211-翻译硕士英语 2019 A卷
2019年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题(回忆版)【聚创考研】
2019年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（回忆版）
一、改错变成选择，先给一句句子里面划线部分给出选项，A选项是原来的，要求选出最合适的句子，也可以不变，5道题。
1.考along with的主谓一致和along with前后加不加句号
2.Find it difficult to do的各种变形
3.并列To do
4.……
5.……
二、阅读题型
文章是关于维基百科和大学写作的，大概内容是论维基百科是否有助于高校学生做学术研究A篇不长，三面左右，题目大概是Is Wikipedia good?
选择题4道（2.5*4）
找单词5道(2*5)
问答题7.5*2（100词内）
一道是问作者态度并举例说明
一道是问老师为什么不喜欢维基百科
B篇一面，维基百科的具体作用题目大概是What are productive ways of Wikipedia？问答题2道(5*2)
一道是维基百科可以作为写作来源几方面
一道是问大学研究型写作会不会用到维基百科，为什么，开放性题目
三、作文（40分）
论人的寿命延长现象会给个人还有社会造成哪些影响（500词）。
2019年浙江财经大学211翻译硕士英语研究生入学考试自命题试题
2019年攻读浙江财经大学硕士学位研究生入学考试试题科目代码：211科目名称：翻译硕士英语答案请写答题纸上Part I Vocabulary & Grammar (30 points)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Please write your answer on the answer sheet.1.The attorney tried to the testimony of the two witnesses.A.contradictB. correspondC. corporateD. correlate2.The origin of the universe human understanding.A.transcendsB. trespassesC. overtakesD. beyond3.It is well known that knowledge is the condition for expansion of mind.A.incompatibleB. incredibleC. indefiniteD. indispensable4.1 you didn5t do anything about it for the time being.A. would ratherB. hopeC. suggestD. suppose5.Don't worry. The company will all your expense.A. satisfyB. meetC. payD. submit6.As my exams are coming next week, I'll take advantage of the weekend to on some reading.A. catch upB. clear upC. make upD. pick up7.At first many people thought that this great disaster would inflict a terribledamage the economy. But for some strange reason it touched a great shopping spree.A. to, ofB. on, uponC. on, offD. for, down8.You may feel exhausted under stressful brainwork, heavy physical labor, or panic and moods.A. pitifulB. dismalC. cordialD. rough9.If you the old apartment, you can rent it for a good price.A. did forB. did upC. did inD. did with10.Some couples think that a quarrel, far from doing damage, actually adds a bit of to their tired relationship.A. tasteB. sauceC. flavorD. spice11.Zoe doesn't want to blow her own , so she declined to talk about her achievements at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute12.Economic growth produces more revenue and that will help to the tax cut and actually lower the debt.A. imposeB. buoyC. offerD. offset13.We are getting a lot from search engines and Google is one of the greatest inventions in human history.A. questionablyB. arguablyC. contentiouslyD. debatably14.They are with hatred against the Jews who, they believe, have deprived them of their patrimony.A. presumedB. assumedC. resumedD. consumed15.As mentioned above, technical translations a lot of research and are not really any fun to do unless you're interested in the topic at hand.A. entailB. ascertainC. ensureD. secure16.1 don5t doubt the plan will be well-conceived.A. whyB. thatC. whetherD. when17.Mrs. Brown is supposed for Italy last week.A. to have leftB. to be leavingC. to leaveD. to have been left18.Ybu may keep the book a further week no one else requires it.A. provided thatB. if onlyC. in caseD. even if19.the spirit is exhausted by overwork, it is destroyed by idleness.A. So...thatB. Such...thatC. Such...asD. As...so20. The fire was finally brought under control, but not extensive damage had been caused.21. around us gives us vital information about our environment.B. That the hearing of sounds D. Whatever the sounds are heard 22. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT?A. The fishing and the hunting in Arizona were good that year.B. Brown bread and butter are usually eaten with smoked salmon.C. Many a man and woman in this room is entitled to a copy.D. Not only the switches but also the old writing has been changed.23. The ease computers connected to the Internet can transmit a lengthy document is so much more convenient than that of a fax machine.A. for whichB. with whichC. at whichD. on which24. She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ?A. hadn't sheB. hasn't sheC. wouldn 5t sheD. didn't she25. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?A. As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.B. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.C. For all his efforts, he didn 5t pass the exam.D. I wish I could write as well as you.26. we wish him prosperous, we have objections to his ways of obtaining wealth.A. As muchB. Much asC. How muchD. Much though27. They the problems with the principal himself had the parents gone to the meeting. A. had discussed B. could discussC. could have discussedD. would discuss28. Nearly all our clothes are made from fibers of one sort or another, from plants, animals, coal or petroleum and all these fibers are seen to consist of long chain molecules.A. despite they are derivedB. whether are they derivedC. they be derivedD. be they derivedA. beforeB. sinceC. afterD. asA. The sounds are heard C. Hearing the sounds29.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office, but our work ,we declined the offer.A. not having been finishedB. was not finishedC. did not finishD. had not been finished30.If I hadn5t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, younow.A. wouldn5t be smilingB. couldn't have smiledC. won5t smileD. didn't smilePart II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are expected to make the best choice. Write your answer on the answer sheet.Passage 1Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage.Global energy demand is expected to triple by mid-century. The earth is unlikely to run out of fossil fuels by then, given its reserves of coal, but it seems unthinkable that we will continue to use them as we do now. Ifs not just a question of supply and price, or even of the disease caused by filthy air. The terrorist assault on the World Trade Center raises other scary scenarios: how much easier would it be to crack open the Trans-Alaska pipeline and how much deadline would it be to bomb a nuclear plant than to attack a wind farm?Skeptics may recall the burst of enthusiasm for conservation and renewable power when oil prices quadrupled in the 1970s. State-funded energy research and development surged, while tax incentives boosted solar, wind and other alternatives to petroleum and atom. But when oil supplies loosened and prices dropped in the 1990s, governments lost interest. In the state of California, subsidies evaporated, pushing wind companies into bankruptcy.Clean energy has a long way to go. Only 2.2% of the world's energy comes from “new" renewables such as small hydroelectric dams, wind, solar, a nd geothermal. How to boost that share—and at what pace—is debated in industrialized nations—from Japan, which imports 99.7% of its oil, to Germany, where the Chernobyl accident turned the public against nuclear plants, to the U.S., where the Bush Administration has strong ties to the oil industry. But the 第4页共12页movement toward clean renewable is undeniable. How soon we reach an era of clean, inexhaustible energy depends on technology. Solar and wind energies are intermittent: when the sky is cloudy or the breeze dies down, fossil fuel or nuclear plants must kick in to compensate. But scientists are working on better ways to store electricity from renewable sources.While developed nations debate how to fuel their power plants, however, some 1.6 billion people—a quarter of the globe5s population—have no access to electricity or gasoline. Many spend their days collecting firewood and cow dung, burning it in primitive stoves that belch smoke into their lungs. To emerge from poverty, they need modem energy. And researchers can help. From village-scale hydro power to household photovoltaic systems to bio-gas stoves that convert dung into fuel.Ultimately, the earth can meet its energy needs without fouling the environment. "But it won't happen," asserts Thomas Johansson, an energy adviser to the United Nations Development Program, u without political To begin with, widespread government subsidies for fossil fuels and nuclear energy must be dismantled to level the playing field for renewables. Moreover, government should pressure utility to meet targets for renewable sources of energy.31.According to the passage, the renewable energy research lose support from governments in the early 1990s because .A.skeptics were becoming doubtful about the efficiency of renewablesB.the investment in the field was not worth its valueC.renewables could not meet the increasing energy needs of the societyD.it was much easier and cheaper to use oil than before32.According to the passage, which one of the following is true?A.The more developed a nation is, the higher the proportion of renewablesbeing used.B.Developed nations haven't reached a consensus about using more renewables.C.Developed nations are experiencing a fierce energy revolution.D.Developed nations9 ties with the oil industry are becoming tense.33.It can be concluded from the passage that .A.poor areas are badly polluted and are in high need of renewable energyB.the development of a nation will invariably pollute the environmentC.i t will be impossible for wind and solar energy to completely replace fossilfuelsD.high technology plays a vital role in the trend toward clean energy34.The author's purpose of writing this article is to .A.urge the governments to take effective measuresB.encourage developed nations to set up an example in the energy revolutionC.illustrate the urgent demand of clean energyD.elaborate the difficulties in the use of clean energy35.It can be inferred from the passage that the author's biggest worry about using nuclear energy is that .A.There will be a wide gap between developed and developing countriesB.It will limit the development of many other alternativesC.It is deadly if terrorists attack a nuclear plantD.It will do great hann to the inadequate reserves of coalPassage 2Questions 36-40 are based on the following passage.It is April 1959. I'm standing at the railing of the Batory's upper deck, and I feel that my life is ending. Tm looking out at the crowd that has gathered on the shore to see the ship's departure from Gdynia—a crowd that, all of a sudden, is irrevocably on the other side—and I want to break out, run back, run toward the familiar excitement, the waving hands, the exclamations. We can't be leaving all this behind—but we are. I am thirteen years old, and we are emigrating. Ifs a notion of such crushing, definitive finality that to me it might as well mean the end of the world.When the brass band on the shore strikes up the jaunty mazurka rhythms of the Polish anthem, I am pierced by a youthful sorrow so powerful that I suddenly stop crying and try to hold still against the pain. I desperately want time to stop, to hold the ship still with the force of my will. I am suffering my first, severe attack of nostalgia. It is a feeling whose shades and degrees Fm destined to know intimately, but at this hovering moment, it comes upon me like a visitation from a whole new geography of emotions, an annunciation of how much an absence can hurt. Or a symptom of absence, because at this divide, I'm filled to the brim with what I'm about to lose—images of Cracow, which I loved as one loves a person, of the sunbaked villages where we had taken summer vacations, of the hours I spent poring over passages of music with my piano teacher, of conversations and mischiefs with friends. Looking ahead, I come across an enormous, cold blankness—a darkening, and erasure, of the imagination, as if a camera eye has snapped shut, or as if a heavy curtain has been pulled over the future. Of the place where we're going—Canada—I know 第6页共12页nothing. There are vague outlines of half a continent, a sense of vast spaces and little habitation. When my parents were hiding in a branch-covered forest bunker during the war, my father had a book with him called Canada Fragrant with Resin which, in his horrible confinement, spoke to him of majestic wilderness, of animals roaming without being pursued, of freedom. That is partly why we are going there, rather than to Israel, where most of our Jewish friends have gone. But to me, the