高二进阶版(词汇语法部分)(四)

GRAMMARIf you bump into a Briton in the street, chances are (1) ______ he or she will apologize regardless of whether or not he or she was responsible.(2)_______ the BBC noted, “It seems that Britain is developing a reputation as a nation of sorry-sayers.”The average Briton says sorry around eight times per day—and one in eight people apologize up to 20 times a day, according to an article released by the BBC on Feb 24.You may have expected that the British apologize more frequently than members of (3)_______ cultures. Last year a poll done by YouGov, (4)_____ UK research firm, revealed that in many cases, Britons‟ love of saying sorry goes a little (5)_____(far) than it does for Americans. For example, approximately 15 British people would say “sorry” for every 10 people from the US if they sneezed, if they corrected someone‟s mistake or if someone crashed into them.Yes, traditionally “sorry” was used(6)______ express regret and grief for (7)________(do) something wrong. But now Britons use the expression as a way of showing good manners. For example, they (8)______ say it as a substitute for “excuse me”, “pardon”, “what” or “whatever”.Britons also “use sorry to express empathy—so they might say …s orry about the rain‟”, Edwin Battistella, a linguistics expert from Southern Oregon University in the US, told the BBC.Why are Britons so sorry? Mark Tyrell, a famous psychology writer in the UK, thinks that their apologies come from the British class system. They say sorry (9)_______ historically the new middle classes in Britain had to apologize for not being working class, but also for not really being upper class. Another theory is that British society values its members (10)_______(show) respect witho ut getting into someone else‟s personal space, and without drawing attention to oneself.British people‟s use of “sorry” may make things very confusing and difficult for foreigners who are unaccustomed to their ways. But true manners are about being considerate, and the modern-day British obsession with apologizing shows this.VocabularyDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Eachword can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. released B. scheduled C. subjects D. strokes E. charactersF. admiredG. abstractH. critics I . tremendously J. scenesK. undoubtedlyYou may have visited some exhibitions of _________ arts or read some biographies of g reat minds. However, you can‟t have seen a biopic (传记片) like Loving Vincent, _______ to come out later this year. As the film is to be the world‟s first painted animation feature, more than 100 painters have been invited to create the twelve _________ that are oil-painted.Last month, the film‟s first trailer (预告片) was ________ on the Internet. Directed by Polish painter and director Dorota Kobiela and produced by Hugh Welchman, the movie tells the story of the final months of famous Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh, whose paintings are _________ throughout the world. The story is told through more than 120 of his greatest paintings and the ________ from them.In fact, people can always easily understand how the artist was feeling at the time by looking at his paintings. For example, in his most popular painting The Starry Night, although the _________are nothing more than the sky and stars, van Gogh expressed his anger and pain with strong, long brush__________and the view from the east-facing window of his asylum (精神病院) room at Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France. No wonder many ________ believe that the legendary artist committed suicide after he created this painting.Just as the painter wrote in his last letter: “Well, the truth is, we cannot speak other than by our paintings.” This is what Loving Vincent does—it lets his works tell the story of how the strong emotion inside his heart ________ affected the painter.ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Why is it so hard for consumers to save money? According to a new studyin the Journal of Consumer Research, consumers are often __________and do not think about the long-term consequences of spending money.“We‟ve known that__________ the benefits of not spending and being patient contribute to savings, but our research finds that one or the other is not enough. For consumers to be motivated to _________ money, they need to both consider the future financial _______ and care enough about their financial future when spending money,” write authors Danial M. Bartels and Oleg Urminsky.In a series of studies, the authors examined _________consumers spend money when they think about the future. In one study, consumers were asked to choose between a more expensive product and a cheaper alternative in six different product ________.When consumers first ranked the categories by importance ( _______ them to consider other uses for their money) and read about their future selves (emphasizing that their identity was stable over time), they spent less on the categories they had ranked as least important.Making consumers think about and value the future didn‟t simply make people _________spending money. It caused them to spend more_________—to make better financial decisions by focusing their ________ only on what was really important to them.When consumers think about saving money, it may help to be _________of the future. Thinking and caring about the future could help you to buy only what is important to you and save more and __________ your future instead of overspending on immediate pleasures.“Efforts to get consumers to think more about their own future or to value future outcomes without_________ the tradeoffs (妥协) resulting from current decisions might not be enough. The best way to help consumers ________ overspending is to get them to both care about the future and recognize how their ________behavior affects the future,” the authors conclude.1. A. impatient B. economical C.anxious D. negative2. A. having access to B. taking part in C. making use of D. being aware of3. A. earn B. save C spend D. find4. A. significance B. consequence C. independence D. occurrence5. A. how B. what C. when D. why6. A. descriptions B. demonstrations C. categories D. manufactures7. A. commanding B. forcing C. encouraging D. assigning8. A. enjoy B. miss C. avoid D. stop9. A. wisely B. widely C. urgent ly D. casually10. A. savings B. earnings C. spending D. wasting11. A. informed B. accused C. assured D. reminded12. A. account for B. invest in C. care about D. depend on13. A. pointing out B. asking about C. complaining of D. learning from14. A. allow B. forbid C. avoid D. keep15. A. current B. decisive C. attractive D. unexpected。