化学专业英语试卷
大学化学化工专业《英语》期末考试试卷含参考答案
大学化学化工专业《英语》期末考试试卷含参考答案1. state-of-the-industry 中文：工业发展水平（1分）2. alkyl ether sulfate中文：烷基醚硫酸盐（酯）（1.5分）3. W/O 英文： water in oil，(oil emulsion) ；中文：油乳胶（油包水）（1.5分）4. 2,6-Dimethy-2,7-octadien-6-ol 画出结构式：（4分）5. The inherent tendency of the whole or a part of a molecule to pass out of or not to penetrate into a water phase.英文： Hydrophoby ；中文：疏水性（亲油性） (1.5分) 6. A substance which, when introduced in a liquid, increases its wetting tendency.英文： Wetting agent ；中文：润湿剂 (1.5分)7. The process by which soil is dislodged from the substrate and bought into a state of solution or dispersion.英文： Detergency ；中文：去污性（力） (1.5分)8. An attribute which is related to benefit not directly but through association or suggestion.英文： Signal attribute ；中文：信号属性 (1.5分) 9. A colorless gas with a characteristic pungent odor, consisting of nitrogen and hydrogen.英文： ammonia ；中文：氨气 (2分)10. A chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom.英文： Carbon dioxide ；中文：二氧化碳 (2分)11. A chemical element with atomic number 9, it is the lightest halogen.英文： Fluorine ；中文：氟 (2分)12. KH2PO4 Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (2分)13. ZnSO4·7H2O Zinc sulfate hept(a)hydrate (2分)14.3-methyl-2-ethyl(-1-)butene (3-methyl-2-ethyl but-1-ene) (3.5分)15.4-(1-ethyl-butayl)-5-hydroxy-2-hexayne-1-al (7.5分) 16. A good example of such a versatile attribute is fragrance. (2分)译文：这样一个多功能属性的好例子就是香味。
化学化工专业英语试卷
黄淮学院化学化工系2012-2013学年度第二学期期末考试《专业英语》A 卷1. octane ：2. decyl ：3. butanol ：4. hexene ：5. heptyl aldehyde ：6. oxyacid ：7. aliphatic compound ： 8. oxidation reaction ： 9. organic chemistry ： 10.transition element ： 11. orbital electron： 12.solubilizer ： 13.quantative analysis ： 14.negative charge ： 15.carbonate ： 16.surfactant ： 17.docosane hectane ： 18.alkane ：19.sodium hydroxide ： 20.chloride ： 1. 酮：2.乙氧基化物：3. 键角：4. 热力学函数：5. 同系列：6. 甲苯：7. 构象异构：8. 14烷：9. CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2CH 2-： 10.电离能： 1．Progress in the so-called “active ingredients ”, which enhance and extent this cosmetic effect measurably, is large enough area to merit another separate aritcle.2．In contrast to inorganic compounds, the molecular attraction of organic compounds is weak, so organic compounds are usually volatile and possess low melting points.3．Benzene can undergo the typical substitution reactions of halogenation,一、 Write the Chinese name for each of the following （每小题1分，共20分）二、 Write the English name for each of the following（每小题1分，共10分）三、 Translate the following sentences into Chinese （每小题3分,共30分）nitration, sulphonation and Friedel-Crafts reaction.4．Evaporation is conducted by vaporizing a portion of the solvent to produce a concentrated solution or thick liquor.5．The presence of a substituent group in benzene exerts a profound control over both orientation and the ease of introduction of the entering substituent.6．The functional group of a ketone consists of a carbon atom connected by a double bond to an oxygen atom.7．At equilibrium, these two rate are equal; cupric ion is still reacting with ammonia molecules to form the complex, and the complex is still decomposing, but just as much cupric ammonia complex is being decomposed in unit time as is being formed.8．The reaction of an acid chloride with an amine is used commercially in the manufacture of the very important range of semi-synthetic penicilings,first produced by the Beechan Group in 1959.9．Thus satisfactory binding propertise are essential for trouble-free compression and the production of good quality cakes over long manufacturing periods.10．The synthesis of organic compounds involves conversion of availablesubstances of known structure, through a sequence of particular, controlled chemical reactions, into other compounds bearing a desired molecular structure.The active ingredients were identified in the unsaponifiable fraction of this vegetable product. After solvent extraction and drying, the pure unsaponifiables are obtained in the form of a waxy solid. This waxy solid is then redissolved in untreated shea butter to increase the unsaponifiable content and thus lead to the unsaponifiable shea butter concentrate. Used in cosmetics at levels of up to 2%,it provides excellent protection against sunlight and skin dryness.Another example is the extract of the kola nut, known for its anti-irritant properties. As available in the market, it has an objectionable color and odor . At Estee Lauder, we analyzed and separated its constituents, identified the individual components with anti-irritant properties, and recombined them in the most effective ratio. In the process , objectionable color and odor were removed and possible allergens（过敏原）eliminated. All this indicates that cosmetics formulated with plant extracts today can be more effective and , at the same time, more elegant than 10 or 20 years ago.四、Translate the following paragraph into Chinese（本大题共1个小题，共25分）采用一种简单、可靠并且有效的气相色谱法，来同时测定草药鱼腥草与鱼腥草注射液中8种活性组分的含量。
04级化学专业《专业英语》试卷
04级化学专业《专业英语》试卷绍兴文理学院 06 学年第二学期化学专业 04 级《专业英语》试卷(答题卷)I. Write the formula for each of the following chemicals: (30 points)1) silver nitrate 2) ferric oxide3) potassium sulfate 4) ammonium chloride5) magnesium hydroxide 6) sodium phosphate7) silicon dioxide 8) zinc sulfide9) lithium bromide 10) calcium carbonate11) lead acetate 12) carbon tetrachloride13) cyclohexane 14) meta-diethyl benzene15) dimethylamine 16) 3-methyl-1-butyne17) meta-nitrotoluene 18) 2-bromo-5-phenyl-3-octene19) 3-hexanone 20) N,N-dimethyl acetamide21) p-phenylbenzamide 22) benzoyl chloride23) ethylene glycol 24) methyl n-propyl ether25) 1,3-pentadiene 26) methyl formate27) o-phthalic anhydride 28) propionic acid29) formaldehyde 30) p-methoxybenzaldehydeII. Give the English name for each of the following compounds (15 points):1) H2SO42) Al2O33) KH2PO44) SO35) CH2=CH-CH36) (CH3)3CCl7) CF3COOH 8) H2NCH2CH2NH29) (CH3)2CHOH 10) p-F-C6H4-OH11) CH3-CH(CH3)-CH2-CO-CH3 12) CH3-CH=CH-CHO13) CH3-CH(OH)-COOH 14) CH3CO-CH2COOC2H515) CH3(CH2)3C≡NIII. For the following descriptions or definitions, determine true or false for each statement based on principles in chemistry (10 points):1) The oxidized and reduced species that appear in an ion-electron equation are may be non-reactants.2) Standard enthalpy of formation is the heat of formation of one mole of a compound by combination of its elements in their standard states at a specified temperature.3) Enantiomers are pairs of molecules with the same formula that rotate plane-polarized light in opposite directions.4) A nucleophile is an electron deficient atom or group that will bond with an atom that has a available electron pair5) Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of a product that can be formed according to a ba lanced chemical equation IV. (5 points) Answer the following questions in ENGLISH:Nitrous oxide, N2O, undergoes decomposition when heated to give N2 and O2.2 N2O (g) → 2 N2 (g) + O2 (g)What is the molar composition of the gaseous mixture produced? Compare this composition to that of air and predict whether the mixture will support combustion or not?V. (5 points) Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with the appropriate words or phrases listed at the end of paragraph: The rules that govern the naming of chemical compounds are known collectively as chemical ________________. In a simple way, the name of a cation consists of the name of the element, the _____________on the ion as a Roman numeral in parenthesis, and the word “ion”. The name of a monatomic _______________ (e.g., Cl-) consists of the name of the element with the ending“ide”, followed by the word “ion”. A binary compound is one containing atoms or ions of only two ________________. Salts are _________________ formed between cations and anions of acids. For binary molecular compounds, prefixes are used to indicate the number of each element present.anion elements nomenclature ionic compounds chargeVI. (5 points) Fill in the blanks in the following paragraph with the appropriate words or phrases listed as follows:The geometry around the C=C double bond in an __________ plays an important role in the chemistry of these compounds. The presence of the bond restricts rotation around a C=C double bond. There is no way to rotate one end