英语四级考试真题及答案第套

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2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第1套)

2020年9月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第1套）听力答案：1.A) Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2.D) They may be affecting the world’s climate.3.C) To call for a permanent security guard.4.A) It had already taken strong action.5.B) The road was blocked.6.D) A track hit a barrier and overturned.7.B) It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8.A) She wanted to save for a new phone.9.D) They are less aware of the value of their money.10.B) More non-essential things.11.C) It may lead to excessive spending.12.C) He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13.B) Describe the furniture he received.14.A) Correct their mistake.15. с) She apologized to the man once more.16. B) Tidying up one's home.17. A) Things that make one happy.18. C) It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19. A) Give free meals to the homeless.20. D) Follow his example.21. C) Sending him had-made bags.22. A) To solve word search puzzles.23. B) They could no longer concentrate on their task.24. C) A reduction in the amount of sleep.25. C) Realize the disruptive effects of technology.PART I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on online dictionaries. You can start your essay with the sentence "O nline dictionaries are becoming increasingly popular. "You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考范文：With the growing popularity of smart phones and the high coverage rate of wireless network, online dictionaries are becoming increasingly popular for students in daily study. It seems to be a trend that online dictionaries would replace paper ones. However, just as the saying goes, “different strokes for different folks.”Some students are more prone to use online dictionaries and have two points to support it. First, online dictionaries are more portable, and make it possible to look up any new words that we met anytime and anywhere only via a small phone in our hands. Second, we can improve both written and oral skills, as online dictionaries allow us to hear the native pronunciation of each word clearly. Whereas others hold differently. They are still in favor of use print ones. For one thing, paper dictionaries can protect our eyesight better than online ones as digital devices may emit radiation if we watch the electronic screen for a long time. For another, using the print dictionary can prevent us from being distracted by reminders of irrelevant information.As far as I’m concerned, although the content of paper dictionaries is authoritative, its lexicon is not updated as quickly as online ones. After all, we live in an informationage and can have access to many hot words on the Internet every day.【选词填空第1套】26. H integrate27. B coincidence28. A associated29. L recognizable30. I maximizes31. N stressful32. K principal33. J natural34. M simply35. O symbolized【信息匹配第1套】Doctor’s orders: Let children just play36. H 段落第一句Another playtime thief37. E 段落第一句The trends have been a long time coming.38. L 段落第一句Play may not be a hard sell to kids.39.G 段落第一句Predictions aren’t the only ones who have noticed.40. D段落第一句“play is not silly behavior,”41. I 段落第一句“I respect that parents have busy lives and it’s easy to hand a child a iPhone”42.C 段落第一句The advice, issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics43. K 段落第一句Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.44. F 段落第一句By 200945. B 段落第一句“This may seem old-fashioned, but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren’t told what to do”【仔细阅读第1套】Text 1 ：Diets46.What does the author say may have an adverse impact on people?A.Under going plastic surgeries in pursuit of beauty.B.Imitating the life styles of heroes and role models.C.Striving to achieve perfection regardless of financial cost.D.Attempting to meet society’s expectation of appearance47.What have researchers found out about people’ s earnings?A.They are closely related to people’s social status.B.They have to do with people’s body weight and shapeC.They seem to matter much less to men than to womenD.They may not be equal to people’s contributions48.What does the author’ s recent study focus on?A.Previous literature on indicators of competitiveness in the work place.B.Traits that matter most in one’s pursuit of success in the labor market.C.Whether self-perception of body image impacts one’s work place successD.How bosses’ perception of body image impacts employees’ advancement.49.What is the finding of the author’s recent research?A.Being over weight actually does not do much harm to the overall well-being of employees.B.People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception of body weightC.Self-esteem helps to combat gender in equality in the work place.D.Gender in equality continues to frustrate a lot of female employees.50.What does the author think would help improve the condition in the labor market?A.Banning discrimination on the bass of employees’ body imageB.Expanding protection of women against gender discrimination.C.Helping employees change their own perception of beauty.D.Excluding body shape as a category in the labor contract.答案：46.D 47.B 48.C 49.B 50.AText 2 ：Work-life balance51.What does the author suggest by saying"The work-life balance is dead”?A.the hope of achieving a thriving life is impossible to realize.B.the pursuit of a fulfilling career involves personal sacrificeC.the imbalance between work and life simply doesn’t exist anymore.D.the concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life.52. What does the author say about our use of language?A. it impacts how we think and behave.B.it changes with the passage of time..C. it reflects how we communicate.D. it differs from person to person.53.What does the author say we do in an ideal world?A.we do work that betters the lives of our families and friends.B. we do work that gives us bursts of joy each new day.C. we do meaningful work that contributes to society.D. we do demanding work that brings our capacity into full play.54. What does the author say about life?A. it is cyclicalB.it is dynamicC.it is fulfillingD. it is risky.55. what does the author advise us to do?A.make life as simple as possibleB.talk about balance in simpler termsC. balance life and work in a new wayD.strive for a more fulfilling life.答案：51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. D翻译茅台(Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒，在新中国成立前夕，被选为国宴用酒。

