Statement at the 2003 session of the United Nations Disarmament Commission
UNIT 4
1. why does the author think that Yamahata’s pictures compose the fullest record of nuclear destruction in existence? 2. Why were the bodies often branded with the patterns of their clothes? 3. why does author particularly mention “ a view of mountains” in one of the pictures?
Part I paragraph 2-3
The followred: 1. Why is the meaning of Yamahata’s picture universal? 2. Why has Nagasaki always been in the shadow of Hiroshima?
Structural analysis
What makes clear the author's opinion about the meaning of Yamahata’s pictures is the sentence that appears at the end of the first para. What makes clear the author's opinion on what should be done about the existing nuclear peril is the sentence that appears in the middle of the last paragraph: Performing that act is the greatest of the responsibilities of the generations now alive.
综合英语(四)电子教案.docx
Teaching Plan 一Unit 1-16, Book 4 Unit 1每单元题0教学重点和难点Text I Never Give In, Never, Never, Never 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)seem的用法2)It seems that7.Key phrases:Ups and downs; address oneself to; yield to; close an accountText IIWinstonChurchill本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1.Why does the author urge people to be patie2.What is the change in the widespread mood3.Why does the author change “darker" to "st作业：Making sentences with:1.To…，it seems that • •.2.throw one's mind back 课时分配教学组织安排20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textsnt?1 referred to in Paragraph 5? terner,,7Unit 2每单元题g教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Space Invaders 1- Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one^s own words;6.Key structure:1)whereas的用法2)In the same way that7.Key phrases: sidled up,carve out, attribute ... to, stakeda claim, to tread on, plowedinto, is ... proportional to,breathe down their necks20 mins Vocabularyl60mins Text StudyText IISpace andDistance60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 ・Why does the writer tell his experience at the bank?2.H ow is the concept of personal space defined?3.What is meant by "this tendency59 in Paragraph 4? What did the author think caused this tendency?4.W hat is the characteristic of personal space as described in Paragraph 5?5.Why id personal space shrinking in general?作业：Making sentences with:1. whereas2.In the same way that…Unit 3每单元题目教学重点和难点Text IAlienation and the Internet 1. Vocabulary 2.Structuralanalysis of the text3. T he main idea of Text4. Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5. Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in on&s own words;6. Key structure: 1) .in that 的用法 2) I t is my hope that 3) All things being considered7. Key phrases: for the better, at the expense of,, be confronted with, took advantage of,, in earnest, are available for, prior to, would give...pause to thinkText IIAmericanOnline: Losing the Battles, butWinning the War 木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1. Whaf s the authors viewpoint about the ben negative side?2. What happened to the author^ friend as regi did he see about it?3. What alienated society members before the them in the information age?4. W hat is meant by the "cruel irony 95 that appc5. H ow, according to the author, can the potent 作业：Making sentences with: 1. It's my personal belief that 2. in that 3. All of this being said,…课时分 配 教学组织安排20 minsVocabulary160mins Text Study 60 mins Exercises 30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s); pair discussion about the questions on the textiefit of the Internet? What does he see about its ards the Internet? What negative consequences Internet gained popularity? What alienates ^ars in Paragraph 4? tial of the Internet be realized?Unit 4每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text IA View of Mountains 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:Only if7.Key phrases:come into his own, is brandedwith, for good, lay in, i n certainrespect, come into existence, outskirts, once and for all20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText II Statement at the 2003Session of United Nations Disarmament Commission 60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why is a view of mountains provided by a picture so significant that it was chosen as the title of this essay?2.W hy are Yamahata^s pictures still news?3.In what way(s) is the bombing of Nagasaki the fitter symbol of the nuclear danger?4.What is the universal meaning of Yamahata^ photos?5.Do Yamahata?s pictures fully express the author^ intention of writing? Why or why not?作业：Making sentences with:1.It takes sb sometime to do sth2.only if配Text I The Tapestry of Friendship 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one^s own words;6.Key structure:1 Coordinate sentences with"but" and 'while/whilst'2Coordinate sentences withoutany conjunction7.Key phrases:hang together; pick on;showing... off; make adifference;20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIMy Daughter,My Friend60 mins Exercises30 mins Text 11: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1.What did the woman think of the movie Girlfriends?2.Why did the woman say that the movie camera had shifted its focus?3.What is the subtle distinction between the male and female friendship?4.What does it show that men and women establish their own friendship following different courses?5.What is the example in Paragraph 13 intended to do?6.Why was the woman shocked at men，s description of friendship?作业：Making sentences with:1.not just...but...2.not untilText IA French Fourth 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)in part because2)There were times when3)no other choice than7.Key phrases:take pride in.be immersed in,resonate with,, be exposed to,in one's mind n s eye,, a glimpseof, convey ... to, turn... to20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIStuck in theMiddle60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why does the writer hang the American flag on July 4 though he knows it attracts little attention in Paris?2.W hy do the children seldom mix languages up?3.W hat does the writer think is the benefit of raising children in a foreign culture?4.W hat are the difficulties in raising children in a foreign culture?5.Why does the issue of raising children in a foreign culture present itself to the author time and again?6.What impact does globalization have upon the growth of children in a foreign culture? 作业：Making sentences with:1.in part because2.like nothing other thanText IThe Selling of the President 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1 )Suhjective Mood2)If..., it is that...7.Key phrases:got bogged clown, to bringdown, affect, would bedetrimentaI to, wasclouded, is comfortable with,be... taken in, to his advantage20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIWhat makes aLeader60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 .What is implied by the word "selling” in the title?2.Why did the quoted campaign specialist say the candidate needed to “keep his mouth shut'，for the success in the election?3.Which part of the text tells us that Nixon ran for the presidency for the first time? How did he lose the election?4.When do TV commercials work most effectively?5.What did Jimmy Carter^ election illustrate?6.Why did Reagon constantly refer to John Wayne in his election campaign?作业：Making sentences with:1.would have ... were it not for2.If …it was that...Text IThe Monster 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)The anaphoric use orrepetitious use of the thirdperson pronoun he2)t o a degree that...3)w hat if...7.Key phrases:sink into suicidal g\oom, for thesake of9.at someone "s expense,out of sorts innocent of, rollinto one, a mania for doing sth.20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IISimpleHabits, DeepThoughts 60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业):l.In what way was Wagner physically odd?2.W hy did he always take himself as the center of his conversations?3.H ow would he respond to disagreement?4.W hat emotional features did he possess?5.How does the author justify Wagner's arrogance and extrabagance?6.1n what sense may Wagner be said to be a monster?作业：Making sentences with:1.to a degree that2.what ifText I The Discus Thrower 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.T he main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:“as though^^7.Key phrases:spy on, prop up, make one's rounds, in time, finger across, heft up, a shard of, give sb the look of, swing acrossText II ARage againstDying本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Does the doctor feel guilty of spying on his2.H ow would you account for the possessions3.Why does the patient ask for shoes time and4.W hy does the patient throw his plate?5.W hat kind of laughter does the patient give?作业:Making sentences with:1.as though2.give sb the look of ... 20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textpatients? Why or why not? in Room 542?again?)Unit 10每单元题目教学重点和难点课吋分配教学组织安排Text I How I Found My Voice 1. Vocabulary 2.Structuralanalysis of the text3.T he main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in on3s own words;6.Key structure:1)could的用法2)as if的用法7・ Keyphrases:come close to, in a daze, inpublic, vibrant with, round up,be dubious about, be known for,sign up with, be meant to be,express interest in, vent feelingsto20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyTextnThank You,Mr. Chips60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why could the narrator hardly believe that such good things as described in Paragraph 1 could ever happen to him?2.W hy does the narrator describe his moving at the age of five as traumatic?3.Why did the narrator quit Sunday school and church?4.W hy does the narrator say the farm animals knew he could talk?5.W hy couldn^t Prof. Crouch stand not being a part of the narrator's school?6.What event made the narrator open his mouth in public without stuttering for the first time?作业：Making sentences with:1.couldn't stand the fact that2.as ifUnit 11每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Mountain Lion5s Attack! 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3 .The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)ing分词的用法2)动词不定式的用法7.Key phrases:stand one k ground, charge at,shrug off, buck up, spin round,in a fit of rage, jump at, takeover, wander into, crouchdown, perch over, wheelaround, edge back20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IITerror in theNight60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why did the narrator enjoyably accept the job as a camp counselor?2.Why did the kids giggle and scream and roar when he taught them how to deal with the mountain lion?3.What made the narrator take over the rear in the midway?4.H ow did he move forward the kids in the rear?5.Did the narrator feel any fear of the cougar at the first sight? Can you find any evidence to support your idea?6.What drove the mountain lion away in the end?作业：Making sentences with:1.Working with the kids could …2.keep bugging sbUnit 12每单元题口教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Christmas Lost and Found 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3 .The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one9s own words;6.Key structure:1)subjunctive mood2)It occurs to sb that…7.Key phrases:sort out, cling to, in rapid succession, reckon on, slide into, in a whirl, take sb in, stop by, fix gaze cm, pull up, shape up, in a whirl, flesh and blood, stir upText IIOne SmallStone,Unforgotten本章讨论题(思考题、作业):l.Why did the narrator desire to have as many2.In what ways was Christmas Boy different fi3.W hat is meant by "Christmas lost"?4.W hy did her granddaughter's solo bring bac5.H ow did the narrator find back Christmas?6.What does the narrator think is the real mea作业：Making sentences with:1.It occurred to me that...2.sit rigid20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the textas six children?rom his foster parents?k bitter-sweet memories to the narrator?ining of Christmas?Unit 13每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Promise of 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the20 mins VocabularyBluebirds text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)名词前多个形容词的排序2)i ng-分词的用法7.Key phrases:be confined to, sparkle with, be renowned for, marvel at, get... out of one's head, let go, lose the fight, fashion... out of..., think back to, make sacrifices for sb 160mins Text StudyText IIMy Son, theLion60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questionson the text本章讨论题(思考题、作业):1.Why did the narrator wonder whether his father would see any bluebird again?2.How do you understand him when the old man said in his bed that he couldn't and didn't want to let go?3.What was the spirit of craftsmanship the old man brought into his job?4.W hat led the narrator to say that her father became an expert on bluebirds?5.W hat features are shared by Caruso's family and the minef s family?6.W hat did the old man give to the bluebirds and what did they give back?作业：Making sentences with:1.be confined to2.marvel at3.get ... out of one's headUnit 14每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text IThe Idiocy of Urban Life 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text 3-The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to the questions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one，s own words;6.Key structure:1）强调句式it be...that/who 的用法2）表示强调语气的其他方式3）a s引导伴随状语的用法4）倒装句的用法7.Key phrases:spare no effort, have no knowledge of, compensate for, rat race, clean up .cruise through, head out of, spread over, create simulations ofText II TheCity本章讨论题（思考题、作业）:1 .What is the purpose of mentioning rats as tn2.W hat is the idiocy of the city dwellers' tryin3.Why does the author call the city dweller^ j4.H ow do you understand the sentence "The c through each day../5?5.What accounts for the fact that "Americans world"?作业：Making sentences with:1 • spare no effort2. have no knowledge of20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the mainidea（s）; pair discussion about thequestions on the textue city dwellers?ig to live outside the city boundaries? lourney to work “the first idiocy of his day9'? :ity dweller reels from unreality to unrealityare most round-shouldered people in theUnit 15每单元题目教学重点和难点课时分配教学组织安排Text I Dolly's False Legacy 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3.The main idea of Text4.Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text;5.Explaining some of thephrases and sentences in thetext in one's own words;6.Key structure:1)t hus, in the first place, aboveall, for example, however, bycontrast, moreover等连接词的用法2)r ather than 的用法3)形容词比较级的用法7.Key phrases:impose upon, cope with, in thefirst place, place importanceon, live up to, seek out, beassociated with, be regulatedby, impose upon, emerge from20 mins Vocabulary160mins Text StudyText IIQuietly,AnimalCloningSpeedsOnward60 mins Exercises30 mins Text II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions onthe text木章讨论题(思考题、作业)：1 .What is Dolly's legacy? Why is it considered false?2.What are the two points that are neglected in the debate over cloning of human beings according to the author?3.In what way is the difference between a cloned child and its natural twin relevant to the main point of the essay?4.W hat is wrong with cloning as a means of bringing back a child killed tragically?5.What is the purpose of giving the example of the production and sale of drugs?6.What would happen if you had yourself cloned someday?作业：Making sentences with:1.rather than2.much higher thanUnit 16每单元题目教学重点和难点Text IThe Story of an Eyewitness 1. Vocabulary2.Structural analysis of the text3. The main idea of Text4. Giving answers to thequestions raised about the text; 5. Explaining some of the phrases and sentences in the text in one^s own words; 6. Key structure: Inversion structure 7. Key phrases: out of gear, fling off, wipe out, hold on to, at a disadvantage, play out, weigh down, sweep down, burden...with, play out, stand intact, lighten upText IIMemories of the San FranciscoEarthquakeand Fire 木章讨论题(思考题、作业):1. What is meant by "all the cunning adjustmei2. H ow did man ，s efforts to combat the conflaj3. Why does the author say “An enumeration o4. C an you tell any reason why lines of soldier5. W hy did man give in completely at the end ( 作业：Making sentences with:1. There is no estimating •…2. at a disadvantage3. hold on to课时分 配 教学组织安排20 minsVocabulary160mins Text Study60 mins Exercises30 minsText II: reading for the main idea(s);pair discussion about the questions on the textnts of a twentieth-century city”? ^ration turn out?)f the dead 一 will never be made”？ s were flung before the march of the flames? of the campaign against the conflagration?。
