法律英语复习(一)-最新范文

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法律英语_英文案例(3篇)

第1篇Facts:The plaintiff, John Smith, filed a lawsuit against the defendant, Jane Johnson, in the Superior Court of the State of New York. The case revolves around a dispute over the interpretation of a real estate contract and the subsequent breach of the contract by the defendant.Background:John Smith and Jane Johnson entered into a real estate contract on January 1, 2020, for the sale of a residential property located in New York City. The contract, dated January 1, 2020, provided that Smith would purchase the property from Johnson for a total purchase price of $1,000,000. The contract was signed by both parties and contained the following terms:1. Smith was to pay Johnson a deposit of $50,000 upon signing the contract.2. The closing date for the sale was set for March 1, 2020.3. Johnson agreed to convey clear title to the property, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances.4. The contract contained an arbitration clause, which provided that any disputes arising out of the contract would be resolved by an arbitrator appointed by the American Arbitration Association (AAA).On January 2, 2020, Smith paid Johnson the required deposit. However, on February 15, 2020, Johnson notified Smith that she was unable to convey clear title to the property due to an outstanding lien placed on the property by a previous lender. Johnson requested an extension of the closing date to allow her to resolve the lien issue.Smith, in response, demanded that Johnson provide him with an immediate release of the lien or that the contract be terminated. Johnson refused to comply with Smith's demands and failed to provide an immediaterelease of the lien. As a result, the closing did not take place on March 1, 2020, as scheduled.Issues:The central issue in this case is whether Johnson breached the real estate contract by failing to provide clear title to the property and by refusing to comply with the terms of the contract.Legal Analysis:1. Interpretation of the Contract:The court must first interpret the terms of the real estate contract. Under New York law, contracts are to be interpreted according to their plain and ordinary meaning. In this case, the contract clearly states that Johnson agreed to convey clear title to the property, free and clear of all liens and encumbrances.The court must determine whether Johnson's failure to provide cleartitle constitutes a breach of the contract. The plain language of the contract indicates that clear title was an essential term of the agreement. Therefore, Johnson's failure to provide clear title is a material breach of the contract.2. Breach of Contract:A breach of contract occurs when one party fails to perform an essential term of the contract. In this case, Johnson's failure to provide clear title is a clear violation of the contract. Furthermore, Johnson's refusal to comply with the terms of the contract by failing to provide an immediate release of the lien further constitutes a breach of contract.3. Arbitration Clause:The contract contains an arbitration clause, which provides that any disputes arising out of the contract would be resolved by an arbitrator appointed by the AAA. However, the issue of whether Johnson's breach ofcontract constitutes a material breach that would invalidate the arbitration clause is a matter of dispute.Under New York law, a party may challenge the enforceability of an arbitration clause if the breach of contract is so fundamental that it goes to the essence of the contract. The court must determine whether Johnson's breach of contract is fundamental to the agreement.4. Damages:If the court finds that Johnson breached the contract, the next issue is the amount of damages to be awarded to Smith. Smith may seek damages for the loss of the opportunity to purchase the property, as well as any costs incurred in attempting to rectify the breach.Decision:The court finds that Johnson breached the real estate contract byfailing to provide clear title to the property and by refusing to comply with the terms of the contract. Johnson's breach is material and goes to the essence of the agreement. Therefore, the arbitration clause does not apply to this dispute.The court awards Smith damages in the amount of $1,000,000, representing the total purchase price of the property. Additionally, the court awards Smith $50,000 in attorney's fees and costs incurred in bringing this action.Conclusion:This case illustrates the importance of clear and precise contract language in real estate transactions. It also highlights the court'srole in interpreting contracts and determining whether a breach of contract has occurred. Furthermore, the case underscores thesignificance of arbitration clauses in resolving disputes and the circumstances under which such clauses may be invalidated.---This is a simplified example of a legal case and does not cover all the complexities that may arise in a real-world scenario. The case is intended to serve as an educational tool for understanding legalanalysis in English.第2篇INTRODUCTIONThis case study explores the legal dispute between Johnson and Smith, focusing on the issues of contract law, tort law, and damages. The case involves the breach of a contract, the tort of negligence, and the assessment of damages. This analysis aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the legal principles involved and the outcome of the case.FACTSIn June 2020, Johnson, a contractor, entered into a contract with Smith, a property owner, to renovate his house. The contract specified that the work would be completed within three months from the date of commencement. The contract also included a clause that provided for liquidated damages in the event of a breach.On the agreed date, Johnson commenced the work. However, due to unforeseen circumstances, he was unable to complete the work within the stipulated timeframe. Specifically, Johnson faced difficulties in procuring the necessary materials and labor due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which had disrupted the supply chain. Consequently, Johnson requested an extension of the deadline, which Smith reluctantly granted.Despite the extension, Johnson was still unable to complete the work within the revised timeframe. As a result, Smith sued Johnson for breach of contract and negligence. Smith claimed that Johnson's failure to complete the work on time caused him significant financial and emotional distress.ISSUES1. Breach of ContractThe first issue in this case is whether Johnson breached the contract with Smith. To determine this, we need to analyze the terms of the contract and the extent to which Johnson fulfilled his obligations.2. Tort of NegligenceThe second issue is whether Johnson committed the tort of negligence. To establish negligence, the plaintiff must prove that the defendant owed a duty of care, breached that duty, and caused harm to the plaintiff.3. Assessment of DamagesThe third issue is the assessment of damages suffered by Smith due to Johnson's breach of contract and negligence. This involves quantifying the financial and emotional losses incurred by Smith as a result of Johnson's actions.ANALYSIS1. Breach of ContractThe contract between Johnson and Smith clearly stipulated that the work would be completed within three months. However, Johnson failed tofulfill this obligation due to unforeseen circumstances. The contract also included a clause providing for liquidated damages in the event of a breach. This clause allows the injured party to recover a predetermined sum as damages without proving actual losses.In this case, Johnson's