word "Canada” has ominous echoes of the "Sahara." No, my mind rejects the idea of being taken there. I don5t want to be pried out of my childhood, my pleasure, my safety, my hopes for becoming a pianist. The Batory pulls away, the foghorn emits its lowing, shofar sound, but my being is engaged in a stubborn refusal to move. My parents put their hands on my shoulders consolingly; for a moment, they allow themselves to acknowledge that there9s pain in this departure, much as they wanted it.Many years later, at a stylish party in New York, I met a woman who told me that she had an enchanted childhood. Her father was a highly positioned diplomat in an Asian country, and she had lived surrounded by sumptuous elegance...No wonder, she said, that when this part of her life came to an end, at age thirteen, she felt she had been exiled from paradise, and had been searching for it ever since.36.Which of the following can be suggested from the first paragraph?A.The author's irrational fear that she will be permanently separated from her family.B.Sad realization that the author is leaving a familiar life.C.Severe state of desperation that may lead the author to seek professional help.D.Overwhelming sense of the desperate life that the author and her family have led.37.By describing her feelings as having "shades and degrees" in Paragraph 2, the author suggests that .A.she is numb to the pain of her griefB.she is defeated by her emotionsC.she is allowing herself to grieve only a little at a timeD.her emotional state is multifaceted38.The purpose for the author to refer to the "camera eye" and the "heavy curtain,, is to suggest .A.her inability to overcome her fear of deathB.her inability to imagine her future lifeC.the difference between reality and artD.the importance of images to the human mind39.The passage implies that the author differs from her parents in that sheA.has happier memories of Poland than her parents doB.is too young to understand what she is leaving behindC.is reluctant to wave to the crowd on the shoreD.feels no response to the rhythms of the Polish anthem40.In the last paragraph, the author mentions the anecdote about the woman she met in order to .A.provide the evidence that she has become less childlike and more sophisticatedB.tell the reader how wealthy children are raised in Asian countriesC.emphasize the importance of childhood happinessD.show that she has ultimately lived in Canada without any problemsPassage 3Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage.Americans are proud of their economic system, believing it provides opportunities for all citizens to have good lives. Their faith is clouded, however, by the fact that poverty persists in many parts of the country. Government anti-poverty efforts have made some progress but have not eradicated the problem. Similarly, periods of strong economic growth, which bring more jobs and higher wages, have helped reduce poverty but have not eliminated it entirely.The federal government defines a minimum amount of income necessary fbr basic maintenance of a family of four. This amount may fluctuate depending on the cost of living and the location of the family. In 1998, a family of four with an annual income below $16,530 was classified as living in poverty.The percentage of people living below the poverty level dropped from 22.4 percent in 1959 to 1.4 percent in 1978. But since then, it has fluctuated in a fairly narrow range. In 1998, it stood at 12.7 percent.What is more, the overall figures mask much more severe pockets of poverty. In 1998, more than one-quarter of all African-Americans (26.1 percent) lived in poverty; though distressingly high, that figure did represent an improvement from 1979, when 31 percent of blacks were officially classified as poor, and it was the lowest poverty rate fbr this group since 1959. Families headed by single mothers are particularly susceptible to poverty. Partly as a result of this phenomenon, almost one in five children (18.8 percent) was poorin 1997. the poverty rate was 36.7 percent among African-American children and 34.4 percent among Hispanic children.Some analysts have suggested that the official poverty figures overstate the real extent of poverty because they measure only cash income and exclude certaingovernment assistance programs such as Food Stamps, health care, and public housing. Others point out, however, that these programs rarely cover all of a family5s food or health care needs and that there's a shortage of public housing. Some argue that even families whose incomes are above the official poverty level sometimes go hungry, skimping on food to pay for such things as housing, medical care, and clothing. Still others point out that people at the poverty level sometimes receive cash income from casual work and in the “underground" sector of the economy, which is never recorded in official statistics.In any event, it is clear that the American economic system does not apportion its rewards equally. In 1997, the wealthiest one-fifth of American families accounted for 47.2 percent of the nation5s income, according to the Economic Policy Institute, a Washington-based research organization. In contrast, the poorest one-fifth earned just 4.2 percent of the nation's income, and the poorest 40 percent accounted for only 14 percent of income.41.According to the author, as determined by the federal government, the poverty level is based on .A.the minimum income that a family of four can live off comfortablyB.the minimxim income that can sustain a family of fourC.the percentage of people living in povertyD.statistical data that fluctuate greatly from year to year42.It can be learned from the third paragraph that the percentage of the population living in poverty .A.has not improved much since 1978B.has continued to decline since 1959C.fluctuated only slightly between 1959 and 1978D.has not changed much since 195943.It can be concluded from the passage that the current percentage of African-Americans living in poverty .A.has not improved in the last quarter centuryB.is largely comprised of single mothersC.has created racial tension in the countryD.is significantly higher than the overall national rate44.From Paragraph 5, we know some analysts believe that the US official formulas for determining poverty levels .A.do not adequately address the shortage of public housingB.are the most comprehensive in the worldC.should exclude any forms of government assistanceD.may misread the actual extent of poverty45.It can be learned from the passage that poverty in America .A.is a marginal issue for the countryB.is a persisting problem in many areasC.can be eradicated by strong economic growthD.is a main concern of the US governmentPassage 4Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage.Intelligence has historically been conceptualized as a more or less fixed trait. This view perceives intelligence as something people are bom with, and the function of development is to allow this genetic endowment to express itself. A number of investigators have taken the approach that intelligence is highly heritable, transmitted through the genes. Other investigators believe that intelligence is minimally heritable, if at all. Most authorities take an intermediate position.Considering the large number of studies that have investigated the heritability of intelligence, it is surprising that so much disagreement exists among researchers. It has been estimated that roughly half the variation in intelligence test scores is caused by hereditary influences. But it is significant that estimates of heritability can differ among ethnic and racial groups, as well as across time within a single group. Moreover, the estimates are computed, for the most part, on the basis of intelligence test scores, so that the estimates are only for that part of intelligence measured by the tests.Whatever the heritability factor of IQ, a separate issue is whether intelligence can be increased. Work by a New Zealand researcher, James Flynn, has shown that, in the late 20th century, scores on intelligence tests have been rising rather steadily throughout the world. Although the reason fbr the increase has not been satisfactorily explained, there is little doubt that this is a developing phenomenon requiring careful investigation.Despite the general increase in scores, average IQs continue to vary both across countries and across different socioeconomic groups. For example, many researchers have fbund a positive correlation between socioeconomic status and 第10页共12页IQ, although they disagree over the reason for the relationship. Most investigators agree that differences in educational opportunities play an important role, and someis simply no broad consensus on the issue of why the differences exist, and, again, it should be noted that the differences are based on IQ, not broadly defined intelligence.It is important to understand that no matter how heritable intelligence is, some aspects of it are still malleable. Heritability of a trait is a separate issue from its malleability. A person's height, fbr example, is 90 percent heritable; the best predictor of height is the height of a person's parents. Yet, because of better nutrition and health care, average heights in the United States have climbed during the 20th century. Thus, with intervention, even a highly heritable trait can be modified. There is a growing body of evidence that aspects of intelligence, too, can be modified. Intelligence, in the view of many authorities, is not a fixed trait, with its level a foregone conclusion the day the person is bom. A program of training in intellectual skills can increase some aspects of a person5 s level of intelligence. No training program—no environmental condition of any sort—can make a genius of a person with low measured intelligence. But some gains are possible, and programs have been developed fbr increasing intellectual skills. A main trend fbr psychologists in the intelligence field has been to combine testing and training functions in order to enable people to optimize their intelligence.46.Which of the following can be the best title fbr this passage?A.The Optimization of IntelligenceB.The Development of Programs fbr Increasing Intellectual SkillsC.The Malleability of IntelligenceD.The Heritability of Intelligence47.Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?A.The malleability of a trait is closely related to its heritability.B.It is not possible for a person with low measured intelligence to become a genius.C.Intelligence can be increased in spite of its heritability.D.There is little correlation between socioeconomic status and IQ.48.The most probable meaning of the word "consensus" is Paragraph 4 isA.minority opinionB. general agreementC. moral senseD. ethical feelings49.What does the last paragraph mainly deal with?第11页共12页A.Even a highly heritable trait can be modified.B.Heritability of a trait is a separate issue from its malleability.C.Programs have been developed for increasing intelligence skills.D.Intelligence is not solely heritable.50. A person's height is used as an example in the last paragraph to .A.Show even a highly inheritable trait can be modified.B.Make a comparison between intelligence and height.C.Explain why intelligence cannot be modifiedD.Support that the height is highly inheritablePart HI Writing (30 points)Directions: In this part you are supposed to write an argumentative essay of no less than 400 words within 60 minutes based on the information given below.Read the following paragraph and write an essay on the topic belowShould University Evaluate the Teaching Effectiveness of Teachers Only?In the first part of your essay, you should state clearly your main argumentation, and in the second part, you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part, you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion, or make a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failures to above instructions may result in a loss of marks.第12页共12页。
三峡大学2019年《211翻译硕士英语》考研专业课真题试卷
population____in cities rather than in the country.
