中国国家形象宣传片(英文字幕)

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纪录片美丽中国__中英文解说词

美丽中国（Wild China）第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon永波：我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久 a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world那是中国水墨永恒的主题 a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里是山雨的国度It's a landscape of hills but also of water这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Y angtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长现在是交配的季节 It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time 此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of Y unY ang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In hilly Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family are tucking into a lunch of rice and ve getables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong xiu has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how wel l the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的 so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living room a pair of red-rumped swallow, newly arrive from their winter migration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China , animals are valued as much for their symbolic meaning as for any good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithful for life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marria ge and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu notes the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds' arrival predicts the timing of the season ahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg carton seperated b y dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst, a limestone terrain石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live here are among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Y unnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself 这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点 This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this landscape than meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes 而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community 数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations 洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave 入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds约200000多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony in China如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前but rock crevasses like these were their original home 这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方long before houses were invented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter他们却必定在日落前归巢they never stray further than the limits of daylight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物as their eyes can't see in dark然而洞穴深处However, deep inside the cavern是一群更适应地下other creatures are better equipped隐秘生活的居民for subterranean life一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来A colony of bats is just waking up他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位using ultrasonic squeaks to orientate themselves in the darkness夜晚是狩猎时间Night is the time to go huntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishes 通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现This extraordinary behavior was only discovered in the last couple of years现在首次被记录下来展示给世人and has never been filmed before志君：蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crystal clear mountain streams are home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature 这种奇异的动物This bizarre animal属于蝾螈的一种is a type of newt中国大鲵the Chinese Giant Salamander在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼In China, it is known as the baby fish这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音because when distressed, it makes a sound like a crying infant成年体长1~1.5米It grows up to a meter and a half long这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物making it the world's largest amphibian在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Under natural conditions, a Giant Salamander may live decades但是和很多其他中国动物一样But like so many Chinese animals它被视为美味佳肴it is considered delicious to eat尽管被列为国家级保护动物Despite being classed as protected species大鲵仍然被当作食物非法买卖giant salamanders are still illegally sold for food 现在娃娃鱼已经非常稀有and the baby fish is now rare在自然界濒临灭绝了and endangered in the wild幸运的是在像张家界这样的一些地方 Fortunately in a few areas like Zhangjiajie,大鲵在政府的严格保护下得以幸存Giant Salamanders still survive under strict official protection通过适当的措施Given the right help即便是最珍稀的生物也能获得救赎even the rarest creatures can return from the brink 只要我们展现意志If we show the will大自然会为我们找到出路nature will find the way.。

从跨文化传播看中国国家形象文化宣传片案例——以中日两国文化宣传片为例

SHENG PING SHIJIE
比较研究传媒新思维
式宣传片构成的主要故事情节，分别为《Beautiful Japan》《Delightful Japan》《Cool Japan》。《Beautiful Japan》不仅展示了日式佛文化、建筑文化、艺伎文化等日本人文风俗，还展现日本春夏秋冬美景，岛屿海岸线风貌等自然景观；而《Delightful Japan》则以西方游客参加孟兰盆节祭祀活动、乐器三弦琴的演奏等传统活动为主要情节；最后《Cool Japan》新干线的飞驰、东京街头拥挤的人群、现代化建筑等展现日本是一个生活节奏轻快、现代化程度高、宜居的发达国家。两国宣传片通过故事元素、拍摄方式等方面来比较，可以发现二者在宣传片的制作形式、元素运用差别比较大。
《文化中国—— —人物篇》和《YOKOSO！JAPAN》作为中日两国具有代表性的两部国家形象宣传片，在结构布局、选材、背景音乐等方面都有所不同。具体如下：
首先，《人物篇》：以人为本，和谐中国。通过对比发现，《文化中国—人物篇》通过展示各行各业中的精英，例如中国美人、中国学者以及中国航天员等 13 个人物。这是为了借助不同领域、不同行业下正由平凡变为精英的中国人来诠释一个正在不断发展的中国形象，但受到篇幅和时长限制，每一主题都仅借助细节在几秒钟内进行展示。以开篇“令人惊叹的中国美人”为例，第一个镜头中背景选取了中国古代工笔画填充，五位身着中式华服的女性或坐或站，充分展现了中式女性之
中国
文化名人窑包罗社会
普通百姓万象
明快大气总体紧凑明快
无中字英音
日本
普通国民
社会人文尧文化展示
明快大气日本式音乐

中国国家形象宣传片(无图片,已编辑)

中国国家形象宣传片国务院新闻办公室启动国家形象系列宣传片的拍摄工作，该片塑造和提升中国繁荣发展、民主进步、文明开放、和平和谐的国家形象而设立的重点项目，是在新时期探索对外传播新形式的一次有益尝试。

共分为两个部分，一部分是30秒长度的电视宣传片，另一部分是15分钟长度的短纪录片，国家形象系列宣传片自立项以来，得到了社会各界人士的踊跃参与和民众的广泛关注。

2011年1月12日，国家形象宣传片的人物篇已经制作完成，1月17日亮相纽约时报广场。

内容简介中国国家形象宣传片是由国务院新闻办公室发起，并委托该公司制作的一部国家形象宣传片。

此次的国家形象宣传片分为两个部分。

一部分是30秒长度的电视宣传片，即目前已经公映的人物篇，参与拍摄的人员都是国内外比较有影响力人，其中有：李嘉诚、王建宙、李彦宏、马云、丁磊、郎咸平、邓亚萍、姚明、刘翔、丁俊晖、陈鲁豫、林浩、马艳丽。

将会在国际主流媒体播出，以“中国人”概念打造中国形象。

另一部分是17分钟长度的短纪录片，并供我国驻外使领馆及重要外宣活动使用，力图从更多角度、更广阔的视野展示当代中国。

产生背景“中国到了需要来树立国家形象的阶段。

”中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所副所长李向阳接受记者采访时表示，随着综合实力的日益增强，中国融入全球化的程度越来越深，对全球政治、外交、金融等方面影响越来越大。