震撼世界的审判中英互译
The Trial That Rocked the WorldJohn Scopes1、A buzz ran through the crowd as I took my place in the packed court on that sweltering July day in 1925. The counsel for my defence was the famous criminal lawyer Clarence Darrow. Leading counsel for the prosecution was William Jennings Bryan, the silver-tongued orator , three times Democratic nominee for President of the United States, and leader of the fundamentalist movement that had brought about my trial.2、A few weeks before I had been an unknown school-teacher in Dayton,a little town in the mountains of Tennessee. Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over. Seated in court, ready to testify on my behalf, were a dozen distinguished professors and scientists, led by Professor Kirtley Mather of Harvard University. More than 100 reporters were on hand, and even radio announcers, who for the first time in history were to broadcast a jury trial. "Don't worry, son, we'll show them a few tricks," Darrow had whispered, throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open.3、The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at the secondary school. For a number of years a clash had been building up between the fundamentalists and the modernists. The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament. The modernists, on the otherhand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin -- that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.4、Fundamentalism was strong in Tennessee, and the state legislature had recently passed a law prohibiting the teaching of "any theory that denies the story of creation as taught in the Bible." The new law was aimed squarely at Darwin's theory of evolution. An engineer, George Rappelyea, used to argue with the local people against the law. During one such argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution. Since I had been teaching biology, I was sent for.5、"Rappelyea is right," I told them.6、"Then you have been violating the law," one of them Said.7、"So has every other teacher," I replied. "Evolution is explained in Hunter's Civic Biology, and that's our textbook."8、Rappelyea then made a suggestion. "Let's take this thing to court," he said, "and test the legalityof it."9、When I was indicted on May 7, no one, least of all I, anticipated that my case would snowball into one of the most famous trials in U. S. history. The American Civil Liberties Union announced that it would take my case to the U. S Supreme Court if necessary to “establish that a teacher may tell the truth without being sent to jail." Then Bryan volunteered to assist the state in prosecuting me. Immediately therenownedlawyer Clarence Darrow offered his services to defend me. Ironically, I had not known Darrow before my trial but I had met Bryan when he had given a talk at my university. I admired him, although I did not agree with his views.10、By the time the trial began on July 10, our town of 1,500 people had taken on a circusatmosphere. The buildings along the main street were festoonedwith banners. The streets around the three-storey red brick law court sproutedwith rickety stands selling hot dogs, religious books and watermelons. Evangelists set up tents to exhortthe passersby. People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the " infidel outsiders." Among them was John Butler, who had drawn up the anti-evolution law. Butler was a 49-year-old farmer who before his election had never been out of his native county.11、The presiding judge was John Raulston, a florid-faced man who announced: "I'm just a reg’lar mountaineer jedge." Bryan, ageing and paunchy , was assisted in his prosecution by his son, also a lawyer, and Tennessee's brilliant young attorney-general, Tom Stewart. Besides the shrewd 68-year-old Darrow, my counsel included the handsome and magnetic Dudley Field Malone, 43, and Arthur Garfield Hays, quiet, scholarly and steeped in the law. In a trial in which religion played a key role, Darrow was an agnostic, Malone a Catholic and Hays a Jew. My father had come from Kentucky to be with me for the trial.12、The judge called for a local minister to open the session with prayer, and the trial got under way. Of the 12 jurors, three had never read any book except the Bible. One couldn't read. As my father growled, "That's one hell of a jury!"13、After the preliminary sparring over legalities, Darrow got up to make his opening statement. "My friend the attorney-general says that John Scopes knows what he is here for," Darrow drawled. "I know what he is here for, too. He is here because ignorance and bigotryare rampant, and it is a mighty strong combination."14、Darrow walked slowly round the baking court. "Today it is the teachers, "he continued, "and tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century when bigots lighted faggots to burn the men who dared to bring any intelligence and enlightenment and Culture to the human mind. "15、"That damned infidel," a woman whispered loudly as he finished his address.16、The following day the prosecution began calling witnesses against me. Two of my pupils testified, grinning shyly at me, that I had taught them evolution, but added that they had not been contaminated by theexperience. Howard Morgan, a bright lad of 14, testified that I had taught that man was a mammal like cows, horses, dogs and cats.17、"He didn't say a cat was the same as a man?" Darrow asked.18、"No, sir," the youngster said. "He said man had reasoning power."19、"There is some doubt about that," Darrow snorted.20、After the evidence was completed, Bryan rose to address the jury. The issue was simple, he declared "The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below." The spectators chuckled and Bryan warmed to his work. In one hand he brandished a biology text as he denounced the scientists who had come to Dayton to testify for the defence.21、"The Bible," he thundered in his sonorous organ tones, " is not going to be driven out of this court by experts who come hundreds of miles to testify that they can reconcile evolution, with its ancestors in the jungle, with man made by God in His image and put here for His purpose as par t of a divine plan."22、As he finished, jaw out-thrust, eyes flashing, the audience burst into applauseand shouts of "Amen". Yet something was lacking. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie fire. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breath of his oratory as he should have.23、Dudley Field Malone popped up to reply. "Mr. Bryan is not the only one who has the right to speak for the Bible,”he observed. "There are other people in this country who have given up their whole lives to God and religion. Mr. Bryan, with passionate spirit and enthusiasm, has given most of his life to politics." Bryan sipped from a jug of water as Malone's voice grew in volume. He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. 24、"There is never a duel with the truth," he roared. "The truth always wins -- and we are not afraid of it. The truth does not need Mr. Bryan. The truth is eternal, immortal and needs no human agency to support it! "25、When Malone finished there was a momentary hush. Then the court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that for Bryan. But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan, the judge ruled against permitting the scientists to testify for the defence.26、When the court adjourned, we found Dayton's streets swarming with strangers. Hawkerscried their wares on every corner. One shop announced: DARWIN IS RIGHT –INSIDE. (This was J. R. Darwin's Everything to Wear Store.) One entrepreneur rented a shop window to display an ape. Spectators paid to gaze at it and ponderwhether they might be related.27、"The poor brute cowered in a corner with his hands over his eyes, ”a reporter noted, "afraid it might be true. "28、H. L. Mencken wrote sulphurous dispatches sitting in his pants with a fan blowing on him, and there was talk of running him out of town for referring to the local citizenry as yokels . Twenty-two telegraphists were sending out 165,000 words a day on the trial.29、Because of the heat and a fear that the old court's floor might collapse, under the weight of the throng, the trial was resumed outside under the maples. More than 2,000 spectators sat on wooden benches or squattedon the grass, perched on the tops of parked cars or gawked from windows.30、Then came the climax of the trial. Because of the wording of the anti-evolution law, the prosecution was forced to take the position that the Bible must be interpreted literally. Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a witness for the defence. The judge looked startled. "We are calling him as an expert on the Bible," Darrow said. "His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world."31、Bryan was suspicious of the wily Darrow, yet he could not refuse the challenge. For years he had lectured and written on the Bible. He had campaigned against Darwinism in Tennessee even before passage of theanti-evolution law. Resolutely he strode to the stand, carrying a palm fan like a sword to repel his enemies.32、Under Darrow's quiet questioning he acknowledged believing the Bible literally, and the crowd punctuated his defiant replies with fervent "Amens".33、Darrow read from Genesis: "And the evening and the morning were the first day." Then he asked Bryan if he believed that the sun was created on the fourth day. Bryan said that he did.34、"How could there have been a morning and evening without any sun?" Darrow enquired.35、Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence. There were sniggers from the crowd, even among the faithful. Darrow twirled his spectacles as he pursued the questioning. He asked if Bryan believed literally in the story of Eve. Bryan answered in the affirmative.36、"And you believe that God punished the serpent by condemning snakes for ever after to crawl upon their bellies?"37、"I believe that."38、"Well, have you any idea how the snake went before that time?"39、The crowd laughed, and Bryan turned livid. His voice rose and the fan in his hand shook in anger.40、"Your honor," he said. "I will answer all Mr. Darrow's questions at once. I want the world to know that this man who does not believe in God is using a Tennessee court to cast slurs on Him..."41、"I object to that statement,”Darrow shouted. “I am examining you on your fool ideas that no intelligent Christian on earth believes."42、The judge used his gavel to quell the hubbuband adjourned court until next day.43、Bryan stood forlornly alone. My heart went out to the old warrior as spectators pushed by him to shake Darrow's hand.44、The jury were asked to consider their verdict at noon the following day. The jurymen retired to a corner of the lawn and whispered for just nine minutes. The verdict was guilty. I was fined 100 dollars and costs.45、Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat." A few southern papers, loyal to their faded champion, hailed it as a victory for Bryan. But Bryan, sad and exhausted, died in Dayton two days after the trial.46、I was offered my teaching job back but I declined. Some of the professors who had come to testify on my behalf arranged a scholarship for me at the University of Chicago so that I could pursue the study of science. Later I became a geologist for an oil company.47、Not long ago I went back to Dayton for the first time since my trial 37 years ago. The little town looked much the same to me. But now there isa William Jennings Bryan University on a hill-top over looking the valley.48、There were other changes, too. Evolution is taught in Tennessee, though the law under which I was convicted is still on the books. The oratorical storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the passing years.(from Reader's Digest, July, 1962)第十课震撼世界的审判约翰o司科普斯在一九二五年七月的那个酷热日子里，当我在挤得水泄不通的法庭里就位时，人群中响起一阵嘁嘁喳喳的议论声。
基础英语(四)-教学大纲
《基础英语（四）》课程教学大纲【课程基本信息】课程名称：基础英语（四）课程代码：020010课程类别及性质：专业必修课学分/学时：4学分/108学时教材版本：综合英语教程Book 4 【何兆熊主编，综合教程，上海外语教育出版社；2008年5月】教学对象：英专二年级【教学目的与基本要求】通过对本课程的学习，学生将对每个单元的相关文化背景知识做必要的了解，注重对学生的听、说、读、写、译等方面能力的训练，以及对基础语法和词汇的熟练掌握和正确运用，在语言学习的过程中提高学生的综合素质，培养学生的思维能力。
在本学期末，通过本课程的学习，学生应该达到以下要求：1、词汇通过练习能够用英语对词语、句子进行释义；在掌握基本词汇用法的基础上扩大词汇量；掌握课文中出现的词汇及拓展词汇（重点词汇重点掌握，掌握其意思及用法）以及由这些词汇所构成的常用词组，另外加强对专业四级常见词汇的练习。
2、语法学会分析长句结构，巩固及加深以前学过的语法知识，提高在语篇水平上运用语法知识的能力。
3、阅读能力了解英语中各种文体的作用和特点；认识和辨别课文中出现的各种修辞手法，掌握中心大意以及说明中心大意的事实和细节，并能够进行一定的分析、推理和判断，领会整理的观点和态度，使学生掌握一般难度英语原文著作的阅读技巧，提高阅读速度。
4、听的能力通过使用英语授课，提高学生的听觉会意能力；通过听写练习，提高学生应对英语专业四级听写部分的能力。
5、说的能力能就教材内容和适当的话题进行回答和复述，能用英语进行一般的日常会话，能在短暂准备后做简短发言，能够比较清楚地表达思想，语音、语调基本正确。
6、写的能力能够在教师指导下分析、欣赏文章的写作技巧、文章的结构、语言特点；使学生初步掌握各种文章的写作能力及写作技巧7、译的能力能够通过练习使用固定的词汇或短语将简单的汉语句子翻译成英语，理解正确，能够准确在两种语言之间进行翻译。
【教学方法】1、进行课文导入，如与课文相关的背景知识和整理介绍等。
应用文Unit+8-Notice+and+Announcement
It may be an announcement of a meeting, a party, a film or video show, a contest, a match, etc. Such a notice includes at least 4 parts: 1. Date – day of the week – time 2. Place 3. Activity 4.Audience
• Language should be concise, simple, accurate and formal
English Writing Ⅰ
REMINDERS
In notice writing people tend to sound formal and avoid using words like “I”, “we”, etc
on Tuesday, May 11, 2015, at 9:00 a.m. in Room 422 of the Main Teaching Building. All teachers of first-year and second-year students
Date, time Venue
are expected to attend the class.
