泰州市2017届一模考试
2017南通泰州一模解析PPT教学课件
2020/10/16
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1.(3分)C
别树一帜:树:立;比喻另创一家或另创局面。 别出心裁:别:另外;心裁:心中的设计、筹划。另有一 种构思或设计。指想出的办法与众不同。 层出不穷:接连不断地出现,没有穷尽。 不绝如缕:绝:断;缕:细线。多形容局面危急或声音、 气息等低沉微弱、时断时续。熏染:熏陶与沾染。 陶冶:指怡情养性,比喻给人的思想、性格以有益的影响3分)B
A.句式杂糅,删去“来完成的”。
C.动宾不搭配“维护”与 “环境”不搭配 整治环境
D.不合逻辑。默契是有人懂你的“言外之意”,并非 是懂你的“欲言又止”
2020/10/16
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3.(3分)B 4.(3分)A
璧还:敬语,原璧退还。用于归还原物或推辞谢绝赠品。
5.(3分)C
曰童子之师,曰乡会试之师,曰投拜之师。人生五六岁,始能识字。
为师之道废弃很久了。古时候所说的老师,是传授经书的老师,是
德行学问为人表率的老师;现在所说的老师,是教童子试的老师,
是教乡试与会试的老师,是接受学生投拜的老师。人长到五六岁,
才能识字, 2020/10/16
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父兄曰:“汝师之。”吾从而师之。非必道德之可师也,巫医百工 之人皆有师。童子之师,犹巫医百工之师,称之曰师可也。乡会试 主司同考之于士子,朝廷未尝许其为师,而相沿师之者,三百余年。
2020/10/16
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若欲藉仆以纳交一二巨公,俾少为援手,则仆之硁硁②自守,不干 人以私,友朋所共知。仆固不欲自误,而亦何忍以误足下乎?如以 仆粗通经史,可备刍荛之询,他日以平交往还足矣。直谅多闻, 谓之三益。不识仆之戅直,得附足下益友之一否?惟足下裁察。
如果想借助我来结交一两个有权势的官臣,我很少能成为援手, 因为我浅薄而固执自保、不用私事去麻烦别人,朋友们都知道,我 本来不想自己犯错,又怎么忍心来让您犯错呢?如果您认为我粗通 经史、可以准备草野鄙陋的意见供您询问,以后以平等的身份往来 相处,就足够了。正直、诚信、见识广博,叫做三种有益的朋友, 不知道 迂愚刚直的我能不能攀附您当您的一个益友呢?希望您裁 断审察。
2017年江苏省泰州市泰兴市中考英语一模试卷含答案
2017年江苏省泰州市泰兴市中考英语一模试卷一、单项选择从下列每题所给的选项中,选择一个最佳答案.(15 分)1.(1分)US President Donald Trump hosted party to welcome President Xi Jinping in place called Mar﹣a﹣Lago resort.()A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;/2.(1分)﹣How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?﹣It's easy.I just followed the ______.()A.instructions B.instruments C.interviews D.inventions3.(1分)﹣May I wear my jeans to school tomorrow?﹣Sorry.Everyone wear his or her school uniform during the sports meeting.()A.can B.may C.will D.must4.(1分)﹣Do you know the young girl who tried to save her disabled dad from a fire?﹣You mean Guo Jiajia?It was very of her to do that.()A.silly B.serious C.friendly D.brave5.(1分)﹣You aren't supposed to smoke in public.It's bad for our health.﹣Sorry,I will ______ my cigarette right now.()A.give up B.put down C.put out D.give away6.(1分)The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(一带一路国际合作高峰论坛)will be heldMay 14 15 Beijing.()A.in;on;at B.between;and;atC.from;to;in D.on;to;in7.(1分)﹣Did sing an English song at the party?﹣No,was expected to do so.()A.everybody;anybody B.somebody;nobodyC.anybody;somebody D.anybody;nobody8.(1分)﹣As we know it's difficult to live in a foreign country.﹣if you can't understand the language there.()A.Hardly B.Naturally C.Usually D.Especially9.(1分)﹣﹣______ will the discussion last?﹣﹣______ we reach an agreement.()A.How long;Not until B.When;Not untilC.How long,Until D.When,Until10.(1分)﹣Thanks for your wonderful dinner.﹣.I'm glad you like it.()A.Forget it B.Don't say thatC.Don't mention it D.It doesn't matter11.(1分)Although a great deal of money at the charity show,the cost of living a lot.So we still need to do much work to help the poor people.()A.was raised;has raised B.was raised;has risenC.rose;was raised D.rose;has risen12.(1分)﹣My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about yours?﹣my dad my mom likes it.The TV series,In the Name of People(人民的名义),is their only love at the moment.()A.Not only;but also B.Both;andC.Either;or D.Neither;nor13.(1分)﹣So you gave her your mobile phone?﹣.She said she'd return it to me after she bought a new one.()A.My pleasure B.Not exactlyC.With pleasure D.No problem14.(1分)﹣How are you getting along with your studies?﹣I haven't made I should.()A.so more progress as B.as much progress asC.so many progress as D.such much progress as15.(1分)﹣Could you tell me______________________________?﹣"Rome was not built in a day."You should try to give it enough chances to become strong.()A.what I can do to have a good memoryB.how I can do to have a good memoryC.why I should have a good memoryD.how can I have a good memory二、完形填空阅读短文,从A、B、C、D 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(15 分)16.(15分)For the past five years,44﹣year﹣old Rami Adham has spent much of his time helping children in Syria(叙利亚).He keeps sending (16)to them.Rami Adham was (17)in Syria,but moved to Finland with hisfamily in 1989.When Syrian civil war(内战)took place in 2011,he(18)to help the children in his hometown.In the beginning,he (19)planned on sending toys.He thought food,medicine and drinking water were more (20)Once his daughter asked him to send her toys to the children in Syria.When Adham gave the toys to those poor children,he saw the (21)on their faces.From then on,he made toys on the top of his gift list.Adham soon became known (22)the Father Christmas of Syria.He has travelled from Finland to Syria 28times.And he won't stop (23)the war ends.Every time he goes to Syria,he carries a heavy bag of toys on his back all the way.It's a trip full of(24).He might get hurt or be killed at any time,(25)he never gives up."Now children in Syria are facing death and many (26)possible threats(威胁).I think the toys are really (27)for the children,"he said."No matter whatthey (28),they are always happy to share it with others."Adham is having a campaign(活动)(29).He wants to raise 100,000dollars.If it is(30),he plans to use the money to build schools in Syria.16.A.books B.food C.money D.toys 17.A.born B.grown C.learned D.left 18.A.forgot B.regretted C.decided D.refused 19.A.usually B.never C.sometimes D.often 20.A.romantic B.amazing C.important D.complete 21.A.joy B.sadness C.anger D.fear22.A.as B.for C.with D.after 23.A.because B.though C.after D.until 24.A.danger B.happiness C.safety D.patience 25.A.and B.if C.so D.but 26.A.another B.other C.others D.the other 27.A.unknown B.valuable C.expensive D.useless 28.A.remember B.record C.receive D.remind 29.A.just now B.for a moment C.at that time D.at present 30.A.interesting B.necessary C.powerful D.difficult.三、阅读理解阅读下面三篇材料,根据材料内容从各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项(30 分)31.(10分)31.When did the medic in Hacksaw Ridge save many soldiers?A.During a war against Germany in World WarⅠ.B.During a war against France in World WarⅡ.C.During a war against Japan in World WarⅡ.D.During a war against Japan in World WarⅠ.32.Who is Makoto Shinkai?A.The lead role of the film Your Name.B.The singer for the theme song of Hacksaw Ridge.C.The main character in the film Sully.D.The person who wrote the novel for the film Your Name.33.What can we learn about the heroine(女主角)in Your Name?A.She is a girl living in Tokyo.B.She exchanged her body with a boy.C.She is a student in the university.D.She communicates with the boy by calling him.34.What story does the film Sully tell?A.A car accident.B.An earthquake.C.A rainstorm.D.A flight accident35.What do the three films share in common?A.They are all based on novels.B.They were released in the same month in China.C.They are all fantasy films.D.They are all about the war.36.(10分)You may know a lot about sports like basketball and football,but do you know anything about the sport called ice hockey(冰球)?Well,right now,ice hockey teams of the USA and Canada are playing against each other in the Stanley Cup Finals.This is the biggest award a North American ice hockey team can win every year.Ice hockey is like football because there are goalies(守门员),and each team tries to hit the puck(冰球)into the other team's goal.But that's where the similarities end.All the ice hockey players wear skates and helmets to protect themselves.They each carry a stick that they must use to hit the puck into the goal.This is an exciting physical sport which can get a little rough(粗鲁的),kind of like Americanfootball.It's not uncommon for fights to take place.Ice hockey is the most popular inCanada and the USA,and now it is making a quick move to another country﹣China.You might be surprised to find that ice hockey is becoming popular in China,and many children join ice hockey teams.The Beijing Ice Hockey Association was set up in 2012and has grown from an only 80﹣child team to a more than 1,700﹣child one today.In 2015,Song Andong tried out for the National Hockey League in the USA and became the first China﹣born ice hockey player to be drafted into it.And since Beijing will host the 2022Winter Olympics,the Chinese government is working to build up the popularity of winter sports like ice hockey.So do you want to step onto the ice?36.From this passage,we can learn that ice hockey is the most popular in_.A.EuropeB.AfricaC.South AmericaD.North America37.The writer thinks an ice hockey game is a little.A.politeB.rudeC.gentleD.cool38.Which of the following about the ice hockey players is NOT true when they are in a match?A.They wear skates and helmets.B.They touch the puck with hands,heads and arms.C.They use their sticks to hit the puck into the goal.D.They try to hit the puck into the other team's goal.39.What's the Chinese meaning of the underlined word"drafted"?A.选秀B.辞退C.设计D.培养40.Which one is the best title for this passage?A.Famous Ice Hockey TeamsB.Ice Hockey in ChinaC.Ice Hockey is becoming more popularD.A Popular Chinese Sport.41.(10分)Imagine the situation:You are driving across a desert or on a mountain at night.It is cold.You have no idea where you are.Then your car breaks down.You have no mobile phone either.What should you do?Well,take the GPS with you next time.It is a device(装置)which can find the user'slocation with the help of satellites(卫星).It cannot start your car,but at least you will know where you are.GPS,which is short for Global Positioning System,is a small radio receiver.It looks like a mobile phone.You can hold it in your hand or put it in your pocket.It is sometimes put into a watch or a telephone.You can also find GPS devices in cars,planes and boats.There are electronic maps in some of those devices,so they can help you know exactly where you are.For example,in a city they can tell you the name of the street.There are three parts in the GPS system.The first part is the receiver.You can hold it in your hand,or it can be fixed into your car,plane,etc.The second part is the satellites circling the Earth.The receiver contacts at least four of them.The third part of the system is the network of ground stations all over the world.They control the satellites and make sure they are working well.Some people think that in the future the GPS devices will be as common as the mobile phones.They will become cheaper and more accurate(精确的).There will also be new uses for them.Perhaps they will be like watches.Everyone will have one and nobody will be lost.41.According to the passage,people with the help of the GPS.A.won't be lost in a new cityB.can't find their way in strange countriesC.can get to another place in less timeD.can learn about the culture of an unknown place42.Why can the GPS device help you know where you are?A.Because it looks like a mobile phone.B.Because you can hold it in your hand.C.Because there are some electronic maps in some of them.D.Because it is a small radio receiver.43.We can learn from the passage that_.A.a GPS device can't be put into a watchB.there are three parts in the GPS systemC.a GPS device can help you start your carD.the GPS is becoming more and more expensive44.The underlined word"them"in Paragraph 3refers to(指的是)"".A.receiversB.devicesC.satellitesD.stations45.What can we infer(推断)from the passage?A.All GPS devices have electronic maps.B.People in many countries will use the GPS for free.C.The receiver of the GPS contacts at least five of the satellites.D.The GPS will become more common in daily life in the future.四、阅读表达(10 分)阅读下面的短文,根据短文内容回答问题.46.(10分)Perhaps you've already watched or heard about Readers (《朗读者》),a TV show that has recently become popular.It invites different people to read aloud on the stage,as well as tell the touching stories behind them.They can read everything,like poems,books and letters.Many people are fans of the show and begin to enjoy readingaloud at home.Now the show gives people a special place to read across China.Reading pavilions(朗读亭)are now in cities like Shanghai,Hangzhou and Xi'an.The pavilion is quite small.Only one person can come into it each time.There is a microphone in it and it records people's voices.Everyone can read anything they like for three minutes in the pavilion.The show will later pick some of the readers and invite them to read on TV.People of all ages have come and read in the pavilion,according to People's Daily."Reading should be just like singing and talking,"said Dong Qing,the host of the show."We can actually express our deep feelings through reading aloud." Both the TV show and the pavilion are promoting(推进)reading among the public.In fact,ourcountry is also trying to do that now.46.What do different people do on the stage of the show?(答案不超过8 个词)47.Which cities are reading pavilions in now?(答案不超过4 个词)48.How long can people read in the pavilion?(答案不超过3 个词)49.Who is the host of the show?(答案不超过2 个词)50.What can you learn from the passage?(答案不超过7 个词).五、任务型阅读(l0 分)阅读下列短文,根据短文中的信息完成文后表格.在答题卡标有题号的横线上,写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式.(每空一词)51.(10分)I have noticed that one common characteristic that successful people have is curiosity(好奇心).Why is curiosity so important?Because it gives people fresh ideas.Curious people can see things that many other people can't.How do you develop curiosity?Here are some tips that you can follow.Expect things to be fun.Instead of expecting things to be boring,expect them to be fun.This small change in your thinking can make a big difference.Once you do it,it will be much easier for you to find the fun side of almost everything.And also,more doors of chances will be open to you.Always have questions in your mind.Whenever you deal with a thing,have questions in your mind.Questions keep your mind busy.They can change your learning process from being boring to a treasure hunt.Take on a new challenge.By taking on a new challenge,you will want to prove that you can make it.One good way to do that is to create a competition with your friends to find out who can do something faster or better.Connect new things with what you've already known.Things will be more exciting if you can connect what you're learning with what you've already known.Why?Because that improves your understanding of the world and allows you to see new things that you haven't noticed before.Add variety(多样性)to your life.Find new possibilities by stepping into new fields.Read all kinds of books.Meet people from different places.All the advice above can be summarized(概括)in just one phrase:make things fun.六、词汇运用(10 分)A. 根据句意和汉语提示,在空白处填入一个适当的单词(每空限填一词).(5 分)61.(1分)My mother wears a red(衬衫)today.It makes her feel powerful.62.(1分)Don't get close to the big dog.It looks very(危险的).63.(1分)We hope North Korea's nuclear problems(朝核问题)could be solved (和平地).64.