of this bond relative to the other without breaking the bond. Because the _____________ is relatively strong (270 kJ/mol), rotation around the C=C double bond cannot occur at room temperature. Alkenes therefore form stereoisomers that differ in the way substituents are arranged around the C=C double bond. The ____________ in which similar substituents are on the same side of the double bond is called cis; whereas that with similar substituents are across from each other, is called trans. The cis isomer of 2-butene, for example, has both _____________ groups on the same side of the double bond. In the trans isomer the CH3 groups are on the ______________ sides of the double bond.opposite alkene methyl bond energy isomerVII. (10 points) Fill in the blanks in the following with the appropriate words or phrases listed at the end of the paragraph: So far, we have built a small repertoire of reactions that can be used to convert one functional group to another. We have briefly discussed converting alkenes to alkanes; alkanes to alkyl halides; alkyl halides to alcohols; alcohols to ethers, aldehydes, orketones; and aldehydes to carboxylic acids. We have also shown how carboxylic acids can be converted into esters and amides. We have yet to encounter a reaction, however, that addresses a basic question: How do we make C-C bonds? One answer resulted from the work that Francois A.Grignard started as part of his Ph.D. research at the turn of the last century.Grignard noted that alkyl ____________ react with magnesium metal in diethyl ether to form compounds that contain a metal-carbon bond. Methyl bromide, for example, forms methylmagnesium bromide.Et2OCH3Br + Mg →CH3MgBrBecause carbon is considerably more _______________ than magnesium, the metal-carbon bond in this compound has a significant amount of ionic character. Grignard reagents such as CH3MgBr are best thought of as hybrids of ionic and ___________ Lewis structures.CH3-Mg-Br ?[CH3-] [Mg2+] [Br-]Grignard reagents are our first source of carbanions (literally, "anions of carbon"). The Lewis structure of the CH3- ion suggests that carbanions can be Lewis bases, or electron-pair _____________. Grignard reagents such as methylmagnesium bromide are therefore sources of a nucleophile that can attack the + end of the C=O double bond in aldehydes and ketones. Thus the most important aspect of the chemistry of Grignard reagents is the ease with which this reaction allows us to couple alkyl chains. Isopropylmagnesium bromide, for example, can be used to graft an isopropyl group onto the ____________ chain of an appropriate ketone.electronegative hydrocarbon covalent donors halidesVIII. (10 points) Fill in the blanks in the following with the appropriate words or phrases listed at the end of the paragraphs: Why do some solids dissolve in water? The sugar we use to sweeten coffee or tea is a molecular solid, in which the individual molecules are held together by relatively weak ________________________. When sugar dissolves in water, the weak bonds between the individual sucrose molecules are broken, and these C12H22O11 molecules are released into ________________. It takes energy to break the bonds between the C12H22O11 molecules in sucrose. It also takes energy to break the hydrogen bonds in water that must be disrupted to insert one of these sucrose molecules into solution. Sugar dissolves in water because energy is give n off when the slightly polar sucrose molecules form intermolecular bonds with the polar water molecules. The weak bonds that form between the solute and the solvent compensate for the energy needed to disrupt the structure of both the pure solute and the solvent. In the case of sugar and water, this process works so well that up to 1800 grams of sucrose can dissolve in a liter of water.Ionic solids(or salts) contain positive and negative ions, which are held together by the strong force of __________________ between particles with opposite charges. When one of these solids dissolves in water, the ions that form the solid are released into solution, where they become associated with the ___________________solvent molecules.H2ONaCl(s) →Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)We can generally assume that salts ________________ into their ions when they dissolve in water. Ionic compounds dissolve in water if the energy given off when the ions interact with watermolecules compensates for the energy needed to break the ionic bonds in the solid and the energy required to separate the water molecules so that the ions can be inserted into solution.dissociate intermolecular forces attraction polar solutionIX. (10 points) Fill in the blanks in the following with the appropriate words or phrases listed at the end of the paragraphs:A soap bubble is simply a very thin sheet of water sandwiched between two layers of soap molecules, also called _____________________. These molecules are called amphiphilic. This means that part of this molecule is attracted to water, which is hydrophilic, and another part is repelled from water, which is _____________________.When such a molecule is put in water, as many as possible will crowd to the surface, so that the heads can stay in the water, while the tails stick out into the ___________. This is why soap-like molecules are called surfactants, since they mostly affect the _________ of water. It is these molecules that make soap bubbles stable.Some bubbles result from gas being trapped in solution, such as CO2 in soda and champagne, or N2 in the blood of deep sea divers. Much study goes into understanding bubbles dissolved in gases, as well as how the formation of large surfaces from surfactants used to construct bubbles are affected by different factors, e.g., temperature, surface __________ , nucleation sites, etc..air, pressure, hydrophobic, surface, surfactant molecules。
化学英语考试卷及答案
第1页，共4页第2页，共4页任课教师签名：刘生桂 命题教师签名：刘生桂 系主任签名： 主管院长签名：湛江师范学院2010年－ 2011学年度第1学期期末考试试题(考试时间: 120 分钟)考试科目：化学专业英语一 词汇题 (20分)1 无机化学 Inorganic chemistry 11 结晶 crystal2 配位化学 coordination chemistry 12 室温 room temperature3 酸 acid 13 回流 reflux 4碱 alkali 14 克 gram5 氧气 oxygen gas 15 臭氧 ozon6 氮气 nitrogen gas 16 摘要 summary7 烧杯 beaker 17 结果 result8 试管 test tube 18 蒸发 evaporation9 酒精灯 spirit lamp 19 蒸馏 distillation 10 纯化 purification 20 甲烷 methane二 翻译题 （共60分）1 if you decide to go into agriculture, you will need to know about fertilizersandpesticides,as well as animal nutrition. Even if you enter some profession thatseems to have no connection with chemistry, such as law, you will find a knowledge of chemistry very wyers freguently have to deal with patents that concern chemical inventions.Some members of the U.S. Congress have had extensive chemical training,which gives them a great advantage in discussions of enviromental pollution, nuclear energy,the regulations of the Food and Drug Administration, and in other legislation that concerns scientific matters.如果你决定进入农业,你需要知道化肥和杀虫剂,以及动物营养。
2020-2021某大学《化学专业英语》期末课程考试试卷(含答案)
《化学专业英语》期末课程考试试卷考试所需时间：120分钟适用专业：应用化学总分：100分PartⅠ、Choice（28×1.5=42）1 How many neutrons are present in an atom of tin that has the atomic number 50 and a mass number of 119?A. 50B.69C. 119D. 1692. Isotopes of an element differ in their ____.A. atomic numbersB. electron configurationsC. number of protonsD. masses3. Atomic masses for elements shown on the periodic table are not expressed as whole numbers because __A. the number of protons in an atom of an element variesB. atoms may gain or lose electrons during a chemical reactionC. they represent weighted averages of the isotopes of that atomD. scientists cannot measure the masses of atoms with great precision4. Group 17 elements, the halogens, are the most reactive of the nonmetals because they ____.A. are the farthest to the right of the periodic tableB. require only one electron to form the stable configurations of the noble gasesC. have the largest atomic radiiD. have the greatest ionization energies5.In the modem periodic table, elements are ordered ac-cording to ____.A. decreasing atomic massB. Mendeleev's original designC. increasing atomic numberD. when they were discovered6.The energy it takes to remove an electron from an atom as you move left to right across the period, from Na through to Cl, ___.A. generally increasesB. generally decreasesC. does not changeD. varies unpredictably7.Which of the following is the correct formula for iron (III) sulfate? ____.A. Fe3SO4C. Fe3(SO4)2B. Fe2(SO4)3D. 3FeSO48. The electroneutrality principle ____.A. states that the number of cations equals the number of anionsB. is demonstrated in any polyatomic ionC. states that the net charge on a binary ionic com-pound is zeroD. all of the above9. The correct name for NH4NO3is ____.A. ammonium carbonateB. ammonium hydroxideC. ammonium acetateD. ammonium nitrate10. When an acid reacts with a metal, ____A.the hydronium ion concentration increasesB.the metal forms anionsC.water is producedD.the pH value decreases11.Which of the following is a binary acid ?A. H2O B. H3PO4C. H2SO4D. HCl12.Which of the following solutions would have a pH value greater than 7 ?A.