【机械专业文献翻译】数控技术的发展趋势

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【机械专业类文献译】数控技术和装备发展趋势及对策

【机械专业类文献译】数控技术和装备发展趋势及对策

附录Numerical control technology and equipment trend of development and countermeasureThe equipment industry technical level and the modernized degree were deciding the entire national economy level and the modernized degree, the numerical control technology and the equipment are the development emerging high technology and new technology industry and the state-of-art industry (for example defense industry industries and so on information technology and industry, biological technology and industry, aviation, astronautics) enables the technology and the most basic equipment. Marx had said “each kind of economical time difference, does not lie in produces any, but how lies in produces, with any means of labor production”. The technique of manufacture and the equipment is the humanity produces active the most basic producer goods, but the numerical control technology also is advanced now the technique of manufacture and the equipment most core technology. Now the various countries manufacturing industry widely uses the numerical control technology, sharpens the manufacturing capacity and the level, enhances to the dynamic changeable market adaptiveness and competitive ability. In addition in the world various industries developed country also lists as the national strategic resources the numerical control technology and the numerical control equipment, not only takes the significant measure to develop own numerical control technology and the industry, moreover implements the blockade and the limit policy in “precise and advanced” the numerical control key technologies and the equipment aspect to our country. In brief, develops vigorously take the numerical control technology has become the world each developed country acceleration economy development as the core advanced technique of manufacture, enhances the comprehensive national strength and the national status important way.The numerical control technology is carries on the control with the numericalinformation to the mechanical movement and the work process the technology, the numerical control equipment is take the numerical control technology as representative's new technology the integration of machinery product which forms to the traditional manufacture industry and the emerging manufacturing industry seepage, namely so-called digitized equipment, its technical scope cover very many domains: (1) machine manufacture technology; (2) information processing, processing, transmission technology; (3) automatic control technology; (4) servo actuates the technology; (5) sensor technology; (6) software technology and so on.1Development trend of a numerical control technology The application of numerical control technology has not only brought the revolutionary change to manufacturing industry of the tradition, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of numerical control technology and enlargement of the application, the development of some important trades (IT , automobile , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the people's livelihood of his plays a more and more important role, because the digitization that these trades needed to equip has already been the main trend of modern development. Numerical control technology in the world at present and equiping the development trend to see, there is the following several respect [1- ] in its main research focus .A high-speed , high finish machining technology and new trend equippedThe efficiency , quality are subjavanufacturing technology. High-speed , high finish machining technology can raise the efficiency greatly , improve the quality and grade of the products, shorten production cycle and improve the market competitive power. Japan carries the technological research association first to classify it as one of the 5 great modern manufacturing technologies for this, learn (CIRP ) to confirm it as the centre in the 21st century and study one of the directions in international production engineering.In the field of car industry, produce one second when beat such as production of300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip key problem that must be solved one of; In the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, spare parts of its processing are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity is very bad, the material is aluminium or aluminium alloy, only in a situation that cut the speed and cut strength very small high, could process these muscles , walls . Adopt large-scale whole aluminium alloy method that blank " pay empty " make the wing recently, such large-scale parts as the fuselage ,etc. come to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet , screw and other connection way, make the intensity , rigidity and dependability of the component improved. All these, to processing and equiping the demand which has proposed high-speed , high precise and high flexibility.1.2 Link and process and compound to process the fast development of the lathe in 5 axesAdopt 5 axles to link the processing of the three-dimensional curved surface part, can cut with the best geometry form of the cutter , not only highly polished, but also efficiency improves by a large margin . It is generally acknowledged , the efficiency of an 5 axle gear beds can equal 2 3 axle gear beds , is it wait for to use the cubic nitrogen boron the milling cutter of ultra hard material is milled and pared at a high speed while quenching the hard steel part, 5 axles link and process 3 constant axles to link and process and give play to higher benefit. Because such reasons as complicated that 5 axles link the numerical control system , host computer structure that but go over, it is several times higher that its price links the numerical control lathe than 3 axles , in addition the technological degree of difficulty of programming is relatively great, have restricted the development of 5 axle gear beds.At present because of electric appearance of main shaft, is it realize 5 axle complex main shaft hair structure processed to link greatly simplify to make, it makes degree of difficulty and reducing by a large margin of the cost, the price disparity of the numerical control system shrinks . So promoted 5 axle gear beds of head of complex main shaft and compound to process the development of the lathe (process the lathe including 5 ).At EMO2001 exhibition, new Japanese 5 of worker machine process lathe adopt complex main shaft hair, can realize the processing of 4 vertical planes and processing of the wanton angle , make 5 times process and 5 axles are processed and can be realized on the same lathe, can also realize the inclined plane and pour the processing of the hole of awls . Germany DMG Company exhibits the DMUV oution series machining center, but put and insert and put processing and 5 axles 5 times to link and process in once, can be controlled by CNC system or CAD/CAM is controlled directly or indirectly.1.2 Become the main trend of systematic development of contemporary numerical control intelligently , openly , networkedlily The numerical control equipment in the 21st century will be sure the intelligent system, the intelligent content includes all respects in the numerical control system: It is intelligent in order to pursue the efficiency of processing and process quality, control such as the self-adaptation of the processing course, the craft parameter is produced automatically; Join the convenient one in order to improve the performance of urging and use intelligently, if feed forward control , adaptive operation , electrical machinery of parameter , discern load select models , since exactly makes etc. automatically automatically; The ones that simplified programming , simplified operating aspect are intelligent, for instance intelligent automatic programming , intelligent man-machine interface ,etc.; There are content of intelligence diagnose , intelligent monitoring , diagnosis convenient to be systematic and maintaining ,etc.. 1.4 Pay attention to the new technical standard , normal setting-up 1.4.1 Design the norm of developing about the numerical control systemAs noted previously, there are better common ability , flexibility , adaptability , expanding in the open numerical control system, such countries as U.S.A. , European Community and Japan ,etc. implement the strategic development plan one after another , carry on the research and formulation of the systematic norm (OMAC ,OSACA , OSEC ) of numerical control of the open system structure, 3 biggest economies in the world have carried on the formulation that nearly the same science planned and standardized in a short time, have indicated a new arrival of period of change of numerical control technology. Our country started the research and formulation of standardizing the frame of ONC numerical control system of China too in 2000.1.4.2 About the numerical control standardThe numerical control standard is a kind of trend of information-based development of manufacturing industry. Information exchange among 50 years after numerical control technology was born was all because of ISO6983 standard, namely adopt G, M code describes how processes, its essential characteristic faces the processing course, obviously, he can't meet high-speed development of modern numerical control technology's needs more and more already. For this reason, studying and making a kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEP-NC) in the world, its purpose is to offer a kind of neutral mechanism not depending on the concrete system , can describe the unified data model in cycle of whole life of the products , thus realize the whole manufacture process, standardization of and even each industrial field product information.2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control of our countryThe technology of numerical control of our country started in 1958, the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 1958 to 1979, namely closed developing stage. In this stages, because technology of foreign countries blockade and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of numerical control technology is comparatively slow. During "Sixth Five-Year Plan Period " , " the Seventh Five-Year Plan Period " of the country in second stage and earlier stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period ", namely introduce technology, digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domestration arising tentatively. At this stage , because ofreform and opening-up and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. The third stage is and during the " Ninth Five-Year Plan Period " on the later stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period " of the country, namely implement the research of industrialization, enter market competition stage. At this stage , made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. In latter stage for " the Ninth Five-Year Plan ", the domestic occupation rate of market of the domestic numerical control lathe is up to 50%, it is up to 10% too to mix the domestic numerical control system (popular ).3 pairs of strategic thinking of technology and industrialized development of numerical control of our country3.1 Strategic considerationOur country make big country, industry is it is it accept front instead of transformation of back end to try one's best to want in shifting in world, namely should master and make key technology advancedly, otherwise in a new round of international industrial structure adjustment, the manufacturing industry of our country will step forward and " leave the core spaces ". We regard resource, environment, market as the cost, it is only an international " machining center " in the new economic pattern of the world to exchange the possibility got and " assemble the centre ", but not master the position of the manufacturing center of key technology , will so influence the development process of the modern manufacturing industry of our country seriously.We should stand in the height of national security strategy paying attention to numerical control technology and industry's question , at first seen from social safety, because manufacturing industry whether our country obtain employment most populous trade, the development of manufacturing industry not only can improve the people's living standard but also can alleviate the pressure of employment of ourcountry , ensure the stability of the society; Secondly seen from national defence security, the western developed country has classified all the high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control products as the strategic materials of the country, realizing the embargo and restriction to our country, " Toshiba incident " and " Cox Report " is the best illustration.3.2 Development tacticsProceed from the angles of the fundamental realities of the country of our country, regard the strategic demand of the country and market demand of national economy as the direction, regard improving our country and making the comprehensive competitive power of equiping industry and industrialization level as the goal, use the systematic method , be able to choose to make key technology upgraded in development of equiping industry and support technology supporting the development of industrialization in our country in initial stage of 21st century in leading factor, the ability to supply the necessary technology realizes making the jump development of the equiping industry as the content of research and development.Emphasize market demand is a direction, namely take terminal products of numerical control as the core, with the complete machine (Such as the numerical control lathe having a large capacity and a wide range, milling machine , high speed high precise high-performance numerical control lathe , digitized machinery of model , key industry key equipment ,etc.) drive the development of the numerical control industry. Solve the numerical control system and relevant functions part especially The dependability that (digitized servo system and electrical machinery , high speed electric main shaft system and new-enclosure that equip ,etc. ) and production scale question. There are no products that scale will not have high dependability ; Will not have cheap and products rich in the competitiveness without scale ; Certainly, it is difficult to have day holding up one's head finally that there is no scale Chinese numerical control equipment.In equiping researching and developing high-grade , precision and advancedly , should emphasize the production, learning and research and close combination of theend user, regard " drawing, using, selling " as the goal, tackle key problems according to the national will, in order to solve the needing badly of the country.Numerical control technology, emphasized innovation, put emphasis on researching and developing the technology and products with independent intellectual property right before the competition, establish the foundation for the industry of numerical control of our country , sustainable development of equipment manufacture and even the whole manufacturing industry.数控技术和装备发展趋势及对策装备工业的技术水平和现代化程度决定着整个国民经济的水平和现代化程度,数控技术及装备是发展新兴高新技术产业和尖端工业(如信息技术及其产业、生物技术及其产业、航空、航天等国防工业产业)的使能技术和最基本的装备。

【机械类文献翻译】数控技术与装备

【机械类文献翻译】数控技术与装备

NC technology and equipment数控技术与装备In China,the development of NC technology and equipment has been attached great importance to the considerable progress made in recent years.Especially in the common areas of computer numerical control,PC-based CNC system made that we have been in the forefront of the world.However,the technology research and industrial development in NC is also plagued with problems,especially in the technical innovation capability commercialization process,and other aspects of market share is particularly prominent.At the dawn of the new century,how to effectively address these issues,NC areas along the path of sustainable development in China.into the overall comprehensive advanced in the world,so we have a pivotal position in international competition.NC will be the research and development sector and the important tasks facing manufacturers.在我国,数控技术与装备的发展亦得到了高度重视,近年来取得了相当大的进步。

