职称英语考试常见问题解答
职称英语考试常见问题
解答
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职称英语考试常见问题解答
1、职称英语考试由谁主办
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。凡晋升、聘任专业技术职务，其级别属专业技术职务试行条例中规定需具备一定外语水平的专业技术人员，及过去参加国家统一的中级专业技术资格考试（会计师、经济师、统计师、审计师），成绩合格，已取得专业技术资格的专业技术人员应参加职称外语等级考试。
2、问：报职称英语考试时，如何区分综合类、理工类和卫生类
答：职称英语考试分综合类、理工类和卫生类，三类考试在词汇量上各有侧重，但在真正考试过程中，大部分考题是重复的，因此，考生不必太在意类别的区别，一般只需要具备公共英语的一些基本知识，就完全可以应付这三类考试。原则上考生报综合、理工、卫生中的任何一类都是可以的，一般是考过经济师、会计师的，就可以报考综合类的，考过造价师、监理师或建造师的一些工程技术类的，可以报考理工类。详细分类及级别请参考《职称外语考试级别划分及适用范围》，考生可以结合自身情况及单位规定进行报考。
3、问：如果准考证丢失，该如何补办
答：考生如果在领到准考证后，因各种原因而丢失，应及时与所报名的区县人事局科干科、区县考试中心或报名院校取得联系，并将丢失原因及补办准考证申请写成书面形式，交到报名点，并同时提供本人身份证及报名时提供的同一底版相片一张。再由报名点到更高一级人事考试中心办理补准考证手续。提醒应该尽早补办，逾期无法补办。
4、问：我有一个朋友，今年上半年参加全国职称外语等级考试时因替考被发现，请问明年他还能参加外语考试吗
全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试模拟试题(DOC 9页)
2011年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试模拟试题（卫生类） 考试时间：120分钟考试总分：100分 （2011年卫生类职称英语考试题型：词汇选项、阅读判断、补全短文、完形填空、概括大意与完成句子、阅读理解。） 第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题,每题l分,共15分） 下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。参考答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 In 1840 Lucretia Most and Elizabeth Stanton were excluded from. The World's Anti-slavery Convention merely because they were women. A consulted by B elected to C kept out of D applauded by 2 The measures taken by the administration failed to reduce unemployment. A helped to B did not C were not intended to D were necessary to 3 Mary said that she was fed up. A disgusted B satisfied C ravenous D full 4 The mayor refused to give in to the demand of the group. A reply to B yield to C acknowledge D publicize 5 Mr. Jackson wants to give out this news as soon as possible. A furnish B announce C emit D abandon 6 Some forms of arthritis may develop when the body's ability to fight disease goes awry. A takes over B comes up C is interrupted D becomes faulty 7 The man in a rage was dead last night. A narrative B laudable C outraged D patentable 8 Sand is found in abundance on the seashore and is often blown inland td form sand hills and dunes. A at random B at high tide C in dry mounds D in great quantities 9 Some varieties of shorthorns, the most common breed of beef cattle, are in fact hornless. A credibly B actually C reportedly D potentially 10 Due to his carelessness, he was left out of an opportunity. A included in B excluded from C superior to D exhausted by考试大－全国最大教育类网站(。com) 11 The leaders of modern architecture have characteristically been vigorous and articulate thinkers in whose minds architectural theory is linked to ideas of social reform. A defined by B related to C applied to D reinforced by 12 If a foreign object becomes lodged in the eye, medical help is necessary. A deposited in B invisible to C blurred to D isolated in 13 James Was oblivious to the noise around him. A nervous about B furious about C irritated by D Unaware of
2019年全国职称英语等级考试大纲
2019年全国职称英语等级考试大纲 2017年全国职称英语等级考试大纲 一、概述 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由国家人事部组织实施的 一项外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步 提升”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专 业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职 务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A、B、C三个等级。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A、B、 C三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。 二、评价目标 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解 水平。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000 词左右的阅读任务，并能准确理解所读材料的内容;申报B级的人员在 2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能准确理解所读材料的内容;申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能 准确理解所读材料的内容。