failure to complete the work on time can be considered a breach of contract. However, the question remains whether the breach was due to unforeseen circumstances beyond his control, which may excuse his liability.2. Tort of NegligenceTo establish negligence, Smith must prove that Johnson owed him a duty of care, breached that duty, and caused harm. In this case, Johnson owed a duty of care to Smith as a contractor to perform the work in a competent and timely manner. By failing to complete the work within the stipulated timeframe, Johnson breached this duty.Moreover, Smith suffered financial and emotional distress as a result of Johnson's breach. Therefore, it can be concluded that Johnson committed the tort of negligence.3. Assessment of DamagesIn assessing damages, the court must consider both the financial and emotional losses suffered by Smith. Financial losses may include the cost of hiring another contractor to complete the work, the loss of use of the property during the renovation, and any additional expenses incurred as a result of the delay.Emotional distress can also be considered as part of the damages. Smith may claim compensation for the inconvenience, stress, and anxiety caused by the delay in completing the renovation.CONCLUSIONIn the case of Johnson v. Smith, the court found that Johnson breached the contract and committed the tort of negligence. As a result, the court awarded damages to Smith, which included the cost of hiring another contractor, the loss of use of the property, and compensationfor emotional distress.This case highlights the importance of clear contract terms and the need for contractors to fulfill their obligations. It also underscores the legal implications of breaching a contract and the potential forliability in tort law. Furthermore, it demonstrates the court's approach to assessing damages and its consideration of both financial and emotional losses suffered by the injured party.第3篇Court: Supreme Court of the State of New YorkDate: March 15, 2023Facts:The plaintiff, John Smith, filed a lawsuit against the defendant, Jane Johnson, seeking damages for breach of contract and negligence. The caserevolves around a real estate transaction that took place between the parties in 2021.On January 1, 2021, John Smith entered into a contract with Jane Johnson to purchase a residential property located at 123 Main Street, New York City. The contract was executed and contained all the necessary terms and conditions, including the purchase price, closing date, and specific performance obligations.According to the contract, Jane Johnson was to deliver the property to John Smith by February 28, 2021. However, due to various reasons, Jane Johnson failed to comply with the agreed-upon closing date. The property was finally transferred to John Smith on March 15, 2021, which was 17 days beyond the original agreement.During the delay, John Smith incurred additional expenses, including storage fees for his belongings, temporary housing costs, and loss of rent from his rental property. Moreover, the delay caused significant inconvenience and emotional distress to John Smith and his family.Upon discovering the delay, John Smith contacted Jane Johnson and demanded compliance with the contract. Jane Johnson, however, claimed that she was unable to close the transaction on time due to unforeseen circumstances beyond her control, such as a delay in obtaining the necessary financing.John Smith, dissatisfied with Jane Johnson's explanation, filed alawsuit seeking damages for breach of contract and negligence. He alleged that Jane Johnson's failure to comply with the contract terms caused him substantial financial and emotional harm.Issue:The central issue in this case is whether Jane Johnson's breach of contract and negligence resulted in damages to John Smith, and if so, the amount of damages he is entitled to recover.Discussion:Breach of Contract:John Smith's claim for breach of contract is grounded in the contract between the parties. According to the terms of the agreement, Jane Johnson was obligated to deliver the property to John Smith by February 28, 2021. By failing to do so, she breached her contractual obligations.Under New York law, a breach of contract occurs when one party fails to perform their contractual duties. In this case, Jane Johnson's failure to deliver the property on time constitutes a breach of contract.To recover damages for breach of contract, John Smith must prove that he suffered actual damages as a result of the breach. Actual damages are monetary losses incurred by the plaintiff as a direct result of the breach. In this case, John Smith has presented evidence of the following actual damages:1. Storage fees for his belongings: $5002. Temporary housing costs: $1,2003. Loss of rent from his rental property: $1,0004. Emotional distress: $2,000 (subject to the court's discretion)Negligence:In addition to breach of contract, John Smith also claims that Jane Johnson's actions were negligent. Negligence occurs when a person fails to exercise reasonable care, resulting in harm to another person.To establish a claim for negligence, John Smith must prove the following elements:1. Duty of care: Jane Johnson owed him a duty of care to perform the contract in accordance with its terms.2. Breach of duty: Jane Johnson breached her duty by failing to deliver the property on time.3. Causation: The breach of duty caused John Smith to suffer damages.4. Damages: John Smith suffered actual damages as a result of the breach.In this case, John Smith has successfully established each element of negligence. Jane Johnson had a duty to perform the contract as agreed, she breached that duty by failing to deliver the property on time, and the breach caused John Smith to suffer actual damages.Damages:The court must now determine the amount of damages to award John Smith. As previously mentioned, John Smith has presented evidence of the following actual damages:1. Storage fees for his belongings: $5002. Temporary housing costs: $1,2003. Loss of rent from his rental property: $1,0004. Emotional distress: $2,000In addition to these actual damages, the court may also award John Smith damages for his emotional distress. Emotional distress damages are intended to compensate the plaintiff for the pain, suffering, and inconvenience they have endured as a result of the defendant's actions.The court will consider the following factors in determining the amount of emotional distress damages to award:1. The nature and duration of the distress suffered.2. The circumstances surrounding the distress.3. The impact of the distress on the plaintiff's daily life.Decision:Based on the evidence presented, the court finds that Jane Johnson breached the contract and was negligent in her actions. The courtfurther finds that John Smith suffered actual damages, including storage fees, temporary housing costs, loss of rent, and emotional distress.The court awards John Smith the following damages:1. Storage fees: $5002. Temporary housing costs: $1,2003. Loss of rent: $1,0004. Emotional distress: $2,000Conclusion:This case serves as a reminder of the importance of fulfilling contractual obligations and exercising reasonable care. When a breach of contract or negligence occurs, the injured party may seek damages to compensate for their losses. The court's decision in this case reflects the principles of contract law and negligence, ensuring that John Smith receives the compensation he deserves for the harm caused by Jane Johnson's actions.Footnotes:1. New York General Obligations Law § 5-1401.2. Restatement (Second) of Torts § 281.3. See generally, N.Y. C.P.L.R. § 901.End of Case.。