The Student Union
December 31, 2014
FORMAT OF A NOTICE
Notice
Notice
An Open English class will be offered
purpose
by Mr. Jianguo Wang, professor of English Pedagogy
Who is to attend
外事笔译
• 外事翻译的定义 外事翻译就是外事话语（discourse of foreign affairs)的翻译。具体而言，就是把一种语言在 某一外事话语中表达的意义用另一种语言中符 合外事活动话语规范的语言表达出来，使译文 能够在听者或读者中产生与源语外事话语在源 语听者或读者中产生的相同效果。
• 外事翻译的特点 外事翻译的内容主要是在各种外交、外事场合上口头和书 面的讲话和文件。在外事场合，口、笔译往往同时使用。 比如建交谈判、关于国际公约的谈判，都要求译员既能 口译，又能将所谈的内容和结果落实到文字上，成为公 报、公约、条约、备录、协议等。有时是先口译，然后 产生文件。有时则在讲话、演讲前将稿件译好，再到现 场作口译。
• 联合公报：是政党之间、国家之间或政府之间就某些重 大事项或问题经过会谈、协商取得一致意见或达成谅解 后，双方联合签署发布的文件。 • 新闻公报：是以新闻的形式将重大事件向国内外公布的 文件。与新闻相似，新闻公报在语义组织上遵循新闻写 作中的“首重原则”，即将最主要的信息在文本的开头 就呈现出来，然后按信息的重要程度依次组织文本。 • 联合新闻公报：既具有联合公报的正式性和信息性，也 具有新闻公报的时效性和新闻性。
• 第三，就翻译处理方式而言，外事翻译可分为全译、节 译、摘译、编译和译述等类别。
•
本课程以外事笔译为主体教学内容，主要包括各类外事文书。外事文书分类如下：
外交文书：国家间、政府间、外交部和驻外外交代表机关在外交活动 中形成的书面文件。（公报、声明、宣言、白皮书等）
对外文书：国家机关、地方政府、军队、人民团体及其领导人和官员 在外事活动中形成的书面文件。（外事活动中的领导人发言稿、涉 外合同等） 对外交往文书：对外交往中为处理一系列事务性和日常性工作而制作 和使用的文书。（照会、备忘录、邀请信和请柬、对外函件外事访 问日程表、涉外名片等） 涉外礼仪文书：以信函和电子邮件方式传递信息、互通情况及交流感 情的涉外文书。（祝贺函电、感谢函电、慰问函电、吊唁函电等） 涉外旅行文书：涉外旅行管理机构和出国人员在办理出入世界各国过 境手续过程中制作和使用的一系列专用文书。（护照、签证与签证 申请表、黄皮书、入境表与出境表、海关申报表等）
2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题
2003年全国大学生英语竞赛初赛试题2003 National English Contest for College Students （Preliminary）(1)Part I Listening Comprehension（30 minutes，30 points）Section A Dialogues（10points）Directions：In this section ，you will hear 10 short dialogues．At the end of each dialogue，a question will be asked about what was said．Both the dialogue and the question will be read only once．After each question there will be a pause．during the pause，you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D，and decide which is the best answer．Then m ark the corresponding letter on the An swer Sheet with a single line through the centre．1．A．A sales clerk．B．A police officer．C．A tailor．D．A nurse．2．A．By train．B．She walks．C．By car．D．By bus．3．A．Fish is the only dish left．B．Chicken is the only dish left．C．V egetarian m eals are not offered．D．There aren't any vegetarian meals left．4．A．He starts work next weekend．B．He'll be away．C．He'll be in the m ountains．D．He's moving to Florida．5．A．In an elevator．B．At a dress store．C．On the seventh floor．D．At a department store．6．A．They felt it was disorganized．B．They were pleased with its Asian content．C．They felt it lacked Asian content．D．They felt it ignored recent events．7．A．He doesn't have enough time．B．He doesn't have a watch．C．The library doesn't have the articles he wants．D．He can't find the library．8．A．He wants the woman to dine out with them．B．He wants to work tomorrow．C．He wants the woman to finish dinner first．D．He wants to pay for the dinner．9．A．Twice a day．B．Twice a week．C．Once a week．D．Daily．10．A．At two o'clock．B．At four o'clock．C．At three thirty．D．At eight o'clock．Section B News Items（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear 10 pieces of short news from BBC or VOA．There will be a question following each piece of news．Write down the answer to each question in no more than 15words．11．_______________________________________12．_______________________________________13．_______________________________________14．_______________________________________15．_______________________________________16．_______________________________________17．_______________________________________18．_______________________________________19．_______________________________________20．_______________________________________Section C Compound Dictation（10 points）Directions：In this section，you will hear a passage three times．When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general idea．Then listen to the passage again．When the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 21 to 28 with the exact words you have just heard．For blanks numbered from 29 to 30，you are required to fill in the missing information．You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written and rewrite the correct answers on the Answer Sheet．Although General Motors and General Electric are large multinational companies with operations around the globe，there are numerous smaller companies that engage in international trade．Because 95percent of the world's population and two-thirds of its（21）_____ power are located outside the United States，it is im portant for American（22）_____to be present in foreign markets．However，before we explain the different methods by which a company may（23）_____in international trade，we might first consider some important（24）_____that U.S．companies often fail to study before they sell products in a foreign country．These factors are（25）_____with differences in language，in values and attitudes，and in political（26）_____．When（27）_____Coca-Cola into the Chinese market in 1920，the company used a group of Chinese symbols that，when spoken，sounded like Coca-Cola．However，when read，these symbols meant，“a female horse fattened with wax”．Upon reentering the Chinese market in the 1970s，Coca-Cola used a series of Chinese（28）_____that translates into“happiness in the mouth”．（29）_________________________．Culture is the total pattern of human behavior that is practiced by a particular group of people．（30）_________________________．Part II Vocabulary and Structure（15minutes，30 points）Section A Multiple Choice（20 points）Directions：Questions 31-50 constitute a complete passage．There are 20blanks in the passage．For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．Choose the one that best completes the sentence．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．31．Senior Metropolitan police officers tried to dismiss the Notting Hill race riots which raged for five nights over the August bank holiday in 1958 as the work of“ruffians ，both coloured and white”hell-bent on hooliganism ，according to _____ official files．A．recent revealed B．newly releasedC．previous disclosing D．earlier exposing32．But police eyewitness reports in the secret papers_____ that they were overwhelmingly the work of a white working class mob out to get the“niggers”．A．contain B．convinceC．consist D．confirm33．The ferocity of the Notting Hill“racial riots”，as the press called them at the time，shocked Britain into_____ for the first time that it was not above the kind of racial conflict then being played out in the American deep south．A．realizing B．witnessingC．watching D．identifying34．The carnival，which will_____ the streets of west London _____more than 1.5 million people this weekend，was started in 1959 as a direct rsponse to the riots．A．crowd；of B．pour；forC．fill；with D．emerge；in35．While senior officers tried to play down the racial aspects of the riots，the internal Metropolitan police files released this month at the public record office confirm that the disturbances were overwhelmingly _____ by 300 to 400 strong“Keep Britain White”mobs ，many of them Teddy boys armed with iron bars ，butcher's knives and weighted leather belts，who went“nigger-hunting”among the West Indian residents of Notting Hill and Notting Dale．A．erupted B．commencedC．triggered D．inaugurated36．The first night left five black men _____ on the pavements of Notting Hill．A．lying unconscious B．there diedC．feel faint D．serious hurt37．The battles raged over the bank holiday weekend as the black _____responded in kind with counterattacks by large groups of“men of colour”similarly armed．A．column B．armyC．brigade D．community38．Thomas Williams was stopped by the police as he came out of Bluey's Club on Talbot Road，Notting Hill．He _____a piece of iron down his left trouser leg，a petrol bomb in his right pocket and a razor blade in his inside breast pocket：“I have to protect myself，”he told the arresting officer．A．found to have B．was found to haveC．found having D．was found having39．The _____ files，which were sealed under the 75-year rule but have been released early，show that senior officers tried to convince the then home secretary，“Rab”Butler，that there was not a racial element to the rioting．A．forbidden B．confidentialC．incredible D．strict40．In his official report，Detective Sergeant M.Walters of the Notting Hill police said the national press had been wrong to portray the“widespread series of street disturbances”as“racial”riots：“W hereas there certainly was some _____ feeling between white and coloured residents in this area，it is abundantly clear much of the trouble was caused by ruffians，both coloured and white，who seized on this opportunity to indulge in hooliganism ．”A．ill B．sickC．painful D．hurt41．But the police witness statem ents and private statistics _____ ．A．told differently B．interpreted in a different wayC．existed m any differences D．told a different story42．The Met com missioner was told that _____ the 108people who were charged with offences ranging from grievous bodily harm to affray and riot and possessing offensive weapons，72 were white and 36 were “coloured”．A．for B．fromC．of D．in43．It is popularly believed that the riot began on the night of Saturday，August 20，when a 400-strong crowd of white men，_____“Teds”，attacked houses occupied by West Indians．A．they are all B．many of themC．some were D．most of them belong to44．Among the _____ was Majbritt Morrison ，a young white Swedish bride of a Jamaican．A．offenders B．riotersC．victims D．residents45．She was pelted with stones，glass and wood，and _____ in the back with an iron bar as she tried to get home．A．bruised B．struckC．patted D．scratched46．The internal police witness statements provide graphic evidence of the motives of the mobs—at one point crowds several thousand strong roamed the streets of Notting Hill，_____ homes and attacking any West Indian they could find．A．plunging into B．breaking intoC．seeking for D．searching for47．PC Richard Bedford said he had seen a mob of 300 to 400 white people in Bramley Road _____：“We will kill all black bastards．Why don't you send them home？”A．shouting B．to cryC．utter D．announced48．PC Ian McQueen on the same night said he was told：“Mind your own _____，cops．Keep out of it．We will settle these niggers our way．We'll m urder the bastards．”A．matters B．affairC．things D．business49．The distubances continued night after night until they finally petered out on September 5．At the Old Bailey Judge Salmon later handed down exemplary _____ of four years each on nine white youths who had gone “nigger hunting”．A．decisions B．statementsC．trials D．sentences50．While those dealt with by the courts were overwhelmingly white ，the large number of black people also arrested and the official _____ there had not been a racial motive ensured a legacy of black mistrust of the Metropolitan police that has never really been eradicated．A．persistence B．perseveranceC．insistence D．instanceSection B Er r or Cor r ection（10points）Directions：The following passage contains 9 errors．In each case only one word is involved．You should proofread the passage on the Answer Sheet and correct it in the following way：EXAMPLEOne night，quite late，I was still awake in the room I am shared with 1 am ．my husband．I was lying on my right side and can hear a child crying．2 cound ．Getting up，I went∧see if our son was all right．3 to ．He was sleeping soundly，breathing deeply and gently．4 √．The ZipperWhatever did we do before the invention of the zipper？In 1893 the world's first zipper was produced in Chicago．Although the inventor claimed that it was a reliable fasteningfor clothing，this was not the case．The Chicago zipper sprang 51．______open without warning，or jammed shut，and it swiftly lostpopularity．Twenty years ago a Swedish-born engineer called 52．______Sundback solved the problem．He attached tiny cups to thebacks of the interlocked teeth，and this meant that the teeth 53．______could be enmeshed more firmly and reliably．At first zippers were made of metal．They were heavy，andif they got stuck it was difficult to free．Then came nylon 54．______zippers which were lighter and easier to use，and had smallerteeth．The fashion industry liked the new zippers far betterbecause they did't distort the line of the garment or weighing 55．______down light fabrics．They were also easier for the machiniststo fit into the garment．Meanwhile a new fastening agent made its appearance atthe end of the twenty century :velcro. Velcro is another product 56．______made from nylon．Nylon is a very tough synthetic fibre firstdeveloped in the 1930s，and bearing a name to mind the wearer 57．______of the two places where it was developed：NY for New York andLON for London．Velcro is made with very small nylon hooks onone side of the fastening which caught tiny looped whiskers on the 58．______other side of the fastening．It is strong and durable．Velcro is used on clothing，luggages and footwear．It is quick 59．______and easy to fasten and unfasten，and has taken a large part ofthe zipper's share of the market．It is also used in ways a zippercannot be used—for instance as an easily changed fastening onplaster casts，and to hold furnishing fabrics in a position．60．______Part III Situational Dialogues（5 minutes，10 points）Directions：Complete the following dialogues by choosing the best answer．Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．61．Rob：Hey Jill，you're looking great．Jill：Thanks，Rob．____________Rob：Well，you did it．How？Jill：I jog every morning，and I go to aerobics every other day．A．I bought this dress yesterday．Really smart．B．You are looking fine too．C．I'm recovering my strength after the flu．D．My New Year's resolution was to get in shape．62．Bob：Hi Jane．How are you？Jane：____________I didn't sleep a wink last night．The people next door were making a lot of noise again till very late at night．A．I'm feeling a bit out of sorts this morning．B．Fine，thank you．And you？C．I slept like a log and didn't want to get out of bed．D．It seems a bit unusual，you know．63．Ann ：Aah！He's gorgeous！Look at those big，golden paws．When did you get him？Roger：Yesterday．____________Ann ：Oh，right．What kind is she？Roger：A Labrador．A．Susan's got a more beautiful one．B．What's up？C．It's a she actually．D．Isn't it right？64．Tina：Wow，look at all the things on sale．____________Andrew：Yes，look，this shirt is 50 ％off．Tina：And look at these shoes．They are 30 ％off the normal price．A．I'd like to buy a skirt．B．There are some real bargains．C．Are the prices reasonable？D．These shoes are the same as mine．65．Woman：Have you finished the packaging？Man ：____________Woman：Good．Because the truck will be coming soon，this is a rush job．A．Don't hurry m or I'll break the glass．B．Almost．I just have to wrap the glass and put it into boxes．C．No，I haven't．Why didn't you help me with it？D．Yes，I have．What else can I do for you？66．Customs Officer ：________________________Mrs．John son ：No，nothing at all．Customs Officer ：No perfume，alcohol or cigarettes？Mrs．John son ：Well，I have 200 cigarettes；that's all．A．Do you have anything in the bag，ma'am？B．Do you have anything to declare，ma'am？C．Do you want to buy something，ma'am？D．Is there anything I can do for you，ma'am？67．Linda：Hello．I'd like to send this package，please．Clerk：____________________________________Linda：First class．How long will that take？