(1分)She had a(头痛)and went to see the doctor yesterday.65.(1分)I don't understand the sentence.Would you like to(解释)it to me?66.(1分)Dear,you need to learn to let go.I'm sure our daughter can take care of.67.(1分)﹣Jack took a photo of you just now.(she).﹣Sorry!I(not look)in his direction.68.(1分)There is a beautiful park at the(south)end of the island.69.(1分)一Dad,my computer doesn't work.Can you have it(repair)?一All right.I will call Uncle Wang later.70.(1分)About five(nine)of the world's red﹣crowned cranes choose to spend winter in Yancheng Nature Reserve.七、短文填空根据短文内容及首字母提示,补全空格内单词,使短文完整、通顺.(l0 分)71.(10分)Today,an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down.These people are called the"Heads﹣down Tribe(低头族)".Are you a heads﹣down tribe (71)m?Heads﹣down tribe members now can be seen everywhere.More and more traffic accidents are (72)h because more drivers use mobile phones when they are driving.In order to make drivers pay more attention to driving,some new traffic(73)r have been made.For example,people who use mobile phones while driving are fined.As we can see above,using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost a lot of money.Also,more and more interesting and strange facts happen to the"Heads ﹣down Tribe".Let's have a look at an interesting TV (74)r.A man in America(75)k using his mobile phone on his way home.As a result,he knocked into a big lost bear.When he lifted his eyes from the phone,he was so (76)a that he turned around and ran away quickly.Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to face but looking at their (77)o mobile phones.It's strange that they don't talk to the ones who sit opposite to them (78)d the meal.Some of them even have fun communicating with otherson the phone.Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for (79)m life.Are mobile phones good or bad?It (80)d on how people use them.Let's be"healthy"users and try to be the"Heads﹣up Tribe."八、书面表达(20 分)81.(20分)每个人都想成功,但是成功的秘诀是什么?请根据下面提示,以The secret to success 为题,用英语写一篇短文.要求:1.词数100 左右.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数.2.所写内容必须包括表格中所有的信息,并作适当发挥.3.不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息.The secret to success Everyone hopes for success.Do you know the secret to success?If everyone follows these tips,success will surely come.2017年江苏省泰州市泰兴市中考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、单项选择从下列每题所给的选项中,选择一个最佳答案.(15 分)1.(1分)US President Donald Trump hosted party to welcome President Xi Jinping in place called Mar﹣a﹣Lago resort.()A.the;a B.a;the C.the;the D.a;/【解答】答案:B.考查冠词.第一个空,泛指一个聚会,party是以辅音音素/p/开头的,用a修饰.第二个空,特指叫阿拉歌胜地的那个地方,用定冠词the.答案是B.2.(1分)﹣How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?﹣It's easy.I just followed the ______.()A.instructions B.instruments C.interviews D.inventions【解答】答案:A 根据How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?你是怎样如此完美地把这个模型飞机拼在一起的?及follow的意思遵循,结合选项,得出答案为A,意思是按照说明书才拼得如此好的.B乐器;C面试,采访;D发明物.3.(1分)﹣May I wear my jeans to school tomorrow?﹣Sorry.Everyone wear his or her school uniform during the sports meeting.()A.can B.may C.will D.must【解答】答案:D 分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是我明天可以穿牛仔裤上学吗?对不起,运动会期间每个人都必须穿校服.故选D必须.A能,B可以,C 将.4.(1分)﹣Do you know the young girl who tried to save her disabled dad from a fire?﹣You mean Guo Jiajia?It was very of her to do that.()A.silly B.serious C.friendly D.brave【解答】答案:D.考查形容词.A愚蠢的.B严肃的.C友好的.D勇敢的.句意"﹣﹣你认识那个试图从火里救她残疾爸爸的年轻女孩吗?﹣﹣你是说郭佳佳?她那样做真的很___.".可知,应该是"勇敢的".选D.5.(1分)﹣You aren't supposed to smoke in public.It's bad for our health.﹣Sorry,I will ______ my cigarette right now.()A.give up B.put down C.put out D.give away【解答】答案:C;give up放弃;put down放下;put out熄灭,扑灭;give away 赠送;根据上句You aren't supposed to smoke in public和答语Sorry推测下句句意:我马上就把我的香烟熄灭;故选C.6.(1分)The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation(一带一路国际合作高峰论坛)will be heldMay 14 15 Beijing.()A.in;on;at B.between;and;atC.from;to;in D.on;to;in【解答】答案:C.考查介词短语.在北京用介词in.因此A,B不正确.结合语境"5月14日…15日",可知,应该是from…to…"从…到…".D不正确.,选C.7.(1分)﹣Did sing an English song at the party?﹣No,was expected to do so.()A.everybody;anybody B.somebody;nobodyC.anybody;somebody D.anybody;nobody【解答】答案:D.﹣Did sing an English song at the party?为一般疑问句,在一般疑问句中肯定句中的some需改成any,因此第一个空填anybody.根据﹣No,was expected to do so.可知答案为否定的,没有人唱歌,没有人是nobody.故选D8.(1分)﹣As we know it's difficult to live in a foreign country.﹣if you can't understand the language there.()A.Hardly B.Naturally C.Usually D.Especially【解答】答案:D.Hardly 几乎不;Naturally 自然地;Usually通常;Especially 尤其地.根据if you can't understand the language there,可知尤其是你不懂那里的语言.这里用Especially.故选D.9.(1分)﹣﹣______ will the discussion last?﹣﹣______ we reach an agreement.()A.How long;Not until B.When;Not untilC.How long,Until D.When,Until【解答】答案:C.考查疑问词.句意"﹣﹣那个讨论持续了多长时间?﹣﹣直到我们达成了协议.".when 什么时候,泛指具体的时间.How long表示"时间多久或物体多长".表示时间侧重指"一段时间".last表示"持续",因此B,D不正确.not …until表示直到…才",常与表示瞬间性动作的动词连用.until表示动作、状态的持续,强调"一直到…为止",常与表示延续性动作的动词连用.根据we reach an agreement我们达成协议,可知用until,表示直到我们达成协议为止.答案是C.10.(1分)﹣Thanks for your wonderful dinner.﹣.I'm glad you like it.()A.Forget it B.Don't say thatC.Don't mention it D.It doesn't matter【解答】答案:C.考查交际用语.A忘记他.B别那样说.C别客气.C没关系.结合语境"﹣﹣谢谢你丰盛的晚餐.﹣﹣___,我很高兴你喜欢.".可知,应该是"别客气".选C.11.(1分)Although a great deal of money at the charity show,the cost of living a lot.So we still need to do much work to help the poor people.()A.was raised;has raised B.was raised;has risenC.rose;was raised D.rose;has risen【解答】答案:B.raise表示筹集,而rise表示上升,不及物动词.根据Although a great deal of money at the charity show,这里动作应该是发生在过去,而且money是动作的承受者,句子使用被动语态,应该是一般过去时的被动语态,构成were/was+动词的过去分词,而the cost of living a lot表示过去发生的事情对现在造成了影响,这里用现在完成时,构成have/has+动词的过去分词,故选B.12.(1分)﹣My parents are crazy about Running Man.How about yours?﹣my dad my mom likes it.The TV series,In the Name of People(人民的名义),is their only love at the moment.()A.Not only;but also B.Both;andC.Either;or D.Neither;nor【解答】答案:A.考查连词.A不但…而且…B两者都…C或者…或者…D既不…也不…结合语境"电视连续剧《人民的名义》是他们目前唯一的爱.".及谓语动词likes第三人称单数.可知,用Not only;but also连接并列主语时,谓语动词与临近保持一致.mom妈妈,单数.谓语动词用第三人称单数likes.意思是"不但…而且…".both…and两者都…,谓语动词用复数,B不正确.选A.13.(1分)﹣So you gave her your mobile phone?﹣.She said she'd return it to me after she bought a new one.()A.My pleasure B.Not exactlyC.With pleasure D.No problem【解答】答案:B.考查交际用语.A我的荣幸.B并没有.C很高兴.D没问题.结合语境"﹣﹣你把手机给她了?﹣﹣__,她说她买了一个新的就把它还给我.".可知,应该是"并没有".选B.14.(1分)﹣How are you getting along with your studies?﹣I haven't made I should.()A.so more progress as B.as much progress asC.so many progress as D.such much progress as【解答】答案:D 分析句子,结合选项,推测意思是你的学习进展如何?我没有取得我应该取得的好成绩.这里的中心词是不可数名词progress,前面被much 修饰,这时用such修饰,而so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词,故选D.15.(1分)﹣Could you tell me______________________________?﹣"Rome was not built in a day."You should try to give it enough chances to become strong.()A.what I can do to have a good memoryB.how I can do to have a good memoryC.why I should have a good memoryD.how can I have a good memory【解答】答案:A根据Could you tell me?再结合选项,可知Could you tell me后面是跟一个宾语从句,宾语从句中应该用陈述语序,即主语+谓语,排除D项;根据答句可知不是问原因,故排除C项;do为及物动词,其后应接宾语,故选A项.二、完形填空阅读短文,从A、B、C、D 中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项(15 分)16.(15分)For the past five years,44﹣year﹣old Rami Adham has spent much of his time helping children in Syria(叙利亚).He keeps sending (16)D to them.Rami Adham was (17)A in Syria,but moved to Finland with hisfamily in 1989.When Syrian civil war(内战)took place in 2011,he(18)Cto help the children in his hometown.In the beginning,he (19)B planned on sending toys.He thought food,medicine and drinking water were more(20)COnce his daughter asked him to send her toys to the children in Syria.When Adham gave the toys to those poor children,he saw the (21)A on theirfaces.From then on,he made toys on the top of his gift list.Adham soon became known (22)A the Father Christmas of Syria.He has travelled from Finland to Syria 28times.And he won't stop (23)D the war ends.Every time he goes to Syria,he carries a heavy bag of toys on his back all the way.It's a trip full of(24)A.He might get hurt or be killed at any time,(25)D he never gives up."Now children in Syria are facing death and many (26)Bpossible threats(威胁).I think the toys are really (27)B for the children,"he said."No matter whatthey (28)C,they are always happy to share it with others."Adham is having a campaign(活动)(29)D.He wants to raise 100,000dollars.If it is(30)B,he plans to use the money to build schools in Syria.16.A.books B.food C.money D.toys 17.A.born B.grown C.learned D.left 18.A.forgot B.regretted C.decided D.refused 19.A.usually B.never C.sometimes D.often 20.A.romantic B.amazing C.important D.complete 21.A.joy B.sadness C.anger D.fear22.A.as B.for C.with D.after 23.A.because B.though C.after D.until 24.A.danger B.happiness C.safety D.patience 25.A.and B.if C.so D.but 26.A.another B.other C.others D.the other 27.A.unknown B.valuable C.expensive D.useless 28.A.remember B.record C.receive D.remind 29.A.just now B.for a moment C.at that time D.at present 30.A.interesting B.necessary C.powerful D.difficult.【解答】16.D 考查名词,A.books书B.food食物C.money钱D.toys玩具,根据后文planned on sending toys,可知他送玩具为孩子们,故选D.17.A 考查动词,A.born出生B.grown成长C.learned学习D.left 离开,根据Ram i Adham was …in Syria,结合选项,可知是指阿德汗出生于叙利亚,故选A.18.C 考查动词,A.forgot忘记B.regretted遗憾C.decided决定D.refused 拒绝,根据he…to help the children in his hometown,结合选项,推出句意:他决定帮助他家乡的那些孩子,故选C.19.B 考查副词,A.usually 通常B.never从不C.sometimes有时D.often 经常,根据后文He thought food,medicine and drinking water were more(20),可知他认为食物、药和饮用水更重要,所以刚开始从没计划送玩具,故选B.20.C 考查形容词,A.romantic浪漫的B.amazing令人惊异的C.important 重要的D.complete完全的,根据前文说到开始从没打算送玩具,可推出他认为食物、药和饮用水比玩具更重要,故选C.21.A 考查名词,A.joy高兴B.sadness难过C.anger生气D.fear 害怕,根据When Adham gave the toys to those poor children,可知阿德汗把玩具送给那些孩子,孩子的脸上肯定是高兴的表情,故选A.22.A 考查介词,A.as作为B.for为了C.with和…一起D.after在…之后,根据the Father Christmas of Syria,可知这是一种身份,阿德汗作为叙利亚的圣诞老人而出名,故选A.23.D 考查连词,A.because因为B.though虽然C.after 在…之后D.until 直到,根据he won't stop…th e war ends.可知考查句型not…until…直到…才,故选D.24.A 考查名词,A.danger危险B.happiness快乐C.safety安全D.patience 耐心,根据He might get hurt or be killed at any time,他可能随时会被杀死,所以是一个危险的旅程,故选A.25.D 考查连词,A.and和B.if如果C.so因此D.but 但是,根据he nevergives up,可知这跟前面说到的危险是转折关系,故选D.26.B 考查形容词,A.another另一;再一B.other其他的,表泛指C.others 其他的,复数,表泛指D.the other其他的,特指,根据Now children in Syria are facing death and many…possible threats(威胁),结合选项,推出句意:现在叙利亚的孩子面对的是死亡和其他可能的威胁,此处表示泛指,并且空格后有名词,others=other+名词,所以用other,故选B.27.B 考查形容词,A.unknown未知的B.valuable有价值的C.expensive昂贵的D.useless 除非,根据they are always happy to share it with others他们可以分享给其他人,所以说玩具对他们来说是很有价值的,故选B.28.C 考查动词,A.remember记得B.record记录C.receive收到D.remind 提醒,根据No matter what they…,they are always happy to share it with others,结合选项,推出句意:不论他们收到什么,都会分享给其他人,故选C.29.D 考查短语,A.just now刚才B.for a moment片刻C.at that time在那时D.at present现在,根据Adham is having ,可知是现在进行时,所以推出说的是现在,故选D.30.B 考查形容词,A.interesting有趣的B.necessary必要的C.powerful强大的D.difficult困难的,根据If it is…,he plans to use the money to build schools in Syria,结合选项,推出句意:如果有必要,他计划用募捐来得钱在叙利亚建学校,故选B.三、阅读理解阅读下面三篇材料,根据材料内容从各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项(30 分)31.(10分)31.When did the medic in Hacksaw Ridge save many soldiers?C A.During a war against Germany in World WarⅠ.B.During a war against France in World WarⅡ.C.During a war against Japan in World WarⅡ.D.During a war against Japan in World WarⅠ.32.Who is Makoto Shinkai?DA.The lead role of the film Your Name.B.The singer for the theme song of Hacksaw Ridge.C.The main character in the film Sully.D.The person who wrote the novel for the film Your Name.33.What can we learn about the heroine(女主角)in Your Name?BA.She is a girl living in Tokyo.B.She exchanged her body with a boy.C.She is a student in the university.D.She communicates with the boy by calling him.34.What story does the film Sully tell?DA.A car accident.B.An earthquake.C.A rainstorm.D.A flight accident35.What do the three films share in common?BA.They are all based on novels.B.They were released in the same month in China.C.They are all fantasy films.D.They are all about the war.【解答】31. C 细节理解题.由Hacksaw Ridge is a war film about experience of Desmond Doss during World War II可知《钢锯岭》讲的是二战时候的事情,由He tries his best to save many American soldiers who are hurt badly in the war against Japan可知是与日本的抗战,选C.32.D 细节理解题.由Your Name is a Japanese fantasy(幻想)film directed by Makoto Shinkai.The film is based upon Makoto Shinkai's novel with the same name 可知Shinkai是《你的名字》的作者,他写了这部小说,并拍成了电影,选D.33.B 细节理解题.由They have been transported into(植入)each other's bodies 可知《你的名字》的女主角与一个男孩互换了身体,选B.34.D 细节理解题.由The film tells a true story about Sullenberg's emergency landing of USA Airways Flight 1549on the Hudson River in January,2009.In the accident,all of the 155passengers on the plane survived可知电影讲的是机长处理了飞机的紧急情况,乘客都得救了的故事,所以主要讲的是航空事故,选D.35.B 细节理解题.由三部电影上映的时间分别是December 8th 2016,December 2nd,2016和December 9th,2016可知它们的共同点是上映时间都在十二月,即在同一个月,选B.36.(10分)You may know a lot about sports like basketball and football,but do you know anything about the sport called ice hockey(冰球)?Well,right now,ice hockey teams of the USA and Canada are playing against each other in the Stanley Cup Finals.This is the biggest award a North American ice hockey team can win every year.Ice hockey is like football because there are goalies(守门员),and each team tries to hit the puck(冰球)into the other team's goal.But that's where the similarities end.All the ice hockey players wear skates and helmets to protect themselves.They each carry a stick that they must use to hit the puck into the goal.This is an exciting physical sport which can get a little rough(粗鲁的),kind of like Americanfootball.It's not uncommon for fights to take place.Ice hockey is the most popular in Canada and the USA,and now it is making a quick move to another country﹣China.You might be surprised to find that ice hockey is becoming popular in China,and many children join ice hockey teams.The Beijing Ice Hockey Association was set up in 2012and has grown from an only 80﹣child team to a more than 1,700﹣child one today.In 2015,Song Andong tried out for the National Hockey League in the USA and became the first China﹣born ice hockey player to be drafted into it.And since Beijing will host the 2022Winter Olympics,the Chinese government is working to build up the popularity of winter sports like ice hockey.So do you want to step onto the ice?36.From this passage,we can learn that ice hockey is the most popular in D_.A.EuropeB.AfricaC.South AmericaD.North America37.The writer thinks an ice hockey game is a little B.。
2017年江苏省泰州市泰兴市中考一模数学试卷(解析版)
22.(10 分)如图,一艘轮船在 A 处时观测得小岛 C 在船的北偏东 60°方向, 轮船以 40 海里/时的速度向正东方向航行 1.5 小时到达 B 处,这时小岛 C 在船 的北偏东 30°方向.已知小岛 C 周围 50 海里范围内是暗礁区.