法律英语术语解读：Justifiable Defense正当防卫-最新范文

法律英语术语解读：Justifiable Defense正当防卫我国刑法第二十条对正当防卫的规定是：“为了使国家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、财产和其他权利免受正在进行的不法侵害,而采取的制止不法侵害的行为,对不法侵害人造成损害的,属于正当防卫,不负刑事责任。

正当防卫明显超过必要限度造成重大损害的,应当负刑事责任,但是应当减轻或者免除处罚。

对正在进行行凶、杀人、抢劫、强奸、绑架以及其他严重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪,采取防卫行为,造成不法侵害人伤亡的,不属于防卫过当,不负刑事责任。

”If a person employs an act to stop an unlawful infringement for the purposes of avoiding the said infringement for the State’s or the public interest or for his own or another person’s right of the person, property right or any other right, thus causing harm to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall be regarded as a justifiable defense and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility.If a justifiable defense apparently exceeds the limits ofnecessity, thus causing a serious harm, the person involved shall bear criminal responsibility, but be given a mitigated punishment or be exempt from punishment.If a person employs an act of defense to an immediate violent crime of committing physical assault, homicide, robbery, rape, kidnapping or any other crime seriously endangering the safety of another person, thus causing bodily injury or death to the unlawful infringer, the said act shall not be regarded as a defense that exceeds the limits of necessity, and the said person shall not bear criminal responsibility.用法解读：employs an act：采取......的行动;unlawful infringement：不法侵害;for the purposes of：为了,因为,出于;bear criminal responsibility：承担/担负刑事责任;the said act：前述行为;exceeds the limits of necessity：超过必要限度; exempt from：免予,免除。

法律英语-

法律英语-第一篇：法律英语 -1.justice of the peace in the District of Columbia:哥伦比亚特区的和平绅士2.viz.：（=videlicet）adv./vi’di:liset，vi’deləsit/ 【拉丁语】换言之，即……，也就是。

3、affidavit:n./,æfi’deivit/ 【法律】宣誓书，宣誓词证书；（经陈述者宣誓在法律上可才做证据的）书面陈述。

Eg.Make an affidavit 【法律】写下（宣誓证词），立下宣誓书，作书面保证；Take an affidavit【法律】（法官或公证人）受理（宣誓）证词书（用作法律证据）。

4.capacity:n./kə’pæsəti/能力；容量；资格；地位；生产力【法律】（法律上享有的）权力；权限。

5.motion:n./’məuʃən/ 动议；议案。

【法律】（诉讼人向法院提出的）申请，请求。

6.legislature： n./ledʒisleitʃə/ 立法机关；立法机构【美国英语】州议会7.dispensing power: 豁免权【特：美国英语】executive privilege行政官员豁免权，行政官员（可拒绝出席国会委员会或法庭作证的）特权，行政特权。

