最新研究生英语精读教程期末复习(课本考点)

英译汉（考3个）

Uint 4

第1段

The story of an anguished love affair between Albert Einstein and the woman who later become his first wife has emerged in newly disclosed correspondence between them.

新近披露的艾伯特.爱因斯坦与意中人（此人后来成为他的原配）之间的来往信件，向人们展示了这对勤劳包含辛酸的爱情经历。

第4段

Intertwined with the disclosures of a difficult romance are fragments of Einstein's thought as he struggled toward confidence in his concept of relativity.

与所披露的艰难的罗曼史交织在一起的是爱因斯坦满怀信心地为自己的相对论概念而努力奋斗的思想片段。

第12段

Interspersed among Einstein's repeated expressions of love were discussions of scientific questions with which both were concerned.

在爱因斯坦的那些情意缱绻的信中也掺带着对他们双方都关心的科学问题的讨论。Unit 5

第1段

Whoever coined the phrase “save the planet” is a public relation genius. It conveys the sense of impending catastrophe and high purpose that has wrapped environmentalism in an aura of moral urgency. It also typifies environmentalism's

rhetorical excesses, which, in any other context, would be seen as wild exaggeration or simple dishonesty.

无论是谁杜撰了“拯救地球”这一说法，他都是一位公共关系方面的天才。这一说法既表达了对即将来临的灭顶之灾的意识，也满怀着使环境保护论带有道义紧迫感这一大的目标。同时这种说法也表明环境保护论言过其实，这种夸大在其他任何场合都会被视为是在危言耸听或愚蠢的欺骗。

第2段

Up to a point, our environmental awareness has checked a mindless enthusiasm for unrestrained economic growth. We have sensibly curbed some of growth's harmful side effects. But environmentalism increasingly resembles a holy crusade addicted to hype and ignorant of history. Every environmental ill is depicted as an onrushing calamity that—if not stopped—will end life as we know it.

就某种程度而言，我们的环境意识遏制了对自由经济增长所表现出的盲目热情。我们已明智地抑制了增长中所出现的一些有害的副作用，但是环境保护论却越来越像一场沉缅于狂热的宣传与对历史一无所知的圣战。每一由环境问题引发的不幸都被描绘成一场势不可挡的灾难。这场灾难如不加以制止，正像我们所知晓的那样，就会摧毁生命。

第5段

This is not an argument for indifference or inaction. It is an argument for perspective and balance. You can believe (as I do) that the possibility of greenhouse warming enhances an already strong case for an energy tax. A tax would curb ordinary air pollution, limit oil imports, cut the budget deficit and promote energy efficient investments that make economic sense.

这并非在为漠不关心或无动于衷进行辩解，这是在为前途和平衡而进行辩论。你可以相信(像我那样)，温室热效应的可能性强化了已具说服力的征缴能源税的理由。税收会抑制通常的空气污染，限制石油进口，减少预算赤字并提高具有经济意义的能效投入。

Unit 6

第16段

Don't spend and waste your lives accumulating objects that will only turn to dust and ashes. Pursue not so much the material as the ideal, for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.

不要为了积聚那些只会变成尘土、化为灰烬的东西耗尽你的精力、你的生命。与其追求物质不如追求理想，因为只有理想才能使生命有意义，才有长存的价值。

第17段

Add love to a house and you have a home. Add righteousness to a city and you have a community. Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school. Add religion to the humblest of edifices and you have a sanctuary. Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and you have civilization . Put them all together, exalt them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed, forever free of need and strife and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.

一所房子加上爱心，你就有了一个家；一个城市加上正直守法，你就有了一个社区；在一堆红砖上加上真理，你就有了一所学校；哪怕是最卑微简陋的建筑，只要有宗教，你就有了一所圣殿；把公正加在长期的人生努力奋斗中，你就有了文明教养。把这一切聚合起来，加以提高，使之超越于现存的缺点，还要有人类得到拯救的憧憬，永远无求无争，那么你将会有一个闪耀着希望的绚丽光彩的未来。

汉译英（考2个）

Unit 4

1. 这些年轻的工人技术员具备我们能希望他们有的一切条件。

These young worker-technicians have all the qualifications we can hope for.