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案（第一套）

6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案（第一套）2015年6月英语四级考试真题试卷及答案(第一套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then comment on the kid's understanding of going to school. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________1.A) He will give the woman some tips on the game.B) The woman has good reason to quit the game.C) He is willing to play chess with the woman.D) The woman should go on playing chess.2.A) The man can forward the mail to Mary.B) She can call Maiy to take care of the mail.C) Mary probably knows Sally's new address.D) She would like to resume contact with Sally.3.A) His handwriting has a unique style.B) His notes are not easy to read.C) He did not attend today's class.D) He is very pleased to be able to help.4.A) The man had better choose another restaurant.B) The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating.C) The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately.D) The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant.5.A) He has been looking forward to spring.B) He has been waiting for the winter sale.C) He will clean the woman's boots for spring.D) He will help the woman put things away.6.A) The woman is rather forgetful.B) The man appreciates the woman's help.C) The man often lends books to the woman.D) The woman often works overtime at weekends.7.A) Go to work on foot.B) Take a sightseeing trip.C) Start work earlier than usual.D) Take a walk when the weather is nice.8.A) The plane is going to land at another airport.B) All flights have been delayed due to bad weather.C) Temporary closing has disturbed the airport's operation.D) The airport's management is in real need of improvement.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) It specializes in safety from leaks.B) It is headquartered in London.C) It has a partnership with LCP.D) It has a chemical processing plant.10.A) He is Mr. Grand's Mend.B) He is a safety inspector.C) He is a salesman.D) He is a chemist.11.A) Director of the safety department.B) Mr. Grand's personal assistant.C) Head of the personnel department.D) The public relations officer.12.A) Wait for Mr. Grand to call back.B) Leave a message for Mr. Grand.C) Provide details of their products and services.D) Send a comprehensive description of their work.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A) She learned playing the violin from a famous French musician.B) She dreamed of working and living in a European country.C) She read a lot about European musicians and their music.D) She listened to recordings of many European orchestras.14.A) She began taking violin lessons as a small child.B) She was a pupil of a famous European violinist.C) She gave her first performance with her father.D) She became a professional violinist at fifteen.15.A) It gave her a chance to explore the city.B) It was the chance of a lifetime.C) It was a great challenge to her.D) It helped her learn classical French music.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16.A) There are mysterious stories behind his works.B) There are many misunderstandings about him.C) His works have no match worldwide.D) His personal history is little known.17.A) He moved to Stratford-on-Avon in his childhood.B) He failed to go beyond grammar school.C) He was a member of the town council.D) He once worked in a well-known acting company.18.A) Writers of his time had no means to protect their works.B) Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire.C) His works were adapted beyond recognition.D) People of his time had little interest in him.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A) Theft.B) Cheating.C) Air crash.D) Road accidents.20.A) Leam the local customs.B) Make hotel reservations.C) Book tickets well in advance.D) Have the right documents.21.A) Contact your agent.B) Get a lift if possible.C) Use official transport.D) Have a friend meet you.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A) Cut down production cost.B) Sell inexpensive products.C) Specialise in gold ornaments.D) Refine the taste of his goods.23.A) At a national press conference.B) During a live television interview.C) During a local sales promotion campaign.D) At a meeting of top British businesspeople.24.A) Insulted.B) Puzzled.C) Distressed.D) Discouraged.25.A) The words of some businesspeople are just rubbish.B) He who never learns from the past is bound to fail.C) There should be a limit to one's sense of humour.D) He is not laughed at, that laughs at himself first.Looking at the basic biological systems, the world is not doing very well. Yet economic indicators show the world is __26__ . Despite a slow start at the beginning of the eighties, global economic output increased by more than a fifth during the __27__ . The economy grew, trade increased, and millions of new jobs were created. How can biological indicators show the __28__ of economic indicators?The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resource uses that __29__ progress and those uses that will hurt it. The main measure of economic progress is the gross national product (GNP). __30__ , this totals the value of all goods and services produced and subtracts loss in value of factories and equipment. Developed a half-century ago, GNP helped __31__ a common way among countries of measuring change in economic output. For some time, this seemed to work __32__ well, but serious weaknesses are now appearing. As indicated earlier, GNP includes loss in value of factories and equipment, but it does not __33__ the loss of natural resources, including nonrenewable resources such as oil or renewable resources such as forests.This basic fault can produce a __34__ sense of national economic health. According to GNP, for example, countries that overcut forests actually do better than those that preserve their forests. The trees cut down are counted as income is made for __35__ the forests.参考答案：26. prospering27. decade28. opposite29. sustain30. In simple terms31. establish32. reasonably33. take into account34. misleading35. using upQuestions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.The U. S. Department of Education is making efforts to ensure that all students have equal access to a quality education. Today it is __36__ the launch of the Excellent Educators for All Initiative. The initiative will help states and school districts support great educators for the students who need them most."All children are __37__ to a high-quality education regardless of their race, zip code or family income. It is __38__ important that we provide teachers and principals the support they need to help students reach their full __39__ ," U. S. Secretary of Education Ame Duncan said. " Despite the excellent work and deep __40__ of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high-poverty, high-minority schools are unfairly treated across our country. We have to do better. Local leaders and educators will __41__ their own creative solutions, but we must work together to __42__ our focus on how to better recruit, support and __43__ effective teachers and principals for all students, especially the kids who need them most. "Today's announcement is another important step forward inimproving access to a quality education, a __44__ of President Obama's year of action. Later today, Secretary Duncan will lead a roundtable discussion with principals and school teachers from across the country about the __45__ of working in high-need schools and how to adopt promising practices for supporting great educators in these schools.A) announcingB) beneficialC) challengesD) commitmentE) componentF) contestsG) criticallyH) developI) distributingJ) enhanceK) entitledL) potentialM) properlyN) qualifiedO) retain参考答案：AKGLD HJOECThe Changes Facing Fast FoodA) Fast-food firms have to be a thick-skinned bunch. Health experts regularly criticise them severely for selling food that makes people fat. Critics even complain that McDonald's, whose logo symbolises calorie excess, should not have been allowed to sponsor the World Cup. These are things fast-food firms have leamt to cope with. But not perhaps for much longer. The burger business faces more pressure from regulators at a time when it isalready adapting strategies in response to shifts in the global economy.B) Fast food was once thought to be recession-proof. When consumers need to cut spending, the logic goes, cheap meals like Big Macs and Whoppers become even more attractive. Such "trading down" proved true for much of the latest recession, when fast-food companies picked up customers who could no longer afford to eat at casual restaurants. Traffic was boosted in America, the home of fast food, with discounts and promotions, such as $1 menus and cheap combination meals.C) As a result, fast-food chains have weathered the recession better than their more expensive competitors. In 2009 sales at full-service restaurants in America fell by more than 6% , but total sales remained about the same at fast-food chains. In some markets, such as Japan, France and Britain, total spending on fast food increased. Same-store sales in America at McDonald's, the world's largest fast-food company, did not decline throughout the downturn. Panera Bread, an American fast-food chain known for its fresh ingredients, performed well, too, because it offers higher-quality food at lower prices than restaurants.D) But not all fast-food companies have been as fortunate. Many, such as Burger King, have seen sales fall. In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. David Palmer, an analyst at UBS, a bank, says smaller fast-food chains in America, such as Jack in the Box and Carl's Jr., have been hit particularly hard in this downturn because they are competing with the global giant McDonald's, which increased spending on advertising by more than 7% last year as others cut back.E) Some fast-food companies also sacrificed their own profitsby trying to give customers better value. During the recession companies set prices low, hoping that once they had tempted customers through the door they would be persuaded to order more expensive items. But in many cases that strategy did not work. Last year Burger King franchisees (特许经营人) sued (起诉) the company over its double-cheeseburger promotion, claiming it was unfair for them to be required to sell these for $1 when they cost $1.10 to make. In May a judge ruled in favour of Burger King. Nevertheless, the company may still be cursing its decision to promote cheap choices over more expensive ones because items on its "value menu" now account for around 20% of all sales, up from 12% last October.F) Analysts expect the fast-food industry to grow modestly this year. But the downturn is making companies rethink their strategies. Many are now introducing higher-priced items to entice (引诱) consumers away from $1 specials. KFC, a division of Yum! Brands, which also owns Taco Bell and Pizza Hut, has launched a chicken sandwich that costs around $5. And in May Burger King introduced barbecue (烧烤) pork ribs at $7 for eight.G) Companies are also trying to get customers to buy new and more items, including drinks. McDonald's started selling better coffee as a challenge to Starbucks. Its "McCafe" line now accounts for an estimated 6% of sales in America. Starbucks has sold rights to its Seattle's Best coffee brand to Burger King, which will start selling it later this year.H) As fast-food companies shift from "super size" to "more buys" , they need to keep customer traffic high throughout the day. Many see breakfast as a big opportunity, and not just for fatty food. McDonald's will start selling porridge (粥) in America next year. Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable, saysSara Senatore of Bernstein, a research firm, because the margins can be high. Fast-food companies are also adding midday and late-night snacks, such as blended drinks and wraps. The idea is that by having a greater range of tilings on the menu, "we can sell to consumers products they want all day," says Rick Carucci, the chief financial officer of Yum! Brands.I) But what about those growing waistlines? So far, fast-food firms have cleverly avoided government regulation. By providing healthy options, like salads and low-calorie sandwiches, they have at least given the impression of doing something about helping to fight obesity (肥胖症) . These offerings are not necessarily loss-leaders, as they broaden the appeal of outlets to groups of diners that include some people who don't want to eat a burger. But customers cannot be forced to order salads instead of fries.J) In the future, simply offering a healthy option may not be good enough. "Every packaged-food and restaurant company I know is concerned about regulation right now," says Mr. Palmer of UBS. America's health-reform bill, which Congress passed this year, requires restaurant chains with 20 or more outlets to put the calorie-content of items they serve on the menu. A study by the National Bureau of Economic Research, which tracked the effects on Starbucks of a similar calorie-posting law in New York City in 2007, found that the average calorie-count per transaction fell 6% and revenue increased 3% at Starbucks stores where a Dunkin Donuts outlet was nearby-a sign, it is said, that menu-labelling could favour chains that have more healthy offerings.K) In order to avoid other legislation in America and elsewhere, fast-food companies will have to continue innovating (创新). Walt Riker of McDonald's claims the change it has madein its menu means it offers more healthy items than it did a few years ago. " We probably sell more vegetables, more milk, more salads, more apples than any restaurant business in the world," he says. But the recent proposal by a county in California to ban McDonald's from including toys in its high-calorie "Happy Meals" , because legislators believe it attracts children to unhealthy food, suggests there is a lot more left to do.46. Some people propose laws be made to stop McDonald's from attaching toys to its food specials for children.47. Fast-food firms may not be able to cope with pressures from food regulation in the near future.48. Burger King will start to sell Seattle's Best coffee to increase sales.49. Some fast-food firms provide healthy food to give the impression they are helping to tackle the obesity problem.50. During the recession, many customers turned to fast food to save money.51. Many people eat out less often to save money in times of recession.52. During the recession, Burger King's promotional strategy of offering low-priced items often proved ineffective.53. Fast-food restaurants can make a lot of money by selling breakfast.54. Many fast-food companies now expect to increase their revenue by introducing higher-priced items.55. A newly-passed law asks big fast-food chains to specify the calorie count of what they serve on the menu.参考答案：KAGIB DEHFJPassage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.If you think a high-factor sunscreen (防晒霜) keeps you safe from harmful rays, you may be wrong. Research in this week's Nature shows that while factor 50 reduces the number of melanomas (黑瘤) and delays their occurrence, it can't prevent them. Melanomas are the most aggressive skin cancers. You have a higher risk if you have red or blond hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes, or sunburn easily, or if a close relative has had one. Melanomas are more common if you have periodic intense exposure to the sun. Other skin cancers are increasingly likely with long-term exposure.There is continuing debate as to how effective sunscreen is in reducing melanomas-the evidence is weaker than it is for preventing other types of skin cancer. A 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people found that people randomly selected to apply sunscreen daily had half the rate of melanomas of people who used cream as needed. A second study, comparing 1,167 people with melanomas to 1,101 who didn't have the cancer, found that using sunscreen routinely, alongside other protection such as hats, long sleeves or staying in the shade, did give some protection. This study said other forms of sun protection-not sunscreen-seemed most beneficial. The study relied on people remembering what they had done over each decade of their lives, so it's not entirely reliable. But it seems reasonable to think sunscreen gives people a false sense of security in the sun.Many people also don't use sunscreen properly-applying insufficient amounts, failing to reapply after a couple of hours and staying in the sun too long. It is sunburn that is most worrying-recent research shows five episodes of sunburn in the teenage years increases the risk of all skin cancers.The good news is that a combination of sunscreen andcovering up can reduce melanoma rates, as shown by Australian figures from their slip-slop-slap campaign. So if there is a heat wave this summer, it would be best for us, too, to slip on a shirt, slop on (抹上) sunscreen and slap on a hat.56. What is people's common expectation of a high-factor sunscreen?A) It will delay the occurrence of skin cancer.B) It will protect them from sunburn.C) It will keep their skin smooth and fair.D) It will work for people of any skin color.57. What does the research in Nature say about a high-factor sunscreen?A) It is ineffective in preventing melanomas.B) It is ineffective in case of intense sunlight.C) It is ineffective with long-term exposure.D) It is ineffective for people with fair skin.58. What do we learn from the 2011 Australian study of 1,621 people?A) Sunscreen should be applied alongside other protection measures.B) High-risk people benefit the most from the application of sunscreen.C) Irregular application of sunscreen does women more harm than good.D) Daily application of sunscreen helps reduce the incidence of melanomas.59. What does the author say about the second Australian study?A) It misleads people to rely on sunscreen for protection.B) It helps people to select the most effective sunscreen.C) It is not based on direct observation of the subjects.D) It confirms the results of the first Australian study.60. What does the author suggest to reduce melanoma rates?A) Using both covering up and sunscreen.B) Staying in the shade whenever possible.C) Using covering up instead of sunscreen.D) Applying the right amount of sunscreen.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. Some 65% of American men aged 62 - 74 with a professional degree are in the workforce, compared with 32% of men with only a high-school certificate. This gap is part of a deepening divide between the well-educated well-off and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity (长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than more years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.But the notion of a sharp division between the working young and the idle old misses a new trend, the growing gap between the skilled and the unskilled. Employment rates arefalling among younger unskilled people, whereas older skilled folk are working longer. The divide is most extreme in America, where well-educated baby-boomers (二战后生育高峰期出生的.美国人) are putting off retirement while many less-skilled younger people have dropped out of the workforce.Policy is partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people to retire early. Rising life expectancy (预期寿命), combined with the replacement of generous defined-benefit pension plans with less generous defined-contribution ones, means that even the better-off must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are more productive than the preceding generation. Technological change may well reinforce that shift: the skills that complement computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.61. What is happening in the workforce in rich countries?A) Younger people are replacing the elderly.B) Well-educated people tend to work longer.C) Unemployment rates are rising year after year.D) People with no college degree do not easily find work.62. What has helped deepen the divide between the well-off and the poor?A) Longer life expectancies.B) A rapid technological advance.C) Profound changes in the workforce.D) A growing number of the well-educated.63. What do many observers predict in view of theexperience of the 20th century?A) Economic growth will slow down.B) Government budgets will increase.C) More people will try to pursue higher education.D) There will be more competition64. What is the result of policy changes in European countries?A) Unskilled workers may choose to retire early.B) More people have to receive in-service training.C) Even wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D) People may be able to enjoy generous defined-benefits from pension plans.65. What is characteristic of work in the 21st century?A) Computers will do more complicated work.B) More will be taken by the educated young.C) Most jobs to be done will be the creative ones.D) Skills are highly valued regardless of age.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一。