[OH-]=2.4×10-2MB.[H3O+]=1.53×10-4MC.0.0001M HClD.[OH-]=4.41×10-11M13.If the empirical formula of a compound is known, thenA. its true formula is also knownB. its percentage composition can be calculatedC. the arrangement of its atoms is also knownD. the percentage water in the compound can be determined14.The units for molar mass are ___A. g/mol C. g/atomsB. atoms/mol D. mol/g15.Which of the following compounds has the highest percentage composition of oxygen?A. CH4O C. H2OB CO2 D. Na2CO316.Pressure can be measured in ___A. grams C. pascalsB. meters D. liters17.A sample of oxygen gas has a volume of 150 mL when its pressure is 0.947 atm. If the pressure is increased to 0. 987 atm and the temperature remains constant, the new gas volume will be ___A. 140 mL C. 200 mLB. 160 mL D. 240 mL18.A sample of neon gas occupies a volume of 752 mL at 25℃. What volume will the gas occupy at 500℃ if the pressure remains constant? ___A. 694 mL C. 815 mLB. 752 mL D. 955 mL19.Potatoes will cook faster at sea level than at higher altitudes because the water used to cook them willA. be boiling more rapidlyB. boil at a lower temperatureC. increase in temperature while boilingD. boil at a higher temperature20.If the temperature outside is 26℃,then the temperature would be ____ kelvins.A. 26 C. 299B. 273 D. -24721. If the empirical formula of a compound is known, thenA. its true formula is also knownB. its percentage composition can be calculatedC. the arrangement of its atoms is also knownD. the percentage water in the compound can be determined22.Examine the following skeletal structure:OHOThe correct chemical formula for this compound isA. C2H4O2C. C5H8O2B. C5H4O2D. CHO23.Identify the following reactions as either reduction or oxidation. Indicate whether they occur at the cathode or anode. A. Ra(s) →Ra2+(aq) + 2e-B. Hg22+(aq) + 2e-→2Hg(l)C. Pb(s) + SO42-(aq) →PbSO4(s) + 2e-D. O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e-→4OH-(aq)24.In the following reaction, which species is being reduced?2K+Br2→2K++2Br-A. K only C. both K and Br2B. Br2only D. neither K nor Br225.The electrode at which reduction occurs is ____.A. always the anodeB. always the cathodeC. either the anode or the cathodeD. always the half-cell26. Sulfuric acid, H2SO4, or a similar substance is added to water that is to be electrolyzed in order to ____.A. react with the waterB. keep the electrode cleanC. provide adequate conductivityD. supply energy27.If an exothermic reaction has reached equilibrium, increasing the temperature willA. favor the forward reactionB. favor the reverse reactionC. favor both the forward and reverse reactionD. have no effect on the equilibrium28 Consider the following reaction:COBr2(g) →CO(g) + Br2(g)At 73°C , the Keqvalue for this reaction is 0.190. This Keqvalue indicates that ____.A. the reverse reaction is favoredB. the forward reaction is favoredC. the reaction has reached equilibriumD. the concentrations of CO(g) and Br2(g) are greater than theconcentration of Br2(Part Ⅱ common skill (20×0.5=10)1.write out the English speaking of the following symbol s(1).Mg(OH)2(2)↓→+++3223CaCOCaCO (3).log n x(4).nX(5).−−→−∆,Cu (6). X -8 (7). 1235(8). 3:2 (9). ± (10).100℃2.write out the chemical Chinese meaning of the followingabbreviation(1).alc. (2).amt. (3).A ·P (4).app. (5).contg. (6).C ·P (7).detn. (8).fig. (9).L-R (10).resp.Part Ⅲ Write out IUPAC naming of the following organic matter in English ( 1.5×8=12)CH 3CH 3CH 3CH 3⑴ C H 3CH 3CH 3CH 3⑵CH 2CH 3⑶C H 3CH 3H 3OH ⑷CH 3O CH 3⑸CH 3CH 3O⑹CH 3OHO ⑺CH 32O⑻Part Ⅳ write out English name of the following chemical elements(1×10)H B C N O F Si S K ClPart Ⅴ Translate the following passages into Chinese (2×8+1×10=26)Passage one : Certain membranes made of an animal bladder, a slice ofvegetable tissue, or a piece of parchment, act as a barrier between twosolutions, and simultaneously allow specific types of molecules. These are called semipermeable membranes. Semipermeable membranes that allow passage of solvent molecules but do not allow passage of solute molecules or ions are called osmotic membranes. If a NaCl solution is separated from pure water by an osmotic membrane, H 2O molecules spontaneously penetrate the membrane from both directions; however, passage across the membrane from the pure water side is faster than passage across the membrane from the solution side. The net result is exactly like that illustrated already previously and involves a net transfer of H 2O from the pure water side of the membrane to the solution side of the membrane. The passage of solvent molecules from a region with little or no dissolved solute, through an osmotic membrane, to a region with more dissolved solute is called osmosis.Passage two: As in ionic bonding and covalent bonding, outer shell electrons are responsible foe bonding between metal atoms. However, it is unreasonable to assume that ionic bonds occur between metal atoms since all the atoms are alike and no single atom would give up electrons to another atom. Covalent bonding between metal atoms is almost as unreasonable because not enough outer shell electrons are available for as many shared-pair bonds as each metal atom seems to form. Instead, a metallic lattice consists of a regular array of positive ions immersed in a cloud of highly mobile outer shell electrons. Metals have relatively low ionization energies or relatively loose holds on their outer shell electrons. These electrons are free to move throughout the metallic lattice. Metallic bonding results from attraction between the positive ions and the cloud of negative electrons. Such attractive forces are weaker than ionic or covalent bonding forces. Thus, many metals are soft and fairly low melting. Potassium is soft enough to be cut with a knife and melt at 68.7℃. On the other hand, some of the transition metals, where significant covalent character is superimposed on the metallic lattice, are hard and high melting.Tungsten is very hard and melts at about 3410℃Passage three: Major branches of Chemistry .The body of knowledge about chemicals and chemical reactions is so vast that for convenience chemists have divided the study of chemistry into several major branches: l. Analytical chemistry: The study of what types of elements and compounds are present in a sample of matter — called qualitative analysis — and how much of each element and compound is present in a sample of matter — called quantitative analysis.2. Physical chemistry: The study of the scientific laws and theories that attempt to describe and explain the structure of matter, the chemical bonds that hold matter together, the changes that matter undergoes, and the energy involved in these changes.3. Organic chemistry: The study of the properties and reactions of hydrocarbons, compounds containing only the elements carbon and hydrogen, and other compounds derived from hydrocarbons that contain one or more other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and chlorine. About4.9 million of the 5 million officially identified compounds are classified as organic compounds—explaining why an entire branch of chemistry is devoted to studying these compounds4. Inorganic chemistry: The study of all elements and the properties and reactions of the compounds not classified as organic compounds.5. Biochemistry: The study of the properties and reactions of compounds found in living organisms and those that are important to living organisms.These branches make it easier to study chemistry. Real chemistry, however, almost always involves a blend of information and ideas from most — if not all — of these branches. This book is concerned with general chemistry — a survey and introduction to all the major branches of chemistry except biochemistry.2020-2021《化学专业英语》期末课程考试试卷答案PartⅠ、Choice（28×1.5=42 points）（按顺序填入答案）1—5题 ADCAC 6—10题 ABBCB11—15题 CABAC 16—20题 CACDC 21—25题 CACBA 26—28题 CBA Part Ⅱ1.(1) Magnesium hydroxide(2) Nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia at high temperatureand pressure with the presence of a catalyst.(3) Log x to the base n.(4) The nth root of x.(5) Calcium carbonate when heated produces calcium oxide and carbondioxide.(6) X to the minus eighth (power).(7) Five over one hundred and twenty_three.(8) The ratio of two to three.(9) Plus and minus.(10) One (a) hundred degrees Centigrade.2. （1）醇（2）量（3）分析纯（4）装置（5）含有。
