建设工程项目评估方法分析

建设工程项目评估方法分析

摘要

项目评估就是在投资决策（执行）前对建设项目的可行性研究报告进可行性研究报告进行评价。目的是确定投资项目是否可以立项，并站在项目的起点，应用技术经济技术经济分析的方法来分析预测和评价投资项目未来的效益，以确定项目的投资是否值得分析的方与可行。它是投资决策的前奏和决策的依据，是建设程序和决策程序必要的组成部分。也就是说，可行性研究和项目评估都是为投资的项目决策服务的。项目评估工作可以在可行性研究的同时就进行调查研究（项目跟踪），在拿到可行性研究报告后，提出评估意见。项目评估工作由专门的、有资信的投资咨询机构独立完成。在项目运营后还要做项目后评价。项目后评价是针对投资决策前的项目评估而言的，它是站在项目完工的时点上，方面检查和总结项目实施过程，项目完工的时点上，找出问题，项目完工的时点上分析原因；另一方面，要以后评价为时点为基点，预测项目未来发展。项目的前评估、后评价在评估的基本原则和方法内容上大致相同，主要区别是后者不过是对前者预期结果的检验：前评估的主要判别标准是投资主体要求获得的收益或收益率，而后评价的判别标准侧重点是前评估的结论，主要采用对比方法。因此项目后评价和项目决策前的评估具有不同的意义，它也是项目周期的重要组成部分。反馈经验教训是后评价的主要特点。其作用是：检验投资效果，改进投资管理。总结经验教训，完善项目评估与决策，为未来同类建设项目提供借鉴，提高投资效益。目的是在今后把失误减少到最低程度。

关键词:工程项目;后评估方法;比较法;逻辑框架法;成功度法

Abstrct

P roject evaluation is in the investment decision-making (executive) before construction projects feasibility study report into the feasibility study report into line evaluation. Do evaluation. Purpose is to determine whether can project investment projects, and stood in the starting point of the project, application technology economic and technological economic analysis method to analysis, forecast and evaluation of the project will benefit investment, to determine the project investment is worth the analysis of the party, and feasible. It is the prelude of investment decision and decisions on, is construction procedure and decision-making procedures necessary component. That is, the feasibility study and project evaluation is for investment project decision service. Project evaluation can work in the feasibility study and research (project track), get the feasibility study report, propose

evaluation opinions. Project evaluation work by special, credit's investment consultation organization independently. In the project operation and evaluation of project after. Project evaluation for investment decision is before the project evaluation and said, it is standing in the project completion point, check and summarized in the project implementation process, the project completion point, find out the problems and completion of the project at a causes; On the other hand, to evaluation table is for later point, predict the future development of the project. Project evaluation, evaluation before in the evaluation of the basic principle and methods of content is roughly same, the main difference is the latter to the former is but expected results of inspection: the main difference between before evaluation standard is the main body of investment demands for revenue or accept profit rate, and the identification of evaluation standards before the conclusion of a focus assessment, mainly USES the method of comparison. So after a mesh evaluation and project decision-making evaluation prior to have a different meaning, it is also an important project cycle of points. Feedback experience is the main characteristics of evaluation. Its role is: inspection investment effect, improve investment tube reason. Sum up experience, perfect project evaluation and decision, for future construction to provide a reference for the similar project, improve the benefit of investment. Purpose in the future is the minimum error.

Keywords: engineering projects; After evaluation methods; Comparison method; The logical frame, the method of Success degree

建设工程项目后评估,是对已建成并投入生产使用的建设项目的审批决策、建设实施和生产使用全过程进行总结评估,从而判断项目预期目标的实现程度,总结经验教训,提高未来项目投资管理水平的一系列工作的总称。建设工程项目后评估是项目投资建设中一项非常重要的工作阶段是对已建工程项目进行回顾评估是建设项目管理的重要内容之一。重点分析了基于定量与定性分析的建设项目后评估方法结合工程实例对各种方法进行了分析研究总结了经验和教训,并提出了建议。项目后通常要涉及四个方面的基本内容:有过程评估、效益评估、持续性评估和形象评估。在项目后评估中,按照宏观分析和微观分析相结合,定量分析和定性分析相结合的原则,为达到项目后评价的目的,开展后评估通过对比和综合分析的方法,总结主要经验和教训,提出问题和建议。