为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理 解水平分别提出如下要求： (一)词汇量 考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不 同级别的应试者 要求认知的词汇量不等： 1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语; 3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。 (二)语法知识 考试不直接对应试者所掌握的语法知识实行考查，但应试者必须 掌握基本的语法 知识，主要包括： 1. 英语句子的基本语序及其意义; 2. 英语句子的结构和常用句型; 3. 各种时、体的形式及其意义; 4. 各种从句的构成及其意义; 5. 句子中词语的所指、省略、替代、重复，以及句子之间的意 义关系等。 (三)阅读理解水平
2014年《全国职称英语等级考试用书》---------第四部分阅读理解及答案翻译11-20篇
第十一篇When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach （当我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口） 我们的五官不仅仅让我们感知世界，五官感受还受大脑活动的影响。一项新的研究发现，饥饿的人比刚刚用过餐的人更能清晰地看到与食物相关的词汇。 数十年来，心里学家已经知道我们的心里活动直接影响到我们的视觉。例如，贫穷的孩子看到的硬币比实际的要大，饥饿的人看到食物的图片更明亮。法国的尼斯.索菲亚.安提波利斯大学试图调查这一现象。发生这种现象是在看到事物的当时，还是稍后延迟到大脑高级思维活动已经介入。 雷戴尔招募了42个健康指数正常的学生作为测试者。在测试当天，每个学生被告诉在中午到达实验室，这时距上一次用餐时间由3~4小时。等他们到达实验室时被告知实验时间有延迟。一半学生被告知十分钟后回来，另一半学生给1个小时的实际先去吃午饭。所以当实验室一半学生是饥饿状态，而另一半学生刚刚吃过饭。 这个实验，就是要求参与者看着电脑屏幕。屏幕上的80个单词以1/300秒的频率闪动。由于字体太小，被测试者只能凭感觉捕捉到字形。1/4的字是与食物相关的。每闪动一个单词，被测试者要回答字体的亮度并选择看到的是哪类词：一类是与食物相关的，比如蛋糕；一类是中性词，比如船。由于每个单词闪动的太快以至于被测试者根本看不清楚词是什么。 饥饿的人看到与食物有关的词更明亮，且能更好地辨认出与食物有关的词。由于每个词的闪动太快，其实那些被试者根本不会确切地看到什么，这就说明：他们只是感觉不同，根本没经过思考。雷戴尔给出了这样的解释。 雷戴尔说：“这对我来说是一件伟大的事情。人类可以真正感知到自身的需要或者为之奋斗的目标。该实验使我了解这样的事实，即我们的大脑是受我们的动机和需要所支配的。”1第一段提到的新的研究发现了什么？ A 饥饿的人看每一个单词都比普通的人更清晰 B 饥饿的人一直都在想与食物相关的词 C 饥饿的人比饱腹的人对食物相关的词汇更敏感
历年(-)全国职称英语考试A级考试真题及参考答案
2002年全国职称英语考试理工类（A级）考试试题及参考答案 第1部分：词汇选项 (第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 The price of vegetables f1uctuates according to the weather. A jumps B rises C falls D changes 2 Did you do that to irritate her? A tease B attract C annoy D protect 3 Mary looked pale and weary． A ill B tired C worried D peaceful 4 The water in this part of the river has been contaminated by sewage(污水). A polluted B downgraded C mixed D blackened 5 Her treatment of the subject is exhaustive. A very boring B very thorough C very interesting D very touching 6 Alice is a fascinating girl. A a beautiful B a pretty C an attractive D a pleasant
7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the most trivial of incidents. A displayed B shown C proved D assessed 8 The old lady let her flat to an English couple. A offered B rented C provided D sold 9 She stood there，crying and trembling with fear． A shaking B staggering C struggling D murmuring 10 They strolled around the lake for an hour or so. A ran B rolled C walked D raced 11 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises． A argued B derived C permitted D come 12 I can no longer tolerate his actions． A putupwith B accept C take D suffer from 13 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments. A ask B persuade C assign D order 14 She has been the subject of massive media coverage. A extensive B negative
2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(C级)试题及答案
2015职称英语综合类C真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1-15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词语或短语画有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 Railways are the most important mode of transport for the economy. A way B factor C objective D source 2 The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A message B punishment C guilt D obligation 3 He said some harsh words about his brother. A proper B normal C unclear D unkind 4 I am going as a favor to Ann because I have to. A partner B help C drive D guide 5 We need to identify the potential problem. A man B possible C immediate D common 6 When did you first encounter these difficulties? A create B experience C present D resolve 7 Don’t tempt thieves by leaving valuable clearly visible. A attract B alarm C catch D spot 8 There is a need for radical changes in education.