英语四级考试真题试卷附答案

英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(完整版第1套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a ne ws report to your campus newspaper on a visit to a local farm orga nized by your Student Union. You should write at least 120 words b ut no more than 180 words.______________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________________Part III Reading prehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You a re required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices g iven in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage throug h carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is i dentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answ er Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use a ny of the words in the bank more than once.The center of American automobile innovation has in the past dec ade moved 2,000 miles away. It has __26__ from Detroit to Silicon Valley, where self-driving vehicles are ing to life.In a __27__ to take production back to Detroit, Michigan lawmakers have introduced __28__ that could make their state the best place in the country, if not the world, to develop self-driving vehicles and put them on the road."Michigan's __29__ in auto research and development is under atta ck from several states and countries which desire to __30__ our lea dership in transportation. We can't let that happen," says Senator Mike Kowall, the lead __31__ of four bills recently introduced.If all four bills pass as written, they would __32__ a substantial u pdate of Michigan's 2013 law that allowed the testing of self-driving vehicles in limited conditions. Manufacturers would have nearly tot al freedom to test their self-driving technology on public roads. The y would be allowed to send groups of self- driving cars on cross-stat e road trips, and even set up on-demand __33__ of self-driving cars , like the one General Motors and Lyft are building.Lawmakers in Michigan clearly want to make the state ready for the mercial application of self-driving technology. In __34__ , Califor nia, home of Silicon Valley, recently proposed far more __35__ rule s that would require human drivers be ready to take the wheel, an d ban mercial use of self-driving technology.A) bidB) contrastC) deputyD) dominanceE) fleetsF) knotsG) legislationH) migratedI) replaceJ) representK) restrictiveL) rewardM) significantN) sponsorO) transmittedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information gi ven in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than onc e. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Work Will Change When Most of Us Live to 100A) Today in the United States there are 72,000 centenarians (百岁老人). Worldwide, probably 450,000. If current trends continue, then by 2050 there will be more than a million in the US alone. According to the work of Professor James Vaupel and his co-researchers, 50% of babies born in the US in 2007 have a life expectancy of 104 or more. Broadly the same holds for the UK, Germany, France, Italy and Canada, and for Japan 50% of 2007 babies can expect to live t o 107.B) Understandably, there are concerns about what this means for p ublic finances given the associated health and pension challenges. T hese challenges are real, and society urgently needs to address the m. But it is also important to look at the wider picture of what happ ens when so many people live for 100 years. It is a mistake to simpl y equate longevity (长寿) with issues of old age. Longer lives have implications for all of lif e, not just the end of it.C) Our view is that if many people are living for longer, and are heal thier for longer, then this will result in an inevitable redesign of wo rk and life. When people live longer, they are not only older for long er, but also younger for longer. There is some truth in the saying th at “70 is the new 60” or “40 the new 30.” If you age more slowly ov er a longer time period, then you are in some sense younger for lon ger.D) But the changes go further than that. Take, for instance, the age at which people make mitments such as buying a house, getting m arried, having children, or starting a career; These are all fundame ntal mitments that are now occurring later in life. In 1962,50% of Americans were married by age 21. By 2014, that mileston e (里程碑) had shifted to age 29.E) While there are numerous factors behind these shifts, one facto r is surely a growing realization for the young that they are going to live longer. Options are more valuable the longer they can be held . So if you believe you will live longer, then options bee more valua ble, and early mitment bees less attractive. The result is that the mitments that previously characterized the beginning of adulthood are now being delayed, and new patterns of behavior and a new st age of life are emerging for those in their twenties.F) Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only fo r financial reasons. Yes, unless people are prepared to save a lot mo re, our calculations suggest that if you are now in your mid-40s, the n you are likely to work until your early 70s; and if you are in your early 20s, there is a real chance you will need to work until your lat e 70s or possibly even into your 80s. But even if people are able to economically support a retirement at 65, over thirty years of poten tial inactivity is harmful to cognitive (认知地) and emotional vitality. Many people may simply not want to d o it.G) And yet that does not mean that simply extending our careers is appealing. Just lengthening that second stage of full-time work ma y secure the financial assets needed for a 100-year life, but such p ersistent work will inevitably exhaust precious intangible asset s such as productive skills, vitality, happiness, and friendship. H) The same is true for education. It is impossible that a single sh ot of education, administered in childhood and early adulthood, will be able to support a sustained,60-year career. If you factor in the projected rates of technologica l change, either your skills will bee unnecessary, or your industry outdated. That means that everyone will, at some point in their life , have to make a number of major reinvestments in their skills.I) It seems likely, then’ that the traditional three-stage life will ev olve into multiple stages containing two, three, or even more diffe rent careers. Each of these stages could potentially be different. In one the focus could be on building financial success and personal a chievement, in another on creating a better work/life balance, still another on exploring and understanding options more fully, or being an independent producer, yet another on making a social contri bution. These stages will span sectors, take people to different citi es, and provide a foundation for building a wide variety of skills. J) Transitions between stages could be marked with sabbaticals (休假) as people find time to rest and recharge their health, re-invest i n their relationships, or improve their skills. At times, these breaks and transitions will be self-determined, at others they will be force d as existing roles, firms, or industries cease to exist.K) A multi-stage life will have profound changes not just in how yo u manage your career, but also in your approach to life. An increas ingly important skill will be your ability to deal with change and eve n wele it. A three-stage life has few transitions, while a multi-stage l ife has many. That is why being self-aware, investing in broader wo rks of friends, and being open to new ideas will bee even more cruc ial skills.L) These multi-stage lives will create extraordinary variety across groups of people simply because there are so many ways of sequen cing the stages. More stages mean more possible sequences.M) With this variety will e the end of the close association of age and stage. In a three-stage life, people leave university at the same time and the same age, they tend to start their careers and family at the same age, they proceed through middle management all rou ghly the same time, and then move into retirement within a few yea rs of each other. In a multi-stage life, you could be an undergraduat e at 20, 40, or 60; a manager at 30,50, or 70; and bee an independent producer at any age.N) Current life structures, career paths, educational choices, and so cial norms are out of tune with the emerging reality of longer lifes pans. The three-stage life of full-time education, followed by contin uous work, and then plete retirement may have worked for our par ents or even grandparents, but it is not relevant today. We believethat to focus on longevity as primarily an issue of aging is to miss its full implications. Longevity is not necessarily about being older fo r longer. It is about living longer, being older later, and being young er longer.36. An extended lifespan in the future will allow people to have mo re careers than now.37. Just extending one's career may have both positive and negati ve effects.38. Nowadays, many Americans have on average delayed their mar riage by some eight years.39. Because of their longer lifespan» young people today no longer f ollow the pattern of life of their parents or grandparents.40. Many more people will be expected to live over 100 by the mid-21st century.41. A longer life will cause radical changes in people's approach to life.42. Fast technological change makes it necessary for one to consta ntly upgrade their skills.43. Many people may not want to retire early because it would do h arm to their mental and emotional well-being.44. The close link between age and stage may cease to exist in a m ulti-stage life.45. People living a longer and healthier life will have to rearrange t heir work and life.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. Whe n the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully fo r its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you shoul d check what you have written.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.In the classic marriage vow (誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife—not the husband— bees seriously ill."Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also ex periencing the stress of divorce," said researcher Amelia Karraker.Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University sinc e 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partn ers was over the age of 50.The researchers examined how the onset (发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They foun d that, overall,31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The inc idence of new chronic (慢性地) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands t han wives developing serious health problems."We found that women are doubly vulnerable to marital break-up i n the face of illness," Karraker said."They're more likely to be widowed, and if they're the ones who bee ill, they're more likely to get divorced."While the study didn't assess why divorce is more likely when wive s but not husbands bee seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible r easons."Gender norms and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses," Karraker said."And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in o lder ages, divorced men have more choices among prospective part ners than divorced women."Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging p opulation, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the r elationship between disease and risk of divorce."Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves m ay reduce marital stress and prevent divorce at older ages," she s aid."But it's also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs."46. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?A) They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.B) They are as binding as they used to be.C) They are not taken seriously any more.D) They may help couples tide over hard times.47. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elde rly husbands?A) They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.B) They can bee increasingly vulnerable to serious illnesses.C) They can develop different kinds of illnesses just like their wives.D) They are more likely to contract serious illnesses than their wiv es.48. What does Karraker say about women who fall ill?A) They are more likely to be widowed.B) They are more likely to get divorced.C) They are less likely to receive good care.D) They are less likely to bother their spouses.49. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouse s according to Karraker?A) They are more accustomed to receiving care.B) They find it more important to make money for the family.C) They think it more urgent to fulfill their social obligations.D) They expect society to do more of the job.50. What does Karraker think is also important?A) Reducing marital stress on wives.C) Providing extra care for divorced women.B) Stabilizing old couples' relations.D) Making men pay for their wives, health costs.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.If you were like most children, you probably got upset when your mother called you by a sibling's (兄弟姐妹地) name. How could she not know you? Did it mean she loved you l ess?Probably not. According to the first research to tackle this topic hea d-on, misnaming the most familiar people in our life is a mon cogni tive (认知地) error that has to do with how our memories classify and store f amiliar names.The study, published online in April in the journal Memory and Cogn ition, found that the "wrong" name is not random but is invariably fished out from the same relationship pond: children, siblings, frie nds. The study did not examine the possibility of deep psychologic al significance to the mistake, says psychologist David Rubin, "but it does tell us who's in and who's out of the group."The study also found that within that group, misnamings occurred w here the names shared initial or internal sounds, like Jimmy and Joanie or John and Bob. Physical resemblance between people was not a factor. Nor was gender.The researchers conducted five separate surveys of more than 1,7 00 people. Some of the surveys included only college students; othe rs were done with a mixed-age population. Some asked subjects a bout incidents where someone close to them—family or friend—had called them by another person's name. The other surveys asked ab out times when subjects had themselves called someone close to th em by the wrong name. All the surveys found that people mixed up names within relationship groups such as grandchildren, friends and siblings but hardly ever crossed these boundaries.In general, the study found that undergraduates were almost as like ly as old people to make this mistake and men as likely as women. Older people and women made the mistake slightly more often, bu t that may be because grandparents have more grandchildren to mi x up than parents have children. Also, mothers may call on their chil dren more often than fathers, given traditional gender norms. The re was no evidence that errors occurred more when the misnamer was frustrated, tired or angry.51. How might people often feel when they were misnamed?A) Unwanted.B) Unhappy.C) Confused.D) Indifferent.52. What did David Rubin's research find about misnaming?A) It is related to the way our memories work.B) It is a possible indicator of a faulty memory.C) It occurs mostly between kids and their friends.D) It often causes misunderstandings among people.53. What is most likely the cause of misnaming?A) Similar personality traits.B) Similar spellings of names.C) Similar physical appearance.D) Similar pronunciation of names.54. What did the surveys of more than 1,700 subjects find about mi snaming?A) It more often than not hurts relationships.B) It hardly occurs across gender boundaries.C) It is most frequently found in extended families.D) It most often occurs within a relationship group.55. Why do mothers misname their children more often than fathers?A) They suffer more frustrations.B) They bee worn out more often.C) They municate more with their children.D) They generally take on more work at home.PartⅣTranslation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.舞狮作为中国传统民间表演已有2000多年历史。

2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2021年12月全国大学英语四级真题及答案（一）一、听力部分：News Report One(1)A 22-year-old Chinese woman who suffered from a persistent cough was shocked to learn that she had a piece of chicken bone lodged in her lung.The unnamed woman from the province of Shandong started have coughing problems when she was 7 or 8 years old.For 14 years,she made numerous hospital visits.However,no doctor could identify any problem.Her uncontrollable coughing was a mystery.Finally,the woman got a full body scan at a hospital in the city of Qingdao.This special medical procedure revealed she had a chicken bone stuck in herlung.(2)Doctors performed surgery and removed the bone.The simple procedure went smoothly and the woman has recovered fully with the bone finally removed from her lung,the woman is very happy that she no longer suffers from that annoying cough.1.What was the woman’s problem?2.How was the woman’s problem eventually solved?News Report Two(3)A white shape named Prickles that ran away from an Australian farm during the 2013 bush fires recently returned home.According to farmer Alice Gray,Prickles was only a lamb when she ran away.The bush fires that hit the area back then destroyed a large part of her family’s massive property.They thought Prickles had died in the fire.But instead,the young sheep escaped into a 200-acre forest near the farm.(4)Once the fires were over,the family had to fix the damage done to the farm as it was such a large property,which included rebuilding about 40 kilometers of fencing.It was this huge fencing that prevented Pickles from finding her way back.Over the years,the family spotted her a few times.They even recorded her with cameras installed to monitor the activity.But when they knew Pringles was alive,they couldn’t find her and never expected her to return by herself.Seven years later,they were proven wrong.3.What does the news say about the white sheep Prickles?4.What the family do of the bush fires?News Report Three(5)Tons of gold have fallen out of the sky in Russia after a cargo plane malfunctioned in midair this morning.The aircraft was carrying 265 million pounds worth of gold and diamonds,when the door flew open,sending the precious metal back to earth.According to the official news agency,Russian authorities have recovered more than 170 gold bars weighing 20 kilograms each.The plane was traveling from Yakutsk airport in a major diamond producing region to the city Krasnoyarsk in Siberia.(6)However,the aircraft made an emergency landing in Magan after began losing some of its valuable cargo.Reports suggest some bars of gold were scattered up to fifteen miles away from the airport.Nine tons of gold on plane AN12 belonged to a gold mine company.Police have sealed off the runway and say it is unclear if it was an accident or an attempted robbery.(7)Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.5.What is the news report mainly about?6.What did the aircraft do when the incident happened?7.What does the news report say about the technical engineers who worked on the plane before takeoff?Conversation One8.Why does the man have this conversation with the man recorded?His job is related to the customer service.9.What is the woman’s purpose of calling to the furniture company?She wants to know when she can get her money back.10.What does the woman say about her bank card?The new bank card will be sent to her on Tuesday,and the bank may has canceled the old one before the man made the payment.11.What does the man advise the woman to do?She needs to update the card details directly on the website.Conversation Two12.Why isn’t the man going to cook?He’s worn out.13.What does the man say he’ll do on his phone?He’ll use the food delivery app on his phone.14.What does the woman think of the Indian food?That’s not the kind of the hot she means.She needs something mild.15.What does the man think of the woman?She’s really difficult to please.Passage One(16)A new study carried out by the university of Lincoln has found a link between the personalities of cat owners and the behavior and wellbeing of their cats.The findings suggest that just as apparent personality can affect the personality of a child,the same is true for a cat and its owner.Owners defined as individuals with high levels of anxiety,fear,anger,depression and loneliness were more likely to have cats with behavioral issues.Such cats display more aggressive and anxious behavioral styles as well as more stress related sickness.They will also more likely to have an ongoing medical condition and be overweight.The research also found that mentallywell-adjusted owners had come from happier and healthier cats.Researchers explained that many owners regard their pets as a family member and form close social bonds with them.(17)The majority of owners want to provide the best care for their pets and is therefore possible that pets could be affected by the way their owners interact with and manage them.The study highlights an important relationship between our personalities and the well-being of our pets.(18)Further research is needed to investigate the cause of nature of this relationship and look at how owners’personalities are directly influencing their pet’s behavior and well-being.It is possible that the well-being of pets is driven by the underlying nature of the owner not simply by their conscious decisions and behaviors.16.What do we learn from the new study by the University of Lincoln?17.What does the passage say most pet owners want to do?18.What does the passage say i t’s still needed to understand the effects of owners’personalities on their pets?Passage Two(19)One 50-minute run can add seven hours to your life.This was a claim made by The Times last week.The claim was based on a new review of studies about the effects of running.The review concluded that an average runners live three years longer than non-runners and that running does more to extend life than any other form of exercise.But there’s more to running than its health benefits.(20)Research published in recent years have shown that running changes your brain and mind in some fascinating ways from increasing your brain function to regulating your emotions.However,the precise effects vary according to whether you engage in short fast running or long distance r unning.For example,in one study,researchers compared participants’ability to learn new words after several minutes of intense running,and after 40 minutes of gentle running,participants were able to learn 20 percent faster after the intense running and they showed a superior memory when tested again a week later.In another study,researchers asked volunteers to jog for 30 minutes and then showed them clips from a sad movie.Participants who usually struggled to handle negative emotions were more intensely aff ected by the sad clips just as you’d expect.But crucially,this was less so if they had completed the 30 minutes jog.(21)The researchers said moderate exercise appears to have helped those participants to be less vulnerable to the impact of the sad movie.19.What did the new review of studies claim?20.What is one effect that running has on people according to recent research?21.What did another study find about the participant after they had a 30 minutes jog?Passage ThreeWelcome to the tour of the Hill House.This house built in 1904 is one of the most well-known works of Charles Hill,the famous architect.It was designed and built for local entrepreneur and his family.Before starting the tour,let me give you a brief introduction about the design of thisa mazing building.(23)Prior to beginning his design,the architect spends sometime in the client’s old home,observing their life and studying their habits.This meant that he could design the house according to the needs of the family.(24)The client’s main des ire was to have a home with unique design,so the architect was given complete freedom.The building style is radically different from what was the fashion of the period.At the time,most large homes were constructed of timber and brick.This one,however,is made of concrete,a novel construction material in those days.The interior of the house,including the fittings and furniture,was also designed by the sameperson.Most of the furniture you will see is original and in good condition.However,(25)both pieces in t he children’s bedrooms are copies built to the designs of the architect.Fortunately,all the blueprints for both the building and its contents have been preserved,so we’ve been able to replace badly damaged furniture.Let’s begin our tour,starting from the r ooms.22.What do we learn about the speaker?He is the guide of the tour.23.What dis the architect do before beginning his design?24.What did the architect’s client mainly want?25.What do we learn about the pieces of furniture in the children’s bedrooms?1.D)He did an unusual good deed2.C)Give some money to the waiter3.A)Whether or not to move to the state's mainland4.B)It costs too much money5.A)To investigate whether people are grateful for help6.C)They held doors open for people at various places7.B)Most people express gratitude for help8.C)To enquire about solar panel installation9.D)He has a large family.10.B)The cost of a solar panel installation11.D)About five years12.A)At a travel agency13.D)She wanted to spend more time her family.14 D)Two weeks.15.A)Choosing some activities herself16.D)Pay a green tax upon arrival17.A)It has not been doing a good job in recycling.18.B)To ban single-use plastic bags and straws on Bali land.19.D)Its population is now showing signs of increase20.C)Commercial hunting21.D)To seek breeding grounds22.C)They consume less milk these days23.A)It is not as healthy as once thought24.C)They lack the necessary proteins to digest it25.B)It provides some necessary nutrients二、选词填空部分：When my son completes a task,I can't hlep but praise him.26.B.constant27.G.negative28.K.repeatedly29.L.rewarded30.C disappointing31.H.outcome32.1.pattern33.D.distinguish34.N.simply35.0.undertaken三、信息匹配部分：The History of the Lunch Box36.[F]City kids,on the other hand,went home for lunch and came back.37.[j]The company sold 600,000 units the first year.38.[〇]The introduction of backpacks changed the lunch box scene a bit^he adds.39.[C]Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes for decades.40.[H]And then everything changed in the year of 1950.41.[L]The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence,that is,to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing.42.[D]Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really.43.[A]It was made of shiny,bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front,and I carried it with me nearly every single day.44.[M]The metal lunch box craze Lasted until the mid-1980s,when plastic took over.45.<I>But these containers were really sting years on end.四、仔细阅读部分：P146 A When they don*t have the chance to do what they want47 D Harmful conduct48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom49 C It may promote creative thinking.50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.P251.B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.52.C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.53.A The government’s advocacy54.C Their capability of improving air quality55.D Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions五、作文部分：WritingDirections：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.范文：Changes in the way of transportationAs the internet is developing so rapidly,the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly.New applications on transportation emerge abundantly,contributing to the fact that people*s lifestyle has been changed as well.The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows.First of all,with the development of technology,the price of transportation is much cheaper than before.Moreover,compared with traditional ways of buying tickets,transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticketoffices.Besides,highspeed railways gradually replace the oldfashioned green trains,which can tremendously improve travelers’comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way. From my perspective,the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects.As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation,I can*t help exclaiming:it is the best of times.六、翻译部分：春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。