2017 年江苏省泰州市泰兴市中考数学一模试卷
一、选择题(本题共 6 个小题,每小题 3 分,共 18 分) 1.(3 分)2017 的倒数是( )
A.
B.﹣
C.2017
D.﹣2017
2.(3 分)从国家旅游局获悉,2017 年春节期间,全国共接待游客 3.44 亿人次,
实现旅游总收入 423300000000 元.将 423300000000 元用科学记数法表示为
(1)求证:AD 是⊙O 的切线; (2)若 tan∠F= ,⊙O 半径为 1,求线段 AD 的长.
第 5 页(共 25 页)
24.(10 分)如图,反比例函数 y1= 的图象与一次函数 y2= x 的图象交于点 A、 B,点 B 的横坐标是 4,点 P(1,m)在反比例函数 y1= 的图象上.
图所示,设他们制作的卡通图片的张数的平均数为 a,中位数为 b,众数为 c,
则 a,b,c 的大小关系为( )
A.a>b>c
B.b>a>c
C.b>c>a
D.c>a>b
6.(3 分)如图,半径为 1 的半圆的圆心在原点,直径 AB 在 x 轴上,过原点的
第 1 页(共 25 页)
任意一条半径与半圆交于点 P,过 P 作 PN 垂直于 x 轴,N 为垂足,则∠OPN 的平分线过定点( )
江苏省泰州中学2017高三摸底考试
试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两卷,满分120分,考试时间120分钟。
第I卷将正确的选项填涂在答题卡的相应位置上,第II卷做在答题纸上。
第一卷选择题(共三部分,满分85分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)请听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。
1. According to the man, why would people make fun of him?A. For runningB. For fallingC. For tying his shoes2. How will the woman probably feel about this news?A. GladB. WorriedC. Disappointed3. Why was the woman probably in the pool?A. It was hotB. She was pushed inC. She was swimming with Amy4. Why will the man need to find another present?A. The store is closedB. The store is too far awayC. The jacket is too expensive5. Where are the speakers?A. At a concertB. At Kate’s houseC. At a restaurant第二节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市顾庄学区三校联考中考物理一模试卷和答案
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市顾庄学区三校联考中考物理一模试卷一、选择题(每题2分,共24分.每题四个选项中只有一个符合题意)1.(2分)如图所示的四种现象,属于光的直线传播的是()A.山的“倒影”B.日食C.汽车观后镜D.水中“折”笔2.(2分)下列估测值中,最符合实际的是()A.苏科版初中物理书的质量约为200gB.泰州市最低气温约为﹣28℃C.中学生正常步行速度约为5m/sD.教室门的高度约为2dm3.(2分)下列物态变化中,吸收热量的是()A.露的形成B.正在消融的雪C.附在铁丝网上的霜的形成D.熔融状态的玻璃轧制成玻璃板4.(2分)关于声音,下列说法中正确的是()A.声音在真空中的传播速度最大B.能在真空中传播的声音叫超声波C.音色与发声体振动的频率有关D.音调与发声体振动的频率有关5.(2分)关于粒子和宇宙,下列说法正确的是()A.温度为0℃,分子的无规则运动停止B.物理学家汤姆生建立了原子的核式结构模型C.摩擦起电的过程中,带正电的物体得到了质子D.宇宙是一个有层次的天体结构体系。
太阳属于银河系中的一颗恒星6.(2分)如图,小球从斜面上A处由静止滚下,经过B处,最终停在粗糙水平面上的C 处。
下列说法错误的是()A.小球由A处运动到B处,重力势能主要转化为动能B.小球由B处运动到C处,阻力改变了小球的运动状态C.小球由A处运动到C处的整个过程中,做减速运动D.如果水平面的粗糙程度降低,则小球在水平面上运动的距离更长7.(2分)对于下列物品的指定部件,设计时需要考虑增大压强这一因素的是()A.旅行包的背带B.电钻的钻头C.运动鞋的鞋底D.汽车的轮子8.(2分)如图所示,一茶杯静止在水平桌面上,下列说法中正确的是()A.茶杯对桌面的压力和地面对桌子的支持力是一对相互作用力B.茶杯对桌面的压力和茶杯受到的重力是一对平衡力C.地面对桌子的支持力和桌子受到的重力是一对平衡力D.桌面对茶杯的支持力和茶杯受到的重力是一对平衡力9.(2分)如图,往浴缸中匀速注水直至注满,下列表示此过程中浴缸底部受到水的压强随时间变化的曲线,其中合理的是()A.B.C.D.10.(2分)小华家电热毯内的电阻丝断了,她爸爸将电阻丝的两个断头接上后继续使用,在使用中发现接头处的电热毯烧焦了,其原因可能是()A.电阻丝总长度变短,总电阻变小,电流变大B.电阻丝总长度变短,总电阻变大,电流变小C.接头处电阻变小,相同时间内释放的热量更多D.接头处电阻变大,相同时间内释放的热量更多11.(2分)根据图示装置所探究的原理,可以制成下列哪种仪器()A.电磁铁B.手摇发电机C.电磁继电器D.电铃12.(2分)如图所示,电源电压不变,闭合开关后,下列关于电压表示数变化的说法正确的是()A.滑片P向右移动,V1表示数变大,V2表示数不变B.滑片P向右移动,V1表示数变小,V2表示数变大C.滑片P向左移动,V1表示数不变,V2表示数变大D.滑片P向左移动,V1表示数变大,V2表示数不变二.填空题(每空1分,共26分)13.(3分)2015年,我国无人驾驶汽车红旗HQ3将再次进行长途测试,之前的测试中,该车的平均车速约90km/h,合m/s,车载高精度GPS系统可对车实时定位,该系统定位时利用了(选填“电磁波”或“超声波”),自动行驶过程中,路边树木相对该车是的。
江苏省泰州市泰兴市2017年中考物理一模试卷及参考答案
30. 根据所学知识完成小题:
(1) 如图是小明“探究串联电路中电压特点”的电路图,按图所示的电路图连接电路,闭合开关,用电压表测出L1两端 的电压,再测L2两端的电压时,小明为了节省时间,采用以下方法:电压表所接的B接点不动,只断开A接点,并改接到C 接点上,测出BC间的电压,小明用上面的方法________(选填“能”或“不能”)测出L2两端的电压?理由是:________; 方法改进后,继续测出BC、AC间的电压,小明由此得出:串联电路两端的总电压等于________;你认为在选择灯泡时, L1和L2的规格应该________(选填“相同”或“不同”).
28. 在“比较不同物质吸热能力”的实验中,将甲、乙两种不同的液体分别放入两个相同的烧杯内,用相同的电加热器同
时加热.记录相关数据,并绘制出如图的图象.(不计热量损失)
(1) 实验时,选用初温和________均相等的甲、乙两种液体. (2) 加热10min,甲吸收的热量________(选填“大于”、“小于”或“等于”)乙吸收的热量,甲液体的沸点是________
或重敲编钟同一位置所发出声音的________不同(选填“音调”、“响度”或“音色”).
14. 如图所示,空中加油机正在为受油机加油,如果以受油机为参照物,加油机是________的.飞机机翼的横截面设 计成如图乙所示的形状,是利用了在气体中流速越大的位置压强越________的原理,从而使机翼的上下表面产生压强差,
其他简单辅助器材.
(1) 探究铜块的下沉条件.实验中,他们用两种方法测量了铜块受到的浮力: 方法1:测量过程及示数如图(甲)所示,可得铜块所受的浮力为________ N. 方法2:测量过程及示数如图(乙)所示,可得铜块排开水的体积为________ mL. 根据F浮=G排=ρ水gV排(g取10N/kg)可计算出浮力为________ N. 通过以上实验可得出铜块浸没在水中下沉的条件是:________. (2) 探究蜡块上浮的条件.要测量蜡块浸没时的浮力,应选用________(选填“方法1”或方法2“).