机械制造中的数控技术发展趋势

机械制造中的数控技术发展趋势

机械制造中的数控技术发展趋势随着科技的不断进步,机械制造行业在过去几十年中发生了巨大的变化。

其中最重要的变革之一就是数控技术的发展。

数控技术(Computer Numerical Control),简称CNC,已经在各行各业的机械制造领域中得到了广泛应用。

本文将探讨机械制造中数控技术的发展趋势,并剖析其对产业的影响。

一、智能化的趋势随着人工智能和物联网技术的发展,智能化已成为数控技术的发展趋势之一。

未来的数控机床将具备更高的自主性和智能化水平,能够根据预设的任务自动优化工艺参数、调整刀具路径以及监控加工过程。

智能化数控机床的出现,将大大提高机械制造的生产效率和产品质量。

二、高速化的趋势随着数控技术的不断成熟,高速化已成为机械制造中的新趋势。

高速数控机床具备更高的工作速度和加工精度,能够实现更加精细和高效的加工过程。

而随着工作速度的提高,机械制造过程中的振动和冲击力也会相应增加,在设计和制造数控机床时需要更加注重结构的刚性和稳定性,以确保加工的准确性。

三、柔性化的趋势随着市场需求的不断变化,机械制造中的数控技术也朝着柔性化的方向发展。

柔性化数控机床能够适应不同的加工需求,具备多工序加工、多品种生产的能力。

通过灵活的刀具变换、工艺参数调整和工艺流程优化,柔性化数控机床能够快速响应市场需求的变化,提高生产的灵活性和适应性。

四、精准化的趋势精准化是数控技术发展的核心要求之一。

随着科技的进步和传感器技术的不断改进,数控机床的定位精度和加工精度已经得到显著提升。

未来,数控技术将朝着更高的精度要求发展,以满足工业制造中对高精度产品的需求。

精准化的数控技术将在精密机械加工、航空航天、汽车零部件等领域发挥重要作用。

五、人机合作的趋势在数控技术的发展过程中,人机合作已经成为越来越重要的研究领域。

人机合作旨在通过融合人类的智能和机器的精确性,实现更加灵活和高效的机械制造过程。

通过引入人工智能和机器学习算法,人机合作的数控机床能够学习和优化加工过程,同时也能够依靠人类工作人员的专业知识和经验进行判断和决策。

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势随着技术的不断进步和工业化水平的提高,数控机械设备技术在制造业中的应用也日益广泛。

数控机械设备技术是利用数字控制系统对机械设备进行控制和操作的技术,其应用范围涵盖了数控机床、数控车床、数控钻床、数控刀具、数控冲床等各种机器设备。

随着数控机械设备技术的不断发展,其发展趋势也逐渐清晰,本文将对数控机械设备技术的发展趋势进行探讨。

一、智能化和自动化随着人工智能、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术的快速发展,数控机械设备技术也不断迈向智能化和自动化。

传统的数控机械设备通常需要操作工人对设备进行繁琐的编程和操作,而智能化的数控机械设备能够通过预设的程序和算法自动完成加工过程,大大减轻了操作工人的劳动强度。

智能化的数控机械设备还能够通过传感器等装置实时监测设备的运行状态,进行故障诊断和预测维护,提高了设备的可靠性和稳定性。

未来,智能化和自动化将成为数控机械设备技术发展的主要趋势,为制造业的智能化升级提供了重要技术支持。

二、高速化和精密化随着现代制造业对产品质量和生产效率要求的不断提高,数控机械设备技术也面临着高速化和精密化的挑战。

传统的数控机械设备通常受到传动系统、控制系统和加工工艺的限制,无法满足高速、高精度的加工需求。

而随着线性驱动技术、高速主轴技术、高精度传感器技术等的不断成熟,高速化和精密化的数控机械设备将成为未来的发展趋势。

通过提高设备的加工速度和精度,能够更好地满足现代制造业对产品质量和生产效率的需求,推动制造业向高端化、智能化方向发展。

三、柔性化和定制化传统的数控机械设备通常以生产线为单位,进行批量生产,无法适应产品多样化、定制化的需求。

随着市场需求的不断变化,制造业对产品的柔性化和定制化需求也日益增长。

柔性化和定制化将成为数控机械设备技术的重要发展方向。

未来的数控机械设备将更加注重设备的灵活性和多功能性,能够适应不同产品的加工需求,实现批量生产和定制化生产的双重目标。

这将为制造业提供更多样化、个性化的生产方式,满足市场对产品个性化、差异化的需求。

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势在近几年,数控机械设备技术的发展趋势已经开始呈现出以下几个方面:1. 智能化。

随着人工智能技术的迅猛发展,数控机械设备也逐渐向智能化的方向发展。

数字模拟技术、模型计算和模拟技术、图形处理技术、机器人技术等都在不断被应用到数控机械设备中,使得设备在生产过程中的智能化逐步升级。

2. 多功能化。

在今后的数控机械设备中,随着市场对设备的多样化需求不断扩大,设备的多功能化将会逐步成为发展趋势。

这可以通过不断加强网络化、模块化、分布式控制等方面来实现。

3. 省能降耗。

在未来,能源和环境成为世界各国社会、经济、环境可持续发展的最大问题。

设计和研发低能耗、低排放的数控机械设备将会成为市场需求的趋势,这需要通过研究新的轻量化、高温材料和新的高效控制技术来实现。

4. 个性化。

在未来的数控机械设备市场中,对于小批量、多批次及仅需少量定制化生产的市场需求正呈逐年增长的趋势。

因此,设计和研发个性化的数控机械设备,可以更好地满足市场需求,同时,这一也需要通过更高级、更灵活的数字设计和生产技术来实现。

5. 全自动化。

随着机器人技术的不断进步,制造业整体趋向于实现全自动化生产,包括数控机械设备的生产和使用。

因此,在未来,设备的人机交互方式和生产模式都将会更加注重高度的智能化和自动化。

6. 生产流程数字化。

通过生产流程数字化,可以分析和优化生产流程,大幅提升产品质量和生产效率,从而满足市场对于更快速、高效的生产工艺的需求。

总体而言,随着技术的不断升级和市场对设备的更高要求,未来数控机械设备的发展趋势将会更加智能化、多功能化、省能降耗、个性化、全自动化和数字化。

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势

数控机械设备技术的发展趋势随着人工智能、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术的不断发展,数控机械设备技术也在不断升级和演变。

