小学数学公文式学习
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小学数学公文式学习
自然数的加法及减法:
(1)- 32 = 11 (2)+ 43 = 48
(3)67 - = 40 (4)- 47 = 3
(5)82 - = 74 (6)- 37 = 6
(7)23 - = 17 (8)14 + = 35
(9)+ 60 = 99 (10)87 - = 81
(11)54 - = 15 (12)34 + = 73
(13)25 + = 60 (14)+ 31 = 60 自然数的乘法和除法:
分数加、减计算法则:
1)分母相同时,只把分子相加、减,分母不变;
2)分母不相同时,要先通分成同分母分数再相加、减。
之一:分母相同
之二:分母不相同,先通分再加减(用等式性质2分子分母同乘一个不为零的数)
例:
5
2
3
2
1
3
1
1
1
=
+
=
⨯
+
⨯
=
+(仿照倒题格式完成下列计算)
分数乘法的运算法则:
分数乘整数时,用分数的分子和整数相乘的积做分子,分母不变。(能约分要在计算中先约分)
分数乘分数,用分子相乘的积做分子,分母相乘的积做分母,能约分的要约成最简分数(在计算中约分)。但分子和分母不能为零。
分数的除法法则:
分数除以一个数,等于乘这个数的倒数
分数四则混合运算
一、准确计算:先乘除,后加减,有括号先算括号,同级运算从左到右
65+35×54 85-41×(98÷32) (21-61)×53÷5
1 61÷【17
9×(43+32)】 1211-41+103÷53 32÷【(43-21)×54】 54÷3+32×54 52+21×53+107 1312×73+74×1312+13
12 52+154-52 76×85+83÷67 (117-83)×88 13—48×(121+16
1)
中学有理数运算公文式学习:
有理数的加法法则:
1)同号两数相加,取相同的符号,并把绝对值相加。
2)绝对值不相等的异号两数相加,取绝对值较大的加数的符号,并用较大的绝对值减去较小的绝对值,互为相反数的两个数相加得0。
3)一个数同0相加,仍得这个数
同号两数相加(+) 同号两数相加(-) 异号两数相加异号两数相加
(+5)+(+7)=+(5+7)=+12 (-5)+(-7)=-(5+7)=-12 (+5)+(-7)=-(7-5)=-2 (-5)+(+7)=+(7-5)=+2 (+6)+(+3)=______=+ (-8)+(-2)=-( )=- (+2)+(-9)=-( )=- (-4)+(+9)=+( )=+ (+1)+(+17)= = (-9)+(-7)= = (+15)+(-7)= = (-2)+(+3)= = (+8)+(+7)= = (-8)+(-7)= = (+8)+(-7)= = (-8)+(+7)= = (+2)+(+7)= = (-2)+(-7)= = (+2)+(-7)= = (-2)+(+7)= = (+5)+(+3)= = (-5)+(-3)= = (+5)+(-3)= = (-5)+(+3)= = (+5)+(+1)= = (-5)+(-1)= = (+5)+(-1)= = (-5)+(+1)= = (+4)+(+7)= = (-4)+(-7)= = (+4)+(-7)= = (-4)+(+7)= = (+5)+(+9)= = (-5)+(-9)= = (+5)+(-9)= = (-5)+(+9)= = (+4)+(+6)= = (-6)+(-6)= = (+5)+(-10)= = (-2)+(+5)= = (+5)+(+5)= = (-5)+(-5)= = (+5)+(-5)= = (-5)+(+5)= =
有理数的减法法则:
减去一个数,等于加这个数的相反数
(+5)-(+7)=(+5)+(-7)=-2 (-5)-(-7)=(-5)+(+7)=+2 (+5)-(-7)=(+5)+(+7)=+12 (-5)-(+7)=(-5)+(-7)=-12 (+6)-(+3)=______= (-8)-(-2)= = (+2)-(-9)= = (-4)-(+9)= = (+1)-(+17)= = (-9)-(-7)= = (+15)-(-7)= = (-2)-(+3)= = (+8)-(+7)= = (-8) - (-7)= = (+8) - (-7)= = (-8)-(+7)= = (+2)-(+7)= = (-2)-(-7)= = (+2)-(-7)= = (-2)-(+7)= = (+5)-(+3)= = (-5)-(-3)= = (+5)-(-3)= = (-5)-(+3)= =
完成下列加减运算,直接写出结果:
(1) - 5 - 2 = (2)-7 - 1 - 1 = (3)-8 - 5 - 2 =
(4) - 5 - 2 = (5)9 - 6 - 1 = (6)-7 - 3 - 1 =
(7) - 4 - 1 = (8)5 - 4 - 1 = (9)-5 - 2 - 1 =
(10) - 6 - 1 = (11)-6 - 2 - 2 = (12)-8 - 4 - 2 =
(13) - 3 - 1 = (14)-3 - 2 - 1 = (15)8+ 5 - 2 =
(16)9 - 1 = (17)8 - 4 +2 = (18)-8 - 5 - 1 =
(19)- 3 - 2 = (20)4 - 2 + 2 = (21)-9 - 4 - 1 =
(22) 6 – 1 = (23) - 6 - 1 = (24)6 - 2 - 2 =
(25)8 - 1 = (26)-7 - 4 - 1 = (27)-9 - 2 =
(28)- 6 - 2 = (29)-9 - 6 - 1 = (30)17 - 6 - 1 =
(31)8 - 4 = (32)-9 + 6 - 2 = (33)-6 - 1 - 1 =
(34) - 3 - 1 = (35)-7 - 1 - 1 = (36)-7 - 5 - 2 =
(37)5 - 3 - 2 = (38)-8 - 5 - 1 = (39)8 - 5 - 2 =
(40)8 - 5 - 2 = (41)8 - 4 - 1 = (42)-6 - 1 - 1 =
(43)-9 - 4 - 2 = (44)9 - 5 - 2 = (45)-9 - 4 - 1 =
(46)-6 - 4 - 2 = (47)-8 - 2 - 2 = (48)-9 - 4 - 2 =
(49)-8 - 5 - 1 = (50)-8 - 6 - 2 =