2023年6月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析(第一套)

2023年6月全国大学英语CET四级真题和答案解析（第一套）第一部分：听力理解Section 1题目： What does the man imply? 选项： a. He could lend the woman some money. b. The woman should ask her brother for money. c. The woman should lend him some money. d. He could help the woman with her financial problem.解析：通过对对话内容的理解和推断，答案为b. The woman should ask her brother for money.Section 2题目： What does the woman suggest working on? 选项： a. The presentation slides. b. The design concept. c. The marketing strategy. d. The budget plan.解析：通过对对话内容的理解和推断，答案为d. The budget plan.…第二部分：阅读理解Passage 1题目：What is the main purpose of the passage? 选项： a. To encourage people to explore different cultures. b. To inform readers about the benefits of learning a second language. c. To analyze the impact of globalization on language learning. d. To introduce various language learning methods.解析：通过阅读全文内容的理解，答案为b. To inform readers about the benefits of learning a second language.Passage 2题目：What can be inferred about the ongoing research mentioned in the passage? 选项： a. It focuses on finding a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. b. It has not been successful so far.c. It may provide new insights into the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease.d. It mainly involves the use of pharmaceutical drugs.解析：通过阅读全文内容的推断，答案为c. It may provide new insights into the prevention of Alzheimer’s disease.…第三部分：完形填空题目：文章主要描述了什么？选项： a. 作者对人生象征的探讨。

大学英语四级考试题型及参考答案-(第一套)

大学英语四级真题解析及参考答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes towrite a news report to your campus newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to assist elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.【参考范文】:On June 14, Friday, a volunteer activity where many students took an active part in visiting the local Nursing House was organized by the Student Union and it turns out to be a big success.The activity was aimed at encouraging students to visit the elderly at the Nursing House and help elderly people deal with their troubles both physical and psychological. Many students volunteered to participate in this good deed and were engaged in helping the elderly here out by making their meals, washing their clothes and chatting with them. When asked about tho se volunteers’ feelings about such an experience, all of them responded with a smile, saying “what a wonderful practice and I really appreciate this experience, for it makes me learn to care more for others in need.”All in all, the activity turns out to be a success not only for the visited elderly but for those students involved.【参考范文译文】:6月14日，星期五，学生会组织了一个参观当地敬老院的志愿活动，许多学生都积极参与其中，该活动取得了巨大的成功。

2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)

2023年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第一套)题目一阅读下面短文，然后根据短文的内容回答问题。

The Benefits of Outdoor ExerciseOutdoor exercise has gained popularity in recent years due to its many benefits. Studies have shown that exercising outdoors not only improves physical health, but also enhances mental well-being.Firstly, outdoor exercise offers a wider variety of fitness options compared to indoor workouts. People can choose from activities such as running, cycling, hiking, and swimming. These activities offer the opportunity to explore new places and enjoy different landscapes. Outdoor exercises also provide a change of scenery from the usual gym setting, making the workout experience more enjoyable and refreshing.Secondly, exercising outdoors can have a positive impact on mental health. Nature has a calming effect on the mind and can reduce stress and anxiety. Research has shown that spending time in nature can boost mood and improve self-esteem. In addition, exposure to natural sunlight can increase the production of vitamin D in the body, which helps regulate mood and reduce the risk of depression.Furthermore, outdoor exercise encourages social interaction and connection. People who exercise outdoorsoften join group activities or sports leagues, which allows them to meet new people and form friendships. Participating in outdoor workouts also provides an opportunity for families and friends to spend quality time together, strengthening their relationships.In conclusion, outdoor exercise offers numerous benefits for both physical and mental health. From a wider variety of fitness options to improved mood and social interaction, there are many reasons to embrace outdoor workouts. So, next time you have the option, choose to exercise in the great outdoors and reap the rewards.Questions:1.What are the benefits of outdoor exercise?2.How does outdoor exercise affect mental health?3.How can outdoor exercise facilitate socialinteraction?Answers:1.Outdoor exercise offers a wider variety of fitnessoptions, provides a change of scenery, and makes theworkout experience more enjoyable.2.Outdoor exercise has a positive impact on mentalhealth by reducing stress and anxiety, boosting mood, and improving self-esteem.3.Outdoor exercise encourages social interaction byjoining group activities or sports leagues and provides an opportunity for families and friends to spend quality time together.题目二阅读下面短文，然后根据短文的内容回答问题。

2024年6月大学英语四级考试真题和答案(第1套)