传统的数控机械设备已经不能满足现代工业生产的需求,数控机械设备技术的发展趋势也变得越来越被关注和重视。

本文将着重分析数控机械设备技术的发展趋势,以及未来可能的发展方向。

1. 智能化在工业制造领域,智能化已成为不可逆转的趋势。

传统的数控机械设备主要依靠预先设定的程序进行工作,而智能化数控机械设备则可以根据实时的生产环境和需要进行自主调整和优化。

智能化数控机床可以根据加工材料的硬度、温度等参数,动态调整刀具速度、进给速度等参数,实现更加高效和精准的加工,大大提高了生产效率和产品质量。

随着人工智能技术的不断成熟和应用,智能化数控机械设备的发展将会更加迅速,成为未来的主流趋势。

2. 模块化随着工业生产的不断发展,产品种类日益繁多,生产任务也变得越来越复杂。

传统的数控机械设备通常是针对特定的工艺和产品设计的,一旦生产任务发生变化,往往需要重新调整设备。

而模块化数控机械设备则可以通过组合不同的模块来适应不同的生产任务,从而实现生产线的灵活调整和快速转换。

这种模块化设计不仅可以减少生产线的换线时间,提高生产效率,还可以降低设备投资成本,提高设备的利用率和灵活度。

未来,模块化将会成为数控机械设备设计的一个重要发展方向。

3. 网络化随着工业互联网的快速发展,网络化已经成为各行业的发展方向之一。

数控机械设备作为工业生产的重要组成部分,也将会迎来网络化的发展趋势。

通过将数控机械设备连接到互联网上,可以实现设备的远程监控、远程维护和远程诊断,大大减少了设备故障的处理时间,提高了设备的稳定性和可靠性。

网络化还可以实现生产数据的实时采集和分析,帮助生产企业实现智能化生产和管理,提高生产效率和产品质量。

4. 高精度化随着工业制造对产品精度要求的不断提高,数控机械设备也在朝着高精度化的方向发展。

高精度数控机械设备可以实现更加精细的加工,可以满足对精度要求较高的产品加工需求,如模具、航空航天零部件等领域。

数控技术的发展趋势

数控技术的发展趋势

数控技术的发展趋势随着工业的发展和科技的进步,数控技术正在取得快速发展。

数控技术是一种利用计算机或者专用数控系统控制机床进行加工的技术,其主要特点是具有高度自动化、高精度和高效率的特点。

以下是数控技术发展的一些趋势。

首先,数控技术的软硬件集成化趋势越来越明显。

随着计算机技术的不断发展,数控系统的软件和硬件也在不断的提升。

硬件方面,数控系统的处理器性能不断提高,内存和存储容量也随之增加。

软件方面,数控系统的功能越来越强大,可以实现更多的加工功能,比如曲线加工和复杂曲面加工等。

同时,数控系统还可以实现与其他系统的集成,比如与企业资源计划系统(ERP)进行数据传输和交互。

这种集成化的趋势,使得数控技术更加智能化和高效化。

其次,数控技术的智能化趋势也逐渐显现。

随着人工智能技术的不断发展,人们对数控技术的智能化要求也越来越高。

智能化数控技术可以实现人机交互,通过图像识别和语音识别等技术,可以实现机床的自动编程和故障诊断等功能。

同时,智能化数控技术还可以实现机床的自我学习和优化加工,提高加工质量和效率。

再次,数控技术的绿色化趋势也变得越来越重要。

随着环境保护意识的不断增强,人们对机械加工过程中产生的废气、废水和废渣等问题越来越关注。

绿色化数控技术可以通过优化机床的结构和使用新型的切削材料,减少加工过程中的能源消耗和废物排放。

同时,绿色化数控技术还可以通过优化加工路径和加工参数,降低加工过程中的噪音和振动,提高工作环境的舒适度。

最后,数控技术在制造业的应用范围也在不断扩大。

数控技术在航空航天、汽车、电子、医疗器械等领域的应用越来越广泛。

随着新材料和新工艺的不断出现,传统的机械加工已经无法满足对产品质量和效率的要求,数控技术成为了解决这些问题的重要手段。

同时,数控技术还可以实现生产过程的柔性化和个性化,满足不同用户的需求,提高产品的差异化竞争能力。

综上所述,数控技术的发展趋势包括软硬件集成化、智能化、绿色化和应用范围扩大等方面。

数控专业的发展前景及趋势论文

数控专业的发展前景及趋势论文

数控专业的发展前景及趋势论文
数控技术是一门涉及机械、电子、计算机等多领域知识的综合学科,在当今工
业领域有着广泛的应用。

随着工业自动化程度的不断提高,数控技术已经成为制造业发展的重要支柱之一。

数控专业的发展前景备受瞩目,未来的趋势也呈现出一些明显特征。

首先,数控技术的应用领域将不断扩大。

随着传统制造业向智能化、柔性化转变,数控技术将在诸多领域得到广泛应用,如航空航天、汽车制造、模具制造等。

这将为数控专业毕业生提供更广阔的就业机会。

其次,数控技术将与人工智能、物联网等新兴技术相结合,形成更加智能化的
生产模式。

通过数控系统和传感器的联接,生产线将实现实时监控和自动化调节,大大提高生产效率和质量。

再者,数控专业的人才需求将持续增长。

随着我国制造业的快速发展,对数控
技术人才的需求也在不断增加。

高校对数控专业的培养也将更加重视,加大对相关课程和实训设备的投入。

此外,国家政策的扶持也将为数控专业的发展提供有力支持。

我国《制造强国2025》等政策文件中都明确提出要加强数控技术的研发和应用,将数控技术作为
战略性新兴产业加以扶持。

综上所述,数控专业的发展前景广阔,趋势也十分明显。

作为一门融合了多种
技术的综合性学科,数控专业毕业生将在未来大展拳脚,为我国制造业的转型升级贡献力量。

随着科技的不断进步和应用,数控技术必将在未来发挥更为重要的作用。

数控发展趋势

数控发展趋势

数控发展趋势随着科技的不断进步,数控技术在工业制造领域得到了广泛的应用,并呈现出以下几个发展趋势。

首先,数控技术将更加智能化。

随着人工智能和大数据技术的发展,数控设备将具备更加智能化的能力。

例如,通过采集和分析大量的生产数据,数控设备可以实现自动化的刀具选择、加工参数调整以及故障检测与修复等功能,从而提高生产效率和产品质量。

其次,数控技术将更加集成化。

传统的数控设备通常需要独立的控制器和传感器等外部设备,而集成化的数控设备可以将这些功能都集成在一起,使设备更加紧凑和便于维护。

此外,数控设备与其他生产设备的集成也将得到进一步发展,实现制造过程的数字化管理。

第三,数控技术将更加灵活化。

传统的数控设备通常针对特定的加工任务进行编程,并且改变加工任务时需要重新编程。

而新一代的数控设备可以通过更加灵活的编程方式来适应不同的加工任务,例如通过图形界面进行编程或者通过学习和适应来自动调整加工参数。

这将使数控设备更加适应多品种、小批量的生产需求。

第四,数控技术将更加精确化。

随着测量和传感技术的不断进步,数控设备将具备更高的精确度。

例如,高分辨率的位置传感器和先进的自适应控制算法可以实现更加精确的运动控制和加工精度。

这将使得数控设备可以实现更高精度的加工和更复杂的形状加工。

最后,数控技术将更加可持续化。

随着环境保护和资源节约的要求越来越高,数控设备将需要更加节能和环保。

例如,采用低功率的驱动器和电机、优化的加工工艺以及回收利用加工废料等措施可以降低能耗和环境污染。

此外,数控设备还可以通过远程监控和优化调度来减少生产资源的浪费。

总之,数控技术在未来将呈现智能化、集成化、灵活化、精确化和可持续化等几个主要发展趋势。

这将进一步推动工业制造的转型升级,提高生产效率和产品质量,并促进可持续发展。

数控技术的发展现状与趋势

数控技术的发展现状与趋势

数控技术的发展现状与趋势
一、数控技术发展现状
数控技术是指将计算机系统应用于机械的控制,并与机械匹配使用的
技术。

它具有很高的灵活性和可靠性,具有自动操作,智能化,精确度高,多种加工方式,能够实现大批量生产的特点。

数控技术在过去60多年里取得了巨大的发展,在很多领域都得到广
泛应用,比如汽车制造、航空航天、数字化印刷、数字化印刷、数控机床
制造、模具制造、管理和控制等。

现在,数控技术已经发展成为制造业发
展过程中重要的技术平台。

数控技术在推动工业4.0的发展中发挥着关键作用。

现在,数控设备
正在被全面应用于制造工厂,并改变着传统的专业制造模式,它为快速反
应需求提供了可能性,降低了产品开发时间,提高了与市场的配合程度。

二、数控技术发展趋势
1、可编程逻辑控制(PLC)及其应用的普及
PLC是一种可以灵活操作的控制系统,具有良好的性能,可靠性,安
全性,容易操作和使用,可编程逻辑控制器在控制系统自动化、智能化和
信息化过程中发挥了至关重要的作用,未来将成为控制系统的核心技术。

2、自动化软件的发展
数控技术离不开自动化软件的支持。

数控的发展和趋势论文

数控的发展和趋势论文

数控的发展和趋势论文随着计算机及信息技术的发展,数控技术也得到了快速的发展,广泛应用于机械制造、汽车、航空航天、电子、医疗等领域。

本文将从数控技术的发展历程、应用领域、趋势预测等方面进行探讨。

一、数控技术的发展历程数控技术最早的应用可以追溯到20世纪50年代,当时美国的MIT机械实验室研制出了世界上第一台数控机床。

自此以后,数控技术开始了长时间的发展历程。

经过数十年的发展,数控机床的种类越来越多,功能越来越强,数控系统的控制能力越来越强大。

二、数控技术的应用领域(一)机械制造行业:数控机床的运用使得加工工艺更加精确,工作效率更高。

数控车床、数控铣床、数控加工中心等数控机床在汽车零部件制造、航空航天器件加工、模具加工、机械零部件加工等领域的应用与开发日益普及。

(二)汽车行业:数控机床的应用推动了汽车模具的高速制造及零部件的生产,尤其是数控车床和加工中心在生产零部件中的广泛应用,可极大加快汽车零部件的制造速度,提高汽车零部件的精度和质量。

(三)航空航天行业:数控技术在航空航天领域广泛应用,可用于制造飞机零部件、火箭、卫星等部件。

数控技术在航空航天工业的生产中,可实现数字化设计、柔性生产、快速反应等现代化生产方式,从而提高了生产效率。

(四)电子行业:数控机床在PCB板、塑胶制品等制造领域的应用极为广泛。

数控技术融入了电子行业的生产中,使得各种电子元件的加工和制作变得更加智能化。

(五)医疗器械行业:数控机床的应用帮助医疗器械的制造变得更加快捷、便捷和精准,不仅能够减轻医疗机构的重负,为患者带来更大的便利,同时也是医疗行业数字化的重要一步。

三、数控技术的趋势预测(一)智能化程度日益提高:自主研发的高端数控设备,在智能化程度上比传统设备更优。

数控机床中的智能化部分将逐步基于图像算法、机器学习和深度学习,实现自主的即时检测和修正。

(二)直接数字化生产趋势明显:直接数字化是指通过数控机床可实现从CAD 模型直接到加工的数字化量产,中间过程基本不需要人为干预,数据精度高,解决了数据传递过程中产生的误差。

数控专业毕业设计外文翻译----中国数控车床的现状和发展趋势分析

数控专业毕业设计外文翻译----中国数控车床的现状和发展趋势分析

Not only the Chinese numerical control lathe present situation andthe trend of developmentanalysis numerical control technology application has brought the revolutionary change for the traditional manufacturing industry, causes the manufacturing industry to become the industrialization the symbol, moreover along with numerical control technology unceasing development and application domain expansion, it to national economy and the people's livelihood some important professions (IT, automobile, light industry, medical service and so on) development more and more vital role, because these professions must equip the digitization already was the modern development major tendency. The current numerical control lathe presents following trend of development. 1. high speed, high precisionHigh speed, precise is the engine bed development eternal goal.Development progresses by leaps and bounds which along with the science and technology, the mechanical and electrical products renewal speed speeds up, increasingly is also high to the components processing precision and the surface quality request.In order to satisfy this complex changeable market the demand, the current engine bed to the high-speed cutting, is doing the cutting and does the direction of cut to develop, the processing precision also in unceasingly enhances. On the other hand, the electricity main axle and the straight line electrical machinery success application, the ceramics ball bearing, the high accuracy lead greatly hollow in cold and the ball bearing nut strong cold low temperature high speed ball bearing guide screw vice-and the belt ball bearing retainer straight line guide rail vice-and so on engine bed function part appearing on the market, also for the engine bed to high speed, the precise development has created the condition. The numerical control lathe picks uses electricity the main axle, has cancelled links and so on leather belt, band pulley and gear, reduced the master drive rotation inertia greatly, enhanced the main axle dynamic speed of response and the work precision, when thorough settlement main axle high-speed operation transmission and so on leather belt and band pulley vibrations and noise question.Picks uses electricity the main axle structure to be possible to enable the main axle rotational speed to achieve above 10000r/min.The straight line motor-driven speed is high, adds the moderating properties to be good, has the superior response characteristic and the followed precision. Made the servo with the straight line electrical machinery to actuate, to omit the ball bearing guide screw this intermediate drive link, eliminated the transmission gap (including reverse gap), themovement inertia was small, the system rigidity was good, could locate precisely under high speed, thus increased the servo precision enormously.Straight line trundle guide rail, because it has respectively to the gap for the zero and the extremely small rolling friction, wears slightly, gives off heat may ignore, has the extremely good thermostability, increased the entire journey pointing accuracy and the repetition pointing accuracy. Through the straight line electrical machinery and the straight line trundle guide rail vice-application, may make the engine bed the rapid traverse speed to enhance 60~80m/min from present 10~20m/mim, even reaches as high as 120m/min.2. redundant reliablenumerical control engine bed reliability is a numerical control engine bed product quality crucial target.Whether does the numerical control engine bed display its high performance, the high accuracy and the high efficiency, and obtains the good benefit, the key is decided by its reliable height.3. function recombinefunction recombine goal is further enhances the engine bed the production efficiency, uses reduces to few in the non-processing non-cutting time.Through the function recombine, may expand the engine bed the use scope, enhances the efficiency, realizes multipurpose one machine, one machine many energy, namely a numerical control lathe already may realize the turning function, also may realize the milling processing; Or in also may realize the abrasive machining by the mill primarily engine bed on.4. intellectualizations, the network, the flexibility and the integrated21st century numerical control equipments has certain intellectualized system. In order to pursue the processing efficiency and the processing quality aspect intellectualization, like processing process adaptive control, craft parameter automatic production; In order to enhance the actuation performance and the use connection aspect intellectualization, like feed-forward control, electrical machinery parameter auto-adapted operation, automatic diagnosis load automatic designation model, self regulating grade; Simplification programming, simplification operation aspect intellectualization, like intellectualized automatic programming, intellectualized man-machine contact surface and so on; Also has the intelligence to diagnose, aspect and so on intelligent monitoring contents, by facilitates the system the diagnosis and the service and so on. The numerical control engine bed the tendency which develops to the flexibility automated system is: From (numerical control single plane, processing center and numerical control compound processing engine bed), line (FMC, FMS, FTL, FML) to surface (construction sectionworkshop independent manufacture island, FA), body (CIMS, distribution network integration manufacture system) the direction develops, on the other hand develops to the attention utility and the efficient direction. The flexible automation technology is the manufacturing industry adapts the dynamic market demand and the product rapid renewal main method, is the various countries' manufacturing industry development mainstream tendency, is the advanced manufacture domain foundation technology.Its key point is by enhances the system the reliability, changes into the premise practical, take the easy networking and the integration as the goal, the attention enhancement unit technology development and the consummation.The CNC single plane to the high accuracy, the high velocity and the high flexible direction develops. The numerical control engine bed and the constitution flexibility manufacture system can conveniently and joints and so on CAD, CAM, CAPP and MTS, develops to the information integration direction.The network system to the opening, the integration and the intellectualized direction develops.中国数控车床的现状和发展趋势分析数控技术的应用不但给传统制造业带来了革命性的变化,使制造业成为工业化的象征,而且随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大,它对国计民生的一些重要行业(IT、汽车、轻工、医疗等)的发展起着越来越重要的作用,因为这些行业所需装备的数字化已是现代发展的大趋势。

