法结构，它们在日常交流和写作中都起到了重要的作用。
本文将探讨如何正确运用被动语态和宾语从句，以帮助读者更好地掌握这两个语法结构。
首先，我们来讨论被动语态。
被动语态是指句子的主语是动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，动词的形式会发生改变，通常是在动词前加上“be”动词的适当形式，再加上过去分词。
被动语态的使用可以使句子更加客观，强调动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
例如，主动语态句子“Tom eats an apple.”可以改写为被动语态句子“An apple is eaten by Tom.”通过被动语态的使用，我们可以突出强调苹果是被汤姆吃掉的。
被动语态在写作中常常用于强调动作的承受者，或者当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
此外，被动语态还可以用于科学实验报告、新闻报道等场合，以使句子更加客观和正式。
然而，被动语态并不适用于所有情况下。
在一些需要强调动作执行者的情况下，我们应该使用主动语态来表达。
因此，正确运用被动语态需要根据具体语境来决定。
接下来，我们来讨论宾语从句。
宾语从句是一个句子，作为主句中的宾语。
宾语从句通常由连接词引导，如“that”、“whether”、“if”等。
宾语从句的使用可以使句子更加复杂，增加表达的深度和准确性。
例如，主句“Tom said he is busy.”可以改写为宾语从句“Tom said that he is busy.”通过宾语从句的使用，我们可以更准确地传达汤姆说他很忙的信息。
宾语从句在交流和写作中经常用于引述他人的话语、表示个人观点和提问等情况下。
宾语从句可以使句子更加具体和准确，使读者更好地理解作者的意图。
然而，宾语从句的使用也需要注意一些细节。
例如，连接词的选择要根据具体语境来决定，句子的语序和时态要与主句保持一致等。
宾语从句--解析十年高考中的宾语从句
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.
e7d195523061f1c011414db08df74492ac20befa3fb15586EED641F7DA837B3633596E05B8AE62E50B5E5456BD3C648DCE2D234CC482E88EB223CB95B207F69907A09C8021443F850886F0462B4
D95DA40FEEC67EEE4C0008F0A643130BF266E4312290E282E16EEADFA6C3AD458AEB27BCA95FABCD4888E99644CA7D552501BE770A8381F56E4D2
01 考情分析
02 知识回顾
CONTENTS
10-19年全国卷对宾的考查情况
宾从三要素
一 引导词
连接词：that
whether;if
被动语态结构中
连接代词：wha实t, 义w动ho词, 前w后hom, whose , which
whatever, whoever,whomever,whichever
连接副词：where, when, why, h系ow表结构中 wherever, whenever, however
B. My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live. Though not very big,
but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers Though not very big, but the restaurant is populEE4C0008F0A643130BF266E4312290E282E16EEADFA6C3AD458AEB27BCA95FABCD4888E99644CA7D552501BE770A8381F56E4D2
宾语从句、定语从句、被动语态、过去完成时
宾语从句 定语从句 被动语态 过去完成时
复习目标:1.复习掌握宾语从句. 2.复习掌握定语从句. 3.复习理解表语从句和主语从句. 4.复习掌握被动语态. 5.复习掌握过去完成时.
宾语从句
Exercise:把两个简单句整合成一个复合句. 1.I know.The Water Festival is fun. I know that the water festival is fun. 作为宾语从句的简单句是陈述句时,关联词 用that,that可省略. 2.I wonder.Will they have zongzi next year? I wonder if/whether they will have zongzi
4.Did you know what time he would come back? 主句一般过去时
5.He says he has finished reading.
主句一般现在时 主句一般过去时
6.He said he had finished reading. 7.He said the sun is bigger than the
主语从句
4.What I need is time.
引导词
句子作主语当 三单处理
定语从句
在复合句中,定语位置是一个句子,这个句子就是定语从句.被定语从句修饰
1.The fact is that he got up late.
系动词
2.The question is whether he wants to go.
表语从句和主语从句的
3.That’s why he was angry.
表语从句
句子大全之英语句子主动变被动语态多种情况例析
英语句子主动变被动语态的多种状况例析中国人思想的着眼点在动作的施动者,英佳人思想的着眼点在动作的蒙受者。
中国人常这样说:i expect you to be there on time. 我希望你准时到那边。
英佳人常这样说:you are expected to be thereon time. 希望你准时到那边。
这就是英语中被动语态的使用比汉语中多的原由。
因为英语句子的主动语态构造不一样,因此变为被动语态的方式也各不同样,总结起来主要有几方面。
一、主语+谓语+宾语“主语+谓语+宾语〞构造中只有一个宾语,变为被动语态时,将宾语变为主语。
如:they will discuss the plan at the meeting. 他们将在会议上议论这个问题。
——the plan will be discussed at the meeting. 这个问题将在会议上议论。
二、主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语在这个句型中,谓语动词后有两个宾语。
变为被动语态时,一般将往常指人的间接宾语转变为主语,但有时也可将指物的间接宾语转变成主语。
如:we gave the student some books. 我们给了这个学生几本书。
——the student was given some books. 这个学生被给了几本书。
注意:用直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,往常要在间接宾语前加上合适的介词(如to,for,of 等),以增强间接宾语的语气。
the host had caught us some fish. 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。
——some fish had been caught for us by the host. 主人给我们捉了一些鱼。
(for 不行省)三、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语在这个句型中,谓语动词后有一个宾语和一个宾语补足语,变为被动语态时,宾语转变为主语,宾语补足语也随之变为主语补足语。
如:all the villagers painted the houses white. 全部村民都把房屋涂成了白色。
中考仁爱英语语法复习：被动语态+宾语从句+定语从句+过去进行时+现在完成时
知识应用
1. —May I use your bike? —Sorry, it___B___ by my brother yesterday.