化工专业英语试卷参考答案
化学工程与工艺专业英语试题卷参考答案一．Put the following into English or Chinese.1.石油化学制品2. alkali3. sodium carbonate4. 聚合作用5. ammonia6. 药物7. antioxidant8. 聚四氟乙烯9. 环己烷10..carbonmonoxide 11. 乙醇胺12. thermodynamics 13. 光谱学14. refinery 15. 多相的16. isothermal17. 聚氧化亚甲基18. chloride 19. ethanol 20. 聚氯乙烯二.Translation.1. 4 generations under one roof2. to be a winner of the family3. 教务处4.国家助学金5.Principles of chemistry(unit operations)6.生产实习7.graduation thesis8.妇产医院9.transport phenomena10.金窝，银窝，不如自己的狗窝11.normal university 12.综合性大学13.应试教育14.master of business administrator 15.分析化学16.税务局17.party committee 18.专卖店19.chain store(multiple shop) 20.主任医生三、Put the following sentences underlined into ChineseA在20世纪六、七十年代，由于聚乙烯、聚丙烯、尼龙、聚酯环氧树脂等聚合物合成需求量的大量增加，石油化工产品产量呈现爆炸式的增长。
B单一的化工厂产量有从精细化工领域的每年几吨到肥料、石油领域的化工巨头的每年500，000吨。
C一方面，化学生产工业的扩张，另一方面，化学工程与工艺科学的先进，这些使为化工生产奠定了理论基础成为了可能。
化学化工英语试题及答案
化学化工英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is a chemical element?A. WaterB. OxygenC. HydrogenD. Carbon答案：B, C, D2. The chemical formula for table salt is:A. NaOHB. NaClC. HClD. NaHCO3答案：B3. What is the process called when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid?A. SublimationB. VaporizationC. MeltingD. Condensation答案：C4. In the periodic table, which group contains alkali metals?A. Group 1B. Group 2C. Group 17D. Group 18答案：A5. What is the name of the process where a substance decomposes into two or more substances due to heat?A. CombustionB. OxidationC. ReductionD. Decomposition答案：D6. Which of the following is a physical property of a substance?A. ColorB. TasteC. SolubilityD. Reactivity答案：A7. What is the term for a compound that releases hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water?A. BaseB. AcidC. SaltD. Neutral答案：B8. The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction:A. Mass is lostB. Mass is gainedC. Mass remains constantD. Mass can be converted into energy答案：C9. Which of the following is a type of chemical bond?A. Ionic bondB. Covalent bondC. Hydrogen bondD. All of the above答案：D10. What is the name of the process where a substance absorbs energy and changes from a liquid to a gas?A. MeltingB. VaporizationC. SublimationD. Condensation答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The symbol for the element iron is ________.答案：Fe2. The pH scale ranges from ________ to ________.答案：0 to 143. A compound that produces a basic solution when dissolvedin water is called a ________.答案：base4. The smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties is called a ________.答案：atom5. The process of separating a mixture into its individual components is known as ________.答案：separation6. The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter is called ________.答案：chemistry7. The process of a substance changing from a gas to a liquid is called ________.答案：condensation8. A(n) ________ reaction is a type of chemical reactionwhere two or more substances combine to form a single product. 答案：synthesis9. The volume of a gas at constant temperature and pressureis directly proportional to the number of ________.答案：moles10. The process of converting a solid directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase is known as ________. 答案：sublimation三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain what is meant by the term "stoichiometry" in chemistry.答案：Stoichiometry is the calculation of the relative quantities of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.It is based on the law of conservation of mass and involvesthe use of balanced chemical equations and the molar massesof substances to determine the amounts of reactants needed to produce a certain amount of product or the amounts ofproducts formed from a given amount of reactant.2. Describe the difference between a physical change and a chemical change.答案：A physical change is a change in the state or form of a substance without altering its chemical composition. Examples include melting, freezing, and boiling. A chemical change, on the other hand, involves a change in the chemical composition of a substance, resulting in the formation of new substances. Examples include combustion and rusting.3. What are the three main types of chemical bonds, and givean example of each.答案：The three main types of chemical bonds are ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds. An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of oppositely charged ions. An example is the bond between sodium (Na) and chloride (Cl) in table salt (NaCl). A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electrons, as seen in water (H2O) where hydrogen atoms share electrons with oxygen. Metallic bonds occur in metals, where a "sea" of delocalized electrons is shared among positively charged metal ions, as in sodium metal。
化学英语考试题及答案
化学英语考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What is the chemical symbol for oxygen?A. OB. OHC. H2OD. O22. Which of the following is not a basic unit of a chemical element?A. AtomB. MoleculeC. ProtonD. Electron3. What is the law of conservation of mass?A. Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.B. Mass is always created in a chemical reaction.C. Mass is always destroyed in a chemical reaction.D. None of the above.4. What is the correct chemical formula for water?A. H2OB. H2O2C. O2HD. OH-5. Which of the following is a noble gas?A. Oxygen (O)B. Helium (He)C. Carbon (C)D. Nitrogen (N)6. What is the valency of hydrogen in the compound HCl?A. +1B. -1C. +2D. -27. Which of the following is a compound?A. Oxygen gas (O2)B. Carbon dioxide (CO2)C. Hydrogen gas (H2)D. Nitrogen gas (N2)8. What is the common name for the chemical NaCl?A. SodiumB. ChlorineC. Table saltD. Baking soda9. What is the atomic number of carbon?A. 6B. 16C. 12D. 810. What is the process of a substance changing from a solidto a liquid state called?A. SublimationB. VaporizationC. MeltingD. Condensation二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. The chemical equation for the combustion of methane is__________.Answer: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O12. The symbol for the element with atomic number 17 is__________.Answer: Cl13. The process of a substance changing from a liquid to agas is known as __________.Answer: Vaporization14. The chemical formula for calcium carbonate is __________. Answer: CaCO315. The valency of chlorine in the compound KCl is __________. Answer: -116. The noble gas that is used in balloons is __________.Answer: Helium (He)17. The atomic number of oxygen is __________.Answer: 818. The process of a substance changing from a gas to aliquid is known as __________.Answer: Condensation19. The chemical symbol for the element with the highest atomic mass is __________.Answer: Og (Oganesson)20. The law that states the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products in a chemical reaction is known as the __________.Answer: Law of Conservation of Mass三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）21. Explain the difference between a pure substance and a mixture.Answer: A pure substance consists of a single type of particle, while a mixture is composed of two or moredifferent substances that are not chemically combined.22. What is an acid and what are its properties?Answer: An acid is a substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. Properties of acids include a sour taste, the ability to change the color of certain indicators, and the ability to react with bases to form salts and water.23. Describe the process of photosynthesis.Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll pigments. It involves theconversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen in the presence of light energy.24. What is a chemical equilibrium and how is it represented? Answer: Chemical equilibrium is the state in a reversible reaction where the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in no net change in the concentrations of reactants and products. It is represented by the equilibrium constant expression, Kc, which is the ratio of the concentrations of products to reactants raised to their respective stoichiometric coefficients.四、计算题（每题5分，共10分）25. If 10 grams of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) are dissolved in water and reacted with an excess of hydrochloric acid (HCl), calculate the volume。