而中国此前在塑造自身形象方面，无论是政府和民间都做得还不够。

自北京奥运会以来，中国展示“软实力”的工作开始加强：放宽外国记者在境内采访的限制，借助国际媒体的影响力来客观报道中国。

而国家形象广告也成为展现“软实力”的另一渠道。

2010年国庆节前，国新办将在国际主流媒体，面向世界观众，播放中国的国家形象宣传。

国家形象的宣传片拍摄工作的启动，标志着中国国家公关时代已经到来。

正式启动的国家形象宣传片，在中国传媒大学研究员李未柠等专家看来，标志着中国开始更加自信、主动地展示自己的“软实力”，争夺国际话语权，中国国家公关时代已经来临。

美丽中国中英文字幕第01集龙之心 Heart of the Dragon

美丽中国（Wild China）第一集龙之心Heart of the Dragon最后的隐世净土The last hidden world中国China数世纪来旅人传诵着关于这片神奇土地For centuries, travellers to China have told tales of magical landscapes以及那些神奇生物的传说and surprising creatures中国文明是世界最古老的文明Chinese civilization is the world's oldest而如今是最宏博的and today it's largest那数十亿的人民with well over a billion people现存超过五十个民族It's home to more than 50 distinct ethnic groups以及各式各样贴近自然的and a wide range of traditional life styles传统生活方式often inclose partnership with nature我们都知道中国面对着着众多社会环境问题We know that China faces immense social and environmental problems但这里也存在着令人窒息的美丽but there is great beauty here too中国有着世界最高峰China is home to the world's highest mountains,从无垠的炙热沙漠vast deserts ranging from from searing hot 到麻木大脑的寒冷地带to mind numbing cold以及那蒸笼般的森林中steaming forests隐匿的各种珍稀生物harboring rare creatures天际下广阔无垠的草原grassy plains beneath vast horizons以及富饶的热带海洋and rich tropical seas现在我们第一次有机会Now, for the first time ever深入探索这片伟大的土地we can explore the whole of this great country接触栖息于此的珍奇生物meet some of the surprising and exotic creatures that live here目睹中国这片神奇土地上and consider the relationship of the people and wildlife of China人与野生世界的羁绊to the remarkable landscaping which they live这就是最原味的中国This is wild China仅以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland我们的中国探索之旅始于南方的亚热带Our exploration of China begins in the warm subtropical south漓江的渔人和鱼鸟栖坐在竹筏上On the Li River fishermen and birds perch on bamboo rafts这个组合已延续千年之久 a partnership that goes back more than a thousand years这景致已为世人所熟悉This scenery is known throughout the world 那是中国水墨永恒的主题 a recurring motif in Chinese paintings和旅人永远的胜地and a major tourist attraction中国南部是片有英国国土The south of China is a vast area九倍之大的广阔土地eight times larger than the UK这里是山雨的国度It's a landscape of hills but also of water这里一年之中有250天在降雨It rains here for up to 250 days a year到处都是积水and standing water is everywhere在扬子江的涝原In a floodplain of the Yangtse River黑尾鹬在泥泞中寻索着虫子black-tailed godwits probe the mud in search of worms并非只有野生动物在这样的环境下茁壮成长But it isn't just wildlife that thrive in this environment 沼泽般湿润肥沃的土地为作物家族最显著的成员提供了最理想的环境the swampy ground provides ideal conditions for the remarkable member of the grass family这就是稻米rice中国有着至少8000年的稻米种植史The Chinese have been cultivating rice for at least 8 thousand years他们改变了这块土地It has transformed the landscape对云南南部的农民而言冬末是个繁忙的季节Late winter in southern Yunnan is a busy time for local farmers因为他们要为即将来临的春天整顿这片古老的稻田as they prepare the age-old paddy field ready for the coming spring元阳县的山坡以2000M之势These hill slopes of Yuanyang county斜插于红河谷地的河床plunge nearly 2000m to the floor of the Red River Valley包含了上千由原始刨掘工具所创造出的梯田each contains literally thousands of stack terraces carved out by hand using basic digging tools云南的梯田是中国最古老人类耕作痕迹中Yunnan's rice terraces are among the oldest human structures in China依旧被耕种使用的土地still ploughed as they always have been正如千百年来的习俗一样by domesticated water buffaloes源自云南河谷的家养水牛承担了耕作的重任whose ancestors originated in these very valleys这片人力开拓的土地是工业化前中国最惊奇宏伟的壮景This man-made landscape is one of the most amazing engineering feats of preindustrial China似乎这里的每一寸土地It seems as if every square inch of land都被打上了农耕的痕迹has been pressed into cultivation当薄暮降临As evening approaches另一场古老的仪式上演an age-old ritual unfolds现在是交配的季节It's the mating season雄禾田蛙们为了吸引异性而卖力高鸣and male paddy frogs are competing for the attention of females但这并非总能为你吸引来关注的目光But it dosen't always pay to draw too much attention to youself中国池鹭是个饕餮掠食者The Chinese Pond Heron is a crapulous predator就算在耕作过的稻田中央Even in the middle of a ploughed paddy field也会上演喙与爪的血腥剧目nature is red in beak and claw或许这看上去像一场屠杀This may look like a slaughter但每只池鹭一次只能吞噬一只蛙but as each heron can swallow only one frog at a time此时剩余的多数派得以逃生并获得了明日再度高歌的机会the vast majority will escape to croak another day元阳县这样广泛种植水稻的Terrace paddies like those of YunYang county are found across much of southern China梯田横贯中国南部This whole vast landscape is dominated by rice cultivation苗族人在炎热的贵州发展了高度发达的水稻种植In heated Guizhou province the Miao minority have developed a remarkable rice culture苗族人把木屋建立在陡峭低产的山壁上With every inch of fertile land given over to rice cultivation用其余每寸丰饶的土地来种植水稻the Miao build their wooden houses on the steepest and least productive hillsides所有东西在中国农村都自有其用处In Chinese rural life everything has a use牛棚里的肥料在太阳下晒干用作煮饭的燃料dried in the sun manure from the cowsheds would be used as cooking fuel中午时分宋家人正饱餐以米和蔬菜为主的中饭It's midday and the Song family are tucking into a lunch of rice and vegetables老祖父宋古永置身于天伦之乐外Oblivious to the domestic chitchat 寻思着重要的事情granddad Guyong Song has serious maters on his mind春季是稻禾生长的伊始时节Spring is a start of the rice growing season庄稼的长势决定了来年宋家人的生计the success of the crop will determin how well the family will eat next year因而选择合适的时机进行耕作是至关重要的so planting at the right time is critical时机的选择取决于当年的天气情况The ideal date depends on what the weather will do this year而这些却是永难估料的never easy to predict但是身边就存在着贴心小帮手But there is some surprising help at hand宋家厅堂房梁上的是一对刚从冬季迁徙中归来的金腰燕On the cielling of the Song's living room a pair of red-rumpedswallownewly arrive from their winter migration他们正在为装潢新一年度的宅邸而忙碌is busy fixing up last year's nest 在中国动物们被赋予独特的象征意义并被细心呵护In China animals are valued does much for their symbolic meaning as for many good they may do苗族人笃信成双燕终身相伴不离不弃Miao people believe that swallow pairs remain faithfulfor life因此他们的存在被视为so their presence is a favor and a blessing幸福生活与美满婚姻的象征bringing happiness to a marriage and good luck to a home如大多数苗人一样宋家起居室的窗子可以眺望见成片的梯田Like most Miao dwellings, the Song's living room windows look out over the paddy fields从早春起一扇窗子便为了方便燕子往返穿飞而敞开From early spring, one of these windows is always left open to let the swallows come and go freely古老爹知晓每年燕子归来的确切时间Each year granddad Gu knows the exact day the swallows return苗族人坚信这些鸟儿的归来预示着春季的来临Miao people believe the birds arrival predicts the timing of a season ahead然而今年他们姗姗来迟This year, they were late因而古老爹和其他族中长老一致认为今年的插秧应当推迟so Gu and the other community elders have agreed that rice planting should be delayed accordingly当苗族人为了插秧而整备田地时As the Miao prepare their fields for planting燕子们或搜集修整巢穴用的泥巴the swallows collect mud to repair their nests或穿越新耕的稻田追逐昆虫and chase after insects across the newly ploughed paddies最终经过了几周的准备Finally, after weeks of preparation这个预定种植的时刻来临了the ordained time for planting has arrived首先秧苗必须从苗床上连根拔起but first the seedlings must be uproot from the nursery beds扎成捆移植到高处山地and bundled up ready to be transported to their new paddy那崭新的苗床上higher up the hillside宋家邻里乡亲全员出动帮助移植All the Song's neighbors have turned out to help with the transplanting这是一直来他们的集体协作方式It's how the community has always worked当然一旦时刻来临宋家人也会做出相同行为来报恩when the time comes, the Songs will return the favor当农户们忙碌在田埂间时While the farmers are busy in the fields飞燕们则衔着修整巢穴的材料来来往往the swallows fly back and forth with material for their nest 人多力量大Many hands make light work插秧的整个过程只持续了仅一个多小时planting the new paddy takes a little more than an hour当工作完成农户们得以休息Job done, the villagers can relax至少在明天来临之前at least until tomorrow然而对这些筑巢的飞鸟而言修筑家园的宏大工程But for the nesting swallows, the work of raising a family才刚刚开始has only just begun新耕种的田地里In the newly planted fields白鹭在寻找食物little egrets hunt for foods稻田成了虫鱼蝌蚪的乐园The rice paddy harbor tadpoles fish and insects而白鹭正好以此哺育幼鸟and egrets have chicks to feed重庆自然保护区建立于1996年This colony in Chongqing province is established in 1996当成群的鸟儿安家在阳光村后方的小竹林when a few dozen birds build nests in the bamboo grove behind YanGuang village当地人将其视为幸运的使者Believing they were assigned of luck 他们最初小心保护这些白鹭和他们的栖息地local people initially protected the egrets and the colony grove但当村长病重后他们的态度发生了转变But their attitude change when the head of the village fell ill当政府开始介入保护鸟群时They blame the birds and were all set to destroy their nests他们开始敌视鸟群并着手摧毁巢穴when the local government stepped in to protect them易弯曲的竹子或许并非安家的最佳场所Bendy bamboo may not be the safest nesting place但至少这些小家伙们不会成为捕食者的腹中餐but at least these youngsters won't end up at someone's dinner这些小家伙刚从母亲嘴里分得美食These chicks have just had a meal delivered by their mom对新生的小嘴着实是一大挑战quite a challenge for litter beaks介于他们的栖息地是受保护的Providing their colonies are protected 像白鹭这样的候鸟是少数直接从发达的水稻种植中获益的鸟类wading birds like egrets are among the few wild creatures which benefit directly from intensive rice cultivation水稻生长需要大量的水Growing rice needs lots of water但即便是在多雨的南方有些土地也面临缺水的危机but even in the rainy south, there are landscapes where water is surprisingly scarce相当于法国和西班牙国土加起来那么大This vast area of southwest China的中国西南的广阔土地the size of France and Spain combined 因为宛如被干燥中空的谷地隔离开来的巨大蛋盒般is famous for its clusters of conical hills 连绵的锥形山脉而闻名于世like giant upturned egg carton seperated by dry empty valleys这就是喀斯特地貌This is the karst石灰石地貌俨然成为南部中国的标志性特征a limestone terrain which has become the defining image of southern China喀斯特地貌通常以突起的裸岩状态分布Karst landscapes are often studded with rocky outcrops这迫使当地农民只得在破碎的小块土地上耕作forcing local farmers to cultivate tiny fields当地人是中国最贫穷的居民之一The people who live here are among the poorest in China在毗邻的云南省In neighboring Yunnan province遍布着石灰石limestone rocks have taken over entirely这就是著名的石林This is the famous Stone Forest无数年侵蚀作用的产物the product of countless years of erosion造就了无数的狭道与巅峰producing a maze of deep gullets and sharp-edged pinnacles石灰石有一个独性那就是能被雨水分解Limestone has a strange property that is dissolves in rain water在数千年的漫长光阴中水的侵蚀深入到岩床的心脏地带Over many thousands of years, water has corrode its way deep into the heart of the bedrock itself这一自然奇观成为了著名的旅游景点This natural wonder has a famous tourist spot每年的访客数量多达200万人receiving close to 2 million visitors each year中国人特别喜好奇形怪状的岩石The Chinese are fond of curiously shaped rocks并以为嶙峋怪石冠上千奇百怪的名字为乐and many have been given fanciful names但没人来猜测这个块怪石的名字No prices for guessing what this one is called但百闻不如置身这片奇妙山地亲身一见But there is more to this lands cape than meets the eye在中国醒目的喀斯特地貌下China has literally thousands of mysterious caverns隐匿着无数的神秘洞穴concealed beneath the visible landscape of the karst这些隐秘世界大多不为世人所知Much of this hidden world has never been seen by human eyes而现在他们将被展现在世人眼前And it's only just now being explored奇险洞穴中再现了一场终极的探险For a growing band of intrepid young Chinese explorers主角是一群日渐成长初生牛犊般的年轻探险家caves represent the ultimate adventure探索一个洞穴犹如一场穿越时空的探险Exploring a cave is like taking the journey through time常年积水叮咚伴随着无止境般的旅途a journey which endless raindrops would have followed over countless centuries水滴潺潺落下Fed by countless drips and trickles地下河流深切入岩the subterranean river carves ever deeper into the rock石灰岩河床将洞穴的河道分割成千沟万壑The cave river's course is channeled by the beds of limestone石灰岩薄弱处被河水冲刷差距的陡坡处水量激增A weakness in the rock can not allow the river to increase its gradient flowrate为洞穴探险带来相当的挑战providing a real challenge for the cave explorers水流到达地下水位后便停止下流The downward rushes halted when the water table is reached这里缓缓流动的河流切割出一条圆形隧道Here the slow flowing river carves tunnels with a more rounded profile这静谧的世界是穴居鱼的家This tranquil world is home to specialized cave fishes比如无目金鲃like the eye-less Golden Barb中国或许拥有地球上种类最为繁多的China may have unique kinds of cave evolved fishes洞穴进化鱼than anywhere else on Earth在地下水位线Above the water table远古洞穴溢满的河水中充斥着石笋和钟乳石ancient caverns abandoned by the river slowly fill up with stalactites and stalagmites含有沉积物的水流St alactites form as trickling water deposites tiny quantities of rock在千万年间“滴水成石”over hundreds or thousands of years含有石灰质的水滴落石床形成石笋Stalagmites grow up where lime laid and drips hit the cave floor迄今为止被探索发掘的中国洞穴是中国大地上的九牛一毛So far, only a fraction of China's caves have been thoroughly prospected而被发掘的洞穴不断为我们展现地底奇观and caves are constantly discovering new subterranean marvels许多在后来被开发成了商业景点many of which are subsequently developed into commercial show caves探索者沿着洞穴河流出山谷的轨迹逃离了黑暗Finally escaping the darkness 在远离出发地的河谷the cave river and its human explorers emerge in a valley far from where their journey began这场冒险拉上了帷幕or now the adventure is over源自洞穴河流Rivers which issue from caves为喀斯特地区提供了生命之泉are the key to survival in the karst country 贵州的垂直峡谷This vertical gorge in Guizhou province成为了当地野生动物的密集焦点is a focal point for the region's wildlife这是世界上最珍稀的灵长类之一This is one of the world's rarest primates白颊黑叶猴Francois's langur在中国他们只残存于两个南部省份In China, they survive in just two southern provinces贵州与广西Guizhou and Guangxi多半栖息于崎岖的石灰岩地貌地带always in ragged limestone terrains正如大多数猴子一样他们是社会性生物Like most monkeys, they're social creatures并且他们乐于耗费大把时间为彼此整理仪容and spend a great deal of time grooming each other叶猴是个不折不扣以嫩芽、嫩叶、水果为食的素食主义者Langurs are essentially vegetarian with a diet of buds, fruits, and tender young leaves叶猴宝宝裹着姜黄色的毛发出生Babies are born with ginger fur这些毛发随着生长逐渐从尾部开始变成黑色which gradually turns black from the tail end叶猴宝宝虎钳般的爪Young infants have a vise-like grip帮助他们附着在妈妈身上以保证安全used for cling on to mom for dare life随着年龄的增长As they get older他们越发胆大，并开始常识更多刺激they get bolder and take more risks这些是经历诸多冒险后的幸存者Those have survive spend a lot of time travelling尽管经验丰富的成年叶猴深知Yet experienced adults know exactly where to find seasonal food到守备范围内不同区域的哪里去寻觅当季的食物in different parts of their range在如此陡峭的地带In such steep terrain旅途顺利包含了高超的攀爬技巧travel involves a high level of climbing skill这些猴子打会走路起就是卓越的攀岩专家These monkeys are spectacularly good rock climbers from the time they learnt to walk叶猴族群In langur society是母系社会females rule the roost并且是举家迁徙的领队人物and take the lead when the family is on the move峭壁一侧One section of cliff分泌的水是富含矿物质的woops is a trickle of mineral-rich water 这对猴子们而言是不可抗拒的诱惑which the monkeys seem to find irresistible如今麻阳河自然保护区已鲜有危及猴宝宝的捕食者These days there are few predators in the Mayanghe Reserve which might pose a risk to baby monkey然而在过去的数个世纪but in past centuries, this area of south China中国南部的这个地区是豹子巨蟒甚至老虎的家was home to leopards, pythons, and even tigers为了在暗夜潜行者的利爪下存活To survive dangerous night prowlers叶猴们前往地底the langurs went underground用他们的高超的攀爬技巧爬到洞穴上方寻找庇护所using their rock climbing skills to seek shelter in inaccessible caverns夜视镜在近乎黑暗的坏境下记录下Filmed in near darkness using a night vision camera叶猴一家爬上了the troop clambers along familiar ledges 被数代猴族磨蚀光润的石壁的情景worn smooth by generations before them 当冬日寒冷来袭During cold winter weather猴子们则冒险潜入the monkeys venture deeper underground 空气相对保持温暖的地下where the air stays comparatively warm 旅途的终点At last, journeys end,高悬的庇护所使得最激进的捕食者都束手无策a coated niche beyond the reach of even the most enterprising predator并非只有猴子们在洞穴中寻找遮蔽But it's not just monkeys that find shelter in caves这些孩子们刚放学These children are off to school在中国农村每天早上都意味着一段In rural China, that may mean a long trek each morning穿越一两个洞穴的艰苦跋涉passing through a cave or two on the way然而并非所有孩子都要徒步上学But not all pupils have to walk to school这些孩子是寄宿生These children are boarders当孩子们快要到达学校时As the day pupils near journey's end住宿生还在做早饭the boarders are still making breakfast 校园内仿若被关掉了灯一般黑暗In the school yard, someone seems to have switched the lights off但这里其实并没有正规的操场But this is no ordinary play ground以及正规的学校and no ordinary school只不过是座Its house洞穴中的房屋而已inside a cave天然拱顶阻隔了雨水 A natural vault of rock keeps out the rain为教室省去了屋顶so there is no need for a roof on the classroom中东洞穴学校由六个班级Zhongdong cave school is made up of 6 classes共200名学生组成with a total of 200 children如同这所学校般这个洞穴住宅区As well as a school, the cave houses 18 families是18户人家和他们牲畜的聚居地together with their livestock这或许是世界上唯一在洞穴中饲养的牛了This could be the only cave dwelling cows on Earth放学后是游戏的时间With school work over, it's play time at last在中国南方洞穴不仅用于遮蔽In southern China, caves aren't just used for shelter他们也能为当地人带来恩惠they can be a source of revenue for the community数代的人持续受到洞穴的恩泽People have been visiting this cave for generations洞穴地底覆盖了满满鸟粪The cave floor is covered in guano仅仅十分钟时间就能让农人满载而归so plentiful that 10 minutes' work can fill these farmer's baskets这是一种宝贵的天然肥料This used as a valuable source of fertilizer鸟粪的源头能听到河水上空的鸟鸣A clue to the source of the guano can be heard above the noise of the river噪音因为山洞而被放大The sound originates high up in the roof of the cave入口处聚满了雨燕The entrance is full of swifts他们是社交性动物They are very sociable birds约200000多的共享贵州南部的洞穴more than 200,000 of them share this cave in southern Guizhou province中国最大的雨燕栖息地The biggest swift colony in China如今中国的家燕多数将巢穴建在建筑物的屋顶These days, Chinese house swifts mostly nest in the roofs of buildings但其实在房屋被发明出来之前but rock crevasses like these were their original home这样的岩缝才是他们原本安家的地方long before houses were invented尽管雨燕依靠洞穴遮蔽Though the swifts depend on the cave for shelter他们却必定在日落前归巢they never stray further than the limits of daylight因为他们的眼睛无法在黑夜中看清事物as their eyes can't see in dark然而洞穴深处However, deep inside the cavern是一群更适应地下are the creatures are better equipped隐秘生活的居民for subterranean life一群蝙蝠刚刚醒来 A colony of bats is just waking up他们运用超声波在黑夜中确定自己的方位using ultrasonic squeaks to orientate themselves in the darkness夜晚是狩猎时间Night is the time to go huntingRickett鼠耳蝠是亚洲蝙蝠中唯一Rickett's mouse-eared bat is the only bat in Asia which specializes in catching fishes通过在水面依靠声波对涟漪的反射追踪游鱼的蝙蝠种tracking them down from the sound reflection of ripples on the water surface这种非凡的技巧仅在数年前被发现This extraordinary behavior was only discovered in the last couple of years现在首次被记录下来展示给世人and has never been filmed before如果说在黑暗中追捕游鱼是如此的不可思议If catching fish in the dark is impressive想象下倒挂状态下不用爪子吞食滑溜溜的米诺鱼是怎样的神奇场景imagine eating a slippery minnow with no hands while hanging upside down拂晓降临至桂林的喀斯特山地Dawn, over the karst hills of Guilin这些山地的嶙峋奇秀归功于These remarkable hills owe their peculiar shapes漓江那弱酸性的水质to the mildly acid waters of the Li River亿万年的侵蚀褪去了他们的本来面目whose meandering course over eons of time has corrode away their basis只剩下坚硬的河道残留下来until only the rocky course remained漓江是中国最清澈的河流之一Li is one of the cleanest rivers in China 是捕鱼者和他们训练有素的鸬鹚最爱的捕获点a favorite spot for fishermen with their trained cormorants这帮七八十岁的男人全部姓黄The men, all called Huang, come from the same village他们来自同一个村落now in their seventies and eighties他们毕生都以捕鱼卫生they've been fishermen all their lives在释放鱼鸟之前Before they release the birds他们在鸟的脖子上松松的系一条套索they tie a noose, loosely around the neck 以防止鸟儿私自将捕到的鱼吞进肚子里to stop them swallowing any fish they may catch伴随着即兴的舞蹈，黄老汉鼓励着他的鸟儿们跳入水中Chancing and dancing, the Huangs encourage their birds to take the plunge在水下Under water鸬鹚的狩猎本能暴发the cormorant's hunting instinct kicks in 他们化身为水下的游鱼追踪导弹turning them into fish seeking missiles一只鸬鹚小分队搭档合作齐心协力Working together,一早上便能收获颇丰a good cormorant team can catch a couple of dozen decent-sized fish in a morning鸟儿们被训练过只能带着鱼儿回到筏子The birds return to the raft with their fish because they've been trained to do so从出生的那一刻起From the time it first hatched鸬鹚们就开始被训练为忠仆each of these cormorants has been reared to a life of obedience to its master这些鸟儿是高效的奴隶The birds are, in effect, slaves但是它们并不是白痴But they are not stupid据说鸬鹚能够记住它们捕获的鱼的数目It's said the cormorants can key the tally of the fish they catch至少能记住七条at least up to seven除非它们不时得到打赏当然这不过是收回一点自己的劳动成果罢了So unless they get a reward now and then,they simply withdraw their labor渔夫理所当然得把最好的鱼留给自己The fishermen of course keep the best fish for themselves鸬鹚则能享受剩余的部分The cormorants get the leftover tiddlies项圈摘除后鸟儿们终于能享用它的战利品了With its collar removed，the bird can at last swallow its prize 最美妙的莫过于得到额外的打赏Best of all,when it isn't meant to have...而如今现代捕鱼技术的激烈竞争These days,competition for modern fishing techniques意味着使黄老汉已不能仅靠鸬鹚捕鱼这一传统的手段谋生了means the Huangs can't make a living from traditional cormorant fishing alone这一流传了1300多年的传统And this 1300-year old tradition如今只能成为取悦游客的表演is now practiced mostly to entertain tourists但在贵州省附近的草海湖上But on Caohai lake in nearby Guizhou Province一种与众不同的捕鱼业正在蓬勃发展an even more unusual fishing industry is alive and well庚钟胜正在去为夜间布网的路上Geng Zhongsheng is on his way to set out his net for the night老庚的怪网是一种一头扎起来的管状装置Geng's net is a strange tubular contraption with a closed off end上百渔夫依靠这个More than a hundred fishermen make their living from the lake水质富矿的高产湖泊为生Its mineral-rich waters are highly productive并在此布下天罗地网and there are nets everywhere第二天清早老耿和他的儿子回来收获他们猎物The next morning, Geng returns with his son to collect his catch乍看之下收获平平At first sight, it looks disappointing小鱼.虾米.和扭个不停的虫子Tiny fishes, lots of shrimps, and some wriggling bugs然而老耿看上去来并不那么消沉Geng doesn't seem too down hearted大鱼被保持存活The larger fish are kept alive这是唯一在酷暑下保鲜的办法the only way they'll stay fresh in the heat 令人吃惊的是一些虫子也被专门挑捡出来Surprisingly, some of the bugs are also singled out for special treatment它们是蜻蜓的幼虫They are the young stage of dragonflies 以蠕虫和蝌蚪为食的掠食者predators that feed on worms and tadpoles这里是世界上蜻蜓卵收获最丰的地方Nowhere else in the world are dragonfly nymphs harvested like this回到家后老耿把他的获物在屋顶上摊开晒干Back home, Geng spreads his catch on the roof to dry在中国，但凡能吃的东西都不会被浪费It's being in China, nothing edible would be wasted在遥远的南方有这样一种说法There is a saying in the far south“长腿的唯桌子不吃"We will eat anything with legs, except a table;长翅膀的独飞机不啃”and anything with wings, except a plane."几个钟头后这些晒干了的昆虫便会被带到市场上卖掉Within a few hours, the dried insects are ready to be backed up and taken to market其中蜻蜓蛹能卖到最好的价格Its the dragonfly nymphs that fetch the best price幸运的是草海的蜻蜓资源非常丰富且高速再生Fortunately, Caohai's dragonflies are abundant and fast breeding所以老耿和其他的渔民远不会危及它们的数量so Geng and his fellow fishermen have so far had little impact on their numbers但绝非所有野生动物都这样生机勃勃But not all wildlife is so resilient这所上海附近的佛庙This buddhist temple near Shanghai有一段与之相关的传奇故事has an extraordinary story attached to it2007年5月In May 2007一支狂野中国摄制组在这所寺庙的鱼塘里A Wild China camera team filmed this peculiar Swinhoe's turtle拍摄到了这只罕见的斑龟in the temple's fishpond据寺庙的和尚所说这只龟在明朝期间被赐予寺庙According to the monks, this turtle had been given to the temple during the Ming dynasty至今已有400余年历史了over 400 years ago它被认为是地球上最老的动物It was thought to be the oldest animal on Earth软壳龟被很多从中国人视为神赐的馈赠Soft shell turtles are considerd a god-made delicacy by many Chinese在被记录下的时候and when it was filmed它已是中国仅存的三只斑龟之一this was one of just three Swinhoe's Turtles left alive in China他的同胞们The rest of its kind被当作食物剿杀殆尽having been rounded up and eaten悲痛人心的是在拍摄后的短短几周后Sadly, just a few weeks after filming 这只远古的生物与世长辞了this ancient creature died他的其他同类现在被散养在不同动物园保护着The remaining individuals of its species are currently kept in seperate zoos据测算现在斑龟在自然界中已经灭绝了and Swinhoe's Turtle is now reckoned extinct in the wild事实上中国25种淡水龟中In fact, most of the 25 types of fresh water turtles in China多数都已然濒危are now vanishingly rare杜绝物种灭绝的唯一途径The answer to extinction就是加以保护is protection这里有贯穿中国南方的不断壮大的自然保护区网络And there is now a growing network of nature reserves through southern China其中张家界天子山那由沙石构成的高耸的Of these, the Tianzi Mountain Reserve at Zangjiajie is perhaps the most visited by Chinese nature lovers塔状反重力地貌最受中国自然爱好者的青睐who come to marvel at the gravity-defying landscape of soaring sand stone pinnacles蜿蜒在张家界的山峰间清澈见底的溪流Winding between Zhangjiajie's peaks 居住着一种中国最奇怪的生物crystal clear mountain streams are home to what is perhaps China's strangest creature这种奇异的动物This bizarre animal属于蝾螈的一种is a type of newt中国大鲵the Chinese Giant Salamander在中国它被称之为娃娃鱼In China, it is known as the baby fish这名称源自当他悲伤时发出的类似婴儿哭泣的声音because when distressed, it makes a sound like a crying infant成年体长1~1.5米It grows up to a meter and a half long这使它成为世界上最大的两栖类动物making it the world's largest amphibian在自然条件下一只大鲵可以活到十岁Under natural conditions, a Giant Salamander may live decades但是和很多其他中国动物一样But like so many Chinese animals 它被视为美味佳肴it is considered delicious to eat。