整理江苏省泰州市泰兴市2017年中考数学一模试卷(含解析)
试卷一20 年月日A4打印/ 可编辑试卷一一.单选题1、一次文献、二次文献、三次文献是按照( A )进行区分的。
A.加工深度B.原创的层次C.印刷的次数D.评论的次2、从文献的( B )角度区分,可将文献分为印刷型、缩微型等。
A.内容公开次数B.载体类型C.出版类型D.公开程度3.具有固定名称、统一出版形式和一定出版规律的定期或不定期的连续出版物,称为( D )。
A.图书B.会议文献C.学位论文D.期刊4、文献是记录有知识的( A )。
A、载体B、纸张C、光盘D、磁盘5、( A )类型的专业文献出版周期最短、发行量最大、报道最迅速及时,成为多数论文发表渠道。
A.期刊B.报纸C.会议文献D.专利6.下列哪种文献属于一次文献( A )。
A、期刊论文B、百科全书C、综述D、文摘7.下列选项中属于连续出版物类型的选项有(C )。
A、人民日报B、学位论文C、科技期刊D、会议文献8、纸质信息源的载体是( D )A、光盘B、缩微平片C、感光材料D、纸张9.下列哪种文献属于三次文献( C )。
A、标准文献B、学位论文C、综述D、文摘10、检索、获取图书信息的传统方法是( A )。
A. 各种印刷本的书目B. 搜索引擎C.联机检索D. 网络目录11.根据国家相关标准,文献的定义是指“记录有( C )的一切载体”。
A.情报 B.信息 C.知识 D.数据12.以作者本人取得的成果为依据而创作的论文、报告等,并经公开发表或出版的各种文献,称为( C)。
A.零次文献 B.一次文献 C.二次文献 D.三次文献13.从文献的( B )角度区分,可将文献分为印刷型、缩微型等。
A.内容公开次数B.载体类型C.出版类型 D.公开程度14.具有固定名称、统一出版形式和一定出版规律的定期或不定期的连续出版物,称为( D )。
A.图书B.会议文献C.学位论文 D.期刊15.( A )类型的专业文献出版周期最短、发行量最大、报道最迅速及时,成为多数论文发表渠道。
南通市、泰州市2017届数学一模(含参考答案)
2017 年省市高考数学一模试卷一、填空题:本大题共14 小题,每题 5 分,合计 70 分.1.函数的最小正周期为.2.设会合A={ 1, 3} ,B={ a+2, 5} ,A∩B={ 3},则A∪ B=.3.复数z=( 1+2i)2,此中i 为虚数单位,则z 的实部为.4.口袋中有若干红球、黄球和蓝球,从中摸出一只球.摸出红球的概率为0.48,摸出黄球的概率为0.35,则摸出蓝球的概率为.5.如图是一个算法的流程图,则输出的n 的值为.6.若实数 x, y 知足则 z=3x+2y 的最大值为.7.抽样统计甲、乙两名学生的 5 次训练成绩(单位:分),结果以下:学生第 1 次第 2 次第 3 次第 4 次第 5 次甲6580708575乙8070758070则成绩较为稳固(方差较小)的那位学生成绩的方差为.8.如图,在正四棱柱 ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=3cm,AA1=1cm,则三棱锥 D1﹣A1BD 的体积为cm3.9.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线 2x+y=0 为双曲线 =1(a> 0,b> 0)的一条渐近线,则该双曲线的离心率为.4 10.《九章算术》中的“竹九节”问题:现有一根 9 节的竹子,自上而下各节的容积成等差数列,上边节的容积共 3 升,下边 3 节的容积共 4 升,则该竹子最上边一节的容积为升.11.在△ ABC中,若 ?+2?=?,则的值为.12.已知两曲线 f(x)=2sinx,g(x) =acosx,订交于点 P.若两曲线在点 P 处的切线相互垂直,则实数 a 的值为.13.已知函数2+2)> f( x)的解集用区表示.f(x)=| x|+| x 4| ,不等式 f( x14.在平面直角坐系xOy中,已知,x2+y2=4上两点,点(,),且⊥,段B C A 1 1AB ACBC的的取.二、解答:本大共 6 小,共 90 分.15.如,在平面直角坐系xOy 中,以 x 正半始作角α,其与位交于点A.以OA 始作角β,其与位交于点B,AB=.(1)求 cosβ的;(2)若点 A 的横坐,求点 B 的坐.16.如,在四棱 P ABCD中,四形 ABCD平行四形, AC,BD 订交于点 O,点 E PC的中点, OP=OC,PA⊥ PD.求:(1)直 PA∥平面 BDE;(2)平面 BDE⊥平面 PCD.17.如,在平面直角坐系xOy 中,已知( a>b>0)的离心率,焦点到相准的距离1.(1)求的准方程;(2)若 P 上的一点,点 O 作 OP的垂交直于点 Q,求的.18.如,某机械厂要将 6m, 2m 的方形皮 ABCD行裁剪.已知点 F AD 的中点,点 E 在 BC上,裁剪先将四形 CDFE沿直 EF翻折到 MNFE(点 C,D 分落在直 BC下方点 M , N , FN 交 BC于点 P),再沿直PE裁剪.(1)当∠ EFP=,判断四形 MNPE的形状,并求其面;(2)若使裁剪获得的四形 MNPE 面最大,出裁剪方案,并明原因.19.已知函数 f(x)=ax2x lnx, a∈R.(1)当,求函数 f( x)的最小;(2)若 1≤a≤0,明:函数 f (x)有且只有一个零点;(3)若函数 f( x)有两个零点,数 a 的取.20.已知等差数列 { a n} 的公差 d 不 0,且,,⋯,,⋯(k1<k2<⋯< k n<⋯)成等比数列,公比q.(1)若 k1=1,k2=3, k3=8,求的值;(2)当为什么值时,数列 { k n} 为等比数列;(3)若数列 { k n} 为等比数列,且关于随意 n∈ N*,不等式恒成立,求 a1的取值围.市 2017 届高三第一次调研测试数学Ⅱ(附带题)[选做题此题包含四小题,请选 2 题作答.若多做,则按作答的前两题评分.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.[ 选修 4-1:几何证明选讲 ] 21.已知圆 O 的直径 AB=4,C 为 AO 的中点,弦 DE 过点 C 且知足 CE=2CD,求△ OCE的面积.[ 选修 4-2:矩阵与变换 ]22.已知向量是矩阵 A 的属于特点值﹣ 1 的一个特点向量.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,点P(1,1)在矩阵 A 对应的变换作用下变成P'(3,3),求矩阵 A.[ 选修 4-4:坐标系与参数方程 ]23.在极坐标系中,求直线被曲线ρ =4sin所θ截得的弦长.[ 选修 4-5:不等式选讲 ]24.求函数的最大值.[ 必做题 ] 共 2 小题,满分 20 分)25.如图,在棱长为 2 的正方体 ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,P 为棱 C1D1的中点,Q 为棱 BB1上的点,且 BQ=λ BB1(λ≠ 0).(1)若,求 AP 与 AQ 所成角的余弦值;(2)若直线 AA1与平面 APQ 所成的角为 45°,数λ的值.26.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知抛物线x2=2py( p> 0)上的点 M (m, 1)到焦点 F 的距离为 2,(1)求抛物线的方程;(2)如图,点 E 是抛物线上异于原点的点,抛物线在点 E 处的切线与 x 轴订交于点 P,直线 PF与抛物线订交于 A,B 两点,求△ EAB面积的最小值.2017 年省市高考数学一模试卷参照答案与试题分析一、填空题:本大题共14 小题,每题 5 分,合计 70 分.1.函数的最小正周期为.【考点】三角函数的周期性及其求法.【剖析】依据函数 y=Asin(ωx+φ)的周期等于,得出结论.【解答】解:函数的最小正周期为,故答案为:.2.设会合 A={ 1, 3} ,B={ a+2, 5} ,A∩B={ 3} ,则 A∪ B={ 1,3,5} .【考点】并集及其运算.【剖析】由交集的定义,可得 a+2=3,解得 a,再由并集的定义,注意会合中元素的互异性,即可获得所求.【解答】解:会合 A={ 1,3} ,B={ a+2,5} ,A∩B={ 3} ,可得 a+2=3,解得 a=1,即 B={ 3,5} ,则 A∪B={ 1,3,5} .故答案为: { 1, 3, 5} ..复数z=( 1+2i)2,此中 i 为虚数单位,则 z 的实部为﹣3 .3【考点】复数代数形式的乘除运算.【剖析】直接利用复数代数形式的乘法运算化简得答案.【解答】解:∵ z=(1+2i)2=1+4i+(2i)2=﹣ 3+4i,∴z 的实部为﹣3.故答案为:﹣3.4.口袋中有若干红球、黄球和蓝球,从中摸出一只球.摸出红球的概率为0.48,摸出黄球的概率为0.35,则摸出蓝球的概率为0.17.【考点】概率的基天性质.【剖析】利用对峙事件的概率公式,可得结论.【解答】解:∵摸出红球的概率为0.48,摸出黄球的概率为0.35,∴摸出蓝球的概率为1﹣0.48﹣0.35=0.17.故答案为 0.17.5.如图是一个算法的流程图,则输出的n 的值为5.【考点】程序框图.【剖析】由已知的程序框图可知,该程序的功能是利用循环计算 a 值,并输出知足 a< 16 的最大 n 值,模拟程序的运转过程可得答案.【解答】解:当 n=1,a=1 时,知足进行循环的条件,履行循环后, a=5,n=3;知足进行循环的条件,履行循环后, a=17,n=5;知足进行循环的条件,退出循环故输出 n 值为 5故答案为: 5.6.若实数 x, y 知足则 z=3x+2y 的最大值为7.【考点】简单线性规划.【剖析】作出不等式组对应的平面地区,利用目标函数的几何意义,求最大值.【解答】解:作出不等式组对应的平面地区如图:(暗影部分).由 z=3x+2y 得 y=﹣x+z平移直线 y=﹣ x+z,由图象可知当直线y=﹣ x+z 经过点 A 时,直线 y=﹣x+z 的截距最大,此时 z 最大.由,解得 A(1,2),代入目标函数 z=3x+2y 得 z=3×1+2×2=7.即目标函数 z=3x+2y 的最大值为 7.故答案为: 7.7.抽样统计甲、乙两名学生的 5 次训练成绩(单位:分),结果以下:学生第1次第2次第3次第4次第5次甲6580708575乙8070758070则成绩较为稳固(方差较小)的那位学生成绩的方差为20.【考点】极差、方差与标准差.【剖析】依据题意,分别求出甲、乙的均匀数与方差,比较可得S 甲2>S乙2,则乙的成绩较为稳固;即可得答案.【解答】解:依据题意,关于甲,其均匀数甲==75,其方差 S甲2280﹣75)2(70﹣= [ (65﹣75) +(+285﹣75)2(75﹣ 75)2]=50;75) +(+关于乙,其均匀数乙==75,其方差S 乙2270﹣75)2(75﹣ 75)2(80﹣75)2(70 = [ (80﹣75) +(+++﹣75)2] =20;比较可得: S甲2>S 乙2,则乙的成绩较为稳固;故答案为: 20.8.如图,在正四棱柱 ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,AB=3cm,AA1=1cm,则三棱锥 D1﹣A1BD 的体积为cm3.【考点】棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积.【剖析】三棱锥 D1﹣A1BD 的体积 ==,由此能求出结果.【解答】解:∵在正四棱柱ABCD﹣ A1B1C1D1中, AB=3cm,AA1=1cm,∴三棱锥 D1﹣ A1BD 的体积:=====(cm3).故答案为:.9.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,直线 2x+y=0 为双曲线 =1(a> 0,b> 0)的一条渐近线,则该双曲线的离心率为.【考点】双曲线的简单性质.【剖析】利用双曲线的渐近线方程获得 a,b 关系,而后求解双曲线的离心率即可.【解答】解:直线 2x+y=0 为双曲线 =1(a>0,b>0)的一条渐近线,可得 b=2a,即 c2﹣a2=4a2,可得 =.故答案为:.10.《九章算术》中的“竹九节”问题:现有一根 9 节的竹子,自上而下各节的容积成等差数列,上边4节的容积共 3 升,下边 3 节的容积共 4 升,则该竹子最上边一节的容积为升.【考点】等差数列的通项公式.【剖析】设最上边一节的容积为a1,利用等差数列的通项公式、前n 项和公式列出方程组,能求出结果.【解答】解:设最上边一节的容积为a1,由题设知,解得.故答案为:.11.在△ ABC中,若 ?+2?=?,则的值为.【考点】平面向量数目积的运算;正弦定理.【剖析】依据题意,利用平面向量的数目积,联合余弦定理和正弦定理,即可求出的值.【解答】解:在△ ABC中,设三条边分别为a、b,c,三角分别为 A、B、C,由 ?+2?=?,得 ac?cosB+2bc?cosA=ba?cosC,由余弦定理得:( a2+c2﹣ b2)+(b2+c2﹣a2) =( b2+a2﹣c2),化简得 =2,∴ =,由正弦定理得==.故答案为:.12.已知两曲线 f(x)=2sinx,g(x) =acosx,订交于点 P.若两曲线在点 P 处的切线相互垂直,则实数 a 的值为.【考点】利用导数研究曲线上某点切线方程.【剖析】联立两曲线方程,可得tanx==,a>0,设交点 P(m, n),分别求出 f(x),g(x)的导数,可得切线的斜率,由两直线垂直的条件:斜率之积为﹣1,再由同角基本关系式,化弦为切,解方程即可获得 a 的值.【解答】解:由 f( x)=g(x),即 2sinx=acosx,即有 tanx==,a>0,设交点 P( m,n),f(x)=2sinx 的导数为 f ′(x)=2cosx,g(x)=acosx的导数为 g′(x) =﹣ asinx,由两曲线在点 P 处的切线相互垂直,可得 2cosm?(﹣ asinm) =﹣ 1,且 tanm=,则 =1,分子分母同除以 cos2m,即有 =1,即为 a2=1+,解得 a=.故答案为:.13.已知函数 f(x)=| x|+| x﹣4| ,则不等式 f( x2+2)> f( x)的解集用区间表示为.【考点】绝对值不等式的解法.【剖析】令 g(x)=f(x2+2)﹣ f(x)=x2+2+| x2﹣2| ﹣| x| ﹣| x﹣ 4| ,经过议论 x 的围,求出各个区间上的不等式的解集,取并集即可.【解答】解:令 g( x) =f(x2+2)﹣ f( x) =x2+2+| x2﹣2| ﹣| x| ﹣| x﹣4| , x≥4 时, g( x) =2x2﹣2x+4>0,解得: x≥4;≤x< 4 时, g(x)=2x2﹣ 4> 0,解得: x>或 x<﹣,故< x<4;0≤x<时, g( x) =0>0,不合题意;﹣≤ x<0 时, g(x)=2x> 0,不合题意;x<﹣时, g(x)=2x2+2x﹣ 4> 0,解得: x>1 或 x<﹣ 2,故x<﹣2,故答案为:..在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,已知,C为圆x2+y2=4上两点,点(,),且⊥,则线段14B A 1 1AB AC BC的长的取值围为[,] .【考点】直线和圆的方程的应用.【剖析】画出图形,当BC⊥ OA 时,BC 获得最小值或最大值,求出BC坐标,即可求出BC 的长的||||取值围.【解答】解:在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中,已知 B,C 为圆 x2+y2=4上两点,点(,),且⊥,A11AB AC以下图当 BC⊥OA 时, | BC| 获得最小值或最大值.