(完整版)同位语从句与定语从句的区别(很经典的区别,有配套练习与答案)

一、复习定语从句

1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。

2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2)去掉从句主句仍是一个统统的句子。

3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。

4.引导词：1）关系代词：

a)在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。

b)分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定), that（主，宾）先行词为物：which(主，宾), that（主，宾）,whose（定）eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister.This is the book which I bought yesterday.

c)关系代词在从句xx宾语常常省略。

2）关系副词：a)在从句xx状语。

b)分为：when , where, why

eg：He came last night when I was out.

新内容：

1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词

I can’t stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.

His mother did all she could to help him with his study.

2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。

The news that our team has won the game was true.

The news that he told me yesterday was true.

3.引导词: a.同为that引导：同从中，that不充任任何成分，不可省;定从中，that作主，宾。作宾语时可省。同从引导词表疑问，定从不表疑问

I have no idea what has happened to him.

I remember the day when he told me that he loved me.

一，单选。

rmation has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admittedinto universities.

A. while

B. that

C. when

D. as

2.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is theinformation ____ has been put forward.

A. what

B. that

C. when

D. as

3.She heard a terrible noise,____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)

A. it

B. which

C. this

D. that

4.I can“t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.

A. it

B. which

C. this

D. that

二，指出同位语从句和定语从句，并翻译指定的句子。

1.The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.(同位语从句)（翻译）

2.We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句)（翻译）

3.Word came that he had been abroad. (同位语从句)

4. The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help theother groups. (定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省

6.His mother did all she could to help him with his study. (定语从句,代词all作先行词?)

7.The news that our team has won the game was true. (同位语从句,补充说明news到底是一个什么消息?)（翻译）

8.The news that he told me yesterday was true. (定语从句,news在从句中作told的宾语?)

9.I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich. (同位语从句,补充说明promise到底是一个什么诺言?)

10.The mother made a promise that pleased all her children. (定语从句,promise 在从句中作pleased的主语?)（翻译）

1.析：答案为B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的内容，且Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：

2.析：答案为B。that has been put forward为information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。

3.析：答案为B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：

4.析：答案为D。she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的内容，且the terrible noise不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。