视觉语法视域下国家形象的多模态构建

视觉语法视域下国家形象的多模态构建作者：李慧艳欧阳菁来源：《青年时代》2020年第21期摘要：国家形象宣传片可以通过多种模态协作达到构建及强化效果的作用。

本文运用克瑞斯（Kress）和范勒文（Van Leeuwen）的视觉语法分析理论，以《中国共产党与你一起在路上》为研究对象，从再现意义、互动意义、构成意义的方面解读该宣传片中的国家形象构建以有效获得受众的认同感，引起情感上的共鸣。

关键词：视觉语法;国家形象;宣传片;多模态构建“一带一路”国家级顶层合作倡议提出后，中国的国家形象举世瞩目，国家形象的构建和国家软实力的建设密切相关，因而正面积极的国家形象传播具有战略意义。

《中国共产党与你一起在路上》（下文简称《在路上》）的中英双语宣传视频，用时长约3分钟的小短片，以英文旁白，中英文字幕，呈现出一个充满朝气与梦想，大气磅礴的国家形象。

《在路上》在各大网站推出，收到诸多点赞，引起了人们对国家形象和“中国梦”的热议。

本研究运用多模态话语理论分析《在路上》国家形象构建和呈现方式，试图揭示多模态语篇利用新媒体技术，通过多模态符号的相互补充，强化国家形象的国内外传播效果，引起观众的爱国主义情感上的共鸣。

一、运用多模态话语分析的理据性新媒体技术泛指依托数字技术、网络技术、移动通信技术等新技术而形成的新的传媒技术[1]。

在新媒体技术高速发展的今天，以文本、图像、色彩、动画等多种符号手段进行信息交流的多种模态融合能够更加全面立体地表达制作者的意图。

多模态指的是符号产品或符号事件的设计中几种符号模态的使用和模态整合的方式[2]。

多模态话语分析是克瑞斯（Kress）和范勒文（Van Leeuwen）以韩礼德（Halliday）的系统功能语法为理论指导，并把Halliday的语言符号的三大元功能，即概念功能、人际功能和语篇功能应用到视觉符号的领域，创立了分析图像的视觉语法的多模态话语分析，包括图像的再现意义、互动意义和构图意义并扩展了各图像意义的具体内涵。

软力量：中国国家形象宣传片

软力量：中国国家形象宣传片作者：姚静来源：《青年与社会》2014年第22期【摘要】在信息时代，世界格局多样化的情况下，软力量日益发挥着重要的作用。

如何利用软力量资源，如何提高国家的软力量成为了各个国家都致力于的问题。

国家形象宣传片通过大众媒介向世界展示自己国家的独特文化和魅力，从而达到吸引其他国家受众，提高国家形象和地位，赢得更多的同盟和合作。

那么，作为软力量资源一种的国家形象宣传片，如何更能让世界受众成功的接受，是国家所要重视和大力关注的。

【关键词】软力量；国家形象；国家形象宣传片；媒介；文化一、对于软力量的认识约瑟夫·奈在他的《软力量——世界政坛成功之道》中说到，国家力量可以从三个层面体现，军事，经济和软力量。

软力量同硬力量一样，是实力的形式之一，是国家战略的重要方面。

软力量是通过吸引而非强迫或收买的手段来达到所愿的能力。

它源于一个国家的文化、政治观念和政策的吸引力。

早期国际力量比较的标准是单一的军事能力，也就是所谓的硬实力，而随着国际间力量对比的变化和发展，硬力量不再是主导或决定性的因素，软力量开始并日益发挥着重要的作用。

约瑟夫·奈认为，软力量是一种无需使用威胁（大棒）和利诱（胡萝卜），但却能让他人做你想让他们做的事情的能力。

简言之，软力量就是吸引力。

于此同时，他还指出软力量主要来自三种资源：文化、政治价值观以及外交政策。

一些国家的政治影响力反而大于其军事和经济的力量，如挪威、瑞典等西欧国家虽然军事上的硬力量比不过英美大国，可是其在维和经济援助等方面作为使得其政治影响力不容忽视。

二、中国国家传统形象宣传对于中国来言，经济发展和工业建设一直是社会发展的核心，随着信息时代的到来，国家也开始向以文化、价值观以及外交政策等为代表的软力量而发展。

在这里，本文将国家形象宣传片作为软力量资源的一种，通过对软力量正确全面的认识及美国经验的影响和借鉴，从而对中国国家形象宣传片是如何构建国家形象，创造并发挥中国软力量而进行分析。

国家形象宣传片

国家形象宣传片国家形象宣传片是通过一部影片，来展示国家形象以及国家的文化、发展成果、城市风貌、人民生活等方方面面的内容。

它旨在向全球范围内的观众传达出一个富有吸引力、活力四溢的国家形象，吸引更多的人们来投资、旅游、学习以及与该国进行各种形式的合作。

首先，国家形象宣传片可以通过各种视觉及声音元素来展示国家的自然风光和人文景观。

通过美丽的山川河流、壮丽的高山峡谷、绮丽的湖泊和海滩等自然景观，使观众对国家内外的各个地区都产生好奇心和探索欲望。

同时，通过国家的历史名胜古迹、文化遗产、传统节日等人文景观，使观众更加了解和尊重该国的历史文化，增强对该国的认同感。

其次，国家形象宣传片也可以展示国家的发展成果和科技实力。

通过展示国家的现代化建设、高速铁路、空中交通、信息技术、航天事业等方面的成就，向观众展现该国在科技创新、经济发展等方面的强大实力和国际竞争力。

这不仅能吸引更多的商业投资，也能吸引更多的人才来该国学习和工作。

此外，国家形象宣传片还应该展示国家的城市风貌和人民生活。

通过展示国家的现代化都市景观、繁华的商业街区、现代化的住宅区、优质的教育医疗设施等，向观众展示该国城市的繁荣和宜居度。

同时，展示国家人民的生活方式、社交活动、文化娱乐、体育赛事等，使观众更加了解该国的社会风貌和人民幸福感。

国家形象宣传片的制作需要综合利用电影、摄影、音乐、文字等艺术形式来营造视听享受，使观众沉浸于所展示的国家形象之中。

同时，在制作中需要注重节奏和剪辑，在保持观众兴趣的同时，尽可能地展示国家的各个方面，并将其有机地组合在一起，形成一个统一的整体。

同时，语言文字的选择也需要考虑观众的背景和文化差异，以确保信息的准确传达和观众的理解。

为了确保国家形象宣传片的质量和效果，制作团队应该具备专业的技术和创作能力。

他们需要对国家的特点和特色有深入的了解，能够准确把握国家的核心价值观和宣传重点，并巧妙地将其融入到影片中。

同时，制作团队还应具备出色的文化敏感性和跨文化交流能力，以确保影片在不同文化背景下的传播效果。

从跨文化视角看中国国家形象构建

从跨文化视角看中国国家形象构建【摘要】中国国家形象宣传片，无论制作、宣传还是营销方式都是我国对外宣传事业中史无前例的一次探索。

因此，本文以中国国家形象宣传片《角度片》为研究素材，从建构主义这一角度出发，通过分析该文本的语言，来探究该素材是如何把中国国家形象展现给西方民众的，并引起他们的共鸣。