由,可得B(, 1)或(, 1),由,可得 C(1,)或( 1,﹣)解得 BC min==,BC max==.故答案为: [ ,] .二、解答题:本大题共 6 小题,合计 90 分.15.如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,以 x 轴正半轴为始边作锐角α,其终边与单位圆交于点A.以OA 为始边作锐角β,其终边与单位圆交于点B,AB=.(1)求 cosβ的值;(2)若点 A 的横坐标为,求点 B 的坐标.【考点】随意角的三角函数的定义.【剖析】(1)由条件利用余弦定理,求得cosβ的值.(2)利用随意角的三角函数的定义,同角三角函数的基本关系,两角和差的正弦、余弦公式,求得点 B 的坐标.【解答】解:(1)在△ AOB中,由余弦定理得, AB2=OA2+OB2﹣ 2OA?OBcos∠AOB,因此, =,即.(2)由于,,∴.由于点 A 的横坐标为,由三角函数定义可得,,由于α为锐角,因此.所以,,即点.16.如图,在四棱锥 P﹣ABCD中,四边形 ABCD为平行四边形, AC,BD 订交于点 O,点 E 为 PC的中点, OP=OC,PA⊥ PD.求证:(1)直 PA∥平面 BDE;(2)平面 BDE⊥平面 PCD.【考点】平面与平面垂直的判断;直与平面平行的判断.【剖析】(1) OE,明 OE∥ PA.而后明 PA∥平面 BDE.(2)明 OE⊥PD.OE⊥PC.推出 OE⊥平面 PCD.而后明平面 BDE⊥平面 PCD.【解答】明:(1) OE,因 O 平行四形 ABCD角的交点,因此 O AC中点.又因 E PC的中点,因此 OE∥PA.⋯4分又因 OE? 平面 BDE,PA?平面 BDE,因此直 PA∥平面 BDE.⋯6分(2)因 OE∥PA,PA⊥ PD,因此 OE⊥PD.⋯8分因 OP=OC,E PC的中点,因此 OE⊥ PC.⋯10分又因PD? 平面 PCD,PC? 平面 PCD,PC∩ PD=P,因此OE⊥平面 PCD.⋯12分又因 OE? 平面 BDE,因此平面 BDE⊥平面 PCD.⋯14分.17.如,在平面直角坐系xOy 中,已知( a>b>0)的离心率,焦点到相准的距离1.(1)求的准方程;(2)若 P 上的一点,点 O 作 OP的垂交直于点 Q,求的.【考点】直与的地点关系;的准方程.【剖析】(1)由已知条件可得,,而后求解的方程.( 2)由意知 OP 的斜率存在.当 OP的斜率 0 ,求解果;当 OP 的斜率不 0 ,直 OP方程 y=kx.立方程,推出. OQ2=2k2+2.而后求解即可.【解答】解:(1)由意得,,,⋯2分解得, c=1,b=1.因此的方程.⋯4分( 2)由意知 OP 的斜率存在.当 OP 的斜率 0 ,,,因此.⋯6分当 OP 的斜率不 0 ,直 OP 方程 y=kx.由得( 2k2+1) x2=2,解得,因此,因此.⋯9分因 OP⊥OQ,因此直 OQ 的方程.由得,因此 OQ2=2k2+2.⋯12分因此.上,可知.⋯14分.18.如,某机械厂要将 6m, 2m 的方形皮在 BC上,裁剪先将四形 CDFE沿直 EF翻折到 N , FN 交 BC 于点 P),再沿直 PE裁剪.ABCD行裁剪.已知点 F AD 的中点,点 E MNFE (点 C,D 分落在直 BC下方点 M ,(1)当∠ EFP=,判断四形 MNPE的形状,并求其面;(2)若使裁剪获得的四形 MNPE 面最大,出裁剪方案,并明原因.【考点】函数模型的与用.【剖析】(1)当∠ EFP=,由条件得∠ EFP=∠EFD=∠ FEP=.可得 FN⊥BC,四形 MNPE 矩形.即可得出.(2)解法一:,由条件,知∠ EFP=∠EFD=∠FEP=θ.可得,,.四形 MNPE 面 ==,化利用基本不等式的性即可得出.解法二: BE=tm,3<t< 6, ME=6 t .可得 PE=PF,即.,NP=3 T+,四形 MNPE 面 ==,利用基本不等式的性即可得出.【解答】解:(1)当∠ EFP=,由条件得∠ EFP=∠EFD=∠FEP=.因此∠ FPE=.因此 FN⊥BC,四形 MNPE矩形.⋯3分因此四形 MNPE 的面 S=PN?MN=2m.⋯5分( 2)解法一:,由条件,知∠ EFP=∠ EFD=∠ FEP=θ.因此,,.⋯8分由得因此四形 MNPE 面 ====⋯12分.当且当,即取“=.”⋯14分此,(* )成立.答:当,沿直PE裁剪,四形 MNPE 面最大,最大 m2.⋯16分解法二:BE=tm,3< t< 6, ME=6 t.因∠ EFP=∠EFD=∠FEP,因此 PE=PF,即.因此,.⋯8分由得因此四形 MNPE 面 ==⋯12分=.当且当,即取“=.” ⋯14分此,(* )成立.答:当点 E 距 B 点 m ,沿直 PE裁剪,四形 MNPE 面最大,最大m2.⋯16分.19.已知函数 f(x)=ax2x lnx, a∈R.(1)当,求函数 f( x)的最小;(2)若 1≤a≤0,明:函数 f (x)有且只有一个零点;(3)若函数 f( x)有两个零点,数 a 的取.【考点】数在最大、最小中的用;根的存在性及根的个数判断;利用数研究函数的极.【剖析】(1)当,.求出函数的数,获得极点,而后判断性求解函数的最.( 2)由 f(x)=ax2 x lnx,得.当 a≤0 ,函数f( x)在( 0,∞)上最多有一个零点,当 1≤+a≤0 , f( 1) =a 1<0,,推出果.( 3)由( 2)知,当 a≤0 ,函数 f(x)在( 0,∞)上最多有一个零点.明a>0,由 f( x)=ax2+x lnx,得,明函数f(x)在( 0,x0)上减;在( x0,+∞)上增.要使得函数 f(x)在(0,+∞)上有两个零点,只要要.通函数 h(x)=2lnx+x 1 在(0,+∞)上是增函数,推出 0<a<1.当 0<a<1 ,函数 f (x)有两个零点.明: lnx≤ x 1.t( x) =x 1 lnx,利用数求解函数的最即可.【解答】解:(1)当,.因此,(x>0).⋯2分令 f' (x)=0,得 x=2,当 x∈( 0,2), f' (x)< 0;当 x∈( 2, +∞), f'( x)> 0,因此函数 f( x)在( 0,2)上减,在( 2, +∞)上增.因此当 x=2 , f (x)有最小.⋯4分(2)由 f (x)=ax2 x lnx,得.因此当a≤ 0 ,,函数 f (x)在( 0, +∞)上减,因此当 a≤ 0 ,函数 f(x)在( 0,+∞)上最多有一个零点.⋯6分因当 1≤a≤ 0 , f(1)=a 1<0,,因此当 1≤ a≤ 0 ,函数 f (x)在( 0,+∞)上有零点.上,当 1≤a≤0 ,函数 f (x)有且只有一个零点.⋯8分( 3)由( 2)知,当 a≤0 ,函数 f( x)在( 0,+∞)上最多有一个零点.因函数 f( x)有两个零点,因此a>0.⋯9分由 f( x) =ax2 x lnx,得,令 g(x)=2ax2 x 1.因 g(0)= 1<0,2a> 0,因此函数 g(x)在( 0,+∞)上只有一个零点, x0.当 x∈( 0,x0), g(x)< 0,f' (x)< 0;当 x∈( x0, +∞), g(x)> 0, f'( x)> 0.因此函数 f( x)在( 0,x0)上减;在( x0,+∞)上增.要使得函数 f (x)在( 0, +∞)上有两个零点,只要要函数 f (x)的极小 f(x0)< 0,即.又因,因此 2lnx0+x01>0,又因函数 h(x)=2lnx+x 1 在( 0,+∞)上是增函数,且h(1)=0,因此 x0> 1,得.又由,得,因此 0<a<1.⋯13分以下当 0<a<1 ,函数 f(x)有两个零点.当 0<a<1 ,,因此.因,且 f( x0)< 0.因此函数 f( x)在上有一个零点.又因(因 lnx≤x 1),且 f(x0)< 0.因此函数 f( x)在上有一个零点.因此当 0< a< 1 ,函数 f(x)在有两个零点.上,数 a 的取( 0,1).⋯16分下边明: lnx≤x 1.t( x) =x 1 lnx,因此,( x> 0).令 t'(x)=0,得 x=1.当 x∈( 0,1), t' (x)< 0;当 x∈( 1, +∞), t' ( x)> 0.因此函数 t( x)在( 0,1)上减,在( 1, +∞)上增.因此当 x=1 , t (x)有最小 t(1)=0.因此 t (x)=x 1 lnx≥0,得 lnx≤x 1 成立.20.已知等差数列 { a n} 的公差 d 不 0,且,,⋯,,⋯(k1<k2<⋯< k n<⋯)成等比数列,公比q.(1)若 k1=1,k2=3, k3=8,求的;(2)当何,数列 { k n} 等比数列;(3)若数列 { k n} 等比数列,且于随意 n∈ N*,不等式恒成立,求 a1的取.【考点】数列与不等式的合;等比数列的性.【剖析】(1)由已知得: a1, a3, a8成等比数列,进而 4d2=3a1d,由此能求出的.( 2)数列 { k n等比数列,,推出,进而,而.由此获得当,数列n等比数列.}{ k }( 3)由数列 { k n等比数列, 1 ,.获得,恒成立,再明于随意的正数ε(<ε<),存} a =d01在正整数 n1,使得.要,即 lnn1<1 1 的取.n lnq+ln ε.由此能求出 a【解答】解:(1)由已知可得: a1,a3, a8成等比数列,因此,⋯2分整理可得: 4d2=3a1d.因 d≠0,因此.⋯4分(2)数列 { k n} 等比数列,.又因,,成等比数列,因此.整理,得.因,因此 a1( 2k2k1k3)=d(2k2k1k3).因 2k2≠k1+k3,因此 a1=d,即.⋯6分当, a n=a1+(n 1)d=nd,因此.又因,因此.因此,数列 { k n} 等比数列.上,当,数列 { k n} 等比数列.⋯8分(3)因数列 { k n} 等比数列,由( 2)知 a1=d,.,a n=a1+(n 1)d=na1.因于随意 n∈ N*,不等式恒成立.因此不等式,即,恒成立.⋯10分下边明:于随意的正数ε( 0<ε< 1),存在正整数 n1,使得.要,即lnn1< n1lnq+ln ε.因,,解不等式,即,可得,因此.不如取,当 n1>n0,原式得.因此,因此 a1≥ 2,即得 a1的取是 [ 2,+∞).⋯ 16分市 2017 届高三第一次研数学Ⅱ(附带)[做本包含四小, 2 作答.若多做,按作答的前两分.解答写出文字明、明程或演算步.[ 修 4-1:几何明 ]21.已知 O 的直径 AB=4,C AO 的中点,弦 DE 点 C 且足 CE=2CD,求△ OCE的面.【考点】与相关的比率段.【剖析】由订交弦定理,得CD,DE中点 H, OH⊥ DE,利用勾股定理求出OH,即可求出△ OCE的面.【解答】解: CD=x, CE=2x.因 CA=1,CB=3,由订交弦定理,得CA?CB=CD?CE,因此 1×3=x?2x=2x2,因此.⋯2分取 DE 中点 H, OH⊥DE.因,因此.⋯6分又因,因此△ OCE的面.⋯10分.[ 修4-2:矩与]22.已知向量是矩 A 的属于特点 1 的一个特点向量.在平面直角坐系xOy 中,点P(1,1)在矩 A 的作用下P'(3,3),求矩A.【考点】特点与特点向量的算.【剖析】,依据矩,列方程,即可求得a、 b、c 和 d 的,求得 A.【解答】解:,因向量是矩 A 的属于特点 1 的一个特点向量,因此.因此⋯4分因点 P( 1, 1)在矩 A 的作用下 P'( 3, 3),因此.因此⋯8分解得 a=1, b=2,c=2,d=1,因此.⋯10分.[ 修 4-4:坐系与参数方程 ]23.在极坐系中,求直被曲ρ =4sin所θ截得的弦.【考点】曲的极坐方程.【剖析】极坐方程化直角坐方程,立,求出 A,B 的坐,即可求直被曲ρ=4sin θ所截得的弦.【解答】解:以极点 O 坐原点,极x 的正半成立平面直角坐系.直的直角坐方程y=x①,⋯3分曲ρ=4sinθ的直角坐方程x2 y2 4y=0②.⋯6分+由①②得或⋯8分因此 A(0,0),B(2,2),因此直被曲ρ=4sin所θ截得的弦AB=.⋯10分.[ 修 4-5:不等式 ]24.求函数的最大.【考点】柯西不等式在函数极中的用;三角函数的最.【剖析】利用二倍角公式化函数的分析式,利用柯西不等式求解函数的最即可.【解答】解:⋯2分由柯西不等式得,⋯8分因此 y max=5,此.因此函数的最大5.⋯10分.[ 必做 ] 共 2 小,分 20 分)25.如,在棱 2 的正方体 ABCD A1B1C1D1中,P 棱 C1D1的中点,Q 棱 BB1上的点,且 BQ=λ BB1(λ≠ 0).(1)若,求 AP 与 AQ 所成角的余弦;(2)若直 AA1与平面 APQ 所成的角 45°,数λ的.【考点】直与平面所成的角.【剖析】(1)以正交基底,成立如所示空直角坐系 A xyz.求出,,利用数目求解AP 与AQ 所成角的余弦.(2),.求出平面 APQ的法向量,利用空向量的数目求解即可.【解答】解:以正交基底,成立如所示空直角坐系 A xyz.(1)因,,因此 =.因此 AP 与 AQ 所成角的余弦.⋯4分( 2)由意可知,,.平面 APQ的法向量 =( x, y, z),即令 z= 2, x=2λ,y=2λ.因此 =(2λ, 2 λ, 2).⋯6分又因直AA与平面 APQ所成角 45°1,因此 | cos<,> | ==,可得 5λ24λ=0,又因λ≠0,因此.⋯10分.26.在平面直角坐系xOy 中,已知抛物x2=2py( p> 0)上的点 M (m, 1)到焦点 F 的距离 2,(1)求抛物的方程;(2)如,点 E 是抛物上异于原点的点,抛物在点 E 的切与 x 订交于点 P,直 PF与抛物订交于 A,B 两点,求△ EAB面的最小.【考点】数在最大、最小中的用;抛物的准方程;直与抛物的地点关系.【剖析】(1)求出抛物 x2=2py(p>0)的准方程,由抛物定,获得 p=2,即可求解抛物的方程.( 2)求出函数的.点,获得抛物在点 E 的切方程.求出.推出直PF的方程,点到直PF 的距离,立求出AB,表示出△ EAB的面,结构函数,通函数的数利用性求解最即可.【解答】解:(1)抛物 x2=2py(p>0)的准方程,因 M (m,1),由抛物定,知,因此,即 p=2,因此抛物的方程x2=4y.⋯3分( 2)因,因此.点,抛物在点E的切方程.令 y=0,,即点.因, F(0,1),因此直 PF 的方程,即 2x+ty t=0.点到直 PF的距离.⋯5分立方程消元,得t 2y2( 2t 2+16) y+t2=0.因△ =(2t2+16)24t4=64( t2+4)> 0,因此,,因此.⋯7分因此△ EAB的面.不如( x>0),.因, g'(x)< 0,因此 g(x)在上减;上,g'( x)> 0,因此 g(x)在上增.因此当,.因此△ EAB的面的最小.⋯10分.2017年3月4日。
江苏省泰州市泰兴市2017年中考数学一模试卷 及参考答案
三、解答题
17. 综合题。 (1) 计算:(﹣ )﹣2+2cos30°﹣|﹣ |﹣(π﹣2017)0
(2) 化简:( ﹣x+1)÷
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18. 某学校准备开展“阳光体育活动”,决定开设以下体育活动项目:足球、乒乓球、篮球和羽毛球,要求每位学生必须
(1)
求抛物线的表达式;
(2) 当m=2时,△PQR为等腰直角三角形,求点P的坐标; (3) ①求PR+QR的最大值;②求△PQR面积的最大值. 参考答案 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
16. 17.
