小学六年级英语毕业复习资料【一般过去时的用法】

一般过去时的用法

一、概念

表示在的过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday，yesterday morning，yesterday afternoon，yesterday evening，the day before yesterday（前天），last night，last week，last month， last year，a moment ago（刚才），just now（刚才）， two days ago，a week ago，in 1990等。

如： I went to bed at eleven last night. 昨晚我11：00睡觉。

四、动词过去式的构成规律

(一)规则动词的过去式

1．一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed；

look→looked play→played start→started

visit→visited

2．以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d；

live→lived use→used

3．以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将 y 改为i ,再加–ed；

study→studied, try→tried fly→flied

4．以重读闭音节（即辅音＋元音＋辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加–ed。

stop→stopped plan→planned, prefer→preferred

(二)不规则动词的过去式

1．改变动词中的元音；

begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate

grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won

speak→spoke take→took write→wrote get→got

2．变词尾的–d 为–t ；

build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent

3．与动词原形一样；

cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut 4．变-ay 为-aid (少数动词)；

say→said pay→paid lay→laid

5．采用不同词根；

sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought

6．其他。

am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did

五、加“-ed”后的读音方法

1.ed加在清辅音后面读/t/。

finished /-t/ help /-t/ asked /-t/

2.ed加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/。

played /-d/ lived /-d/ enjoyed /-d/

3.ed加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/。

wanted /-tid/ needed /-did/ visited /-tid/

六、句式变化

（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句

1．把was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes，…was. 否定回答为：No，…. wasn’t. 由Were…？引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes，… were. 否定回答为：No，… weren’t.

如：

（1）I was born in Shanghai. →Were you born in Shanghai?

→Yes, I was. (肯定回答) →No, I wasn’t. (否定回答) （2）They were in Li Yan’s home last night. →Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?

→Yes, they were. (肯定回答) →No, they weren’t. (否定回答)

2．在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词词did来引导，其余的语序不变。要注意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes, …did. 否定回答：No, …didn’t.

如：John played computer games last night.→Did John play computer games last night?

→Yes, he did. (肯定回答) →No, he didn’t. (否定回答) （二）一般过去时的否定句

1．在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如：

（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.

→He was not in the park the day before yesterday.

(2)We were busy last week.

→We were not busy last week.

2．在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t + 动词原形。

如：

（1）She played the violin last night.

→She didn’t play the violin last night.

(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.

→They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.

(三)、一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did … ?（主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动词原形。）

We ate Chinese food last night.