跨文化交际期末复习资料重点笔记.docx

Culture: Culture is the total accumulation of beliefs, customs, values, behaviors, institutions and communication patterns that are shared, learned and passed down through the generations in an identifiable group of people.

Objective Culture: history, religion, literature, language, food, etiquette, law, and customs.

Subjective Culture: feelings and attitudes about how things are and how they should be -the concept of time, spaces, friendship, love, family, communication pattern, etc.

Characteristics：Learned, transmitted from generation to generation, based on symbols, dynamic, ethnocentric・

Doing Culture: It is meant to be a contrast to learning "about" culture underscores the idea that communicating across cultures is a process of making meaning, of people understanding one another so they can get to know one another, build relationships, and solve problems togethe匸It should not be words on paper, but ideas in practice.

Communication: Human communication is the process through which individuals - in relationships, groups, organizations and societies -respond to and create messages to adapt to the environment and one another.

Characteristics: Dynamic and interactive

Intercultural Communication: Generally speaking, it refers to interaction between people from different cultural backgrounds^such as interactions between people from America and China, between whites and African Americans, between Hispanic and Japanese Americans

The form of Intercultural Communication

a. Interracial communication -people from different races

b. Interethnic communications -the parties are of the same race but of different ethnic origins.

c. Intercultural communication -communication between members of the same culture,

in which one or both of the participants hold dual or multiple memberships. (gay, disabled, Mexican American, African American, or female )

Comiminication Competence (ICC competence)

The cognitive component -how much one know about communication.

The affective component -one's motivation to approach or avoid communication The behavior component -the skills one has to interact competently.

Perception: Perception is a cognitive process in which we attach meaning to objects, symbols, people and behavior in order to make sense of them.

Pattern of Thought: The way people in a culture think influences the way they interpret strangers' messages.

World views: The grid (decentralized・ This pattern does not have a fixed center)

The radiating star (highly centralized. In this pattern important things are at the center and everything else radiates out from the center)

The inside/ outside pattern (圈子)

female male

private public

home market, mosque, coffee house

the outside is plain, not welcoming, even forbidding. The walls are thick to protect what