2024年06月大学英语四级考试真题和答案（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose your university is seeking students’ opinions on whether university libraries should be open to the public. You are now to write an essay to express your view. You will have 30 minutes for the task. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.PartⅡ Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Due to a fire alarm in their apartments.B) Because of the smoke and heat damage.C) Due to the water used to extinguish the flames.D) Because of the collapse of the three-story building.2. A) Investigating the cause of the incident.B) Helping search for the suspect of the crime.C) Rescuing the businessmen trapped in the building.D) Checking town records for the property developer.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) It plays a less important role in one’s health than nutrient intake.B) It impacts people’s health to a lesser degree than sun exposure.C) It is associated with people’s mental health conditions.D) It is linked with older adults’ symptoms of depression.4. A) It was indefinite.B) It was systematic.C) It was straightforward.D) It was insignificant.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It has helped solve several murder cases.B) It has become a star police dog in Beijing.C) It has surpassed its mother in performance.D) It has done better than naturally born dogs.6. A) To speed up investigation into criminal cases.B) To test the feasibility of cloning technology.C) To cut down training expenses.D) To reduce their training time.7. A) Cloning is too complicated a process.B) The technology is yet to be accepted.C) Cloning is ethically controversial.D) The technology is too expensive.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) He read it somewhere online.B) He heard about it from a coworker.C) He read an article reviewing it.D) He watched a TV series based on it.9. A) His publications.B) His first book.C) His address.D) His name.10. A) Collect a lot more data.B) Relax a bit less often.C) Clarify many new concepts.D) Read more reference books.11. A) Find out the show’s most interesting episodes.B) Watch the series together with the woman.C) Get an e-copy of the book to read.D) Check to see when the show starts.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To check the prices of his farm produce.B) To ask the way to the Newcastle City Hall.C) To inquire about the vegetarian food festival.D) To seek the man’s help with her work on the farm.13. A) Bakers.B) Vendors.C) Vegetarians.D) Organisers.14. A) The issuing of certificates to vendors.B) The completion of the baking task.C) The festival they are organising.D) The deadline for application.15. A) The closing date of submission.B) The website of his company.C) The details of the ceremony.D) The organiser’s address.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Most scenic sites have been closed.B) Access to official campsites is limited.C) Health experts advise going outdoors.D) People have more time during the summer.17. A) It is strongly opposed by nearby residents.B) It leads to much waste of public money.C) It has caused environmental concerns.D) It has created conflicts among campers.18. A) Look for open land in Scotland.B) Leave no trace of their camping.C) Avoid getting close to wilderness.D) Ask for permission from authorities.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) They outcompete mythical creatures.B) They usually mind their own business.C) They truly exist in the Amazon region.D) They resemble alarmingly large snakes.20. A) Scar tissue from dolphins’ fighting.B) Skin infection from water pollution.C) Unhealed wounds from snake bites.D) Swimming along in seasonal floods.21. A) It has been shrinking at an astonishing pace.B) It has been placed under international protection.C) It has been appealing to both freshwater and sea dolphins.D) It has been abandoned as a battleground for male dolphins.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) About 58% of young adults call parental support the new normal.B) Most adult children enjoy increasing sources of financial support.C) A full 70% of the young adults cannot afford to buy a car by themselves.D) Most early adults cannot sustain their lifestyles without parental support.23. A) It renders them dependent.B) It causes them to lose dignity.C) It makes them mentally immature.D) It hinders them from getting ahead.24. A) It challenges one’s willpower.B) It results from education.C) It calls for due assistance.D) It defines adulthood.25. A) Current lifestyles.B) Poor budgeting.C) College loans.D) Emergency expenses.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once．It’s well known that physical exercise is beneficial not just to physical health but also to mental health. Yet whereas most countries have____26____, evidence-backed guidelines on the type and intensity of exercise____27____for various physical health benefits, such guidelines do not yet exist for exercise and mood.This is____28____due to a lack of necessary evidence. However, a new systematic review brings us usefully up-to-date on the current findings in this area.Before____29____into some of the key take-aways, animportant____30____made in the review is between aerobic exercise and anaerobic. The former____31____such things as walking, jogging and cycling and means exercising in such a way that your body is able to use oxygen to burn fat for energy. In contrast, anaerobic exercise—such as lifting heavy weights—is of such____32____intensity that your body does not have time to use oxygen to create energy and so instead it breaks down glucose (葡萄糖) in your blood or muscles.Beginning first with the influence of exercise intensity on the moodbenefits of aerobic exercise, the researchers, led by John Chan at Shenzhen University, found____33____results from 19 relevant studies. Some favoured higher intensity, others low, while seven studies found that intensity made no____34____to mood benefits.In relation to the intensity of anaerobic exercise, however, the results were far clearer—the optimum (最佳选择) for improving moodis____35____intensity, perhaps because low intensity is too dull while high intensity is too unpleasant.A) constitutesB) contradictoryC) decisionD) detailedE) differenceF) dippingG) distinctionH) fallingI) involvesJ) moderateK) notifiedL) partlyM) requiredN) traditionallyO) vigorousSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Why Do Americans Work So Much?A) How will we all keep busy when we only have to work 15 hours a week? That was the question that worried the British economist John Maynard Keynes when he wrote his short essay “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren” in 1930. Over the next century, he predicted, the economy would become so productive that people would barely need to work at all. For a while, it looked like Keynes was right. In 1930 the average working week was 47 hours in the United States. But by 1970, the number of hours Americans worked on average had fallen to slightly less than 39.B) But then something changed. Instead of continuing to decline, the duration of the working week remained stable. It has stayed at just below 40 hours for nearly five decades. So what happened? Why are people working just as much today as in 1970?C) There would be no mystery in this if Keynes had been wrong about the power of technology to increase the economy’s productivity, which he thought would lead to a standard of living “between four and eight times as high as it is today.” But Keynes got that right: Technology has made the economy massively more productive. According to Benjamin M. Friedman, an economist at Harvard, the U.S. economy is right on track to reach Keynes’s eight-fold (八倍) multiple by 2029. That is a century after the last data Keynes would have had access to.D) In a new paper, Friedman tries to figure out why that increased productivity has not translated into increased leisure time. Perhaps people just never feel materially satisfied, always wanting more money to buy the next new thing. This is a theory that appeals to many economists. “This argument is, at best, far from sufficient,” he writes. If that were the case, why did the duration of the working week decline in the first place?E) Another theory Friedman considers is that, in an era of ever fewer settings that provide effective opportunities for personal connections and relationships, people may place more value on the socializing that happens at work. There is support for this theory. Many people today consider colleagues as friends. But Friedman argues that the evidence for this theory is far from conclusive. Many workers report that they would like to spend more time with family, rather than at work. Furthermore, this theory cannot explain the change in trend in the U.S. working week in the 1970s.F) A third possibility proves more convincing for Friedman. That is: American inequality means that the gains of increasing productivity are not widely shared by everyone. In other words, most Americans are too poor to work less. Unlike the other two explanations Friedman considers, this one fits chronologically (按年代). Inequality declined in America during the period following World War II, along with the duration of the working week. But since the early 1970s it has risen dramatically.G) Keynes’s prediction of a shorter working week rests on the idea that the standard of living would continue rising for everyone. But Friedman says that this is not what has happened. Although Keynes’s eight-fold figure holds up for the economy as a whole, it is not at all the case for the median (中位数的) American worker. For them, output by 2029 is likely to be around 3.5 times what it was when Keynes was writing. This is a bit below his fourto eight-fold predicted range.H) This can be seen in the median worker’s income over this time period, complete with a shift in 1973 that fits in precisely with when the working week stopped shrinking. According to Friedman, between 1947 and 1973 the average hourly wage for normal workers (those who were not in management roles) in private industries other than agriculture nearly doubled in terms of what their money could buy. But by 2013 the average hourly wagefor ordinary workers had fallen 5 percent from the 1973 level in terms of actual purchasing power. Thus, though American incomes may have gone up since 1973, the amount that American workers can actually buy with their money has gone down. For most Americans, then, the magic of increasing productivity stopped working around 1973. Thus, they had to keep working just as much in order to maintain their standard of living.I) What Keynes predicted was a very optimistic version of what economists call technological unemployment. This is the idea that less labor will be necessary because machines can do so much. In Keynes’s vision, the resulting unemployment would be distributed more or less evenly across society in the form of increased leisure. But Friedman says that, for Americans, reality is much darker. Americans now have a labor market in which millions of people—those with fewer skills and less education —are seeking whatever poorly paid work they can get. This is confirmed by a recent poll that found that, for half of hourly workers, their top concern is not that they work too much but that they work too little. This is most likely not because they like their jobs so much. Rather, we can assume it is because they need the money.J) This explanation leaves an important question. If the very rich—the workers who have reaped above-average gains from the increased productivity since Keynes’s time—can afford to work less, why do they continue to work so much? (Indeed, research has shown that the highest earners in America tend to work the most.) Friedman believes that for many top earners, work is a labor of love. They are doing work they care about and are interested in, and doing more of it is not necessarily a burden. For them, it may even be a pleasure. These top earners derive meaning from their jobs and work is an important part of how they think of themselves. And, of course, they are compensated for it at a level that makes it worth their while.K) Friedman concludes that the prosperity (繁荣) Keynes predicted is here. After all, the economy as a whole has grown even more brilliantly than he expected. But for most Americans, that prosperity is nowhere to be seen. And, as a result, neither are those shorter working weeks.36. Some people view socializing at the workplace as a chance to develop personal relationships.37. As ordinary American workers’ average hourly pay had decreased despite increasing productivity, they had to work just as many hours as before to keep their living standards.38. American workers’ average weekly working time has not changed for nearly half a century.39. Friedman believes inequality in the U.S. largely explains why increasing productivity has not resulted in reduced working hours. 40. Many economists assume people’s thirst for material things has prevented them from enjoying more leisure time.41. An economist’s prediction about a shorter average working week seemed to be correct for a time in the 20th century.42. In the U.S. labor market, the primary concern of people with less schooling and fewer skills is to secure any employment even if it is low-paid.43. Keynes was right in predicting that technology would make the economy much more productive.44. Many of the highest earners have a keen interest in and love for what they are doing.45. According to Keynes, there would be a shorter working week with everyone’s standard of living continuing to rise.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Lao Zi once said, “Care about what other people think and you will always be their prisoner.”People-pleasing, or seeking self-worth through others’ approval, is unproductive and an exhausting way to go through life. Why do we allow what others think of us to have so much power over how we feel about ourselves? If it’s true that you can’t please all people all of the time, wouldn’t it make sense to stop trying?Unfortunately, sense often isn’t driving our behavior. For social beings who desire love and belonging, wanting to be liked, and caring about the effect we have on others, is healthy and allows us to make connections. However, where we get into trouble is when our self-worth is dependent upon whether we win someone’s approval or not.This need to be liked can be traced back to when we were children and were completely dependent on others to take care of us: Small children are not just learning how to walk and communicate, they are also trying to learn how the world works. We learn about who we are and what is expected of us based on interactions with others, so, to a four-year-old, if Mommy or Daddy doesn’t like him or her, there is the danger that they will abandon them. We need to understand that when we desperately want someone to approve of us, it’s being driven by that little kid part of us that is still terrified of abandonment.As you become more capable of providing yourself with the approval you seek, your need for external validation will start to vanish, leaving youstronger, more confident, and yes, happier in your life. Imagine how much time we lose each moment we restrain our authenticselves in an effort to be liked.If we base our worth on the opinions of others, we cheat ourselves of the power to shape our experiences and embrace life not only for others but also for ourselves, because ultimately, there is no difference. So embrace the cliché(老话) and love yourself as it’s highly doubtfulthat you’ll regret it.46. What can we conclude from Lao Zi’s quotation?A) We should see through other people’s attempt to make a prisoner of us.B) We can never really please other people even if we try as hard as we can.C) We can never be truly free if taking to heart others’ opinion of us.D) We should care about other people’s view as much as they care about our own.47. What will happen if we base our self-worth on other people’s approval?A) Our desire to be loved will be fulfilled.B) Our life will be unfruitful and exhausting.C) Our identity as social beings will be affected.D) Our sense of self will be sharpened and enhanced.48. What may account for our need to be liked or approved of?A) Our desperate longing for interactions with others.B) Our understanding of the workings of the world.C) Our knowledge about the pain of abandonment.D) Our early childhood fear of being deserted.49. What can we do when we become better able to provide ourselves with the desiredapproval?A) Enjoy a happier life.B) Exercise self-restraint.C) Receive more external validation.D) Strengthen our power of imagination.50. What does the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A) Embrace life for ourselves and for others.B) Base our worth on others’ opinions.C) See our experiences as assets.D) Love ourselves as we are.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Some people have said aging is more a slide into forgetfulness than a journey towards wisdom. However, a growing body of research suggeststhat late-in-life learning is possible. In reality, education does an aging brain good.Throughout life, people’s brains constantly renovate themselves. In the late 1960s, British brain scientist Geoffrey Raisman spied growth in damaged brain regions of rats through an electron microscope; their brains were forging new connections. This meant brains may change every time a person learns something new.Of course, that doesn’t mean the brain isn’t affected by the effects of time. Just as height usually declines over the years, so does brain volume: Humans lose about 4 percent every decade starting in their 40s. But that reduction doesn’t necessarily make people think slower; as long as we are alive and functioning, we can alter our brains with new information and experiences.In fact, scientists now suspect accumulating novel experiences, facts, and skills can keep people’s minds more flexible. New pathways can strengthen our ever-changing mental structure, even as the brain shrinks.Conventional fixes like word puzzles and brain-training apps can contribute to mental durability. Even something as simple as taking a different route to the grocery store or going somewhere new on vacation can keep the brain healthy.A desire for new life challenges can further boost brainpower. Research about aging adults who take on new enterprises shows improved function and memory as well as a reduced risk of mental disease. Openness —a characteristic defined by curiosity and a desire for knowledge—may also help folks pass brain tests. Some folks are born with thistake-in-theworld attitude, but those who aren’t as genetically gifted aren’t necessarily out of luck. While genes can encourage an interest in doing new things, a 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging found completing reasoning tasks like puzzles and number games can enhance that desire for novel experiences, which can, in turn, refresh the brain. That’s why brain scientist Richard Kennedy says “It’s not that old dogs can’t learn new tricks. It’s that maybe old dogs don’t realize why they should. ”51. What do some people think of aging adults?A) Their wisdom grows as time goes by.B) Their memory gradually deteriorates.C) They can benefit from late-in-life learning.D) They are likely to have mental health issues.52. What can we conclude from Geoffrey Raisman’s finding?A) Brain damage seriously hinders one’s learning.B) Brain power weakens slower than we imagine.C) Brains can refresh and improve with learning.D) Brains forge connections under new conditions.53. What is one thing that helps maintain the health of our brain even as it shrinks?A) Doing daily routines by conventional means.B) Avoiding worrying about our mental durability.C) Imitating old dogs’ way of learning new tricks.D) Approaching everyday tasks in novel ways.54. What does the author say can contribute to the improvement of brain function?A) Being curious and desiring knowledge.B) Being eager to pass brain tests at an old age.C) Rising to life’s challenges and avoiding risks.D) Boosting immunity to serious mental diseases.55. What is the finding of the 2012 study in the journal Psychology and Aging?A) Wishing to solve puzzles enhances one’s reasoning power.B) Playing number games unexpectedly stimulates one’s memory.C) Desiring new experiences can help to renovate the brain.D) Learning new tricks should not be confined to old dogs only.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chineseinto English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.四合院（siheyuan）是中国一种传统的住宅建筑，其特点是房屋建造在一个院子的四周，将院子合围在中间。

2020年6月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)