8.interrogatory:/intə’rɔgətəri/n.质问；疑问adj.质问的；疑问的【法律】书面质询；质询（书）9.attorney general 检察长，总检察长10.summon vt.['sʌmən] 召唤；召集；鼓起；振作；[法] 传唤，传讯11.jurisdiction[,dʒʊərɪs'dɪkʃən] n.司法权，审判权，管辖权；权限，权力 eg: appellate ~ 上诉管辖权 original ~ 初审管辖权maritime ['mærɪtaɪm] ~ 海事管辖权12.writ [rɪt] n.[法] 令状；文书；法院命令；传票13.mandamus [mæn'deɪməs] n.命令书；书面训令vt.发训令（过去式mandamused，过去分词mandamused，现在分词mandamusing，第三人称单数mandamuses）[法]（上级法院向下级法院下达的）指令；执行令；命令书14.circuit court 巡回法院15.indictment[ɪn'daɪtmənt] n.起诉书；控告，起诉状16.prosecution n.[prɒsɪ'kjuːʃən] 起诉，检举；进行；经营[法]彻底进行；执行；实行；检举；告发；起诉；检察当局；[总称](提起刑事诉讼的)原告及其律师；代理原告的律师；从事；经营17.Magna Carta(Great Charter)（拉丁文）大宪章第二篇：法律英语视频音频类法律英语视频系列教程基础法律英语系列一法律基础知识二法律的分类三犯罪的分类四证据实用法律英语系列一劳动法二财产法商贸法律英语系列一公司法二票据法(|9 b: J i, b: D“ k: O7 h% V* k三家庭婚姻法四继承法三国际贸易术语四合同基本条款法律英语听力MP3合集Insurance 保险Process 传票Law 法律Real property 不动产Judge 法官Court 法庭Citizens’ right 公民权利Company law 公司法International law 国际法Partnership 合伙Negligence 过失行为Contract and agreement 合同和协议Environment protection 环境保护Prosecutor 检察官Marriage and family life 婚姻和家庭Traffic 交通Encumbrance 财产负担Jurisprudence 法理Offense 犯罪Police 警察Lawyer 律师Instrument 票据Jurisdiction 管辖权Appeal 上诉Customs and tariff 海关和关税Settlement 和解Death penalty 死刑Costs 诉讼费Shipping and maritime law 货运和海商法Loan and lease 借贷和租赁Legislation 立法Jury 陪审团Tort 侵权Juvenile delinquency 未成年人违法Punishment 刑罚Remedy 救济Contempt of court 藐视法庭Bankruptcy 破产Trial 审判Tax 税收Pleading 诉辩状Litigation 诉讼ownership 所有权Agency 委托代理Consumer’s right 消费者权益Trust 信托Criminal law principles 刑法原则Medical care 医疗保健Transaction 业务交易Criminal investigation 刑事侦察Duty 责任Bidding 招投标Plaintiff and Defendant 原告和被告Debt 债务Intellectual property 知识产权Will and Succession 遗嘱和继承Securities 证券Gift 赠与Arbitration 仲裁Evidence 证据法律翻译常用词汇总类常用词汇注释常见拉丁词汇基础法理法律翻译易混淆词合同翻译中最易混淆的七组词语合同类翻译常用词汇普通合同劳动合同法庭诉讼类翻译常用词汇民事判决书法庭英语知识产权类翻译常用词汇著作权专利相关类别法翻译常用词汇民商法票据行政法法理刑法海商其他翻译常用词汇移民、店铺申请法律文书翻译模板合同章程类翻译模板Glossary经常翻译错误的14个法律词汇工程合同诉讼商标保险交通婚姻继承中外合资企业章程国际货物销售合同中外合资经营企业合同销售代理合同, Y6 o(W6 G;Y” ~)?房屋租赁合同销货确认书诉讼仲裁类翻译模板仲裁裁决书公正证明类翻译模板户口簿出生公证民事起诉书身份证成绩单完税证明驾驶证毕业证银行存款证明营业执照在读证明法律翻译常用法规（中英对照）民商法类调整作为平等主体的公民、法人或者公民与法人之间的财产关系、人身关系及商事关系法律民法通则证券法婚姻法合同法担保法公司法保险法物权法票据法企业破产法海商法商标法财产保险合同条例信托法著作权法专利法著作权法实施条例刑法专利法实施细则商标法实施细则刑法类规定犯罪和刑罚的法律。

法律英语考试之美国法基础-最新范文

法律英语考试之美国法基础A FEDERAL LEGAL SYSTEM：OverviewThe American legal system has several layers, more possibly than in most other nations. One reason is the division between federal and state law. To understand this, it helps to recall that the United States was founded not as one nation,but as a union of 13 colonies, each claiming independence from the British Crown. The Declaration of Independence （1776） thus spoke of“the good People of these Colonies” but also pronounced that “these United Colo nies are, and of Right ought to be, FREE AND INDEPENDENT STATES.” The tension between one people and several states is a perennial theme in American legal history. As explained below, the U.S. Constitution （adopted 1787, ratified 1788）began a gradual and at times hotly contested shift of power and legal authority away from the states and toward the federal government. Still, even today states retain substantial authority. Any student of the American legal system must understand how jurisdiction is apportioned between the federal government and the states.The Constitution fixed many of the boundaries between federal and state law. It also divided federal power among legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government（thus creating a “separation of powers”between each branch and enshrining a system of “checks-and-balances”to prevent any one branch from overwhelming the others）, each of which contributes distinctively to the legal system. Within that system, the Constitution delineated the kinds of laws that Congress might pass.As if this were not sufficiently complex, U.S. law is more than the statutes passed by Congress. In some areas, Congress authorizes administrative agencies to adopt rules that add detail to statutory requirements. And the entire system rests upon the traditional legal principles found in English Common Law. Although both the Constitution and statutory law supersede common law, courts continue to apply unwritten common law principles to fill in the gaps where the Constitution is silent and Congress has not legislated.。