18. 19.
20. 21.
.求甲、乙两种足球的单价.
21. 如图,在△ABC中,∠C=90°,点D为边BC上一点,点E为边AB的中点,过点A作AF∥BC,交DE的延长线与点F ,连接BF.
(1) 求证:四边形ADBF是平行四边形; (2) 若∠ADF=∠BDF,DF=2CD,求∠ABC的度数. 22. 如图,一艘轮船在A处时观测得小岛C在船的北偏东60°方向,轮船以40海里/时的速度向正东方向航行1.5小时到达 B处,这时小岛C在船的北偏东30°方向.已知小岛C周围50海里范围内是暗礁区.
(1) 用列表法(或树状图)分别求出数字之积为3的倍数及数字之积为5的倍数的概率; (2) 小亮和小丽想用这两个转盘做游戏,他们规定:数字之积为3的倍数时,小亮得3分;数字之积为5的倍数时,小 丽得4分,这个游戏对双方公平吗?请说明理由;认为不公平的,请你修改得分规定,使游戏双方公平. 20. 为响应“足球进校园”的号召,某学校决定在商场购买甲、乙两种品牌的足球.已知乙种品牌足球比甲种品牌足球每 只贵10元,该校欲分别花费2000元、1200元购买甲、乙两种足球,这样购得甲种足球的数量是购得乙种足球的数量的2倍
江苏省泰州市海陵区2017年中考数学一模试卷及参考答案
10. 直线y=kx+b如图,则关于x的不等式kx+b≤﹣2的解集是________.
11. 如图,在边长为3cm的正方形ABCD中,点E为BC边上的任意一点,AF⊥AE,AF交CD的延长线于F,则四边形A FCE的面积为________ cm2 .
12. 如图,CD是⊙O的直径,弦AB⊥CD于点H,若∠D=30°,CH=1cm,则AB=________cm.
20. 21. 22.
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(1) 用列表或画树状图的方法写出点Q的所有可能坐标; (2) 求点Q落在直线y=﹣x﹣1上的概率. 22. 某兴趣小组想测量位于一池塘两端的A、B之间的距离,组长小明带领小组成员沿着与直线AB平行的道路EF行走 ,当行走到点C处,测得∠ACF=45°,再向前行走100米到达点D处,测得∠BDF=60°,已知AB与EF之间的距离为60米, 求A、B两点的距离.
(1) 当点P的坐标为(﹣1,0)时,求点D的坐标; (2) 点P在移动的过程中,点D是否在直线y=x﹣2上?请说明理由; (3) 连接OB交AD于点G,求证:AG=DG. 参考答案 1.
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8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
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13. 一个圆锥的母线和底面直径都为2,则圆锥的侧面积为________. 14. 如图,点B在x的正半轴上,且BA⊥OB于点B,将线段BA绕点B逆时针旋转60°到BB′的位置,且点B′的坐标为(1 , ).若反比例函数y= (x>0)的图象经过A点,则k=________.
15. 如图,射线OP过Rt△ABC的边AC、AB的中点M、N,AC=4cm,BC=4 cm,OM=3cm.射线OP上有一动点Q 从点O出发,沿射线OP以每秒1cm的速度向右移动,以Q为圆心,QM为半径的圆,经过t秒与BC、AB中的一边所在的直线 相切,请写出t的所有可能值________(单位:秒)
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市陶庄中心校中考数学一模试卷
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市陶庄中心校中考数学一模试卷学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共30.0分)1.4的平方根是( )A.8B.2C.±2D.± 22.把数7700000用科学记数法表示为( )A.0.77×106B.7.7×106C.0.77×107D.7.7×1073.如图,AB ∥CD ,∠DCE=80°,则∠BEF=( )A.100°B.90°C.80°D.70°4.点M (-4,-1)关于y 轴对称的点的坐标为( )A.(-4,1)B.(4,1)C.(4,-1)D.(-4,-1)5.式子y = xx−1中x 的取值范围是( ) A.x ≥0 B.x ≥0且x ≠1 C.0≤x <1 D.x >16.下面的图形中,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( ) A. B. C. D.7.已知某圆锥的底面圆的半径r =2cm ,将圆锥侧面展开得到一个圆心角θ=120°的扇形,则该圆锥的母线长l 为( )A.3cmB.4cmC.5cmD.6cm8.关于x 的不等式x -b ≥0恰有两个负整数解,则b 的取值范围是( )A.-3<b <-2B.-3<b ≤-2C.-3≤b ≤-2D.-3≤b <-29.如图,港口A 在观测站O 的正东方向,OA=6km ,某船从港口A 出发,沿北偏东15°方向航行一段距离后到达B 处,此时从观测站O 处测得该船位于北偏东60°的方向,则该船航行的距离(即AB 的长)为( )A.3 2kmB.3 3kmC.4kmD.(3 3-3)km10.如图,矩形OABC 的两边OA 、OC 在坐标轴上,且OC=2OA ,M 、N 分别为OA 、OC 的中点,BM 与AN 交于点E ,若四边形EMON 的面积为2,则经过点B 的双曲线的解析式为( )A.y =-10xB.y =-8xC.y =-6xD.y =-4x二、填空题(本大题共8小题,共24.0分)11.(-p )2•(-p )3= ______ .12.分解因式:x 2y -4xy +4y = ______ .13.若3是关于x 的方程x 2-x +c =0的一个根,则方程的另一个根等于 ______ .14.布袋中装有1个红球,2个白球,3个黑球,它们除颜色外完全相同,从袋中任意摸出一个球,摸出的球是白球的概率是______ .15.已知等腰三角形的底边长为10cm,一腰上的中线把三角形的周长分为两部分,其中一部分比另一部分长5cm,那么这个三角形的腰长为______ cm.16.如图所示,以锐角△ABC的边AB为直径作⊙O,交AC,BC 于E、D两点,若AC=14,CD=4,7sin C=3tan B,则BD=______ .17.如图,菱形ABCD中,∠B=60°,点E在边BC上,点F在边CD上.若EB=2,DF=3,∠EAF=60°,则△AEF的面积等于______ .18.已知关于x的二次函数y=ax2+2ax+a-3在-2≤x≤2时的函数值始终是负的,则常数a的取值范围是______ .三、解答题(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)19.(1)计算:|3-2|+(12)-1-(π-3.14)0-327;(2)计算:[xy(3x-2)-y(x2-2x)]÷x2y.四、计算题(本大题共1小题,共8.0分)20.先化简,再求值:(1x+1+1x−1)÷x2−xx−2x+1,其中x=2-1.五、解答题(本大题共8小题,共78.0分)21.如图,⊙O的直径AB垂直于弦CD,垂足为P,BP=2cm,CD=6cm,求直径AB的长.22.某学校为了解学生体能情况,规定参加测试的每名学生从“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”,“掷实心球”,“引体向上”四个项目中随机抽取两项作为测试项目.(1)小明同学恰好抽到“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”两项的概率是______ ;(2)据统计,初三(3)班共12名男生参加了“立定跳远”的测试,他们的分数如下:95、100、90、82、90、65、89、74、75、93、92、85.①这组数据的众数是______ ,中位数是______ ;②若将不低于90分的成绩评为优秀,请你估计初三年级参加“立定跳远”的400名男生中成绩为优秀的学生约为多少人?23.如图,在△ABC中,AB=CB,∠ABC=90°,D为AB延长线上一点,点E在BC边上,且BE=BD,连结AE、DE、DC.①求证:△ABE≌△CBD;②若∠CAE=30°,求∠BDC的度数.24.某市为了美化城市,计划在某段公路旁栽480棵树,由于有志愿者的支援,实际每天栽树比原计划多1,结果提前4天完成任务.请根据以上信息,提出一个能用分式方3程解决的问题,并写出这个问题的解答过程.25.如图,直线y1=kx+b与双曲线y2=m交于A、B两点,它们x的横坐标分别为1和5.(1)当m=5时,求直线AB的解析式及△AOB的面积;(2)当y1>y2时,直接写出x的取值范围.26.如图①所示,空圆柱形容器内放着一个实心的“柱锥体”(由一个圆柱和一个同底面的圆锥组成的几何体).现向这个容器内匀速注水,水流速度为5cm3/s,注满为止.已知整个注水过程中,水面高度h(cm)与注水时间t(s)之间的关系如图②所示.请你根据图中信息,解答下列问题:(1)圆柱形容器的高为______ cm,“柱锥体”中圆锥体的高为______ cm;(2)分别求出圆柱形容器的底面积与“柱锥体”的底面积.27.如图,在四边形ABCD中,∠B=∠D=60°,∠BAC=∠ACD=90°,点E为边AB上一点,AB=3AE=3cm,动点P从B点出发,以1cm/s的速度沿BC→CD→DA运动至A点停止,设运动时间为t秒.(1)求证四边形ABCD是平行四边形;(2)当△BEP为等腰三角形时,求t2-31t的值;(3)当t=4时,把△ABP沿直线AP翻折,得到△AFP,求△AFP与▱ABCD重叠部分的面积.28.如图,抛物线y=x2+bx+c与x轴交于A(-1,0)和B(3,0)两点,与y轴交于点C,对称轴与x轴交于点E,点D为顶点,连接BD、CD、BC.(1)求证△BCD是直角三角形;(2)点P为线段BD上一点,若∠PCO+∠CDB=180°,求点P的坐标;(3)点M为抛物线上一点,作MN⊥CD,交直线CD于点N,若∠CMN=∠BDE,请直接写出所有符合条件的点M的坐标.。
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市中考数学一模试卷含答案解析
2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市中考数学一模试卷含答案解析D27.如图,在四边形ABCD中,∠B=∠D=60°,∠BAC=∠ACD=90°,点E为边AB上一点,AB=3AE=3cm,动点P从B点出发,以1cm/s的速度沿BC→CD→DA运动至A点停止,设运动时间为t秒.(1)求证四边形ABCD是平行四边形;(2)当△BEP为等腰三角形时,求t2﹣31t的值;(3)当t=4时,把△ABP沿直线AP翻折,得到△AFP,求△AFP与▱ABCD重叠部分的面积.28.如图,抛物线y=x2+bx+c与x轴交于A(﹣1,0)和B(3,0)两点,与y轴交于点C,对称轴与x轴交于点E,点D为顶点,连接BD、CD、BC.(1)求证△BCD是直角三角形;(2)点P为线段BD上一点,若∠PCO+∠CDB=180°,求点P的坐标;(3)点M为抛物线上一点,作MN⊥CD,交直线CD于点N,若∠CMN=∠BDE,请直接写出所有符合条件的点M的坐标.2017年江苏省泰州市兴化市中考数学一模试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,恰有一项是符合题目要求的,请将正确选项的字母代号填涂在答题卡相应位置上)1.4的平方根是()A.8 B.2 C.±2 D.±【考点】平方根.【分析】由(±2)2=4,根据平方根的定义即可得到4的平方根.【解答】解:∵(±2)2=4,∴4的平方根是±2.故选C.2.把数7700000用科学记数法表示为()A.0.77×106B.7.7×106C.0.77×107D.7.7×107【考点】科学记数法—表示较大的数.【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数.确定n的值时,要看把原数变成a时,小数点移动了多少位,n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同.当原数绝对值>1时,n是正数;当原数的绝对值<1时,n是负数.【解答】解:将7700000用科学记数法表示为7.7×106.故选:B.3.如图,AB∥CD,∠DCE=80°,则∠BEF=()A.100°B.90°C.80°D.70°【考点】平行线的性质.【分析】根据平行线的性质推出∠DCE+∠BEF=180°,代入求出即可.【解答】解:∵AB∥CD,∴∠DCE+∠BEF=180°,∵∠DCE=80°,∴∠BEF=180°﹣80°=100°.故选A4.点M(﹣4,﹣1)关于y轴对称的点的坐标为()A.(﹣4,1)B.(4,1)C.(4,﹣1)D.(﹣4,﹣1)【考点】关于x轴、y轴对称的点的坐标.【分析】根据平面直角坐标系中两个关于坐标轴成轴对称的点的坐标特点:关于y轴对称的点,纵坐标相同,横坐标互为相反数.【解答】解:∵平面直角坐标系中关于y轴对称的点的坐标特点:横坐标相反数,纵坐标不变,可得:点M关于y轴的对称点的坐标是(4,﹣1).故选:C.5.式子y=中x的取值范围是()A.x≥0 B.x≥0且x≠1 C.0≤x<1 D.x>1【考点】二次根式有意义的条件;分式有意义的条件.【分析】根据二次根式有意义的条件和分母有意义得出x≥0且x﹣1≠0,求出即可.【解答】解:要使y=有意义,必须x≥0且x﹣1≠0,解得:x≥0且x≠1,故选B.6.下面的图形中,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是()A.B.C.D.【考点】中心对称图形;轴对称图形.【分析】根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解.【解答】解:A、不是轴对称图形,是中心对称图形,故A选项错误;B、不是轴对称图形,是中心对称图形,故B选项错误;C、既是轴对称图形,也是中心对称图形,故C选项正确;D、是轴对称图形,不是中心对称图形,故D选项错误.故选:C.7.已知某圆锥的底面圆的半径r=2cm,将圆锥侧面展开得到一个圆心角θ=120°的扇形,则该圆锥的母线长l为()A.3cm B.4cm C.5cm D.6cm【考点】圆锥的计算;几何体的展开图.【分析】易得圆锥的底面周长,也就是侧面展开图的弧长,进而利用弧长公式即可求得圆锥的母线长.【解答】解:圆锥的底面周长=2π×2=4πcm,设圆锥的母线长为R,则:=4π,解得R=6.故选D.8.关于x的不等式x﹣b≥0恰有两个负整数解,则b的取值范围是()A.﹣3<b<﹣2 B.﹣3<b≤﹣2 C.﹣3≤b≤﹣2 D.﹣3≤b<﹣2【考点】一元一次不等式的整数解.【分析】解不等式可得x≥b,根据不等式的两个负整数解为﹣1、﹣2即可得b的范围.【解答】解:解不等式x﹣b≥0得x≥b,∵不等式x﹣b≥0恰有两个负整数解,∴不等式的两个负整数解为﹣1、﹣2,∴﹣3<b≤﹣2,故选:B.9.如图,港口A在观测站O的正东方向,OA=6km,某船从港口A出发,沿北偏东15°方向航行一段距离后到达B处,此时从观测站O处测得该船位于北偏东60°的方向,则该船航行的距离(即AB的长)为()A.3km B.3km C.4 km D.(3﹣3)km【考点】解直角三角形的应用﹣方向角问题.【分析】根据题意,可以作辅助线AC⊥OB于点C,然后根据题目中的条件,可以求得AC和BC 的长度,然后根据勾股定理即可求得AB的长.【解答】解:作AC⊥OB于点C,如右图所示,由已知可得,∠COA=30°,OA=6km,∵AC⊥OB,∴∠OCA=∠BCA=90°,∴OA=2AC,∠OAC=60°,∴AC=3km,∠CAD=30°,∵∠DAB=15°,∴∠CAB=45°,∴∠CAB=∠B=45°,∴BC=AC,∴AB=,故选A.10.如图,矩形OABC的两边OA、OC在坐标轴上,且OC=2OA,M、N分别为OA、OC的中点,BM 与AN交于点E,若四边形EMON的面积为2,则经过点B的双曲线的解析式为()A.y=﹣ B.y=﹣C.y=﹣D.y=﹣【考点】待定系数法求反比例函数解析式;反比例函数系数k的几何意义.