【关键词】宣传片；中国形象；建构主义引言近些年来，国外拍摄了大量关于中国的纪录片，多是以他们的眼光看中国，中国是被议论、被展现，既片面也不太真实。

有的片子甚至把中国的形象妖魔化了，出现了“中国威胁论” 的说法。

如何让西方民众认识到真正的中国？那就是要主动递上自己的“名片”，让外国人感受真正的中国形象。

因此，国新办组织拍摄的一组关于当下中国与中国人的宣传片《人物篇》、《角度片》开始面向全世界观众播放。

此片播出后立刻引起了西方各界的广泛的关注，有相关的数据显示西方民众对中国有了重新的认识，好感增加了30%。

此举标志着中国开始更加自信、主动地展示自己的“软实力”，对国家形象的正面建构有着尤为重要的意义。

因此，本文以建构主义为理论依据，通过分析国家形象宣传片《角度片》中的英文旁白，以此来说明该素材是用怎样的语言来建构出中国国家的形象，从而引起西方受众的共鸣。

从这个角度来讲，本文的研究具有一定的现实意义。

一、国家形象（一）国外的研究国外的国家形象研究主要始于20世纪50年代，具体来看，国外的国家形象研究主要有如下的角度：1.现实主义“软权力”角度，以威望、声誉等意思相近的词语替代“国家形象”。

在国际政治学中，有关声誉问题的研究可以说是源远流长。

摩根索在国家权力斗争的阐释中描述了三个策略，即：维持权力、增加权力和显示权力，后者便是期望借助国家的形象威望达到威慑的目的。

2.建构主义的“文化认同论”角度。

一些学者强调，国家身份取决于行为体与结构的互建。

国家形象影响公众对国家的感知、态度，对价值观及制度体系的认可，并最终影响对国家身份的认同。

国家身份的多模态隐喻建构_以_中国国家宣传片_角度篇_为例_张蕾

第34卷第2期湖南城市学院学报V ol.34No.2 2013年3月JOURNAL OF HUNAN CITY UNIVERSITY Mar.2013国家身份的多模态隐喻建构—以《中国国家宣传片——角度篇》为例张蕾（天津外国语大学英语学院，天津300204）摘要：《中国国家宣传片——角度篇》中，动态图像、视觉及听觉文字、音乐等多种模态相互补充与强化，激活了“旅程”概念域中的“道路”和“前行”以及“表演”概念域中的“舞台”等概念场景，将“旅程”与“表演”概念域中的语义元素映射到宣传片所体现的主题，从而通过多模态隐喻构建出快速发展中的中国国家身份。

关键词：国家身份；多模态；隐喻；国家宣传片中图分类号：G23文献标识码：A doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1942.2013.02.018文章编号：1672–1942(2013)02–0090–04受建构主义影响,国家身份研究出现了明显的话语转向。

研究者开始关注各类话语对国家身份的构建功能。

[1-4]现有研究多从批评话语分析角度，突显不同国家意识形态的差异，或是对不公正的社会问题进行批判,关注单一的语言符号模式，鲜有动态研究。

对中国国家身份构建的研究多集中在西方媒体对中国的负面表征上。

[5]主动构建中国形象的研究多来自国际传媒学领域，强调图像符号体系的设计和传播，缺少对多模态符号互动模式的探讨。

目前，对多模态话语的研究主要分为以系统功能语言学理论为基础的多模态话语分析和以认知语言学理论为基础的多模态话语分析。

前者从功能的层面进行分析，注重话语分析的社会性：后者从认知层面进行分析，注重隐喻、转喻两种认知现象的研究和阐释。

[6]本文从认知层面,解读《中国国家宣传片——角度篇》中的多模态隐喻如何构建中国国家身份。

一、多模态隐喻以认知语言学为基础的多模态话语分析以Forceville等为代表。

[7]Forceville指出隐喻不仅是一种语言现象，更是一种思维方式，因此隐喻不仅可以用语言符号表达，还可以用其他符号模式来表达。

中国国家形象宣传片(英文字幕)

In October 2003, the first Chinese citizen saw his homeland from outer space and themythology and dreams of thousands of years became a reality.2003年10月，中国人第一次从外太空亲眼看到了自己的国家，那数千年的神话和畅想，变成了真实的注视Our songs of how the earth is our garden and our pride in surving our long historysuddenly became more vid and clear.那些关于地球是个家园的歌颂关于自己在漫长历史里生存下来的骄傲这时刻比别的时候更加清晰具体中国CHINAWho are the Chinese?我们是谁What makes us who we are?我们在想什么But even before this momentous chapter in our history, Chinese people have alwaysregarded themselves from multi-faceted angles.早在创造中国历史的这一刻之前，中国人也从未中断过从其他角度审视自己的国家。

Is tradition a burden or kind of a driving force for development?传统是一种背负还是一种推动发展的动力Do we take our cultural heritage too seriously or not seriously enough?文化的传承是太受到关注，还是太漫不经心Do you see conflict or fusion, nostalgia or visions of the future？你看到的是冲突还是融合，是回忆还是未来？Opening the door with confidence开放而有自信30年前，一扇世界上最的的窗户打开了……这个国家，旋即迎接了令人眼花缭乱的变化In 1979, China opened the biggest window in the world to the outside and Chinasuddenly dazzled people with the panorama of change.或许有人认为，在这样巨大的物质和信息刺激下，想保持镇定都非常困难Some may argue under such huge material andmental stimulation, it would be hard to maintain equilibrium.在我心目中，中国是一个包容性非常强的国家In my mind, China is a country that has verystrong inclusiveness.她是一个很有文化的一个国家She is a country with rich culture.又有历史的沧桑感，但是又在日新月异的变化着She has a long history, but also changeseveryday..但是接下来30年间发生的事情，却让全世界都看到一个有着悠久历史底蕴的文化在面临全新变革之时，能够展现出怎样的包容性和应变能力But after 30 years, the world hasseen howmuch China’s profound history and cultural essence has given, lead us toflexibility and unity when facing fast transformation.(龙永图WTO谈判中国首席代表)：加入世贸以后，整个国力的增强使得中国人更加自信，也更加开放AfterChina’saccession to the WTO,Chinese people are getting more andmore confident because of the increasing national strength.人们不得不承认，中国在和全世界接轨的同时，保持着自己鲜明的特色Observers mustadmit in its meeting with the world, China has preserved its own special character. 30年开放，30年面对新事物而勇敢无畏，自信地选择着适合自己国情和民情的发展道路。