A. are living B. will be living C. have lived
D. will have lived
3. We looked for a table to sit down, but they were all____.
A. Though having never acted
B. As he had never acted
C. Despite he had never acted
D. In spite of his never having acted
2. By the middle of the 21st century, the vast majority of the worl
A. organization B. delegation C. administration D. specification
13. When I got out of the car and walked about among them, ____one old man who
shook his head disapprovingly, they all began to cheer.
A. see that B. except that C. provided that D. except for
14. You must pay import ____on certain goods brought into this country.
A. money
B. fees
C. bills
D. duties
昆明理工大学211翻译硕士英语2015-2019年考研专业课真题试卷
and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate
letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. Because the cost of living in the United States is very high, ________ students should be
昆明理工大学2019年考研专业课初试真题
昆明理工大学 2019 年硕士研究生招生入学考试试题(A 卷)
考试科目代码：211
考试科目名称 ：翻译图表等类型题目）答题答案必须做在考点发给的答题纸上，
做在本试题册上无效。请考生务必在答题纸上写清题号。
2． 评卷时不评阅本试题册，答题如有做在本试题册上而影响成绩的，后果由考生自己负责。
comfortably established there, he wrote War and Peace.
A. ensconced
B. circumscribed
C. avowed
D. coerced
7. He entered the United States in 1988 as a ________ resident because of his marriage to a U.S. citizen.
A. distracted
B. detracted
C. contracted
D. subtracted
3. ________ should we seek temporary economic development at the expense of the environment and
2019年暨南大学考研真题211翻译硕士英语(A卷)硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
考试科目：翻译硕士英语 共 14 页，第1页2019年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试题（A 卷）********************************************************************************************学科、专业名称：翻译硕士专业研 究 方 向： 英语笔译考试科目名称： 翻译硕士英语考试科目代码：211考生注意：所有答案必须写在答题纸（卷）上，写在本试题上一律不给分。
I. Vocabulary & Grammar (30%)Directions: There are 30 sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there arefour words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Education and work can be restructured to teach and ______ the skills of concentration and focus.A. proposeB. propagateC. propelD. proceed2. It's difficult to _________ the demands of my job and the desire to be a good father.A. reconcileB. combineC. relateD. integrate3. Break out of this guilt and let yourself ________ in your sense of accomplishment for what you have gotten done instead of what there is still to do.A. absorbB. indulgeC. involveD. relish4. For this, we never ________ the use of force, as it is common aspiration and sacred mission of the people of China to safeguard China’s sovereignty and also to reunify our motherland.A. declareB. renounceC. announceD. claim5. Because of his adventures, he is a person of far greater experience and ________.A. resourcefulnessB. resourcesC. considerationsD. thoughtfulness6. If a machine, railway line, or bridge is ________, it is deliberately damaged or destroyed, for example, in a war or as a protest.A. explodedB. bombedC. bombardedD. sabotaged7. Even if we could collect most of what we gave out – which we can't – a scant _______ of high-powered weapons in the hands of bad actors can be disastrous in a place where government control is weak.A. amountB. volumeC. handfulD. number。
昆明理工大学2019年《211翻译硕士英语》考研专业课真题试卷
211
(A )
1
2
3
4
Vocabulary and Structure (1x30=30 points)
In this section, there are thirty incomplete sentences. For each sentence four choices marked A, B, C
A. garage
B. cabinet
C. capsule
D. warehouse
12. Arthur made the________ decision to drink plenty of water at the very beginning of the daylong
hike, and thus was able to avoid dehydration.
and D are given. Decide which of the alternatives best completes the sentence. Write the appropriate
letter on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. Because the cost of living in the United States is very high, ________ students should be
A. scarcely
B. ironically
C. logically
D. legally
10. When ________ animals are removed from their wild habitats and kept as pets, the pet owners
南京大学外国语学院《211翻译硕士英语》[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解
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目 录2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2011年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2010年南京大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解Part O e: Proof ReadingThe following sentences contain some errors. Copy and edit them on your answer sheet. (1.5×10) 1．An important information I got from her is our teacher’s new marriage.2．She had a lot of difficulty with the long vowel /ei/, so I taught her how to pronounce.3．The tutor asked the pupils: “How to write an essay on your mother?”4．The volleyball players of our department went through very tough training for a whole semester and finally win the championship of the university.5．I felt frustrated and wondered why my English wasn’t improved even after having watched many movies and read many books.6．The news of the H1N1 flu worried the headmaster, but another news was upbeat: so far, everyone in his school was healthy.7．All of us in the class would like to become a teacher in the future.8．In high school, we had to take many classes, Chinese, English, physics, chemistry, mathematics and history and so on.9．The students found it dissatisfied that their hard work was not rewarded or recognized. 10．The university attaches great importance to teacher’s research and publications.【答案与解析】1．An: The（information为不可数名词，因此将An改为The。
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2019年暨南大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I.Vocabulary&Grammar(30%)Directions:There are30sentences in this section.Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.cation and work can be restructured to teach and______the skills of concentration and focus.A.proposeB.propagateC.propelD.proceed【答案】B【解析】句意：教育和工作可以重组，以教授和培养专注和专注的技能。
propagate传播；宣传。
propose建议；求婚。
propel推进；激励。
proceed开始；继续进行。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
2.It’s difficult to_____the demands of my job and the desire to be a good father.A.reconcilebineC.relateD.integrate【答案】A【解析】句意：很难兼顾我的工作要求和做一个好父亲的愿望。
reconcile使一致；使调解。
combine联合；结合。
relate联系；讲述。
integrate成为一体；使加入。
因此，本题的正确答案为A。
3.Break out of this guilt and let yourself_____in your sense of accomplishment for what you have gotten done instead of what there is still to do.A.absorbB.indulgeC.involveD.relish【答案】D【解析】句意：打破这种内疚，让自己对你已经完成的事情而不是还要做的事情津津乐道。
桂林理工大学211翻译硕士英语2019--2021年考研初试真题
桂林理工大学2021年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（总分100分，三小时答完）考生注意：请将答题内容直接写在试题纸上Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每小题0.5分，共10分）1.The Chinese leader publicly advocated the cooperation of all the countries in the world.A.opposedB.supportedC.announcedD.proclaimed2.The baby mice are at their most vulnerable shortly after birth,when they are often attacked by birds of prey.A.defensiveB.well-protectedC.ill-protectedD.offensive3.There were long flames on the sky,which made people speculate on the whereabouts of the fire.A.guessB.discussC.analyzeD.ponder4.The government sees price controls as a way to combat economic depression.A.slow downB.preventC.stopD.fight5.Agriculturalists are attempting to breed a new disease-resistant type of corn.A.produceB.inventC.placeD.nourish6.She confined herself to using the phone only once a day because the phone bill had been too high.A.allowedB.controlledC.restrictedD.restrained7.Someone shouted“fire!”and in the ensuing panic several people were injured.A.previousB.followingC.suddenD.terrible8.They plan to walk to the South Pole,using sledges to haul their supplies as Scott had done.A.carryB.loadC.pullD.send9.It’s unbelievable how quickly bad news gets round,isn’t it?A.spreadB.are inventedC.are relatedD.are distorted10.If you can give a legitimate explanation for your mistake,I won’t blame you.A.detailedB.simpleC.trueD.reasonable11.The duke’s daughter became mute after a shock.A.dumbB.silentC.speechlessD.wordless12.The police officer probed his body from top to bottom,suspecting him of drug trafficking.A.searchedB.exploredC.investigatedD.examined13.Helicopters with searchlights swept the park which was sealed off.A.cleaned with a long-handled brushB.spread quickly throughC.moved across steadily from side to sideD.stretched out in a long,wide,curved shape14.The plane was flying normally for about15minutes before a warning light started blinking.A.opened very quicklyB.happened very quicklyC.turned onD.flashed on and off15.The top half of the door to his office was of frosted glass.A.covered with something like frostB.covered with icingC.roughened and thus not clearD.with the surface covered with frost16.Quite by accident,she came up with a brilliantly simple solution.A.by chanceB.in an accidentC.through an accidentD.through deliberation17.“I’m writing a novel,”the young man declared loftily.A.noblyB.self-importantlyC.ironicallyD.noticeably18.I love listening to Jazz music.I find it very soothing,especially when I’ve had a hard day.A.sweetB.touchingfortingD.soft19.Her resignation will do little to inspire confidence in a company that is already struggling for survival.A.restoreB.motivateC.gainD.give20.He tried hard to suppress his anger and resentment,but finally he lost his temper.A.hold backB.surpassC.disguiseD.hidePart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis.（每小题1分，共20分）1.After all he has done for us,it would be very________of us if we didn’t do this for him now.(grateful)2.Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my watch,I could not find any_________.(evident)3.Gerald has__________failed his driving test again.(fortune)4.This necklace is not simply costly;it is________.(value)5.This coat is too short for me.Do you think you could________it a little?(long)6.The hurricane caused terrible_______along the coast.(destroy)7.It is said the100％iron is________.(rust)8.There has been a________interest in the function of the Internet in distance education.(continue)9.This economic recession is a timely_____of the threat that a market economy may face.(remind)10.I have been taught to be very_____about my manners at parties.(care)11._______your child will grow up and lead her own independent life.(event)12.In agriculture,global________has intensified,leading to lower prices for many products.(compete)13.I had a father who continued a tradition of love with a________of spirit.(generous)14.Hollywood suggests________houses with vast palm-fringed swimming pools.(luxury)15.In those days Hollywood was like a magnet,drawing______young men and women from all over the world.(ambition)16.We hardly ever go into London.Whatever we need we can buy______(local)17.When an iron object is heated in a fire,it glows red and______radiation.(emission)18.The cost of the flights,accommodation and car rental is two thousand dollars______.(include)19.With the possible________of another world war,global warming may be the single largest threat to our planet.(except)20.I feel utterly________by his refusal to take any action.