2. 我倒是没摔坏，可是被吓得半死。

I was more frightened than hurt.

3.他们想知道那个女孩后来怎么样了。

They wondered what had become of the girl.

4.那个地区的农民喜欢桃柳间种。

The farmers in that area like to intersperse peach trees among the willows.

5.我痛恨那些对动物残忍的人。

I have a vehement hatred of people who are cruel to animals.

Unit 5

1．作者论文的副本已交给了编辑部。(present)

A cop y of the author’s article was presented to the editorial staffs.

2.虽然他在班上名列最后，但不能推断他没头脑，他可能只是很懒而已。(follow)

Just because he is at the bottom of the class, it does not follow that he has no brains; he may just be very lazy.

3.这些异常现象值得注意。(worth)

These unusual phenomena are worth noticing.

4.股东们在聘用新经理问题上发生了分歧。(at odds)

The partners have been at odds with each other over hiring a new manager.

5.这使我们得出结论：无知助长迷信。(foster)

This led us to the conclusion that ignorance fostered superstition.

Unit 6

1.我们面临的现实与其说是享受生命的报偿不如说是享受生命的进程。(not so much… as) The reality we are confronted with is that we enjoy not so much life’s rewards as life’s process.

2.我慢慢地明白了爱、欢乐连同痛苦也都如此珍贵，因为这些标志生命的存在。(dawn on) It slowly dawned on me that the love, the joy as well as the sufferings were so precious, for they marked the existence of life.

3.不要对生活中妙不可言的东西麻木不仁。

Don’t be indifferent to something in life that is too wondrous for description.

4.他一头埋在个人的私事中是决不会生活得快乐的。

He is too preoccupied with personal affairs to live happily.

5. 理想具有长存的价值，值得追求。

Ideals are of enduring worth, and worthy of pursuance.

6.他正确地观察事物。(perspective)

He sees things in their right perspective.

7.敌人决不甘心于他们的失败。

The enemies will never be reconciled to their defeat.

词汇

Unit 4

1. She was in anguish until she knew that her husband's life was saved.

A. great suffering

B. great regret

C. great despair

D. great disappointment

2. I have nothing but disdain for such a person.

A. respect

B. hatred

C. dislike

D. contempt

3. The grass was interspersed with beds of flowers.

A. scattered

B. spread

C. diversified

D. set here and there

4. I am sure disease must propagate in such unsanitary and crowded areas.

A. release

B. spread

C. promote

D. generate

5. There was a meager attendance at the council meeting.

A. small

B. enough

C. ample

D. haughty

6. The end of 1921 found the capitalist offensive against the workers in full swing.

A. negotiation

B. punishment

C. struggle

D. attack

7. We can't rule out the possibility that he will come after all.

A. exclude

B. refuse

C. accept

D. take

8. John was confined to bed for a week with his cold.

A. allowed in

B. kept in

C. tied to

D. shut on

9. We three were the sole survivors in the traffic accident.

A. lucky

B. fortunate

C. blessed

D. only

10. I slept through her dull speech.

A. dozing

B. boring

C. fascinating

D. imaginative

11. I have been in _________ with him about the matter.

A. letters

B. dealings

C. writings

D. correspondence

12. I could hear only __________ of their conversation.

A. pieces

B. slips

C. fragments

D. portions

13. The old lady ______ the sweet-smelling flowers into a garland.

A. tied

B. intertwined

C. curved

D. twisted

14. A ______ man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.

A. desperate

B. prudent

C. shrewd

D. rude

15. Most bacteria grow best in a slightly acid ______.

A. area

B. place

C. district

D. medium

16. Everyone knows that the firefly is a _____ insect.

A. firing

B. lighting

C. luminiferous

D. glowing

17. Sports, and not learning, seem to ______ in that school.

A. appear

B. occupy

C. dominate

D. lead

18. Each chess player will have five minutes to ______ his next move.

A. make

B. have

C. take

D. ponder

19. This time they really ______ better results.

A. hoped

B. hoped for

C. wished

D. wished to

20. ______ came of his success abroad.