BBC美丽中国第六集中英文字幕

wild China.美丽中国（Wild China）第六集潮汐更迭 Tides of Change 双语对照文本字幕从东端的长城起From the eastern end of the Great Wall,中国的海岸跨度14,500公里China's coast spans 14,500 kilometres并且拥有五千多年的历史and more than 5,000 years of history.在这个方面显示了This is the area which showsthe greatest contrast中国的过去和未来之间的差距between China's past and its future.如今中国的东海岸线Today China's eastern seaboard有七亿人口is home to 700 million people,居住在科技高速发展的沿海城市packed into some of the mostdazzling hi-tech cities on earth.然而这些拥挤的海岸仍然是野生动物的一个重要财富Yet these crowded shores remain hugelyimportant for a wealth of wildlife. 现在古老的传统渐渐被新的气息所侵蚀Now, as ancient traditionsmingle with new aspirations,那么在中国拥挤的海岸上还有野生动物的活动场所吗is there any room at all for wildlifeon China's crowded shores?谨以此献给我们多灾多难但美丽依旧的祖国For our troubled but drop-dead beautiful motherland在中国北方的扎龙自然保护区In northern China's Zhalong Nature Reserve, 一对丹顶鹤正守望着它们的产卵领土a pair of red-crowned craneshave staked out their nesting territory 在一个商业管理的芦苇床残株里in the stubble of a commercially managed reed bed.数百年来For centuries,cranes have been revered in China鹤被中国人视为长寿的象征而备受尊崇as symbols of longevity.它们的雕像被放在皇帝的宝座旁Their statues were placed next to the Emperor's throne.鹤因此而受到赞扬The cranes have cause to celebrate.幼鹤在困难时刻就象征着希望This chick is a sign of hope in difficult times.丹顶鹤是世界上最濒临灭绝边缘的物种之一Red-crowned cranes are one ofthe world's most endangered species.在过去的一个世纪Over the last century,中国失去了近一半的沿海湿地China has lost nearly halfof its coastal wetlands并且大多数改造地是为了造福人类而非野生动物and most of what remains is managed forthe benefit of people, not wildlife. 从现在起的数个月A few months from now,幼鹤和它的家人将面临一场往南方的大迁徙this chick and its parents will facea long migration south来躲避北方的严冬to escape the harsh northern winter.它们将沿着海岸向前Their route will take them along a coast然而这些海岸已经受到人类活动的巨大影响which has been greatly affectedby human activity.在它们的征途上Along their journey,the cranes will be joined将有成千上万其他鸟类加入迁徙大军by many thousandsof other migrating birds.它们迁徙的方向横跨南渤海湾All heading south across the Bohai Gulf沿海岸的黄海和中国东海and along the shores ofthe Yellow and East China Seas,最远甚至抵达中国南海some even reaching as far asthe South China Sea 寻找一个安全的冬季避难所in search of a safe winter haven.每年候鸟迁徙已持续了数千年之久The annual bird migration has beengoing on for thousands of years.在中国东岸的锦屏山Here at Mount Jinpingon China's northeast coast,存留着人类there is surprising evidence曾长期居住过的惊人遗迹that people have lived here almost as long.七千年前Seven thousand years ago,少昊部落的成员雕刻下的神奇符号members of the Shao Hao tribecarved magical symbols描绘出他们日常生活得到的重要原理representing significant elementsof their daily lives.这种岩石雕刻显示出The petroglyphs show wheat sheavesconnected by lines to human figures, 中国第一个有记录的耕种遗址the first known recordings ofcultivation in China.因为常年目睹群鸟迁徙的奇观Familiar with the spectacleof yearly bird migrations,少昊人选择一只鸟的符号作为他们的图腾the Shao Hao people chosea symbol of a bird as their totem.锦屏山位于半岛附近Mount Jinping lies nearthe Shandong peninsula,是候鸟的一个重要越冬场所an important wintering sitefor migrant birds, 即使在今天仍然有鸟群沿着这条海岸线前进and even today there are stillcommunities along this coastline并且和当地的鸟群保持着密切关系who retain a special affinitywith their local birdlife.烟墩礁Yandun Jiao village,位于半岛的东北岸on the north-eastern shoreof the peninsula,以其传统特色的海藻覆顶建筑闻名于世is famous for its traditionalseaweed-thatched cottages.在早春料峭的清晨On a chilly morning in early spring,屈夫妇在破晓时刻出来碰运气Mr and Mrs Qu venture out at first light带着海民的传统工具——桶和小铲armed with the traditional seasideaccessories of bucket and spade.当屈家人朝着港湾前进As the Qus head down into the harbour,一群被当地人a flock of whooper swans,亲切称为“冬日天使”的大天鹅known affectionately hereas "winter angels",在海湾醒来are waking out in the bay.屈家和他们的邻居在潮落的泥浆中The Qus and their neighbourssearch for tube holes寻找管状的孔in the mud at low tide,那里意味着有扇贝或竹蛏深藏在泥底the sign of cockles and razor shellshidden deep below.收集贝克是颇为流行的消遣While gathering shellfishis a popular pastime, 当地人以出海为主要营生the main business of Yandun Jiaohappens further out at sea.当老屈站在启程船只的甲板上As the boats set out,with Mr Qu on board, 天鹅并肩掠过the swans set a parallel course.整个海湾是一个巨型海藻农场The whole of the bay isa gigantic seaweed farm.人们整天忙于清理和照料海藻叶The men work all day cleaningand tending the kelp fronds海藻长在巨大浮标舰队互相连接的绳子上that are grown on ropes linked toa vast armada of buoys.天鹅只吃长在绳子表面的本地海藻The swans eat native seaweedsgrowing on the surface ropes而非更有价值的产物rather than the valuable crop of kelp,所以它们无损经济作物的生长so they do no harm to the commercial operation.下午当风在海上生起In the afternoon,as the wind picks up out at sea, 工人和天鹅退回岸边the workers and swans return to shore.当追求与自然和谐的文化While the culture of seeking balance with nature 历经远路回归中国的时候goes back a long way in China,在中国拥挤的海岸线很难看到如此和谐的人地关系it is rare to see such harmoniousrelationships on China's crowded coast. 当夜晚降临As evening draws on,屈家人准备了扇贝the Qu family preparetheir evening meal of cockles, 馒头和海藻做为晚膳steamed bread and seaweed.孩子们谈话声(KIDS CHATTERING)剩菜被村里的孩子们用来喂天鹅Leftovers are given tothe village children to feed the swans.这给孩子和村民带来许多乐趣It's fun for the kids and provides并未鸟儿们度过寒夜提供了能量补给an extra energy boost for the birdsas they face another cold night. 天鹅已经利用这个庇护港The swans have been usingthis sheltered bay作为冬天的过冬地at as a winter refugefor many generations.只要敬重自然的传统还在As long as the traditionof respect for nature persists,烟墩礁的村民和“冬日天使”间的this remarkable association betweenthe Yandun Jiao community奇妙友谊就会持续下去and their winter angelslooks set to continue.在渤海湾天鹅村的最东北处Out in the Bohai Gulf,northeast of the swan village,一座小小的岩岛为迁徙的鸟儿提供了安静的歇脚地a small rocky island provides a quietresting spot for migrating birds. 但是蛇岛亦潜伏着危险But Shedao Island has hidden dangers.由于海平面上升蝮蛇已被困在这座岛上6000余年Pallas' pit vipers trapped here6,000 years ago by rising sea levels 这已演化成一种险恶的生存方式have evolved a sinister lifestyle.每年有10个月For 10 months of the year岛上没有任何食物there is nothing substantial to eaton the island,因此爬行类动物保持静止以保存体力so the reptiles conserve their energyby barely moving at all.鸟群鸣叫(BIRDS CAWING)当使它们的岩石家园变暖As the sun warms their rocky home,这些蛇便爬进灌木树丛the snakes climb upinto the bushes and trees.但是它们不是来这晒日光浴的But they aren't here to sunbathe.越来越多的毒蛇出现了More and more vipers appear事实上毒蛇占据了几乎所有栖息地until virtually every perchwhere a bird might land等着鸟们上钩has been booby-trapped.“守猎”游戏开始了Then the waiting game begins.蛇隐藏得很好The serpents' camouflage is remarkable,但是蛇攻击鸟的时候but so are the birds' reactions,鸟的反应同样迅速as this high-speed shot reveals.鸟群只在岛上停留几周The birds will only stay on the islandfor a couple of weeks.但是尽管蛇已经饿了几个月了But although the snakeshave been starving for months,但是它们实现饱餐一顿心愿的途径their only hope of bagging a mealis to be patient只能是潜藏起来耐心等待and sit tight.即便最微小的失误The slightest miscalculation也会导致狩猎的失败and the snake is left witha mouthful of feathers. 蛇只能通过嗅觉寻找失去的美味The dropped meal is tracked downmainly by smell,毒蛇用分叉的舌头the viper using its forked tongue分辨空气来靠近追逐的猎物to taste the air untilit is close enough to see its quarry.最后的挑战是吞下自己头部两倍粗的食物The final challenge is to swallow a mealthat's twice the size of its head. 蛇能让下巴脱臼并合理安排食物的方向It does so by dislocating its jawsand positioning its prey使鸟嘴指向后边so the beak is pointing backwards.对于爬虫来说，充足的时间也很短暂For the reptiles,this time of plenty is all too brief.再过几个星期，迁移就要完毕了In a couple of weeks,the migration will be over鸟群会继续前进and the birds will have moved on.这可能是蛇六个月中的最后一餐This could be the snake's last mealfor six months.但是并不是岛上会经历But it isn't just islands盛宴和饥馑的循环that experience cyclesof feast and famine.海也有季节变化The sea, too, has its seasons,沿岸的渔民都知道这个变化a fact well known to fishing communitiesalong the neighbouring coasts. 在初望港In Chuwang harbour,盛大的聚会是新汛期开始的证明the start of a new fishing seasonprovides the excuse for a massive party. 但是对于船主老来说But for boat owner Mr Zhao,既有庆祝又有祈祷it's a day of prayeras well as celebration.老希望通过祭祀海神Zhao hopes that by presenting giftsand showing respect to the sea goddess, 来确保他们来年捕鱼he can help ensure a prosperousand safe year ahead 顺利安全for him and his crew.同时鼓声爆竹反映了古人的信念Meanwhile, drums, firecrackers andfireworks reflect the ancient belief 古人认为嘈杂巨响能驱赶海怪和坏运气that loud noises will frighten offdangerous sea devils and bad fortune. 台子中间的那个是海龙的象征Occupying centre stageis a representation of the sea dragon,传说海龙控制着水和天气mythical ruler of water and weather.夜晚风平浪静In the calm of the evening,先生和家人点亮了纸船灯笼Mr Zhao and his familylight paper boat lanterns. 每一个闪烁的火焰带着一个愿望飘向海神Each flickering flamecarries a wish to the sea goddess,这个传统世代传递着a tradition passed on from parentsto children over countless generations. 在中国拥挤的海岸线上On China's crowded coasts,渔民们必须非常机敏fishermen need to beextremely resourceful.收渔网是一项繁重的工作Hauling in the nets is hard work,目前为止还没有看到鱼and so far there's not a fish in sight.只有海蜇Only jellyfish.每年无数的海蜇Each year, millions of jellyfish被渤海湾的水流带到南方are carried south with the currentsin the Bohai Gulf.这种现象的生态学原因很复杂The ecological storybehind this event is complex,但决不是中国特有的but by no means unique to China.海蜇是快速繁殖的浮游生物的食物Jellyfish are fast-breedingplankton feeders.近些年来人类污水和精耕细作使用的化肥In recent years, human sewage andfertilisers from intensive farming 增大了海湾的浮游生物繁殖速度have increased plankton bloomsin the Gulf, 提供了丰富的海蜇食物providing extra jellyfish food.由于过度捕鱼海蜇的敌人和竞争者少了While over-fishing has reducedtheir enemies and competitors.这种现象已经It's a phenomenon that has becomeincreasingly widespread在全球蔓延across the world's seas.然而别的地方认为是个问题However, what is seen elsewhereas a problem, 在中国却被当成机会in China is perceived as an opportunity.岸上Back on shore,四轮车载着海蜇到附近的大商店里mule carts transport the jellyfishto nearby warehouses在那里处理后销往全国where they will be processedand sold as food all over China.四代人正在饱餐一碗海蜇片Four generations tuck intoa bowl of sliced jellyfish,这道菜可以延年益寿the recipe for a long and healthy life.离开了渤海湾Leaving the Bohai Gulf behind,迁徙的鹤群migrating cranes,篦鹭和鸭子里边加入了其他鸟类spoonbills and ducksare joined by other birds,它们都飞向南方寻找安全的冬天栖息地all heading southin search of a safe winter haven.鸟群的迁徙路线顺着黄海The birds' migration route followsthe coast of the Yellow Sea一路朝向省down into Jiangsu Province,那里有肥沃的农业风景a fertile agricultural landscape有中国最后存留的盐沼泽地with some of the last remainingsalt marshes in China.大丰At Dafeng,一小块盐沼泽的就是一只幸存动物的家园a small salt marsh reserve is hometo an animal which is lucky to be alive. 中国人认为麋鹿是奇怪复杂的动物The Chinese see these Milu asa curious composite animal,有像马一样的头with a horse's head,牛一样的脚cow's feet,驴一样的尾巴a tail like a donkey朝向后边的鹿角and backwards-facing antlers.在西方自从第一个欧洲人In the West, we know it asDavid's Deer,叫它麋鹿以后我们也这样叫了after the first European to describe it. 在发情期During the rut,雄鹿用植物的花环来装饰自己stags decorate themselveswith garlands of vegetation这些东西是用鹿角弄的collected in their antlers.激烈的战斗决定谁拥有交配权Fierce battles decide mating rights.雌鹿仍然带着去年的幼鹿The females still havelast year's fawns in tow. 母鹿在发情期也没有给幼鹿断奶They haven't been weanedby the time of the rut幼鹿聚在一起and band together in large crhes,只回到自己母亲那里喂食only returning to their mothers to feed.这种特殊的行为有助于帮助它们记清楚好斗的雄鹿This unique behaviour helps to keepthem clear of the aggressive males. 现在中国仅存2500头麋鹿了Today, there are just2,500 Milu in China, 很明显如果再多也很有限but it is remarkable thatthere are any at all. 在20世纪初期野外的麋鹿濒临灭绝In the early 1900sMilu became extinct in the wild,幸运的是一些良种鹿群被当作礼物送到了欧洲but luckily, some of the Imperial herdhad been sent as a gift to Europe. 那些在英格兰Woburn Abbey的麋鹿繁衍了下来Those at Woburn Abbey,in England, prospered.20世纪80年代 40头鹿被送回了故乡And in the early 1980s, 40 of the deerwere returned to their homeland 它们在那里继续繁衍生息where they continue to thrive.迁徙的鹤群至今已经The migrating craneshave so far travelled顺着海岸向南飞行了两千多公里了over 2,000 kilometres southwardsalong the coast.经过了大丰的麋鹿预留区Passing the Milu Deer Reserve at Dafeng,它们接近了另一个盐沼泽地they are approaching another salt marsh那里给它们过冬提供了极好的条件which will provide the perfectconditions for them to spend the winter. ，中国最大的沿海湿地This is Yancheng,the largest coastal wetland in China,每年估计有三百万鸟拜访这里visited by an estimatedthree million birds each year.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)刚出生七个月的幼鹤Crane chicks that were only bornseven months ago完成了第一次来回旅行have now completed the first legof a round trip 它们将会每年重复这样which they will repeat every year.坚强的鹤群能应付冬天的温度The hardy cranes can copewith winter temperatures温度可能降到零度以下which may drop below freezing.但是其他迁徙的鸟类比如濒临灭绝的黑面篦鹭However, other migrating birds, likethe endangered black-faced spoonbill,就没有那么耐寒are less cold-tolerant它们将要继续南飞寻找更温暖的气候and will continue even further southin search of warmer climes.(嘎嘎的叫声）(SQUAWKING)在这里许多迁徙的鸟群At this point,many of the migrating bird flocks 勉强达到了它们南飞旅程的一半are barely halfway alongtheir southward journey.在它们前面还有新的挑战Ahead of them lies a new challenge,中国最伟大的河——长江China's greatest river, the Yangtze,是许多种类迁徙物种的聚集地and the venue fora very different kind of migration.每年上百万吨的货物往来江面Each year, millions of tons of cargotravel up and down the river,使这里成了世界上最繁忙的航路之一making this one ofthe busiest waterways in the world.这些是中华绒蝥蟹These are Chinese mitten crabs,因它们长毛爪子得名named for their strange hairy claws.它们可以迁移长达1500公里They may migrate as much as1,500 kilometres 从支流和湖泊一直到河口from tributaries and lakesto the river mouth, 他们在那里繁殖后代where they gather to breed.中华鲟也有相似的迁徙 A similar migration is madeby the giant Yangtze sturgeon,中华鲟能长到4米长半吨重which can reach four metres longand weigh half a ton.近些年来它们的数量骤减In recent years,its numbers have declined dramatically这是由于它们的迁徙被越来越多的河坝阻挡了as its migration is impededby ever more river dams.但是不仅中华鲟有这样的境遇But it isn't just animals likethe sturgeon that are in trouble,整个长江的生态系统都遭到了破坏the entire Yangtze Riverecosystem is being poisoned.虽然有显耀的清理计划项目In spite of being the subjectof an ambitious clean-up plan,估计长江是最大的today the river isreckoned to be the biggest污染太平洋的单向水源single source of pollutionentering the Pacific Ocean.坐落于长江入的Situated right at the mouthof its estuary,崇明岛为迁徙的滨鸟Chongming Island providesa vital resting and feeding spot提供了重要的休养生息的地方for migrating shorebirds,人们对长江流域的野生动物的态度不断转变and a place which offerswelcome evidence这个地方也是个很好的证明of changing attitudes towardsthe Yangtze's beleaguered wildlife.几个世纪里这些沿岸泥滩一直吸引许多捕猎者For centuries these coastalmudflats have attracted hunters,就像金先生一样like Mr Jin,他们不断地改善捕猎技巧who have honedtheir trapping skills to perfection 捕获稀有鸟类供有钱人食用to put rare birds on the tablesof Shanghai's elite.40年里金先生一直用一网For 40 years Mr Jin has used a net,简单的诱鸟和一只竹笛simple decoy birds and a bamboo whistle来诱惑经过的鸟到他的网里to lure passing birds towards his nets.(笛声)(WHISTLING)这需要耐心和高超的技巧It takes both patienceand consummate skill.但是事情并不总是这样But all is not as it seems.像其他许多最好的自然保护者一样Mr Jin, like many ofthe best conservationists,金先生现在由偷猎者变为了看护者is poacher turned gamekeeper,使用他捕猎技艺来保护他原先的猎物using his hunting skillsto benefit his old quarry.在东潭鸟类保护基地里The staff here at Dongtan Bird Reserve人们将给这些捕获的鸟测量带环称重will measure, ringand weigh the trapped birds然后把它们释放before releasing them unharmed.由金先生和他的同事们收集的这些信息The information gatheredby Mr Jin and his colleagues帮助保护了200多个不同的鸟类helps to protectover 200 different species of birds这些鸟类每年都要来到这个岛屿which visit the island each year.在崇明岛正南端Just south of Chongming Island是中国最大的海边城市——lies China's largest coastal city,Shanghai. 处于一条河流生物和鸟类迁徙的路径上Situated on a major migration routefor birds as well as river life, 现在它正进行一个更大的侵袭动作Shanghai is now preparingfor an even bigger invasion.满载着建筑材料的驳船不停的到达这个城市的码头Barges loaded with building materialsconstantly arrive in the city's docks,来满足这个世界最繁忙建设之一的需要feeding one of the greatestconstruction booms in the world.去年全世界一半的水泥都运往中国的各个城市Last year, half the world's concretewas poured into China's cities,这些都是为了人类历史上最大规模的all in preparation forthe biggest mass migration of people人口迁移做准备in the history of the world.在未来25年里预计有超过3亿中国人In the next 25 years,well over 300 million people将从中国农村迁移到城市例如are predicted to move fromrural China into cities like Shanghai.从农村到城市的人类迁移The migration of peoplefrom country to city在全世界各地都可以看到is being mirrored around the world,and by 2010 到2010年超过一半的世界人口将成为城市居住者over half of the world's populationwill be urban dwellers.当夜晚来临时就会揭示它的本色As night falls,Shanghai reveals its true colours.这是中国最快增长的金融中心China's fastest-growing financial centre是这个巨大繁荣的中心is in the midst of a massive boom.其人口估计超过2千万With an estimated populationof more than 20 million, 无疑是中国最大Shanghai is officially China's largest也是最耀眼的城市and certainly its most dazzling city.但他的辉煌背后存在着环境代价But there is an environmental cost.居民使用的电力是Shanghai residents now use two anda half times more power per head郊区居民的2.5倍than their rural cousins.这个城市近乎贪得无厌的能源需求The city's seeminglyinsatiable energy demands得需要17个电厂来提供满足currently require the outputof 17 power stations.往南城市灯光逐渐暗淡South of Shanghaithe city lights gradually fade 好象我们进入了一个古老的世界as we enter an ancient world.这是省This is Fujian Province,一个崎岖的地域a rugged terrain由于花岗岩大山的护卫guarded by sheer granite mountainswhich have helped to forge and preserve 使得一些中国最古老的遗址和传统文化得以稳固并保存some of China's most ancient sitesand traditional cultures.远高出海边地带坐落着1400米高的太姥山Towering above the coast,the 1,400-metre-high Taimu Mountains是中国人熟识的“海上仙都”are known to the Chineseas "Fairyland on the Sea".潮湿的海风在寒冷的山顶凝聚Moist sea breezes condenseon the cool mountaintops并与排水良好的酸性土壤结合and combine with well-drained acid soils便形成了完美的种植环境to producethe perfect growing conditions适合喜酸性的植物——例如野杜鹃for acid-loving plantslike wild azaleas.也适宜生长山茶It's also home to camellias,including the most famous of all,包括最著名的茶树种植the tea plant.沿着沿海一带的类似种植环境Similar growing conditionsall along the Fujian coast使得中国茶叶独享其尊make this the treasure chestfor China's tea,其茶产业远可源自4000多年前the heart of an industry dating backalmost 4,000 years.这个地区最传统的茶树栽培文化One of the most traditionaltea-growing cultures in the area当数这里的客家人沿袭的is that of the Kejia people.每天清晨山羊被放养在这些茶树梯田间Every morning, goats are let looseamong the tea terraces,这是个历史悠久的传统a centuries-old tradition.看起来好象很奇怪让这些This might seem surprisinggiven goats' reputation 山羊去吃这些绿色的植物for eating anything green,不过茶树并不像看上去那样毫无设防but tea isn't as defencelessas it looks.茶叶中存在刺激性的化学成分Tea leaves are loadedwith bitter chemicals 以驱走啃食的动物designed to repel browsing animals.这对山羊很有效It works on the goats,它们只是吃光茶树外的杂草who leave the tea untouchedand instead eat up the weeds,它们的粪便恰好茶树供给了养分fertilising the tea plantswith their droppings.惊讶的是我们人类The surprise is that we humans却还没发现同样刺激性的化学鸡尾酒should find the samebitter chemical cocktail以便让人类根本不敢染指utterly irresistible.对客家人而言种植茶树是家族事业Among the Kejia people,tea-growing is a family business.女人们采摘男人门加工打包Women do the picking,while the men process and pack it.女士是一名客家家族的成员Mrs Zhang belongs to a Kejia family她们家族在这片同样的茶园that has lived and workedfor generations生活劳作了数个世代among these same tea terraces.最精良的茶叶需要在温暖的里快速采摘The finest tea needs to begathered quickly in warm sunshine这样可以让茶叶保留有茶油的香味as this brings out the flavour-enhancingoils inside the leaves.这个可持续的产业使得中国最精美的地形之一This sustainable industry has protectedone of China's finest landscapes 和最传统文化之一得以保存下来and one of its mosttraditional cultures. 在早上采摘之后At the end of the morning's picking,女士把茶叶带回家以待加工Mrs Zhang returns home to drop offher tea ready for processing.这个城堡式样的建筑在过去This fort-like designhas survived from a time 客家人得以从与敌对的当地部落势力when the Kejia needed toprotect themselves斗争中幸存下来against hostile local tribes.每个房子有3到4层Each house has three or four levels以适合50到250人居住designed to accommodate50 to 250 people.最底层是厨房和家畜使用The ground floor housesthe kitchens and animal stock同时有一条通道通向水井取水with access to a well for water.第一层房间用作储藏The first floor roomsare used for storage第二层作为寝居and the upper floors are bedrooms.这一些很非凡的建筑已有800多年历史了Some of these remarkable buildingsare 800 years old经历了地震和台风并完整的保存了下来and have survived earthquakesand typhoons.当收集一定数量茶叶时下一步加工开始了Once enough tea has been gathered in,the processing begins.把绿色茶叶变为市场销售的茶叶Turning green leaves into saleable tea最少包含8个步骤involves at leasteight different stages,包括干燥捻细筛挤压和扭拧including drying, bruising,sifting, squeezing and twisting,这些都是成品打包前必须的步骤before the finished productis finally ready for packing.女士的村庄出产“小黑龙”茶The Zhang's village produces"little black dragon",即——乌龙茶or oolong tea,其称呼源于冲泡茶叶时so called because of the wayits twisted leaves unfurl那宛如蟠龙舒展的姿态when water is poured over them.茶在客家人生活中占据着重要地位Tea plays a vital part in Kejia life, 既是一个收入来源也是一种迎宾之道not only as a source of income,but also as a way to welcome visitors 它将人们联系在一起and bring people together.在中国人传统生活中In traditional Chinese life,即使最简单的一杯茶也被赋以复杂的仪式even the simplest cup of tea is pouredwith an intricate amount of ritual. 在过去In the past,客家人的其他主要收入来自运送像茶叶一样的货物the Kejia people's other main incomecame from transporting goods like tea 穿越变幻莫测的山川和河流入口across the treacherous topographyof mountains and river estuaries.他们的运输路线在1059年变得轻松易行Their route was suddenlymade easier when, in 1059,一切归于这座名桥的建造this remarkable bridge was built.它的桥面由重达10吨的花岗岩架设而成Made from massive10-ton slabs of granite,是中国不太知名的建筑奇葩之一it is one of China's lesser-knownarchitectural gems.桥历经地震狂潮风采依旧Luoyang Bridge has withstoodearthquakes and tempestuous tides.被称为“万安渡”的Known as "10,000 ships launching",46座桥墩the bridge's 46 piers在潮水的冲刷下已经屹立的近千年have withstood time and tidefor almost a millennium.据当地传说According to folklore,桥的成功在于有远见地应用了生物工程its success is due to a far-sightedpiece of bio-engineering.在桥墩上养殖牡蛎之后Oysters were seeded on the piers利用他们的凝固物可以and ever since,their concretions have helped cement 将花岗岩胶合凝结起来the granite blocks together.如今惠安的女人们仍用传统的Today, oysters are still cultivated here 方法在这里养殖牡蛎in the traditional way by Hui'an women.屹立在桥下的泥滩之中的岩石Stones are stood in the mudflatsbelow the bridge可以使牡蛎附着生长to encourage the oysters to grow.如今当地人主要用桥来Luoyang Bridgeis now mainly used by locals运送货物穿过河口到港口去carrying goods across the estuarytowards the coastal ports.两千多年来For more than 2,000 years,中国的沿海贸易主要依靠于coastal trade in China has depended一种具有开创性卓越性能船on a remarkable andpioneering type of ship, 我们称之为舢板known to us as the junk.这艘船所用的的大众化设计This working vessel followsa general design 在已经使用了600多年that's been in use in Fujianfor at least 600 years. 船首是画上了两只大眼睛的鸟喙造型Its bows take the form of a beak,with two large painted eyes古代的航员们相信evoking the traditionalseafarers' belief鸟的形象可以使海员们平安归来that the bird's imagewould help sailors return safely,就像每年春秋回来的候鸟一样like the migrants that returneach spring and autumn.茶叶和其他货物经防水处理后储存Tea and other goodswere stored in strong bulkheads,分储在防水壁中以降低洪涝带来的损失each waterproofed and separatedfrom the next to minimise flood damage.这种保持珍贵茶叶干燥的革新措施This innovation, introducedto keep precious tea cargos dry,不仅改进了中国的船只spurred on the improvementof not only Chinese boats, 还改进了西方的船只but Western ones, too.舢板上独特的索具The distinctive rigging ofthe junk's sails使得它在恶劣的天气下也容易操纵allows easy handling in bad weather,这在风暴肆虐的海边至关重要essential alongthis storm-battered coast.台风一词源于“大风”的谐音Each year from July to November,up to a dozen typhoons,每年7至11月成批的台风a corruption of the Chinese wordfor "great wind", 朝西北方向席卷中国而来head northwest towards China.全球像二氧化碳这样的温室气体的增加Typhoons are becoming more frequentas sea temperatures rise,使得海的温度升高aided by a global increasein greenhouse gases,台风也因此变得更加频繁such as carbon dioxide.但卫星图片却显示了一个令人惊讶的转变But satellite pictures have revealeda surprising twist.台风好像可以将深处富含营养的海水It seems that typhoons can pulldeep, nutrient-rich seawater带到表面使得浮游生物繁荣繁衍up to the surface causing plankton blooms, 而他们又可以吸收大量的二氧化碳which in turn soak uplarge quantities of carbon dioxide.当台风袭来时When a typhoon strikes,因其遮蔽的停泊所one of the best places to beis Hong Kong harbour而成为最正确泊地之一with its sheltered anchorage.作为一个国际贸易中心A centre of international trade,她以参差错落的摩天大楼the city is famousfor its jumble of skyscrapers 和熙攘拥挤的商业中心闻名and its bustling commercial centre.但还有鲜为人知的一面But there's a side to Hong Kongthat's less well known. 在这个盲目扩的城市之中Behind the urban sprawl坐落着一片湿地lies a swathe of wetlands其中就包括米埔野生动物保护区which include the Mai Po Nature Reserve. 保护区主要用于保护候鸟Managed principally for the benefitof migrating birds,此外还保存着许多传统的虾塘the reserve maintains a seriesof traditional prawn farms,也就是基围known as gei wais,还有毗邻的红树林和泥滩and their adjoining mangrovesand mudflats.从11月到3月份每两周Every two weeks from November to March,就会打开一个基围塘的水闸排水one of the gei wais is drainedby opening up the sluice gates.随着水位下降鸟儿们开始聚集As the water level falls,birds begin to gather.苍鹭白鹭和鸬鹚Herons, egrets and cormorants。