全国职称英语等级考试(卫生类A级)核心词汇全突破-三级词汇【圣才出品】
三级词汇 （三级词汇难度相当于大学英语四级水平） A abandon[]vt.放弃，遗弃，丢弃 【例句】We abandoned the search for the missing hiker.我们放弃搜寻走失的远足者。【词组】abandon doing sth.放弃做某事 abandon one’s home离弃家园 abandon oneself to放纵自己，使自己沉溺于 with abandon放任，无拘无束 ability[]n.①能力，本领‖②(pl.)才能，才识 【例句】She has the ability to speak French fluently.她能很流利地说法语。 【词组】ability to pay支付能力 great musical ability伟大的音乐天才 to the best of one’s ability尽自己所能 【近义】capacity,skill abnormal[]adj.①反常的，变态的‖②不规则的 【例句】We do not think such an abnormal phenomenon will last long. 我们认为这样的反常现象不会持续很久。
【助记】ab(离开)＋norm(标准)＋al(形容词后缀)→离开了正常的标准→反常的，变态的【派生】abnormally adv.反常地；变态地；不规则地 abolish[]vt.废除，取消 【例句】The legislature passed a law to abolish the surtax.立法机关通过了一项废除附加税的法令。 【同义】cancel,annul,call off,eliminate,do away with absorb[]vt.①吸收‖②使全神贯注 【例句】The soil can absorb the rainwater.土壤会吸收雨水。 【词组】absorb in集中精力做某事；全神贯注于 【助记】a＋音：布扫把，一个布做的扫把，就是布拖把，拖布，是吸水的 【派生】absorbed adj.被吸收的；一心一意的 absorption吸收；全神贯注，专心致志 abstract[]adj.抽象的，不具体的 n.摘要，提要 【例句】Her ideas seem a little abstract.她的思想有点儿让人费解。 【词组】in the abstract在理论上，抽象意义的 【助记】abs(离开)＋tract(拉)→离普通情况太远了→抽象的 【派生】abstracted adj.心不在焉的；出神的；分离出来的；抽出的 abstraction n.抽象；提取；抽象概念；空想；心不在焉
全国职称外语等级考试试卷
全国职称外语等级考试试卷 综合类A级 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 With immense relief，l Stopped running. A some B enormous C little D extensive 2 The scientists began to accumulate data. A collect B handle C analyze D investigate 3 Jack eventually overtook the last truck. A hit B passed C reached D led 4 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance. A possible B profitable C easy D wise 5 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle. A fact B mystery C statement D game 6 That guy is really witty. A smart B ugly C honorable D popular 7 The world champion suffered a sensational defeat. A reasonable B dramatic C humiliating D horrifying 8 It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job. A prepared B trained C qualified D guided 9 This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South. A praises B writes C imitates D describes 10 The meaning is still obscure.