(illusion)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.（每小题1分，共10分）1.Word got around about“those pants of Levi’s”and Strauss was in business._____________2.They draw no distinctions and recognize no classes:there are merely American.____________3.My purpose in writing you is to put your disappointment in perspective by considering exactly what your grade means and doesn’t mean.______________________________4.I hope to show you that your grade,taken at face value,is apt to be quite misleading._________municating in another language involves not only linguistic skills,but the ability to enter into another culture’s mentality.___________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there,peering at me._______________7.Oddly enough,the men whom he flunked did not resent it.___________8.In essence,these gases are trapping excess heat in the Earth’s atmosphere in much the same way that a windshield traps solar energy that enters a car.__________9.We are also advocating policies that will combat global warming over the long term.______________10.Hollywood’s fame and fortune reached its peak in the 1930s and 1940s._____________Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate form.(每小题2分，共10分)1.Martin's unpredictable upbringing shaped his whole life,with so many .2.Women tend to their success external causes such as assistance from friends.3.Edward Stuart became a brilliant scholar,but only his health.4.The old man’s face the lines of pressure and exhaustion that have accumulated over the years.5.At the critical moment of presidential election,the candidate urged his supporters to _________.Part V Cloze （每小题1分，共20分）Universities are institutions that teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed ___1___extending man's knowledge of these subjects.The emphasis given to each of these functions ___2___from university to university,according to the views of the people in ___3___and according to the resources available.The smaller and newer universities do no ___4____the staff or equipment to carry out the___5___research projects possible in larger institutions.___6___most experts agree that some research activity is ___7___to keep the staff and their students in ____8___with the latest developments in their subjects.Most students attend a university mainly to___9____the knowledge needed for their chosen ___10__.Educationists believe that this aim should not be the____11____one.Universities have always aimed to produce men and women ___12___judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge.For this reason,they___13___students to meet others with differing___14___and to read widely to ___15___their understanding in many fields of study.___16___a secondary school course,a student should be interested enough in a subject to enjoy gaining knowledge for its own___17___.He should be prepared to ___18___sacrifices to study his chosen ___19__in depth.He should have an ambition to make some ___20___contribution to man's knowledge.1.A)at B)by C)to D)in2.A)turns B)ranges C)moves D)varies3.A)prospect B)place C)control D)favor4.A)occupy B)possess C)involve D)spare5.A)maximum B)medium C)virtual D)vast6.A)But B)As C)While D)For7.A)natural B)essential C)functional D)optionalattribute…to address oneself to prior to at the expense of brand with hang together ups and downs attach...to8.A)coordination B)accordance C)touch D)grasp9.A)acquire B)accept C)endure D)ensure10.A)procession B)profession C)possession D)preference11.A)typical B)true C)mere D)only12.A)with B)under C)on D)through13.A)prompt B)provoke C)encourage D)anticipate14.A)histories B)expressions C)interests D)curiosities15.A)broaden B)lengthen C)enforce D)specify16.A)Amid B)Over C)After D)Upon17.A)object B)effect C)course D)sake18.A)take B)suffer C)make D)pay19.A)field B)target C)scope D)goal20.A)radical B)meaningful C)truthful D)initialPart VI Writing.(每小题30分，共30分)Directions：Write a composition in250words on the following topic with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments.Academic Study and Extracurricular Activities桂林理工大学2020年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目代码：211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语（总分100分，三小时答完）考生注意：请将答题内容直接写在试题纸上Part I Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part in each sentence without changing its original meaning.（每小题0.5分，共10分）1. I’m awfully sorry to have delayed answering your letter because of pressure of work.A. extendedB. stoppedC. postponedD. changed2. The theatre has been forced to beg for donation in order to keep it running.A.settleB. applyC. lookD. ask3. The fire in the office block was eventually brought under control.A. expectedlyB. finallyC. successfullyD. completely4. Sea snakes inject a poison so strong that it kills a fish instantly.A. effortlesslyB. easilyC. immediatelyD. finally5. When everyone was busy talking I slipped away.A. ran hurriedlyB. fell down on the groundC. left quietlyD. tiptoed6. Marx offered a profound analysis of the economic crisis.A. successfulB. correctC. deepD. final7. He gazed with longing and expectation into the future.A. wonderB. indifferenceC. desireD. curiosity8. The horse relaxed, and the rider slackened the rein.A. tightenedB. untiedC. fastenedD. loosened9. Don’t drag that table across the room, you’ll scratch the floor!A. tearB. pullC. drawD. push10. Mr. Brown is someone all the students look up to.A. missB. respectC. fearD. treat11. Don’t bother your boss with such unimportant matters.A. unworthyB. stupidC. optionalD. petty12. Barack Obama’s victory in the American presidential election was overwhelming.A. importantB. greatC. timelyD. unexpected13. Why are the contents of the next person’s shopping trolley always more alluring than one’s own?A. dissuasiveB. scaryC. attractiveD. constructive14. There is a slight difference in meaning between the two books.A. hugeB. subtleC. moderateD. gigantic15. She gradually perceived that her parents had been right.A. noticedB. knewC. acceptedD. realized16. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army for good.A. permanentlyB. for himselfC. for a short whileD. temporarily17. The answer had come to him in a flash.A. afterwardB. very quicklyC. in a glanceD. in a hurry18. The word “Hack” is a term of the technology culture which has come into existence over thepast few decades.A. come into beingB. widely usedC. become rareD. come forward19. The director has confessed himself puzzled by the company’s losses.A. toldB. acknowledgedC. comfortedD. reminded20. It’s downright impossible to finish the task in two days.A. downwardB. possiblyC. completelyD. perfectlyPart II Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given word in the parenthesis. （每小题1分，共20分）1. This is Jim, my personal _________. (assist)2. Although I was quite sure that she has stolen my wallet, I could not find any__________. (prove)3. Completely exhausted, the soldiers could hardly walk any______. (far)4. Without your _________ he would never have been able to do it. (encourage)5. I haven’t received any pay rise for 3 years; I think all the other ______ have the same experience. (employ)6. The _______ of the money from the cash-box show that somebody in this office is a thief. ( appear)7. When I asked her about where she wanted to hold the meeting, she didn’t express any particular ________(prefer)8. Who can ______me that I’m wrong? (assurance)9. We should work out a global________ to develop our markets. ( strategically)10. After long________, she decided to turn down the job offer. (deliberate)11. She couldn’t stand the _________ and unfriendliness in the office so she decided to resign. ( compete)12. As a typical ______, he never took any noon nap. ( workaholism)13. Everyone among his friends and colleagues knew it _________.(instant)14. He worked himself to death, finally and ________, at 3:00 a.m. Sunday morning. (precise)15. They would depart ________as if leaving the crime scene without calling the police. (reluctance)16. Every house in this area is ________ against fire and theft.(insurance)17. It is _________ that none of them got invitation to the party. ( regret)18. It never _______ to me that he was a two-faced snobbish person. (occurrence)19. The of human species has been a long process. (evolve)20. How often do we__________people on how well they look, or express our appreciation fortheir’ kindness? (complimentary)Part III Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words （每小题1分，共10分）1.It’s no wonder that, despite their carefree facade, they are often confused, uncertain and troubled. ___________.2.If our parents didn’t get them for us, we felt our world fall apart. _________3.We slipped away to L.A. to tie the knot. _______4.Given that I’m color-blinded, it’s nearly impossible for me to become a driver. ________5.Conferences and business meetings around the world are held in English, regardless of whether anyone present is a native English speaker. __________6.The door opened and a little girl stood there, peering at me. _________7.In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. _________8.Unfortunately, integrity is in short supply today. _________9.Phil was a Type A, a heart-attack natural. ___________10.It is, in short, an agreeable, easy place to go about one’s business on foot. _______Part IV Fill in each blank with a word or phrase taken from the box. (每小题1分，共10分)1.2.A: Have you heard form Joan?B: No, I got a letter from her - when was it?- Oh, it must have been _____.3.A: Have you read any good books_______?B: Well, I’ve_____ finished the novel borrowed from library.4.Michael left for America in the 1980s. He_____ found a job and got married. It was only ______ that he managed to come back to Europe.5.When my father retires, he will______ move to his country cottage. _______ he will sell his town flat and settle in the country.6.I’ve only seen the mayor________, when he visited the local hospital.7.He’s _______ been working at night.Part V Explain in your own words the following sentences（每小题3分，共30分）1.In the United States we have become so habituated to using the car for everything that it doesn’t occur to us to unfurl our legs and see what those lower limbs can do.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 2.He had no outside “extracurricular interests,” unless, of course, you think about a monthly golf game that way.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3.Popularity was not so important: running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival.________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The god of mirth is paying us back for all those years of thinking fun was everywhere by refusing to come to our party.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 5.Are all white lies to be avoided at all costs?________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.________________________________________________________________________________ 7.When you know you are right, you can’t back down.________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Integrity means having a personal standard of morality and ethics that does not sell out to expediency.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9.When young, you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance._______________________________________________________________________________ 10.I realized that I was filled to overflowing with self-pity, selfishness, indifference to the needs of others and thoughtlessness.________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Part VI Writing. (每小题20分，共20分)Directions：Write a composition in 250 words with a clear thesis statement and effective supporting arguments.The Virtues of Growing Up。