2020年6月英语四级真题及答案(第一套)Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China.Please recommend a city to him.You should write at least120words but no more than180words.Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three news reports.At the end of each news report,you will hear two or three questions.Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions1and2are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A)Watch the weather forecast.C)Avoid travel on Wednesday.B)Evacuate the area with the orange alert.D)Prepare enough food and drink.2.A)Pay more attention to the roads.C)Bring more mobile phones.B)Stay at a safer place.D)Take a train home.Questions3and4are based on the news report you have just heard.3.A)There is only one ecosystem in Europe.B)Romania’s wetlands thrive again.C)The wildlife in Romania isn’t well protected.D)There are200species of birds in Romania’s wetlands.4.A)Block the waterways.C)Use monitoring equipment.B)Restore the fishing ban.D)Prohibit fishing in the next10years.Questions5to7are based on the news report you have just heard.5.A)He had a car accident.B)He attended his graduation ceremony.C)He had a heart attack.D)He gave a performance in the auditorium.6.A)What happened to him.C)When the graduation ceremony was.B)What date it was.D)Where he was.7.A)He was really touched by his classmates.B)He didn’t know what happened at all.C)He couldn’t remember what to say.D)His parents wore caps and gowns.Section BDirections:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions8to11are based on the conversation you have just heard.8.A)Her children’s disruption.C)A sense of isolation.B)Quiet atmosphere.D)Longer working hours.9.A)It doesn’t offer coffee.C)It doesn’t have free Wi-Fi.B)It’s too quiet.D)It lacks the materials he needs.10.A)The sense of being out in the world.C)The coffee table.B)The coffee it provides.D)The comfortable working condition.11.A)People don’t order anything.B)People bring their laptops and paperwork.C)People occupy valuable table space in quiet times.D)People of two occupy a table for six.Questions12to15are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)She is not satisfied with the salary.B)She is not capable of the job.C)She often works overtime.D)She’s received a job offer from another company.13.A)They may be considered as less royal.B)They won’t get the promotion opportunities.D)They will be given hiring priority.14.A)She might have to do extra work every day.B)She might not get a pay rise.C)She might not get enough vacation.D)She might not gain more experience.15.A)Experience.B)Confidence.C)Fortune.D)Opportunity.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear three passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions16to18are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)It’s a horrible feeling.C)It’s boring and dangerous.B)It can be a blessing.D)It’s the most comfortable state.17.A)To be active.C)To travel abroad.B)To meet up with your friends.D)To seek advice from others.18.A)It provides a chance for people to think deeply.B)It makes us treasure the time.C)It enables one to identify true friends.D)It helps us take care of problems more efficiently.Questions19to21are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)He is a harsh person.C)He is very demanding in his work.B)He is mean to others.D)He usually works very late.20.A)He moved out and divorced.B)He was plagued by drugs and gang violence.C)He lived there for20years.D)His parents would move into his new house.21.A)He was only responsible for unloading food.B)He had to sign his name on every label.C)It was a hard and tedious job.D)He was required to work at Friday night.Questions22to25are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)By recording the time people spend on TV.B)By tracking people’s living habits.C)By using memory and fluency tests.D)By scanning people’s brains.23.A)Watching television for hours.C)Reading books and magazines.B)Playing video games.D)Surfing the Internet.24.A)Television viewing may be a potential factor for Alzheimer’s disease.B)Alzheimer’s patients tend to watch television more than3hours a day.C)Some research has confirmed the link between them.D)Television watching is beneficial to Alzheimer’s patients.25.A)Watch television no more than3hours each day.B)Balance television viewing with other contrasting activities.C)Watch some educational TV programs.D)Take more physical exercise.Part III Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions26to35are based on the following passage.“Science and everyday life cannot and should not be separated.”Those were the words uttered by pioneering British scientist Rosalind Franklin,who firmly believed that the pursuit of science should be___26___to all.As a woman working in the first half of the20th century,Franklin’s contributions to some of the greatest scientific discoveries of our time including the structure of DNA were sadly___27___in her lifetime.More than60years after Franklin’s death,we are___28___living in a different world,where women play an important part in every echelon(阶层)of our society—not least in science,innovation,higher education and universities are world leaders when it comes to advancing and___29___gender equality.In the past decade,we have seen a___30___increase in England in the number of women accepted on to full-time undergraduate degrees in science,technology,engineering and maths(Stem subjects).And in the last academic year,women___31___for more than half of all Stem postgraduates at UK universities.Data shows us the___32___to success gets harder for women to climb the further up they go.Although women make up the majority of undergraduates in our universities,just under half of academic staff are female. At___33___levels,only a quarter of professors are women,and black women make up less than2%of all female academic staff.There are also stark differences in pay across grades.The gender pay gap based on median salaries across the sector in2016-2017was13.7%,___34___there is still some way to go to ensure women are rising through the ranks to higher grade positions and being paid___35___.A)accessible I)nominationB)accounted J)overlookedC)adaptation K)promotingD)appropriately L)seniorE)considerable M)submissionF)effective N)suggestingG)ladder O)thankfullyH)misreadSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2.How to Eat WellA)Why do so many Americans eat tons of processed food,the stuff that is correctly called junk(垃圾)and should really carry warning labels?B)It’s not because fresh ingredients are hard to come by.Supermarkets offer more variety than ever,and there are over four times as many farmers markets in the US as there were20years ago.Nor is it for lack of available information.There are plenty of recipes(食谱),how-to videos and cooking classes available to anyone who has a computer,smartphone or television.If anything,the information is overwhelming.C)And yet we aren’t cooking.If you eat three meals a day and behave like most Americans,you probably get at least a third of your daily calories(卡路里)outside the home.Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food once a week, and we get almost25%of our daily calories from snacks.So we’re eating out or taking in,and we don’t sit down—or we do,but we hurry.D)Shouldn’t preparing—and consuming—food be a source of comfort,pride,health,well-being,relaxation, sociability?Something that connects us to other humans?Why would we want to outsource（外包）this basic task, especially when outsourcing it is so harmful?E)When I talk about cooking,I’m not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects.I’m talking about simple,easy,everyday meals.My mission is to encourage green hands and those lacking time or memory to feed themselves.That means we need modest,realistic expectations,and we need to teach people to cook food that’s good enough to share with family and friends.F)Perhaps a return to real cooking needn’t be far off.A recent Harris poll revealed that79%of Americans say they enjoy cooking and30%“love it”;14%admit to not enjoying kitchen work and just7%won’t go near the stove at all.But this doesn’t necessarily translate to real cooking,and the result of this survey shouldn’t surprise anyone:52%of those65or older cook at home five or more times per week;only a third of young people do.G)Back in the1950s most of us grew up in households where Mom cooked virtually every night.The intention to put a home-cooked meal on the table was pretty much universal.Most people couldn’t afford to do otherwise.H)Although frozen dinners were invented in the’40s,their popularity didn’t boom until televisions became popular a decade or so later.Since then,packaged,pre-prepared meals have been what’s for dinner.The microwave and fast-food chains were the biggest catalysts（催化剂）,but the big food companies—which want to sell anything except the raw ingredients that go into cooking—made the home cook an endangered species.I)Still,I find it strange that only a third of young people report preparing meals at home regularly.Isn’t this the same crowd that rails against processed junk and champions craft cooking?And isn’t this the generation who say they’re concerned about their health and the well-being of the planet?If these are truly the values of many young people,then their behavior doesn’t match their beliefs.J)There have been half-hearted but well-publicized efforts by some companies to reduce calories in their processed foods,but the Standard American Diet is still the polar opposite of the healthy,mostly plant-based diet that just about every expert says we should be eating.Considering that the government’s standards are not nearly ambitious enough,the picture is clear:by not cooking at home,we’re not eating the right things,and the consequences are hard to overstate.K)To help quantify(量化)the costs of a poor diet,I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a most famous food,the burger（汉堡包）.I concluded that the profit from burgers is more than offset by the damage they cause in health problems and environmental harm.L)Cooking real food is the best defense—not to mention that any meal you’re likely to eat at home contains about200fewer calories than one you would eat in a restaurant.M)To those Americans for whom money is a concern,my advice is simple:Buy what you can afford,and cook it yourself.The common prescription is to primarily shop the grocery store,since that’s where fresh produce,meat and seafood,and dairy are.And to save money and still eat well you don’t need local,organic ingredients;all you need is real food.I’m not saying local food isn’t better;it is.But there is plenty of decent food in the grocery stores.N)The other sections you should get to know are the frozen foods and the canned goods.Frozen produce is still produce;canned tomatoes are still tomatoes.Just make sure you’re getting real food without tons of added salt or sugar.Ask yourself,would Grandma consider this food?Does it look like something might occur in nature?It’s pretty much common sense:you want to buy food,not unidentifiable foodlike objects.O)You don’t have to hit the grocery store daily,nor do you need an abundance of skill.Since fewer than half of Americans say they cook at an intermediate level and only20%describe their cooking skills as advanced the crisis is one of confidence.And the only remedy for that is practice.There’s nothing mysterious about cooking the evening meal.You just have to do a little thinking ahead and redefine what qualifies as dinner.Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you do it more:every time you cook,you advance your level of skills.Someday you won’t even need recipes.My advice is that you not pay attention to the number of steps and ingredients,because they can be deceiving.P)Time,I realize,is the biggest obstacle to cooking for most people.You must adjust your priorities to find time to cook.For instance,you can move a TV to the kitchen and watch your favorite shows while you’re standing at the sink.No one is asking you to give up activities you like,but if you’re watching food shows on TV,try cooking instead.36.Cooking benefits people in many ways and enables them to connect with one another.37.Abundant information about cooking is available either online or on TV.38.Young people do less cooking at home than the elderly these days.39.Cooking skills can be improved with practice.40.In the mid-20th century,most families ate dinner at home instead of eating out.41.Even those short of time or money should be encouraged to cook for themselves and their family.42.Eating food not cooked by ourselves can cause serious consequences.43.To eat well and still save money,people should buy fresh food and cook it themselves.44.We get a fairly large portion of calories from fast food and snacks.45.The popularity of TV led to the popularity of frozen food.Section CDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions46to50are based on the following passage.The wallet is heading for extinction.As a day-to-day essential,it will die off with the generation who readprint newspapers.The kind of shopping where you hand over notes and count out change in return now happens only in the most minor of our retail encounters,like buying a bar of chocolate or a pint of milk,from a corner shop.At the shops where you spend any real money,that money is increasingly abstracted.And this is more and more true,the higher up the scale you go.At the most cutting-edge retail stores Victoria Beckham on Dover Street, for instance you don’t go and stand at any kind of cash register,when you decide to pay.The staff are equipped with ipads to take your payment while you relax on a sofa.Which is nothing more or less than excellent service,if you have the money.But across society,the abstraction of the idea of cash makes me uneasy.Maybe I'm just old-fashioned.But earning money isn’t quick or easy for most of us.Isn’t it a bit weird that spending it should happen in half a blink（眨眼）of an eye?Doesn’t a wallet—that time-honoured Friday-night feeling of pleasing,promising fatness—represent something that matters?But I’ll leave the economics to the experts.What bothers me about the death of the wallet is the change it represents in our physical environment.Everything about the look and feel of a wallet—the way the fastenings and materials wear and tear and loosen with age,the plastic and paper and gold and silver,and handwritten phone numbers and printed cinema tickets—is the very opposite of what our world is becoming.The opposite of a wallet is a smartphone or an iPad.The rounded edges,cool glass,smooth and unknowable as a pebble（鹅卵石）.Instead of digging through pieces of paper and peering into corners,we move our fingers left and right.No more counting out coins.Show your wallet,if you still have one.It may not be here much longer.46.What is happening to the wallet?A)It is disappearing.C)It is becoming costly.B)It is being fattened.D)It is changing in style.47.How are business transactions done in big modern stores?A)Individually.C)In the abstract.B)Electronically.D)Via cash register.48.What makes the author feel uncomfortable nowadays?A)Saving money is becoming a thing of the past.B)The pleasing Friday-night feeling is fading.C)Earning money is getting more difficult.D)Spending money is so fast and easy.49.Why does the author choose to write about what’s happening to the wallet?A)It represents a change in the modern world.B)It has something to do with everybody’s life.C)It marks the end of a time-honoured tradition.D)It is the concern of contemporary economists.50.What can we infer from the passage about the author?A)He is resistant to social changes.B)He is against technological progress.C)He feels reluctant to part with the traditional wallet.D)He feels insecure in the ever-changing modern world.Passage TwoQuestions51to55are based on the following passage.It’s late in the evening:time to close the book and turn off the computer.You’re done for the day.What you may not realize,however,is that the learning process actually continues—in your dreams.It might sound like science fiction,but researchers are increasingly focusing on the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the fragmented,often bizarre imaginings they generate at night.Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned is associated with improved performance in that activity(suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular notion that we’re“getting”a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it).What’s more,researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding,organizing and retaining what we learn.While we sleep,research indicates,the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during waking hours,allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural（神经的）virtual reality.A vivid example of such replay can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders.They taught a series of dance moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking,in which the sleeper engages in the kind physicalmovement that does not normally occur during sleep.They then videotaped the subjects as they slept,Lying in bed,eyes closed,one female patient on the tape performs the dance moves she learned earlier.This shows that while our bodies are at rest,our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered,then integrating that data into the vast store of what we already know.In a 2010study,researchers at Harvard Medical School reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze（迷宫）task they had learned showed a10-fold improvement in their ability to find their way through the maze compared with participants who did not dream about the task.Robert Stickgold,one of the Harvard researchers,suggests that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the odds of dreaming about the material.Think about that as your head hits the pillow tonight.51.What is scientists’finding about dreaming?A)It involves disconnected weird images.B)It resembles fragments of science fiction.C)Dreaming about a learned task betters its performance.D)Dreaming about things being learned disturbs one’s sleep.52.What happens when one enters a dream state?A)The body continues to act as if the sleeper were awake.B)The neural activity of the brain will become intensified.C)The brain behaves as if it were playing a virtual reality video game.D)The brain once again experiences the learning activities of the day.53.What does the brain do while we are sleeping?A)It systematizes all the data collected during the day.B)It substitutes old information with new data.C)It processes and absorbs newly acquired data.D)It classified information and places it in different files.54.What does Robert Stickgold suggest about enhancing learning?A)Having a little sleep after studying in the day.B)Staying up late before going to bed.C)Having a dream about anything.D)Thinking about the odds of dreaming about the material.55.What can be inferred about dreaming from the passage?A)We may enhance our learning through dreaming.B)Dreaming improves your language ability.C)All sleepwalkers perform dance moves when they are sleeping.D)Taking a nap after learning can help you find the way through the maze.Part IV Translation(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet2.在中国，火锅已有2，000多年的历史，最早流行于最寒冷的地区，然后在很多地区盛行，出现了具有地方特色的种类。