Clerk：About three days．A．How would you like to send it？B．Which class are you in？C．Where do you want to send it to？D．Which class is it in？68．Assistant：Can I help you？Colin ：Yes，it's about this sports shirt．I washed it the other day．The colour ran and it shrank．Assistant：Oh dear，I see．________________________Colin ：I'm afraid not．Assistant：I'm sorry，but I'm not allowed to change anything without a receipt．A．Did you buy it here？B．Would you want to change it？C．Do you have the receipt？D．Could you tell me who sold it to you？69．James：Could I have my bill，please？Can I pay by credit card or eurocheque？Receptionist：____________James：I'll pay by credit card，then．Receptionist：That's fine．I hope you enjoyed your stay here．A．Here's your bill．B．Sorry，we don't take credit card．C．You can pay by eurocheque．D．Yes，we take both．70．Husband：When is our anniversary？Wife：________________________Husband：No，it's just that I bought these flowers for you and I was hoping today was the day．A．Hmm ．．．I can't remember either．Why？B．Hey，are these flowers for me？C．Who cares？Do you want to give me a surprise？D．Are you joking？Have you really forgotten again？Part IV Reading Comprehension（25 minutes，40 points）Section A Multiple Choice（10 points）Directions：There is one reading passage in this part．The passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D．You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．Questions 71 to 75 are based on the following passage：Taking a peep at what's going on in your headCARL Filer，18，a star salesman at a B＆Q hardware store in the UK，was called up for promotion within one week of starting work．But，instead of being made supervisor，he was sacked—after his employers saw the results of his psychometric test．You might think that anyone who answers that he“strongly disagrees he is an over-achiever is asking fortrouble，but Mr Filer already thought he had proved himself more than capable．This year，nearly half of UK firms—46 percent—will use psychometric tests to select trainees，compared with just 17 percent in 2000，according to a report for GTI，a publisher of graduate career guides．These tests，which rate candidates' ability and gauge their personality，have been used in the UK since the 1980s．But assorted studies have shown most people—graduates in particular—are wholly cynical about the ideaof their personality being“measured．“People tend to see them as either too silly or too clever， says Clive Fletcher，professor of occupational psychology at University of London．“But all the evidence indicates the tests do have some value．The first personality test as we know it，was developed by the American army in 1917 to filter out weak recruits．But it was not until the 1980s that the tests became popular in Britain．With a rising number of graduates going for a decreasing number of jobs，organizations began to see psychometric testing as a cheap，reliable alternative to the expensive，time-consuming interview．But today the tests are becoming alarmingly sophisticated and are edging towards probing the“dark side：pathology and personality disorders．Increasingly，tests are being used to try to detect promising young graduates who may，later in life，fly off the rails（go crazy）；or to stop psychopaths（having mental disorder）getting recruited．In the future，interviewees could even be given a mouth swab to reveal the genetic and biological markers of personality．“We are heading for the era of genetic screening，”warns Carolyn Jones，of the Institute forEmployment Rights．“I think these tests are very flawed．And there are other problems with the tests．For starters，it is possible to fake it—even the test producers agree on this．But they have made it as hard as possible．For example，look at whether you agree or disagree with thefollowing two statements：“New ideas come easily to me and“I find generating new concepts difficult．How long did it take you to realize they both could mean the same thing？The main argument，however，is that the tests are invalid and cannot quantify（put a numerical value on）something as changeable as personality．The golden rule is then，that a psychometric test should never be used as the sole basis of selection，but should always be followed by interviews．71．Most people's attitude towards the psychometric test is ______．A．contemptuous B．favorable C．tolerant D．confounded72．Which of the following is one of the reasons why psychometric testing wins an advantage over interviews？A．It doesn't cost any money．B．It requires no equipment．C．It is time-saving．D．It can be done within seconds．73．Which of the following statements is the author's idea？A．Psychometric tests are defective．B．Psychometric tests should not be the only way to recruit promising young graduates．C．Psychometric tests are invalid and cannot quantify something changeable as personality．D．Psychometric tests are golden rules．74．The test producers make the tests very complicated to ______．A．avoid cheating B．improve genetic screeningC．find out the best ideas D．generate new concepts75．Which of the following is not true according to the passage？A．The American army developed the first personality test to screen out weak recruits．B．In the future，interviewers could give a mouth swab to reveal interviewees' symptoms．C．There are possibilities for starters to cheat in the psychometric tests．D．Interviews still play an important role in evaluating interviewees．Section B Short Answer Questions（30 points）Directions：In this part there are 3 passages with 15 questions or incomplete statements．Read the passages carefully．Then answer the questions in the fewest possible words（not exceeding 10 words）．Remember to rewrite the answers on the Answer Sheet．Questions 76 to 80 are based on the following passage：The 8 Steps of Social Invention1．Get ready to play．Like other types of creativity，social inventiveness flourishes when you begin thinking outside conventional boundaries．Charlie Girsch，a St．Paul，Minnesota-based creativity consultant，suggests that you start by playing with obviously absurd explanations for everyday events．“If traffic is slow，you'll be tem pted to say，‘Hmm．Must be an accident up ahead．’Instead，try saying，‘Must be a family of turtles crossing the highway’or‘I expect there's some kind of alien abduction going on．’You'll be amazed how soon you will be looking at familiar problems in new ways．”Girsch's book，Fanning the Creative Spirit（Creativity Central，1999）has scores of other exercises for limbering up the inventive part of your brain．2．Generate a zillion far-fetched ideas．Concerned about the homeless in your neighborhood？Imagine a Homeless Parliament，a Homeless Circus，homeless families forming an orchestra，a homeless museum ．．．and on and on．Generate like mad with no regard for feasibility in order，as social invention pioneer Nicholas Albery advises，to“overcom e worthy-but-dull ideas．”Eventually the two or three best ideas will begin to stand out．3．Take your wildest idea and bring it down to earth．How about that Homeless Circus？Could it turn into a forum for homeless people to display their creative talents？A performance series about homelessness？A neighborhood carnival with the homeless as guests of honor？Your flakiest idea may have a germ of brilliance that actually makes it more attractive，and thus more feasible（and fundable），than its worthy-but-dull cousins．4．Look for in ventions that solve more than one problem．The Slow Food Movement，born in Italy，boosts local farmers and regional cuisine traditions and restaurateurs and the same time that it“feeds”our hunger for authentic tastes，healthy eating，and a more leisurely，saner style of life．5．Accen tuate the positive．“A very common question that I get when I work with people in communities is‘Why doesn't anybody care about our problems？’”notes M chael Patterson，a social inventor and activist in Massachusetts．“What a worthless question．‘Why’？questions are for philosophers．Ask‘How’？and‘What’？questions—they are a lot more practical．”For instance，Patterson asks，“What would you do if you knew you couldn't fail？”6．Give it a rest．Walk away from your favorite idea for a while，forget about it，let it sleep．With your conscious mind out of the way，your subconscious gets to fiddle with the concept for a while，and you just might have an unexpected insight or breakthrough．7．Practice“yes and”in stead of“yes but”．No matter how tempted you are to say“Yes，but this will be hard because，”or“Yes，but a million other people are doing this，”shift the conjunction to“and”and see what sort of positive refinement or change emerges．“Yes，and we could concentrate on immigrants．”“Yes，and we can make it open to all ages．”8．Get your idea into the world．This is the tough part．You might seek out the help of activists who will take a shine to your ideas．Or become an organizer yourself．Paul Glove，a New York social inventor，coun-sels：“If you have an idea you believe in，write a pamphlet with your phone number on it and post it in laundromats and bookstores．If three people call you，have lunch with them and call yourselves an organization．If five people call，meet with them and issue a press release．”Presto，you're launched．76．To generate far-fetched ideas helps to ______．77．Michael Patterson wants us to come up with“How”？and“What”？instead of“Why”？questions because he considers they are more practical than ______．78．The purpose to practice“yes and”instead of“yes but”is to make yourself more ______．79．According to the article，when one has difficulty developing his favorite idea，he should ______．80．One should not only generate far-fetched ideas but also ______ because the latter step is the nearest to reality．Questions 81 to 85 are based on the following passage：Thin Slice of TV Has Big MarketIt is too early to write an obituary for bulky picture tubes，which will remain the most affordable TV sets for years to come．But，analysts and industry executives insist that thin screens already have started to become the dominant format for TV sets in the digital era．Sharp price cuts have brought plasma sets and other thin，flat televisions out of high-end electronic boutiques and into thousands of mass-market outlets such as Cosco，a wholesale buying club in the US，best known for offering members bulk items and big discounts．The least expensive plasma sets still cost a hefty US ＄3，000or more ，yet sales are growing so rapidly that many manufacturers are racing to boost production．That increase，combined with expanding production capacity and improved technology，could push the price of plasma sets down by one-third next year，according to analyst Richard Doherty of Envisioneering Group，a US research firm．But manufacturers are not just competing with each other；they are also trying to fend off challenges from competing thin-screen technologies，such as liquid crystal displays（LCD）．The demand for thin screens is fuelled in part by the advent of DVDs and digital TV broadcasts，which offer more detailed pictures and more lifelike colours than conventional analog TV signals．To see the difference，consumers need a set that can pack more information onto the screen than their current TVs can．This sharpness is most vivid on screens that are 40inches diagonal or larger．At that size，however，traditionaldirect view and projection TVs are so bulky that many consumers have trouble finding a place for them at home．Hence the interest in thin screens—models slender and light enough to hang on a wall．The glass panels at the heart of plasma and LCD sets come mainly from about a dozen companies with factories in Japan，South Korea and，increasingly，China．About 800，000 plasma panels will be shipped this year around the world，analysts say．That is a tiny amount compared with the overall market for TVs，which was about 140 million sets lastyear．But，industry experts said 2003would be a“breakout year for plasma because shipments should double．Helping drive the growth are new or expanded manufacturing facilities．For example，Japanese electronics giant NEC last year doubled the capacity of its Japanese factory—reaching 300，000to 400，000 plasma panels．And it plans to double it again in 2003，officials said．As competition has heated up during the last four years，prices have fallen more than 50 percent．According to “NPD Techworld”，the average price of a plasma display sold in the US dropped from US ＄12，700in January 1999 to US ＄6，100in October 2002．The best markets for plasma screens have been in Asia，and about half of the sets have gone to businesses instead of homes．LCD TVs carry a premium price—they can be 10 times as expensive as a comparable tube-driven television—that knocks them out of most buyers' budgets．But LCD panels are quickly taking over the market for computer monitors，and the tens of millions of panels being produced for that segment will help push down prices for LCD TVs，analysts predicted．Sharp Electronics，for one，is betting heavily on LCDs．Its chairman，Toshiaki Urushisako，has predicted that Sharp will switch completely from conventional tube sets to LCD TVs in Japan by 2005．Flat-panel refers to wafer-thin（3 inches or less）TVs，whereas flat-screen may actually describe traditional cathode-ray-tube sets（CRTs）whose glass front lacks the distorting curve that TVs have had for 50 years．Be aware of two things：One，flat-panel technology may not be high-definition TV；for eventual HDTV reception，some of these sets will require a separate HD tuner．Two，some flat-panel TVs are just the panel and lack speakers and sometimes a built-in tuner．Price range：US ＄700－2，000LCD vs plasmaIn general，LCD technology is used for smaller screens because of the enormous number of transistors needed to turn the gaslike liquid crystals into colour images．The larger the display，the more transistors，the more chance of failed connections．A plasma screen is found in TV sets larger than 20 inches．Colour is comparable to an LCD's．LCDs do not deteriorate over time，while a plasma display averages 30，000 hours（a traditional TV screen can go for 20，000），after which it fades over a period of years．Earlier problems with the quality of plasma's contrast have been addressed，and current screens are cleaner and better defined．Price range：US ＄600－2，800HDTVSimply put，high-definition TV is 10 times as sharp as traditional TV，and the sound is digital，like CD sound，not FM ，which is what traditional TV provides．HD technology achieves its visual clarity with more immage lines on the screen．Where analog TVs have 480 horizontal lines，HDTV has 720 or 1，080lines．Be aware ：m any HDTV sets being sold now are in fact only HDTV monitors ，offering a crisp picture ．To receive genuine high-definition television signals，owners must buy a separate HDTV receiver．Price range：US ＄1，000－6，000LOS ANGELEST IMES81．According to the article，TV sets with _____will still be the most popular in the coming years．。
大学英语课前演讲presentation
Choose an appropriate language style based on the content of the speech and the characteristics of the audience, such as formal, informal, or humorous.