A. Word

B. A word

C. Words

D. The word

Unit 5

1. His beautiful writing is akin to drawing.

A. as

B. from

C. above

D. like

2. His knowledge on the subject seems to be on a par with my own.

A. different from

B. the same as

C. related to

D. in accordance with

3. Tom and Mary were married a week after they met and soon found themselves at odds about religion.

A. in disagreement

B. on strike

C. in question

D. on purpose

4. The inventor was vilified in yesterday's newspaper.

A. abused

B. slandered

C. praised

D. criticized

5. The Mississippi flood of 1973 was a major catastrophe in which a great many lives were lost.

A. casualty

B. disaster

C. change

D. threat

6. She almost yielded to an unexpected impulse to dance in the street.

A. urgent desire

B. sudden wish

C. good idea

D. fancy thought

7. Mr. Green posed as a rich man though he owed more than he owned.

A. worked

B. looked

C. clothed

D. Behaved

8. They feared the plague and regarded it as a deadly scourge.

A. punishment

B. Illness

C. trouble

D. ailment

9. Some people have a bias against foreigners.

A. prejudice

B. dislike

C. hatred

D. favour

10. Your stay abroad will give you ample opportunities to learn a new language.

A. good

B. suitable

C. proper

D. enough

11. The dark clouds suggest a(n) ______ storm.

A. impending

B. surprising

C. fast

D. unexpected

12. Since the club owed $15 and had only $10 in the treasury, there was a ______ of $5.

A. sum

B. deficit

C. difference

D. surplus

13. The oil lamp ______ softly on the table.

A. glowed

B. lighted

C. sizzled

D. sounded

14. It ______ with you to decide.

A. talks

B. refers

C. lies

D. indicates

15. He ______ among the best heavyweight boxers of the past fifty years.

A. projects

B. shows

C. displays

D. rates

16. The constant turmoil in the office proved that he was an ______ administrator.

A. able

B. inept

C. experienced

D. active

17. The mother tried to ______ her son’s interest in music by taking him to con certs when he was young.

A. give

B. show

C. foster

D. cause

18. No matter how you read it, this sentence doesn’t make any __.

A. meaning

B. sound

C. progress

D. sense

19. I tried to find my keys but I was ______ by my thick gloves.

A. helped

B. hampered

C. annoyed

D. upset

20. To our grief, he became ______ to the drug.

A. addicted

B. interested

C. amused

D. disturbed

Unit6

1. The patient clenched the arms of the dentist's chair.

A. grasped

B. touched

C. placed on

D. pressed

2. The retiring professor was exalted by his colleague.

A. criticized

B. honored

C. driven out

D. examined

3. All the tourists were impressed by the amazing grandeur of Niagara Falls.

A. power

B. splendor

C. speed

D. height

4. We stared in awe at the president himself.

A. respect

B. concern

C. satisfaction

D. envy

5. The term “paper” is a little misleading when you consider the strength and endurance of the construction material.

A. lasting quality

B. unique

C. element

D. current status

6. When the moon wanes, it changes from the full to the new phase.

A. becomes smaller

B. transforms

C. eclipses

D. vanishes

7. Edward Ⅷ relinquished his throne to marry Mrs. Simpson.

A. took over

B. yielded

C. disregarded

D. vanished

8. The teacher had unusual insight into children’s emotions and knew clearly how to treat them.

A. perception

B. ignorance

C. creation

D. comprehension

9. Have you seen the new edifice of Elm Street?

A. department store

B. building

C. school

D. theatre

10. Property on which money has been lent is redeemed when the loan is paid back.

A. recovered

B. repurchased

C. rescued

D. discharged

11. She practiced the speech until her delivery and timing were completely ______.

A. faulty

B. imperfect

C. incorrect

D. faultless

12. He is an honest person. His actions are always ______ his words.

A. contradictory to

B. contradicted by

C. agreed with

D. consistent with

13. They called for "immediate, absolute, ______ separation from the North" and elected their own president, Jefferson Davis.