2019安徽大学211翻译硕士英语真题
2019安徽大学211翻译硕士英语真题一.中译英热词(基本是日报的)多次往返旅游二、英译中缩略词三个CIO NAQDS(纳克达斯) UMD(应该是这个) 其实前面两个也是日报上面的，第三个我不清楚，两个合成词scanxiety(不记得了大概是怎么写) 另一个不记得了(好像是今年新出的)hastage(单词可能拼错了，不过是日报上面的，是来自一篇微博热搜榜的，大概11月左右的热词)三、篇章翻译(总体难度不大)中译英中国文明吉祥话，一些词比较难，中国特色，句子不复杂。
英译中智能机，难度适中，句子不难，词也还行(算科普文，比较通俗易懂的不是科技文!没这么专业)百科(百科的选择题和名词解释出题方向多，有几个比较偏。
总体来看题型确定了，第一部分名词解释，第二题单选第三应用文，第四大作文。
可以发现，大作文比较靠近时事热点，背日报的时候可以多注意一下)选择题(15个)1.鸟尽弓藏2.张骞什么时候出使西域(时事，丝绸之路有关)3.最大岛屿(苏门答腊格陵兰岛还有两个不记得)4.光荣革命(问句是:那个是英国引以自豪的非暴力的革命)5.不是哺乳动物的(蝙蝠鸭嘴兽白鲨不记得)6.马德堡实验7.世界读书日8.不属于印第安的文明(苏美尔文明)9.红楼梦“清明泣。
”(诗贾探春)10.不属于尼采的书11.大同的石窟是那个?12.不是北纬30度的奇迹(埃及金字塔)13.弗兰克食物14.上采名词解释(10个):1.针灸2.网红3.大数据4.可持续发展5.卡尔威尔6.罗丹7.炉边谈话名词解释一些很常见，算是热词，不过其实也挺难写的，一些我根本不知道，的确不知道出题方向应用文:道歉信(不少于450字)作文:限狗令(不少于800，议论文)。
三峡大学211翻译硕士英语12~19年真题
C. scattered
D. dispersed
11. I could see that my wife was _______ having that fur coat, whether I
approved of it or not.
A. intent on
B. adequate for
C. short of
全国各大高校的真题及资料等考研资料一网打尽需要随时可以联系
三峡大学
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2012 年研究生入学考试试题(A 卷)
科目代码： 211 科目名称： 翻译硕士英语
考试时间： 3 Hours
（考生必须将答案写在答题纸上）
Part I PART I GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY
SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE
C. crude
D. rude
9. Because of rush-hour congestion in Farmington, several large corporations are
implementing _______ work-hour programs.
A. submissive
B. inclusive
C. tangible
D. flexible
10. After the jazz concert, the clean-up crew found the campus _______ with
candy wrappers, bottles and cans.
A. littered
B. covered
China’s particular situation.
杭州师范大学211翻译硕士英语2019年考研真题
杭州师范大学2019年招收攻读硕士研究生考试题考试科目代码： 211考试科目名称：翻译硕士英语说明：考生答题时一律写在答题纸上，否则漏批责任自负。
I. Vocabulary and grammar (30’)Section A Multiple choice (20’)Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1.Mr. Jeffrey had just___________ the shell of the boiled crab and was starting to peel it off.A.crackedB.burstC.fracturedD.clankedst week the bishop preached a farewell sermon to a(n) ___________ that have known himvery well since he moved here.A.congregationB.audienceC.progressionD.population3.I don’t doubt ___________ the plan will be well implemented.A.howB.thatC.whichD.whether4.The old woman had an ___________ habit of emptying ash trays out of her upstairs windowonto my doorstep.A.offendingB.offensiveC.uneducatedD.objectionable5.The physician reassured me that the pain in my leg would ___________ one hour after I tookthe medicine as I was told.A.wear awayB.wear offC.wear downD.wear out6.The phone call my parents just gave me aroused a(n) ___________ feeling of homesicknessin me.A.intenseB.intensiveC.hopelessD.forceful7.The professor said that he would translate a Chinese fiction if he could find a(n)___________ to help him proof-read his translation.A.collaboratorB.accompliceC.allyD.confederate8.Although WildAid has been trying to stop the slaughter of sharks for their fins, currentregulations rarely curtail ___________ to the degree needed to restore shark population.A.sharks are huntedB.the hunting of sharksC.to hunt sharksD.sharks hunted9.The mere prospect of a performance of one of their operas was enough to set them to runningup bills amounting to ___________ their prospective royalties.A.ten times the number ofB.ten times the amount ofC.the number of ten timesD.as ten times as the amount of10.The ___________ of plastic containers is one of the problems that the local environmentalagency has to deal with.A.dispositionB.dispersalC.disposalD.dissolution11.The forecast predicted ___________ weather with rain, sunshine, thunder and wind and thatis just what they have had.A.fluctuatingB.differingC.rangingD.variable12.The research involves a study of the human heart which leads us through devious mazes ofpassion, ___________ it is difficult to find a way.A.of whichB.from whichC.out of whichD.through which13.The miserable family have had a ___________ of misfortunes.A.continuationB.successionC.repetitionD.contingency14.Mr. White would have been more amicable and civilized if he had changed a little bit,___________?A.wouldn’t heB.hasn’t heC.didn’t heD.hadn’t he15.In Japanese cities, traffic jams are ___________ because citizens in suburb have to driveevery day to central business areas to work.A.propagatedB.activatedC.aggravatedD.irritated16.As an experienced politician, he has to have the ___________ of inspiring confidence in hislisteners.A.flukeB.frenzyC.museD.knack17.You had the ___________ situation in which Florida had more listed public bathing beachesthan the whole of the United Kingdom.A.luminousB.luculentC.lubricantD.ludicrous18.Much of what the lecturer said was beyond her comprehension but she managed tounderstand the ___________ of his remarks.A.tactB.tenorC.tannerD.manner19.Little ___________ about his own safety, though he himself was in great danger.A.he caredB.he may careC.may he careD.did he care20.One woman was feared dead last night after a helicopter ___________ off course into an oilplatform and ditched into the sea.A.veeredB.instigatedC.falsifiedD.blandishedSection B Proofreading and error correction (10’)The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proofread the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word underline the wrong word and write the correct one inthe blank provided at the end of the lineFor a missing word mark the position of the missing word with a “Λ” signand write the word you believe to be missing in theblank provided at the end of the line.For an unnecessary word cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.EXAMPLEWhen art museum wants a new exhibit,(1)WhenΛart → anIt never buys things in finished form and hangs(2)It never buys → neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it.(3) exhibition →exhibit Science was once seen as the stuffy domain of pale malescientists spent far too much of their time in the laboratory(1)__________ concocting potions in test tubes while avoiding sunlight andhuman interaction. Occasionally they would venture out of thelab to give lectures and impart their wisdom with science students.(2)__________But they would rarely confront with the general public. Now, (3)__________ thanks to the growing number of science festivals, scientistsare engaging with people in unique, innovative—and oftensurprising—way.Science communication has evolved in recent years, broken(4)__________the age-old tradition of the elite scientist imparting knowledge tothe interested layman. Thanks to the increasing emphasis inacademia on public engagement, it is now expected that learningabout science in an open, democratic process—something shaped(5)__________by professionals, but led by the public.Today the language of science communication is repleted(6)__________with words such as create, experience, participate and journey.It all makes participation in public science feel more like a funday out as a classroom chore.(7)__________ Public science events date back to the days of the AncientGreeks when the like of Plato and Aristotle would speak in public (8)__________about their theories of science and philosophy. It was theEdinburgh International Science Festival which coined the term (9)__________“science festival” at its incept in 1989.(10)_________II. Reading comprehension(40’)Section 1 Multiple choice (20’)Directions:In this section there are two passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on the answer sheet.Passage AA Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer, Robert Louis Stevenson was born at 8 Howard Place, Edinburgh Scotland, on 13 November 1850. It has been more than 100 years since his death. Stevenson was a writer who caused conflicting opinions about his works. On one hand, he was often highly praised for his expert prose and style by many English-language critics. On the other hand, pothers criticized the religious themes in his works, often misunderstanding Stevenson’s own religious beliefs. Since his death a century before, critics and biographers have disagreed on the legacy of Stevenson’s writing. Two biographers, KF and CP, wrote a biography about Stevenson with a clear focus. They chose not to criticize aspects of Stevenson’s personal life. Instead, they focused on his writing, and gave high praise to his writing style and skill.The literary pendulum has a swung these days. Different critics have different opinions towards Robert Louis Stevenson’s works. Though today, Stevenson is one of the most translated authors in the world, his works have sustained a wide variety of negative criticism throughout his life. it was like a complete reversal of polarity---from highly positive to slightly less positive to clearly negative; after being highly praised as a great writer, he became an example of an author with corrupt ethics and lack of moral. Many literary critics passed his works off as children’s stories or horror stories, and thought to have little social value in an educational setting. Stevenson’s works were often excluded from literature curriculum because of its controversial nature. These debates remain, and many critics still assert that despite his skill, his literary works still lack moral value.One of the main reasons why Stevenson’s literary works attracted so much criticism was due to the genre of his writing. Stevenson mainly wrote adventure stories, which was part of a popular and entertaining writing fad at the time. Many of us believe adventure stories are exciting, offers engaging characters, action, and mystery but ultimately can’t teach moral principles. The plot points are one-dimensional and rarely offer a deeper moral meaning, instead focusing on exciting and shocking plot twists and thrilling events. His works were even criticized by fellow authors. Though Stevenson’s works have deeply influenced Oscar Wilde, Wilde often joked that Stevenson would have written better works if he wasn’t born in Scotland. Other authors came to Stevenson’s defence, including Galsworthy who claimed that Stevenson is a greater writer than Thomas Hardy.Despite Wilde’s criticism, Stevenson’s Scottish identity was integral part of his writing works. Although Stevenson’s works were not popular in Scotland when he was alive, many modern Scottish literary critics claim that Sir Walter Scott and Robert Louis Stevenson are the most influential writers in the history of Scotland. While many critics exalt Sir Walter Scott as a literary genius because of