生态翻译学视角下城市形象宣传片英译研究--以武汉市形象宣传片《大城崛起》为例

生态翻译学视角下城市形象宣传片英译研究--以武汉市形象宣传片《大城崛起》为例黄书君【摘要】Chinese city promotional videos are presented on Western mainstream media successively in recent years .Higher quality translationof city promotional videos will contribute to building positive city images and spreading the city spirits .Based on Wuhan city promotional video The Rise of a Great City ,this thesis attempts to make a tentative study on its translation within the theoretical framework of eco‐transla‐tology ,appreciating and analyzing its translation from three dimensional transformation ,which includes the dimension of language ,the dimensionof culture and the dimension of communication .It is helpful to ex‐plorethe new perspective of the study on the translation of the urbanimage ,and further demonstrate the scope of application of eco‐translatology .%近年来，中国的城市形象宣传片陆续在西方主流媒体播出。

中国国家形象宣传片(英文字幕)

2003年10月，中国人第一次从外太空亲眼看到了自己的国家，那数千年的神话和畅想，变成了真实的注视In October 2003, the first Chinese citizen saw his homeland from outer space and the mythology and dreams of thousands of years became a reality.那些关于地球是个家园的歌颂关于自己在漫长历史里生存下来的骄傲这时刻比别的时候更加清晰具体Our songs of how the earth is our garden and our pride in surving our long history suddenly became more vid and clear.xxCHINA我们是谁Who are the Chinese?我们在想什么What makes us who we are?早在创造中国历史的这一刻之前，中国人也从未中断过从其他角度审视自己的国家But even before this momentous chapter in our history, Chinese people have always regarded themselves from multi-faceted angles.传统是一种背负还是一种推动发展的动力Is tradition a burden or kind of a driving force for development?文化的传承是太受到关注，还是太漫不经心Do we take our cultural heritage too seriously or not seriously enough?你看到的是冲突还是融合，是回忆还是未来？Do you see conflict or fusion, nostalgia or visions of the future？Opening the door with confidence开放而有自信30年前，一扇世界上最的的窗户打开了……这个国家，旋即迎接了令人眼花缭乱的变化In 1979, China opened the biggest window in the world to the outside and China suddenly dazzled people with the panorama of change.或许有人认为，在这样巨大的物质和信息刺激下，想保持镇定都非常困难Some may argue under such huge material and mental stimulation, it would be hard to maintain equilibrium.在我心目中，中国是一个包容性非常强的国家In my mind, China is a country that has very strong inclusiveness.她是一个很有文化的一个国家She is a country with rich culture.又有历史的沧桑感，但是又在日新月异的变化着She has a long history, but also changes everyday..但是接下来30年间发生的事情，却让全世界都看到一个有着悠久历史底蕴的文化在面临全新变革之时，能够展现出怎样的包容性和应变能力But after 30 years, the world has seen how much China’s profound history and cultural essence has given, lead us to flexibility and unity when facing fast transformation.(xx WTO谈判xx首席代表)：加入世贸以后，整个国力的增强使得中国人更加自信，也更加开放After China’s accession to the WTO,Chinese people are getting more and more confident because of the increasing national strength.人们不得不承认，中国在和全世界接轨的同时，保持着自己鲜明的特色Observers must admit in its meeting with the world, China has preserved its own special character. 30年开放，30年面对新事物而勇敢无畏，自信地选择着适合自己国情和民情的发展道路。