01
Introduction
Theme Introduction
Theme
The impact of technology on our lives
Description
The presentation will focus on how technology has transformed our lives in various aspects, including communication, education, entertainment, and work
Use visual aids
Use visual aids such as slides, charts, or handouts to support your presentation and help you move through your material more quickly
Practice makes perfect
02 03
Correct grammar and spelling
Ensure that your language is grammatically correct and free of spelling errors This helps to understand a sense of professionalism
新生代英语高级教程2+Unit+3
新⽣代英语⾼级教程2+Unit+3教案课程名称新⽣代英语⾼级教程2课时班级专业教师系部教研室教材《新⽣代英语⾼级教程2》1教学计划教学单元Unit3“How much is the rent?”单元主题●Renting a house课时安排8教学内容●Show Time“How much is the rent?”●ReadingFor rent●Chat TimeI’ve just invested in a property.●WritingA post for rent●GrammarWould rather,had better●My StoryWhere I live教学⽬标教学活动建议Warm-up To get students to talkabout the main topicof this unit in acomfortable andrelaxed manner●Explain to students that the focus of thisunit is on renting property and services.●Ask students to tell you what they knowabout renting a property,such as:Whatwould you need to do first,if you want torent a house?●Organize students into pairs.Give themseveral minutes to complete the task.●Check answers around the class.Focus onthe correct pronunciation of the newwords and expressions.2Vocabulary Builder A and BTo teach students newvocabulary related torenting a house ●Have students listen and repeat the words and the expression,teaching the definitionfor each one.You can check theircomprehension by asking questions,suchas:What is the agreement you sign whenyou rent a house?(lease)What do we calla person who owns a rental property?(landlord)What substance is burned forheating?(gas)●Once students seem comfortable with thenew words and the expression,have themcomplete Exercise B and then switchbooks.Go through the answers,calling ondifferent students each time.Correct anyerrors.●If you want to,you can start each classwith a short spelling test,which worksquite well as a warm-up.CTo improve students’listening and comprehension skills ●Tell students they will hear a conversation in which a woman tells her friend abouther new place.●You may need to go over a few words inthe conversation,such as utilities,downtown and App.You can write thesewords on the blackboard and askquestions,such as:Which word means thecommercial part of the city?(downtown)Which word means useful householdthings such as water,gas and electricity?(utilities)Which word is a softwareprogram?(App)●Play the audio,twice if necessary.Pausethe audio so that students have time to fillin the blanks.DTo improve students’speaking and comprehension skills●Ask students to look at the picture andelicit what it is(a layout plan of anapartment).●Challenge students to see who can be thefirst to correctly label the plan.●Check answers around the class,focusingon the correct pronunciation of the targetlanguage.3Show Time ATo teach studentsspeaking skillsthrough the use ofpictures ●Tell students to look at the pictures andask some basic comprehension questions,such as:Who are these people?Where arethey?What are they doing?●Ask students to guess what happened inthis video and to match the pictures to thesentences according to their ownunderstanding.●Have students watch the video in itsentirety.Ask them to check their answerswith a partner.B,C and DTo improve students’listening comprehension through the use of video ●For Exercise B,ask students to read through each statement and to decide if itis true or false.●For Exercise C,play the video again.Havefour students read out the conversation.You can also have students rewrite theconversation,using the words andexpressions learned in this unit.●For Exercise D,have students readthrough each sentence and choose thecorrect word.●Check the answers for Exercises B,C,andD.Students can exchange books andlisten as you go through the answers.Reading A,B and CTo improve students’readingcomprehensionExercise A●Get students to glance at the ads and tellyou what are for rent,referring to thepictures and titles.●Read the rubric and give students severalminutes to complete the task.Stress thatthey do not need to understand everysingle word in order to match thesentences to the ads.●Check answers around the class. Exercise B●Ask students to read the ads morethoroughly.Encourage students to refer toWORDS&EXPRESSIONS.●Read the rubric,stressing that studentsmust complete the sentences with amaximum of three words.●Allow students to check their answers with4a partner before conducting classfeedback.Exercise C●Get students to choose the best answer toeach question.●Check answers around the class.D,E and FTo review the useful words and expressions Exercise D ●Read the words in the boxes aloud,modeling correct pronunciation andgetting students to repeat after you.●Monitor as students complete thesentences,offering support wherenecessary.●Fast finishers can write their examplesentences using the words.●Check answers around the class. Exercise E●Read the rubric.Elicit the opposite of“danger”(safety)and do the first sentencetogether as an example.●Ask students to complete the rest of thetask alone.Be on hand to offer supportwhere needed.●Check answers around the class.Helpstudents remember the new language byasking questions,such as:Do youexercise regularly?What traditional fooddo you eat during the Spring Festival? Exercise F●Direct students’attention to the wordsearch.●Organize students into groups.Challengethem to see who can be the first tocomplete it.●As a possible extension task,get studentsto write sentences containing the wordsfrom this activity.Beyond the TextTo improve students’critically thinking abilityExercise A●Focus students’attention on the poster andnominate a student to read it aloud.●Check students’understanding by askingquestions,such as:Why might someonerent a laptop?(They can’t afford to buy5one.)When is the best time to rent alaptop?(Before the summer holiday,asthere is a discount.)●Read the rubric /doc/c3c52ead0b12a21614791711cc7931b764ce7b65.html anize students into pairs.Give them several minutes todecide on the product they want toadvertise,and then ask them to take notes.●Circulate as students design their posters.Encourage them to refer to the exampleposter.●Check the wording of students’posters.Ifthere is time,students should decoratetheir posters to make them as attractive aspossible.Display students’work on theclassroom wall.Exercise B●Read the rubric aloud.Elicit the meaning of the term“sharing economy”.(An economic system in which property and assets are shared or exchanged between individuals.)●Organize students into small groups.Ask them to discuss and to make a list of the pros and cons of sharing economy.●Monitor student’s discussions,prompting them where necessary and taking notes of any particularly interesting ideas.●Conduct class feedback.Generate as much discussion as possible and write any new language on the blackboard.Chat Time To improve students’listening,speaking,writing and actingskills through the useof conversationExercises A&B●For Exercise A,explain to students that they will hear a conversation in whichtwo people discuss property investment. Introduce the key words for this conversation.●Tell students to listen carefully and to write down what they hear in the blanks.If necessary,pause the audio so that students have time to write.●Have students practice talking about housing using the questions in Exercise B.●Have students read through LANGUAGE 6Writing To improve students’writing skills andlearn to write a postExercise A●Tell students that they are going to learn how to write a post looking for a roommate.●Focus students’attention on Greg’s post. Read the post as a class.Ask questions to check students’understanding,such as: How many bedrooms does Greg’s apartment have?How much is the rent? What kind of roommate is he looking for?●Ask students to read Marco’s reply and get them to complete the three boxes.●Allow students to check their answers witha partner before conducting class feedback.Exercise B●Focus students’attention on the words and expressions in the boxes.Allow them to check the meanings of any unfamiliar ones.●Read the rubric aloud and ask students to complete the task.●Check answers around the class. NOTE,which teaches idioms related to eggs.Ask students if they know any other idioms related to food.Exercise C●Read the rubric.Focus students’attention on the pros and cons of buying and renting a property.Discuss these as a class,and allow students to ask questions about any unfamiliar language.●Ask two confident students to readEXAMPLE aloud.Get students toperform the role-play in pairs.Circulate, noting down examples of good language you hear,and also writing down any issues to address in the class feedback session.●Conduct class feedback.Nominate a pair to perform their role-play to the rest of the class.7Exercise C●Tell students to match the two halves to make sentences which would typically be found in posts seeking roommates.●Challenge students to see who can be the first to complete the task.●Read the sentences around the class.Ask students to rewrite the sentences so that they could be true for them and their apartments.Exercise D●Read the rubric aloud.Encourage students to refer to the previous exercises to help them write their posts.●Circulate as students write their posts, offering support where necessary.●Display students’posts on the wall.Get students to choose the one they find most attractive and to explain why they chose it.Grammar To teach students howto use would ratherand had betterExercise A●Start by explaining that we use wouldrather to express a preference.Write an example on the blackboard,such as:I would rather eat a hamburger than a hot dog.Tell students that we say the thingwe want to do first.Ask students to comeup with their example sentences.●Explain that we use had better to give strong advice to someone.Write an example on the blackboard,such as:You had better study for the test.Ask studentsto come up with their example sentences.●Once students seem comfortable with the grammar,have them complete the exercise and then switch books to correct their mistakes.Exercise B●Get students to remind you of the difference between would rather and had better.●Ask students to skim the conversation and look at the pictures.Ask questions to8check understanding,such as:Why does Freya not like her roommate?What do Freya and Tracy decide to do?What would you do in this situation?●Read the rubric and get students to complete the task.Allow students tocheck their answers with a partner. Nominate a couple of confident studentsto perform the conversation to the rest of the class.My Story To improve students’listeningcomprehension andspeaking abilitythrough the use ofvideo Exercises A&B●Tell students that they will see a video in which real people talk about where they live.●Play the video and have students complete the true or false statements in Exercise A.In some cases,you may need to pause the video to help students.●Have students tell you the answers, correcting any mistakes.Play the video again and have students answer the questions in Exercise B,pausing the videoif necessary.Check students’answers, correcting any mistakes.Exercise C●Read the questions aloud.Give students several minutes to think about how they’ll answer each question and to take some notes.●Organize students into pairs to ask each other questions and to share their answers. Nominate a few students to report back on their partners’answers.课后学习设计作业◆Finish all the exercises in Unit3.◆Read the text in this unit again and try to summarise its content.◆Write a post for rent.课后总结与反思9补充教学资源Vocabulary Builder参考译⽂男：新房⼦怎么样？⼥：我感觉还不错。
SQL查询超时的设置方法（关于timeout的处理）
SQL查询超时的设置⽅法（关于timeout的处理）为了优化OceanBase的query timeout设置⽅式，特调研MySQL关于timeout的处理，记录如下。
复制代码代码如下:mysql> show variables like '%time%';+----------------------------+-------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+----------------------------+-------------------+| connect_timeout | 10 || datetime_format | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s || delayed_insert_timeout | 300 || flush_time | 1800 || innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 || innodb_old_blocks_time | 0 || innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF || interactive_timeout | 28800 || lc_time_names | en_US || lock_wait_timeout | 31536000 || long_query_time | 10.000000 || net_read_timeout | 30 || net_write_timeout | 60 || slave_net_timeout | 3600 || slow_launch_time | 2 || system_time_zone | || time_format | %H:%i:%s || time_zone | SYSTEM || timed_mutexes | OFF || timestamp | 1366027807 || wait_timeout | 28800 |+----------------------------+-------------------+21 rows in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)重点解释其中⼏个参数：connect_timeout:The number of seconds that the mysqld server waits for a connect packet before respondingwith Bad handshake. The default value is 10 seconds as of MySQL 5.1.23 and 5 seconds before that. Increasing the connect_timeout value might help if clients frequently encounter errors of the form Lost connection to MySQL server at ‘XXX', system error: errno.解释：在获取链接时，等待握⼿的超时时间，只在登录时有效，登录成功这个参数就不管事了。
2003年10月高级英语试题高级英语
2003年10月高级英语试题高级英语课程代码：0600Ⅰ. The following paragraphs are taken from the textbooks, followed by a list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completes each of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. One word or expression for each blank only. (12 points,0.5point each)●Rumors 1 quickly that I was a FBI agent. I was 2 because I was not 3 to return. Some people said I was either a federal agent or a 4 , for no 5 man, they said, returns to Watts by 6 .●Television 7 on advertising to an even greater 8 than newspapers, and since advertising is big business, advertising is by 9 Republican. Yet nowhere in network newscasts in network commentaries on current events have I 10 the intense partisanship, the often rabid 11 that colors the editorial 12 of the majority of newspapers in this country.●The chances had 13 to one in eight when the 14 clerk drew the second slip. He 15 his throat and 16 his pince-nez as though he had to make sure he was not 17 . “Ah, Monsieur Voisin,” he said with a 18 undecided smile, “May I join you?”●Some people believe that the time of death is 19 by God and that no man should 20 the clock back on another. 21 if a patient’s philosophical views embrace 22 , it is not clear why the religious 23 of others should intrude 24 his death. A. reasonable B. put C. bias D. choice E. nature F. yet G. mistaken H. lives I.thin J. encountered K. euthanasia L. fool M. spread N. objections O. pages P.extent Q. elderly R. suspect S. cleared T. narrowed U. put on V. on W. supposedX. appointedⅡ. There are 15 sentences from the textbooks, with a blank in each, followed bya list of words or expressions marked A to X. Choose the one that best completeseach of the sentences and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet.One word or expression for each blank only. (15 points, 1point each) 25. Fromthe start of that campaign, I faced ________ hostility because of my sex. 26. Abeautiful woman came along and ________ her bunch of violets, and a little boyran after to hand them to her, and she took them and threw them away as ifthey’d been poisoned. 27. Words mean more than what is set down on paper. Ittakes the human voice to ________ them with the shades of deeper meaning. 28. Ifit be true that our thoughts and mental images are perfectly ________ things,like our books and pictures, to the inhabitants of the next world, then I ammaking for myself a better reputation there than I am in this place. 29.Although I had to search, and did search, for the right words, I seemed to bemaking this descriptive effort almost against my will, under a kind of ________from outside. 30. ________ a man does not have to work so hard as to impair hisvigor he is likely to find more zest in his free time than an idle man couldpossibly find. 31. And so we are suddenly ________ a sickening situation in thiscountry. 32. With three job ________ from three of the most prestigious firms inthe country, he did not need this interview, this firm. 33. Disease-snobbery isonly one out of a great multitude of ________, of which now some, now otherstake pride of place in general esteem. 