2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲
2016年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 职称英语考试大纲是由人力资源和社会保障部统一公布的。职称英语考试内容与试卷结构：A.B.C三个等级的考试各由6个部分组成，每个级别的考试题型一样、题量相同，但不同级别考试总的阅读量及难易程度不同。考试主要考查应试者理解书面英语的能力。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲 一、概述 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试是由人力资源和社会保障部组织实施的一项国家级外语考试。本考试遵循“严格要求、实事求是、区别对待、逐步提高”的原则，根据英语在不同专业领域活动中的应用特点，结合专业技术人员掌握和使用英语的实际情况，对申报不同级别专业技术职务的人员的英语水平提出了不同的要求。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试共分三个专业类别：综合类、理工类和卫生类，每个专业类别的考试各分A.B.C三个等级。 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试于每年4月份举行。A.B.C三个等级考试的总分各为100分，考试时间均为2小时。 二、评价目标 全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试重点考查应试者的阅读理解能力。考试总的评价目标是：申报A级的人员在2小时内应完成3000词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报B级的人员在2小时内应完成2600词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容；申报C级的人员在2小时内应完成2200词左右的阅读任务，并能正确理解所读材料的内容。 为达到上述目标，考试对应试者的英语汇量、语法知识和阅读理解能力分别提出如下要求： （一）词汇量 考试所涉及的词汇和短语主要依据本大纲所附词汇表。对申报不同级别的应试者要求认知的词汇量不等： 1. 申报A级的人员应认知6000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 2. 申报B级的人员应认知5000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语； 3. 申报C级的人员应认知4000个左右的单词和一定数量的短语。 （二）语法知识
整理-2011年全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试用书电子版
2011年职称英语等级考试用书（理工类） 第四部阅读理解 第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 第六篇Weaving with Light *第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses *第三十八篇Longer Lives for Wild Elephants +第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others +第四十六篇Marvelous Metamaterials 第一篇至第三十篇为C级，第三十一篇至第四十篇为B级，第四十一篇至第五十篇为A级 第六部分完型填空 第三篇What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? *第十二篇Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens +第十五篇Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 目录说明： 本书目录中未加符号标的文章难度相当于C级考试水平，供报考C级考试的学员阅读；标有“*”的文章相当于B级考试水平；标有“+”的文章，相当于A级考试水平。我们希望，报考B级的学员同时阅读未加标注的文章，报考A级的学员同时阅读标有“*”的文章。 涂颜色部分为2011年教材新增文章（与2010年教材对比） 第四部分阅读理解 阅读下面的短文。每篇短文的后面有5个问题，每个问题有4个备选答案。请根据短文的内容选择正确的答案。 第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict In a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions．Their study is in ACS’ Energy＆Fuels1． Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil"．"Peak oil "is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4 of "Peak Oil." The term "Peal Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline． The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide．
全国专业技术人员职称外语等级
全国专业技术人员职称外语等级
全国专业技术人员职称外语等级统一考试报考简章 友情提醒：考生应在规定时间内，已确认报名费网上缴纳成功，方为报名成功！(报名费不含教材费) 一、时间安排 1、网上报名、网上缴费时间： 1月5日至1月19日 2、照片审核时间：照片提交1个工作日后 (各报名点照片由各报名点负责审核) 3、现场网上报名指导时间（仅在省直报名点）： 1月18日至1月19日 4、网上下载打印准考证时间： 3月18日起（考前10天） 5、考试时间： 3月28日（星期日） 上午9：00—11：00 6、成绩公布时间： 5月下旬，考生可经过信息台查询或省人事考试中心网址（https://www.360docs.net/doc/5816640972.html,）下载成绩单。 7、领取成绩通知书时间：省直考区从 6月下旬起（具体以网上领证通知为准），每周星期一、三上午办理领取成绩通知书事宜。各设区市办理领取成绩通知书事宜，可向当地人事职改部门或考试中心咨询。 二、各设区市考试中心地点 地区单位名称报名地址联系电话 省直福建省人事考试中心福州市东大路36号 （人才大厦13楼） 报名 缴费 福州福州市人事考试中心福州市五一中路五一新村前街12号（人才市场六楼）