法律英语阅读理解：The Law of Property财产法-最新范文

法律英语阅读理解：The Law of Property财产法The old common law1 was preeminently the law of real property; and the distinction between “real property” and “personal property3” was a crucial one.Generally speaking, real property means real estate -1and and buildings ——but it also includes such things as growing crops. Everything else —— money, stocks and bonds, jewelry, cars, carloads of lumber, IOUs, bank deposits- is personal property. We all have a stake in real estate, since we all live somewhere; and we work, study, and travel somewhere, too. Everyone is a renter or an owner, or lives with renters or owners. But for most of us, that as far as the law is concerned the word property means primarily real property; personal property is of minor importance.Actually, personal property is legally a minor field. There is no single, special field of law devoted to personal property. Personal property is what contract law, commercial law, and bankruptcy law ——yes, and torts, too ——are all about. But there are so many special rilles about real estate that it makes sense to treat this as a separate field of law.Property law is still one of the fundamental branches of law, and real estate is a significant branch of law practice.Yet property law is a mere shadow of its former self, legal speaking. In fact, one of the major developments in our system, if you take the long view, is the relative decline of real property law. In medieval England, it would have only been a slight exaggeration to say that land law was the law of the land. When Blackstone published his “Commentaries” midway through the eighteenth century, one whole volume was devoted to land law. A modern Blackstone would shrink the topic to a fraction of this bulk —— 5 or 10 percent, at most, of the total law.Medieval England lived under a feudal system. Power and jurisdiction —— the cornerstones of wealth and position in society were based on land and land alone. The “lord” was a person who held an estate ——a person with ownership, mastery, control over land. A person without land was a person with no real stake in affairs of state. The common law, as the royal law courts expounded it had little to say to men and women without land, who were the majority of the English population. In America, at one time, only persons who had interests in land were entitled to vote or hold office. The New York constitution of 1777, for example, restricted the right to vote for state senators to men who owned “freeholds” with $100or more, free and clear of debt （Article X） all this, of course, has ended;land is only one form of wealth. A great and powerful family is one that controls mighty enterprises, rather than one that rules vast estates.Property law still covers a rich and varied group of subject. To begin with, it asks. What does it mean to “own” land？ How can I get title to land and how can I dispose of it legally？There are issues about deeds, joint ownership, and land records and registration; and problems of land finance, including rules about mortgages and foreclosures. There is the law of “nuisance”, which restricts me from using my land in such a way as to hurt my neighbors, pouring smoke or sending bad smells onto his land, for example. Ther e are the law of “easements” and the exotic law of “covenants” （especially those that “run with the land”）： these deal with rights a person might have in his neighbor’s land —— rights to drive a car up his driveway, to walk across his lawn, or to keep him from taking in boarders. These are not rights of ownership; rather they are “servitudes” ——restrictions or exceptions to the owner’s rights, in favor of those another.The common law was ingenious in carving up rights to land into variou s complex segments called “estates”。

法律英语作文范文模板

法律英语作文范文模板Title: Legal English Essay Template。

Introduction。

Legal English is a specialized form of English used in the field of law. It is essential for legal professionals to have a strong command of legal English in order to effectively communicate and understand legal concepts and documents. In this essay, we will discuss the importance of legal English, its key features, and provide a template for writing legal English documents.Importance of Legal English。

Legal English plays a crucial role in the practice of law. It is the language used in legal documents, court proceedings, contracts, and statutes. Legal professionals need to be able to understand and interpret legal texts accurately in order to provide effective legal advice and representation to their clients. Additionally, legal English is also important for international legal communication, as it is the language used in many international treaties and agreements.Key Features of Legal English。

法律英语-Death penalty 死刑-最新范文

法律英语-Death penalty 死刑1. A sentencing judge is required to consider any mitigating circumstances before imposing the death penalty.在处死刑之前,要求量刑法官必须考虑是否有任何减轻罪行之情节。

2. Capital punishment for murder is based on the idea that ifa person kills someone, he must pay with his own life.针对谋杀的死刑判决是基于这样一个理念：如果一个杀死了某人,他必须用自已的生命作为补偿。

3. Death penalty is usually imposed because of some type of gross misconduct.死刑通常是针对某些严重犯罪的惩处。

4. He was executed by firing squad.他被行刑队处决。

5. He was guilty of a capital crime.他犯了死刑。

6. He was sentenced to death but was reprieved by the president. 他被判处死刑但被总统下令缓期执行。

7. The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment.死刑减成终身监禁。

8. The prisoners were condemned to death.囚犯们被判死刑。

9. The punishment for treason is death.对叛国罪的处罚是处死。

10. They argued about whether the statute mandating the death penalty is unconstitutional.他们就规定死刑的法规是否违宪进行争论。

法律英语-Gift 赠与-最新范文

法律英语-Gift 赠与1.A donation of $1 million has been presented to the sufferers by a wealthy lady.一个有钱的太太向受难者捐赠了100美元。

2.A gift is a present transfer of property by one person to another without any consideration or compensation.赠与是一方不考虑任何对价或补偿而现实的转移财产所有权予另一方。