friendly B. lifelong C. eternal D. lasting

14. Charles _____ to the rope his would-be rescuers had thrown to him.

A. held

B. grasped

C. gripped

D. clung

15. This revived all my _______ love of science

A. wondrous

B. passionate

C. intensive

D. enthusiastic

16. He is doing an _______ course in physics.

A. intense

B. internal

C. instant

D. intensive

17. I don't care what you do about your job; it's no ______ of mine.

A. importance

B. matter

C. concern

D. subject

18. He was disappointed by his result, but he is now ______ to having to retake the exam.

A. composed

B. submitted

C. reconciled

D. supposed

19. Americans ______ with but one primitive bathroom on each floor revolted in horror.

A. facing

B. confronted

C. threatened

D. confused

20. Giving presents at Christmas is ______ in the West.

A. an institution

B. a habit

C. a rule

D. a law

Unit 10

1. Samsung, with a capitalisation as high as $57bn, has grown as one of the world’s most powerful technology companies in recent years.

A. money

B. wealth

C. profit

D. turnover

2. He just laughed, and dismissed the idea as unimportant.

A. treated

B. judged

C. estimated

D. supposed

3. His new book received accolades from the papers.

A. criticism

B. stress

C. underestimation

D. strong praise

4. He embraced at once my offer to employ him.

A. took willingly

B. refused

C. dismissed

D. laughed at

5. You should have bought the shares a month ago, and now you’ve missed the party.

A. been slow

B. lost a good chance

C. failed

D. wasted the money

6. He is a very versatile performer; he can act, sing, dance and play the piano.

A. good

B. skilful

C. gifted

D. emotional

7. The high IQ sets him apart from other children as an infant prodigy.

A. puts him apart

B. places him apart

C. brings him apart

D. makes him outstanding

8. Though he is a famous writer, his new book, we can only say, is prosaic.

A. pedestrian

B. annoying

C. dull

D. not so good

9. The stream eroded a channel in the solid rock.

A. broke

B. destroyed

C. corroded

D. corrupted

10. The actor coasted to stardom on his father’s name.

A. got

B. rose

C. reached

D. attained sth. without any effort

11. A medal was ______ to him for his good conduct.

A. given

B. awarded

C. judged

D. empowered

12. The Harry Potter and The Order of The Phoenix has become the most ______ book.

A. welcomed

B. sought-after high street

C. good-selling

D. best-sold

13. In the Asian financial crisis, many companies ______ their expenditures.

A saved B. dismissed

C. retrenched

D. shunted

14. In some cases, in order to temper the children, the parents should ______.

A. leave themselves to their own devices

B. give them no advice

C. give them some advice

D. let them exercise themselves

15. "Made in China", once was regarded as the nick-name of cheap ______, is now becoming more innovative and desirable on the world market.

A. goods

B. imitations

C. second-hand products

D. low-end goods

16. Their small protest ______ a mass demonstration.

A. brought

B. touched

C. triggered

D. raised

17. Their salaries were ______ when business became bad.

A. increased

B. decreased

C. kept steady

D. slashed

18. The interest of all the students ______ upon the New Year celebration.

A. converged

B. was alike

C. was different

D. was similar

19. Loyal friends are a person’s ______ in time of trouble.

A. help

B. support

C. mainstay

D. base

20. A saying goes like this: out of a ______, one can draw the most beautiful paintings.

A. drawing board

B. canvas

C. painted scroll

D. blank canvas

Unit 11

1. More and more overseas students are coming back to China to develop their careers;

this will definitely increase the Chinese competitive edge over other countries.

A. attraction

B. research

C. advantage

D. partnership

2. Tryouts for community orchestras are frequently judged by committees.

A. Performances

B. Advertisements

C. Novelties

D. Auditions

3. Political cartoons often convey messages by mocking a particular type of personality or institution.

A. entertaining

B. ignoring

C. drawing

D. ridiculing

4. The Ford Foundation is one of the world’s wealthiest philanthropic organizations.

A. multi-national

B. governmental

C. profligate

D. humanitarian

5. What may be considered courteous in one culture may be interpreted as arrogant in another.

A. clumsy

B. sleazy

C. surly

D. flimsy

6. Rival traditions of acting have coexisted in western theater since antiquity.

A. Myriad

B. Rudimentary

C. Stylistic

D. Conflicting

7. Failure to limit the expansion of the industry will eventually lead to its collapse.

A. reduction

B. drawback

C. destruction

D. downfall

8. We all appreciate his acute perception of other people’s emotions.

A. insight

B. intention

C. distinction

D. understanding

9. In order to win the presidential election, the candidates vie with each other in recruiting

a team of the brightest minds available.