34. I once befriended two little girlsfrom Esthonia, who had narrowly escaped death from ________ in a famine. 35.There’s bound to be trouble ________ me eve ry day of my life, because troubleit’s always been and always will be. 36. It has been assumed that the youth of America has been in the ________ of the discovery of both the disease and the cure. 37. Somehow we just don’t see how it is with other folk s until —something________. 38. The figures are photocopied and distributed throughout the company to all the people and departments whose work is ________ selling. 39. Her hands and her neck began to sweat. But she knew that no emotion was ________.A. come acrossB. undisguisedC. recognizedD. in store forE. cascadeF. oppressionG. vanguardH. faced withI. fellJ. snobberiesK. pioneerL.starvation M. dropped N. tangible O. compulsion P. provided Q. even if R.relative S. comes up T. offers U. related to V. pertinent W. correct X. infuseⅢ. Each of the following sentences is given two choices of words or expressions, Choose the right one to complete the sentence and write the corresponding letteron your answer sheet. (15 points, 1 point each) 40. As the living standard improves, the (A. span, B. length) of life is getting longer and longer. 41. Thepoor emperor was forced by the usurper to (A. abandon, B. abdicate). 42. I findit difficult to operate this computer. Can you (A. demonstrate, B. exemplify) itfor me? 43. The formal declaration of the news went four (A. documents, B. drafts) before it was submitted to the conference. 44. I had a fantastic (A.stretch, B. stroke) of luck last weekend. I picked up a genuine Stradivariusviolin for only $20. 45. In the A-series football match, AC-Milan (A. beat, B. defended) all the other teams and became the champion as expected. 46. The accountant (A. specializes, B. scrutinizes) the figures very carefully before commenting on them. 47. On hearing that her best friend bought a fur coat, Susan felt (A. tempted, B. coaxed) to buy one, too. 48. When the rescue party foundthe wounded young man, he was (A. keeping, B. clinging) on to the side of the broken boat. 49. He (A. resigned, B. relinquished) all control over the company business to his son. 50. The witness refused to (A. disclose, B. enclose) theidentity of the man who supplied the information. 51. Usually my brother israther (A. reserved, B. conservative), but if you pick up a topic he isinterested in, he will talk freely about it. 52. The common (A. custom, B. practice) in English law is to consider someone innocent unless he is proved guilty. 53. He was a highly (A. conscientious, B. conscious) teacher who tookhis duties seriously but he seemed to have neither the personality nor theability to achieve further success. 54. This group of young men felt a greatsense of (A. inspiration, B. achievement) when they finally reached the top ofthe mountain.Read the following passage carefully and complete the succeeding four items: Ⅳ, Ⅴ, Ⅵand Ⅶ. Our Greedy Colleges 1) Many of our colleges are at it again. As they have done annually for the past six years, they have begun to unveil tuition increases that far outstrip the inflation rate. Next year, tuition is expectedto rise 6 percent to 8 percent – even though inflation during 1986 was about 1.8 percent. Yale’s president, Benno C. Schmidt Jr., attributes his university’stuition hike in part to “continuing cutbacks of governmental support for studentaid. ” This assertion flie s in the face of the facts. Since 1982, moneyavailable through Federal student aid programs has increased every single year. Overall, Federal outlays for student aid are up 57 percent since 1980. Since 1980, inflation has been just 26 percent. That is why the former chairman of the Senate Budget Committee, Pete V. Domenici, Republican of New Mexico, recently dismissed the claim of huge cuts in student aid programs as a “myth.”2) If anything, increases in financial aid in recent years have enabled collegesand universities blithely to raise their tuitions, confident that Federal loan subsidies would help cushion the increase. In 1978, subsidies became availableto a greatly expanded number of students. In 1980, college tuitions began rising year after year at a rate that exceeded inflation. Federal student aid policiesdo not cause college price inflation, but there is little doubt that they helpmake it possible.3) At the same time that higher education has been cutting a bigger piece of the Federal pie, it has also received huge infusions of cash from state governments, from corporations, from foundations and from loyal alumni. The total increase in higher education spending from all these non-Federal sources is staggering. Spending for higher education now consumes about 40 percent of all money spent in America for education.4) It is by no means clear that the performance of many of our colleges and universities justifies this level of expenditure. As I said on the occasion of Harvard’s 350th anniversary, too many students fail to receive the educationthey deserve at our nation’s universities. The real problem is not lack of money but failure of vision.5) Unfortunately, when it comes to higher education, this distinction isfrequentl y lost Stanford University’s vague justification for increased charges–“new knowledge is inherently more expensive” – only underscores the lack of focus and purpose at some of our nation’s most prestigious universities.6) Higher education is not underfunded. It is under-accountable and underproductive. Our students deserve better than this. They deserve an education commensurate with the large sums paid by parents and taxpayers and donors.7) That our universities are places where students can receive a good education,or at least learn a lot, I have no doubt. But too often our universities leave education to chance – a good professor here and a great course there. There istoo little real and sustained attention to education in the broader sense, tomaking sure that when our students leave after four years they leave as educated men and women.8) It is also false to assert, as some have, that the Reagan Administration’s student aid policies deprive disadvantaged students of the opportunity to attend college. In fact, the Administration has consistently sought to redirect aid tothe neediest students.9) Under the Administration’s fiscal 1988 budget proposal, all students presently receiving aid would continue to be eligible for the same dollar amountof aid. One in six of all college students would still be eligible to receiveFederal grants. Those less needy would still have access to aid in the form of loans.10) One particular Administration proposal, Income Contingent Loans, represents the most serious attempt to improve student aid in 15 years. The loans would permit repayment schedules to be tailored to a student’s income. A graduate’s payments would never have to exceed 15 percent of his adjusted gross income, and he could have as long as necessary to repay.11) An advantage of the Administration’s proposals is that they would help make colleges and universities accountable to the prime beneficiaries of theirservices – the students.12) Because students would pay a market-based interest rate, they would bear the true cost of borrowing the additional capital needed to finance tuition increases. Instead of insulating colleges and universities form such market forces, the Administration’s policies would make colleges and universi ties more readily accountable to them.13) Higher education clearly provides benefits to society in general. Recognizing this, the American people have generously provided the tax dollars, grants and highly subsidized loans necessary to support higher education. Butthe chief beneficiaries of a college education are the students. On average, college graduates earn $640,000 more over their lifetimes than nongraduates do.It is simply not fair to ask taxpayers, many of whom do not go to college, topay more than their fair share of the tuition burden.Ⅳ. There are 10 incomplete statements, followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and write the corresponding letter on your answer sheet. (10 points, 1 point each) 55. The author intends to _________. A. compare the inflation rate and tuition increases B. criticize the federal government in cutting the financial aid in education C. defend the federal government and accuse colleges of unnecessary and excessive tuition increases D. criticize thelow quality of higher education in the United States 56. The author thinks thatthe colleges and universities can raise the tuition because they believe that_________. A. there are Federal loan subsidies B. every student can get Federal loan subsidies easily C. governmental support for student aid becomes less D. higher quality education needs more money 57. According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is true? A. Higher education gets all its financialsupport from the federal government. B. Higher education gets all its financial support from nonfederal sources. C. Higher education gets its financial support from various sources. D. Higher education gets most of its financial supportfrom student tuition. 58. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.C olleges and universities in America can’t provide justifiable education. B. Colleges and universities can get enough financial support. C. Students should learn a lot more at colleges and universities. D. Students don’t learn what they deserve at colleges and universities. 59. According to the author, the government has consistently ________. A. helped the disadvantaged students B.tried to re-distribute the financial aid to the students who need it most C.offered financial aid to most students who need it D. spent enough money for the students who need it most 60. From this article, we know that a graduate_________. A. is allowed enough time to repay the borrowed money B. has to take more than 15 percent of his gross income to repay the loan C. d oesn’t have topay an interest D. can put off the repayment as long as he/she likes 61. In Paragraph 11, which of the following is the best to substitute for “accountable to”? A. devoted to B. responsible for C. suitable for D. desirable 62. American people support higher education because _________. A. they can reduce the burden of colleges and universities B. they want to improve it C. the students can get benefits from it D. they can get benefits from it 63. What is implied by the author? A. It is not fair to ask those who do not go to college to pay more than they should for higher education. B. College graduates earn more than nongraduates do. C. A person’s income is closely related to his or her education. D. Some nongraduates do not mind paying for higher education. 64. The tone of this article is ________. A. informative B. ironic C. persuasive D. narrativeⅤ. There is one underlined part in each of the following sentences, followed by four choices A, B, C and D. Choose the one that is the closest in meaning to the underlined part. (10 points, 2 points each) 65. …they have begun to unveiltuition increases that far outstrip the inflation rate. A. that surpass B. thatare much more than C. that can compete with D. that are beyond 66. This assertion flies in the face of the facts. A. agrees with the facts B. fails toface the facts C. finds its base in the facts D. is contrary to the facts 67.They deserve an education commensurate with the large sums paid by parents and taxpayers and donors. A. an education which concentrates on B. an appropriate education designed according to C. an education in right proportion to D. afrist class education because of 68. … that the Reagan Administration’s studentaid policies deprive disadvantaged students of the opportunity to attend college. A. make it impossible for disadvantaged students to get college education B. deny that disadvantaged students should have a chance to go to college C. offer unequal opportunities for disadvantaged students to gaincollege education D. offer more opportunities for the advantaged students to attend college 69. The loans would permit repayment schedules to be tailored toa student’s income. A. to be made in consideration of a student’s income B. tobe cha nged by a student’s income C. to be adaptable to a student’s income D. to match a student’s incomeⅥ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your translation on your answer sheet. (10 points, 2 points each) 70.Federal student aid policies donot cause college price inflation, but there is little doubt that they help makeit possible. 71. Spending for higher education now consumes about 40 percent of all money spent in America for education. 72. Stanford University’s vaguer justification for increased charges –“new knowledge is inherently more expensive”- only underscores the lack of focus and purpose at some of ournation’s most prestigious universities. 73. But too often our universities leaveeducation to chance – a good professor here and a great course there. 74. Underthe Administration’s fiscal 1988 budget proposal, all s tudents presentlyreceiving aid would continue to be eligible for the same dollar amount of aid.Ⅶ. Answer the following essay question in English within 80-100 words. Writeyour answer on your answer sheet. (10 points) Do you agree with the author thatthe American colleges are greedy and unaccountable? Why or Why not?Ⅷ. Translate the following into English and write your translation on youranswer sheet. (18 points, 2 points each from 75 to 79, 8 points for 80)75．前事不忘，后事之师。
2003年英语专业四级考试真题及答案解析
2003年英语专业四级考试真题及答案解析SECTION A STATEMENTIn this section you will hear seven statements. At the end of each statement you will be given10 seconds to answer the question.1. Which is NOT true about the listener?A.He works hard.B.He drinks a lot.C.He smokes a lot.D.He is healthy.2. How did the speaker feel when he heard the news?A.He was satisfied.B.He was annoyed.C.He was astonished.D.He was relieved.3. When does the next coach leave?A.At 9:10.B.At 9:15.C.At 9:20.D.At 9:05.4. The speaker thinks that Jane might have ____.A.a better marriageB.a better careerC.a better educationD.a better family life5. What does the statement mean?A.I am too happy to be helpful in any way.B.I am willing but unable to help you.C.I shall be very glad to offer my help.D.I promise to think about how to help you.6. What does the statement imply?A.The man was wearing clean clothes.B.The man was wearing improper clothes.C.The man was wearing fanciful clothes.D.The man was wearing dirty clothes.7. What does the speaker mean?A.I believe I can find you in other places as well.B.I had no idea that I could find you here.C.I believe that I can only find you in this place.D.This is not the place for me to meet you.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Salesman and customer.B.Doctor and nurse.。
诉讼法律英语词汇(中英文对照)