3.A gift to “my child” that does not set out the children ‘s name is a class gift.不具体写明子女姓名,只写出赠与“我的子女”之赠与是概括赠与。

4.Capacity of donor is one of the essential requisites of “gift”。

赠与人的行为能力是“赠与”的一个重要前提。

5.In the case of a gift the thing itself passes to the donee.就赠与而言,赠物本身要交付给受赠人。

6.Only a complete gift is taxable under the gift tax.根据赠与税规定,只有完全赠与才应纳税。

7.payment of gift tax is the obligation of the donor, not the recipient.交纳赠与税的义务在赠与人而非受赠人。

8.The gift is subject to the federal unified transfer tax.该赠与应交纳联邦统一转让税。

9.The gift must be made with a view to the donor‘s present illness or peril.赠与的做出必须考虑到赠与人目前的疾病和危险状况。

法律英语词汇(4篇)

法律英语词汇（4篇）有关法律的英语名言篇一法律的基础有两个，而且只有两个公平和实用。

Law is the basis of the two, and only two fair and practical.用道德的榜样来造就一个人，显然比用法律来约束他更有价值。

To make a person with moral demonstration, apparently more valuable than using law to restrain him.法律应对人有权威，而不是人对法律有权威。

Law should have authority in person, rather than on legal authority.法律如果不讲道理，即使延续时间再长，也还是没有制约力的。

If unreasonable, even longer time, still no further reading.in.法律，在它支配着地球上所有人民的场合，就是人类的理性。

Law, it dominates all people on earth, is human reason.人类法律，事物有规律，这是不容忽视的。

Human law, regular things, this is not allow to ignore.上帝把法律和公平凑合在一起，可是人类却把它拆开。

God's law and justice work together, but human to dismantle it.法官是法律世界的国王，除了法律就没有别的上司。

The judge is the king of the world and law in addition to the law, there is no other boss.法律不能使人人平等，但是在法律面前人人是平等的。

The law cannot make all men equal, but everyone is equal before the law.法律的目的是对受法律支配的一切人公正地运用法律，借以保护和救济无辜者。

法律英语范文

介绍法学专业的英语作文介绍法学Law is to open one of the categories of institutions of higher learning, one of Chinas top ten universities disciplines, including law, political science, public security science and sociology of four main parts.英语作文Law is also called the law, legal science, is based on law, legal phenomenon and its regularity of science that studies the content.It is the study of specialized knowledge and law related issues, is about the legal problems of knowledge and theory system. Law is about the science of law.The direct purpose of law, is to maintain social order, and by order of the construction and maintenance, to realize social justice.As take law as the research object of law, its core is in for the research of order and justice, is the knowledge of order and justice.[1]Legal thoughts first legalist philosophy originated from the spring and autumn period and the warring states period.The word law in China, the pre-qin period is referred to as "" study of forms, from the han dynasty began to have the name of the" law ".In the west, the ancient Roman jurists ulpian (Ulpianus) to "the law" (the ancient Latin words of Jurisprudentia) is defined as: and the god of the transaction, the concept of justice and injustice of learning.【英语作文mydream我想当一名律师.100词以上法律英语翻译-一个词！predecessorininterestpredecessorininterest可翻译成：“前利益相关人”。

法律英语作文范文模板

法律英语作文范文模板英文回答：Introduction。

Lawyers play a pivotal role in the administration of justice and are responsible for upholding the rule of law. Legal writing is an essential skill for lawyers, as it allows them to effectively communicate their legal arguments and analysis in a precise and persuasive manner.A well-written legal opinion letter is a key example of legal writing, as it provides a reasoned analysis of alegal issue and offers guidance to clients on how to proceed.Structure of a Legal Opinion Letter。

A legal opinion letter typically follows a standardized structure:Letterhead: The letterhead should include the name of the law firm, the lawyer's contact information, and the date.Introduction: The introduction should briefly statethe purpose of the letter and identify the client.Statement of Facts: The statement of facts should provide a concise summary of the relevant facts of the case.Legal Analysis: The legal analysis is the heart of the opinion letter. It should identify the applicable legal principles, analyze the facts in light of those principles, and draw conclusions about the legal implications of the case.Opinion: The opinion is the lawyer's conclusion about the legal issue. It should be clear and concise, and it should be supported by the legal analysis.Discussion: The discussion section provides a more detailed explanation of the legal analysis and opinion. Itcan also address potential counterarguments and provide recommendations for further action.Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the opinion letter and provides a final recommendation to the client.Key Elements of a Legal Opinion Letter。