英语四级考试真题试卷附答案第套

英语四级考试真题试卷附答案第套英语四级考试真题试卷附答案第套一、写作部分写作部分是英语四级考试的第一部分，占总分的15%。

该部分要求考生根据给出的主题和提示，写出一篇不少于200字的短文。

二、听力部分听力部分是英语四级考试的第二部分，占总分的35%。

该部分包括短篇新闻、长对话和听力理解三部分，要求考生根据听到的内容完成相应的题目。

三、阅读部分阅读部分是英语四级考试的第三部分，占总分的35%。

该部分包括词汇理解、长篇阅读和仔细阅读三部分，要求考生根据文章内容完成相应的题目。

四、翻译部分翻译部分是英语四级考试的第四部分，占总分的15%。

该部分要求考生翻译一篇涉及文化、历史、经济等方面的文章。

五、答案及解析1、写作部分答案：主题：互联网对人们生活的影响提示：互联网在信息获取、交流沟通、娱乐生活等方面都给人们带来了便利，但也存在一些负面影响，比如沉迷于网络游戏等。

短文（仅供参考）：The internet has greatly affected people's lives. On the one hand, the internet provides people with easy access to information and allows them to communicate and娱乐生活themselves through social media, online games, and other digital platforms. On the other hand, the excessive use of the internet can lead to problems such as addiction and negative impact on people's social lives and personal relationships.2、听力部分答案：短篇新闻：1-5 ACBAC；长对话：6-10 BACAB；听力理解：11-15 BACAB。

【完整版】2022年12月英语四级真题答案解析(第一套)

【完整版】2022年12月英语四级真题答案解析（第一套）【听力部分】News Report 3A Spanish island called Palmador has been bought by a family from Europe for 18 million euros. (Question 5) Island id often described as heaven on earth by holiday makers. Decades tourist have been flocking to Palmador, which is located off the southeast coast of Spain. (Question 5) They come to enjoy its unspoiled beaches and crystal clear waters. (Question 6) Its natural beauty is protected as it lies inside a natural park.Although Palmador one of the most famous private islands in the world, its seafront is public land and is a favorite destination for famous people. When the island was put up for sale, it was offered to the local government, but proved too expensive for the local authorities. It is unclear whether the new owners have the power to ban tourist from the island, but with their newfound luxury comes the responsibility for its protection and maintenance.The island is less than two miles long and half a mile wide. (Question 5) lt is said to have a remarkable location that few other private islands of this size can match.According to estate agents, Palmador is perfect place to retreat to get away from the city noise and relax in beautiful surroundings with zero stress.(Question 7)Question 5What do we learn from the news report about the Spanish island Palmador?Question 6What do holiday makers come to Palmador to enjoy?Question 7What do estate agents say about Palmador?【选词填空】Parenting brings fathers more joy than it does mothes,according to a new study...26.K)involving27.B)associated28.L)note29.A)additional30.D)cultivate31.E)depressive32.H)however33.G)emotions34.F)directly35.I)implication【仔细阅读部分】46. What does the author say is remarkable about the fish we eat?BA)They reproduce quickly.B)They are mostly farmed.C)They have bocome as important as grain.D) They have a longer history than humars.47. What do we need to do if we keep consuming fish at the current rate?DA)Increasethefishingvolumeconsiderably.B)Developmoreadvancedfishingtechnology.C)Enlargethemarinefishstockseffectively.D)Expand the scale of fish-farming continuously.48.What does the author say about China in terms of aquatic food?CA)It places increasing emphasis on fishing now.B) It boasts of the world's largest fishing stocks,C) It raises more fish than caught from the wild.D) It supplies 60% of the world's fish products49.Why does the author say aquaculture is so important these days?AA) It is a must for feeding the world's fast-growing populationB) It proves a reliable source of protein for humans and animalsC) It is essential to maintaining both mental and physical healthD) It ensures a balanced healthy diet for people the world over,50.What does the author imply by saying aquaculture is no silver bullet?CA)Shrimp-farming is a risky business.B) Fish-farming will not be sustainableC) Fish-farming may cause serious problems too.D) Shrimp-farming can become quite expensive.51. What does the WEP's winning of tlhe Nobel Peace Prize make us realize?DA)More and more people in the world are suffering from starvation.B) All of us can be affected by food instability cne way or another,C) It is hazardous to leeve millions of people poor and vulnerable.D) It is morally wrong to think helping the poor is not our business.52. What do we leam about the WEP's effort to elirrinate hunger?BA)It has ersured a sufficient food supply to millicnsB) It is still far from its goal despite the progress made,C) It has done a good job in combating natural disasters.D) It is preventing starvation occurring on a global scale.53. What will happen when food aid is offered at a price?AA) The rich will become richer and the poor poorer.B)Morepeoplewillbewillbewillingtojoinintheeffort.C)More food will be made available to the needy.D) The relief effort will be rendered less sustainable.54.How can scientists help cope with poverty and hunger?BA)By colaborating closely with world economic institutions.B) By sharing expertise with peers in poverty-stricken nations.C) By setting up more food research programs in develsping countries.D) By building self-respect in people suffering from undernutrition55.What message does the author try toconvey at the end of the passage?CA) Wealthy nations should solve their own food problems first.B) Rich counties should be more generous in providing food aid,C)Poor nations should enhance their own ability to solve their food shortages.D) World economic institutions should play a bigger role in fighting hunger.【翻译部分】立春(Start of Spring)在中国农历中表示春天的开始。

2020年9月英语四级考试真题及参考答案(第一套)

2020年9月英语四级考试真题及参考答案（第一套）作文：Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on online dictionaries.You can start your essay with the sentence"Online dictionaries are becoming increasingly popular."You should write at least120words but no more than180words.答案略【听力参考答案】1.A)Ship traffic in the Atlantic.2.D)They may be affecting the world’s climate.3.C)To call for a permanent security guard.4.A)It had already taken strong action.5.B)The road was blocked6.D)A track hit a barrier and overturned7.B)It was a hard task to removing the spilled substance.8.A)She wanted to save for a new phone.9.D)They are less aware of the value of their money.10.B)More non-essential things.11.C)It may lead to excessive spending.12.C)He had a problem with the furniture delivered.13.B)Describe the furniture he received.14.A)Correct their mistake.15.C)She apologized to the man once more.16.B)Tidying up one’s home.17.A)Things that make one happy.18.C)It received an incredibly large number of donated books.19.A)Give free meals to the homeless.20.D)Follow his example.21.C)Sending him had-made bags.22.A)To solve word search puzzles.23.B)They could no longer concentrate on their task.24.C)A reduction in the amount of sleep.25.C)Realize the disruptive effects of technology【选词填空】26.H integrate27.B coincidence28.A associated29.L recognizable30.I maximizes31.N stressful32.K principal33.J natural34.M simply35.O symbolized【信息匹配】Doctor’s orders:Let children just play36.H段落第一句Another playtime thief37.E段落第一句The trends have been a long time coming.38.L段落第一句Play may not be a hard sell to kids.39.G段落第一句Predictions aren’t the only ones who have noticed.40.D段落第一句“play is not silly behavior,”41.I段落第一句“I respect that parents have busy lives and it’s easy to hand a child a iPhone”42.C段落第一句The advice,issued Monday by the American Academy of Pediatrics43.K段落第一句Yogman also worries about the pressures that squeeze playtime for more affluent kids.44.F段落第一句By200945.B段落第一句“This may seem old-fashioned,but there are skills to be leaned when kids aren’t told what to do”【仔细阅读第1套】Text1：Diets46.D Attempting to meet society’s expectation of appearance47.B They have to do with people’s body weight and shape48.C Whether self-perception of body image impacts one’s workplace success49.B People are not adversely affected in the workplace by false self-perception of body weight50.A Banning discrimination on the bass of employees’body imageText2：Work-life balance51.D The concept of work-life balance contributes little to a fulfilling life52.A It impacts how we think and behave.53.C We do meaningful work the contributions to society54.B It is dynamic...55.D Strive for a more fulfilling life【翻译】茅台(Moutai)是中国最有名的白酒，在新中国成立前夕，被选为国宴用酒。

(完整版)大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及详解)

大学英语四级真题及答案(多套题及翻译）CET4 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.题目一：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your campus, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的校园，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目二：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观你的家乡，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?题目三：Suppose a foreign friend of yours is coming to visit China, what is the most interesting place you would like to take him/her to see and why?假设你的一位外国朋友来参观中国，你最感兴趣的地方想带他/她去看?为什么?Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2023年6月英语四级真题答案及解析第一套

2023年6月英语四级真题答案及解析(第一套)Part I Writing(30 minutes)请于正式开考后半小时内完毕该部分，之后将进行听力考试。

For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in theneighborhood .You should write at least 120 words not more than 180 words.【范文】Young Volunteers Visited a Nursing HomeVolunteers from our university visited a nursing home located in Hangzhou on June 14th, which was highly appraised by the elderly there.Upon the students’ arrival, tears of joy glistened in the seniors’ eyes when the young students presented them with well-prepared gifts. Then, the students talked to them one-on-one with kindness. Both the youth and the aged were willing to share their life stories, immersing in an atmosphere of joy. When it was time for the youngsters to leave, the elderly thanked them over and over again. And the volunteers expressed that they learned a lot and were all stunned by the optimism their elderly friends had for their future.According to Winston Churchill, a British statesman, “we make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” The visit not only enriches the seniors’ daily life, but also provides the youth with an opportunity to learn some important life lessons from the elderly residents.By Aria, school newspaper【点评】写作试题是考察考生综合运用英语语言旳能力，四级写作试题对考生旳规定也越来越高。

大学英语四级考试真题与及答案(3套)