厦门厦门市人事考试测评 中心 厦门市湖滨东路319 号C座3楼 （人才大院内西侧） 泉州泉州市人事考试中心泉州市丰泽区田安北路（人才大厦三楼306号） 漳州漳州市人事考试中心漳州市胜利路118 号（市政府大院内） 莆田莆田市人事局考试中 心 莆田市市政府 1号楼161室 三明三明市人事局考试中 心 三明市物资大厦六 楼 南平南平市人事局考试中 心 南平市八一路472 号 龙岩龙岩市人事局考试中 心 龙岩市行政办公中 心主楼侧8层（龙岩 大道1号） 宁德宁德市人事考试中心宁德市东侨国泰大厦B栋2层 三、网上报名、缴费办法和程序 本次考试报名采用网上报名、网上缴费的办法。报考人员均须首先登录福建省人事考试中心网（网址：https://www.360docs.net/doc/5816640972.html,）进行网上报名，考生无需到现场进行资格审核，只要网上提交照片一个工作日,后各报名点进行照片审核,照片审核经过后方可进行网上缴费。 （一）网上报名 报考人员须于 1月5日—1月19日登录福建省人事考试网（网址：https://www.360docs.net/doc/5816640972.html,）进行网上报名。具体操作如下： 1、所有考生均选择首次报考。
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)试题及参考答案
2013年度全国职称英语等级考试综合类（A级）试题及参考答案 职称英语考试历年真题汇总>>https://www.360docs.net/doc/5816640972.html,/zZnTL （复制链接，点击“打开链接”即可访问） 更多精品备考资料在职称英语考试交流群：151033695 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. The rules are too rigid to allow for human error. A. inflexible B. general C. complex D. direct 2. This species has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed. A. turned dead B. passed by C. carried away D. become extinct 3. The contract between the two companies will expire soon. A. shorten B. end C. start D. resume 4. Three world-class tennis players came to content for this title. A. argue B. claim C. wish D. compete 5. The methods of communication used during the war were primitive. A. simple B. reliable C. effective D. alternative 6. Respect for life is a cardinal principle of the law. A. moral B. regular C. fundamental D. hard 7. The drinking water has became contaminated with lead. A. polluted B. treated C. tested D. corrupted 8. Come out, or I’ll bust the door down. A. shut B. set C. break D. beat 9. She shed a few tears at her daughter’s wedding. A. wiped B. injected C. produced D. removed 10. They didn’t seem to appreciate the magnitude of the problem. A. existence B. importance C. cause D. situation 11. The tower remains intact ever after two hundred years. A. unknown B. unusual C. undamaged D. unstable
全国职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题及答案
全国职称英语等级考试综合类A级试题及答案 TYYGROUP system office room 【TYYUA16H-TYY-TYYYUA8Q8-
2015年全国职称英语等级考试综合类(A级)试题 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1 It was unfortunate that she had?erased?the message. A heard of B rubbed out C looked at D spoken out 2 He came back home, weary and?fatigued. A exhausted B scared C worried D frightened 3 The woman living next door is extremely?slender. A slim B tall C weak D pale 4 Your accusation is?whollywithout foundation. A almost B probably C evidently D completely 5 He?was obsessed withAmerican horror movies. A kept thinking about B took advantage of C paid no attention to D cared nothing about 6 I have to apologize for my?abrupt?departure yesterday. A late B sudden C unfriendly D untold 7 I think she made a?blunder?by announcing it ahead of time. A decision B mistake C promise D plan 8 Some astronomers?contendthat the universe may be younger than previously believed A predict B think C suggest D argue 9 My room is really very?cosy. A cool B cold C clean D comfortable 10 She is a lovely and?gracious?woman. A curious B courteous C quiet D shy 11 He never?grumbled?about working overtime. A complained B talked C wrote D spoke 12 She?hugged?me like an old friend and invited me to dinner the next day. A held B embraced C kissed D patted 13 Different?hypotheses?have been put forward to explain why UFOs exist. A sentences B comments C theories D conclusions 14 I must apologize for my?outrageous?behavior.