【机械专业文献翻译】数控技术发展趋势1

【机械专业文献翻译】数控技术发展趋势1

The development trend of the numerical control technologySummary : Have introduced numerical control technology and the development trend of the equipment and the current situations of the technical development of numerical control equipment and industrialization of our country of our times briefly , have discussed under the new environment further deepened in our country''s accession to the WTO and opening to the outside world on this basis, develop technology of numerical control of our country and the importance of the information-based level of manufacturing industry of our country and international competitiveness equips , improves, and has put forward technology of numerical control of our country and some views equipped of developing from two aspects of strategy and tactics.The engineering level of equipment industry and modernized intensity are determining the level of the whole national economy and modernized intensity , numerical control technology and equip , develop new developing new high-tech industry and most advanced industry To can make technology and basic equipment most (national defense industry industries , such as information technology and their industry , biotechnology , industry , aviation , spaceflight ,etc. ). Marx has ever said " the differences of different economic times, do not lie in what is produced, lie in how produce, with what means of labor produce ". Manufacturing technology and equipping the most basic means of production that are that the mankind produced the activity, and numerical control technology to equip most central technology. Nowadays the manufacturing industry all around the world adopts the technology of numerical control extensively; in order to improve manufacturing capacity and level, improve the adaptive capacity and competitive power to the changeable market of the trends. In addition every industrially developed country in the world also classifies the technology and numerical control equipment of numerical control as the strategic materials of the country, not merely take the great measure to develop one''s own numerical control technology and industry, and implement blockading and restrictive policy to our country in " high-grade, precision and advanced " key technology and equipment of numerical control. In a word, develop taking technology of numerical control as the core advanced manufacturing technology become world all developed country; accelerate economic development already in a more cost-effectivemanner, important route to improve the comprehensive national strength and national position.Numerical control technology to go on technology that control with digital information to mechanical movement and working course, numerical control equipment whether represented by technology of numerical control new technology make industry and new developing infiltration electromechanics integrated product that form of manufacturing industry to tradition, i.e. what is called digitization equip, its technological range covers a lot of fields: (1)Mechanical manufacturing technology;(2)Information processing , processing , transmission technology; (3)Automatic control technology; (4)Servo drive technology; (5)Transducer technology;(6)Software engineering ,etc..1 Development trend of a numerical control technologyThe application of the technology of numerical control has not only brought the revolutionary change to traditional manufacturing industry, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of the technology of numerical control and enlargement of application, the development of he some important trades (IT , car , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the people''s livelihood plays a more and more important role, because these trade necessary digitization that equipped has already been the main trend of modern development. According to the technology of numerical control and equipment development trend in the world at present, its main research focus has the following several respect [1~4].1.1 A high-speed , high finish machining technology and new trend equippedEfficiency, quality are subjects of the advanced manufacturing technology. At a high speed, high finish machining technology can raise the efficiency greatly, quality and grade to raise product, shorten production cycle and improve the competitive power of market. Japan carry technological research association classify their as one of the 5 loud modern manufacturing technologies first for this reason, learn (CIRP ) to confirm it as the centre in the 21st century to study one of the directions in international production engineering. In the field of car industry, produce 40 second when beat such as production of 300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip one of the key problems thatmust be solved; In the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, its processing''s spare parts are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity very bad, material aluminum or aluminum alloy, in high to cut pace and cut strength very under the little situation only, could process these muscles, walls. Adopt large-scale whole aluminium alloy blank method of " pay empty " make the wing recently, large-scale parts such as the fuselage ,etc. come to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet , screw and other connection ways, make the intensity , rigidity and dependability of the component improved. All these requirement for processing and equipping and proposing high-speed , high and precise and high flexibility.According to EMO2001 exhibition situation, the high-speed machining center enters for the pace to can reach 80m/min, even high; air transport competent pace can reach 100m/min about. A lot of car factories in the world at present, including Shanghai General Motors Corporation of our country, adopt, substitute and makethe lathe up with high-speed machining center production line part that make up already. HyperMach lathe of Company , CINCINNATI of U.S.A. , enter , give pace to be most loud to reach 60m/min, it is 100m/min to be fast, acceleration reach 2g, the rotational speed of the main shaft has already reached 60 000r/min. Processing a thin wall of plane parts, spend 30min only, and same part general at a high speed milling machine process and take 3h, process and need 8h with ordinary milling machine; The paces and acceleration of main shaft of dual main shaft lathes of Germany DMG Company reach 12* separately! 000r/mm and 1g. In machining accuracy, in the past 10 years, ordinary progression has accused of the machining accuracy of the lathe to already improve from 10μm to 5μm, accurate grades of machining center from 3- 5μm, raise to 1- 1.5μm, and ultraprecision machining accuracy begin , enter getting nanometer already.In machining accuracy, the past 10 years, ordinary progression accuse of machining accuracy of lathe raise to 5μm , from 3- 5μm accurate grades of machining center from 10μm already, improve to 1- 1.5μm, and the ultraprecision machining accuracy has already begun to enter nanometer (0.01μm )ly. In dependability, MTBF value of the foreign numerical control device has already reached above 6 000h, MTBF value of the servo system reaches above 30000h, demonstrate very high dependability . For realize at a high speed , high finish machining, related to it function part if electric main shaft , straight line electrical machinery get fast development, the application is further expanded .1.2 axles link and process and compound and process the lathe to develop fastAdopt 5 axle link , to three-dimensional curved surface processing of part , can cut with the best geometirc form of the cutter, not only highly polished, but also efficiency is improved by a large margin . It is generally acknowledged , a 5 axle gear beds of efficiency can equal 2 3 axle gear beds , use cubic nitrogen boron wait ultra hard material milling cutter go on at a high speed milling , sharpening , quenching hard steel at the part, 5 axle link , process constant 3 axle link , process , give play to high benefit. But go over because 5 axles link the numerical control system , complicated reason of host computer structure, price its link numerical control to be lathe several times higher than 3 axle, in addition programming technological difficulty relatively heavy , have restricted 5 axle gear beds of development. At present because of electric appearance of main shaft, make , realize 5 axle compound main shaft hair structure processed to link greatly simplify, it make difficulty and cost reduce by a large margin , numerical control price disparity of systems shrink. So promote compound main shaft head type 5 axle gear bed and compound development to process lathe (process the lathe including 5 ).At EMO2001 exhibition, new Japanese 5 of worker machineprocess lathe adopt compound main shaft hair, can realize 4 processing and arbitrary processing of angle of vertical plane, make 5 process and 5 axles are processed and can be realized at the same lathe, can also realize the inclined plane and pour the processing of the hole of awls . Company , DMG of Germany , exhibit DMUVoution series machining center , can put , insert , down 5 process and 5 axes link and process in one, can be controlled by CNC system or CAD/CAM controls directly or indirectly.1.3 intellectualizations, open style, the network turns into for the contemporary numerical control system development mainly hastensThe 21st century numerical control equipments will be has certain intellectualized the system, the intellectualized content including in numerical control system each aspect: In order to pursue the processing efficiency and the processing quality aspect intellectualization, like processing process adaptive control, craft parameter automatic production; In order to enhance the actuation performance and the use connection convenient intellectualization, like the feed-forward control, the electrical machinery parameter auto-adapted operation,the automatic diagnosis load automatic designation model, is automatic entire grades; Simplification programming, simplification operation aspect intellectualization, like intellectualized automatic programming, intellectualized man-machine contact surface and so on; Also has the intelligence to diagnose, the intelligent monitoring aspect content, the convenience system diagnosis and the service and so onIn order to solve the traditional numerical control system seal and the numerical control application software industry production existence question. At present many countries conduct the research to the open style numerical control system, like US''S NGC (The Next Generation Work-Station/Machine Control), European Economic Community''s OSACA (Open System Architecture for Control within Automation Systems), Japan''s OSEC (Open System Environment for Controller), China''s ONC (Open Numerical Control System) and so on. The numerical control system will open already becomes the numerical control system road of the future. The so-called open style numerical control system is the numerical control system development may in the unified movement platform, face the engine bed factory and the end-user, through the change, the increase or the tailor structure object (numerical control function), forms the seriation, and may conveniently integrates user''s special application and the technical knack in the control system, the fast realization different variety, the different scale open style numerical control system, forms has the bright individuality famous brand goods. At present the open style numerical control system system structure standard, the correspondence standard, the disposition standard, the movement platform, the numerical control system function storehouse as well as the numerical control system function software development kit and so on is the current research core.The network numerical control equipment is a nearly two year international famous engine beds expositions new luminescent spot. The numerical control equipment network enormously will satisfy the production line, the manufacture system, the manufacture enterprise to the information integration demand, also will be realizes new manufacture pattern like agile manufacture, hypothesized enterprise, the global manufacture foundation unit. The domestic and foreign some famous numerical controls engine bed and the numerical control system manufacture company has all promoted the related new concept and the prototype in the nearly two years, if unfolds in EMO2001, Japanese Shan Qima Mazak the company displays "CyberProduction Center" (intelligence production control center, is called CPC); Japan is Okuma the enginebed company to display "IT plaza" (information technology square, is called the IT square); German Simens (Siemens) the company displays Open Manufacturing Environment (opening manufacture environment, is called OME) and so on, had reflected the numerical control engine bed processing the tendency which develops to the network direction.1.4 takes the new technical standard, the standard establishment1.4.1 about numerical control system design development gaugeAs noted previously, there are better commonability , flexibility , adaptability , expanding in the open numerical control system, countries such as U.S.A. , European Community and Japan ,etc. implement the strategic development plan one after another , carry on research and formulation of the systematic norm of structural numerical control of the open system (OMAC , OSACA , OSEC ), 3 of world heavy economy carry on the same science plan and standardize formulation nearly in a short time most, have indicated a new arrival of period of change of the technology of numerical control. Our country started research and formulation which standardized the frame of ONC numerical control system of China too in 2000.1.4.2 About the numerical control standardThe numerical control standard is a kind of trend of information-based development of manufacturing industry. Numerical control technology information exchange of 50 year born , to based on ISO6983 standard, adopt G , M code describes how processes, its essential characteristic faces the processing course, obviously, he can''t meet demands of high-speed development of the technology of modern numerical control more and more already. For this reason, studying and making a kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEP-NC ) in the world, its purpose is offering a kind of neutral mechanism not depending on the concrete system , can describe the unified data model in whole lifespan of the products , thus realize the whole manufacture process, and even the standardization of each industrial field product information.ance of STEP-NC may be a revolution of the technical field of the numerical control, on development and even the whole manufacturing industry of the technology of numerical control , will exert a far-reaching influence. First of all, STEP-NC putsforward a kind of brand-new manufacture idea , in the traditional manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on single computer. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Internet, this is exactly a direction of open , networked development of technology of numerical control. Secondly, STEP-NC numerical control system also can reduce , process (about 75% ) drawing , process procedure work out (about 35% ) time and process (about 50% ) time greatly.At present, American-European countries pay much attention to the research of STEP-NC, Europe initiates IMS plan (1999.1.1- 2001.12.3 ) of STEP-NC. 20CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC users , manufacturers and academic organizations from Europe and Japan participated in this plan. STEP Tools Company of U.S.A. is a developer of the data interchange software of manufacturing industry in the global range, he has already developed and accused of the super model (Super Model ) of information exchange of machine tooling by counting, its goal is to describe all processing courses with the unified norm. Such new data interchange form has already been verified in allocating the SIEMENS , FIDIA and European OSACA-NC numerical control at present.2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control of our countryThe technology of numerical control of our country started in 1958, the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 1958 to 1979, i.e. closed developing stage. In this stages, technology of foreign countries blockade and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of the technology of numerical control is comparatively slow. During " Sixth Five-Year Plan Period " , " the Seventh Five-Year Plan Period " of the country in second stage and earlier stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period ", introduce technology , digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domesticization arisesing tentatively. At this stage , because of reform and opening-up and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. The third stage is that on the later stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period " of the country and during the " Ninth Five-Year Plan Period ", implement the research of industrialization , enter marketcompetition stage. At this stage, made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. In " the Ninth Five-Year Plan " latter stage,domestic numerical control domestic market share of lathe reach 50% , mix domestic numerical control system (popular ) to up to 10%.Review the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of our country, especially pass the brainstorm of 4 Five-Year Plans, all in all has made following achievements.a. Have establish the foundation of the technical development of numerical control, has basically mastered the technology of modern numerical control. Our country know from numerical control system , servo urge , numerical control host computer , special plane and their basic of fittings basically already now, among them most technology have already possessed the foundation that is commercialized and developed , some technology has already, industrialization commercialized.a.Have formed the industrial base of numerical control tentatively. In tackling key problems the foundation that the achievement and some technology commercialize , set up the systematic factories of numerical control with production capacity of batch such as numerical control of Central China , spaceflight numerical control etc.. Electrical machinery plant of Lanzhou, a batch of servo systems and first machine tool plant , first machine tool plant of Jinan of servo electrical machinery factory and Beijing ,etc. several numerical control host computer factories such as the numerical control in Central China. These factories have basically formed the numerical control industrial base of our country.b.Have set up research of a numerical control, development , managerial talent''s basic team . Though has made considerable progress in research and development and industrialization of the technology of numerical control, but we will realize soberly, the research and development of the technology of advanced numerical control of our country, there is greater disparity between current situation and current demand of our country of engineering level especially in industrialization. Though very fast from longitudinal development to watch our country, horizontal until (contrast with foreign countries ) , the engineering level has disparity, there is disparity too in development speed in some aspects, i.e. the disparity of engineering level between some high-grade , precision and advancednumerical control equipment has the tendency to expand . Watch from world , estimate roughly as follows about the numerical control engineering level of our country and industrialization level.a.On the engineering level, in probably backward 10- 1 years with the advanced level in foreign countries, it is bigger in high-quality precision and sophisticated technology.b.At the industrialization level, the market share is low, the variety coverage rate is low, have not formed the large-scale production yet; Function part specialized level of production and form a complete set ability to be lower; Appearance quality is relatively poor; Dependability is not high,the commercialized intensity is insufficient; Not setting up one''s own brand effect yet in domestic numerical control system, users have insufficient confidence.c.At the ability of sustainable development, to competition numerical control research and development of technology, engineered ability weaker; Numerical control technological application expand efforts to be better; The research , formulation that relevant standards are normal lags behind.It is analyzed that the main reason for having disparity described above has the following several respect.a.Realize the respect. Know to domestic numerical control industry process arduousness , complexity and long-term characteristic insufficiently; One that is to market unstandard, foreign blockade add strangle , system ,etc. underestimate while being difficult; It is not enough to analyze to technological application level and ability of numerical control of our country.b.System. Pay close attention to numerical control industrialization many in the issue , consider numerical control industrialization little in the issue synthetically in terms of the systematic one , industry chain in terms of technology; Set up intact related system , complete training , service network ,etc. of high quality support the system.c.Mechanism. The bad mechanism causes the brain drain , restraining technology and technological route from innovating again , products innovation, and hasrestricted the effective implementation of planning , has often planned the ideal , implement the difficulty. d.Technology. Enterprises are indifferent in autonomous innovation in technology, key technology is engineered and indifferent. Lathe standard lag behind, level relatively low, numerical control system new standard study enoughly.3 strategic thinking until technology and industrialization of numerical control of our country develop3.1 Strategic considerationOur country of strategic consideration makes the big country , should try hard to accept the front instead of the back transformation in the world industry shifts , should master and make key technology advancedly , otherwise in a new round of international industrial structure adjustment, of our country manufacturing industry step forward " the empty core ". We regard resource , environment , market as cost, possibility got to exchange " assemble the centre ", but not master the status of the manufacturing center of key technology , will so influence the development process of the modern manufacturing industry of our country seriously.We should stand in the height of national security strategy paying attention to the technology of numerical control and industry''s question , at first seen from social safety, because manufacturing industry whether our country obtain employment most populous trade, the development of manufacturing industry not only can improve the people''s living standard but also can relieve the pressure of employment ofour country , ensure the stability of the society; Secondly seen from security of national defence, the western developed country has classified all the high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control products as the strategic materials of the country, realize embargo and restriction to our country, " Toshiba incident " and " Cox Report " is the best illustration.3.2 Development tacticsProceed from the angles of the fundamental realities of the country of our country, regard the strategic demand of the country and market demand of the national economy as the direction, regard improving our country and making the comprehensive competitive power of equipping industry and industrialization level as the goal,use the systematic method , be able to choose the support technology that the initial our country makes the key technology upgraded in development of equipping industry and supports the development of industrialization in 21st century of leading factor, the ability to supply the necessary technology realizes making the jump type development of the equipping industry as the content of research and development.Emphasize market demand is a direction, take terminal products of numerical control as the core , with the complete machine (Such as the numerical control lathe having a large capacity and a wide range, milling machine , high speed high precise high-performance numerical control lathe , model digitized machinery , key industry key equipment ,etc. ) drive numerical control development of industry. Solve the numerical control system and relevant functions part especially The dependability in (digitized servo system and electrical machinery , electric main shaft system of high speed and new attachment that equip ,etc. ) and production scale question. There are no products without high dependability of scale ; Will not have cheap and products rich in the competitiveness without scale ; Certainly, it is difficult finally to have the day to hold up head that there is no Chinese numerical control equipment of scale .In equipping researching and developing high-grade , precision and advancedly , should emphasize the production, learning and research and close combination of end user, regard " obtaining, using, selling " as the goal, tackle key problems according to the national will, in order to solve the needing badly of the country. The technology of numerical control, emphasized innovation, put emphasis on researching and developing technology and products with independent intellectual property right before the competition, establish the foundation for the numerical control industry of our country , sustainable development of the equipment manufacture and even the whole manufacturing industry.References:[1]China machine tool industrial association Development department of the trade. CIMT2001 tour [J ]. The manufacturing technology in the world and market of equipment, 2001 (3): 18-20.[2]The roof beam trains a king to declare , the distribution is helped. Newtendency [J ] of the technical development of the lathe . The manufacturing technology in the world and market of equipment, 2001 (3): 21-28.[3]China machine tool industrial association Systematic branch of numerical control. CIMT2001 tour [J ]. The manufacturing technology in the world and market of equipment, 2001 (5): 13-17.[4]Yang XueTong, Li DongRu, He WenLi ,etc.? Numerical control lathe technical development strategic research [M ] from now to century. Beijing: State Bureau of Machinery Industries, 2000.数控技术的发展趋势摘要:简要介绍了当今世界数控技术及装备发展的趋势及我国数控装备技术发展和产业化的现状,在此基础上讨论了在我国加入WTO和对外开放进一步深化的新环境下,发展我国数控技术及装备、提高我国制造业信息化水平和国际竞争能力的重要性,并从战略和策略两个层面提出了发展我国数控技术及装备的几点看法。