大学英语四级考试真题与及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to besthandle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather.B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother.2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures.B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction.B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles.C) Providing clean energy to five million people.D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel.4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements.B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.C) They are only about half an inch thick.D) They are made from cheap materials.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research.B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species.6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks.B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance.C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.D) To find evidence of the existence of the “lost lions”.7. A) Lions walking. C) Some camping facilities.B) Lions’ tracks. D) Traps set by local hunters.Section BDirections：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Her ‘lucky birthday’. C) Her wedding anniversary.B) A call from her dad. D) A special gift from the man.9. A) Gave her a big model plane. C) Took her on a trip overseas.B) Bought her a good necklace. D) Threw her a surprise party.10. A) The gift her husband has bought.B) The trip her husband has planned.C) What has been troubling her husband.D) What her husband and the man are up to.11. A) He will be glad to be a guide for the couple’s holiday trip.B) He will tell the women the secret if her husband agrees.C) He is eager to learn how the couple’s holiday turns out.D) He wants to find out about the couple’s holiday plan.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.B) They see the importance of making compromises.C) They know when to adopt a tough attitude.D) They take the rival’s attitude into account.13. A) They know how to adapt. C) They know when to make compromises.B) They know when to stop. D) They know how to control their emotion.14. A) They are patient. C) They learn quickly.B) They are good at expression. D) They uphold their principles.15. A) Make clear one's intentions. C) Formulate one's strategy.B) Clarify items of negotiation. D) Get to know the other side.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) When America's earliest space program started.B) When the International Space Station was built.C) How many space shuttle missions there will be.D) How space research benefits people on Earth.17. A) They accurately calculated the speed of the orbiting shuttles.B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space.C) They tried to meet astronauts' specific requirements.D) They tried to make best use of the latest technology.18. A) They are extremely accurate. C) They were first made in space.B) They are expensive to make. D) They were invented in the 1970s.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) It was when her ancestors came to America.B) People had plenty of land to cultivate then.C) It marked the beginning of something new.D) Everything was natural and genuine then.20. A) They believed in working for goals. C) They had all kinds of entertainment.B) They enjoyed living a living a life of ease. D) They were known to be creative.21. A) Chatting with her ancestors. C) Polishing all the silver work.B) Furnishing her country house. D) Doing needlework by the fire.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Use a map to identify your location. C) Sit down and try to calm yourself.B) Call your family or friends for help. D) Try to follow your footprints back.23. A) You may find a way out without your knowing it.B) You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.C) You may get drowned in a sudden flood.D) You may end up entering a wonderland.24. A) Look for food. C) Start a fire.B) Wait patiently. D) Walk uphill.25. A) Inform somebody of your plan. C) Check the local weather.B) Prepare enough food and drink. D) Find a map and a compass.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.A rat or pigeon might not be the obvious choice to tend to someone who is sick, but these creatures have some 26 skills that could help the treatment of human diseases.Pigeons are often seen as dirty birds and an urban 27 , but they are just the latest in a long line of animals that have been found to have abilities to help humans. Despite having a brain no bigger than the 28 ofyour index finger, pigeons have a very impressive 29__ memory. Recently it was shown that they could be trained to be as accurate as humans at detecting breast cancer in images.Rats are often 30 with spreading disease rather than 31 it, but this long-tailed animal is highly 32 . Inside a rat's nose are up to 1,000 different types of olfactory receptors （嗅觉感受器）, whereas humans only have 100 to 200 types. This gives rats the ability to detect __33 smells. As a result, some rats are being put to work to detect TB（肺结核）. When the rats detect the smell, they stop and rub their legs to 34 a sample is infected.Traditionally, a hundred samples would take lab technicians more than two days to 35 , but for a rat it takes less than 20 minutes. This rat detection method doesn't rely on specialist equipment. It is also more accurate — the rats are able to find more TB infections and, therefore, save more lives.A) associated I) slightB) examine J) specifyC) indicate K) superiorD) nuisance L) suspiciousE) peak M) tipF) preventing N) treatedG) prohibiting O) visualH) sensitiveSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Do In-Class Exams Make Students Study Harder?Research suggests they may study more broadly for the unexpected rather than search for answers.[A] I have always been a poor test-taker. So it may seem rather strange that I have returned to college to finish the degree I left undone some four decades ago. I am making my way through Columbia University, surrounded by students who quickly supply the verbal answer while I am still processing the question.[B] Since there is no way for me to avoid exams, I am currently questioning what kind are the most taxing and ultimately beneficial. I have already sweated through numerous in-class midterms and finals, and now I have a professor who issues take-home ones. I was excited when I learned this, figuring I had a full week to do the research, read the texts, and write it all up. In fact, I was still rewriting my midterm the morning it was due. To say I had lost the thread is putting it mildly.[C] As I was suffering through my week of anxiety, overthinking the material and guessing my grasp of it, I did some of my own polling among students and professors. David Eisenbach, who teaches a popular class on U.S. presidents at Columbia, prefers the in-class variety. He believes students ultimately learn more and encourages them to form study groups. “That way they socialize over history outside the class, which wouldn’t happen without the pressure of an in-class exam,” he explained, “Furthermore, in-class exams force students to learn how to perform under pressure, and essential work skill.”[D] He also says there is less chance of cheating with the in-class variety. In 2012, 125 students at Harvard were caught up in a scandalwhen it was discovered they had cheated on a take-home exam for a class entitled “Introduction To Congress.” Some colleges have what they call an “honor code,” though if you are smart enough to get into these schools, you are either smart enough to get around any codes or hopefully, too ethical to consider doing so. As I sat blocked and clueless for two solid days, I momentarily wondered if I couldn’t just call an expert on the subject matter which I was tackling, or someone who took the class previously, to get me going.[E] Following the Harvard scandal, Mary Miller, the former dean of students at Yale, made an impassioned appeal to her school’s professors to refrain from take-hone exams. “Students risk health and well being, as well as performance in other end-of-term work, when faculty offerstake-home exams without clear, time-limited boundaries,” she told me. “Research now shows that regular quizzes, short essays, and other assignments over the course of a term better enhance learning and retention.”[F] Most college professors agree the kind of exam they choose largely depends on the subject. A quantitative-based one, for example, is unlikely to be sent home, where one could ask their older brothers and sisters to help. Vocational-type classes, such as computer science or journalism, on the other hand, are often more research-oriented and lend themselves to take-home testing. Chris Koch, who teaches “History of Broadcast Journalism” at Montgomery Community College in Rockville, Maryland, points out that reporting is about investigation rather than the memorization of minute details. “In my field, it’s not what you know—it’s what you know how to find out,” says Koch. “There is way too much information, and more coming all the time, for anyone toremember. I want my students to search out the answers to questions by using all the resources available to them.[G] Students’ test-form preferences vary, too, often depending on the subject and course difficulty. “I prefer take-home essays because it is then really about the writing, so you have time to edit and do more research,” says Elizabeth Dresser, a junior at Barnard. Then there is the stress factor. Francesca Haass, a senior at Middlebury, says, “I find thein-class ones are more stressful in the short term, but there is immediate relief as you swallow information like mad, and then you get to forget it all. Take-homes require thoughtful engagement which can lead to longer term stress as there is never a moment when the time is up.” Meanwhile, Olivia Rubin, a sophomore at Emory, says she hardly even considerstake-homes true exams. “If you understand the material and have the ability to articulate (说出) your thoughts, they should be a breeze.”[H] How students ultimately handle stress may depend on their personal test-taking abilities. There are people who always wait until the last minute, and make it much harder than it needs to be. And then there those who, not knowing what questions are coming at them, and having no resources to refer to, can freeze. And then there are we rare folks who fit both those descriptions.[I] Yes, my advanced age must factor into the equation (等式), in part because of my inability toaccess the information as quickly. As another returning student at Columbia, Kate Marber, toldme, “We are learning not only all this information, but essentially how to learn again. Ourfellow students have just come out of high school. A lot has changed since we were last inschool.”[J] If nothing else, the situation has given my college son and me something to share, When Iasked his opinion on this matter, he responded, “I like in-class exams because the time isalready reserved, as opposed to using my free time at home to work on a test,” he responded.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two inadvance, and then doing the actual test in class the ticking clock overhead.[K] Better yet, how about what one Hunter College professor reportedly did recently for her finalexam: She encouraged the class not to stress or even study, promising that, “It is going to be apiece of cake.” When the students came in, sharpened pencils in hand, there was not a bluebook in sight. Rather, they saw a large chocolate cake and they each were given a slice.36. Elderly students find it hard to keep up with the rapid changes in education.37. Some believe take-home exams may affect students' performance in other courses.38. Certain professors believe in-class exams are ultimately more helpful to students.39. In-class exams are believed to discourage cheating in exams.40. The author was happy to learn she could do some exams at home.41. Students who put off their work until the last moment often find the exams more difficult thanthey actually are.42. Different students may prefer different types of exams.43. Most professors agree whether to give an in-class or atake-home exam depends on type ofcourse being taught.44. The author dropped out of college some forty years ago.45. Some students think take-home exams will eat up their free time.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night”effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her towonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if theleft hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphinsD) She conducted studies on birds’ and dolphins’ sleeping patterns.48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B) She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.C) She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains.D) She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A) She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B) She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment.C) She exposed her participants to two different stimuli.D) She compared the responses of different participants.50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A) They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others.B) They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat.C) They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D) They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.It’s time to reevaluate how women handle conflict at work. Being overworked or over-committed at home and on the job will not get you where you want to be in life. It will only slow you down and hinder your career goals.Did you know women are more likely than men to feel exhausted? Nearly twice as many women than men ages 18-44 reported feeling “very tired” or “exhausted”, according to a recent study.This may not be surprising given that this is the age range when women have children. It's also the age range when many women are trying to balance careers and home. One reason women may feel exhausted is that they have a hard time saying "no." Women want to be able todo it all volunteer for school parties or cook delicious meals-and so their answer to any request is often “Yes, I can.”Women struggle to say “no” in the workplace for similar reasons, including the desire to be liked by their colleagues. Unfortunately, this inability to say "no" may be hurting women's heath as well as their career.At the workplace, men use conflict as a way to position themselves, while women often avoid conflict or strive to be the peacemaker, because they don't want to be viewed as aggressive or disruptive at work. For example, there’s a problem that needs to be addressed immediately, resulting in a dispute over should be the one to fix it. Men are more likely to face that dispute from the perspective of what benefits them most, whereas women may approach the same dispute from the perspective of what's the easiest and quickest way to resolve the problem-evenif that means doing the boring work themselves.This difference in handling conflict could be the deciding factor on who gets promoted to a leadership position and who does not. Leaders have to be able to delegate and manage resources wisely – including staff expertise. Shouldering more of the workload may not earn you that promotion. Instead, it may highlight your inability to delegate effectively.51. What does the author say is the problem with women?A) They are often unclear about the career goals to reach.B) They are usually more committed at home than on the job.C) They tend to be over-optimistic about how far they could go.D) They tend to push themselves beyond the limits of their ability.52. Why do working women of child-bearing age tend to feel drained of energy?A) They struggle to satisfy the demands of both work and home.B) They are too devoted to work and unable to relax as a result.C) They do their best to cooperate with their workmates.D) They are obliged to take up too many responsibilities.53. What may hinder the future prospects of career women?A) Their unwillingness to say “no”.B) Their desire to be considered powerful.C) An underestimate of their own ability.D) A lack of courage to face challenges.54. Men and woman differ in their approach to resolving workplace conflicts in that______.A) women tend to be easily satisfiedB) men are generally more persuasiveC) men tend to put their personal interests firstD) women are much more ready to compromise55. What is important to a good leader?A) A dominant personality. C) The courage to admit failureB) The ability to delegate. D) A strong sense of responsibility.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。

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英语四级考试真题及答案第套文档编制序号：[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]2016年6月英语四级真题第一套（文字版整理）Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words。

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）Section ADirections： In this section， you will hear three news reports。

At the end of each news report， you will hear two or three questions。

Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）， B），C） and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you havejust heard。

1。

A）The International Labor Organization’s key objective。

B）The basic social protection for the most vulnerable。

C）Rising unemployment worldwide。

D）Global economic recovery。

2。

A）Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs。

B）Few countries know how to address the current economic crisis。

C）Few countries have realized the seriousness of the current crisis。

D）Many countries need support to improve their people’s livelihood。

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you havejust heard。

3。

A）Serve standardized food nationwide。

B）Put calorie information on the menu。

C）Increase protein content in the food。

D）Offer convenient food to customers。

4。

A）They will be fined。

B）They will be closed。

C）They will get a warning。

D）They will lose customers。

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard。

5。

A）Inability to implement their business plans。

B）Inability to keep turning out novel products。

C）Lack of a successful business model of their own。

D）Failure to integrate innovation into their business。

6。

A）It is the secret to business success。

B）It is the creation of something new。

C）It is a magic tool to bring big rewards。

D）It is an essential part of business culture。

7。

A）Its hardworking employees。

B）Its flexible promotion strategy。

C）Its innovation culture。

D）Its willingness to make investments。

Section BDirections： In this section， you will hear two long conversations。

At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions。

Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question。

You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard。

8。

A）He’s got addicted to technology。

B）He is not very good at socializing。

C）He is crazy about text-messaging。

D）He does not talk long on the phone。

9。

A）Talk big。

B）Talk at length。

C）Gossip a lot。

D）Forget herself。

10。

A）He thought it was cool。

B）He needed the practice。

C）He wanted to stay connected with them。

D）He had an urgent message to send。

11。

A）It poses a challenge to seniors。

B）It saves both time and money。

C）It is childish and unprofessional。

D）It is cool and convenient。

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard。

12。

A）He wants to change his job assignment。

B）He is unhappy with his department manager。

C）He thinks he deserves extra pay for overtime。

D）He is often singled out for criticism by his boss。

13。

A）His workload was much too heavy。

B）His immediate boss did not trust him。

C）His colleagues often refused to cooperate。

D）His salary was too low for his responsibility。

14。

A）He never knows how to refuse。

B）He is always ready to help others。

C）His boss has a lot of trust in him。

D）His boss has no sense of fairness。

15。

A）Put all his complaints in writing。

B）Wait and see what happens next。

C）Learn to say no when necessary。

D）Talk to his boss in person first。

Section CDirections： In this section， you will hear three passages。

At the end of each passage， you will hear three or four questions。

Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once。

After you hear a question， you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C）and D）。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre。

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard。

16。

A）The importance of sleep to a healthy life。

B） Reasons for Americans’ decline in sleep。

C）Some tips to improve the quality of sleep。