【分析】过M作MG∥ON,交AN于G,过E作EF⊥AB于F,由题意可知:AM=OM=a,ON=NC=2a,AB=OC=4a,BC=AO=2a,再根据三角形相似以及三角形面积之间的关系求出B点坐标,即双曲线解析式求出.【解答】解:过M作MG∥ON,交AN于G,过E作EF⊥AB于F,设EF=h,OM=a,由题意可知:AM=OM=a,ON=NC=2a,AB=OC=4a,BC=AO=2a△AON中,MG∥ON,AM=OM,∴MG=ON=a,∵MG∥AB∴==,∴BE=4EM,∵EF⊥AB,∴EF∥AM,∴==.∴FE=AM,即h=a,∵S△ABM=4a×a÷2=2a2,S△AON=2a×2a÷2=2a2,∴S△ABM =S△AON,∴S△AEB =S四边形EMON=2,S△AEB=AB×EF÷2=4a×h÷2=2,ah=1,又有h=a,a=(长度为正数)∴OA=,OC=2,因此B的坐标为(﹣2,),经过B的双曲线的解析式就是y=﹣.二、填空题(本大题共8小题,每小题3分,共24分.不需写出解答过程,请把答案直接填写在答题卡相应位置上)11.(﹣p)2•(﹣p)3= ﹣p5.【考点】同底数幂的乘法.【分析】同底数幂的乘法:底数不变,指数相加.【解答】解:(﹣p)2•(﹣p)3=(﹣p)2+3=(﹣p)5=﹣p5;故答案是:﹣p5.12.分解因式:x2y﹣4xy+4y= y(x﹣2)2.【考点】提公因式法与公式法的综合运用.【分析】先提取公因式y,再对余下的多项式利用完全平方公式继续分解.【解答】解:x2y﹣4xy+4y,=y(x2﹣4x+4),=y(x﹣2)2.13.若3是关于x的方程x2﹣x+c=0的一个根,则方程的另一个根等于﹣2 .【考点】根与系数的关系.【分析】设方程的另一个根为a,根据根与系数的关系得出a+3=1,求出即可.【解答】解:设方程的另一个根为a,∵3是关于x的方程x2﹣x+c=0的一个根,∴a+3=1,解得:a=﹣2,故答案为:﹣2.14.布袋中装有1个红球,2个白球,3个黑球,它们除颜色外完全相同,从袋中任意摸出一个球,摸出的球是白球的概率是.【考点】概率公式.【分析】根据题意分析可得:共6个球,其中2个白球,故从袋中任意摸出一个球,摸出的球是白球的概率是.【解答】解:P(白球)==.15.已知等腰三角形的底边长为10cm,一腰上的中线把三角形的周长分为两部分,其中一部分比另一部分长5cm,那么这个三角形的腰长为15 cm.【考点】等腰三角形的性质;三角形三边关系.【分析】两部分之差可以是底边与腰之差,也可能是腰与底边之差,解答时应注意.设等腰三角形的腰长是xcm,根据其中一部分比另一部分长5cm,即可列方程求解.【解答】解:如图,设等腰三角形的腰长是xcm.当AD+AC与BC+BD的差是5cm时,即x+x﹣(x+10)=5,解得:x=15,15,15,10能够组成三角形;当BC+BD与AD+AC的差是5cm时,即10+x﹣(x+x)=5,解得:x=5,5,5,10不能组成三角形.故这个三角形的腰长为15cm.故答案为:15.16.如图所示,以锐角△ABC的边AB为直径作⊙O,交AC,BC于E、D两点,若AC=14,CD=4,7sinC=3tanB,则BD= 6 .【考点】圆周角定理;锐角三角函数的定义.【分析】连接AD,分别在Rt△ACD和Rt△ABD中,表示出sinC和tanB的值,根据它们的比例关系,即可求得BD、AC的关系式,进而代值计算即可.【解答】解:连接AD,则AD⊥BC.在Rt△ADC中,sinC=;在Rt△ABD中,tanB=.∵7sinC=3tanB,∴.即: =,∴.∵AC=14,∴BD=6.17.如图,菱形ABCD中,∠B=60°,点E在边BC上,点F在边CD上.若EB=2,DF=3,∠EAF=60°,则△AEF的面积等于.【考点】菱形的性质;全等三角形的判定与性质;等边三角形的判定与性质;解直角三角形.【分析】连接AC,由菱形ABCD中,∠D=60°,根据菱形的性质,易得△ADC是等边三角形,证明△ADF≌△ACE,可得到:SAECF =S△ADC,EC=DF和菱形的边长,求出S△ACD、S△ECF,根据面积间关系即可求出△AEF的面积.【解答】证明:如图,连接AC,∵在菱形ABCD中,∠D=60°,AD=DC,∴△ADC是等边三角形,∵AC是菱形的对角线,∴∠ACB=∠DCB=60°,∵∠FAC+∠EAC=∠FAC+∠DAF=60°,∴∠EAC=∠DAF,在△ADF和△ACE中,∵,∴△ADF≌△ACE(ASA),∴DF=CE=3,AE=AF,BC=BE+CE=AB=5.∴S四边形AECF =S△ACD=×5×5×sin60°=,如图,过F作FG⊥BC于G,则S△ECF=CE•CF•sin∠GCF=CE•CF•sin60°=•6•=,∴S△AEF =S四边形AECF﹣S△ECF=﹣=.故答案为:.18.已知关于x的二次函数y=ax2+2ax+a﹣3在﹣2≤x≤2时的函数值始终是负的,则常数a的取值范围是a<且a≠0 .【考点】二次函数图象上点的坐标特征.【分析】利用配方法求出抛物线的顶点坐标,根据二次函数的性质判断即可.【解答】解:y=ax2+2ax+a﹣3=a(x+1)2﹣3,∴抛物线的顶点坐标为(﹣1,﹣3),当a<0时,y<0,当a>0时,由题意得,当x=2时,y<0,即9a﹣3<0,解得,a<,由二次函数的定义可知,a≠0,故答案为:a<且a≠0.三、解答题(本大题共10小题,共96分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答,解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)19.(1)计算:|﹣2|+()﹣1﹣(π﹣3.14)0﹣;(2)计算:[xy(3x﹣2)﹣y(x2﹣2x)]÷x2y.【考点】整式的除法;实数的运算;单项式乘多项式;零指数幂;负整数指数幂.【分析】(1)根据绝对值、负整数指数幂、零指数幂以及立方根进行计算即可;(2)先去括号再合并同类项,最后算除法.【解答】解:(1)原式=2﹣+2﹣1﹣3=﹣;(2)解:原式=(3x2y﹣2xy﹣x2y+2xy)÷x2y=2x2y÷x2y=2.20.先化简,再求值:(+)÷,其中x=﹣1.【考点】分式的化简求值.【分析】原式括号中两项通分并利用同分母分式的加法法则计算,同时利用除法法则变形,约分得到最简结果,将x的值代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:原式=•=•=,当x=﹣1时,原式=.21.如图,⊙O的直径AB垂直于弦CD,垂足为P,BP=2cm,CD=6cm,求直径AB的长.【考点】垂径定理;勾股定理.【分析】连接OC,由垂径定理可知CP=CD=3,设半径为r,由勾股定理可求出r的值.【解答】解:连接OC∵OB⊥CD,O为圆心∴CP=CD=3,设OC=OB=r,∴OP=r﹣2,在Rt△OCP中,由勾股定理得:(r﹣2)2+32=r2,∴r=∴直径AB=2r=22.某学校为了解学生体能情况,规定参加测试的每名学生从“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”,“掷实心球”,“引体向上”四个项目中随机抽取两项作为测试项目.(1)小明同学恰好抽到“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”两项的概率是;(2)据统计,初三(3)班共12名男生参加了“立定跳远”的测试,他们的分数如下:95、100、90、82、90、65、89、74、75、93、92、85.①这组数据的众数是90 ,中位数是89.5 ;②若将不低于90分的成绩评为优秀,请你估计初三年级参加“立定跳远”的400名男生中成绩为优秀的学生约为多少人?【考点】列表法与树状图法;用样本估计总体;中位数;众数.【分析】(1)列表得出所有等可能的情况数,找出恰好抽到“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”两项的情况数,即可求出所求的概率;(2)①根据已知数据确定出众数与中位数即可;②求出成绩不低于90分占的百分比,乘以400即可得到结果.【解答】解:(1)列表如下:1表示“立定跳远”,2表示“耐久跑”,3表示“掷实心球”,4表示“引体向上”12341﹣﹣﹣(2,1)(3,1)(4,1)2(1,2)﹣﹣﹣(3,2)(4,2)3(1,3)(2,3)﹣﹣﹣(4,3)4(1,4)(2,4)(3,4)﹣﹣﹣所有等可能的情况数为12种,其中恰好抽到“立定跳远”,“耐久跑”两项的情况有2种,则P==,故答案为:;(2)①根据数据得:众数为90;中位数为89.5,故答案为:90;89.5;②12名男生中达到优秀的共有6人,根据题意得:×400=200(人),则估计初三年级400名男生中“立定跳远”成绩为优秀的学生约为200人.23.如图,在△ABC中,AB=CB,∠ABC=90°,D为AB延长线上一点,点E在BC边上,且BE=BD,连结AE、DE、DC.①求证:△ABE≌△CBD;②若∠CAE=30°,求∠BDC的度数.【考点】全等三角形的判定与性质;三角形的外角性质.【分析】①利用SAS即可得证;②由全等三角形对应角相等得到∠AEB=∠CDB,利用外角的性质求出∠AEB的度数,即可确定出∠BDC的度数.【解答】①证明:在△ABE和△CBD中,,∴△ABE≌△CBD(SAS);②解:∵在△ABC中,AB=CB,∠ABC=90°,∴∠BAC=∠ACB=45°,∵△ABE≌△CBD,∴∠AEB=∠BDC,∵∠AEB为△AEC的外角,∴∠AEB=∠ACB+∠CAE=30°+45°=75°,则∠BDC=75°.24.某市为了美化城市,计划在某段公路旁栽480棵树,由于有志愿者的支援,实际每天栽树比原计划多,结果提前4天完成任务.请根据以上信息,提出一个能用分式方程解决的问题,并写出这个问题的解答过程.【考点】分式方程的应用.【分析】首先根据题意提出一个问题,然后根据题干条件列出分式方程,解方程即可.【解答】解:本题答案不唯一,下列解法供参考.问题:原计划每天栽树多少棵?设原计划每天栽树x棵,由题意得:﹣=4,解得x=30,经检验x=30是原方程的解,答:原计划每天栽树30棵.25.如图,直线y1=kx+b与双曲线y2=交于A、B两点,它们的横坐标分别为1和5.(1)当m=5时,求直线AB的解析式及△AOB的面积;(2)当y1>y2时,直接写出x的取值范围.【考点】反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题.【分析】(1)根据待定系数法即可求得直线AB的解析式,然后求得直线与x轴的交点,根据三角形面积公式求得即可.(2)根据图象求得即可.【解答】解:(1)①当m=5时,∴A(1,5),B(5,1),设y=kx+b,代入A(1,5),B(5,1)得:,解得:∴y=﹣x+6;②设直线AB与x轴交点为M,∴M(6,0),∴SAOB =S△AOM﹣S△MOB=×6×5﹣×6×1=12;(2)由图象可知:1<x<5或x<0.26.如图①所示,空圆柱形容器内放着一个实心的“柱锥体”(由一个圆柱和一个同底面的圆锥组成的几何体).现向这个容器内匀速注水,水流速度为5cm3/s,注满为止.已知整个注水过程中,水面高度h(cm)与注水时间t(s)之间的关系如图②所示.请你根据图中信息,解答下列问题:(1)圆柱形容器的高为12 cm,“柱锥体”中圆锥体的高为 3 cm;(2)分别求出圆柱形容器的底面积与“柱锥体”的底面积.【考点】一次函数的应用.【分析】(1)根据函数图象可以直接得到圆柱形容器的高和“柱锥体”中圆锥体的高;(2)根据题意和函数图象可以求得圆柱形容器的底面积与“柱锥体”的底面积.【解答】解:(1)由题意和函数图象可得,圆柱容器的高为12cm,“柱锥体”中圆锥体的高为:8﹣5=3cm,故答案为:12,3;(2)设圆柱形容器的底面积为S,则S(12﹣8)=(42﹣26)×5,解得,S=20,,设“柱锥体”的底面积为S柱锥×5=20×5﹣15×5,S柱锥=5,解得,S柱锥即圆柱形容器的底面积是20cm2,“柱锥体”的底面积是5cm2.27.如图,在四边形ABCD中,∠B=∠D=60°,∠BAC=∠ACD=90°,点E为边AB上一点,AB=3AE=3cm,动点P从B点出发,以1cm/s的速度沿BC→CD→DA运动至A点停止,设运动时间为t秒.(1)求证四边形ABCD是平行四边形;(2)当△BEP为等腰三角形时,求t2﹣31t的值;(3)当t=4时,把△ABP沿直线AP翻折,得到△AFP,求△AFP与▱ABCD重叠部分的面积.【考点】四边形综合题.【分析】(1)首先证明△ABC≌△DCA,依据全等三角形的性质可知AB=CD,AD=BC,接下来,依据两组对边分别相等的四边形是平行四边形进行证明即可;(2)当点P在BC上时,可证明△BEP为等边三角形,从而可求得t=2,将t=2代入所求代数式即可求得代数式的值;当点P在AD上时,作PH⊥AB,PA=15﹣t,在Rt△APH中,∠HAP=60°,于是可求得AH=,PH=,接下来,在Rt△EHP中,由勾股定理可得到关于t的方程,整理这个关于t的方程即可得到问题的答案;(3)设PF与AD交于点M,作MN⊥AP于N,AH⊥BP点H.在Rt△ABH中可求得BH,AH的长,从而可得到HP的长,然后依据勾股定可求得到AP的长,依据三角形的面积可求得S△APH的值,在Rt△APH中,依据勾股定可求得AP=.接下来,证明△AMP为等腰三角形,依据等腰三角形三线合一的性质可得到NP的长,然后证明△MPN∽△APH,依据相似三角形的性质可求得S△MNP的值,最后依据S△AMP =2S△MNP求解即可.【解答】解:(1)在△ABC和△DCA中,∴△ABC≌△DCA(AAS).∴AB=CD,AD=BC.∴四边形ABCD是平行四边形.(2)如图1所示:当点P在BC上时.∵△BEP为等腰三角形,∠B=60°,∴△BEP为等边三角形.∴BP=BE=3﹣1=2.∵点P运动的速度为1cm/s,∴t=2.∴t2﹣31t=22﹣31×2=﹣58.如图2所示:当点P在AD上时:EB=EP,作PH⊥AB,PA=15﹣t.∵∠ABC=60°,AD∥BC,∴∠HAP=60°.∵∠H=90°,∴∠HPA=30°.∴AH=AP=,PH=AH=.在Rt△EHP中,由勾股定理得:()2+()2=22,整理得:t2﹣31t=﹣237.(3)如图所示:设PF与AD交于点M,作MN⊥AP于N,AH⊥BP点H.在Rt△ABH中,∠B=60°,则BH=AB=,AH=.∴HP=4﹣=.=××=.∴S△APH在Rt△APH中,依据勾股定理可知AP=.由翻折的性质可知∠BPA=∠FPA.∵AD∥BC,∴∠BPA=∠DAP.∴∠FPA=∠DAP.∴AM=PM.又∵MN⊥AP,∴AN=NP=.∵∠AHP=∠MNP=90°,∠BPA=∠FPA,∴△MPN∽△APH,∴=()2=.∴S△MNP=×=.∵AD∥BC,∴∠BPA=∠DAP.∴∠FPA=∠DAP.∴AM=PM.又∵MN⊥AP,∴AN=NP.∴S△AMP =2S△MNP=.28.如图,抛物线y=x2+bx+c与x轴交于A(﹣1,0)和B(3,0)两点,与y轴交于点C,对称轴与x轴交于点E,点D为顶点,连接BD、CD、BC.(1)求证△BCD是直角三角形;(2)点P为线段BD上一点,若∠PCO+∠CDB=180°,求点P的坐标;(3)点M为抛物线上一点,作MN⊥CD,交直线CD于点N,若∠CMN=∠BDE,请直接写出所有符合条件的点M的坐标.【考点】二次函数综合题.【分析】(1)先利用待定系数法求二次函数的解析式,并配方成顶点式求顶点D的坐标,和与y轴的交点C的坐标,由勾股定理计算△BDC三边的平方,利用勾股定理的逆定理证明△BCD是直角三角形;(2)作辅助线,构建直角三角形PCQ与直角三角形BDC相似,根据比例式表示出点P的坐标,利用待定系数法求直线BD的解析式,因为点P为线段BD上一点,代入直线BD的解析式列方程可求出点P的坐标;(3)同理求直线CD的解析式为:y=﹣x﹣3,由此表示点N的坐标为(a,﹣a﹣3),因为M在抛物线上,所以设M(x,x2﹣2x﹣3),根据同角的三角函数得:tan∠BDE=tan∠CMN=,则,如图2,证明△MGN∽△NFC,列比例式可得方程组解出即可;如图3,证明△CFN∽△NGM,列比例式可得方程组解出即可.【解答】解:(1)把A(﹣1,0)和B(3,0)两点代入抛物线y=x2+bx+c中得:,解得:,∴抛物线的解析式为:y=x2﹣2x﹣3=(x﹣1)2﹣4,∴C(0,﹣3),D(1,﹣4),由勾股定理得:BC2=32+32=18,CD2=12+(4﹣3)2=2,BD2=(3﹣1)2+42=20,∴CD2+BC2=BD2,即∠BCD=90°,∴△BCD是直角三角形;(2)作PQ⊥OC于点Q,∴∠PQC=90°,∵∠PCO+∠CDB=180°,∠PCO+∠PCQ=180°,∴∠CDB=∠PCQ,∵∠PQC=∠BCD=90°,∴△PCQ∽△BDC,∴=3,∴PQ=3CQ,设CQ=m,则PQ=3m,设P(3m,﹣3﹣m),设直线BD的解析式为:y=kx+b,把B(3,0)、D(1,﹣4)代入得:,解得:,∴直线BD的解析式为:y=2x﹣6,将点P的坐标代入直线BD:y=2x﹣6得:﹣3﹣m=2×3m﹣6,m=,∴3m=,﹣3﹣m=﹣3﹣=﹣,∴P(,﹣);(3)∵∠CMN=∠BDE,∴tan∠BDE=tan∠CMN==,∴,同理可求得:CD的解析式为:y=﹣x﹣3,设N(a,﹣a﹣3),M(x,x2﹣2x﹣3),①如图2,过N作GF∥y轴,过M作MG⊥GF于G,过C作CF⊥GF于F,则△MGN∽△NFC,∴=,∴=2,则,∴x1=0(舍),x2=5,当x=5时,x2﹣2x﹣3=12,∴M(5,12),②如图3,过N作FG∥x轴,交y轴于F,过M作MG⊥GF于G,∴△CFN∽△NGM,∴=,∴==,则,∴x1=0(舍),x2=,当x=时,y=x2﹣2x﹣3=﹣,∴M(,﹣),综上所述,点M的坐标(5,12)或(,﹣).2017年3月14日31。