案件 case案件发回 remand/rimit a case （to a low court）案件名称 title of a case案卷材料 materials in the case案情陈述书 statement of case案外人 person other than involved in the case案值 total value involved in the case败诉方 losing party办案人员 personnel handling a case保全措施申请书 application for protective measures 报案 report a case （to security authorities）被告 defendant; the accused被告人最后陈述 final statement of the accused被告向原告第二次答辩 rejoinder被害人 victim被害人的诉讼代理人 victim's agent ad litem被上诉人 respondent; the appellee被申请人 respondent被申请执行人 party against whom execution is filed 被执行人 person subject to enforcement本诉 principal action必要共同诉讼人 party in necessary co-litigation变通管辖 jurisdiction by accord辩护 defense辩护律师 defense attorney/lawyer辩护人 defender辩护证据 exculpatory evidence; defense evidence辩论阶段 stage of court debate驳回反诉 dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回请求 deny/dismiss a motion驳回上诉、维持原判 reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgement/ruling驳回诉讼 dismiss an action/suit驳回通知书 notice of dismissal驳回自诉 dismiss/reject a private prosecution驳回自诉裁定书 ruling of dismissing private-prosecuting case补充答辩 supplementary answer补充判决 supplementary judgement补充侦查 supplementary investigation不公开审理 trial in camera不立案决定书 written decision of no case-filing不批准逮捕决定书 written decision of disapproving an arrest不起诉 nol pros不予受理起诉通知书 notice of dismissal of accusation by the court财产保全申请书 application for attachment; application for property preservation裁定 order; determination （指最终裁定）裁定管辖 jurisdiction by order裁定书 order; ruling裁决书 award采信的证据 admitted evidence查封 seal up撤回上诉 withdraw appeal撤诉 withdraw a lawsuit撤销立案 revoke a case placed on file撤销原判，发回重审 rescind the original judgement and remand the case ro the original court for retrial出示的证据 exhibit除权判决 invalidating judgement （for negotiable instruments）传唤 summon; call传闻证据 hearsay答辩 answer; reply答辩陈述书 statement of defence答辩状 answer; reply大法官 associate justices; justice大检察官 deputy chief procurator代理控告 agency for accusation代理申诉 agency for appeal代理审判员 acting judge代为申请取保候审 agency for application of the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving弹劾式诉讼 accusatory procedure当事人陈述 statement of the parties当庭宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence in court地区管辖 territorial jurisdiction地区检察分院 inter-mediate People's Procuratorate第三人 third party调查笔录 record of investigation定期宣判 pronouncement of judgement or sentence later on a fixed date定罪证据 incriminating evidence; inculpatory evidence冻结 freeze督促程序 procedure of supervision and urge独任庭 sole-judge bench独任仲裁员 sole arbitrator对妨碍民事诉讼的强制措施 compulsory measures against impairment of civil action对席判决 judgement inter parties二审 trial of second instance二审案件 case of trial of second insurance 罚款 impose a fine法定证据 statutory legal evidence法定证据制度 system of legal evidence法官 judges法警 bailiff; court police法律文书 legal instruments/papers法律援助 legal aid法律咨询 legal consulting法庭辩论 court debate法庭调查 court investigation法庭审理笔录 court record法庭审理方式 mode of court trial法庭庭长 chief judge of a tribunal法院 court法院公告 court announcement反诉 counterclaim反诉答辩状 answer with counterclaim反诉状 counterclaim犯罪嫌疑人 criminal suspect附带民事诉讼案件 a collateral civil action附带民事诉讼被告 defendant of collateral civil action复查 reexamination; recheck复验 reinspect高级法官 senior judge高级检察官 senior procurator高级人民法院 Higher People's Court告诉案件 case of complaint告诉才处理的案件 case accepted at complaint告诉申诉庭 complaint and petition division工读学校 work-study school for delinquent children公安部 Ministry of Public Security公安分局 public security sub-bureau公安厅 public security bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government公开审理 trial in public公开审判制度 open trial system公示催告程序 procedure of public summons for exhortation公诉案件 public-prosecuting case公诉词 statement of public prosecution公证机关 public notary office共同管辖 concurrent jurisdiction管辖 jurisdiction国际司法协助 international judicial assistance海事法院 maritime court合议庭 collegial panel合议庭评议笔录 record of deliberating by the collegiate bench和解 composition; compromise核对诉讼当事人身份 check identity of litigious parties恢复执行 resumption of execution回避 withdrawal混合式诉讼 mixed action基层人民法院 basic People's Court羁押期限 term in custody级别管辖 subject matter jurisdiction of courts at different levels 监视居住 living at home under surveillance监狱 prison检察官 procurator检察权 prosecutorial power检察委员会 procuratorial/prosecutorial committee检察院 procuratorate检察院派出机构 outpost tribunal of procuratorate简易程序 summary procedure鉴定结论 expert conclusion经济审判庭 economic tribunal径行判决 direct adjudication without sessions; judgement without notice 纠问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings拘传 summon by force; summon by warrant拘留所 detention house举报 information/report of an offence举证责任 burden of proof; onus probandi决定书 decision军事法院 military procuratorate开庭审理 open a court session开庭通知 notice of court session勘验笔录 record of inquest看守所 detention house可执行财产 executable property控告式诉讼 accusatory proceedings控诉证据 incriminating evidence控诉职能 accusation function扣押 distrain on; attachment扣押物 distress/distraint宽限期 period of grace劳动争议仲裁申请书 petition for labor dispute arbitration劳改场 reform-through-labor farm劳教所 reeducation-through-labor office类推判决的核准程序 procedure for examination and approval of analogical sentence累积证据 cumulative evidence立案报告 place a case on file立案管辖 functional jurisdiction立案决定书 written decision of case-filing立案侦查 report of placing a case on file利害关系人 interested party临时裁决书 interim award律师见证书 lawyer's written attestation; lawyer's written authentication律师事务所 law office; law firm律师提前介入 prior intervention by lawyer免于刑事处分 exemption from criminal penalty民事案件 civil case民事审判庭 civil tribunal民事诉讼 civil action民事诉讼法 Civil Procedural Law扭送 seize and deliver a suspect to the police派出法庭 detached tribunal派出所 police station判决 judgement; determination判决书 judgement; determination; verdict （指陪审团作出的）旁证 circumstantial evidence陪审员 juror批准逮捕 approval of arrest破案 clear up a criminal case; solve a criminal case破产 bankruptcy; insolvency普通程序 general/ordinary procedure普通管辖 general jurisdiction企业法人破产还债程序 procedure of bankruptcy and liquidation of a business corporation起诉 filing of a lawsuit起诉 sue; litigate; prosecute; institution of proceedings起诉状 indictment; information区县检察院 grassroots People's Procuratorate取保候审 the bail pending trial with restricted liberty of moving缺席判决 default judgement人民调解委员会 People's Mediation Committee认定财产无主案件 cases concerning determination of property as qwnerless认定公民无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力案件cases concerning determination of a citizen as incompetent or with limited disposing capacity上诉 appeal上诉人 appellant上诉状 petition for appeal少管所 juvenile prison社会治安综合治理 comprehensive treatment of social security 涉外案件 cases involving foreign interests涉外民事诉讼 foreign civil proceedings涉外刑事诉讼 foreign criminal proceedings申请人 applicant; petitioner申请书 petition; application for arbitration申请执行人 execution applicant申诉人宣誓书 claimant's affidavit of authenticity申诉书 appeal for revision; petition for revision神示证据制度 system of divinity evidence神示制度 ordeal system审查案件 case review审查并决定逮捕 examine and decide arrest审查起诉阶段 stage of review and prosecution审理通知书 notice of hearing审判长 presiding judge审判长宣布开庭 presiding judge announce court in session审判管辖 adjudgement/trial jurisdiction审判监督程序 procedure for trial supervision审判委员会 judicial committee审判员 judge审问式诉讼 inquisitional proceedings生效判决裁定 legally effective judgement/order胜诉方 winning party省市自治区检察院 higher People's Procuratorate失踪和死亡宣告 declaration of disappearance and death实（质）体证据 substantial evidence实物证据 tangible evidence实在证据 real evidence示意证据 demonstrative evidence视听证据 audio-visual evidence收容所 collecting post; safe retreat首席大法官 chief justice首席检察官 chief procurator受害人的近亲属 victim's immediate family受理 acceptance受理刑事案件审批表 registration form of acceptance of criminal case 受送达人 the addressee书记员 court clerk书记员宣读法庭纪律 court clerk reads court rules书证 documentary evidence司法部 Ministry of Justice司法机关 judicial organizatons司法警察 judicial police司法局 judicial bureau司法厅 judicial bureau at the levels of provinces, autonomous regions, and cities under direct jurisdiction of central government司法协助 judicial assistance死缓的复核 judicial review of death sentence with a retrieve死刑复核程序 procedure for judicial review of death sentence死刑复核权 competence for judicial review of death sentence送达 service of process送达传票 service of summons/subpoena送达诉状 service of bill of complaint搜查 search诉 sue; suit; action; lawsuit诉前财产保全 property attachment prior to lawsuit诉讼 litigation; lawsuit; sue; action诉讼保全 attachment诉讼参加人 litigious participants诉讼代理人 agent ad litem诉状 complaint; bill of complaint; state of claim特别程序 special procedures提起公诉 institute a public prosecution铁路法院 railway court铁路检察院 railroad transport procuratorate庭审程序 procedure of court trial通缉 wanted for arrest投案 appearance退回补充侦查 return of a case for supplementary investigation 委托辩护 entrusted defense未成年人法庭 juvenile court无行政职务的法官 associate judge无正当理由拒不到庭 refuse to appear in court without due cause 无罪判决acquittal, finding of “ not guilty ”物证 material evidence先予执行申请书 application for advanced execution先予执行 advanced execution刑事案件 criminal case刑事拘留 criminal detention刑事强制拘留 criminal coercive/compulsory measures刑事审判庭 criminal tribunal刑事诉讼 criminal proceedings刑事诉讼法 Criminal Procedural Law刑事自诉状 self-incriminating criminal complaint行政案件 administrative case行政审判庭 administrative tribunal行政诉讼 administrative proceedings行政诉讼法 Administrative Procedural Law宣告失踪、宣告死亡案件 cases concerning the declaration of disappearance and death宣判笔录 record of rendition of judgement选民资格案件 cases concerning qualifications of voters询问证人 inquire/question a witness训诫 reprimand讯问笔录 record of interrogation询问犯罪嫌疑人 interrogate criminal suspect言词证据 verbal evidence要求传唤证人申请书 application for subpoena一裁终局 arbitration award shall be final and binding一审 trial of first instance一审案件 case of trial of first instance应诉通知书 notice of respondence to action有罪判决sentence; finding of “guilty”予审 preliminary examinantion; pretrial原告 plaintiff院长 court president阅卷笔录 record of file review （by lawyers）再审案件 case of retrial再审申请书 petition for retrial责令具结悔过 order to sign a statement of repentance债权人会议 creditors' meeting侦查阶段 investigation stage侦查终结 conclusion of investigation征询原、被告最后意见 consulting final opinion of the plaintiff and defendant 证据 evidence证据保全 preserve evidence证据保全申请书 application for evidence preservation证人证言 testimony of witness; affidavit支付令 payment order/warrant知识产权庭 intellectual property tribunal执行程序 procedure execution执行逮捕 execution of arrest执行和解 conciliation of execution执行回转 recovery of execution执行庭 executive tribunal执行异议 objection to execution执行员 executor执行中止 discontinuance of execution执行终结 conclusion of execution指定辩护 appointed defense指定仲裁员声明 statement of appointing arbitrator中级人民法院 intermediate People's Court中途退庭 retreat during court session without permission 仲裁 arbitration仲裁被诉人 respondent; defendant仲裁裁决 award仲裁申请书 arbitration仲裁申诉人 claimant; plaintiff仲裁庭 arbitration tribunal仲裁委员会 arbitration committee仲裁协议 arbitration agreement; clauses of arbitration 仲裁员 arbitrator主诉检察官 principal procurator助理检察官 assistant procurator助理审判员 assistant judge专门法院 special court专门管辖 specific jurisdiction专属管辖 exclusive jurisdiction追究刑事责任 investigate for criminal responsibility自首 confession to justice自诉案件 private-prosecuting case自行辩护 self-defense自由心证制度 doctrine of discretional evaluation of evidence 自侦案件 self-investigating case最高人民法院 the Supreme People's Court最高人民检察院 the Supreme People's Procuratorate最后裁决书 final award。
外交学 (潘基文人物介绍)
UN chief promises to support China's quake relief efforts
Ban Ki-moon benefits from Chinese wisdom
Controversy
• During the ROKS（韩国） Cheonan （天安号） sinking( saga, he took the unusual step of demanding action against North Korea for the alleged （可疑的）sinking of a vessel from his country. This move was perceived as unusual because it was rare for any Secretary-General— and particularly Ban Ki-moon—to comment on the Security Council taking action on a particular issue as his office had, in the past, tended to be extremely deferential（恭敬的） to the Security Council.
• Mr. Ban also met with Secretary-General of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), he discussed issues of interest to the Caribbean region, such as climate change, as well as cooperation between the CARICOM Secretariat and the UN system.
《综合英语》课程教学大纲
《综合英语》课程教学大纲Comprehensive English总学时数：__256_学分数: _16__ 其中：实践学时:____适用专业：英语〔商务〕执笔者: _黄燕丽〔讲师/硕士〕编写日期:2013.03一、课程的性质、目的和任务《综合英语》是英语〔商务〕专业的学科根底课程。
它是一门培养学生听、说、读、写、译等综合技能的课程。
本课程教学目的和任务在于传授英语根底知识，对学生进展全面的、严格的根本语言技能训练，培养学生实际运用语言的能力，培养学生正确的学习方法和良好的学习作风，培养学生逻辑思维能力和独立工作能力，丰富学生的社会文化知识，增强学生对文化差异的敏感性，为学生学习高年级专业课程打下扎实的根底。
二、课程教学的根本要求对英语专业本科学生而言，综合英语是一门最主要的课程。
它是英语学习的核心，通过该课程的学习，学生应了解各类体裁的文章与英美等国家的文化，掌握全面的英语应用技能，具备综合运用语言知识的交际能力。
教学的具体要求如下：1．语音: 能按照音标读出单词，发音正确；能朗读句子、课文与相应的课外短文，语音语调正确。
2．词汇: 领会式掌握5000词汇与词组。
对其中4000个单词与其常用词组要求能够熟练掌握，并用于英语语言交际实践中。
3．语法；掌握根本语法规那么，能解决阅读中较复杂的语法难题。
4．听说：能够就某一话题开展全面的具有创造性和话语连贯性的语言活动，并将语言知识、交际技能和教学技巧融为一体。
5．阅读：掌握根本阅读技能，能借助词典顺利阅读并正确理解难度于课文容相当的各种题材的文章，阅读速度达到每分钟60个词。
6．翻译：能将与课文难易程度相当的文章译成汉语，理解正确、完整、明了。
7．写作：掌握不同体裁文章(记叙文,议论文,应用文等)的写作格式, 做到语确，表达清晰，论点明确，有较强的思想性。
三、课程教学容、重点和难点教学容：本课程依据所选教材的容并结合实际情况，因材施教，帮助学生掌握所选教材中涉与的词汇、词组、课文与语法知识，同时进展听说、阅读、写作训练，使学生全面掌握英语的各项根本技能。
2003年考研英语作文题目及范文主题
2003年考研英语作文题目及范文主题The 2003 National Postgraduate Entrance Examination (NPCEE) English Essay Topic and Sample。
Every year, thousands of aspiring candidates sit for the National Postgraduate Entrance Examination (NPCEE), aiming to secure a spot in their desired postgraduate programs. Among the various sections of the NPCEE, the English essay holds significant weightage, challenging candidates to exhibit their language proficiency, critical thinking, and analytical skills. In 2003, the essay topic focused on the theme of "The Impact of the Internet on People's Life." Let's delve into this subject and explore how the internet has profoundly influenced our lives.The advent of the internet has revolutionized the way we live, work, and interactwith one another. In recent years, its impact has been particularly notable, permeating every aspect of human existence. One of the most evident areas where the internet has exerted its influence is communication. Gone are the days of relying solely on traditional means of communication such as letters or landline telephones. With the click of a button, individuals can now connect with anyone, anywhere in the world, through emails, instant messaging, or social media platforms. This unprecedented connectivity has not only facilitated the exchange of information but has also fostered global collaboration and cultural exchange.Furthermore, the internet has reshaped the landscape of education and learning. Access to a vast repository of knowledge and resources is now just a Google search away. Students can leverage online platforms to access lectures, research papers, and educational videos, transcending the limitations of physical classrooms. Additionally, the rise of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) has democratized education, offering individuals from diverse backgrounds the opportunity to pursue learning at their own pace and convenience.In addition to communication and education, the internet has profoundly impacted various facets of daily life, including commerce, entertainment, and healthcare. E-commerce platforms have transformed the way we shop, enabling consumers to browse and purchase goods and services from the comfort of their homes. The entertainment industry has undergone a digital revolution, with streaming services providing on-demand access to a plethora of movies, music, and television shows. Moreover, telemedicine has emerged as a viable alternative to traditional healthcare delivery, allowing patients to consult with healthcare providers remotely and access medical information online.However, amidst the myriad benefits of the internet, there are also concerns regarding its negative impact on society. The proliferation of fake news and misinformation has fueled skepticism and distrust, undermining the credibility of information disseminated online. Furthermore, the omnipresence of social media has given rise to issues such as cyberbullying, online harassment, and addiction, raising questions about the psychological toll of excessive internet usage.In conclusion, the internet has become an indispensable part of modern life, shaping the way we communicate, learn, work, and entertain ourselves. Its transformative impact is evident across various domains, heralding both unprecedented opportunities and challenges for individuals and society at large. As we navigate the digital age, it is imperative to harness the potential of the internet while remaining vigilant against its pitfalls, ensuring that it continues to serve as a force for positive change and progress.。
你只活一次英语作文80词左右