was/were + done
A. is broken B. was broken C. broke D. will break 2. Don’t worry. Your son _____B___ good care of here. be + done
A. will take B. has taken B. is taken D. is taking
2020中考英语语法复习
宾语从句
学习目标
类型
宾语 从句
语序
时态
情境导入
I know. She is a teacher. （合并为一句话） I know that she is a teacher. 跟在动词、介词、形容词后，在句子中起宾语作用的从句
知识讲解
不能使用被动 语态的情况
The flower smells sweet. Your bedroom needs cleaning right now. The story happened on a cold morning.
1. 连系动词以主动形式表被动含义。 2. 有些词组的主动形式表被动含义。 3. 表示“发生”的happen或take place无被动语态。
感官动词变被动语态时，需要把不定式符号to还原。
知识讲解
3. 含有使役动词
The teacher makes the students do homework. The students are made to do homework by the teacher.
宾语从句语法点知识梳理
宾语从句语法点知识梳理我们先看下动词的结构：这部分的内容比较难讲：1、宾语从句从句主语和从句宾语从句副词做主语和从句宾语形式变化。
2、动词：主语从句谓语动词没有主语。
我们就可以将它分为：谓语动词、被动语态。
3、从句：从句形式与宾语或谓语的宾语有本质不同。
从句是在主语动词前加一个从类或宾语或谓语动词充当的副词结构。
1、从句中有两个谓语动词：1)做谓语动词：比如: do （做主语）、 who （作从句）、 how （主语）等；2)修饰谓语动词：如: he… where… doing (从句中只有一个的从类）等；3)修饰形容词：如: he… how （副词）等；4)引导宾语动词等：如: he （引导宾语）、 how (引导从句);5)修饰形容词等：如: ve… sweet (从句中只有一个从类或主语是主’的从句）等；6)引导从句结构：引导句用从句形式；引导副词一般用从句的修饰句形式或副词形式；引导宾语需要用宾语动词；引导副词不能为修饰句形式。
2、主语和谓语动词是并列关系。
(1)主语和谓语动词在语态上的区别：一个是动词的从类结构，一个是谓语动词的主语结构；这两个结构之间存在着一个结构冲突关系。
(2)主语和谓语动词的并列关系：主语从句中宾语动词与谓语动词并列时，谓语动词是主语，谓语动词是从句的谓语动词；主语从句中动词是谓语动词也就相当于主语在谓语动词前加上了一个从句。
所以谓语动词是副词也就构成了主语与谓语动词并列。
(3)从句中形容词的副词与主语谓语动词关系：从句中形容词可构成副词（或称动词形式的副词）也可为主语；从句中动词可为主语和谓语动词；从句中一般谓语动词一般不会构成从句副词。
所以在形容词+谓语动词+主语副语结构中，宾语动词可做主语也可做谓语；当从句中形容词+谓语动词+主语副语用不定冠词形式时也可作为主语和谓语动词。
所以从句中可做主语也能做谓语动词就是主语不做谓语从句就是谓语从句又有主语的从句就是谓语从句又有谓语作用的从句就是谓语从句又有谓语动词就是副词3、从句中只有一个从类的成分：当当主语的宾语从句和从类的副词充当宾语的时候，一般情况下从类是被动语态，而当主语的宾语从句被省略之后、以及从类的从类本身是被动语态时，从类一般情况下又会变为主动语态：我们来看下以上两点：从类的变化：从句中主语的变化: which为动词的副词，并作主语; you为动词的从句，并作主语; my为名词的从句，并作主语。
宾语从句(1)
初中英语语法
语法
词法 句法
时态 情态动词 主谓一致 被动语态
非谓语
宾语从句
状语从句 定语从句
特殊句型
宾语从句
宾语从句定义
三要素
否定前移
变简单句
引导词
语序
时态
宾语从句三要素
1.引导词
引导词
We really know what she did.
是否有意义
是否可省
是否做成分
that If/wether
2019.长春
3.一Do you know______just now? 一Something about the art festival.
A. What our headmaster says B. What does our headmaster say C. What our headmaster said D. What did our headmaster say
B. how Tom did it D. why Tom is doing it
2017.武汉
2. 一I′d like to know_____for the party. 一I have no idea.
A. Why did she buy so little food B. What she has prepared C. Whether will she dance D.When is she leaving
2018.广东一摸
5.一your bag is Prada which is the famous brand. Could you tell me______? 一Yes.Though it′s a little expensive.It really has good quality.