化学专业英语试卷A答案
2012—2013学年度第一学期应用化学专业《专业英语》课程试卷（A ）注意事项：1. 考生务必将自己姓名、学号、专业名称写在指定位置；2. 密封线和装订线内不准答题。
一、词汇填空 （写出下列每个词汇对应的英汉单词）（共20小题，每空1分，共20分）1、化学性质 （chemical property ）2、物理性质 （physical property ）3、溶解度 （solubility ）4、密度 （density ）5、沸点 （boiling point ）6、熔点 （melting point ）7、反应 （reaction ）8、无机的 （inorganic ）9、有机的 （organic ）10、化合物 （c ompound ）11、烷烃 （alkane ）12、乙醇 （ethanol ）13、烯烃 （alkene ）14、炔烃 （alkyne ）15、ester （ 酯 ）16、ether （ 醚 ）17、acetone（ 丙酮 ）18、formaldehyde （ 甲醛 ）19、ammonia （ 氨 ）20、benzene （ 苯 ）二、给下列无机化合物的英语名称（共10小题, 每小题2分，共20分）1、CaO calcium oxide2、HClO 4 perchloric acid3、CuSO 4 copper sulfate4、NaBrsodium bromide 5、NaCl sodium chloride6、HNO 3 nitric acid7、HNO 2 nitrous acid8、Al 2O 3 aluminum oxide9、KNO 3 potassium nitrate10、FeBr 3 ferric bromide三、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小题, 每小题4分，共20分）1.辛烷octane2.CH 2=CHCH 2CH 31-butene3.CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 2OHbutanol4.CH 3CH 2OCH 3ethyl methyl ether5.CH3(CH2)4CO2Hhexanoic acid四、英译汉（共10小题, 每小题4分，共40分）Array1、The properties of substances are their characteristic qualities. Thephysical properties are those properties of a substance that can be observed without changing the substance into other substances.物质的性质是它们的特别品质。
中专化学化工专业英语试卷
试卷代号: 【A 】 座位号：黄石有色工业学校2010—20XX 年度第二学期期末考试化 工 英 语 试 卷20XX 年7月题号 一 二 三 四 五 总分 分数chemistryThere are different kinds of materials in our universe. Each material has its own characteristics, which is called its properties.The two sciences, chemistry and physics, are important for the study of materials. Physics is concerned with the general properties, energy and physical changes.by contrast,chemistry is concerned with chemical properties and chemical changes.in chemical changes,materials are transformed into different materials.for example,nitrogen and hydrogen can be combined to ammonia.it is called chemical reactions.Chemistry is very important in the use of materials.it relates to so many areas of human daily life.chemists work in different fields of chemistry.biochemists are interested in chemical processes in living plants and animals.analytical chenists find ways to separate and identify chemical anic chemists study substances which contain carbon and hydrogen.inorganic chemists study most of the other elements.根据文章内容回答问题：（每题5分，共30分） 1.what is physics concerned with?2.what is chemistry concerned with?3.what are biochemists interested in?4.what are analytical chemists concerned with?5.what do organic chemists study?6.what do inorganic chemists study?将下列的汉语翻译成英语（每题2分，共20分） 1.物理变化：2.化学变化：3.物理性质：4.化学性质：5.化学反应：6.化学过程：7.有机化学家：8.无机化学家：9.分析化学家：密 封 线 内 不 要 答 题准考证号学生证号姓 名分 校得 分 评卷人 一、阅读短文，回答问题。
化学专业英语考试题
CH 3CH 3NO 2CH 3C OOCH 2CH 3C O N CH 3CH 3COOCl Chemistry Speciality English Test 2006(100 points, 120 min)I. Translate the following words or phrase into Chinese. (20 points)1) Inorganic chemistry, 2) coordination chemistry, 3) angular momentum,4) lattice energy, 5) delocalized bond -π, 6) trans-isomers,7) hydration, 8) molecular orbital theory, 9) functional group10) random errorII. Complete the following problems.(30 points)1) (5 points) Perform the calculations and express the answers in the proper number of significant figures. 52.987+9.3545+6.12 = ?2) (10 points) A chemist needed 14.6g of CuSO 4 to perform a chemical reaction. (a) How many moles of CuSO 4 is this?(b) How many moles of CuSO 4•5H 2O will give the desired amount of CuSO 4?3) (5 points) In a single process, a system does 125 J of work on its surroundings while 75 J of heat is added to the system. What is the internal energy change for the system?4) (10 points) Find the heat of reaction for )(4)()()(424g HF g CF g F g CH +→+ using the following heat-of-formation data:III. Write in English the nomenclature for the following substances.(30 points)1) CH 3CH 3 2) CH 3CH 2CH 2CH 3 3) CH 2CH 2 4) CHCH 5) 6)7) 8) CH 3CH 2COOH 9) CH 3CH 2-O-CH 2CH 3 10) CH 3NH 211) 12) 13) 14) CH 3CHO 15) IV. Answer the following questions in English.(20 points)1) (5 points )What does the abbreviation “IUPAC ” refers to?2) (5 points )What is the Dalton ’s law of partial pressure?3) (5 points )Write the four quantum numbers and write what they identify.4) (5 points )Two substances are involved. One is a black powdery solid A . The other is a colorless liquid B that causes irritation if spilled on the skin. If some of the black solid A is placed in a container and the liquid B slowly added, things happen. The black solid begins to dissolve. The solution that is formed is not black, but very palegreen. At the same time, a gasC begins to bubble out of the solution. And the air is filled with a terrible smell, like that of rotten eggs.Please write the formula for compound A, B, and C, a nd write the chemical equationmol kJ CF H f /925)(4-=∆mol kJ HF H /1.271)(-=∆mol kJ CH H f /81.74)(4-=∆molkJ F H f /0)(2=∆。
安徽师范大学化学专业英语考试真题
安徽师范大学化学专业英语考试真题Anhui Normal University Chemistry Major English ExamI. Vocabulary and GrammarChoose the correct word or phrase to complete each sentence.1. The teacher asked us to _______ the experiment carefully before starting.A) analyzeB) analysisC) analyticalD) analyticalizing2. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being considered _______.A) neutralB) acidityC) alkalineD) basic3. The chemical reaction produced a _______ of gas that filled the entire room.A) emissionsB) emissionC) emittedD) emitting4. It is important to use proper _______ when working in the laboratory to protect yourself from any harmful substances.A) precautionsB) preventionsC) measuresD) protections5. The students were required to write a _______ report on the experiment they conducted in class.A) detailB) detailedC) detailingD) detailsII. Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes it undergoes. It is a science that involves conducting experiments, making observations, and drawing conclusions based on evidence. Chemists use the principles of chemistry to understand the properties and behavior of substances, as well as to create new materials and study their interactions.1. What is chemistry?2. What are some of the activities chemists engage in?3. How do chemists use the principles of chemistry?3. WritingWrite a short essay on the importance of chemistry in everyday life. Consider how chemistry impacts various aspects of our daily routines, such as food, medicine, and materials. Provide specific examples to support your argument.Sample Answer:Chemistry plays a crucial role in our everyday lives, impacting everything from the food we eat to the medicines wetake. One area where chemistry is especially important is in agriculture. Farmers use chemicals to fertilize crops, kill pests, and improve yields. Without these chemical treatments, our food supply would be at risk, leading to food shortages and higher prices.In medicine, chemistry is essential for developing new drugs and treatments for diseases. Chemists work to understand how different chemicals interact with the body and design compounds that can target specific diseases. This research has led to the development of life-saving medications that have improved the quality of life for millions of people.Chemistry also plays a role in the production of materials we use every day. From plastics to textiles to electronics, chemistry is involved in the creation of a wide range of materials that are essential for modern life. Without chemistry, we would not have the materials needed to build cars, computers, and other goods that are a part of our daily lives.In conclusion, chemistry is a fundamental science that impacts virtually every aspect of our daily routines. By studying and understanding the principles of chemistry, we can continue to innovate and improve our lives in countless ways.Overall, the Anhui Normal University Chemistry Major English Exam covers a range of topics, from vocabulary and grammar to reading comprehension and writing. Students are expected to demonstrate their understanding of key concepts in chemistry as well as their ability to communicate effectively in English. By preparing thoroughly for the exam, students can showcase their knowledge and skills in the field of chemistry.。