数控技术发展趋势外文翻译参考文献

数控技术发展趋势外文翻译参考文献

数控技术发展趋势外文翻译参考文献(文档含中英文对照即英文原文和中文翻译)数控技术的发展趋势摘要:简要介绍了当今世界数控技术及装备发展的趋势及我国数控装备技术发展和产业化的现状,在此基础上讨论了在我国加入WTO和对外开放进一步深化的新环境下,发展我国数控技术及装备、提高我国制造业信息化水平和国际竞争能力的重要性,并从战略和策略两个层面提出了发展我国数控技术及装备的几点看法。

装备工业的技术水平和现代化程度决定着整个国民经济的水平和现代化程度,数控技术及装备是发展新兴高新技术产业和尖端工业(如信息技术及其产业、生物技术及其产业、航空、航天等国防工业产业)的使能技术和最基本的装备。

马克思曾经说过“各种经济时代的区别,不在于生产什么,而在于怎样生产,用什么劳动资料生产”。

制造技术和装备就是人类生产活动的最基本的生产资料,而数控技术又是当今先进制造技术和装备的核心技术。

当今世界各国制造业广泛采用数控技术,以提高制造能力和水平,提高对动态市场的适应能力和竞争能力。

此外,世界上各工业发达国家还将数控技术及数控装备列为国家的战略物资,不仅采取重大措施来发展自己的数控技术及其产业,而且在“高精尖”数控关键技术和装备方面对我国实行封锁和限制政策。

总之,大力发展以数控技术为核心的先进制造技术已成为世界各发达国家加速经济发展、提高综合国力和国家地位的重要途径。

数控技术是用数字信息对机械运动和工作过程进行控制的技术,数控装备是以数控技术为代表的新技术对传统制造产业和新兴制造业的渗透形成的机电一体化产品,即所谓的数字化装备,其技术范围覆盖很多领域:(1)机械制造技术;(2)信息处理、加工、传输技术;(3)自动控制技术;(4)伺服驱动技术;(5)传感器技术;(6)软件技术等。

1数控技术的发展趋势数控技术的应用不但给传统制造业带来了革命性的变化,使制造业成为工业化的象征,而且随着数控技术的不断发展和应用领域的扩大,他对国计民生的一些重要行业(IT、汽车、轻工、医疗等)的发展起着越来越重要的作用,因为这些行业所需装备的数字化已是现代发展的大趋势。

数控专业的发展前景及前景

数控专业的发展前景及前景

数控专业的发展前景及前景概述数控(Numerical Control)是指通过编程控制机床和其他设备实现自动化加工的一种技术。

随着制造业的发展,数控技术的应用越来越广泛,对于数控专业人才的需求也日益增长。

本文将探讨数控专业的发展前景及前景。

1.数控技术的广泛应用数控技术已经广泛应用于各种领域,包括航空航天、汽车制造、机械制造、电子设备制造等。

随着工业4.0时代的到来,数控技术将在制造业中扮演更为重要的角色。

数控技术的发展将带来高效、精准、智能的生产方式,提高生产效率和产品质量。

2.数控专业人才的需求随着数控技术的不断发展,对于数控专业人才的需求也日益增长。

数控专业人才不仅需要掌握机械制图、机械设计等基础知识,还需要具备编程、调试和维护数控设备的能力。

由于数控技术的特殊性,对于数控专业人才的培养要求较高,市场上对于有相关专业背景的人才的需求量大于供给量。

3.数控专业人才的发展前景就业前景:数控专业人才的就业前景广阔。

制造业是国民经济的支柱产业之一,而数控技术在制造业中的应用日益重要。

因此,数控专业人才的就业机会较多,就业率较高。

薪资待遇:数控专业人才的薪资待遇相对较高。

由于数控技术的应用范围广泛且具有一定的技术门槛,该领域的高级技术人才稀缺,因此薪资待遇较为优厚。

职业发展:数控专业人才在职业发展方面有较大的空间。

他们可以在制造业中从事产品设计、生产管理、设备研发等职位,并逐步发展成为技术主管、项目经理或者创业者。

创业机会:由于数控技术的发展,很多中小型制造企业需要数控专业人才来升级他们的生产线。

这给有一定创业意向的数控专业人才提供了创业的机会。

4.数控专业的未来发展趋势智能化:随着人工智能技术的发展,数控设备将更加智能化。

未来数控专业人才需要具备对人工智能的了解和应用能力,以提高生产效率。

个性化定制:随着人们对个性化产品需求的增加,未来数控技术将应用于个性化定制生产。

数控专业人才需要具备灵活适应不同需求的能力。

数控近年的发展趋势

数控近年的发展趋势

数控近年的发展趋势
数控(Numerical Control)技术是指通过计算机或其他数字设备控制机床进行加工的技术。

近年来,数控技术在工业制造领域取得了许多重要的发展,以下是数控近年来的主要发展趋势:
1. 高速化:随着计算机性能的提升和控制算法的优化,数控机床的加工速度不断提高。