舌尖上的中国第一部字幕

舌尖上的中国第一部字幕100:00:57,640 --> 00:00:59,759China has a large population200:01:00,200 --> 00:01:01,119and the richest and most variednatural landscapes300:01:01,320 --> 00:01:03,639in the world.400:01:04,280 --> 00:01:05,039 Plateaus,500:01:05,320 --> 00:01:06,039forests,600:01:06,520 --> 00:01:07,279lakes,700:01:07,760 --> 00:01:08,679 coastlines,800:01:10,480 --> 00:01:12,919These various geographical features and climate conditions900:01:13,200 --> 00:01:15,481have helped to formand preserve widely different species.1000:01:16,400 --> 00:01:18,119No other country has so many1100:01:18,400 --> 00:01:21,199potential food sources as China.1200:01:27,800 --> 00:01:29,239By collecting,1300:01:30,200 --> 00:01:31,079 fetching,1400:01:32,600 --> 00:01:33,399 digging,1500:01:34,560 --> 00:01:35,361hunting and fishing,1600:01:35,920 --> 00:01:38,639 people have acquired abundant gifts from nature.1700:01:41,800 --> 00:01:43,200 Traveling through the four seasons,1800:01:43,560 --> 00:01:45,599we'll discover a storyabout nature and the people1900:01:46,040 --> 00:01:47,799 behind delicious foods.2000:01:49,520 --> 00:01:51,439A Gift of Nature2100:01:54,160 --> 00:01:55,519 Shangri-la, Yunnan2200:01:55,840 --> 00:01:58,399In the ancient forest nestledby snowy mountains2300:02:01,520 --> 00:02:03,479the air is wet and cool in the rainy season.2400:02:03,800 --> 00:02:04,919(Shangri-la, Yunnan)2500:02:07,680 --> 00:02:10,279It's not easy2600:02:10,720 --> 00:02:13,559to catch up with Danzhen Zhuoma2700:02:13,840 --> 00:02:15,120in the forest of pines and oaks.2800:02:23,200 --> 00:02:24,839Zhuoma and her mother are looking2900:02:25,160 --> 00:02:26,799for an elf-like food.3000:02:32,160 --> 00:02:34,799Zhuoma has found matsutakeunder the pine needles.3100:02:35,640 --> 00:02:37,279It is a precious and edible fungus,3200:02:38,240 --> 00:02:39,959only surviving in certain high-altitude mountain areas3300:02:40,280 --> 00:02:42,119that are free of pollution.3400:02:44,480 --> 00:02:46,759We can usually only find3500:02:47,040 --> 00:02:48,319one matsutake per kilometer.3600:02:49,960 --> 00:02:51,599Danzhen Zhuoma3700:02:52,560 --> 00:02:54,679It's canopy has already opened.3800:02:54,960 --> 00:02:55,839It's not a good one.3900:02:57,600 --> 00:02:58,959 Matsutake yields were once high,4000:02:59,200 --> 00:03:00,080but the price was low.4100:03:00,400 --> 00:03:01,479Its production has fallen this year,4200:03:01,760 --> 00:03:02,841while the price has surged.4300:03:04,240 --> 00:03:07,239 Matsutake is expensive.4400:03:09,120 --> 00:03:10,799At restaurants in the big cities,4500:03:11,040 --> 00:03:14,199a dish of roast matsutake costs 1,600 yuan.4600:03:16,760 --> 00:03:19,359Matsutake has an intense scent.4700:03:21,680 --> 00:03:22,801After being lightly roasted,4800:03:23,000 --> 00:03:25,919its spicy, mineral-like fragrance floats out.4900:03:27,240 --> 00:03:28,559People who live far from nature5000:03:28,840 --> 00:03:30,681regard the matsutake as some kind of treasure.5100:03:39,720 --> 00:03:41,719Jidi Village sits in the center5200:03:42,000 --> 00:03:43,880of the matsutake production area in Shangri-la.5300:03:45,000 --> 00:03:46,079It's already empty5400:03:46,320 --> 00:03:47,879before 3 a.m.5500:03:49,800 --> 00:03:51,639Villagers who are able to climb mountains5600:03:51,880 --> 00:03:55,279are out searching for the amazing mushroom.5700:03:58,320 --> 00:03:59,599If we are late,5800:03:59,880 --> 00:04:00,799the others won't leave us a chance.5900:04:01,200 --> 00:04:02,439We won't find any matsutake,6000:04:03,000 --> 00:04:04,920because the others will havehad picked them all.6100:04:07,640 --> 00:04:10,199Zhuoma and her mother will hike6200:04:10,520 --> 00:04:12,839to the ancient forest 20 kilometers away.6300:04:21,680 --> 00:04:23,999Even to the villagers familiar with the forest,6400:04:24,240 --> 00:04:27,199to find matsutake is completely by luck.6500:04:29,160 --> 00:04:31,959High grade matsutake hides deep in the earth.6600:04:34,240 --> 00:04:35,559The mother is looking for a pit6700:04:35,920 --> 00:04:37,239she concealed two days ago.6800:04:39,120 --> 00:04:40,199Under the earth,6900:04:40,440 --> 00:04:42,279a new matsutake is growing.7000:04:42,680 --> 00:04:45,359But it's small due to a lack of rain.7100:04:50,520 --> 00:04:52,321Mother cares more about looking for matsutake7200:04:52,560 --> 00:04:53,679than her own health.7300:04:54,080 --> 00:04:55,080I'm a little worried that7400:04:55,280 --> 00:04:57,121one day she might faint while in the mountain.7500:04:57,800 --> 00:04:59,359She is getting old.7600:05:06,600 --> 00:05:07,919Yak butter fried matsutake7700:05:08,240 --> 00:05:10,079is common in the matsutake production area.7800:05:11,640 --> 00:05:14,279Melt yak butter in a black clay pan,7900:05:15,160 --> 00:05:16,959then add the slices of matsutake.8000:05:19,360 --> 00:05:22,159The slices are dried rapidly in hot oil,8100:05:22,720 --> 00:05:23,920and the fragrance is released.8200:05:29,440 --> 00:05:31,639Such luxurious food materials8300:05:32,000 --> 00:05:33,519need only to be cooked simply.8400:05:39,200 --> 00:05:41,599Tibetans didn't like matsutake before,8500:05:42,120 --> 00:05:43,519because of its strange taste.8600:05:43,800 --> 00:05:46,119Matsutake used to be very cheap,8700:05:46,880 --> 00:05:47,959but recent years,8800:05:48,200 --> 00:05:49,679its price has shot up.8900:05:51,320 --> 00:05:53,279To earn 10,000 yuan in one summer,9000:05:53,520 --> 00:05:56,159herdsmen have to work hard in the rainy season.9100:06:00,760 --> 00:06:03,679Matsutake prices are strictly based on grades.9200:06:04,280 --> 00:06:06,200The Matsutake products are dividedinto 48 grades9300:06:06,400 --> 00:06:09,279before being sold.9400:06:11,080 --> 00:06:12,479This one can be rated as Grade 1.9500:06:13,360 --> 00:06:15,239It's quite good and big.9600:06:16,080 --> 00:06:18,479Matsutake can keep fresh for 3 days at most,9700:06:19,480 --> 00:06:21,239so merchants process it as delicately9800:06:21,440 --> 00:06:23,599and as quickly as possible.9900:06:31,040 --> 00:06:31,880A matsutake like this10000:06:32,200 --> 00:06:34,039can be originally purchased for 80 yuan.10100:06:34,840 --> 00:06:36,159And 6 hours later,10200:06:36,480 --> 00:06:38,279it will appear at a super market in Tokyo10300:06:38,520 --> 00:06:40,679priced at 700 yuan.10400:06:47,720 --> 00:06:49,199Zhuoma is waiting with the crowds.10500:06:49,440 --> 00:06:51,559She is anxious10600:06:51,840 --> 00:06:53,280because her matsutake isn't so good.10700:06:55,760 --> 00:06:57,999Others reaped much more matsutake than I did,10800:06:58,240 --> 00:07:00,599so I'm quite uneasy and anxious.10900:07:17,160 --> 00:07:19,040Over the past day, Zhuoma and her mother walked11000:07:19,080 --> 00:07:21,639for 11 hours in the mountain,11100:07:21,960 --> 00:07:23,639but earned very little.11200:07:27,440 --> 00:07:29,239After the rainy season,11300:07:29,480 --> 00:07:31,679all the matsutake will be gone.11400:07:36,040 --> 00:07:38,759The family looks forwardto a lucky day tomorrow.11500:08:05,360 --> 00:08:07,159There are only two seasons in Yunnan,11600:08:07,400 --> 00:08:08,879rainy season and dry season.11700:08:11,400 --> 00:08:13,479Every year starting from November,11800:08:13,800 --> 00:08:15,319dry and warm winds rise on the land,11900:08:15,520 --> 00:08:17,479blowing hard for the next six months.12000:08:18,160 --> 00:08:19,399Not until the end of May,12100:08:19,640 --> 00:08:22,239will rain fall upon Shangri-lain Diqing Prefecture.12200:08:24,960 --> 00:08:28,159Mushrooms in the ancient forest12300:08:28,440 --> 00:08:30,001begin to shoot up after the heavy rain.12400:08:31,120 --> 00:08:32,559But only matsutake12500:08:32,880 --> 00:08:34,481is of interest to Zhuoma and her mother.12600:08:41,560 --> 00:08:43,879Heavy rain is a gift from nature.12700:08:44,600 --> 00:08:46,199Everyone works hard,12800:08:46,400 --> 00:08:49,279but fortune brings Zhuoma a better harvest.12900:08:52,680 --> 00:08:54,039After digging up the matsutake,13000:08:54,600 --> 00:08:56,679Zhuoma conceals the pit13100:08:56,920 --> 00:08:58,359with pine needles.13200:08:59,120 --> 00:08:59,879Only in this way13300:09:00,120 --> 00:09:01,759can the hypha be preserved.13400:09:03,160 --> 00:09:05,399To ensure sustainable yields,13500:09:05,680 --> 00:09:08,199Tibetans follow the law of the forest.13600:09:12,680 --> 00:09:14,959 Matsutake is unique in flavor.13700:09:15,440 --> 00:09:18,199It became a popular delicacy just 30 years ago.13800:09:20,400 --> 00:09:22,359On the menu of traditional Chinese cuisine,13900:09:22,640 --> 00:09:26,559there is another dainty foodgrowing in mountains.14000:09:29,400 --> 00:09:32,119The cubes of fresh winter bamboo shoots,14100:09:34,680 --> 00:09:35,880after being cooked in deep fat14200:09:36,720 --> 00:09:38,680with various spices,will be a widely popular dish14300:09:42,200 --> 00:09:45,359in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces.14400:09:53,560 --> 00:09:54,479In China,14500:09:55,000 --> 00:09:57,399many people rely on bamboo forests.14600:09:58,400 --> 00:10:00,399They are also bamboo shoot experts.14700:10:04,080 --> 00:10:06,159Mao Bamboo needs to be planted14800:10:06,360 --> 00:10:09,479away from mulberries and pines,14900:10:09,800 --> 00:10:11,799 otherwise they won't grow well15000:10:12,120 --> 00:10:13,159or produce bamboo shoots.15100:10:16,640 --> 00:10:18,159Bao is a Zhejiang native.15200:10:18,880 --> 00:10:20,159The biggest-ever bamboo shoot in Suichang15300:10:20,400 --> 00:10:22,679was harvested in his bamboo forest.15400:10:24,800 --> 00:10:26,759The winter bamboo shoot hides in the earth,15500:10:27,200 --> 00:10:29,399and is hard to find on the surface.15600:10:32,320 --> 00:10:34,999But Bao can easily locate the bamboo shoot15700:10:36,120 --> 00:10:38,279by only observing the color of bamboo leaves.15800:10:44,120 --> 00:10:47,119Under the lifeless earth,15900:10:47,480 --> 00:10:48,959a bamboo shoot is silently growing.00:10:52,640 --> 00:10:55,599The winter bamboo shoot is seasonal and hard to preserve.16100:10:56,080 --> 00:10:58,039After being peeled,16200:10:58,280 --> 00:11:00,199it leaves little left to be cooked.16300:11:02,480 --> 00:11:03,959 Chinese chefs love it16400:11:04,240 --> 00:11:06,039 because it is single-grained,16500:11:06,600 --> 00:11:08,919able to easily absorb the flavorof added garnishes.16600:11:12,400 --> 00:11:14,519In particular, it can help attaina flavor balance00:11:14,760 --> 00:11:16,400when being cooked with greasy fatty meat.16800:11:25,840 --> 00:11:27,641Bao always looks for 4-year-old bamboo plants16900:11:27,800 --> 00:11:29,879before locating bamboo shoots.17000:11:30,080 --> 00:11:31,480Digging along the subterranean stem17100:11:35,080 --> 00:11:38,919and picking the shoots gently are necessary to prevent the roots from being harmed.17200:11:50,000 --> 00:11:52,519Covered with earth,17300:11:53,280 --> 00:11:54,760the harvested shoots can be preserved17400:11:55,200 --> 00:11:56,759for over two weeks in a natural way.17500:12:02,280 --> 00:12:04,1991,500 kilometers southwest17600:12:04,640 --> 00:12:06,959of eastern Zhejiang,17700:12:07,600 --> 00:12:09,759a lush summer falls on a bamboo forest in Liuzhou.17800:12:10,760 --> 00:12:12,239 (Liuzhou, Guangxi)17900:12:13,160 --> 00:12:14,799Guangxi native Ye Yaliang18000:12:15,520 --> 00:12:18,559 manages a bamboo forest that produces large, sweet bamboo shoots.18100:12:23,040 --> 00:12:26,519The most tender bamboo shoots18200:12:26,800 --> 00:12:28,359can be harvested between18300:12:29,320 --> 00:12:31,479mid-June and mid-September.18400:12:32,400 --> 00:12:36,239Bamboo shoots will solidify shortlyafter breaking through the soil.18500:12:36,840 --> 00:12:39,879They turn old and bitter if not dug up in time.18600:12:41,600 --> 00:12:43,959Ye's forest yields the rhizome shootthat grows in summer.18700:12:44,640 --> 00:12:46,519It's not as tender as the winter bamboo shoot,18800:12:47,560 --> 00:12:49,239but it is the main ingredient18900:12:49,480 --> 00:12:51,679for making Liuzhou Sour Bamboo Shoot.19000:12:56,840 --> 00:12:59,599Sour Bamboo Shoot is made under the guidance of an ancestral recipe.19100:12:59,920 --> 00:13:01,039I'm the eldest grandson,19200:13:01,440 --> 00:13:03,799so I've inherited the cooking skill.19300:13:08,760 --> 00:13:11,001Braised yellow croakerwith soybean and sour bamboo shoot19400:13:11,480 --> 00:13:13,239has an authentic Guangxi flavor.19500:13:14,200 --> 00:13:17,199Deep-fry tiny yellow croakers first,19600:13:18,040 --> 00:13:20,520then cook them with soybeansand the sour bamboo shoots in oil.19700:13:21,360 --> 00:13:23,679The dish is a great appetizer.19800:13:31,920 --> 00:13:32,879The sour bamboo shoot is also an ingredient19900:13:33,160 --> 00:13:35,159for cooking Snail Rice-flour Noodles,20000:13:35,520 --> 00:13:37,479a local snack in Liuzhou.20100:13:46,280 --> 00:13:47,679Ye's sweet bamboo shoots20200:13:47,960 --> 00:13:49,839have reached a respiration peak20300:13:50,920 --> 00:13:53,639two hours after being reaped.20400:13:54,960 --> 00:13:56,119Four hours later,20500:13:56,320 --> 00:13:59,199they will begin to soften and rot.20600:14:01,200 --> 00:14:03,759Ye and his family work faster.20700:14:12,960 --> 00:14:14,399Every day, Ye checks the jarscontaining sour bamboo shoots20800:14:14,760 --> 00:14:16,719before going to sleep.20900:14:17,320 --> 00:14:18,199(Ye Yaliang)21000:14:18,440 --> 00:14:20,799Under the lamp, he checks the processed shoots. 21100:14:22,480 --> 00:14:24,919His son says there will be customers tomorrow.21200:14:25,560 --> 00:14:28,479But the shoots won't be readyfor another 3 days.21300:14:29,360 --> 00:14:31,319Ye plans to turn away the customers.21400:14:39,160 --> 00:14:42,679Bao is cooking soup with winter bamboo shoots.21500:14:44,000 --> 00:14:47,239The salted pork and bamboo shoots,21600:14:48,040 --> 00:14:49,919with a half-and-half proportion,21700:14:50,160 --> 00:14:51,560will be fried before being simmered21800:14:52,320 --> 00:14:55,479in soup stock.21900:14:55,720 --> 00:14:56,920The two flavors melt together.22000:14:58,120 --> 00:15:01,199 Originally, the soup, Pickled Tuk Fresh,22100:15:01,800 --> 00:15:03,359was cooked with Spring bamboo shoots.22200:15:05,360 --> 00:15:07,440But Bao has instead usedSuichang winter bamboo shoot22300:15:08,000 --> 00:15:10,999that is 20 times more expensive.22400:15:11,320 --> 00:15:12,479In his eyes,22500:15:12,720 --> 00:15:15,279the vegetables are common22600:15:15,560 --> 00:15:16,799in his bamboo forest.22700:15:19,880 --> 00:15:21,279Every lunar February,22800:15:21,480 --> 00:15:23,479the spring bamboo shootsucceeds the winter shoot22900:15:23,880 --> 00:15:26,239as the main ingredient for making the soup.23000:15:28,440 --> 00:15:31,319Besides fresh food materials,23100:15:32,080 --> 00:15:34,319some spices used to season delicacies23200:15:34,560 --> 00:15:36,159also come from nature.233。