his technical ability, others argue that Stevenson deserves the same recognition for his natural ability to capture stories and characters in words. Many of Scott’s works were taken more seriously as literature for their depth due to their tragic themes, but fans of Stevenson praise his unique style of story-telling and capture of human nature. Stevenson’s works, unlike other British authors, captured the unique day to day life of average Scottish people. Many literary critics point to this as a flaw of his works. According to the critics, truly important literature should translate local culture and stories. However, many critics praise the local taste of his literature. To this day, Stevenson’s works provide valuable insight to life in Scotland during the 19th century.Despite much debate of Stevenson’s writing topics, his writing was not the only source of attention for critics. Stevenson’s personal life often attracted a lot of attention from his fans and critics alike. Some even argue that his personal life eventually outshone his writing. Stevenson had been plagued with health problems his whole life, and often had to live in much warmer climates than the cold, dreary weather of Scotland in order to recover, so he took his family to a south pacific island Samoa, which was a controversial decision at that time. However, Stevenson didn’t regret the decision. The sea air and thrill of adventure complimented the themes of his writing, and for a time restored his health. From there, Stevenson gained a love of travelling, and for nearly three years he wandered the eastern and central Pacific. Much of his works reflected this love of travel and adventure that Stevenson experienced in the Pacific islands. It was as a result of this biographical attention that the feeling grew that interest in Stevenson’s life had taken the place of interest in his works. Whether critics focus on his writing subjects, his religious beliefs, or his eccentric lifestyle of travel and adventure, people from the past and present have different opinions about Stevenson as an author. Today, he remains a controversial yet widely popular figure in western literature.1. Stevenson’s biographers KF and CP .A. underestimated the role family played in Stevenson’s life.B. overestimated the writer’s works in the literature history.C. exaggerated Stevenson’s religious belief in his works.D. elevated Stevenson’s role as a writer.2. The main point of the second paragraph is .A. the public give a more fair criticism to Stevenson’s works.B. recent criticism has been justified.C. the style of Stevenson’s works overweigh his faults in his life.D. Stevenson’s works’ drawback is lack of ethical nature.3. According to the author, adventure stories .A. do not provide plot twists well.B. cannot be used by writers to show moral values.C. are more fashionable art form.D. can be found in other’s works but not in Stevenson’s.4. What does the author say about Stevenson’s works?A. They describe the life of people in Scotland.B. They are commonly regarded as real literature.C. They were popular during Stevenson’s life.D. They transcend the local culture and stories.5. The lifestyle of Stevenson .A. made his family envy him so much.B. should be responsible for his death.C. gained more attention from the public than his works.D. didn’t well prepare his life in Samoa.Passage BIn Britain one of the most dramatic changes of the Industrial Revolution was the harnessing of power. Until the reign of GeorgeⅢ(1760-1820), available sources of power for work and travel had not increased since the Middle Ages. There were three sources of power: animal or human muscles; the wind, operating on sail or windmill; and running water. Only the last of these was suited at all to the continuous operating of machines, and although waterpower abounded in Lancashire and Scotland and ran grain mills as well as textile mills, it had one great disadvantage: streams flowed where nature intended them to, and water-driven factories had to be located on their banks whether or not the location was desirable for other reasons. Furthermore, even the most reliable waterpower varied with the seasons and disappeared in a drought. The new age of machinery, in short, could not have been born without a new source of both movable and constant power.The source had long been known but not exploited. Early in the eighteenth century, a pump had come into use in which expanding steam raised a piston in a cylinder, and atmospheric pressure brought it down again when the steam condensed inside the cylinder to form a vacuum. This “atmospheric engine”, invented by Thomas Savery and vastly improved by his partner, Thomas Newcomen, embodied outside the coal mines for which it had been designed. In the 1760s, James Watt perfected a separate condenser for the steam, so that the cylinder did not have to be cooled at every stroke; then he devised a way to make the piston turn a wheel and thus convert reciprocating (back and forth) motion into rotary motion. He thereby transformed an inefficient pump of limited use into a steam engine of a thousand uses. The final step came when steam was introduced into the cylinder to drive the piston backward as well as forward, thereby increasing the speed of the engine and cutting its fuel consumption.Watt’s steam engine soon showed what it could do. It liberated industry from dependence on running water. The engine eliminated water in the mines by driving efficient pumps, which make possible deeper and deeper mining. The ready availability of coal inspired William Murdoch during the 1790s to develop the first new form of nighttime illumination to be discovered in a millennium and a half. Coal gas rivaled smoky oil lamps and flickering candles, and early in the new century, well-to-do Londoners grew accustomed to gas-lit houses and even streets. Iron manufacturers, which had starved for fuel while depending on charcoal, also benefited from ever-increasing supplies of coal: blast furnaces with steam-powered bellows turned out more iron and steel for the new machinery. Steam became the motive force of the industrial revolution as coal and iron ore were the raw materials.By 1800 more than a thousand steam engines were in use in the British Isles, and Britain retained a virtual monopoly engine production until the 1830s. Steam power did not merely spin cotton and roll iron; early in the new century, it also multiplied ten times over the amount of paper that a single worker could produce in a day. At the same time, operators of the first printing presses run by steam rather than by hand found it possible to produce a thousand pages in an hour rather than thirty. Steam also promised to eliminate a transportation problem not fully solved by either canal boats or turnpikes could cross the hills, but the roadbeds could not stand up undergreat weights. These problems needed still another solution, and the ingredients for it lay close at hand, in some industrial regions, heavily laden wagons, with flanged wheels, where being hauled by horses along metal rails; and the stationary steam engine was puffing in the factory and mine. Another generation passed before inventors succeeded in combining these ingredients, by putting the engine on wheels and the wheels on the rails, so as to provide a machine to take the place of the horse. Thus the railroad age sprang from what had already happened in the eighteenth century.6. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the first passage?A. Running water was the best power source for factories since it could keep machines operating continuously, but since it was abundant only in Lancashire and Scotland, most mills and factories that were located elsewhere could not be water driven.B. The disadvantage of using waterpower is that streams do not necessarily flow in places that are the most suitable for factories, which explains why so many water-powered grain and textile mills were located in undesirable places.C. Since machines could be operated continuously only where running water was abundant, grain and textile mills, as well as other factories, tended to be located only in Lancashire and Scotland.D. Running water was the only source of power that was suitable for the continuous operation of machines, but to make use of it, factories had to be located where the water was, regardless of whether such locations made sense otherwise.7. According to paragraph 2, the “atmospheric engine” was slow because .A. it had been designed to be used in coal minesB. the cylinder had to cool between each strokeC. it made use of expanding steam to raise the piston in its cylinderD. it could be operated only when a large supply of fuel was available8. In paragraph 3, the author mentions William Murdoch’s invention of a new form of nighttime illumination in order to .A. indicate one of the important developments made possible by the introduction of Watt’s steam engineB. make the point that Watt’s steam engine was not the only invention of importance to the Industrial RevolutionC. illustrate how important coal was as a raw material for the Industrial RevolutionD. provide an example of another eighteenth-century invention that used steam as a power source9. According to paragraph 4, which of the following statements about steam engines is true?A. They were used for the production of paper but not for printing.B. By 1800, significant numbers of them were produced outside of Britain.C. They were used in factories before they were used to power trains.D. They were used in the construction of canals and turnpikes.10. According to paragraph 4, providing a machine to take the place of the horse involvedcombining which two previously ingredients?A. Turnpikes and canalsB. Stationary steam engines and wagons with flanged wheelsC. Metal rails in road beds and wagons capable of carrying heavy loadsD. Canal boats and heavily laden wagonsSection 2 Answering questions(20’)Directions:Read the following two passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage. Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answers on the answer sheet.Questions 1-3Americans today choose among more options in more parts of life than has ever been possible before. To an extent, the opportunity to choose enhances our lives. It is only logical to think that if some choices are good, more is better; people who care about having infinite options will benefit from them, and those who don’t can always just ignore the 273versions cereal they have never tried. Yet recent research strongly suggests that, psychological, this assumption is wrong, with 5% lower percentage announcing they are happy. Although some choices are undoubtedly better than none, more is not always better than less.Recent research offers insight into why many people end up unhappy rather than pleased when their options expand. We began by making a distinction between “maximisers” (those who always aim to make the best possible choice) and “satisfiers” ( those who aim for good enough whether or not better selection might be out there).In particular, we composed a set of statements---the Maximisation Scale---to diagnose people’s propensity to maximize. Then we had several thousand people rate themselves from 1 to 7 (from completely disagree to completely agree) on such statements as “I never settle for second best.”We also evaluated their sense of satisfaction with their decisions. We didn’t define a sharp cutoff to separate maximisers from satisfiers, but in general, we think of individuals whose average scores are higher than 4 (the scale’s midpoint) as maximisers and those whose scores are lower than the midpoint as satisfiers. People who score highest on the test---the greatest maximisers---engage in more product comparisons than the lowest scorers, both before and after they make purchasing decisions, and they take longer to decide what to buy. When satisfiers find an item that meets their standards, they stop looking. But maximisers exert enormous effort reading labels, checking out consumer magazines and trying new products. They also spend more time comparing their purchasing decisions with those of others.We found that the greatest maximisers are the least happy with the fruits of their efforts. When they compare themselves with others, they get little pleasure from finding out that they did better and substantial dissatisfaction from finding out that they did worse. They are more prone to experiencing regret after a purchase, and if their acquisition disappoints them, their sense of well-being takes longer to recover. They also tend to brood or ruminate more than satisfiers do.Does it follow that maximisers are less happy in general than satisfiers? We tested this by having people fill out a variety of questionnaires known to be reliable indicators of well-being. As might be expected, individuals with high maximisation scores experienced less satisfactionwith life and were less happy, less optimistic and more depressed than people with low maximization scores. Indeed, those with extreme maximization ratings had depression scores that placed them in the borderline of clinical range.Several factors explain why more choice is not always better than less, especially for maximisers. High among these are “opportunity costs.”The quality f any given option cannot be assessed in isolation from its alternatives. One of the “costs” of making a selection is losing the opportunities that a different option would have afforded. Thus an opportunity cost of vacationing on the beach in Cape Cod might be missing the fabulous restaurants in the Napa Valley. Early Decision Making Research by Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky showed that people respond much more strongly to losses than gains. If we assume that opportunity costs reduce the overall desirability of the most preferred choice, then the more alternatives there are, the deeper our sense of loss will be and the less satisfaction we will derive from our ultimate decision.The problem of opportunity costs will be better for a satisfier. The latter’s “good enough” philosophy can survive thoughts about opportunity costs. In addition, the “good enough” standard leads to much less searching and inspection of alternatives than the maximiser’s “best” standard. With fewer choices under consideration, a person will have fewer opportunity costs to subtract.Just as people feel sorrow about the opportunities they have forgone, they may also suffer regret about the option they settled on. My colleagues and I devised a scale to measure proneness to feeling regret, and we found that people with high sensitivity to regret are less happy, less satisfied with life, less optimistic and more depressed than those with low sensitivity. Not surprisingly, we also found that people with high regret sensitivity tend to be maximisers. Indeed, we think that worry over future regret is a major reason that individuals become maximisers. The only way to be sure you will not regret a decision is by making the best possible one. Unfortunately, the more options you have and the more opportunity costs you incur, the more likely you are to experience regret.In a classic demonstration of the power of sunk costs, people were offered season subscriptions to a local theatre company. Some were offered the tickets at full price and others at a discount. Then the researchers simply kept track of how often the ticket purchasers actually attended the plays over the course of the season. Full-price payers were more likely to show up at performances than discount payers. The reason for this, the investigators argued, was that thefull-price payers would experience more regret if they didn’t use the tickets because not using the more costly tickets would constitute a bigger loss. To increase sense of happiness, we can decide to restrict our options when the decision is not crucial.1. What is the aim of the Maximisation Scale composed by the researchers? Who tend to be least happy when making choices?2. Why were the full-price ticket payers more likely to show up at the performances?3. According to the passage, what can be done to increase the sense of happiness when making a better choice?Questions 4-5The raging battle over SOPA and PIPA, the proposed anti-privacy laws, is looking more and more likely to end in favor of Internet freedom-but it won’t be the last battle of its kind. Although, ethereal as it is, the internet seems destined to survive in some form or another, experts warn that there are many threats to its status quo existence, and there is much about it that could be ruined or lost.Physical destructionA vast behemoth that can route around outages and self-heal, the Internet has grown physically invulnerable to destruction by bombs, fires or natural disasters---within countries, at least. It’s “very richly interconnected,” said David Clark, a computer scientist at MIT who was a leader in the development of the Internet in the 1970s. “You would have to work really hard to find a small number of places where you could seriously disrupt connectivity.”On 9/11, for example, the destruction of the major switching center in south Manhattan disrupted service locally. But service was restored about 15 minutes later when the center “healed” as the built-in protocols routed users and information around the outage.However, while it’s essentially impossible to cripple connectivity internally in a country, Clark said it is conceivable that one country could block another’s access to its share of the Internet cloud; this could be done by severing the actual cables that carry Internet data between the two countries. Thousands of miles of undersea fiber-optic cables that convey data from continent to continent rise out of the ocean in only a few dozen locations, branching out from those hubs to connect to millions of computers. But if someone were to blow up one of these hubs—the station in Miami, for example, which handles some 90 percent of the Internet traffic between North American and Latin America, the Internet connection between the two would be severely hampered until the infrastructure was repaired.Such a move would be “an act of cyber war,” Clark told Life’s Little Mysteries, a sister site to Livescience.content cacheEven an extreme disruption of international connectivity would not seriously threaten the survival of Web content itself. A “hard” copy of most data is stored in nonvolatile memory, which sticks around with or without power, and whether you have Internet access to it or not. Furthermore, according to William Lehr, an MIT economist who studies the economics and regulatory policy of the Internet-infrastructure industries, the corporate data centers that harbor Web content-everything from your enemies to this article have sophisticated ways to back up and diversely store the data, including simply storing copies in multiple locations.Google even stores cached copies of all Wikipedia pages; these were accessible on Jan.18 when Wikipedia took its own versions of the pages offline in protest of SOPA and PIPA. This diversified storage plan keeps the content itself safe, but it also offers some protection against loss of access to any one copy of the data in the event of a cyber war. For example, if power were cut to a server, you may be unable to reach a website on its home server, but you may find a cached version of the content stored on another, accessible server. Or, “if you wanted data that was not available from a server in country X, you may be able to get substantively the same data from a server in country Y.” Lehr said.Internet arms race。
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姓名：报考专业：准考证号码：密封线内不要写题年全国硕士研究生招生考试初试自命题试题科目名称：翻译硕士英语（ A 卷□B 卷）科目代码：考试时间： 3 小时 满分 100 无 □计算器 □直尺 □圆规（请在使用工具前打√）注意：所有答题内容必须写在答题纸上，写在试题或草稿纸上的一律无效；考完后试题随答题纸交回。
Part I. Vocabulary and Grammar (20 points, 1 point for each) Directions: There are 20 statements in this section. After each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Select the only one choice that best completes the statement. Write your answers on your answer sheet.the networks to local cable operators and satellite programmers.Part III. Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 point for each) Directions: Read the following passages and answer the questions. Choose the most appropriate answer for each question and circle the letter on the answer sheet. Remember to write the letter corresponding to the question number.Questions 31-35 are based on the following passage:The health-care economy is filled with unusual and even unique economic relationships. One of the least understanding involves the peculiar roles of producer or “provider”and purchaser or “consumer”in the typical doctor-patient relationship. In most sectors of the economy, it is the seller who attempts to attract a potential buyer with various inducements of price, quality, and utility, and it is the buyer who makes the decision. Such condition, however, does not prevail in most of the health-care industry.In the health-care industry, the doctor-patient relationship is the mirror image of the ordinary relationship between producer and consumer. Once an individual has chosen to see a physician — and even then there may be no real choice — it is the physician who usually makes all significant purchasing decisions: whether the patient should return “next Wednesday”, whether X-rays are needed, whether drugs should be prescribed, etc. It is a rare and sophisticated patient who will challenge such professional decisions or raise in advance questions about price, especially when the disease is regarded as serious.This is particularly significant in relation to hospital care. The physician must certify the need for hospitalization, determine what procedures will be performed, and announce when the patient may be discharged. The patient may be consulted about some of these decisions, but in the main it is the doctor’s judgments that are final. Little wonder then that