高速数控机床能够实现更快的加工速度,提高生产效率。

2. 多轴化:传统的数控机床一般只能实现三轴(X、Y、Z)的控制,而现代数控机床可以实现多轴控制,例如五轴、六轴等,使得机床在加工复杂曲面时更加灵活和精准。

3. 智能化:数控机床逐渐智能化,通过传感器、机器视觉等技术实现自动化加工过程的监控和控制。

智能数控机床能够自动调整加工参数、识别工件零件、检测工件质量等,提高加工精度和一致性。

4. 网络化:数控机床与计算机网络的结合使得机床能够实现与其他设备、系统的联网通信,实现远程监控和远程控制。

这使得生产过程更加灵活和便捷,并为工业互联网的发展提供了基础。

5. 数据化:传感器和控制系统的发展使得数控机床能够实时采集和分析加工数据,获取加工过程中的各项参数和状态信息。

这些数据能够用于质量控制、过程
优化、故障诊断等,提高生产效率和产品质量。

6. 柔性化:柔性数控制造是指数控机床能够快速适应不同的加工任务和工件,实现生产线的柔性调度和灵活组织。

柔性数控制造能够提高生产效率和资源利用率,并满足个性化、定制化生产的需求。

总的来说,数控技术正在不断发展,趋向于高速化、多轴化、智能化、网络化、数据化和柔性化。

这些发展趋势将进一步提升数控机床的加工能力、精度和效率,推动制造业的升级和转型。

【机械专业文献翻译】数控技术1

【机械专业文献翻译】数控技术1

NC technology development trends1 NC system developments at home and abroadWith the rapid development of computer technology, the traditional beginning of a fundamental change manufacturing, the industrial developed countries spent huge sums of money on the modern manufacturing technology research and development, to create a new model. In modern manufacturing systems, CNC technology is the key to technology, which combines microelectronics, computers, information processing, automatic detection, automatic control, such as the integration of advanced, a high-precision, high-efficiency, flexible automation, and other characteristics, the manufacturing industry Flexible automation, integrated, intelligent play the pivotal role. At present, NC technology is undergoing a fundamental change, from a special closed-loop control mode togeneral-purpose real-time dynamic open all closed-loop control mode. In the integrated on the basis of the CNC systems ultra-thin, ultra-light; on the basis of the intelligent, integrated computers, multimedia, fuzzy control, neural network and other technical disciplines, NC system to achieve high-speed, high-precision, Efficient control, automatic processing can be amended to regulate compensation and the parameters for an online intelligent fault diagnosis and treatment of the network based on the CAD / CAM and CNC systems integration as one machine network, makes the central government centralized control of the group control processing.For a long time, China''s CNC system for traditional closed architecture, but only as a non-intelligent CNC machine controller. Process variables based on experience in the form of pre-fixed parameters, processing procedures before the actual processing by hand or through CAD / CAM and automatic programming system prepared. CAD / CAM and CNC have no feedback control link, the entire manufacturing process CNC is a closed ring-opening implementing agencies. In a complex and changing environment under the conditions of processing tool in the process of composition, workpiece material, spindle speed, feed rate, tool path, cutting depth, step, allowance and other processing parameters, not at the scene circumstances under external interference and real-time dynamic random factors, not by random amendment feedback control link CAD / CAM settings volume, in turn, affect the work of CNC machining efficiency and product quality. Clearly, the traditional fixed CNC system that controlled mode and closed architecture, limiting the CNC to the development of more intelligent control variables, can no longermeet the increasingly complex manufacturing process, therefore, the CNC technology in the potential for change inevitable.2 NC technology development trends2.1 Performance development direction(1) high-speed high-precision efficient speed, accuracy and efficiency of machinery manufacturing technology is the key performance indicators. As a result of the high-speedCPU chips, RISC chip, as well as multi-CPU control system with high-resolution detector of the absolute exchange digital servo system, taken at the same time improve the machine dynamic and static characteristics of effective measures, the high-speed high-precision machine has been efficient greatly enhanced.(2) Flexible includes two aspects: CNC system itself flexibility, NC system is modular in design, functional coverage, can be cut and strong, and easy to meet the needs of different users; group control system flexibility, with a control system pursuant to the requirements of different production processes, materials flow and information flow automatically dynamically adjusted to maximize their group control system performance.(3) Process of composite and multi-axis to reduce the process time for the main purpose of supporting the composite processing, and are moving towards multi-axis, multi-function control of the direction of series development. NC Machine Tool Technology composite refers to the workpiece in a single machine on a fixture, through an automatic tool change, rotating spindle head or turntable, and other measures to accomplish multiple processes, multi-surface machining compound. Axis CNC technology, Siemens 880-axis control system for up to 24 axes.(4) Real-time Intelligent early for the real-time system is usually relatively simple ideal environment, and its role is to scheduling tasks, to ensure that the task be completed within a specified time limit. And artificial intelligence is used to model the realization of mankind''s various intelligent behaviors. To the development of science and technology today, real-time systems and artificial intelligence combined with each other towards artificial intelligence is a real-time response, a more realistic field of development, and also in the real-time system with intelligent behavior, the more complex application development, resulting in the Intelligent real-time control of this new area. NC technology in the field, real-time intelligent control of the research and application of developmentalong several main branches: adaptive control, fuzzy control, neural network control, experts control, learning control, feed-forward control. For example, in CNC programming system with expert systems, fault diagnosis expert system parameters automatically set and tool management and automatic compensation, such as adaptive conditioning systems, in high-speed processing of the integrated motion control ahead of the introduction of budget projections and functional, dynamic Feedforward functions in pressure, temperature, position, velocity, control, fuzzy control, the control of the NC system performance greatly improved, so as to achieve optimal control purposes.2.2 functional development direction(1) The user interface is graphical user interface with the CNC system of dialogue between the user interface. Since different users interface requirements are different, thus the development of the workload of great user interface, user interface software developed into the most difficult part of. At present INTERNET, virtual reality, visualization in scientific computing and multimedia technologies, such as the user interface has put a higher demand. Graphical user interface greatly facilitates the use of non-professional users, it can be carried out through the window and menu operation, ease of programming and blueprint for rapid programming, three-dimensional dynamic three-dimensional color graphics, graphics, simulation, graphics, dynamic tracking and simulation, and the different directions view and partial display ratio scaling function can be achieved.(2) visualization in scientific computing visualization in scientific computing can be used for efficient data processing and interpretation of data, so that the exchange of information is no longer limited to using the written word and language, and can direct the use of graphics, image, animation, video and other information. Visualization technology and virtual environment technology, to further broaden the application areas, such as a drawing design, virtual prototyping technology, which shorten product design cycles, improving product quality, reduce production cost is of great significance. NC technology in the areas of visualization technology can be used for CAD / CAM, such as automatic programming design parameters automatically set, tool compensation and tool management of dynamic data processing and display, as well as the processing of visual simulation, and other presentations.(3) interpolation, and a variety of methods of compensation interpolation methods such as multiple linear interpolation, circular interpolation, cylindrical interpolation, spaceelliptical surface interpolation, thread interpolation, polar coordinates interpolation, 2 D +2 helical interpolation , NANO interpolation, interpolation NURBS (non-uniform rationalB-spline interpolation), spline interpolation (A, B, C kind), such as polynomial interpolation.A variety of functions such as compensation gap compensation vertical compensation quadrant error compensation, and measurement systems pitch error compensation, and speed-related feedforward compensation and temperature compensation, with nearly smooth and exit, as well as the opposite point of the cutter radius compensation.(4) high-performance PLC contents contents performance CNC system PLC control module can be directly used ladder diagram or high-level language programming, with intuitive online debugging and online help function. Programming tools include the standard used lathe and milling machine PLC user program an example, users may PLC user program standards on the basis of editorial changes, thus easily build their own applications.(5) application of multimedia technology of multimedia technology-computers, audio-visual and communication technology, and it has the computer integrated voice, text, images and video information. In NC technology, multimedia technology can be applied to information processing integrated, intelligent, real-time monitoring system in the field and production equipment fault diagnosis, monitoring of process parameters such as production has a significant value.2.3 Development of the Architecture(1) integration of a highly integrated CPU, programmable RISC chips and large-scale integrated circuits FPGA, EPLD, CPLD and ASIC ASIC chips that can improve the CNC system integration and hardware and software operating speed. Application FPD flat panel display technology can improve display performance. Flat-panel displays with high science and technology content, light weight, small size, low power consumption and portability advantages can be realized Supersized, a counterweight to the emerging and CRT display technology, display technology in the 21st century the mainstream. Application of advanced packaging and interconnect technologies, semiconductors and surface mount technology integration. By increasing the density of integrated circuits, reducing the length and number of interconnection products to reduce prices, improve performance, reduce component size, improve the reliability of the system.(2) easy to implement modular hardware modular NC systems integration and standardization. According to various functional requirements, the basic modules, such as CPU, memory, position servo, PLC, the input and output interfaces, and communications modules, making the standard Series products, through functional building-block approach to cutting the number of steps and modules, a NC system at different grades.(3) machine interconnection network for remote control of unmanned operation. Machine through networking, can be in any one machine on the other machine programming, configuration, operation, operating, different machine can be displayed on the screen each machine on the screen.(4) general-open the closed-loop control mode to adopt a common computer component Bus, modular, open, embedded architecture, ease of cutting, expansion and upgrading, can be composed of different grades, different types, different degree of integration CNC system. Closed-loop control mode is the traditional CNC system only for single closed-open-loop control mode proposed. The manufacturing process is a multi-variable control and the role of integrated processing complex process, including processing, such as size, shape, vibration, noise, temperature and thermal deformation, and other factors, therefore, to achieve the process of multi-objective optimization, Multivariable must adopt the closed-loop control, real-time processing in the dynamic adjustment process variables. Processing the adoption of open universal real-time closed-loop control mode the whole dynamic, easy real-time intelligent computer technology, network technology, multimedia technology, CAD / CAM, servo control, adaptive control, dynamic data management and dynamic tool compensation, dynamic simulation and other high technology into one, a tight closed-loop manufacturing process control system to achieve integrated, intelligent, network-based.3 PCNC new generation of intelligent CNC systemResearch and Development adapted to the current complexity of the manufacturing process, with the structure of the closed-loop control system, a new generation of intelligent PCNC CNC system has become possible. PCNC NC intelligent system will be a new generation of intelligent computer technology, network technology, CAD / CAM, servo control, adaptive control, dynamic data management and dynamic tool compensation, dynamic simulation and other high technology into one, a tight closure of the manufacturing process Central control system.。