跨文化语境下的国家形象塑造与传播以中国《国家形象》宣传片为例

跨文化语境下的国家形象塑造与传播以中国《国家形象》宣传片为例一、本文概述在全球化的今天，国家形象塑造与传播在跨文化语境下显得尤为重要。

这不仅关系到国家的国际地位，更直接影响着其在国际事务中的影响力和话语权。

本文将以中国《国家形象》宣传片为例，深入探讨跨文化语境下国家形象塑造与传播的策略与实践。

文章首先将对国家形象的概念进行界定，明确其在国际交流中的作用；分析《国家形象》宣传片的制作背景与目的，探讨其如何通过影像语言展现中国的国家形象；再次，文章将重点分析该宣传片在跨文化语境下的传播策略，包括其如何针对不同受众群体进行差异化传播，以及如何利用新媒体平台进行广泛而深入的推广；文章将总结《国家形象》宣传片在塑造与传播中国国家形象方面的成功经验与不足，并提出相应的改进建议，以期对未来的国家形象塑造与传播实践提供有益的参考。

二、跨文化语境下的国家形象塑造与传播在全球化的大背景下，国家形象的塑造与传播日益受到重视。

跨文化语境下的国家形象塑造与传播，更是成为了一个复杂而又重要的议题。

这不仅涉及到国家内部的文化认同和价值观念，更需要在国际舞台上与其他文化进行有效的交流和对话。

以中国《国家形象》宣传片为例，这部影片巧妙地融合了中国的传统文化、现代发展成就以及未来愿景，通过影像的力量，向全世界展现了一个立体、多维度的中国形象。

影片中的长城、京剧、书法等元素，是中国传统文化的代表，展现了中华民族悠久的历史和深厚的文化底蕴。

同时，影片也展示了中国在科技、经济、社会等方面的巨大进步和成就，反映了中国现代化建设的成果。

然而，跨文化语境下的国家形象塑造并非简单的文化元素的堆砌和展示。

更重要的是，如何将这些元素以合适的方式呈现给不同文化背景的受众，实现有效的跨文化交流。

这要求我们在塑造和传播国家形象时，要充分了解目标受众的文化背景、价值观念和接受习惯，以恰当的方式传递信息，避免误解和冲突。

在传播策略上，中国《国家形象》宣传片采用了国际化的制作团队和叙事方式，以全球性的视角和语言，向全世界传递中国的声音和形象。

国家形象宣传片《中国一分钟·地方篇》的成功因素

国家形象宣传片《中国一分钟·地方篇》的成功因素孟妤为庆祝改革开放40周年，从2018年10月1日起，人民日报社新媒体中心与中央网信办移动网络管理局合作，联动各地，推出《中国一分钟·地方篇》系列微视频。

视频以“一分钟”为维度，全方位呈现祖国的山河魅力，突出地域特色与风土人情，展示各地改革开放发展成果。

目前已播出了黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、四川、湖北、西藏、云南等多地视频。

截至2019年2月25日，新浪微博#中国一分钟#的话题阅读量超过9.4亿人次，参与讨论达46.8万次。

本文将在符号学视域下，解析国家形象宣传片《中国一分钟·地方篇》(后文简称《地方篇》)，分别从其文本构成和符号传播两个角度阐释该宣传片的亮点，并总结国家形象宣传片的成功要素。

一、《地方篇》的文本构成特点符号很少会单独出现，一般总是与其他符号形成组合，如果这样的符号组成一个“合一的表意单元”，就可以称为“文本”。

任何一个文本都会携带大量的社会约定和联系，这些约定和联系往往不显现于文本之中，而只是被文本“顺便”携带着。

[1]（一）快：以“一分钟”为维度的文本风格本次国家形象宣传片一改以往宏观叙事的风格，从微观着手，以 “一分钟”为切入口，以大化小，将宏观数据一一拆解，具象到每一分钟。

一句话说一件事，一件事体现一个现象一分钟的发展变化。

每个视频基本都控制在3分钟之内，而每件事也就只有5秒钟左右的镜头表现。

以“一分钟”为维度，用短时间内的变化来呈现“快”的文本风格。

另外，数据符号的使用弥补了单纯文字表达过于抽象的不足，尤其是在展现中国经济发展的时候，“一分钟”内的数据表达更具有说服力和感染力，从微观层面为受众呈现了一个经济高速发展的中国。

《浦东一分钟》里“一分钟，上海证交所股票成交8.73亿元；一分钟，沪港通成交2422万元；一分钟，每平方公里金融业增加值424元……”“一分钟”的“短”时间概念，与“8.73亿元”“2422万元”“424元”这些“大”数据概念形成强烈对比，为受众展现了一个经济上突飞猛进、瞬息万变的浦东新区。

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中国国家形象宣传片(英文字幕)In October 2003, the first Chinese citizen saw his homeland from outer space and the mythology and dreams of thousands of years became a reality.2003年10月，中国人第一次从外太空亲眼看到了自己的国家，那数千年的神话和畅想，变成了真实的注视Our songs of how the earth is our garden and our pride in surviving our long history suddenly became more vivid and clear.那些关于地球是个家园的歌颂关于自己在漫长历史里生存下来的骄傲这时刻比别的时候更加清晰具体中国CHINAWho are the Chinese? 我们是谁What makes us who we are? 我们在想什么年来多次海内外专业机构的调研都可以显示，民众信心指数一项，中国多次排在世界第一。

Several respective international polls rank us No.1 in terms of public confidence in the future.自信的背后，是GDP的支持，还是千年文明的底气，还是亿万份努力的投入？Is this confidence underpinned by GDP growth or thousands of years of culture or the efforts of many millions of people? 相信不用太久中国就会交出答案。

We believe China will deliver an answer before too long.Growth with sustainability增长而能持续早在两千多年前，中国的哲人孟子就提出了不要过度捕捞鱼虾，这样才可以不断得到鱼虾；要按严格的时令进山伐木，这样才能有利于森林的生长。

Over two thousands of years ago, the great Chinese philosopher Mencius observed, “a refraining fr om overfishing will ensure fishing last forever, and alsocutting wood according to the season ensures healthier forest.”这类思想，如今被称作循环经济Such century-resulted wisdom now goes by the name “sustainable development”在今天的中国，你可以看见GDP 的增长，收入的增长，甚至梦想的增长。

In China today, you can see GDP increasing, personal income increasing, and with that the increase of peop le’s dreams. 也可以看到更多人享受着教育的增长You can also see people sharing the increase in educational opportunities.中国近几年教育发展的可以用天翻地覆来形容Recently ,the development of Chinese education is amazing在逐步的完成从应试教育到素质教育的转变。

The exam-oriented education is changing to quality-oriented education step by step.我们的教学越来越丰富，我们的孩子得到的教育也越来越多元化。

It will be more andmore kinds of method for teaching and our children will get diversified education能源的增长，以及责任心的增长。

As energy needs have increased, so has China’s international environmental responsibility. 中国人已经懂得，任何增长也不值得拿牺牲自己美丽的家园和后代的未来来换。

Chinese people know that our beautiful country and our children’s futures are too high a price to pay for economic growth.Development with sharing发展而能共享很难说出这是欧洲的什么地方吧A leading European city? 这里是上海。

I t’s actually Shanghai. 出现在中国街头的外国人中，游客正在被大批真正在中国生活和工作的外籍人士所取代。

In China today, foreign professionals are arriving with tourists to be the largest overseas group.(M)我因为商业贸易每年来中国两次，感受到中国人都非常好……I came here twice a year for businesses, and feel Chinese people are very nice...(M)我们现在生活在身边的外国人越来越多了……I've been in China and studied in university. There are many opportunities in business...(M) 中国的每一个部分，你都能看到这样不同的文化，我认为这是亚洲最好的地方……Every part of China, you have like different culture, I think it is the best place in Asia...(M) 感觉现在生活在身边的外国人越来越多了……The number of foreign people around us is increasing. (F)中国现在已经很国际化了……China has been very international...尤其是在北京奥运会、上海世博会以及广州亚运会的促动下，越来越多的外籍人士正在把中国作为自己事业的新起点The Beijing Olympics, the Shanghai Expo, the Guangzhou Asian Games, the fact that more and more foreigners are starting their careers in China.(曾子墨知名主持人)在奥运会期间，我想全世界的中国人，无论生活在地球的哪个角落，你都会觉得特别的自豪。

(Zeng Zimo Well-known television host) During Olympic Games, I think every Chinese who live all over the whole world no matter where ever you live which corner of the earth, you will be proud of being a Chinese.经济发展的成果还使中国得以更好的担当世界公民的使命。

As such the results of sustained economic developmenthave all enhanced our growing status on the world stage. 而在国内，阶层之间如何共享国家的发展，则被当做稳定社会的第一要务来思考和实践。

Sharing the fruits of development among the different sectors of society has been our first priority in our thoughts and actions. 在北京，农民工的孩子现在拥有了自己的班级甚至学校。

In Beijing, migrant workers’children have their own special educational arrangements. 发展利益的合理分享将不懈的被追求下去。

Sharing the benefits of growth in a reasonable way is an unwavering goal we must pursue.(M) 我们国家现在正在提倡走城乡一体化的道路……Our country is encouraging the urban-rural integration...(M) 各个阶层都能享受国家的福利……All levels of the society can enjoy the benefits from government...(M) 社会保障制度也越来越完善……Social insurance system is also improving... Multiculturalism with shared prosperity多元而能共荣While living some 5.000 km apart, the55 ethnic minorities in the far North, South, East, West of China, over thousands of years, have mixed with Han culture and added to our cultural richness and diversity. Our new-found prosperity has given minorities more choices to enhance traditional lifestyles and increase mobility and communication. Minorities enjoy relative liberal regulations allowing them to pass their unique heritage on to their children. Such unique freedom further adds to our country’s rich cultural diversity and odditiously blends the imaginations of east and west, ancient and modern.Painting, sculpture, music, architecture, movies, Chinese arts are unified by a clear national identity. China is more encouraging of unique individuals and styles. Such diversity is the corner stone of our brave and open-minded future.Freedom with responsibilityChina today is home to 780.000.000 mobile phone users and 420.000.000 Internet users. And everyday many millions communicate and express themselves to a modern technology. Chinese netizens are becoming accustomed to influencing regional and global opinions.From all over the globe, Chinese netizens are showing their instant compassion and eagerness to strengthen the society by helping those most in need.Our people’s optimism and generosity is born of huge loyalty and love for their country.Expanding democracy with stable authorityUnderstanding a little of Chinesehistory shows that recent years have involved compression or even skipping over important stages of development. Heroes of China have always struggled during complex stages of development to build democracy. It’s not hard to imagine how hard this has been. Today around 900.000.000 people in the Chinese countryside enjoy village voting rights. The world applauds such training for democracy. After all, before flourishing nationally, free elections must begin at the village level. The National People’s Congress remains China’s supreme legislate body. Since the late 1970s, far fair and more transparent margin elections have been used to elect NPC delegates. Here the most important decisions in the country are made.This is China’s period of greatest change. A proper legal framework is starting to replace the habit of personalrelationships as the principle weapon andd efense the people’s interests.Economic differences with mutual respectDuring an economic takeoff, difference between rich and poor can sometimes be seen. Is this something Chinese should worry about? Much Chinese new wealth calls a rags-to -riches story.And people remember, not so long ago, they had only a dream in their pocket. People can transform from poverty to richness in a single day but it will never change the respect and love between people. And everyone who has a dream deserves respect. Improved living conditions ensure everyone can contribute to public service initiatives.Prosperity with prudenceChinese people are shifting from being consumers of materials to non-material goods. Besides buying cars and houses, people are buying a modern life style.As saving money has long been a national virtue, China can back its development with strong financial reserves. When celebrating C hina’s 60th anniversary, the government also demonstrated the value of thrifty. The Shanghai Expo is similarly leading the way in recycling.Chinese people understand future happiness must be built on the foundation of the past. Chinese people have never cherished their cultural heritage more than today, nor felt more its lingering charm which is why after so many generations we are still here. From tradition to revelation, inspired by the future, Chinese people are creating an even newer way of thinking:building this generation’s new common spirit.。

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