宾语从句,被动语态,定语从句
宾语从句一宾语从句可分为三类。
1. 由that引导的宾语从句。
that没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。
例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。
if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。
例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.4 whether/ if 之异同：(1) 强调两方面的选择，特别是句中有or not时。
(2) 在介词之后如：I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home.(3) 在不定式前如：Whether to go or stay is still a question.二宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。
例如：I think (that) you will like this school soon.三宾语从句的时态1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。
如：Can you tell me how you got to school yesterday?Do you think he will come tomorrow?2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。
例如：He told me that he was having lunch.He asked if I knew him.3. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。
六年级语法要点总结被动语态与宾语从句
六年级语法要点总结被动语态与宾语从句六年级语法要点总结：被动语态与宾语从句一、被动语态被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构，它用于表达动作的接受者而非执行者。
被动语态以“be+过去分词”形式构成，根据时态的不同而变化。
1. 被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构由“be”动词的不同形式加上及物动词的过去分词构成。
例如：（1）一般现在时的被动语态主语+am/is/are+过去分词（2）一般过去时的被动语态主语+was/were+过去分词（3）一般将来时的被动语态主语+will be+过去分词2. 被动语态的用法被动语态在表达中常常用于以下情况：（1）强调动作的接受者：被动语态将动词的执行者放到句子的末尾，强调的是动作的接受者。
例如：The letter was written by Alice.（这封信是爱丽丝写的。
）（2）发出方不明：有时候我们不清楚动作的执行者，这时候可以使用被动语态来表达。
例如：The book has been taken.（这本书已经被拿走了。
）（3）一般性陈述：在一般性陈述中，被动语态更常用于表达。
例如：English is spoken in many countries.（英语在许多国家都被使用。
）二、宾语从句宾语从句是一个句子的成分，它作为动词的宾语，并且具备句子的结构和作用。
1. 宾语从句的基本结构宾语从句通常由连接词引导，连接词有that, whether（或if），wh-词等。
（1）that引导的宾语从句在正式场合中，that引导的宾语从句是最常用的形式。
例如：She said that she was tired.（她说她累了。
）（2）whether（或if）引导的宾语从句当宾语从句表示选择或疑问的意思时，可以使用whether或if来引导宾语从句。
例如：I don't know whether/if he can come tomorrow.（我不知道他明天能否来。
被动语态
被动语态基础必备1、语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。
2、主动语态改为被动语态时，通常采用如下步骤：（1）将主动语态句子中的宾语提前，变为句子的主语（注意变化后代词主格、宾格的变化）（2）将谓语动词变为“be+过去分词”的形式（注意be有人称、数和时态的变化）（3）根据句子意思的需要，在句末加上“by+主动语态句子的主语”。
主动：People grow cotton here. 被动：Cotton is grown here.这里种植棉花。
主动：They have caught a snake. 被动：A snake has been caught by them.一条蛇被他们捉住了。
口诀助记：宾语提前变主语，主语变为by短语。
谓语主动变被动，be加-ed来使用。
be的时态很重要，主谓一致要记牢。
第一部分被动语态的形式考点一被动语态的十种时态被动语态的时态通过助动词be的各种形式表现出来。
中学常见的被动语态的十种时态构成如下：考点二“get+过去分词”型、短语动词和含有情态动词的被动语态1、被动语态有时可用“get+过去分词”结构来表示，强调动作的结果。
如get changed, get married, get paid, get lost等。
例句：Five soldiers got wounded in the battle.五个战士在战斗中受伤。
Our house is getting painted. 我们的房子正在粉刷。
2、含有情态动词的被动语态，变为被动语态时，用“情态动词+be done”构成。
例句：The boy must be taken good care of.这个男孩必须要被好好照顾。
3、含有介词或副词的一些短语动词，在改成被动语态时，注意不要遗漏。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
被动语态和宾语从句
1. —These bananas look different and they are sweet.
—Right. They ____________ here from Taiwan yesterday.
A. was brought
B. were brought
C. bring
D. are brought
2. --Could yon tell me whom the radio_____ by?
--Sorry, I have no idea.
A. invents
B. invented
C. is invented
D. was invented
3. Many accidents_______ by careless drivers last year.
A. are caused
B. were caused
C. have caused
D. will cause
4. An official _____ by some reporters on food problems in shanghai yesterday.
A. is interviewing
B. is interviewed
C. was interviewing
D. was interviewed
5. Today a lot of information can _____ online.
A. receive
B. be received
C. is received
D. receiving
6. I don’t know___tomorrow.Can you tell me?
A.when we started
B.when did we start
C.when we will start
D.when will we start
7.–I wonder __________.–Zebras.
A.what do they call these animals
B.how they call these animals
C.what they call these animals
D.how do they call these animals
8. —Do you know ____ tomorrow?
—At 8 o'clock.
A. when did she come
B. when she came
C. when will she come
D. when she will come
9. We’ll plant trees tomorrow, and I don’t know_____ Tom will come and join us.
A. if
B. Which
C. What
D. where
10. The teacher asked us ________.
A. when did i finish my work
B. why didn’t we tell him about it earlier
C. what we were interested in
D. where we are going to have our lunch。