数控专业中英文翻译

数控专业中英文翻译

Intelligent Open CNC TechnologyI. Technical OverviewIndustrial countries around the world through the development of CNC technology, a CNC machine tool industry, prompting machinery industry entered a new "modern" stage of historical development, and thus the structure of the national economy has brought great changes. CNC machine tools is not only an important basis for mechanical and electrical industrial equipment, automotive, petrochemical, electronics and other pillar industries, the primary means of production modernization, NC is the third industrial revolution the world is an important content. Output of CNC machine tool industry itself far less automobile, chemical and other industries, but thehigh-performance CNC machine tools to the manufacturing industry has brought the benefits of the high rate of production growth and modernization is to promote national economic development of the huge source of power. In particular, numerical control technology in the manufacturing sector expansion and extension of the role and the resulting ripple effect of radiation on the mechanical manufacturing industry sufficient structure, product structure, specialized division of labor, machining methods and management models, the production of social division of labor, business operational mechanism of profound change.In CNC machine tools are widely used in the numerical control technology, is a machining process using computer control information in a variety of digital computing, processing, and high-performance drive units through the implementation of mechanical components for automatic control of high-tech. The current equipment has been used a lot of CNC machining technology, the most typical and most widespread is the application of CNC machine tools. The machining process of the diversity and complexity of machining parts, CNC machine tools to the specifications, types and properties very different from the complexity of the control parameters, debugging complicated operation, so in general will continue the rapid development of computer technology and its architecture , the modern automatic control theory and modern technology to a new generation of power electronics CNC machine tools, we should emphasize them with "open" and "intelligent" features.1. "Open"Requires a new generation of CNC machine tool control system is an open, modular architecture, its features are: Modular elements in the realization of the system at the same time, there should be standardized between these elements can be provided by the different elements of the buyer free to combine, which can easily constitute a complete system. As follows:--- Elements of the system should be modular, while the interface between the modules must be standardized;--- System software, hardware configuration should be "transparent", "portable";--- System should have the "continuous upgrade" capability.At the same time the mechanical structure of a new generation of CNC machine tools also should be open, should be characterized by:--- Function module components using the machine;--- A "technology plan", "processing database" to users;--- Use of "information technology" will be a reasonable allocation of social resources, manufacturing machinery manufacturing industry gradually establish a perfect virtualization and network-based advanced manufacturing systems, machinery manufacturing resources to be used efficiently, to reduce costs, improve quality, the purpose of reducing manufacturing cycle.2. IntelligentThe so-called intelligent control system, is smart with anthropomorphic features, the numerical control system with simulation, extension, expansion of the intelligent behavior of the knowledge processing activities, such asself-learning, adaptive, self-organization, self-optimizing, Zi calm,self-recognition from planning, self-healing, self-reproduction. Through the intelligent CNC machining accuracy and efficiency of physical testing, modeling, feature extraction, processing system automatically senses the internal state and external environment, to quickly make the best goal of the intelligent decision-making, feed rate, cutting depth , coordinate movement, spindle speed and other parameters in real-time control, so that the processing machine at its best.The current NC system functionality required not only high performance (high-speed, high precision and high reliability), but also includes many smart features, such as the processing of motion planning, reasoning,decision-making ability and perception processing environment, manufacturing, network communication capacity (including the interaction with others), intelligent programming, intelligent databases, intelligent surveillance.Practice has proved that these "intelligent" technology, also used in the 21st century, the adjustment of a new generation of CNC machine tools, use and maintenance of all aspects, so that human intervention greatly simplified, to apply "smart" technology, human machine interface for packaging, to make full use of natural language, artificial Windows interface and simple operation, so that adjustment of the machine, use and maintenance tends to be "fool."Second, the status quo and development trend of domestic and foreign1. Overseas DevelopmentThroughout the history of the development of numerical control technology, is easy to see the development of numerical control technology step through the development of computer technology continues to develop, from 1956 to the present, has gone through four stages as follows:In 1956 -1974, the era of proprietary hardware NC;1975 -1989, the special computer numerical control era, that era of the microprocessor NC (μ PC);In 1990 -1995, BASIC PC's CNC times;Since 1996, started the whole PC open a new stage of intelligent CNC.The first three stages of the NC devices there are the following limitations: --- Not free to select the information from the information network;--- Not open architecture, user interface imperfections, machinery manufacturers and users can not independently numerical control system according to crop needs, the user's own technical know-how is not easy to integrate into, and create their own brand names;--- Can not fully utilize the existing resources of common software;--- Can not be free access to the external condition information;--- Architecture many, is not conducive to mass production, improve reliability and reduce costs, reduce the market supply capacity and competitiveness, while limiting the development of numerical control technology.In recent years the United States, the European Community, Japan and other countries have taken measures, a lot of money, the joint of the plant, or even more countries to study a new generation of numerical control systems, from the foregoing information, the world is in the NC Technology All PC CNC open architecture platform, turning the era, the turn is adapted to computer technology, information technology, network technology, the inevitable result of technological development.As modern machinery industry gradually to flexible, integrated, intelligent direction, so must be stressed that a new generation of numerical control technology to have an open and intelligent features. Developed countries have taken measures in recent years, lots of manpower and financial resources to organize a new generation of superior forces and open architecture CNC with intelligent features technology development and research, including the United States of NGC and OMAC plan, the EC OSACA plan, OSEC plans.CNC machine tool mechanical structure is more inclined to "open", to meet the diverse needs of the modern machinery for processing, a new generation of CNC machine tools has the following characteristics:(1) according to the modular machine structure, the principles of design and manufacturing series in order to shorten lead times, best meet the needs of the user's process.(2) As many parts of NC machine tool quality indicators continue to improve, gradually increase the variety of specifications, a more substantial mechanical and electrical integration, functional parameters of the increasingly numerous and so dedicated to supporting a variety of CNC machine features are fully commercialized, to build a competitive machine tool plant created the conditions.(3) to the users, CNC Machine Tool Plant of the developed countries areactively building completely open product sales service system. Part to establish an open laboratory, establishment of self-service CNC machine operator and maintenance training center.(4) using information network technology to a variety of manufacturing resources in society were based on the rational combination of processing tasks and call the 21st century advanced manufacturing technology development trend, the world's countries are active in research in this area.(5) artificial intelligence technology in the promotion and application of CNC technology. With the continued penetration in the computer field of artificial intelligence and development of the intelligent CNC system development. In the new generation of CNC system and servo devices, the use of "evolutionary computation" (Evolutionary Computation), "Fuzzy Systems" (Fuzzy System) and "neural networks" (Neural Network) and other three new control mechanism, the performance greatly increased. This high-performance intelligent CNC system not only has the automatic programming, feedforward control, adaptive cutting, self-generating process parameters, motion parameters of dynamic compensation and other functions, more features are taken into account operational factors used in the very present friendly interface.The current principle of fuzzy control systems, and CNC EDM with aself-learning, self-established mathematical model, high-performanceself-tuning parameters of the servo drive CNC machine tools and existing products in the market with a strong competitive edge.2. Current Situation and Development of numerical control technology gap China's CNC technology, in the "Eighth Five-Year" key in order to seize the opportunity to own the copyright for the proposed target to platform-based development strategy, but also in the research process, aiming or adjustment to the development of PC-based route , and thus the formation of two platforms, developed four basic systems, central China and the ChineseI-I-NC-specific template is embedded into a single general-purpose PC NC system bodies, space and the blue sky I-I-is embedded in the PC, being composed of CNC multi-machine CNC system, the formation of the typical structure of front, the domestic unit also has developed other open architecture system.However, in general terms, but only at the initial stage, although different systems direction to the PC platform, but in the concrete implementation of the development there are still some problems. The biggest problem that is open enough, lack of development environment and support measures, as a user easily to the secondary development of the degree of openness is far from being reached, but has considerable technical force of the developer to use, and as able to spread to the general extent of users is not enough.Design by PC-NC system makes CNC's focus from hardware to software, to eliminate the development of the CNC hardware "bottlenecks", which could accelerate the production of useful products. And PC-NC, after all, so that theopen architecture CNC a big step.In the design and manufacture of CNC machine tools, China has started a modular technology, the CNC machining process parameters, tools, system optimization, intelligent adaptive control have been studied, the intelligent control of it lay the foundation for further study, But the work is only the beginning, still in the "fifth" during a series of research and development work, tracking the world's digital technology, to promote the development of numerical control industry.Third, the "fifth" major research objectives and1. TargetIn order to further improve China's CNC technology, CNC machine tools industry, the Chinese can get a place in the international competition, China's development strategy of numerical control technology, in conjunction with the characteristics of China's economic development, first with "open", "intelligent" features CNC technology for innovative research, to focus on CNC turning, milling, grinding and processing power on the basis of advanced manufacturing technologies and processes, and then develop a generation of "open", "intelligent" CNC lathes, CNC milling machine (including the processing center) and CNC EDM products.2. Main content①Development of a new generation of open CNC system. Construction of open CNC system, interface and protocol research, including research systems, subsystems and functional modules hierarchical control structure, open CNC system interface and the Protocol.②a new generation of intelligent CNC system. Developed and worked out for turning, milling, machining centers, electrical generation of intelligent processing, and other basic computer numerical control system and the corresponding intelligent programming system. Including research and development of intelligent CNC system hardware, software specification and implementation in the main production base of CNC; development of two common systems (turning, machining centers) three applications (turning centers, five-sided machining centers, intelligent power processing ); intelligent programming system.③spindle and servo-drive a new generation of innovative research and development work out the corresponding high-performance servo drives and motors, including self-learning, self-tuning parameters, all-digital, low-cost type of linear motor and drive.④Development of efficient numerical control equipment. According to the principles of modular design, developed a highly efficient processing unit, developed a highly efficient CNC milling machine, crankshaft grinder, laser forming, CNC machining centers and integrated high-speed engraving and milling machines and other highly efficient CNC machine tools, and furtherdeveloped the idea and design platform for intelligent and efficient processing unit robot flexible manufacturing cell.⑤common basis for a new generation of flexible manufacturing equipment, technology and research. Various types of CNC machine tools including the new module design, reliability, design, mechanical design optimization of structural characteristics, computer-aided industrial design, new materials and a sense of control compensation, integrated precision contour compensation technology, high-speed high-precision axis unit, tool and integrated tool system, handling and transmission, cooling and protective, functional integration, a sense of control of integrated manufacturing and processing technologies.⑥machining theory and method of flexible automation. Including the commercialization of flexible manufacturing cell, quasi-practical flexible manufacturing system, flexible multi-standard processing techniques,multi-format production unit of flexible manufacturing technology.mon basis for a new generation of flexible manufacturing equipment, technology and research. Various types of CNC machine tools including the new module design, reliability, design, mechanical design optimization of structural characteristics, computer-aided industrial design, new materials and a sense of control compensation, integrated precision contour compensation technology, high-speed high-precision axis unit, tool and integrated tool system, handling and transmission, cooling and protective, functional integration, a sense of control of integrated manufacturing and processing technologies.8.machining theory and method of flexible automation. Including the commercialization of flexible manufacturing cell, quasi-practical flexible manufacturing system, flexible multi-standard processing techniques,multi-format production unit of flexible manufacturing technology.开放式智能化数控技术一、技术概述世界各工业发达国家通过发展数控技术、建立数控机床产业,促使机械加工业跨入一个新的“现代化”的历史发展阶段,从而给国民经济的结构带来了巨大的变化。