全国职称英语考试历年真题及答案
2011年真题： 第1部分：词汇选项（第1—15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1.His shoes were shined to perfection. A. cleared B. polished C. washed D. Mended 2.She can be relied on in A. looked after C. turned on B.believedin D.depended on 3.Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer. A. admitted B. reported C. hoped D. answered 4.The test produced disappointing results. A. unsatisfactory B. indirect C. similar D. positive 5.My doctor said I should vary my diet more A, change B. prepare C. cook D. choose 6.Greene spent a brief time at Cambridge. A. hard C. short B. good D. long 7. The book took ten years of thorough research A. basic B. careful. C, social D. major 8. The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives. A. effor B. problem C. influence D. Concern 9.Eventually, she got a job and moved to London A. Certainly B. Luckily C. Naturally D. Finally 10.The love of money is the root of'all evil A. result B. end C. cause D. Force 11.We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference A. offered B. investigated
Renewable Energy sources 职称英语等级考试用书
Renewable Energy sources Today petroleum provides around 40% of the world’s energy needs, mostly fuelling automobiles. Coal is still used, mostly in power stations, to cover one-quarter of our energy needs, but it is the least efficient, unhealthiest and most environmentally damaging fossil fuel. Natural gas reserves could plug some of the gap from oil , but reserves of that will not last into the 22ed century either. Most experts predict we will exhaust easily accessible reserves within 50 years. We could fast reach an energy crisis . We need to rapidly develop sustainable solutions to fuel our future. Less-polluting renewable energy sources offer a more practical long-term energy solution .They may benefit the world’s poor too .〝Renewable〞refers to the fact that these resources are not used faster than they can be replace . The Chinese and Romans used watermills over 2,000 year ago .but the first hydroelectric dam was built in English in 1870 .Hydroelectric power is now the most common form of renewable energy ,supplying around 20% of world electricity .China’s Three Gorges Dam , which has just been completed ,is the largest ever . At five times the size of the US’s Hoover Dam ,its 26 turbines will generate the equivalent energy of 18 coal-fired power stations .It will satisfy 3% of China’s entire electricity demand . Surprisingly , some argue that hydroelectric dams significantly contribute greenhouse gases . In 2003 , the first commercial power station to harness tidal currents in the open sea open sea opened in Norway . It is designed like windmill , but others take the form of turbines . As prices fall , wind power has become the fastest growing type of electricity generation—quadrupling worldwide between 1999 and 2005 . Modern wind farms consist of turbines that generate electricity . Though it will be more expensive , there is more than enough wind to provide the world’s entire energy needs . Wind farms come in onshore an offshore forms . They can often end up at spots of natural beauty , and are often unpopular with resident . And turbines are not totally benign –they can interfere with radar and leave a significant ecological footprint , altering climate and killing sea birds . Migrating birds may have more luck avoiding them . Scotland is building Europe’s largest wind farm , which will power 200,000 home . The UK’ goal is to generate one-fifth of power from renewable sources , mainly wind , by 2020 . But this may cause problems , because wind is unreliable . 可再生资源 今天石油提供了大约40%的世界的能源需求,主要是推动汽车。煤是仍然使用,主要是在发电站,覆盖有四分之一的能源需求,但我们,这是最有效和最破坏力之一化石燃料。天然气储备能插的一些差距,但从石油储备,将不会持续到22艾德世纪都无所谓了。大多数专家预测,我们将排气容易可存取的储备在50年。我们可以快速达成的能源危机。我们需要迅速发展可持续的解决方案来推动我们的未来。Less-polluting可再生能源提供一个更实际的利益。他们可能长期能源解决世界上的贫穷也是。“再生”指的是事实,这些资源没有被使用的速度比他们能被换掉。 中国和罗马人用watermills超过2,000年前,但是第一个用于水力发电的水坝始建于英语1870年.Hydroelectric权力是现在最常见的可再生能源,提供电力,约有20%的世界.中国的三峡大坝,刚刚完成后,是有史以来规模最大的。在五倍大的美国的胡佛大坝,它会产生相当于26个涡轮机的能量,这将18燃煤电站3%中国满足全部用电需求。令人惊讶的是,一些人争辩说水