A.summoning

B. congesting

C. enrolling

D. recollecting

10. The reproductive potential of aphids ( 蚜虫) unmatched in the insect world.

A. unqualified

B. unparalleled

C. unrecognized

D. underestimated

11. Opponents of our tax program argue that it discourages ______from trying new fields of business activity.

A. geologists

B. sportsmen

C. mediators

D. entrepreneurs

12. The headmaster had been trying for years to_____ money for a new science laboratory.

A. Increase

B. contribute

C. raise

D. collect

13. I am afraid the old man won’t live much longer; he seems to have________ the struggle.

A. given in

B. given up

14. The Spanish pianist who has been praised very highly___ to be a great disappointment.

A. turned up

B. turned in

C. turned down

D. turned out

15. Because the_____ of such writing is important, we expect the familiar essayist to work by instruction, to be subtle instead of obvious.

A. note

B. tune

C. rhythm

D. tone

16. After the concert, the clean-up crew found the campus_____ with candy wrappers, bottles and cans.

A. scrubbed

B. scattered

C. littered

D. dispersed

17. She tried to______ all the money she spent when she was studying abroad.

A. get hold of

B. catch on to

C. bring forward to

D. keep track of

18. Man’s understanding and his mastering of matter and energy______ his claim to superiority, provide him with the basis for enriching and deepening human experience. A. designate B. justify

C. deserve

D. illustrate

19. Some of the most important concepts in physics_____ their success to these mathematical systems.

C. contribute

D. attribute

20. There was a great deal of______ about the cabinet shakeup.

A. speculation

B. prosecution

C. detection

D. publication

Unit 12

1. The club's code of dress requires men to wear ties at dinner.

A. signal

B. letter

C. number

D. Rule

2. He is exempt from military service because of his poor eyesight.

A. protected by

B. freed from

C. provided for

D. ruled in

3. This commercial statute of fair competition is often broken.

A. status

B. statue

C. regulation

D. register

4. The Roman Empire rapidly waned in power in the 5th century.

A. lost

B. grew

C. developed

D. seized

5. The incessant noise whistles kept me awake all night.

A. incentive

B. never stopping

C. Repetitious

D. rampant

6. The passengers on the disabled ship were in great peril.

A. fear

B. despair

C. danger

D. inconvenience

7. The President's enemies are spreading rumors to undermine his authority.

A. prevent

B. prevail

C. wipe out

D. weaken

8. Your compliance with his request pleased your father.

A. refusal

B. cooperation

C. connection

D. obedience

9. He told us an amusing anecdote of the President's childhood.

A. a short story

B. rumor

C. legend

D. hearsay

10. The director of this play has took liberties with Shakespeare's writing.

A. thought little of

B. learned by heart

C. thought no end of

D. changed ...freely

11. You needn’t ask him to come; he’ll come _____.

A. in no time

B. subsequently

C. as a matter of course

D. instead

12. The baby seems content, he must have ____ his new nursemaid.

A. taken to

B. taken after

C. taken from

D. taken in

13. Modern industry _____ opportunities for young men with imagination.

A. provides

B. has

C. leaves

D. abounds in

14. The little boy _____ his father by begging over and over to go to the zoo.

A. plagued

B. teased

C. worried

D. hurt

15. Don’t try to _____ of doing that difficult job because it is a good chance to chasten you.

A. delay

B. duck out

C. scorn

D. deprive

16. He received a _____ wound soon after the battle began, and died two days later in a hospital.

A. mortal

B. moral

C. curative

D. slight

17. Measles is a(n) _____ disease. Whenever it occurs, children should be kept from going to public places.

A. serious

B. infectious

C. chronic

D. acute

18. The children _____ the forest because they did not want to go through it.

A. skirted

B. were afraid of

C. disliked

D. took a devious route