江苏省泰州市高考语文一模试卷
江苏省泰州市高考语文一模试卷姓名:________ 班级:________ 成绩:________一、现代文阅读(一) (共1题;共6分)1. (6分) (2017高三下·成都开学考) 阅读下面的文字,完成下面小题。
在文明初起的时代,亚欧大陆的东西两端星光熠熠,照亮了各处的夜空。
一边天生仲尼,万古长夜将尽;一边柏拉图走出洞穴,迎接明媚的阳光。
虽然两个大陆中间的广漠横无际涯,峻岭层峦叠嶂,但声声驼铃却串起了东西文明汇聚、世界民族交融的动人故事,一卷卷绮丽的丝绸渲染了沿途壮美的风景。
这条沟通中西、美丽而又沧桑的文明纽带就是丝绸之路。
作为古代中西方文化交流的一条实际通道,丝绸之路有着多条路线和悠久的历史。
春秋战国之际,随着古代游牧民族的脚步,东西方之间贸易往来已经开始,其路线被称为“草原之路”。
这就是丝路的前身。
草原之路,从黄河中游,北上经蒙古草原,越阿尔泰山脉进入哈萨克草原;再经里海北岸、黑海北岸直达多瑙河流域。
正是通过这条道路,当时为中国所独有的丝绸进入西方世界。
到两汉时期,张骞受命西进通使西域,正式宣告了陆上丝路主干道的形成。
及至唐代社会的繁荣,先进的文明,开放的文化,吸引了世界各国来华贸易,陆上丝路弦歌不绝,海上丝路也逐渐建立起来。
丝绸之路是一条鲜活的道路,它不仅加强了不同国家、不同民族之间的交往,还加强了彼此间的思想文化交流。
隋唐时期,中国与波斯一直保持着非常友好的关系,双方使者不断,相互之间的文化交流丰富多彩,不论是作为波斯物质文化代表的金银器,还是作为精神文化的景教、摩尼教,都从波斯传入了中国,丰富了中国的传统文化。
同时,撒马尔罕壁画上手捧丝绢的唐朝使者,波斯、阿拉伯文献对中国物产、工艺传入的记录,以及大量瓷器、丝织品的考古发现,都说明了中国文化向西传播的广度和深度。
事实上,古代中西之间的交流,不论是丝绸、玉器、香料、陶瓷、珍禽等物质层面的物品,还是佛教、景教、伊斯兰教、儒家思想、道教等思想层面的结晶,都是通过这条东西交往的道路双方交流的。
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泰州市2017届高三一模考试英语第二部分英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)第一节单项填空 (共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. The argument doesn’t hold much ground ______ family backgrounds offer graduates anadvantage in the career competition nowadays.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. when22. —Why are you so upset, Mary?—My boss ______ fault with me. He is not so kind as you think.A. always findsB. is always findingC. has always foundD. always found23. Thanks to the efforts of the last three years, there has been a ______ change in the infrastructure construction of our city.A. tentativeB. confidentialC. fundamentalD. conventional24. We are creating a new vision for public health ______ all of society work together to gethealthier and live longer.A. whichB. whomC. whereD. when25. According to the regulations, most of our flights have a baggage ______ of 22 kilograms per passenger.A. gravityB. sessionC. punctuationD. allowance26. ______ you think that your parents are mean-spirited at times, loving your parents is a normal and satisfying part of life.A. Even ifB. Now thatC. As thoughD. In case27. I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I ______ the task onschedule.A. would accomplishB. might have accomplishedC. must have accomplishedD. could accomplish28. Many natural disasters took place across t he country, ______ severe losses on people’s life and property.A.to have broughtB. only bringingC. only to bringD. having brought29.When he ______ the bill in the restaurant, he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car.A. paidB. would be payingC. was to payD. had paid30. Schools in our city provide a variety of optional classes to ______ students of different levels.A. cater toB. switch toC. object toD. submit to31. The computer program of the 1970s was unable to ______ between letters and numbers.A. discriminateB. concludeC. negotiatepensate32. ______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception duringhis stay here.A. Being attachedB. AttachedC. AttachingD. Having attached33. —You stayed up late again last night?—Yes. I had to ______ the lost time last week.A.count onB. appeal toC. take awayD. make up34.—What do you think it is that has contributed to his huge success?—______he keeps focused on what he is doing.A. BecauseB. HowC. WhetherD. That35. —Will Mr Black allow us to bring mobile phones to school?—He is ______and I don’t think he’ll give us permission.A. a tough nutB. our great rockC. the best fishD. an early bird第二节完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Do you see the glass as half-full rather than half-empt?Such clichés (陈词滥调)are 36 questions, as researchers examine with great care the power of positive thinking. Research is proving that optimism can 37 you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, 38 , to hopelessness, sickness and failure, and is linked to 39 , loneliness and painful shyness. If we could teach people to think more positively, it would be like protecting them against these 40 illnesses.Your abilities count but the belief that you can succeed 41 the result. When things go wrong the pessimist tends to 42 himself. “I’m not good at this,” he says. “I always fail.” But the optimist looks for other 43 . Negative or positive, you are what you think. If people feel hopeless they don’t 44 to acquire the skills they need to succeed.A sense of control is the real test for 45 . The optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he 46 quickly, looking for solutions, forming a new plan of action, and 47 for advice. The pessimist feels like a toy of fate and moves slowly. He doesn’t seek advice, since he 48 nothing can be done. Many studies suggest that the pessimist’s feeling of helplessness 49 the body’s immune system. The pessimist doesn’t take good care of himself. Feeling passive and una ble to avoid life’s 50 , he expects ill health and other misfortunes, no matter what he does. He eats junk food, avoids exercise, and 51 the doctor.Most people are a(n) 52 of optimism and pessimism, but are in favor of one direction or the other. It is a pattern of 53 learned at our mothers’ knees. It grows out of thousands of cautions or 54 , negative statements or positive ones. Pessimism is a hard habit to 55 but it can be done. So, if you are a pessimist, there are ways....36. A. specific B. scientific C. physical D. universal37. A. help B. force C. forbid D. train38. A. for instance B. at best C. in fact D. by contrast39. A. kindness B. carelessness C. passion D. depression40. A. severe B. mental C. terminal D. major41. A. challenges B. contradicts C. affects D. abuses42. A. correct B. comfort C. assist D. blame43. A. excuses B. opportunities C. explanations D. advantages44. A. bother B. agree C. wait D. hesitate45. A. ambition B. success C. conscience D. courage46. A. runs B. acts C. quits D. turns47. A. standing up B. making up C. looking out D. reaching out48. A. suspects B. denies C. assumes D. pretends49. A. weakens B. restores C. improves D.defends50. A. aims B. gifts C. blesses D. blows51. A. consults B. ignores C. praises D. follows52. A. result B. option C. mix D. image53. A. thinking B. behavior C. expression D. complaining54. A. pressures B. favours C. criticisms D. encouragements55. A. develop B. assess C. break D. understand第三部分阅读理解 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。