你只活一次英语作文1You Only Live Once. This simple yet profound statement holds a great deal of truth and significance. Life is a precious gift, and it is a journey that we get to experience only once. It is of utmost importance that we cherish every moment of it and make the most of it.The brevity of life is a fact that we cannot overlook. Time is constantly slipping away, and once it's gone, we can never get it back. Consider the case of Steve Jobs. He was fully aware that his time on this earth was limited. However, instead of wasting it, he seized every opportunity. With his unwavering determination and innovative spirit, he created the Apple empire. His products revolutionized the way we communicate, work, and live. He didn't let the shortness of life hold him back; instead, he made every second count. His story is a powerful reminder that we should not take our time for granted.Athletes also exemplify this principle. They train rigorously day in and day out. They understand that their athletic careers are relatively short - they only live once as an athlete. So they push themselves to the limit. They don't waste a single training session. Whether it's a sprinter aiming for that extra fraction of a second in their race time or a gymnast perfecting their routine, they are all in pursuit of their dreams within the limited time they have. They know that this is their one chance to leave a mark in the world of sports, to achieve greatness and prove their worth.For us ordinary people, we may not be creating world - changing products like Steve Jobs or winning Olympic gold medals like athletes. But we all have our own dreams. Maybe it's to become an artist, a writer, or a teacher. We should not be deterred by the shortness of life. Instead, we should be motivated by it. Every day is a new opportunity to move closer to our dreams. We should wake up each morningwith a sense of purpose, ready to take on the challenges and make the most of the day.We often get caught up in the daily grind, in the trivial matters that seem so important at the moment but in the grand scheme of things are insignificant. We worry about small setbacks, about what others think of us, and we forget the big picture - that we only live once. If we keep this in mind, we will be more likely to take risks, to step out of our comfort zones, and to pursue what truly makes us happy.In conclusion, since we only live once, we must value our lives and the time we have. We should actively pursue our dreams, no matter how big or small they may be. We should not let fear or laziness prevent us from making the most of this one - time opportunity. Life is short, but if we use it wisely, it can be filled with meaning, purpose, and joy.2You only live once. This simple yet profound statement should be a guiding principle in our lives. It is a reminder that our time on this earth is limited and precious, and we should make the most of it.In life, there are so many opportunities waiting for us to seize. However, fear often holds us back. Fear of failure, fear of the unknown, fear of stepping out of our comfort zones. But when we consider that we only have one life to live, these fears seem less significant. Take the adventurers, for example. They are the ones who are willing to explore the uncharted territories. The poles, the deep jungles, and the vast deserts are all places full of mystery and danger. But these adventurers, with their unwavering determination, set out on their journeys. They know that there may be countless difficulties along the way. They may face extreme weather, shortages of supplies, and even life - threatening situations. But they still choose to move forward bravely. Because they understand that this is their one and only life, and they don't want to waste it sitting at home in safety, always wondering what could have been.The same goes for entrepreneurs. In the business world, starting a new venture is like stepping into a vast ocean full of uncertainties. There are so many risks involved. The market may not be receptive to their new products or services. There may be financial difficulties, and competition can be fierce. But these entrepreneurs, with a glint of adventure in their eyes, dare to enter new fields. They are not afraid to take risks because they are aware that they have only one chance at life. They would rather try and potentially fail than never try at all. If they succeed, they can change their own lives and even make a positive impact on the world. If they fail, they can learn from their experiences and grow as individuals.We should all learn from these adventurers and entrepreneurs. We should not let fear paralyze us. Instead, we should embrace the opportunities that come our way. We should be brave enough to try new things, whether it is learning a new skill, traveling to a new place, or starting a new hobby. Every new experience is a chance for us to expand our horizons and enrich our lives.In conclusion, since we only live once, we should live without regrets. We should face challenges head - on, not be afraid of failure, and make every moment count. Because at the end of the day, this one life is all we have, and it is up to us to make it a remarkable journey.3You Only Live OnceLife is a precious and unique journey. Each of us is granted only one shot at it. This singularity of life is not just a biological fact but a profound philosophical concept that has far - reaching implications for how we perceive the meaning of our existence.The fact that we only live once compels us to seek a higher - level meaning in life. Consider the great philosophers throughout history. They dedicated their entirelives to pondering the meaning of life. For example, Socrates, who walked the streets of Athens, engaging in deep conversations with his fellow citizens, constantly questioning the nature of virtue, knowledge, and the good life. He knew that his time on this earth was limited, and this awareness drove him to dig deeper into the fundamental questions of human existence. His life was a testament to the idea that because we have only one life, we must strive to understand its significance.Scientists, too, are driven by the recognition of the one -time nature of life. Think of Marie Curie, who spent countless hours in her laboratory, exposed to dangerous radiation, in her pursuit of knowledge and the betterment of humanity. She was fully aware that her life was finite, yet she chose to invest her time and energy into research that would ultimately lead to groundbreaking discoveries in the field of radioactivity. Her selfless dedication was not in vain. It was a response to the call of making the most of her one and only life by contributing something of great value to the world.In a more general sense, for ordinary individuals, the knowledge that we only live once should also inspire us to look beyond the mundane and the immediate. We often get caught up in the daily grind, chasing after material possessions or short -term pleasures. However, when we truly internalize the fact that our time is limited, we start to question whether these are the things that will give our lives true meaning.Rather than simply going through the motions, we should be motivated to pursue activities that are more in line with our values and that contribute to the greater good. This could be as simple as volunteering in our local community, pursuing a passion that enriches our souls, or building meaningful relationships with others.The uniqueness of life also means that there is no second chance to rewrite our story. Every decision we make, every action we take, is etched into the fabric of our one - time existence. This should instill in us a sense of responsibility and purpose.We cannot afford to waste our lives on frivolous pursuits or negative emotions such as envy or hatred.In conclusion, the fact that we only live once is not a cause for despair but rather a powerful motivation. It is a call to arms, urging us to rise above the ordinary and strive for a life filled with purpose, significance, and meaning. It is a reminder that our time on this earth is precious and that we have the power, and indeed the obligation, to make the most of it.4You Only Live OnceLife is a precious and unique journey. Each of us has only one chance to experience it. Therefore, it is crucial that we adopt an optimistic and positive attitude towards life.Think about those who are seriously ill. For example, there are cancer patients who, in the face of their life - threatening diseases, still choose to be positive. They wake up every morning with a smile on their face, looking forward to a new day. They cherish every moment they have left, whether it is spending time with their families, enjoying a beautiful sunset, or simply taking a walk in the park. Their attitude shows that they understand the value of this one - time life. They don't waste their time complaining about their misfortune but instead focus on making the most of the time they have.Ordinary people also can be an inspiration. In times of great difficulty, such as during an economic recession when many people lose their jobs, some individuals don't let despair overtake them. They see this as an opportunity to explore new interests or to strengthen relationships with family and friends. They might start a new hobby like painting or gardening, which not only enriches their lives but also gives them a new perspective. They look for the beauty in the simplest things, likethe first flower blooming in spring in their small garden or the sound of children laughing on the street.We should realize that every day is a gift. If we are always gloomy and negative, we are wasting this precious gift of life. Happiness is not always about achieving great things. It can be as simple as having a cup of hot coffee on a cold morning, sharing a joke with a friend, or reading a good book. When we have an optimistic attitude, we are more likely to notice these small pleasures and be content with what we have.In conclusion, since we only live once, we should strive to be happy. Let's face life's challenges with a smile, look for the good in every situation, and make our one -time journey on this earth a memorable and fulfilling one. There is no point in dwelling on the negative aspects of life. Instead, we should focus on creating positive memories and experiences that will make our one - time life truly worth living.5You Only Live Once. This simple yet profound statement has been echoing in the minds of many. In the grand scheme of things, our life is but a brief moment, a fleeting instant in the vast expanse of time. And within this one - and - only life, one of the most crucial aspects to consider is how to balance work and life.Work is an essential part of our existence. It gives us a sense of purpose, a means to earn a living, and a way to contribute to society. However, when work takes over our entire lives, we risk losing sight of the other important elements that make life worth living. On the other hand, if we focus solely on enjoying life and neglect our work responsibilities, we may find ourselves in financial difficulties or without a sense of accomplishment.Take, for example, some successful entrepreneurs. They are often at the top of their game in the business world, achieving remarkable feats and making significantcontributions to their respective industries. But at the same time, they are also great family people. They understand that they only live once, and this one life should be fully experienced. They make sure to set aside time for their families, for vacations, for hobbies, and for self - improvement. They know that success in business is not the only measure of a fulfilling life.Another case in point is some well - known artists. They pour their hearts and souls into their creative works, which often require long hours of dedication and hard work. But they also understand the importance of taking breaks, of spending time with friends and loved ones, of exploring the world around them. They know that their creativity is not only fed by their work but also by their life experiences.So how can we, ordinary people, achieve this balance? First of all, we need to set clear priorities. We should define what is truly important to us in life. Is it our career advancement? Is it our family's happiness? Is it our own personal growth? Once we have a clear understanding of our priorities, we can then allocate our time accordingly.Secondly, we need to learn to say no. In today's fast - paced world, there are always countless opportunities and temptations. But not all of them are worth our time and energy. We should be brave enough to turn down those things that do not align with our priorities.Finally, we should always keep in mind that life is short. Every day is a precious gift, and we should make the most of it. We should strive to find joy in both our work and our life outside of work. Because we only live once, and this one life should be filled with a variety of experiences, from the satisfaction of a job well - done to the warmth of a family gathering, from the excitement of achieving a personal goal to the tranquility of a solitary moment in nature.。
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Structure of the text
Part 1(para.1-2):The spokesman express his congratulations to the chairman for taking up the position of chairman of the current session and his gratitude to what contribution chairperson of last session made.
Analysis of the text
This is a speech made by Hu Xiaodi at the 2003 Session of United Nations Disarmament Commission held on March 31,2003 in New York. As the header of the Chinese Delegation , he put forward some corresponding proposals and measures about promoting a sound development for disarmament and arms control on behalf of China,which can arouse the Commission’s
Word
interim
['ɪnt(ə)rɪm](P72,Paragraph11,Line2)
adj. intended to last for a short period of time until sb./sth. more permanent is found. 中间的，暂时的，临时的 n. the time between one even,process,or period and another 中间时期，过渡时期，暂时 phrase:in the interim 在此期间，与此同时
为……作准备，为……创造条件
Example: A good education
success.
良好的教育为成功奠定基础。 The mushe the way for improving our economy.
科学技术的迅猛发展将为我们改善经济状况铺平道路。
他为了今后能更好地为人民服务而努力学习。
He
studies hard with a view to serving the people better in future.
Phrase
pave
the way (Pape72,Paragragh18,Linefour)
paves the way to
T he United Nations disarmament
裁军）
M ultila te ra l disa rm a m e nt（多边
It is all arms including armed police mutual disarmament and further streamlining (精简兵政）measure, provides the high active treatment（提供现 役军人的待遇）.
观)
N e w S e curity conce pt
(新安全
The new security concept also called ‛ nontraditional security concept ‚(非传统安全观), is the ‛cold war‚ began to appear some of the l a t e is d i ff e re nt fr o m th e ‛ o ld s e c u ri ty concept‚ or ‛traditional security concept‚ a general designation of the new security concept, refers to ‛old security concept‚ or ‛traditional security concept ‚ relatively new security concept. 与旧传统安全观相对的各种新型安全 观。
Structure of the text
Part 3(para.6-27):The speech point the two issues on this year’s agenda--‚ways and means to achieve nuclear disarmament‛ and‚practical confidencebuilding measures in the field of conventional arms‛. Therefore,China put forward some corresponding measures and make great efforts with UNDC and other countries.
T he C onfe re nce on D isa rm a m e nt in G e ne va (日内瓦裁军谈判会议)
The conference on disarmament issues include: nuclear disarmament, it is prohibited to produce fissile material( 核聚变材料） , prevention of an arms race in outer space, and non-nuclear state security and other issues. Ne ar l y hal f a cent ur y, the CD and it s predecessor after negotiations have reached The Nuclear Non-proliferation Treaty (不扩散条 约）On the Biological Weapons Convention(禁 止 生 物 武 器 公 ） , The Chemi cal Weapons Convention(近视化学武器公约) and a series of important international treaties.
Phrase
w
(doing)sth.(P72,Paragraph11,Line5) with the aim or hope of doing sth. 为了，指望
i t h
a
v i e w
t o
Example: He is studying hard with a view to going university. 他为了上大学而努力学习。 Exercise:
example:
The full report isn't ready yet,but you can see the interim report. 正式报告尚未写好，但是你可以看看这份临时报告。 Little seems to have happened in the interim. 在此期间，没发生过任何事情。
T he C om pre he nsive N ucle a r T e st Ban
(全面禁止核试验条约)
Is a limited nuclear test way or explosive power, until the comprehensive nuclear test ban, to limit development of nuclear weapons, promote nuclear disarmament and nuclear nonproliferation( 不扩散） of the important measures. Is a study led by a comprehensive ban treaty organization, to promote comprehensive prevent proliferation of nuclear weapons and promoting nuclear disarmament process, so as to promote international peace and security of the treaty.
Unit 4
TextⅡ
Statement at the 2003 session of the United Nations Disarmament Commission
B y G roup F our
Lead-in
After
watching this video,what have you learned from it?
you opinion,what role does China play in the international social?
In
Background
commission edit entries.（联合国裁军 委员会） The UN Disarmament Commission is the specialized agencies of the UN ‘ s review Disarmament issues, belonging to the United Nations general assembly (属于联合国大会）. According to the commission in May 1978, the first disarmament to establish special general assembly resolution, its predecessor w as established in 1952 the disarmament commission. Its job is to review the various problems in the field of disarmament and put forward the proposal.