法律英语考前总结

法律英语考前总结第一篇：法律英语考前总结法律职业legal profession;律师协会Bar Association 律师执业practice law;专职法律顾问House counsel;两级审判体制two-tiered system；司法管辖区judicial district;私人执业律师private practitioner;刑事责任criminal liability;正当杀人justifiable homicide;激情杀人killing sb.“in the heat of passion”;非故意杀人unintentional killing;过失杀人罪negligent homicide.法律效力legal effect;事实、书面协议agreement-in-fact(as written)法官的自由裁决权judicial discretion;补偿和损害赔偿金compensation and damages;无形损害intangible damage;共同过失contributory negligence;严格（无过错）责任strict(No-Fault)liability.重罪谋杀felony murder, robbery1、产品责任（product liability）：liability in TORT or DELICT in respect of produce.Essentially an application of the law of tort although the term can be used to cover liability under sale and supply of goods.过失侵权责任Tort liability for negligence presupposes causalitybetween the negligent act and injury to person or property.A person is negligent if he has not complied with his “duty of care” and, seen objectiv ely, has not acted as “ a reasonable and prudent man.”2、无过错责任严格责任：（no-fault liability）=strict liability.(in tort)Liability for a wrong that is imposed withoutthe claimant having to prove that the defendant was at fault.Strict liability is exceptional in the law of tort, but is imposed for torts involving dangerous animals and dangerous things conversion, defamation, products liability, and some cases of breach of statutory duty.It is no defence in these torts that the defendant took reasonable care to prevent damage, but variousother defences are admitted.杀人：Homicide,is the killing of one human being by another human being.谋杀：murder:According to the common law, murder was the killing of a human being with “malice”,malice may be express or implied.3、一级谋杀：First degree murder is any murder that is willful andpremeditated.Felony murder is typically first degree murder.非预谋杀人：Manslaughter, was defined a common law as an unlawful killing of another without malice.It could be ethier voluntary or involuntary.==voluntary Manslaughter, an intentional killing upon “great provocation” and ”in the heat of passion” constitutes the crime ofvoluntary Manslaughter.Involuntary manslaughter, may be described generally as an unintentional killing resulting from gross negligence, or as a result of dangerous unlawful conduct.4、司法系统：judicial system:the system of law courts that administer justice and constitute the judicial branch of government.There are fifty-two separate courts systems in the United States.Each state, as well as the District of Columbia, has its own fully developed, independent system of courts and there is a separate federal courts system.The presence of two parallel court systems, presenting important issues of federalism.The United States Supreme Court, composed of nine justices, sits as the final and controlling voice over all these systems.米兰达规则：The Miranda Rule：When a person is in custody, some version of the Miranda rights, the interrogator must advise the suspect that : When a person is in custody, some version of the Miranda rights, such as: a.he has aright to remain silent;b.anything he says may be used against him;c.he has a right to an lawyer;d.If he cannotafford a lawyer one will be provided free.It became known as the doctrine of Miranda warnings later.侵权行为： A tort is something that you do or fail to do which harms someone else and for which you can be sued for damages.tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong.T ort law deals with situations where a person's behaviour has unfairly caused someone else to suffer loss or harm.侵权责任：(tortious liability): Liability that arises from the breach of a duty thatis fixed primarily by the law,is owed to persons generally, andwhenbreached, is redressable by an action for unliquidated damages.5、法律职业：legal profession ：the body of individuals qualified to practice law in a particular jurisdiction.American legal profession composed by lawyers, judges, prosecutors and law teachers.7.专职法律顾问house counsel,employed by private business concerns, such as industrial corporations, banks, usually as house or corporate counsel in the concern’s legal department.8.合同contract, as we will use that term, ordinarily connotes an agreementbetween two or more persons-not merely a shared belief, but a common understanding as to refer to adocument-the set of papers in which such an agreement is set forth.1、一级谋杀与二级谋杀的区别：A “willful, deliberate and premeditated” killing.such a poisoning or a killing during the commission fo a dangerous felony, may be labeled first degreemurder and punishable by death or long imprisonment.Other forms of murder may be of the second degree and punishable with a lesser penalty.According to the common law, however, there were no degrees of murder.Any unlawful killing was either murder or manslaughter.汉译英：1、是否废除死刑是法学界长期争议的问题。

法律英语memo范文

法律英语memo范文The use of legal English is a crucial aspect of effective communication in the legal field. Legal English is a specialized form of the English language that is used in various legal contexts, such as contracts, court proceedings, and legal documents. It is characterized by its precise and formal language, as well as its adherence to specific grammatical and stylistic conventions. Mastering legal English is essential for anyone who works in the legal profession, as it allows them to communicate effectively with clients, colleagues, and other legal professionals.One of the key features of legal English is its use of specific terminology and jargon. Legal terms and phrases, such as "res judicata," "estoppel," and "prima facie," are commonly used in legal contexts and can be challenging for those who are not familiar with the legal system. Lawyers and other legal professionals must be able to understand and use these terms correctly in order to effectively communicate their ideas and arguments.In addition to the use of specialized terminology, legal English is alsocharacterized by its formal and precise language. Legal documents, such as contracts and court filings, are typically written in a formal and structured manner, with a focus on clarity and accuracy. This can be challenging for those who are not familiar with the conventions of legal writing, as it requires a level of precision and attention to detail that is not always necessary in other forms of writing.Another important aspect of legal English is its adherence to specific grammatical and stylistic conventions. For example, legal documents often use the passive voice, which can be used to emphasize the action rather than the actor. Additionally, legal writing often uses complex sentence structures and a high level of formality, which can be challenging for those who are not familiar with these conventions.Despite the challenges of legal English, it is essential for anyone who works in the legal profession to be able to communicate effectively in this specialized form of the language. Lawyers, paralegals, and other legal professionals must be able to understand and use legal English in order to effectively represent their clients, participate in legal proceedings, and communicate with other members of the legal community.One way to improve one's proficiency in legal English is to engage in regular practice and exposure to legal texts and documents. This can involve reading and analyzing legal documents, such as contractsand court filings, as well as participating in legal writing exercises and mock trials. Additionally, attending legal workshops and seminars can be a valuable way to learn more about the conventions of legal English and to practice using it in a variety of contexts.Another important aspect of improving one's legal English is to develop a strong understanding of the legal system and the underlying principles and concepts that govern it. This can involve studying legal theory and jurisprudence, as well as gaining practical experience through internships or other hands-on learning opportunities.Overall, the use of legal English is a critical aspect of effective communication in the legal field. Lawyers, paralegals, and other legal professionals must be able to understand and use this specialized form of the language in order to effectively represent their clients, participate in legal proceedings, and communicate with other members of the legal community. By developing a strong proficiency in legal English, individuals can enhance their skills and career opportunities in the legal profession.。