化学专业英语化学专业英语课期末考试试卷含答案
化学专业英语试卷学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文本题共 30 分,每小题 1 分1. NiClO42 nickel perchlorate3. FeCl2 iron2chloride5. AlNO33 aluminum nitrate7. MnO2 manganese dioxide9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide11. NaClO sodium hypochloride13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide15. KMnO4 patassium permangate17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid19. KCN patassium cyanide21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride25. 中和neutralize27. 比热容specific heat capacity29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate6. CaC2H3O22 calcium acetate8. H2SO410. 六氰合铁Ⅱ酸钾12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite14. 草酸铅 lead cyanate16. ZnOH2 zinc hydroxide18. 磷酸根 phosphate20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷2,3-dimethylpentane22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloct ane24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration28. 非电解质electrolyte 30. 配位化合物complex compound三. 把下列短文译成汉语本题共 40 分,每小题 10 分1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease.没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围;没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆;不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物;我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机;我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分;没有药物来抵抗疾病,预期寿命将低得多;2． The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules —can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of such a model is that it does not depend on atomic or molecular structure. Furthermore, conclusions about a given process .based on this model, do not require details of how the process is carried out.探讨热力学第一和第二定律和熵的意义.和扩展在这个知识;也就是说它将表明能源在宏观上的转换,根据一组逻辑原则可以理解能量在大量的原子或分子内的转换;因此热力学定理提供了一个物质体积变化的模型;这样一个模型的能力在于它不依赖于原子或分子结构;此外,给定进程的结论依托于这种模式,不需要的详细说明过程是如何进行的3．Preparation of Cuen2cdaH2O: H2cda 4-羟基-2,6 吡啶二酸 g, mmol was dissolvedin water 10 mL and the pH value of the solution was adjusted to 7~8 with aqueous NaOH solution molL-1, then adding it dropwise to a methanol solution 10mL ofCuClO42·6H2O , and ethylenediamine mmol under stirring at room temperature.After the resulting small quantity of precipitates was filtered off, dark blue crystals suitable for X-ray structure analysis were obtained by slow evaporation of the filtrate at room temperature.制备CUen2cdaH2O:使克,的4 -羟基2、6吡啶二酸溶解在10ml水中加入氢氧化钠水溶液调整到pH值7 ~ 8,然后将它一滴一滴地添加到CuClO42·6H2O,的乙醇溶液和乙二胺,在室温下搅拌;在室温下,缓慢蒸发滤液,得到深蓝色晶体,用x射线分析它的结构4. Measure 50 ml of vinegar with a pipette and pour into a 250-ml beaker. Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein indicator. Fill a burette with a 1 N solution of sodium hydroxide NaOH and draw out the excess as described above. From the burette add NaOH to the beaker of vinegar until 1 drop of NaOH produces a pale pink color in the solution. Maintain constant stirring. The appearance of pink tells you that the acid has been neutralized by the base and there is now 1 drop of excess base which has turned the indicator. Read the burette and record this reading as the volume of base used to neutralize the acid. One molecule of NaOH neutralizes one molecule of acetic acid, or one gram-molecular weight of NaOH neutralizes one gram-molecular weight of acetic acid. Calculate the amount of acetic acid present in the vinegar. Report this amount as the percentage of acetic acid. 用移液管吸取50ml醋加入到250毫升烧杯,加2滴酚酞指示剂;在滴定管中加入1M的氢氧化钠溶液,去除刻度线以上的溶液,将氢氧化钠溶液加入到醋中,并不断震荡,至到加入一滴氢氧化钠溶液变成粉红色;出现粉红色的颜色,表示酸中和了碱,而且多余的一滴碱使指示剂变色;阅读并纪律中和酸消耗碱的体积;一个分子的氢氧化钠中和一个分子的醋酸,或一个分子重量的氢氧化钠中和一个分子重量的醋酸反应;计算醋酸在醋的量;报告醋酸的百分比;。
大学英语化学考试真题试卷
大学英语化学考试真题试卷Part I: Multiple Choice (50 points)Section A: Vocabulary and Grammar1. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. (10 points)1) The _______ of the solution is crucial for the experiment.a) composition b) compound c) concentration d) decomposition2) The students were requested to ______ the safety precautions.a) take b) make c) do d) perform3) Chemical ______ is an important process in the pharmaceutical industry.a) synthesis b) analysis c) decomposition d) reaction4) The scientist ______ his findings at the conference last week.a) displayed b) demonstrated c) presented d) showed5) It is important to ______ the instructions before conducting the experiment.a) follow b) obey c) pursue d) observe6) The compound ______ a strong odor when heated.a) issues b) releases c) generates d) produces7) The ______ of the reaction was unexpected.a) outcome b) upshot c) consequence d) result8) The new substance is ______ of various chemical elements.a) comprised b) composed c) constituted d) combined9) The ______ material is highly toxic and should be handled with caution.a) harmful b) dangerous c) poisonous d) lethal10) The ______ of acids and bases determines their reactivity.a) strength b) power c) capability d) potential2. Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. (10 points)11) The professor asked us ________ the experiment again.a) to perform b) performing c) performed d) perform12) _______ we handle chemicals properly, accidents may occur.a) Although b) Despite c) However d) Unless13) _______ the reaction temperature, the rate of the reaction increases.a) As b) When c) Since d) While14) The solution turned red ______ the addition of the indicator.a) by b) with c) upon d) for15) The scientist is known ______ his groundbreaking research in the field.a) for b) as c) to d) by16) The equipment _______ a high level of precision and accuracy.a) demands b) requires c) needs d) wants17) A _______ solvent is one that is capable of dissolving many substances.a) soluble b) dissolvable c) dissolving d) solvable18) _______ the presence of sunlight, the reaction proceeds faster.a) In b) On c) Under d) With19) The student _______ his time studying for the exam.a) spent b) took c) wasted d) used20) _______ the right conditions, the reaction will not occur.a) In the absence of b) Due to c) Thanks to d) Because ofSection B: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passages and choose the best answer to each question.(20 points)Passage 1Chemistry plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. From the food we eat to the clothes we wear, everything is a result of chemical processes. Chemical reactions occur when substances undergo a transformation and form new products. This leads to the creation of medicines, household products, and even explosives. Understanding chemistry helps us appreciate and analyze the world around us.21) What is the main focus of the passage?a) The importance of chemistry in everyday life.b) The dangers of chemical reactions.c) The creation of new substances.d) The transformation of materials.22) According to the passage, how does chemistry impact our lives?a) It helps us understand and evaluate our surroundings.b) It has no effect on our daily lives.c) It creates a variety of chemicals.d) It transforms substances without forming new products.23) Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?a) Medicinesb) Household productsc) Environmental pollutiond) ExplosivesPassage 2Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms. They play a crucial role in metabolism, the process by which organisms obtain energy. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy required for a reaction to take place. They have specific shapes thatallow them to bind with substrates, the molecules on which they act. Without enzymes, many biological processes would not occur at a sufficient rate.24) What is the primary function of enzymes?a) To slow down chemical reactions.b) To create new molecules.c) To bind with substrates.d) To increase the activation energy.25) How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?a) By increasing the activation energy required.b) By binding with substrates.c) By changing the shape of molecules.d) By decreasing the rate of substrate binding.26) What would happen without enzymes?a) Biological processes would occur at a faster rate.b) Chemical reactions would not take place.c) Activation energy would increase.d) Enzymes would not have specific shapes.Part II: Short Answer Questions (50 points)Section A: Vocabulary and Grammar1. Rewrite the following sentence using the passive voice. (10 points)The professor gave the students clear instructions for the experiment.2. Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. (10 points)a) He _______ (study) chemistry for three hours yesterday.b) By the time we arrive, they _______ (finish) the experiment.c) _______ you _______ (conduct) the experiment correctly?d) If you _______ (mix) the chemicals, a reaction will occur.3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions. (10 points)a) The solution must be handled _______ caution.b) The reaction proceeds _______ the presence of a catalyst.c) The experiment was conducted _______ accordance _______ the safety guidelines.d) The product was obtained _______ a series of chemical reactions.4. Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases. (10 points)a) The _______ of the reactants determines the rate of the reaction.b) The reaction was _______ by the addition of the catalyst.c) The experiment was conducted under _______ conditions.d) The _______ product was obtained after several purification steps.Section B: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions based on the information provided. (20 points)Passage:Chemical equilibrium occurs when the forward and reverse reactions of a chemical equation proceed at an equal rate. At equilibrium, the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time. The equilibrium constant, represented by the symbol K, is used to quantify the extent of the reaction. If K is large, the reaction favors the formation of products. If K is small, the reaction favors the formation of reactants.27) When does chemical equilibrium occur?28) What happens to the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium?29) What does the equilibrium constant indicate?30) How can the extent of the reaction be determined based on the value of K?Part III: Essay Writing (50 points)Please choose and write an essay on one of the following topics. (50 points)1. The role of chemistry in environmental conservation.2. The impact of chemical reactions on everyday life.3. The importance of safety precautions in a chemistry laboratory.注意: 根据试卷的要求，文章采用了合适的格式，包括题号和选项的使用。
化学专业英语试卷
2009 —2010学年第一学期化学与材料学院（系）07级应用化学专业《专业英语》期末试卷1.Write the structural formula or Chinese name for each of the following(2% for each answer):（1）barium ion: （2）chlorate ion:（3）potassium ion: （4）carbonic acid:（5）ammonium ion: （6）pyrrole:（吡咯）（7）polystyrene: (聚苯乙烯) （8）p-hydroxybenzoic acid:(对羟基苯甲酸)（9）benzonitrile (苄腈) （10）critical pressure: （临界压力）（11）methanal: （甲醛）（12）buffer solution :（缓冲溶液）（13）alkali burette:（碱式滴定管）（14）extract ：(萃取) （15）tetrasulfur dinitride: （S4N2）（16）aldose:（醛醣）（17）sodium dihydrogenphosphate (磷酸二氢钠)（18）zinc oxide:（19）6-ethyl-4-methyldecane:（20）quantitative analysis: （定量分析）2.Write the English name for each of the following(2% for each answer):（1）IBr: （2）天平（balance）（3）阴离子(anion) （4）H2SO3（5）滴液漏斗: （dropping funnel）（6）CuNO3:（7）AgF: （8）滴定（n.）:(titrate)（9）Ca(MnO4)2: （10）辛醇:（11）十三烷：（12）(CH3CH2)2Hg: (diethylmercury)（13）CH3CHCH CH2CH3:（14）CH3CH2CHCOOHCH3:（15）CHOHONH2：（2-amino-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde）3.Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:(1)Pick the size of your separatory (sep.) funnel. You will usually use 125 or250-mL, large scale reactions (1–10 g) can require 500-mL or 1-L sizes.Remember that your sep. funnel will contain the solvent and wash liquid which must be thoroughly mixed.(5% for the answer)参考答案：挑选出你要的分液漏斗的大小。
化学专业英语
A.HBrO4B.HBrO3C.HBrO2D.HBrO
3、The nonmetal diatomic molecules having low-molecular weight usually are ()at room temperature.
西华师范大学学生试卷
年月日学年第学期考室
题号
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阅卷教师
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化学化工学院化学、应用化学专业XX级《化学专业英语》试题A卷
闭卷考试时间120分钟
注意事项：1.满分：100分。保持卷面整洁，否则扣卷面2分。
2.交卷时请将试题卷与答题卷一起交，否则扣分。
3.学生必须将姓名、班级、学号完整填写在规定的密封栏目内，否则视为废卷。
3、...
4、Water is widely used in various process applications in industry. Other major industrial uses are boiler feed water and cooling water.The kind and degree of treatment of water in these applications depends upon the end use. As examples, cooling water may require only minimal treatment, while water used in food processing must be free ofpathogens(病原体) and toxid substances.(5 points)
化学专英试题及答案
化学专英试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. The term "stoichiometry" refers to the:A. Study of chemical reactionsB. Calculation of amounts of reactants and products in chemical reactionsC. History of chemistryD. Physical properties of substances2. Which of the following is not a state of matter?A. SolidB. LiquidC. GasD. Energy3. The SI unit for the amount of substance is the:A. CoulombB. JouleC. MoleD. Newton4. In the periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing:A. Atomic massB. Atomic numberC. ElectronegativityD. Ionization energy5. The process of converting a solid to a liquid is called:A. SublimationB. VaporizationC. MeltingD. Decomposition二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. The chemical symbol for the element oxygen is ________.2. The law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to the number of molecules is known as________'s law.3. The process of a substance changing from a liquid to a solid is called ________.4. The pH scale ranges from ________ to ________, with 7 being neutral.5. A compound that releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water is known as an ________.三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）1. Explain what is meant by the term "valency" in chemistry.2. Describe the difference between a physical change and a chemical change.3. What is the significance of the Avogadro's number in chemistry?4. Discuss the role of catalysts in chemical reactions.四、计算题（每题10分，共20分）1. If 5 moles of a gas occupy 22.4 liters at standard temperature and pressure (STP), calculate the volume occupied by 10 moles of the same gas at STP.2. A 1.5 M solution of hydrochloric acid (HCl) is mixed witha 3.0 M solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in a 1:1 volume ratio. Calculate the molarity of the resulting solution.五、实验题（每题15分，共30分）1. Describe a laboratory procedure to test for the presence of chloride ions in a solution.2. Outline the steps to prepare a standard solution of potassium permanganate (KMnO4) for titration.答案：一、选择题1. B2. D3. C4. B5. C二、填空题1. O2. Boyle3. Solidification4. 0, 145. Acid三、简答题1. Valency refers to the combining power of an element, which is the number of hydrogen atoms it can combine with or replace in a chemical reaction.2. A physical change is a change in the state or form of a substance without altering its chemical composition, while a chemical change involves a transformation that results in theformation of new substances.3. Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23) is significant becauseit represents the number of particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) in one mole of a substance.4. Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process, thus facilitating the reaction without altering the overall chemical equilibrium.四、计算题1. 44.8 liters2. 0.75 M五、实验题1. To test for chloride ions, add a small amount of silver nitrate solution to the test solution. If a white precipitate forms, it indicates the presence of chloride ions.2. To prepare a standard solution of KMnO4, dissolve a known mass of the compound in a minimal amount of distilled water, then dilute it to a known volume in a volumetric flask. The concentration can be calculated using the mass and volume of the solution.。