in the eye of the hospital it is the physician who is the real “consumer”. As a consequence, the medical staff represents the “power center” in hospital policy and decision-making, not the administration.Although usually there are in this situation four identifiable participants — the physician, the hospital, the patient, and the payer (generally an insurance carrier or government) —the physician makes the essential decisions for all of them. The hospital becomes an extension ofthe physician; the payer generally meets most of the bills generated by the physician/hospital, and for the most part the patient plays a passive role. We estimate that about 75-80 percent of health-care expenditures are determined by physicians, not patients. For this reason, the economy directed at patients or the general is relatively ineffective.31. What’s the author’s main purpose in writing this passage?A. To criticize doctors for exercising too much control over patients.B. To analyze some important economic factors in health-care.C. To urge hospitals to reclaim their decision-making authority.D. To inform potential patients of their health-care rights.32. In the health-care industry, the patients _____________.A. perform the role of being “providers”B. decide which physician to consultC. never raise questions about priceD. never consult with the doctors33. According to the author, when a doctor tells a patient to “return next Wednesday”, thedoctor is in effect _____________.A. instructing the patient to buy more medical servicesB. warning the patient that a hospital stay might be necessaryC. advising the patient to seek a second opinionD. admitting that the initial visit, was ineffective34. Doctors are able to determine hospital policies most probably because _____________.A. it is doctors who generate income for the hospitalB. a doctor is ultimately responsible for a patient’s healthC. most of the patients don’t challenge the doctor’s decisionsD. the administration doesn’t know about medicine as much as doctors35. The author is most probably leading up to _____________.A. an analysis of the role of the hospital administrationB. a study of lawsuits against doctors’ malpracticeC. a discussion of a new medical treatmentD. a proposal to control medical costsQuestions 36-40 are based on the following passage:A massive pool of warm ocean water is causing changes in the atmosphere that could produce unusual weather around the world in the next few months, the US National Weather Service reported on Monday. As a result of this phenomenon, known as El Nino, more rainfall than normal is likely this winter across some areas of the United States, with unusually warm or cold weather in other parts of the country.Currently the phenomenon is marked by a warm pool of water along the equator extending from the International Date Line nearly to the coast of South America. “That water is nearly 4 degrees Fahrenheit above normal”, explained Vernon Kousky of the climate center.This warm water “spreads almost a quarter of the way around the globe. So it’s massive and it has an impact on our weather. It has a global influence... because it disturbs the atmosphere”, said Dave Rodenhuis, director of the climate center. “El Nino is probably the most important climate event beyond the annual cycle of seasons”, he added.Because the changes tended to be first noticed around Christmas, the phenomenon was given the name El Nino, which is Spanish for child, a term often used to refer to the baby Jesus. The phenomenon occurs every three to five years, sometimes in a mild form and sometimes strongly affecting weather patterns worldwide. Details of its cause are not fully understood, but when it occurs, unusually warm air can be pumped into Canada, Alaska and the northern United States. At the same time, conditions tend to be wetter than normal along the US Southeast Coast and the Gulf of Mexico. And the Atlantic and Caribbean hurricane season tends to be milder than usual.The strong El Nino of 1982-1983 was blamed for worsening the devastating drought in Africa, causing a series or severe winter storms to come ashore in California, spawning the first typhoon to strike French Polynesia in 75 years —followed by five more in five months —deluging Peru and Ecuador with torrential rains and promoting the worst drought in two centuries in Australia.Overall damage was estimated at between $2 billion and $8 billion by a United Nations analysis and the death toll topped l,500 worldwide.36. El Nino can best be described as _____________.A. unusually long period of hot or cold weatherB. unusual changes of weather around the worldC. atmospheric change caused by warm ocean waterD. rising temperature of the ocean water and atmosphere37. The warm water is affecting the weather globally because _____________.A. its temperature is too much above normalB. it covers a vast area in the worldC. it is one of the most important climate eventsD. its influence begins from the equator38. Which of the following is TRUE about the naming of El Nino?A. The name had something to do with Christianity.B. The name was given by a religious researcher.C. The name indicates that El Nino most usually happens around Christmas.D. The name implies that the first phenomenon of El Nino appeared in Spain.39. What is least known about El Nino according to the passage?A. The climate changes caused by El Nino.B. The areas influenced by El Nino.C. How often El Nino happens.D. How El Nino is formed.40. What does the author want to tell us about El Nino by the last two paragraphs?A. The UN’s concern about it.B. The measures taken against it.C. Its intensity.D. Its frequency.Questions 41-45 are based on the following passage:In the early days of nuclear power, the United States make money on it. But today opponents have resisted its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown”. Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U. S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgment to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But don’t expect them even on U. S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during or even after construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case when a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-60’s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by antinuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham startup, used his power to force New York’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement: the power company couldpass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant. Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of thousands of homes, sits rusting.41. What’s the author’s attitude toward the development of nuclear power?A. Negative.B. Neutral.C. Positive.D. Questioning.42. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A. The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation Commission.B. The enormous cost of construction and operation.C. The length of time it takes to make investigations.D. The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.43. What can be inferred from Paragraph 2?A. There are not enough safety measures in the U. S. for running new nuclear power plants.B. It is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in theU. S.C. There are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U. S.D. The American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in theU. S.44. Governor Mario Cuomo’s chief intention in proposing the settlement was to ____________.A. stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB. urge the power company to further increase its power supplyC. permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditionsD. help the power company to solve its financial problems45. What does the phrase “single out” mean?A. Delay.B. End up.C. Complete.D. Separate.Questions 46-50 are based on the following passage:A lot of animals are afraid during an eclipse of the sun. Birds stop singing. Sometimes people too are afraid. Astronomers know the dates of eclipses and they are not afraid. The old astronomers of Babylon and Egypt had no telescopes; but the sky in those countries was usually clear, so they could watch the stars easily. They studied everything in the sky and they also noticed both total and partial eclipses.Because they knew the dates of eclipses, they had great power. People believed that the sky was important. They believed that an eclipse could kill a man.About 2500 years ago there was a very long war. One battle followed another, and the end never came. During one of the battles, there was a partial eclipse of the sun. The day got very dark, and the soldiers on both sides were filled with fear. They believed that the gods were angry. So they stopped fighting, and ended their long war.The sun is a star. It appears to be bigger than any other star. That is because it is near us; but the other stars are far away. The sun shines because it is very hot, but the moon shines because it reflects the sun’s light. It is like a big mirror. If we visited the moon, we should see the earth. It is also like a mirror and it reflects the light of the sun.Does the sun ever get dark during the day? It does so when the moon hides it. Sometimes the moon goes in front of the sun. We can watch its edge when it slowly crosses the sun’s disc. Everything gets darker and darker; then, at last, we cannot see any part of the sun’s disc. The moon is hiding it completely. That is a total eclipse of the sun; sometimes only part of the sun’s disc is hidden; that is not a total eclipse. It is a partial eclipse of the sun.46. What is the passage mainly about?A. The old astronomers.B. Eclipse of the sun.C. The eclipses in Babylon and Egypt.D. The correlation between the sun and the earth.47. What can be concluded from the passage?A. All people are afraid of eclipse of the sun.B. The old astronomers could watch the stars easily with telescopes.C. The old astronomers had no interest in the sky.D. The date of eclipse could be forecast.48. Why did the war mentioned in the Paragraph 3 end?A. Because the astronomers used their great power to stop it.B. Because an eclipse killed the soldiers on both sides.C. Because the war took so long time that the soldiers felt tired.D. Because a partial eclipse of the sun happened during one of the battles.49. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. The sun is very hot because it shines.B. The moon can shine because it is a star.C. Other stars appear to be smaller than the sun because they are far away.D. The earth cannot reflect the light of the sun because it isn’t a real mirror.50. Why does an eclipse of the sun happen according to the passage?A. Because the moon passes between the sun and the earth.B. Because the sun gets dark during the day.C. Because the earth’s shadow falls on the moon.D. Because no light from the sun can reach the moon.Part IV. Writing (30 points)51.Directions: Nowadays cultural self-confidence is a hot topic in China. Some。