法律英语之犯罪范文

法律英语之犯罪范文导语：怎样用英语去表达犯罪的相关问题?下面是的法律英语之犯罪，欢迎参考!1.A crime is a behavior within the definition of the provisions of the criminal law and should be subject to criminal penalty.犯罪是刑法规定范畴的应承担刑事责任的行为。

2.A crime is the behavior that is harmful to the society and should be punished with criminal penalty.犯罪是具有社会危害性的行为，应当受到刑法处分。

3.A sin takes in everything done, said and willed against right reason.罪包含所有违背正确理性的行为、言词和意志。

4.A witness's credibility noticeably diminishes as the enormity of the crime or the unlikeliness of its circumstances increase.罪行越严重，情节越难以置信，证据的尺度应越严格。

5.An act does not make a person guilty of a crime unless the mind is also guilty.没有主观过错的行为不会令行为人有罪。

6.An intoxicated person who mits a crime shall bear criminal responsibility.醉酒者犯罪应负刑事责任。

7.By selling alcohol to minors, the shop is deliberately flouting the law.向未成年人出售烈酒，是商店成心犯罪。

法律英语复习

What is the contract? The contract also called commitment. This commitment is protected by law, and the compulsory execution. The contract can be written, also can be spoken. Once signed the contract, party both sides should be subject to the contract execution. Enforceable contract must comply with four conditions: 1. The parties must have agreement. That is an offer and achieve desirable covenant.2. Contract must have consideration to support.3. Must have two or more contracting parties have legal capacity.4. Contract to comply with laws and regulations and public order good morals.The contract can be divided into DuoZhong. Form, can be divided into bilateral contract and single service contract. The expression, can be divided into express, implied-in-fact and legal implied 3 kinds. Such as oral and written is express. With action expression is implied-in-fact. Implied-in-law is not really the contract law, is the presumption.Different contract, legal effect is different also. Therefore, the contract and can be divided into effective, invalid and revocable 3 kinds. The contract all aspects are meet the requirements of the law is effective contract. Conversely, not in accord with the contract is invalid. Where a party has the right to terminate or DuoFang contract be cancel the contract. If less than the legal age signed the contract is to cancel the contract. Do not meet the requirements of the law or in violation of rules of contract law set is undoable.During the performance of the contract, the parties a performance or non-performance undeserved, because the situation changes or force majeure, can't fully implemented or to be unable to fulfill, cause the other side of the loss, the damaged party can claim for compensation, in addition, also may suspend its performance or refuse to perform the contract.According to the properties of the breach of law relief can be divided into specific relief and alternative relief. Default of the relief can also be divided into legal relief and equitable reliefThe damaged party loss compensation can be direct or indirect, special circumstances can also get special compensation.By third party for beneficiary beneficiary of the contract, can't require compulsory execution: to enforce must certify that the partyintends to make claims benefit in the contract party and have made clear.Parties to the contract in accordance with the procedures prescribed by law has the right to transfer to others under contract. After the transfer the rights and obligations under the contract also happen to transfer.1.有效的合同必须有对价支持对方当事人的要求。

法律英语memo范文

法律英语memo范文Memorandum.To: Legal Counsel.From: Legal Intern.Date: March 10, 2023。

Re: Legal Memo on the Legal Implications of Employee Background Checks.Question: What are the legal implications of employee background checks?Answer:English Answer:Employee background checks are a common practice in theUnited States. Employers use them to screen potential employees for any criminal history, financial problems, or other issues that could pose a risk to the company. However, there are a number of legal implications that employers should be aware of when conducting background checks.The most important legal issue to consider is the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA). The FCRA is a federal law that regulates the use of consumer credit information. Under the FCRA, employers must obtain written consent from job applicants before conducting a background check. The employer must also provide the applicant with a copy of the background report and a summary of their rights under the FCRA.In addition to the FCRA, there are a number of state laws that regulate employee background checks. These laws vary from state to state, but they generally require employers to:Only use information that is relevant to the job.Use reliable sources of information.Give the applicant an opportunity to review andcorrect the report.Make a decision based on the information in the report.Failure to comply with these laws can result in civil penalties, including fines and damages.中文回答：问，员工背景调查的法律含义是什么？答：员工背景调查是美国常见的做法。