英语化学考试题及答案
英语化学考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a property of matter?A. MassB. DensityC. ColorD. Volume答案：C2. The chemical formula for water is:A. H2OB. H2SC. CO2D. O2答案：A3. What is the name of the process where a substance changes from a solid to a liquid state?A. SublimationB. VaporizationC. MeltingD. Condensation答案：C4. Which element has the atomic number 8?A. OxygenB. NitrogenC. CarbonD. Hydrogen答案：A5. The law of conservation of mass states that in a chemical reaction:A. The mass of the reactants equals the mass of the products.B. The mass of the reactants is greater than the mass of the products.C. The mass of the reactants is less than the mass of the products.D. There is no relationship between the mass of reactants and products.答案：A6. What is the pH of a solution that is neither acidic nor basic?A. Less than 7B. Greater than 7C. Equal to 7D. Cannot be determined答案：C7. Which of the following is a physical change?A. Burning of woodB. Rusting of ironC. Dissolving of sugar in waterD. Photosynthesis答案：C8. The process of converting a liquid into a gas is called:A. VaporizationB. CondensationC. SublimationD. Melting答案：A9. What is the chemical symbol for sodium?A. NaB. MgC. FeD. Cu答案：A10. The valency of hydrogen is:A. +1B. -1C. +2D. -2答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The symbol for carbon dioxide is ________.答案：CO22. The atomic number of sodium is ________.答案：113. The process of a substance changing from a gas to a liquid is called ________.答案：condensation4. A solution with a pH of 4 is ________.答案：acidic5. The valency of oxygen is usually ________.答案：-26. The element with the chemical symbol Fe is ________.答案：iron7. The chemical formula for calcium carbonate is ________.答案：CaCO38. The process of a substance changing from a liquid to a solid is called ________.答案：freezing9. The symbol for the element with atomic number 17 is________.答案：Cl10. The pH of pure water at room temperature is ________.答案：7三、简答题（每题5分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a compound and an element. 答案：A compound is a substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together. An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means and consists of only one type of atom.2. What is a chemical equation and how is it written?答案：A chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products and the conditions under which the reaction occurs. It is written by placing the reactants on the left side, the products on the right side, and the reaction conditions above or below the line separating the reactants and products.3. Describe the process of photosynthesis.答案：Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll pigments. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into glucose and oxygen in the presence of sunlight.4. What is the significance of the law of conservation of mass in chemistry?答案：The law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. This law is significant in chemistry because it helps to balance chemical equations and ensures that the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products in a chemicalreaction.5. Explain the concept of valency.答案：Valency is a measure of the combining power of an element, indicating the number of hydrogen atoms it can displace or combine with. It is a key concept in writing chemical formulas and understanding how elements react with each other.6. What is the difference between a physical and a chemical change?答案：A physical change is a change in the state or appearance of a substance without altering its chemical composition. Examples include melting, freezing, and dissolving. A chemical change involves a change。
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2009 —2010学年第一学期
化学与材料学院（系）07级应用化学专业
《专业英语》期末试卷
1.Write the structural formula or Chinese name for each of the following
(2% for each answer):
（1）barium ion: （2）chlorate ion:
（3）potassium ion: （4）carbonic acid:
（5）ammonium ion: （6）pyrrole:（吡咯）
（7）polystyrene: (聚苯乙烯) （8）p-hydroxybenzoic acid:(对羟基苯甲酸)（9）benzonitrile (苄腈) （10）critical pressure: （临界压力）（11）methanal: （甲醛）（12）buffer solution :（缓冲溶液）（13）alkali burette:（碱式滴定管）（14）extract ：(萃取) （15）tetrasulfur dinitride: （S4N2）（16）aldose:（醛醣）（17）sodium dihydrogenphosphate (磷酸二氢钠)
（18）zinc oxide:
（19）6-ethyl-4-methyldecane:
（20）quantitative analysis: （定量分析）2.Write the English name for each of the following(2% for each answer):
（1）IBr: （2）天平（balance）
（3）阴离子(anion) （4）H2SO3
（5）滴液漏斗: （dropping funnel）（6）CuNO3:
（7）AgF: （8）滴定（n.）:(titrate)
（9）Ca(MnO4)2: （10）辛醇:
（11）十三烷：
（12）(CH3CH2)2Hg: (diethylmercury)
（13）
CH3CHCH CH2
CH3:
（14）
CH3CH2CHCOOH
CH3:
（15）
CHO
HO
NH2：（2-amino-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde）
3.Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese:
(1)Pick the size of your separatory (sep.) funnel. You will usually use 125 or
250-mL, large scale reactions (1–10 g) can require 500-mL or 1-L sizes.
Remember that your sep. funnel will contain the solvent and wash liquid which must be thoroughly mixed.
(5% for the answer)
参考答案：挑选出你要的分液漏斗的大小。
你通常会使用125毫升或者250毫
升的分液漏斗，对于大规模的反应（1-10克）你需要使用500毫升或1 L的分液漏
斗。
记住你的分液漏斗将含有溶剂和洗涤液，必需予以彻底的混合。
试卷共2 页第1 页
(2)Dilute the crude reaction mixture with your solvent of choice and transfer to
your chosen sep. funnel. Large amounts of material require large amounts of solvent. Normal reactions (50-500 mg of product) can be diluted with between 25–100 mL of solvent. (5% for the answer)
参考答案：用你所选用的溶剂稀释反应粗产物的混合物，并且转移到你选择的分液漏斗中。
大量的材料需要大量的溶剂。
正常的反应（50-500毫克的产品）能用25-100毫升溶剂稀释。
(3)Dry the organic layer. After removing your solution from the aqueous phase, a
drying agent is added to remove all traces of water. This is usually MgSO4, more effective and faster, but slightly acidic; or Na2SO4, less effective and slower, but neutral. These compounds bind to any water remaining in the organic solution, forming clumps when they react. A decent amount of drying agent should be added, but as long as some solid is not clumped, no more needs to be added. (6% for the answer)
参考答案：干燥的有机层：从水相中取出溶液后，干燥剂的加入是为了除去遗留下来的水份。
通常使用硫酸镁作干燥剂，因为它非常有效而且吸水很快，但是略带酸性，或者也可以用硫酸钠，只是效益比较和速度比较慢，但是中性的。
这些化合物会和有机溶液中的水相结合，当它们发生反应时就会形成团块。
应该有足够量的干燥剂被加入，但是只要一些固体不会形成团块，就不需要再加入更多的干燥剂。
(4)Distillation is an extremely useful technique that is used to purify reagents and
separate crude product mixtures. There are two varieties of distillation atmospheric pressure and reduced pressure. (4% for the answer)
(5)
参考答案：蒸馏是一个非常有用的技术，用于分离纯化试剂和粗产品的混合物。
一般有两种蒸馏方法：常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏
4.Read the Abstract from Reactive & Functional Polymers 66 (2006) 1278–1283
and then answer the questions:（中文回答）
◆Tuthor: Qinghua Zhang, Shouxin Wen, Ziqiang Lei et.al.
◆Title:Heterogeneous Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones using hydrogen
peroxide as oxidant catalyzed by aminomethyl polystyrene resin-supported tin
complex.
Abstract: An aminomethyl polystyrene resin supported tin complex (PS-Sn) catalyst
was prepared by a simple procedure and found to be an active and selective catalyst
for the Baeyer-Villiger (BV) oxidation of cyclic and acyclic ketones including
2-adamantanone, 2-methylcyclohexanone, cyclohexanone, 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone,
4-methylcyclohexanone, 3-methyl-2-pentanone, 4-methyl-2-pentanone, and
cyclopentanone using 30% hydrogen peroxide as oxidant. This polymer-supported
tin complex acts as an efficient and stable heterogeneous catalyst for the
Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of ketones by 30% hydrogen peroxide. The catalyst can be
prepared in large scale in a simple manner and can be recycled.
(1) What oxidant was used in the BV oxidation? (3% for the answer)
(2) What do the words “acyclic”and “heterogeneous”mean? (3% for the
answer)
(3) What are the advantages of the catalyst? (4% for the answer)
Heterogeneous 非均相的acyclic 无环的catalyst 催化剂
以上的参考答案由吴明江提供，仅供参考。
试卷共2 页第2 页。