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The development trend of the numerical control technology The engineering level of equipment industry and modernized intensity are determining the level of the whole national economy and modernized intensity , numerical control technology and equip , develop new developing new high-tech industry and most advanced industry To can make technology and basic equipment most (national defense industry industries , such as information technology and their industry , biotechnology , industry , aviation , spaceflight ,etc. ). Marx has ever said " the differences of different economic times, do not lie in what is produced, lie in how produce, with what means of labor produce ". Manufacturing technology and equipping the most basic means of production that are that the mankind produced the activity, and numerical control technology to equip most central technology. Nowadays the manufacturing industry all around the world adopts the technology of numerical control extensively; in order to improve manufacturing capacity and level, improve the adaptive capacity and competitive power to the changeable market of the trends. In addition every industrially developed country in the world also classifies the technology and numerical control equipment of numerical control as the strategic materials of the country, not merely take the great measure to develop one''s own numerical control technology and industry, and implement blockading and restrictive policy to our country in " high-grade, precision and advanced " key technology and equipment of numerical control. In a word, develop taking technology of numerical control as the core advanced manufacturing technology become world all developed country; accelerate economic development already in a more cost-effective manner, important route to improve the comprehensive national strength and national position.Numerical control technology to go on technology that control with digital information to mechanical movement and working course, numerical control equipment whether represented by technology of numerical control new technology make industry and new developing infiltration electromechanics integrated product that form of manufacturing industry to tradition, i.e. what is called digitization equip, its technological range covers a lot of fields: (1)Mechanical manufacturing technology;(2)Information processing , processing , transmission technology; (3)Automatic control technology; (4)Servo drive technology; (5)Transducer technology; (6)Software engineering ,etc..1 Development trend of a numerical control technologyThe application of the technology of numerical control has not only brought the revolutionary change to traditional manufacturing industry, make the manufacturing industry become the industrialized symbol , and with the constant development of the technology of numerical control and enlargement of application, the development of he some important trades (IT , car , light industry , medical treatment ,etc. ) to the national economy and the people''s livelihood plays a more and more important role, because these trade necessary digitization that equipped has already been the main trend of modern development. According to the technology of numerical control and equipment development trend in the world at present, its main research focus has the following several respect [1~4].1.1 A high-speed , high finish machining technology and new trend equippedEfficiency, quality are subjects of the advanced manufacturing technology. At a high speed, high finish machining technology can raise the efficiency greatly, quality and grade to raise product, shorten production cycle and improve the competitive power of market. Japan carry technological research association classify their as one of the 5 loud modern manufacturing technologies first for this reason, learn (CIRP ) to confirm it as the centre in the 21st century to study one of the directions in international production engineering. In the field of car industry, produce 40 second when beat such as production of 300,000 / vehicle per year, and many variety process it is car that equip one of the key problems that must be solved; In the fields of aviation and aerospace industry, its processing''s spare parts are mostly the thin wall and thin muscle, rigidity very bad, material aluminum or aluminum alloy, in high to cut pace and cut strength very under the little situation only, could process these muscles, walls. Adopt large-scale whole aluminium alloy blank method of " pay empty " make the wing recently, large-scale parts such as the fuselage ,etc. come to substitute a lot of parts to assemble through numerous rivet , screw and other connection ways, make theintensity , rigidity and dependability of the component improved. All these requirement for processing and equipping and proposing high-speed , high and precise and high flexibility.According to EMO2001 exhibition situation, the high-speed machining center enters for the pace to can reach 80m/min, even high; air transport competent pace can reach 100m/min about. A lot of car factories in the world at present, including Shanghai General Motors Corporation of our country, adopt, substitute and make the lathe up with high-speed machining center production line part that make up already. HyperMach lathe of Company , CINCINNATI of U.S.A. , enter , give pace to be most loud to reach 60m/min, it is 100m/min to be fast, acceleration reach 2g, the rotational speed of the main shaft has already reached 60 000r/min. Processing a thin wall of plane parts, spend 30min only, and same part general at a high speed milling machine process and take 3h, process and need 8h with ordinary milling machine; The paces and acceleration of main shaft of dual main shaft lathes of Germany DMG Company reach 12* separately! 000r/mm and 1g. In machining accuracy, in the past 10 years, ordinary progression has accused of the machining accuracy of the lathe to already improve from 10μm to 5μm, accurate grades of machining center from 3- 5μm, raise to 1- 1.5μm, and ultraprecision machining accuracy begin , enter getting nanometer already.In machining accuracy, the past 10 years, ordinary progression accuse of machining accuracy of lathe raise to 5μm , from 3- 5μm accurate grades of machining center from 10μm already, improve to 1- 1.5μm, and the ultraprecision machining accuracy has already begun to enter nanometer (0.01μm )ly. In dependability, MTBF value of the foreign numerical control device has already reached above 6 000h, MTBF value of the servo system reaches above 30000h, demonstrate very high dependability . For realize at a high speed , high finish machining, related to it function part if electric main shaft , straight line electrical machinery get fast development, the application is further expanded .1.2 5 axles link and process and compound and process the lathe to develop fastAdopt 5 axle link , to three-dimensional curved surface processing of part , cancut with the best geometirc form of the cutter, not only highly polished, but also efficiency is improved by a large margin . It is generally acknowledged , a 5 axle gear beds of efficiency can equal 2 3 axle gear beds , use cubic nitrogen boron wait ultra hard material milling cutter go on at a high speed milling , sharpening , quenching hard steel at the part, 5 axle link , process constant 3 axle link , process , give play to high benefit. But go over because 5 axles link the numerical control system , complicated reason of host computer structure, price its link numerical control to be lathe several times higher than 3 axle, in addition programming technological difficulty relatively heavy , have restricted 5 axle gear beds of development. At present because of electric appearance of main shaft, make , realize 5 axle compound main shaft hair structure processed to link greatly simplify, it make difficulty and cost reduce by a large margin , numerical control price disparity of systems shrink. So promote compound main shaft head type 5 axle gear bed and compound development to process lathe (process the lathe including 5 ).At EMO2001 exhibition, new Japanese 5 of worker machine process lathe adopt compound main shaft hair, can realize 4 processing and arbitrary processing of angle of vertical plane, make 5 process and 5 axles are processed and can be realized at the same lathe, can also realize the inclined plane and pour the processing of the hole of awls . Company , DMG of Germany , exhibit DMUV oution series machining center , can put , insert , down 5 process and 5 axes link and process in one, can be controlled by CNC system or CAD/CAM controls directly or indirectly.1.3 intellectualizations, open style, the network turns into for the contemporary numerical control system development mainly hastensThe 21st century numerical control equipments will be has certain intellectualized the system, the intellectualized content including in numerical control system each aspect: In order to pursue the processing efficiency and the processing quality aspect intellectualization, like processing process adaptive control, craft parameter automatic production; In order to enhance the actuation performance and the use connection convenient intellectualization, like the feed-forward control, the electrical machinery parameter auto-adapted operation, the automatic diagnosis loadautomatic designation model, is automatic entire grades; Simplification programming, simplification operation aspect intellectualization, like intellectualized automatic programming, intellectualized man-machine contact surface and so on; Also has the intelligence to diagnose, the intelligent monitoring aspect content, the convenience system diagnosis and the service and so on.In order to solve the traditional numerical control system seal and the numerical control application software industry production existence question. At present many countries conduct the research to the open style numerical control system, like US''S NGC (The Next Generation Work-Station/Machine Control), European Economic Community''s OSACA (Open System Architecture for Control within Automation Systems), Japan''s OSEC (Open System Environment for Controller), China''s ONC (Open Numerical Control System) and so on. The numerical control system will open already becomes the numerical control system road of the future. The so-called open style numerical control system is the numerical control system development may in the unified movement platform, face the engine bed factory and the end-user, through the change, the increase or the tailor structure object (numerical control function), forms the seriation, and may conveniently integrates user''s special application and the technical knack in the control system, the fast realization different variety, the different scale open style numerical control system, forms has the bright individuality famous brand goods. At present the open style numerical control system system structure standard, the correspondence standard, the disposition standard, the movement platform, the numerical control system function storehouse as well as the numerical control system function software development kit and so on is the current research core.The network numerical control equipment is a nearly two year international famous engine beds expositions new luminescent spot. The numerical control equipment network enormously will satisfy the production line, the manufacture system, the manufacture enterprise to the information integration demand, also will be realizes new manufacture pattern like agile manufacture, hypothesized enterprise, the global manufacture foundation unit. The domestic and foreign some famous numericalcontrols engine bed and the numerical control system manufacture company has all promoted the related new concept and the prototype in the nearly two years, if unfolds in EMO2001, Japanese Shan Qima Mazak the company displays "CyberProduction Center" (intelligence production control center, is called CPC); Japan is Okuma the engine bed company to display "IT plaza" (information technology square, is called the IT square); German Simens (Siemens) the company displays Open Manufacturing Environment (opening manufacture environment, is called OME) and so on, had reflected the numerical control engine bed processing the tendency which develops to the network direction1.4 takes the new technical standard, the standard establishment1.4.1 about numerical control system design development gaugeAs noted previously, there are better commonability , flexibility , adaptability , expanding in the open numerical control system, countries such as U.S.A. , European Community and Japan ,etc. implement the strategic development plan one after another , carry on research and formulation of the systematic norm of structural numerical control of the open system (OMAC , OSACA , OSEC ), 3 of world heavy economy carry on the same science plan and standardize formulation nearly in a short time most, have indicated a new arrival of period of change of the technology of numerical control. Our country started research and formulation which standardized the frame of ONC numerical control system of China too in 2000.1.4.2 About the numerical control standardThe numerical control standard is a kind of trend of information-based development of manufacturing industry. Numerical control technology information exchange of 50 year born , to based on ISO6983 standard, adopt G , M code describes how processes, its essential characteristic faces the processing course, obviously, he can''t meet demands of high-speed development of the technology of modern numerical control more and more already. For this reason, studying and making a kind of new CNC system standard ISO14649 (STEP-NC ) in the world, its purpose is offering a kind of neutral mechanism not depending on the concrete system , can describe the unified data model in whole lifespan of the products , thus realize thewhole manufacture process, and even the standardization of each industrial field product information.The appearance of STEP-NC may be a revolution of the technical field of the numerical control, on development and even the whole manufacturing industry of the technology of numerical control , will exert a far-reaching influence. First of all, STEP-NC puts forward a kind of brand-new manufacture idea , in the traditional manufacture idea, NC processes the procedures to all concentrate on single computer. Under the new standard, NC procedure can be dispersed on Internet, this is exactly a direction of open , networked development of technology of numerical control. Secondly, STEP-NC numerical control system also can reduce , process (about 75% ) drawing , process procedure work out (about 35% ) time and process (about 50% ) time greatly.At present, American-European countries pay much attention to the research of STEP-NC, Europe initiates IMS plan (1999.1.1- 2001.12.3 ) of STEP-NC. 20 CAD/CAM/CAPP/CNC users , manufacturers and academic organizations from Europe and Japan participated in this plan. STEP Tools Company of U.S.A. is a developer of the data interchange software of manufacturing industry in the global range, he has already developed and accused of the super model (Super Model ) of information exchange of machine tooling by counting, its goal is to describe all processing courses with the unified norm. Such new data interchange form has already been verified in allocating the SIEMENS , FIDIA and European OSACA-NC numerical control at present.2 pairs of basic estimations of technology and industry development of numerical control of our countryThe technology of numerical control of our country started in 1958, the development course in the past 50 years can roughly be divided into 3 stages: The first stage is from 1958 to 1979, i.e. closed developing stage. In this stages, technology of foreign countries blockade and basic restriction of terms of our country, the development of the technology of numerical control is comparatively slow. During " Sixth Five-Year Plan Period " , " the Seventh Five-Year Plan Period " of the country in second stage andearlier stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period ", introduce technology , digest and assimilate, the stage of establishing the system of production domesticization arisesing tentatively. At this stage , because of reform and opening-up and national attention , and study the improvement of the development environment and international environment, research , development and all making considerable progress in production domesticization of the products of the technology of numerical control of our country. The third stage is that on the later stage in " the Eighth Five-Year Plan Period " of the country and during the " Ninth Five-Year Plan Period ", implement the research of industrialization , enter market competition stage. At this stage, made substantive progress in industrialization of the domestic numerical control equipment of our country. In " the Ninth Five-Year Plan " latter stage, domestic numerical control domestic market share of lathe reach 50% , mix domestic numerical control system (popular ) to up to 10%.Review the development course in the past 50 years of technology of numerical control of our country, especially pass the brainstorm of 4 Five-Year Plans, all in all has made following achievements.a. Have establish the foundation of the technical development of numerical control, has basically mastered the technology of modern numerical control. Our country know from numerical control system , servo urge , numerical control host computer , special plane and their basic of fittings basically already now, among them most technology have already possessed the foundation that is commercialized and developed , some technology has already, industrialization commercialized.a.Have formed the industrial base of numerical control tentatively. In tackling key problems the foundation that the achievement and some technology commercialize , set up the systematic factories of numerical control with production capacity of batch such as numerical control of Central China , spaceflight numerical control etc.. Electrical machinery plant of Lanzhou, a batch of servo systems and first machine tool plant , first machine tool plant of Jinan of servo electrical machinery factory and Beijing ,etc. several numerical control host computer factories such as the numerical control in Central China. These factories have basically formed thenumerical control industrial base of our country.b.Have set up research of a numerical control, development , managerial talent''s basic team . Though has made considerable progress in research and development and industrialization of the technology of numerical control, but we will realize soberly, the research and development of the technology of advanced numerical control of our country, there is greater disparity between current situation and current demand of our country of engineering level especially in industrialization. Though very fast from longitudinal development to watch our country, horizontal until (contrast with foreign countries ) , the engineering level has disparity, there is disparity too in development speed in some aspects, i.e. the disparity of engineering level between some high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control equipment has the tendency to expand . Watch from world , estimate roughly as follows about the numerical control engineering level of our country and industrialization level.a.On the engineering level, in probably backward 10- 1 years with the advanced level in foreign countries, it is bigger in high-quality precision and sophisticated technology.b.At the industrialization level, the market share is low, the variety coverage rate is low, have not formed the large-scale production yet; Function part specialized level of production and form a complete set ability to be lower; Appearance quality is relatively poor; Dependability is not high, the commercialized intensity is insufficient; Not setting up one''s own brand effect yet in domestic numerical control system, users have insufficient confidence.c.At the ability of sustainable development, to competition numerical control research and development of technology, engineered ability weaker; Numerical control technological application expand efforts to be better; The research , formulation that relevant standards are normal lags behind.It is analyzed that the main reason for having disparity described above has the following several respect.a.Realize the respect. Know to domestic numerical control industry process arduousness , complexity and long-term characteristic insufficiently; One that is tomarket unstandard, foreign blockade add strangle , system ,etc. underestimate while being difficult; It is not enough to analyze to technological application level and ability of numerical control of our country.b.System. Pay close attention to numerical control industrialization many in the issue , consider numerical control industrialization little in the issue synthetically in terms of the systematic one , industry chain in terms of technology; Set up intact related system , complete training , service network ,etc. of high quality support the system.c.Mechanism. The bad mechanism causes the brain drain , restraining technology and technological route from innovating again , products innovation, and has restricted the effective implementation of planning , has often planned the ideal , implement the difficulty.d.Technology. Enterprises are indifferent in autonomous innovation in technology, key technology is engineered and indifferent. Lathe standard lag behind, level relatively low, numerical control system new standard study enoughly.3 strategic thinking until technology and industrialization of numerical control of our country develop3.1 Strategic considerationOur country of strategic consideration makes the big country , should try hard to accept the front instead of the back transformation in the world industry shifts , should master and make key technology advancedly , otherwise in a new round of international industrial structure adjustment, of our country manufacturing industry step forward " the empty core ". We regard resource , environment , market as cost, possibility got to exchange " assemble the centre ", but not master the status of the manufacturing center of key technology , will so influence the development process of the modern manufacturing industry of our country seriously.We should stand in the height of national security strategy paying attention to the technology of numerical control and industry''s question , at first seen from social safety, because manufacturing industry whether our country obtain employment most populous trade, the development of manufacturing industry not only can improve thepeople''s living standard but also can relieve the pressure of employment of our country , ensure the stability of the society; Secondly seen from security of national defence, the western developed country has classified all the high-grade , precision and advanced numerical control products as the strategic materials of the country, realize embargo and restriction to our country, " Toshiba incident " and " Cox Report " is the best illustration.3.2 Development tacticsProceed from the angles of the fundamental realities of the country of our country, regard the strategic demand of the country and market demand of the national economy as the direction, regard improving our country and making the comprehensive competitive power of equipping industry and industrialization level as the goal, use the systematic method , be able to choose the support technology that the initial our country makes the key technology upgraded in development of equipping industry and supports the development of industrialization in 21st century of leading factor, the ability to supply the necessary technology realizes making the jump type development of the equipping industry as the content of research and development.Emphasize market demand is a direction, take terminal products of numerical control as the core , with the complete machine (Such as the numerical control lathe having a large capacity and a wide range, milling machine , high speed high precise high-performance numerical control lathe , model digitized machinery , key industry key equipment ,etc. ) drive numerical control development of industry. Solve the numerical control system and relevant functions part especially The dependability in (digitized servo system and electrical machinery , electric main shaft system of high speed and new attachment that equip ,etc. ) and production scale question. There are no products without high dependability of scale ; Will not have cheap and products rich in the competitiveness without scale ; Certainly, it is difficult finally to have the day to hold up head that there is no Chinese numerical control equipment of scale .In equipping researching and developing high-grade , precision and advancedly , should emphasize the production, learning and research and close combination of end user, regard " obtaining, using, selling " as the goal, tackle key problems according tothe national will, in order to solve the needing badly of the country. The technology of numerical control, emphasized innovation, put emphasis on researching and developing technology and products with independent intellectual property right before the competition, establish the foundation for the numerical control industry of our country , sustainable development of the equipment manufacture and even the whole manufacturing industry.中文译文数控技术的发展趋势装备工业的技术水平和现代化程度决定着整个国民经济的水平和现代化程度,数控技术及装备是发展新兴高新技术产业和尖端工业(如信息技术及其产业、生物技术及其产业、航空、航天等国防工业产业)的使能技术和最基本的装备。

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